以下是小编帮大家整理的托福备考如何加快学习效率和进度(共含8篇），仅供参考，欢迎大家阅读。同时，但愿您也能像本文投稿人“兔子力量”一样，积极向本站投稿分享好文章。
托福备考如何加快学习效率和进度?分析3个原因找到应对方法
托福备考低效率原因：备考时间分配问题
大家都知道，托福考试包含听说读写四个部分，以考察考生的英语综合实力为目标，因此考生在备考时需要兼顾四个学科的学习时间以保证托福总分。而如何分配具体的备考时间是很有讲究的。考生可以选择一视同仁平均分配，也可以根据自身弱项来更有倾向性的分配学习时间，这其实都是无可厚非的。但无论如何大家要保证自己投入的时间物有所值，也就是不要出现浪费时间的情况。举例来说，一位同学明明听力很好，但为了一碗水端平还是在听力上投入了和其它科目一样的备考时间，这在小编看来就是一种浪费时间的做法了。还有些同学其实四个科目水平都差不多，但却总是觉得自己一个科目特别不好所以把很多时间都花在这一科上，这其实也是有问题的。总之大家需要对自身的水平有明确认识，并根据需求来分配学习时间，如果能够把备考的每分每秒都用到实处切实提升自己的实力，那么备考效率自然就能得到提升。
托福备考低效率原因：回顾错题整理分析问题
这一点其实在很多同学身上都有所体现，备考以练习做题为主要训练方式是没错的，但做完题之后的处理才是大家学习效率是否合理的标志。在小编看来，做完题目对个答案就轻轻放过其实也是比较低效率的做法，考生既无法吸收经验也积累不到教训。做错的题目不能看过解析就算了，想要保证不会重复犯错就需要对错题进行整理分析，以后经常回顾来避免再次出问题;做对的题目同样不能放过，如何做对的，思路是否正确高效，其中有没有侥幸因素，这些大家都需要细致分析到位。能够做到这两点，考生才能避免低效率的题海战术，用尽可能少的练习量换取更多的收获。这也是提升学习效率不可或缺的重要环节。
托福备考低效率原因：学习内容针对性不足
托福备考中考生需要记忆的内容很多，这其中不仅有托福考试必备的词汇，还有写作口语的素材模板，各类话题和题型的常见套路等等。想要在考试中信手拈来游刃有余地发挥实力，备考中大家就必须花费大量时间去进行记忆背诵。但记忆同样需要讲究效率，比如托福考试的词汇类教材中，其实有很多时候考生背的都是用不上或者说缺乏针对性的词汇，从比较功利的角度来说这些词汇对于考试毫无帮助。写作口语的模板素材也是同样，真正能用到的往往只是少数，对这些无用内容的记忆其实都是在降低学习效率。当然，小编并不是在反对背诵，而是希望大家能够更加理性地分析托福考试到底需要哪些词汇或是素材，精简一下自己的记忆对象，尽量让自己背诵的内容都能起到切实可见的提分作用。如果大家能够背得更精准更有针对性，那么备考效率显然也是会因此提升的。
说了这么多，其实托福备考效率的提升还是需要大家从各个方面多加注意的，上面提到的其实只是几个比较常见而且主要的问题。更多的提升备考效率的方法经验，还请大家做个有心人，自己在日常学习过程中摸索和总结出来。
托福写作模板:寿命长的原因
托福写作模板及范文参考：
In general， people are living longer now. Discuss the causes of this phenomenon. Use specific reasons and details to develop your essay.
托福写作范文参考：
With the development of human society， people are living longer now. Many factors interacting together to enable the longer life. There are three most important causes： the quality of food has been greatly improved; people could have medical services; more and more people realize that regular sports benefit their health.
The improving quality of our food is the most important factor of the longer life. We could have not only enough food as we want， but also the healthier food. When we preparing food， we no longer consider the cost， but pay more attention to the nutritions of the food. With the development of transportation systems， inland people now could also enjoy seafood and tropical fruit.
Furthermore， governments are paying more and more money on medical establishments. Citizens could have medical services more easily. Because of the convenient medical service more illnesses could be detected at an earlier stage. Also， many illnesses that had been considered fatal could be cured today. The better detection and curement enable people's longer life.
Last but not least important is that people care more for their own health. Every morning you could see people doing sports outside. More and more people have realized the saying “life is locomotion”. Regular sports build up a strong body. Naturally， people with stronger body could resist more deseases.
To sum up， the development of our society causes the longer life of people. People have better food and better medical services. And people spend more time on sports to biuld up stronger bodies. As we could predict， people are going to live even longer.
托福写作解析:经典高分句型
托福写作高分句型1、表示原因
1)There are three reasons for this.
2)The reasons for this are as follows.
3)The reason for this is obvious.
4)The reason for this is not far to seek.
点击获取托福写作TPO真题系列资料【题目+思路+模板+范文】 5)The reason for this is that...
例如： There are three reasons for the changes that have taken place in our life.Firstly,peoples living standard has been greatly improved.Secondly,most people are well paid,and they can afford what they need or like.Last but not least,more and more people prefer to enjoy modern life.
托福写作高分句型2、表示好处
1)It has the following advantages.
2)It does us a lot of good.
3)It benefits us quite a lot.
4)It is beneficial to us.
5)It is of great benefit to us.
例如： Books are like friends.They can help us know the world better,and they can open our minds and widen our horizons.Therefore,reading extensively is of great benefit to us.
托福写作高分句型3、表示坏处
1)It has more disadvantages than advantages.
2)It does us much harm.
3)It is harmfulto us.
例如：However,everything dividesinto two.Television can also
托福写作高分句型4、表示重要、必要、困难、方便、可能
1)It is important(necessary,difficult,convenient,possible)for sb.to do sth.
2)We think it necessary to do sth.
3)It plays an important role in our life.
例如： Computers are now being used everywhere,whether in the government,in schools or in business.Soon,computers will be found in every home,too.We have good reason to say that computers are playing an increasingly important role in our life and we have stepped into the Computer Age.
托福写作高分句型5、表示措施
1)We should take some effective measures.
2)We should try our best to overcome(conquer)the difficulties.
3)We should do our utmost in doing sth.
4)We should solve the problems that we are confronted(faced)with.
例如：The housing problem that we are confronted with is becoming more and more serious.Therefore,we must take some effective measures to solve it.
托福写作模板:公共交通
托福写作模板及范文参考：
Should governments spend more money on improving roads and highways，or should governments spend more money on improving public transportation (buses，trains，subways)? Why? Use specific reasons and details to develop your essay.
托福写作范文参考：
Should governments spend more money on improving roads and highways or on improving public transportations? There seems to be a difficult problem since many reasons should be involved. However， after carefully pondering it， I buttress the last one， spending the money on improving public transportation. The reasons are presented below：
There is no denying that improving the public transportation will surely alleviate the pollution given off by enormous cars. If a city has not a developed public transportation， the air will be polluted more heavily. What a dirty environment we will live in! Every day breathing into the air filled with the flour of the gasoline， seeing the sky with the dull color will be the title of our life.
So the essence of environment has been realized by an increasingly number of people， to the governments， the protection of environment is especially an undeniable mission. Another reason I agree with it is that developed public transportation will decrease the frequency of the traffic jams. Perhaps no worse word than “traffic jams” exists， to the businessmen who believe in “Time is money”. Traffic jams not only cost the people time and expense， but also create a bad mood for work. It greatly decreases the efficiency of the whole city. I imagine how can a city whose avenue full of traffic jams develop its economics?
Finally， I want to say that improving the public transportation provide a great number of ways of transportation for most of the poor people who can not afford to buy a car. It is known that our citizens is not made of only people who has the ability to own a car， but the very poor people are also included. I believe that however the technology is improved， the public apparatus should not be ignored， because it serves the people all over the city.
Nevertheless， the private transportation has its own advantages， for instance， it can save a lot of time in some cases， provide some convenience for people. But improving on roads and highways is advantageous only conditionally. Based on the above discussion， I agree with the opinion that the government should spend money on improving public transportation not only it can protect environment and save time for people， but it also can create a convenient environment for all the citizens.
gre写作如何加快备考进度
一、确定GRE作文的重点
对于没有足够时间的考生来说，把争论放在第一位是更好的选择。毕竟，争论和议题更注重思想，这正是中国学生的强项，短时间内更容易取得成果。因此，中国学生的论据一般比问题高0.5至1分。这个时候的策略应该是保持争论点“并且要有足够的时间给考生，他们可以从问题开始，因为它很容易在短时间内得到改善。在用更高的语言水平解决问题后，他们会觉得使用问题的语言来处理argu非常舒服。他们不会感到无语。
如何积累和练习GRE作文?
一开始疯狂写作的人不够理性，尤其是当他们写第一期和第一个论点的时候。AW的真正进步还在你的写作过程中，但在此之前一定要读一定量的书
我个人的观点是，积累一定数量后，gre写作方法,gre写作怎么练我会写几篇文章，找出最薄弱和最需要的部分，然后找到解决的办法。在最后一个月左右，我将进行模型测试培训。在熟悉GRE作文题库、范文和作文要求后，我可以试着写一篇文章，找出差距。语言和例子以前积累比较好，但如果积累不够，也可以先写一篇文章，然后和范文比较，找出不足，再加以改进，然后在准备过程中积累。
但是在写作文之前，我们需要解决几个问题。一是理解ETS的作文要求，二是积累语言和例句。二是熟悉GRE作文题库和分类。gre写作方法,gre写作怎么练至于作文要求，分析比较多，市场上的各种作文书几乎都涵盖了，所以我们需要做最后一本，或者买一本基本的作文书来介绍，方便我们知道ETS要考什么，考什么形式，范文是怎么写的。如果我们完成这一步，我们将完成AW准备的第一步
GRE写作范文：丑闻
题目：
Scandals-whether in politics, academia, or other areas-can be useful.They focus our attention on problems in ways that no speaker or reformer ever could.
丑闻――无论是政治、学术还是其他领域――可能会是有用的。丑闻可以用演说家或者改革家无法使用的手段让我们注意到某些问题。
正文：
Scandals occur in nearly every field that human set foot in, both revealed and incubative.Once people recognize that the person they adored yesterday is actually a liar by the exposednesses of his scandal, the first reaction may be anger, sorrow and depression.However, if rational rethinking and remediation have been taken after the reports of scandals, actually greater progresses can always be achieved compared with the efforts made by the daily boring speeches made by speakers and reformers.
Scandals can clearly show us the hidden unreasonable and unjust regulations, therefore administers or the public can adjust or even correct those errors. After the Watergate Event, not only President Nixon lost his job, but further influence was conducted by the public and medium. They realized that the problem of the abuse of power which was neglected in the past. As a result, a closer scrutiny upon the high officials of government prevents them from abusing their power any longer. Recently, the filthy relationship between Juventus Club and several references was publicized by medium, which shocked the football circle by those large holes in the institutions of football league and thus forced the Italia Football Association to take actions towards Juventus, references and the ill institutions. While Juventus has been deprived the former championship, a series of more appropriate regulations have at last been added into the football systems. There is no denying that those scandals indeed prohibit the daily operations and developments of certain fields to some extent, but these deleterious effects can be temporary, if proper measures have been done immediately. In this case, scandals may become stimulations that can provoke the awareness of the emergency of the scandals, which is necessary for establishment of an ultimate solutions to the present problems.
Furthermore, compared with the accomplishments endowed by the professional speakers and reformers, the progresses made by the aftereffects of scandals are often more significant and fast. A scandal maker usually has his position in high status, which grants him power great enough to make his underground and illegal behavior so harmful and astonishing that it can be called a scandal. Before their scandals have been known to the public, they are generally admired and trusted by their superiors and inferiors, as well as the medium and public. Therefore, it is difficult or even impossible for speakers and reformers to win the battle against those scandal makers and their inequitable laws or regulations without the support of anyone. No one believes or even pays attention on whatever the speakers and reformers assert, if the scandal makers are trying to cover up those events by their power and trust they gained at the same time. Consequently those errors remain forever. Once the secrets of the scandal makers give away, however, their aura fades, legends evaporate, so does the trust and power endued. Under such circumstances that all sides feel unsatisfied and disappointed, it is much easier for reformers to draw the focus on their ameliorative allegations towards the long existed problems, and thus, the improvements can be made. Perhaps it may be strange to accept the ironic conclusion that scandals do play a more vital role in healing the morbid system of a certain realm than those reformers do sometimes, but oftentimes it is scandal that helps the reformers a lot to strike their targets, which leads to a future primary achievements for society.
Despite the forgoing contributions of scandals, they are not without its apparent problems. Hypersensitive worries may lead serious disorders or even disasters. A threshold trouble is about the excessive revealment of privacies of the officials, stars, or other persons who were doubted to have scandals. This was often done by some so-called responsible mediums in the name of observation the social problems. As a result, the bothered officials or the stars can hardly utilize their full abilities to fulfill their tasks or jobs. Just to meet the curiosity of the public so that they can bolster their sales and profits, these mediums' detective behaviors will inevitably bring about disorders to those who in charge in some areas. Secondly, overstatements of the grave effects of scandals may shadow the contributions of the scandal makers unfairly. Although Clinton was accused by his rose event, his dedication towards the resuscitation and prosperity of America's economy during his term of office cannot be denied. If his fault was overemphasized present, he may have to resign immediately, and his economic ability can no longer serve the society,which is an obvious loss of the society.
To be just, I acknowledge that most people hate to witness scandals happening around them. What is more, recessions and the private violations always come along with scandals.Nevertheless, seeing from another angle, if the scandals are in fact ineluctable, it may be wiser to bravely face with the extant problems. We should find them out and then correct them rather than simply denying their existence.
GRE范文：政治领袖
题目：
Unlike great thinkers and great artists, the most effective political leaders must often yield to public opinion and abandon principle for the sake of compromise.
不同于伟大的思想家和艺术家，最杰出的政治领袖通常都必须为了妥协而屈从于大众的意见并且放弃原则。
正文：
With the respect of history, today’s democratic structure of politic roots deeply in ancient Greek philosophers’ advocation for the respect of public and individual beings,their admiration of the egalitarian, and the eagerness for justice as well as the electoral system specially devised to surpvise those in power. The Renaissance taking place in Europe and the democratic Revolution booted up by Napoleon in France both have produced great thinkers who demand the restriction of the politicians’ power and authority, labeling the end of an era in which politicians could lay their hands on almost every objects of demand. Driven by this trend, the contemporary politicians ostensibly deprived of certain freedom enjoyed by most artists and scientists could no longer behave in the way they would like to. These people, taking the responsibility of the democratic government, are restrained from several aspects. These restriction mainly comes from the public’s desire and different groups’ attitudes.
Although being neglected sometimes, the artists and the scientists still adhere to their own responsibilities, appear undisturbed and display astonishing indifference to the public. Such right is deserved as to artists and scientists, since their insightful thoughts and complicated feeling about life far go beyond what normal people may achieve.Frustrated and deterred by these maestros, publics turn to the other extreme―ignoring these great thinkers and even cursing them as heretics that destroy the current harmony. Again, scientists and artists enjoy the freedom to obliterate the influence laid on them by the mundane world since their interests are just focused on the exploration of the purity of the truth and reciprocating the perfect memory of the past or wonderful visions about future, rather than caring for the public’s benefits.
During such process, they just jump out of the world and objectively describe it, any scorns or restrictions are treated as part of the object they are proceeding, and this is just the hits of their successes. Sometimes, certain behavior that even force the community members away from communicating with these elites are taken as pride in that artists and scientists could employ their free time to continue their interest.
On the other hand, never would the politician own such comparatively broad freedom. As for a politician, the key to success in politics is to gain and maintain political power.Such power comes from certain identification of the public morality with the politician’s private one and the balance of different groups’ benefits and demands. Consequently,the politician’s attitudes, behavior and even the life style are tightly restricted for fear that any diversion from public’s taste may conduce to losing authority which is a real tragedy for a politician. To be an effective political leader excludes the opportunity that a politician may taste the freedom of the same merits as that enjoyed by artists and scientists, the freedom characterd by consciously seperating oneself from commentary and neglecting the demands made by majority. The successful leadership could be achieved by submerging oneself into the public and being sufficiently prepared for sacrificing some freedom for the majority’s benefits.
It is always funny to imagine what will happen to a special politician who could share a scientist or an artist’s freedom. When this politician is bored at the legitimate meeting that is being broadcast by media agencies, he escape to have a chess with his child.Subsequently, critics begin to accumulate the dissatisfaction of the public to attack this leader’s lacking responsibility of the public affairs. Moreover, he may again utilize the freedom to isolate himself from the public pressure by flying out to have a summer holiday. Then, only one thing can be assured, our special politician is deprived of the right to initiate his power which is a symbol of the end of his political life.
The development of technology and recognition of our society require both politicians and insightful thinkers. However, the democratic system of our contemporary world fixes two distinct sets of freedom that could enjoyed by them. While we agree that artists and scientists enjoy the comparatively broad one, we can not expect the political leaders to have opportunity to taste it.
托福听力备考如何调整进度?各分数段学习方法精讲
托福60分水平听力备考计划讲解
这一要求主要针对总分在60分左右的学生，建议使用TOEFL Junior 的听力材料，由于此材料涉及的是高中词汇和四级词汇较多，而且语速比较慢，适合较基础的学生进行逐句听写练习，听写后进行看原文改错和跟读，并背诵听力原文中出现的生词已达到积累基础词汇的目的。在60分左右的阶段，要慢慢的适应和熟悉英语中的表达习惯，同时注意读音的问题。在进行一个月 junior 听写练习之后可以进行官方真题Official的对话听写练习，加大对于听力练习的难度，同时要求对于对话进行跟读和跟翻的练习。所以针对托福总分60分左右的考生要以打好听力和词汇基础，培养语音和语感为目的来进行练习。
托福80分水平听力备考计划分享
针对80分左右的学生要在保证官方真题Official题目练习的同时要注意在听到听力文章的主题后，迅速激活自己在该学术领域的相关知识，对可能听到的内容进行积极预测。80分这一阶段的听力程度应该可以掌握托福听力的对话，主要问题在于听力的讲座材料无法很好的把握。针对较长的讲座抓住要点记笔记也非常的重要。记笔记是托福听力的必修课。讲座文章篇幅较长，也就是所包含的信息量较大，而文章的后面又会考察我们一些细节信息。在这种情况下，光凭大脑记忆是绝对不够的，必须拥有边听边记笔记的能力才能应对后面的题目。在记笔记时，要重点把握文章的一些细节信息点，对重要细节信息点要做到熟悉、敏感，并且可以迅速记录。完善的笔记能力需要长期的训练，在平时练习的过程中，要养成边听边记笔记的习惯，摸索笔记的规律，不断总结形成自己的缩写及笔记符号系统。然后配套进行官方真题Official的听力题目练习，进行相应的错题分析，并进行错题的问题积累。所以针对80分左右的情况，要加大精听和泛听的练习量，才能达到提分的效果。
托福100分水平听力备考方案介绍
针对100分以上的学生，听力的主要问题是细节点可能存在漏听或者个别主旨题目理解错误的情况。所以最好的提分技巧是在练习成套题目后，自主进行错题的更改，建议可以在进行一篇文章精听的同时进行题目的更改，然后可以看原文进行相应错题出题点的对应，总结错题的原因。同时，熟悉各个科目的听力背景词汇，保证在听到专业词汇时可以尽快的反应出专业词汇的意思。从而不影响其他听力细节的把握。所以针对100分的学员情况，重点在于自己进行错题原因的总结和题目的分析，然后尽可能多的了解专业词汇。
托福听力：高分技巧之语义强调
1)含义强调：
听段子时，要特别注意那些“本身含义上就给我们以震撼或触动的词或结构”。比如：“Especially”一词后面的内容一定是考点，因为它本身就表示“尤其是”，体现了ETS的“求异思想”。再比如：“new theory”周围也一定存在考点，因为这体现了ETS的“求新思想”。有时ETS为强调某事，还特意用一些极其显而易见的表达方式提醒我们，例如：“indeed(真正得)”、“certainly(当然)”、“Just remember(一定要记住)”、“And again.(再说一遍)”、“special feature(特殊的特征)”、“Most importantly(最为重要的是)”、“One thing I should mention(我应该提及的是??)”、“Make / Be sure to…(一定要??)”等等。更多的含义强调词还靠大家自己积累和体会。
2)解释强调：
要特别注意那些“本身含义上带有解释性质的词或结构”。比如：“…, which is / that is…(那就是说??)”显然，“which is / that is…”引导的定语从句是ETS为防止我们考生听不懂前面的内容(生僻的词或概念)，而特意添加上去，用来进一步加以解释的。所以这种解释性的定语从句理所当然就成了强调考点所在的重要标志。类似的结构如“What I mean is…”、“All that means is…”等等不胜枚举。
3)举例强调：
要特别注意那些“带有举例或列举性质的词或结构”。比如：“for example…(例如??)”因为例子总比道理简单易懂得多。ETS清楚地知道：考生明白了后面的举例，自然也就理解了前面的概念，然后再考前面的概念也就顺理成章了。这点显然跟解释原则类似。所以这种举例或列举式的结构也成了强调考点所在的重要标志。类似的结构如“for instance”、“such as…”“namely…”、“as an example”、“take example for ”等等不胜枚举。
4)级别强调：
听段子时，要特别注意那些“带有级别比较(比较级或最高级)性质的词或结构”。比如：“much higher than…(比??高得多)”，因为有比较就有观点，是观点就是考点。所以这种带有级别比较(比较级或最高级)性质的词或结构也成了表明考点所在的重要标志。类似的结构还有“-er”、“-est”“more”、“most”、“mostly”、“first”、“last”、“majority(多数派)”、“minority(少数派)”、“above all(首要的是)”等等举不胜举。
5)结论强调：
听段子时，要特别注意那些“带有结论、总结性质的词或结构”。比如：“I concluded that…(我的结论是??)”，不可否认，结论性言语在哪里都是最重要的，所以这种带有结论、总结性质的词或结构也标志着考点的存在。类似的结构还有“conclusion”、“summarize”、“make a summary(总结)”、“in brief(概括说)”、“in short(简而言之)”、“in a word(简而言之)”、“in a conclusion”、“finally”、“all in all”、“to sum up”等等举不胜举。
6)对比强调：
听段子时，还要特别注意那些“带有对比性质的词或结构”。比如：“compare to…(与??相比)”这种带有对比性质的词或结构也标志着考点就在周围。类似的结构还有“unlike(不象)”、“similar to(与??类似)”、“in contrast to(与??对照)”、“differently”、“alike(象)”、“resemble(类似)” “on the other hand” “instead” “likewise” “in the same way”等等。
托福听力：听力中的同音词
eight - number between 7 and 9, 8
ate - past tense of eat, 吃的过去式
bear - a big, hairy animal
bear - to be able to withstand something
bare - exposed
bred - past tense of breed 繁殖的过去式
bread - a type of food 面包
be - is 主动词 be
bee - an insect 蜜蜂
caught - past tense of catch 抓的过去式
cot - a portable bed that folds for storage 轻便小床
fan - a device for moving air 风扇
fan - short for fanatic 狂热，爱好者
groan - noise made in misery 呻吟
grown - fully mature 长大的
hart- 雄鹿
heart - energetic or enthusiastic 心脏
herd - a group of animals 牧群
heard - past tense of hear 听的过去式
I - me, myself 我
eye - body part we see with 眼睛
made - past tense of make 做的过去式
maid - a lady that cleans home or hotels for a living 女佣
no - opposite of yes 不
know - be aware of something 知道
roes - plural of roe = an argument 雌鹿的过去式
rows - plural of row = a row (line, queue) of vegetables planted in a farmer's field, a row of seats in a theatre 行，排
rows - present tense of row, as in rowing a boat (propelling a boat through the water with a paddle) 划船的现在式
rose - a beautiful flower that grows on a thorny stem 玫瑰
wring - twist 绞，扭
ring - noise a bell makes 敲钟，打电话
scent - smell 气味
sent - past tense of send 邮寄的过去式
see - to view something
sea - large body of salt water
threw - past tense of throw
through - finished or completed, also, to give direction (Go through the tunnel)
tail - cats and dogs have them 尾巴
tale - a story 故事
there they're their
week - 7 days
weak - not strong
worn - well used 用旧的，疲倦的
warn - to give notice of potential danger 警告
wood - what we get from trees
would - past tense of will
wore - past tense of wear 穿的过去式
war - what we call it when two countries' armies are fighting
one - a single unit
won - past tense of win
you'll
Yule- 圣诞季节
托福听力：拿高分的3个要点
要点1. 确定主题。
听力正式开始之前会有一个简短的instruction，之后屏幕上会出现一些和听力内容相关的信息，这些可以帮助我们确定下面所要听部分的核心话题。例如，listen to a conversation between a professor and student in a biology class。从这个介绍我们可以知道下面对话内容的场景：biology class，接下来可能就会出现相关的文字和图片。通过这些文字和图片可以帮助确定主题，也可以让考生悬着的心慢慢落地。或者当professor 刚开始说，in the last class时，脑中迅速做好，等待todays class内容。
要点2. 主题被什么结构展开。
考生对于全文结构的一个综合把握同样也是基于对文章主旨把握的基础之上的，对考生能力的最高相对要求，听力考试中的排序题和分类信息题考查的就是学生对全文结构的把握。针对这一特点考试专家建议学生强化自己记笔记的能力。当然笔记不是越全越好，要有的放矢，把握ETS思路：we test the very important details but not every。例如在分类信息题笔记中应注意记录按什么分类，以及每一类的特征;排序题的笔记注意表明步骤和逻辑顺序信号词后的内容，例如，First ……， after that……， lets look at the .etc。另外，听力过程中个人不建议走极端不记笔记。
要点3. 用什么细节支持主题。
基于ETS考查内容是和主旨有关的重要细节。我们在听的过程中需要把握的往往是和考点相联系的重要信号词。比如说表示因果的so, thus等词对应于细节题中常考查的因果题。
托福阅读备考进度太慢提升不明显?这3个学习重点请抓住
明确托福阅读真正考点
考生在托福阅读备考中的重点在于适应答题的环境和节奏。这需要考生把握托福阅读文章内容和明确托福阅读题目考点。所以，考生要提升基础阅读能力，从词汇、语法和文章结构出发备考，要把握托福考试的8000词汇，在学习词汇时不仅要知道单词的汉语意思也要掌握词汇用法;要提高长难句的分析能力，要在备考中多阅读相关文章，提高阅读能力。
学会托福阅读机经真题正确用法
这里提到的真题包括托福阅读考试回顾、托福阅读官方真题Official以及托福阅读预测机经。对于托福阅读考试回顾，考生要从中把握本次考试的话题是什么、话题所属学科、话题具体背景知识;尤其熟记考过的词汇;对于托福阅读官方真题Official，考生可以分析文章中所有不懂的词汇以及难句并通过全文翻译来扫清理解障碍，也可以根据不同话题文章的写作特点来总结多个话题文章写作思路;考生也要利用官方真题Official题目来测试自己的阅读水平，深入分析题目类型和熟悉运用答题策略。
掌握托福阅读高效解题技巧
在托福阅读备考使用官方真题Official题目时，考生可以对每种托福阅读题型有足够了解，从中巩固题目答题策略。但是考生的短期提升只有策略是不足的，因为短期掌握的策略在遇到有难度文章或者不熟悉的题目时都帮助不大。所以考生可以掌握一些答题技巧。比如在文章中遇到难题时，考生可以利用猜词等技巧来读懂词汇，可以通过上下文语境来推测词汇含义;对于托福阅读题型解答也要掌握一些技巧。比如细节类题型解答时可以利用排除等手段高效解题，推论题、修辞目的题可以利用题目本身的特点来锁定答案等等。
托福阅读长难句：性别不平等
Inequalities of gender have also existed in pastoralist societies, but they seem to have been softened by the absence of steep hierarchies of wealth in most communities, and also by the requirement that women acquire most of the skills of men, including, often, their military skills. (TPO14, 46)
inequality n. 不平等
pastoralist /'p?st?r?list/ n. 田园诗的作者，畜牧者
steep /sti?p/ adj. 陡峭的;(价格或要求)过高的，不合理的
hierarchy /'ha??rɑ?k?/ n. 等级制度
我是分界线哦，大家先一遍速读
Inequalities of gender have also existed in pastoralist societies, but they seem to have been softened (by the absence of steep hierarchies of wealth) (in most communities),and (also by the requirement) (that women acquire most of the skills of men),(including, often, their military skills). (TPO14, 46)
分析：
这句话的重点其实就是：they seem to have been softened
修饰一：(by the absence of steep hierarchies of wealth) ，介词短语
中文：没有严格的财富等级制度
修饰二：(in most communities) ，介词短语
中文：在大多数群落中
修饰三：(also by the requirement) ，介词短语，注意这里的also by the requirement和by the absence of steep hierarchies of wealth是并列的
中文：也需要
修饰四：(that women acquire most of the skills of men)，从句
中文：女性获得大多数男人的技能
修饰物：( including, often, their military skills)，介词短语
中文：包括常用军事技能
翻译：
性别不平等也已经存在于畜牧主义社会，但由于在大多数群落中并没有严格的财富等级制度，以及要求女性获得大多数男人的技能像军事技能，这种不平等似乎已经被缓解。
这个句子的主要修饰成分就是从句和介词短语，大家务必想清楚，每一个修饰成分修饰的是什么，才能看清楚这个句子的结构。
托福阅读长难句：玛雅人搜集雨水
The explanation is that the Maya excavated depressions, or modified natural depressions, and then plugged up leaks in the karst by plastering the bottoms of the depressions in order to create reservoirs, which collected rain from large plastered catchment basins and stored it for use in the dry season. (TPO14,49)
excavate /'eksk?ve?t/ v. 挖掘;发掘
depression n. 沮丧，忧愁;经济萧条;凹地，洼地
plug /pl?g/ v. 堵塞，填塞
karst /kɑ?st/ n. 水蚀石灰岩地区，喀斯特地貌
plaster /'plɑ?st?/ v. 用灰泥涂抹
catchment /'k?t?m?nt/ n. 集水,蓄水,蓄贮的水
我是分界线哦，大家先一遍速读。
The explanation is that the Maya excavated depressions, or modified natural depressions, and then plugged up leaks (in the karst) (by plastering the bottoms of the depressions) (in order to create reservoirs), (which collected rain from large plastered catchment basins and stored it for use in the dry season).(TPO14, 49)
分析：
这个句子的主干就是The explanation is that the Maya excavated depressions, or modified natural depressions, and then plugged up leaks
中文：这个解释是玛雅人挖掘低地或者改造天然低地，然后用灰泥填满裂缝
修饰一：(in the karst)，介词短语
中文：在水蚀石灰岩地区
修饰二：(by plastering the bottoms of the depressions)，介词短语
中文：用灰泥填满低地底部
修饰二：(in order to create reservoirs) ，介词短语
中文：目的是为了创造水库
修饰三：(which collected rain from large plastered catchment basins and stored it for use in the dry season) ，从句，注意从句中有一个并列结构
中文：它用来收集大型灰泥蓄水盆地的雨水，并储存起来以备在旱季使用
参考翻译：
这个解释是玛雅人挖掘低地或者改造天然低地，然后用灰泥填满低地底部水蚀石灰岩的裂缝以创造水库，它用来收集大型灰泥蓄水盆地的雨水，并储存起来以备在旱季使用。
这个句子的主要修饰成分就是从句和介词短语，大家务必想清楚，每一个修饰成分修饰的是什么，才能看清楚这个句子的结构。
托福阅读长难句：英国电视广告
The Independent Television Commission, regulator of television advertising in the United Kingdom, has criticized advertisers for “misleadingness”—creating a wrong impression either intentionally orunintentionally—in an effort to control advertisers' use of techniques that make it difficult for children to judge the true size, action, performance, or construction of a toy. (TPO14, 52)
我是分界线，大家先测试一遍速读是否理解
The Independent Television Commission, (regulator of television advertising in the United Kingdom), has criticized advertisers for “misleadingness”(—creating a wrong impression either intentionally or unintentionally—)(in an effort)(to control advertisers' use of techniques)(that make it difficult for children to judge the true size, action, performance, or construction of a toy.)
分析：
修饰一：(regulator of television advertising in the United Kingdom) ，同位语
中文：英国电视广告的管理者
修饰二：(—creating a wrong impression either intentionally or unintentionally—)，破折号和非谓语动词
中文：他们有意或无意营造了一个错误的印象
修饰三：(in an effort) ，介词短语
中文：努力
修饰四：(to control advertisers' use oftechniques)，非谓语动词
中文：控制广告商对技术的使用
修饰五：(that make it difficult forchildren to judge the true size, action, performance, or construction of a toy.) ，从句，修饰techniques
中文：这些技术使孩子很难去判断玩具的真实大小、动作、性能以及构造
参考翻译：
英国电视广告的管理者即独立电视委员会批评广告商的“误导”(他们有意或无意营造了一个错误的印象)，他们努力控制广告商对技术的使用，这些技术使孩子很难去判断玩具的真实大小、动作、性能以及构造。
这个句子的主要修饰成分就是从句、非谓语动词、同位语、介词短语，大家务必想清楚，每一个修饰成分修饰的是什么，才能看清楚这个句子的结构。
首先，小编认为，托福口语虽然是一门语言能力考试，其考试形式是以学生用口语回答而非书面写作为主，但语言能力的体现离不开对考生英语基础能力和积累知识的运用，这其中就包括了词汇、语法、句式等各个方面的语料资源。而这些资源数量庞大，根据口语不同题目的变化也有很大的需求，考生如果没有经历过一定的背诵记忆环节，很难积累起足以应对托福口语考试的语料。从这个角度来说，托福口语备考当然需要背资料。
托福口语哪些资料需要背?
当然，托福口语要背资料，但也绝不代表着考生无论是什么和口语考试相关的资料都需要背，小编认为托福口语虽然资料众多，也分为不同类别，但其中真正需要大家专门花时间去认真记住的资料也并不算太多。一般来说，考生需要认真去背的资料主要有这几类：
1. 口语常用词汇，搭配和句式
2. 名人名言俚语谚语
3. 经典事例论据素材
4. 回答模板框架结构
5. 承上启下的连接词关系词逻辑词
以上这些内容，小编建议大家可以认真去背出来，并且通过练习掌握正确用法，至少也需要做到能在口语回答时不需要多加思考就能随口说出使用好的水平。而除了这些内容外，另一些和托福口语相关的资料在小编看来则基本上没有记忆的必要和价值，它们是：
1. 官方考题真题原题
2. 回答范例高分答案
3. 完整模板句式结构
上面这些内容，小编认为是没有记忆价值的，原因很简单，首先托福考试口语的题目就没必要去背，因为考试中考生很难遇到完全一模一样的题目，即使真的碰到类似的题目，其题目要求细节可能也会有所差别，考生需要的只是回答这道题目的思路而不是题目本身。其次回答范例和高分答案也是一样，大家在备考中对于这类素材的用法精髓在于学习其中好的地方，比如词汇运用句式结构等等，范例本身直接背出来毫无意义，如果在考试中直接套用还有抄袭雷同风险。完整模板也是一样，如今的ETS评分越来越智能化，机器评分功能即将登场，套路化的模板会很容易被发现而影响得分。因此，上面这三类资料大家就不必浪费时间去专门记忆背诵了。
背资料也要从实用性角度出发
最后，即便是对于需要大家去背的资料，小编认为考生在具体记忆的思路上也需要从实用性角度出发。无论是词汇句式还是案例素材，大家在记忆过程中都需要考虑到它们的实用性，比如这些素材能够被用到哪些题目中，我在回答时可以在哪里使用这些素材等等。独立而割裂的记忆对于提升托福口语不会有太多帮助，所有背出来的资料素材都能立即投入到实际口语答题中才有意义。而通过这种边记忆边运用的方式，大家也才能真正发挥出这些素材的价值，在考试中如臂挥指般自然流畅地使用出来。
关于托福口语备考到底要不要背资料的问题小编就为大家解答到这里，希望大家能够明确认识到托福口语的备考方法和正确思路，为考试做好充分的准备工作。
托福口语考试阅读的核心
一般来讲，任何一个段落无论长短都会涉及问题的一个方面，也就是说每个段落往往要围绕一个主题展开。如东一句，西一句，文章的脉络就不会清晰，读者也就无从抓住重点。段落无论长短都会有说明主题的句子，我们称它为主题句(Key Sentence / Topic Sentence)。抓住主题句就等于抓住了段落的中心。因而，准确判断并找出主题句相当重要。主题句一般会出现在段首或段尾，起概括全段的作用。主题句也可以出现在段中，同时还可以首尾呼应，段落结束时再次强调本段落的中心思想。请看下面的例子：
例1：阅读下面的段落：Students today socialise in ways quite unlike those of their parents. One of the primary differences is the use and abuse of drugs. During the ‘60s and ‘70s, students were known to smoke the odd joint and occasionally take harder substances, whereas according to recent polls, students today are using ever larger quantities of drugs on an ever more regular basis. Whilst cannabis is still the drug of choice among young people, synthetic drugs such as ecstasy and harder drugs such as cocaine and even heroine are being taken by an increasing number of students. Drugs are much more readily available to students and are much cheaper than ever before.段首句为主题句：“Students today socialize in ways quite unlike those of their parents.”它揭示了这段的中心思想是“现在的学生以一种不同于他们父母所采用的方式进行着社会活动。”余下的各个句子都是以具体的事例来支持说明这一中心论点的。例2：阅读下面的段落：We surveyed local residents in three university towns throughout the state to find out their opinions on the students in those towns. We questioned over three thousand people and found that since our last survey three years ago, attitudes towards students have changed considerably. “Lazy,” “scruffy” and “bad-mannered” was how more than 40% of those questioned described students, up from 22% in the last survey. This year only 25% considered students to be “polite” and “friendly” compared with 39% three years ago. Overall, 49% considered students to be a positive part of the town compared to 58% last time.这次调查发现，与三年前的一次调查相比，人们对于学生的态度产生了相当大的变化。这是本段的主题。然后用具体的百分比数字说明这一中心观点。主题句在段落中间。例3：阅读下面的段落：Now let’s look at an interesting example with color. If you own a blue car, you know it is blue, even it is in bright sunlight, in darkness or under a yellow street light. Your eyes tell you that it changes color in these different situations, but your brain knows better. You have learnt that cars don’t change color all time, and so your brain interprets the information your eyes give you.主题句在段尾：“你的大脑在解释你的眼睛传递给它的信息。”前面有关蓝色汽车的例子正是为说明这一观点服务的。
主题句固然可以很好地向读者说明段落的中心思想，但阅读中我们常常会发现，有时很难在具体的位置找到一个明显的能说明主题的句子。这时就需要我们对段落的整体内容进行归纳总结，高度概括提炼出它的中心思想。注意到了主题句的位置，抓住了主题句，就等于抓住了段落的中心思想。除此之外，阅读时还应注意一些进一步归纳总结的词汇和短语的使用以及其他一些措辞，因为这些词的使用可以就什么是主题为读者提供有用的线索。
托福考试口语节日类词汇
主要传统节日： carnival狂欢节(狂欢节是一个大斋节前的节日，人们狂欢作乐并宴饮。狂欢节的日期根据复活节的日期推定，但必须是2月的星期一);Christmas圣诞节(纪念耶稣基督诞生的节日, 12月25日);Easter Sunday (耶稣)复活节 (3月21日或其后月满之后的第一个星期天);Father’s Day父亲节(每年6月的第三个星期日);Mother’s Day 母亲节(在美国为五月的第二个星期日);Thanksgiving Day 感恩节(11月的最后一个星期四);Valentine's Day情人节(2月14日);Lantern Festival元宵节;Mid-Autumn Festival中秋节;New Year's day元旦;Spring Festival春节;etc.
其它词汇： Christmas cake / card / present / pudding / stocking / tree, Christmas Eve / time, colored lights, compliments, customs, fireplace, gifts, goodwill, habits, ham, privacy, ribbons(缎带，丝带)， rose, Santa Claus, shocking, tradition, Turkey, wreaths(花环，花冠)，etc.
常用短语： appropriate dress, break (follow, keep up) a custom 破坏、(遵从，遵守)习俗;celebrate Christmas, cultural differences, culture shock, Eastern and Western societies, go “Dutch”, manners and customs风俗习惯; proper behavior, religious customs, social customs, the Thanksgiving feast, etc.
常用句型： 1. Custom required our dressing for dinner. 礼俗要求我们参加宴会穿礼服。
2. It is an old custom that men tip their hats when greeting somebody.
3. It is the custom for the Chinese to take off their shoes when they get into a hall.
4. It is the custom to dye eggs at Easter.
5. Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year.
6. So many countries, so many customs. 有多少国家，就有多少习俗;百里不同风。
7. Social custom vary greatly from country to country.
8. The celebration of Christmas is a custom.
9. Turkey and ham are traditional dishes for Christmas.
10. When in Rome do as the Romans.
托福口语
As the technology of public transportation keeps advancing, more citizens can choose to dwell in the cities that are beneficial to their own development. Inevitably, there occurs a controversy whether moving to a new city or country will lead to the rupture of relationship among friends. From my perspective, I think the statement is not sensible.
Firstly, moving to a new country or city will not result in the loss of old friends. To be more specific, the maintenance of friendship doesn’t lie in how far they live with each other and the development of technology has diversified the ways of interacting with friends. The invention of cellphones break the shackles caused by distance and overseas students can choose to communicate with their family members and friends through a variety of Apps like WeChat that makes video calls possible. Except for that, by looking at the pictures popping up all over the social media like Facebook, people can easily capture what is happening to their friends. For instance, my friend Selina took selfie in the Sydney Opera House a week ago and I would learn that she was having fun in the Australia with her picture posted on the Instagram. Therefore, a wide range of advanced electronic gadgets can be used to sustain friendship.
Moreover, instead of losing old friends, city migrants can even enlarge their social circles and achieve more success. Restricted in a city for a long period, people may be trapped in a situation that would block their development and they can gain refreshing experience while immigrating to a new city. My friend of Mine named Michael served as a Market Analyst in a renewed company in Beijing. However, he couldn’t see any progress in recent years and then an opportunity comes out. Because of his five-year working experience, a foreign trade cooperation tried to recruit him as the Market Analyst because the firm was planning to start a new program. Then he grasped the chance and earn a challenging life that he likes even though he was required to work in Shanghai. Our relationship have not experienced any interruption and his strong ability of being adapted to the new environment helps him to make lots of new friends. Accordingly, moving to a new city can, occasionally, help to break the deadlock in our professions.
Admittedly, it can be sensible that friends can be estranged owing to the long distance with each other. Specifically speaking, the chances to meet with each other will be limited a lot. However, as I just put, for one thing, people can talk with each other through various social network software. For another thing, the distance between cities is not a problem anymore since there have been many public transportation tools like the high-speed trains and airplanes that will lead us to anyplace we try to go in a very short period.
In a word, moving to a new city or a new country is good choice under some circumstance. Besides, the highly developed technology can help to strengthen the relations with our friends and the possibilities of living a different life and achieving success can both explain why I stand by the statement that it is a good thing to move.
托福写作模板:如何提升社区环境
9月3日托福独立写作真题：
What is the most useful action for people to help environment in their local communities?
1. Plant trees and create parks
2. Persuade local shops to stop providing plastic bags for consumers
3. Increase access to public transportation (such as buses and trains), and reduce the automobiles on roads
托福写作范文参考:
209月3日托福独立写作范文：
With the sense of community becoming much stronger, how to protect the environment of local communities has never failed to attract the attention of the general public. Therefore, when it comes to which is the most feasible measure to help environment, among planting trees and building parks, encouraging local shops to stop using plastic bags, and improving public transportation, people's notions may vary from one to another. Towards such a long-running tug-of-war, I am inclined to claim that the first option is the best.
Firstly, growing trees and constructing parks can definitely help to ameliorate the environment. For one thing, more trees will contribute to the improvement of the air quality of the whole neighborhood. As is common sense, the prosperous industrial development has produced large amounts of waste gas, with the result that the haze and smoggy weather shroud quite frequently the major cities in our country. The current air condition necessitates the planting of trees, which can purify the contaminated air to a large extent. In other words, trees, the lung of the earth, play a vital role in absorbing some harmful gas and producing more fresh air through photosynthesis. For another, the public parks can be helpful to increase the biodiversity of the local community. Accompanying the rapid urbanization, an increasing number of natural lands have been utilized for constructing factories, shopping mall and skyscrapers, which greatly diminishes the natural habitats of animals, such as birds and squirrels. In this case, parks become the only place which can serve as habitats for those animals. Accordingly, the species of animals living here can become more diverse.
In addition, there are certain limitations for the other two options. Admittedly, reducing the use of plastic bags and making public transportation more accessible may also be conducive to the environmental protection in some degrees. To illustrate, if the plastic bags are prohibited, the so-called white pollution will be relieved. Also, easier access to public transportation means less use of private cars, which leads to the reduction of car exhaust. However, in comparison to planting trees and building parks, the above two measures enjoy less popularity among the residents of the community and thus are unlikely to be implemented. The underlying reason is that growing trees and constructing parks can create a more comfortable living environment while the other two choices can bring about more inconvenience. To be more specific, if shops stop the use of plastic shopping bags, the customers have to take a cloth bag while shopping. Also, taking public transportation will take longer time than driving the private cars, which means that commuters have to get up much earlier than before. It is self-evident that whether a policy can be carried out directly determines its effect, which is especially true of the above situation.
Taking what has been discussed above, we can draw the conclusion that the most effective way of protecting environment in local communities is to plant trees and create parks.
托福写作模板:了解跟你观点相反的人更重要
It is more important to read and watch news presented by people whose opinion is different from your own view than by people whose opinion are similar to yours.
托福写作范文参考:
托福听力如何提升备考效率?3个重要步骤不可不会
托福听力高效备考步骤：词汇累积
想要提高自己听力的反应速度，词汇的积累是很重要的一步。一些重要的场景词汇往往也是最为重要的，直接理解场景词对于你快速理解听力内容有很多帮助。同时，在听力过程中习语、俚语的积累，我们在平时也应该时刻关注到，这都会为大家之后的解题提供参考。
托福听力高效备考步骤：巩固基础
当然，在所有托福考试的同学里，每个人的起点和英语能力都是不一样的。所以，对于听力练习来说，也许很多同学很快能够上手，同时进步很快;而有些同学却会感到非常吃力，且觉得并没有什么太大的帮助。所以，当你觉得听写对于自己没有太大作用的时候，并不能放弃，需要的就是坚持。与此同时，我们也可以回头在去回顾一下自己的词汇和语法基础知识，如果在这些基础环节上加以巩固，也会让自己的听力水平能更加顺利的提升加强。
托福听力高效备考步骤：错题回顾
另外，考生想要提升托福听力能力，就需要一定的题目练习，但是，这也并不同于“题海战术”， 对于做完的练习也不能就是对个答案就是草草了事。小编认为，对于做过的每道题目，听过的每篇文章，读懂读透才是关键。而我们在练习听力的过程中则更是如此，相信很少有同学能够在听写一篇文章的时候，顺利的记录下每一个单词。所以，在每一次的听力练习之后，大家一定要重听一遍自己的听力练习材料，找到听不出的词语或是生词，从而获得进一步的提升。
新托福听力备考：单句练习
1. Unlike her husband, Alice believes that it is useless to subscribe to more than one news- magazine.
和丈夫不一样，艾丽丝认为订阅一份以上的新闻杂志毫无用处。
2. The medicine made him drowsy so he wasn’t able to drive while taking it.
这药使他产生困意，所以他在服药期间不能开车。
3. The flight attendant took control of the plane after the pilot had had a heart attack.
驾驶员心脏病发作后服务员控制了飞机。
4. He makes a better husband than father.
与其说他是个好父亲不如说他是个好丈夫。
5. After several months the problem continues to be discussed.
已经过去了几个月了，这个问题仍继续讨论。
6. I’d like to know more about the religions of the world.
我想多了解点世界的宗教。
7. Richard shouldn’t have forgotten that yesterday was his wife’s birthday.
理查得不应该忘记昨天是他妻子的生日。
8. Mr. Grent told his family that he was opposed to purchasing an additional television set.
格兰特先生对他的家人说他反对额外购买一台电视机。
9. I was born in Canada, but my parents brought me to the United States shortly afterwards.
我生于加拿大，但之后不久我的父母把我带到美国。
10. The secret to success is hard work.
成功的秘密在于勤奋。
11. After two appointments with the eye doctor and a new pair of glasses, Carol still isn’t seeing well.
与眼科医生约会了两次和又配了一副眼镜之后，卡洛尔的视力仍不见好。
12. There is no difference between the twin girls except their height.
这两位孪生姐妹除了身高之外没有什么不同的地方。
13. The man had his dirty car washed at last.
这个男子最后还是让人把脏乎乎的汽车洗了。
14. Catching fish is lots of fun, but I can do without cleaning them.
钓鱼别有一番情趣，不过我可不愿意洗它们。(do without：希望没有。)
15. The lecture to be held in the auditorium is open to the public and free of charge.
即将在礼堂举行的讲座对外开放而且免费。
16. Mr. Butler usually goes to work by subway, but this morning he took the bus.
巴特勒先生通常乘地铁去上班，但今天早晨他坐了公共汽车。
17. The whole neighborhood likes Mrs. White in spite of her odd habits.
整个街坊都很喜欢怀特夫人，虽然她的习惯很古怪。
18. The weather has been generally cold all week, but a slight increase in temperature is expected tomorrow.
总的来说，整个星期天气一直很冷，但明天气温可望略微上升。
19. The more money Don makes, the more his wife spends.
唐挣的钱越多，他妻子花得也越多。
20. You can’t pick up your film today because it’s not developed yet, and since we’re closed tomorrow, the earliest you can get it is Friday.
你的胶卷今天不能取走，因为还没有冲洗出来。由于明天我们闭店，你最早可以在星期五来取。
新托福听力备考：单句练习
1. Having submitted its report, the committee adjourned until the next meeting.
委员会递交了报告后便休会了，一直到下次会议。
2. Although groceries were high, the family managed to get by on sixty dollars a week.
尽管食品价格很高，全家人设法靠每周60美元勉强过得去。
3. Mary thought that the dress would fit, but she had to exchange it later.
马利原以为衣服会合适，但后来又不得不去换。
4. The workers are threatening to go on strike unless the company raises the hourly wage.
工人们威胁要继续罢工，除非公司提高工资。
5. Slightly more than 25 percent of the students in the class come from Spanish-speaking countries.
班上略微多于百分之二十五的学生来自说西班牙语的国家。
6. When the pianist had finished, the audience stood up and gave him a hand.
钢琴家演奏完毕之后，观众纷纷站起来与他握手。
7. Jennifer is allergic to seafood, so I’ll have to change my menu for Saturday night.
杰尼佛对海物过敏，所以我不得不改变星期六晚上的菜谱。
8. The court found the man innocent of murdering his wife.
法院认定该男子没有杀害妻子，判他无罪。
9. The contractor advised the couple not to paint their house until the weather warmed up a little.
承包商建议这夫妻俩等天气稍微暖和点时再刷房子。
10. It’s too bad Mr. Nelson’s son couldn’t have found a more comfortable apartment to live in.
真是太糟糕了，纳尔逊的儿子找不到一个舒适点的公寓住。
11. The professor suggests that we write in ink on alternate lines so that he can make corrections in pencil.
教授建议我们用墨水隔行写，这样他可以用铅笔批改。(alternate:交替的。)
12. She is unqualified to fill the position as executive secretary of the firm.
她没有资格坐公司执行秘书这个位置。(executive secretary: 行政或执行秘书，执行干事，负责组织及管理某一机构或团体的活动及其日常事务。)
13. Having worked for the same company for many years, he is convinced of the superiority of its products.
他在同一公司干了许多年了，十分确信他的产品的优越性。
14. Because the lecturer failed to come to the point quickly, the class was dismissed an hour late.
由于讲座人未能够很快地说到点子上，课晚下了一个小时。
15. Although there was a lack of interest to begin with, the main reason that they postponed the picnic was the rain.
尽管缺乏开始的兴趣，他们推迟野餐的主要原因是有雨。
16. At the bank, Bill is second in command.
彼尔是继佛兰克之后第二个说了算的人。
17. The price of the room for two is 25 dollars, but with one extra person, it’ll be 29 dollars.
两个人住的房间价格是25美元，但是增加一个人的话就是29美元了。
18. The play should have begun at eight, but the curtain didn’t rise until half past eight.
演出应该在八点开始，但是在八点半幕才拉开。
19. I find your grammar and organization above average, Bob, but your spelling could stand some improvement.
鲍伯,我发现你的语法和组织超过一般，可你的拼写应有所改进。
20. I would never have lent Mike my car if I had known that he had a past record of driving violations.
如果我知道麦克过去曾有过违章驾驶记录的话，我是根本不会把我的汽车借给他的。
托福阅读提升学习效率3个备考要点讲解
明确托福阅读真正考点
考生在托福阅读备考中的重点在于适应答题的环境和节奏。这需要考生把握托福阅读文章内容和明确托福阅读题目考点。所以，考生要提升基础阅读能力，从词汇、语法和文章结构出发备考，要把握托福考试的8000词汇，在学习词汇时不仅要知道单词的汉语意思也要掌握词汇用法;要提高长难句的分析能力，要在备考中多阅读相关文章，提高阅读能力。
学会托福阅读机经真题正确用法
这里提到的真题包括托福阅读考试回顾、托福阅读官方真题Official以及托福阅读预测机经。对于托福阅读考试回顾，考生要从中把握本次考试的话题是什么、话题所属学科、话题具体背景知识;尤其熟记考过的词汇;对于托福阅读官方真题Official，考生可以分析文章中所有不懂的词汇以及难句并通过全文翻译来扫清理解障碍，也可以根据不同话题文章的写作特点来总结多个话题文章写作思路;考生也要利用官方真题Official题目来测试自己的阅读水平，深入分析题目类型和熟悉运用答题策略。
掌握托福阅读高效解题技巧
在托福阅读备考使用官方真题Official题目时，考生可以对每种托福阅读题型有足够了解，从中巩固题目答题策略。但是考生的短期提升只有策略是不足的，因为短期掌握的策略在遇到有难度文章或者不熟悉的题目时都帮助不大。所以考生可以掌握一些答题技巧。比如在文章中遇到难题时，考生可以利用猜词等技巧来读懂词汇，可以通过上下文语境来推测词汇含义;对于托福阅读题型解答也要掌握一些技巧。比如细节类题型解答时可以利用排除等手段高效解题，推论题、修辞目的题可以利用题目本身的特点来锁定答案等等。
新托福阅读题解析：脑偏侧优势
学科分类Biology
题目：Cerebral Lateralization
内容回忆：人的大脑由左右半脑组成，通过神经纤维连接。左半脑控制右边身体，右半脑控制左边身体，这叫做脑的偏侧优势(cerebral lateralization)。脑的偏侧优势是什么时候形成的呢?早期的研究认为这种偏侧优势出现在人的幼儿时期，定型于成年时期。而之后的研究表明，脑的偏侧优势在胎儿时期就已经存在，而出生后就会表现出来。X.X的研究发现，4岁左右没有表现出明显的左撇子或右撇子倾向的孩子，协调能力更好一些。
词汇题：integrating; assume; implication
新托福阅读题解析：蜥脚类恐龙
2017年4月15日托福阅读Passage 3
学科分类Biology
题目：Did Sauropods live in Swamps?
内容回忆：Sauropods传统认为他生活在水中，long neck 伸出水面呼吸，leg 可以支持在地面上缓慢行走。然后设问：neck 不是用来伸出水面呼吸的，那作用是什么? Sauropods 的脖子跟长颈鹿有些像，为了够到tall tree? 但又有人反对。B这个品种或许可以， 但ACD三种都不行。有个专家分析一个品种的fossil， 说neck向上伸的高度limited，还有两个专家用电脑模拟，发现另外两个品种也limited
新托福阅读题解析：大陆漂移
大陆漂移Continental Drift
分别说了4个不同的scientist在大陆漂移学说方面做出的学术研究。首先是一个人发现了同样extinct的物种在不同大陆的fossil，他认为是因为那个时候有大陆桥(continental bridge)。第二个人认为大陆是由更大的陆地板块分裂而来的，因为那个时候月球进入了地球的引力范围，所以产生潮汐力使得大陆板块分裂，他的证据是一个海底的mountain chain。第三个人写了一本monumental的著作，提出了本来是个supercontinent然后分裂的说法，其证据有二：一是和当时的海岸线吻合，二是fossil体现出的古生物特征吻合。最后一个人支持前一个人的理论并且发现了一个有力的证据：一种淡水生物，在南非和古巴均有，而这种生物不可能在海水中游了这么远去寻找另一个环境中条件差不多的淡水。最后，即使有这么多证据，当时很多地质学家还是不愿意接受这一理论。
新托福阅读题目解析
A卷
Debate about the earliest calendars
重复2016.05.22
Historical Trends in European Urban Design
重复2015.04.18
Bird Colonies
重复2014.04.19
Nitrogen in Crops
新题，加试文章
B卷
Why Did Nonavian Dinosaurs Became Extinct?
重复2016.07.10
Climate of the Past
重复2016.07.09
Gondwana
重复2015.06.13
C卷
The Qualities of a Good Trout Stream
重复2016.12.03
Historical Trends in European Urban Design
重复2015.04.18
Flightless Bird
重复2014.12.21
D卷
Cerebral Lateralization
重复2016.07.02
Historical Trends in European Urban Design
重复2015.04.18
Did Sauropods live in Swamps?
重复2015.09.17加场
ETS连续多次在每场考试中设置加试，并增加每场的文章篇数，旨在测大家的基本功和心里素质!!还好，文章难度并不大，皆为之前考过的文章和TPO中出现的相关话题,切记不要慌张!
新托福阅读考情回忆版本一：
Passage1: nitrogen。氮对于植物的重要性，氮可以由打雷和被微生物分解而合成，种了庄稼后氮会变少，氮有人为的添加方式，比如种豆类植物，氮肥，氮的新应用导致英国工业革命对比非洲不断的换耕地
Passage2: early calendar。一种最早发现的在骨头上做记号的日历，然后为什么会认为这个是日历，科学家提出刻这个骨头的古人类可能会抽象思考，以及其他的各种观点反驳，比如这个记号可能是因为用来磨武器造成的
Passage3: flightless birds的演化。有些鸟住在温暖的地方，不用迁移，也没有什么捕食者，所以翅膀就渐渐退化了。最早的flightless bires大概出现在恐龙灭绝之后，有一种鸟只吃植物，为了能够消化植物，它们的消化器官会很重，而会飞的鸟很少以吃植物为生，它们要尽可能的保持体重最小。很多动物进化出了手，而鸟没有，但有些鸟也进化出了类似于手的部位，可以capture preys
Passage4: 人类放弃打猎开始从事农业的一系列理论
Passage5: 可以通过ice和ocean sediments来推测地球当时的温度和大气组成
Passage6: 建筑风格和城市发展。文艺复兴时期的建筑风格，有个建筑师建造了新风格的城市，城市因不同的功能分成了不同的区
Passage7: 左脑与右脑的不同功能，和左撇子与右撇子的研究
Passage8: 南半球的大陆讨论，后引出大陆漂移和版块构造
Passage9: 恐龙灭绝，造成灭绝的原因，如气候，环境因素等
含部分加试题目。
新托福阅读考情回忆版本二：
Passage One
学科分类：Science
题目：Climate of the past
内容回忆：
1. Ice layers can provide information of the past climate, top layers are
recently produced and bottom of the layers are formed for many
years.
2. Air bubbles in the ice can yield climate information as well. By
investing the gases in the bubbles, the correlation and connection of
carbon dioxide and temperature are revealed.
3. Some sea sediments can also tell information of the climate.
词汇题：
1. Compacted=compressed together
2. associated =related
3. sensitive to =responsible for
4. constructed=created
Passage Two
学科分类：Biology
题目：Becoming Flightless
内容回忆：
1. There are two conditions of becoming flightless. First is no need to
migrate to warm conditions. Second is no predators.
2. South America has a special bird which has no predators, this result
flightless.
3. Flightless has advantages. Flightless birds can feed on plants due to
their digestion system which is so heavy for flight birds
4. Flightless birds have larger eggs which can provide embryo more
nutrients
5. Why most flightless birds didn't evolve to hands? Maybe due to their
beak which can manipulate objects. However, some birds evolve to hands and paws.
词汇题：
1. Vacated= recall
2. Manipulate =handle
3. Speculate =understand
4. Exclusively=only
Passage Three
学科分类：Ecology
题目：Some qualities of a good trout stream
内容回忆：
1. Some streams have common qualities for trout ( a kind of bird)
2. Cool-cold water
3. Smooth-slowing water
4. Cover and shelter
5. Abundant insects
6. Areas for building nests
7. Conclude all the conditions for trout
词汇题：
1. robust =healthy
2. optimal =ideal
3. obstruction =阻碍
4. predominantly=主要的，显著的
点评
1. 本次考试继续了从今年3月4日以来出现的每场考试10余篇考题随机组合出试卷的方式，并且参考的考生大多数人都会经历阅读非经典加试。虽然考试之后通过考题回顾与对答案，考生会发现自己和别人考了几乎完全不同的考题，但是文章的主题涉及到的学科与背景知识还是万变不离其宗：生物、历史、地质。其中除加试以外的考题多会重复两年以内的旧题，同学们需要在复习时更加关注并熟悉两年以内的鸡精内容。另外试题与其他考生不同不会影响自己的考试成绩，加试试题也不一定是自己见到的最后一篇，考试的时候试题顺序随机分布，考生还是不能心存侥幸的，要认真对待每一道试题。
2.本次考试除了上述6篇文章之外，还涉及到的文章有：a)左右脑功能与左右撇子研究，人的左右脑控制不一样的区域，且功能不同，有些是天生就有的才能而有些不是，人有左右脑的使用偏好;b)欧洲城镇设计的历史趋势 Historical trends in European Urban Design： 建筑风格和城市发展，文艺复兴时期的建筑风格，有个H建筑师创造了新风格的城市，城市因不同的功能被分成不同的地区;建筑风格从和以前相同逐渐演变成城市建筑那种很高的混凝土水泥或者玻璃幕墙房子;c)马的种类进化与农业 (话题重复2015年1月11、11月14、12月19考题)：一开始人们用牛作为农耕主力，后来变成了马，两种动物生理构造不一样，所以用在动物身上的犁车不同。人们的生活方式从打猎转化成农业，原因在于气候变化，但是种地之后更累，还要预防传染病、水污染、细菌污染，此外还要养家畜;d)古代气候的研究：通过冰层里的气体、尘埃(dust)和生物化石来推测过去的气温、大气的组成等，其中化石方面可以把获得的动物化石按照时间排列以研究过去温度变化，其中小的啮齿类动物(rodent)的化石更可靠。e)Passage 2 某蜥蜴脚恐龙的栖息地Did Sauropods Live in Swamps：某蜥蜴脚恐龙(sauropod)，一开始被认为是水生动物，后来发现是陆生的，其中一种证据是关于它的脖子能不能伸长，举了类比长颈鹿的例子，其中提到了landmass bridge和地壳运动。
3. 通过整理我们发现，生物、历史话题所考察的重点越来越集中化，近期常见的主题有如生物中的鸟类(TPO 11 Begging by Nestlings，TPO 11 Orientation and Navigation)、鱼类(OG Swimming Machines，TPO2 The Origin of Cetaceans)、植物生长与生态系统(TPO 5 Minerals and Plants，TPO 26 Survival of Plants and Animals in Desert Conditions);历史中的农业进化和农具发展(TPO 21 The Origin of Agriculture，TPO 23 Seventeenth-Century Agriculture)、生活方式变迁(TPO 14 Patoralism in Ancient Inner Eurasia)、城镇化发展(TPO 24 Moving into Pueblos)、人类思维的进化(TPO 33 The First Civilizations);地理类的考古与气候变化(TPO 10 Variations in Climate，TPO 46 Ecosystem Diversity and Stability)。而地理地质类主题除了单独出题外，还会和以上话题进行融合，从而增加考试内容的复杂性。
4.这次的词汇题都属于频繁考过的常规词义，难度并不大，复习时还是需要重视TPO词汇题和鸡精词汇。
考试预测
无论是哪一热点话题，都会和人类、社会联系在一起，同学们在备考刷题的同时注意去理解文章的背景以及一些原理，不要硬抠字眼。TPO不光要刷，还要仔细读原文以理解文章的背景信息。另外考试时间因为加试的频繁出现会自然而然延续到80分钟，同学们平时练习时还需要加强做题耐力方面的训练，以防考试的时候不适应而影响发挥。
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