以下是小编精心整理的托福备考从100分到110分经验(共含9篇),希望对大家有所帮助。同时,但愿您也能像本文投稿人“与猫共舞”一样,积极向本站投稿分享好文章。
托福备考从100分到110分 阅读还需要怎么练?
进一步提升长难句应对技巧
托福考试能够考到一百分,或者说阅读能够拿到25分的同学,在应对阅读长难句方面一般都是问题不太大的,很多考生即使长难句看起来仍然有点吃力,但也会有一些能够在避免长难句干扰的前提下正确解答题目的经验技巧。但如果大家还想要让阅读得分跟上一层楼,那么面对长难句,就必须具备能够直接看懂的正面突破能力而不能总想着看到长难句绕着走。所以,考生在阅读备考中,首先要做的就是学会拆分解读长难句,并在此基础上锻炼出快速阅读和理解长难句的能力。托福阅读25分而不是30分,对于长难句的处理可能在细节上还有一些问题,有时候仍会出现一些纰漏。考生如果能够进一步提升托福阅读长难句的应对能力,那么阅读提分也会更有把握。
学会拆分各段落结构找观点
除了长难句外,考生另一个可以进一步提升的提分点就在于看懂段落结构。25分阶段的考生想要找到各个段落的中心句主旨句应该已经有一定经验,但能否找得快找得准,能否快速区分出每个段落中的主旨内容和细节部分,这其中其实还是有一些提升空间的。而且托福阅读文章也并非每篇每段都是先主旨后细节的结构,不同类型的文章,比如议论文和说明文在文章段落结构上就存在明显差异,还有些比较奇葩的文章也有可能把主旨句藏头露尾,这也需要考生掌握一定技巧才能顺利找对内容。总之,学会拆分托福阅读文章的各个段落,准确高效地找到观点主旨区分出细节论据,这也是考生需要努力的提升方向。
强化总结题型的得分能力
最后,很多托福考生之所以只拿到25分而不是30分,很多时候问题都是处在阅读的最后一题,也就是六选三总结题型上。这个题型独特的解题要求以及和边读文章边做题模式格格不入的解题思路,总是会让很多同学遭遇挫败。因此,如果大家的目标是进一步提分,尽可能保证和提升总结题的得分能力也是必不可缺的。了解总结题的题型特点,摸清做题的具体方式,之后通过实际训练来分析出选项对错并提升答题熟练度积累解题经验,这些方式都能够帮助大家在面对总结题时更为游刃有余地进行解答,从而让托福阅读得分更上一层楼。
托福阅读背景知识汇总之Lava
Lava
Lava is magma that breaks the surface and erupts from a volcano. If the magma is very fluid, it flows rapidly down the volcano’s slopes. Lava that is stickier and less fluid moves slower. Lava flows that have a continuous, smooth, ropy, or billowy surface are called pahoehoe (pronounced path HOH eel hob eel) flows; while a (pronounced ah ah) flows have a jagged surface composed of loose, irregularly shaped lava chunks. Once cooled, pahoehoe forms smooth rocks, while a a forms jagged rocks. The words pahoehoe and a are Hawaiian terms that describe the texture of the lava. Lava may also be described in terms of its composition and the type of rock it forms. Basalt, andesitic, decides, and hyalite is all different kinds of rock that form from lava. Each type of rock, and the lava from which it forms, contains a different amount of the compound silicon dioxide. Basaltic lava has the least amount of silicon dioxide, andesitic and deictic lava have medium levels of silicon dioxide, while holistic lava has the most.
托福阅读背景知识汇总之吉他简史
吉他简史(英文版)
A Brief History of the Guitar
There is evidence that a four string, guitar-like instrument was played by the Hittites (who occupied a region now known as Asia Minor and Syria) around 1400 BC. It had characteristically soft, curved sides--one of the primary features of anything identifiable as a guitar or predecessor. The Greeks also produced a similar instrument which was later modified by the Romans, though both versions appear to have lacked the curved sides. What is interesting here is that it seems this Roman cithara appeared in Hispania (now known as Spain) centuries before the Moorish invasion.
It had long been assumed that it was only after this invasion and the introduction of the Arabic due in the South that a guitar-like instrument first appeared in Spain. But with the Roman cithara arriving centuries prior, we might say that although the due influenced the development of the guitar it is not the true ancestor. According to this theory, the Spanish guitar derived from the tan bur of the Hittites, kithara with a “k” of the Greeks and then the cithara with a “c” of the Romans.
However, following the arrival of the Moors, the Roman cithara and the Arabic due must have mixed and exerted mutual influences on one another for many centuries. Although there is no specific documentation, it is likely that makers of us and cithara’s would have seen each other's work, if only through presentation by traveling troubadours. By 1200 AD, the four string guitar had evolved into two types: the guitars maraca (Moorish guitar) which had a rounded back, wide fingerboard and several sound holes, and the guitars Latina (Latin guitar) which resembled the modern guitar with one sound hole and a narrower neck.
In the late 1400's, the visual was born by adding doubled strings and increasing its size. It was a large plucked instrument with a long neck (vibrating string length: 72 to 79 cm) with ten or eleven frets and six courses. It was the visual which became the preferred instrument of the Spanish and Portuguese courts and remained so until the late 1600's when orchestral and keyboard instruments became more prominent.
Although the guitar existed concurrently during this period, the visual and lute had overshadowed it until the end of the 17th century when the lute had acquired too many strings, was too hard to play and tune, and the visual was slowly replaced by the four and five course guitars (which had seven and nine strings respectively: one single high string, and three or four remaining courses--or pairs--of strings). It was perhaps the addition of the fifth course in the late 16th century that gave the guitar more flexibility and range and thus improved the potential of the repertoire that led to its ascent.
By the end of the 18th century and the beginning of the 19th, some guitars already used six single strings and employed fan struts under the soundboard. These struts were added for structural support to allow thinning of the top for greater resonance and for better distribution of sound across the board. Other contemporaneous developments included the use of a reinforced, raised neck using ebony or rosewood for the fingerboard, and the appearance of machine tuners in place of the wooden pegs. (It is noteworthy that the raised fingerboard had a great impact on the technique of the instrument since the strings were then too far from the soundboard to rest one's finger on the face for support.) These guitars would be unmistakably recognized by us as early classical guitars.
Beginning with the early 19th century, in the works of Agustin Caro, Manuel Gonzalez, Antonio de Lorca, Manuel Gutierrez from Spain and other European makers including Rene Lakota, and Johann Stauffer, we find the direct predecessors of the modern classical guitar. By 1850, the guitar was prepared for its most important breakthrough since its inception, the work of Antonio Torres Jordon. With the encouragement of Julian Arcos and his own brilliant intuitions, Torres refined the strutting of the guitar to include as many as seven struts spread out like a fan under the soundboard. He increased the body size and the width of the neck considerably. These improvements allowed for greater volume and bass response as well as the development of a left hand technique for richer repertoire. The guitar was now prepared for the demands of the solo performer and the concert stage.
Although there have been continued developments since the middle 1800's, our modern guitar retains most of what was developed nearly 150 years ago. No one can say if we have reached the end of the evolution of the guitar, but until now, many of the best guitars from the point of view of volume, projection and sheer beauty of tone were made by the great makers, Torres, Ramirez and Arias from the second half of the last century!
托福备考从100分到110分 阅读还需要怎么练?
进一步提升长难句应对技巧
托福考试能够考到一百分,或者说阅读能够拿到25分的同学,在应对阅读长难句方面一般都是问题不太大的,很多考生即使长难句看起来仍然有点吃力,但也会有一些能够在避免长难句干扰的前提下正确解答题目的经验技巧。但如果大家还想要让阅读得分跟上一层楼,那么面对长难句,就必须具备能够直接看懂的正面突破能力而不能总想着看到长难句绕着走。所以,考生在阅读备考中,首先要做的就是学会拆分解读长难句,并在此基础上锻炼出快速阅读和理解长难句的能力。托福阅读25分而不是30分,对于长难句的处理可能在细节上还有一些问题,有时候仍会出现一些纰漏。考生如果能够进一步提升托福阅读长难句的应对能力,那么阅读提分也会更有把握。
学会拆分各段落结构找观点
除了长难句外,考生另一个可以进一步提升的提分点就在于看懂段落结构。25分阶段的考生想要找到各个段落的中心句主旨句应该已经有一定经验,但能否找得快找得准,能否快速区分出每个段落中的主旨内容和细节部分,这其中其实还是有一些提升空间的。而且托福阅读文章也并非每篇每段都是先主旨后细节的结构,不同类型的文章,比如议论文和说明文在文章段落结构上就存在明显差异,还有些比较奇葩的文章也有可能把主旨句藏头露尾,这也需要考生掌握一定技巧才能顺利找对内容。总之,学会拆分托福阅读文章的各个段落,准确高效地找到观点主旨区分出细节论据,这也是考生需要努力的提升方向。
强化总结题型的得分能力
最后,很多托福考生之所以只拿到25分而不是30分,很多时候问题都是处在阅读的最后一题,也就是六选三总结题型上。这个题型独特的解题要求以及和边读文章边做题模式格格不入的解题思路,总是会让很多同学遭遇挫败。因此,如果大家的目标是进一步提分,尽可能保证和提升总结题的得分能力也是必不可缺的。了解总结题的题型特点,摸清做题的具体方式,之后通过实际训练来分析出选项对错并提升答题熟练度积累解题经验,这些方式都能够帮助大家在面对总结题时更为游刃有余地进行解答,从而让托福阅读得分更上一层楼。
总而言之,托福阅读25分虽然已经足以自傲,但如果大家对自己要求更高,想要挑战阅读满分或是托福110分,那么上面这些进一步备考提分的经验心得,还请大家认真学习起来。
托福阅读的文章出处及选材范围是什么
托福阅读技能贯穿了整个托福考试:听力题目选项的快速浏览、口语题干背景的准确把握、以及综合写作短篇论点论据的有效定位,均需要快速高效的阅读能力配合完成。从阅读分数所占的总分比重来看,托福阅读的重要性是不可忽视的。
一、托福阅读文章出处以及选材范围
作为一项语言能力测试,托福阅读备考是考查考生能否具备足够的语言交流能力,以期在北美完成正常的学习任务和研究工作。因此,其阅读文章原型大都选自美国大学本科生使用的教材,以达到最佳的模拟测试效果。文章的选材范围极其广泛,涉及有自然科学包括:天文学、地质学、生物学、气象学等;人文科学包括:艺术美学、考古学、语言学、文学等;社会科学包括:政治学、经济学、教育学、人类学等交叉学科。
从选材范围可见:托福阅读的文章内容对考生知识存储量的广度有一定的要求,但同时考虑到考生来自于不同的专业,对于其他学科往往不具备专业素质,因此为了遵守考试公平性原则,文章均不对其所述及的学科做过多深入的探讨。
二、托福阅读的文章类型及篇章段落结构
根据托福阅读文章的出处及选材范围,我们可以将这些文章归为三类:说明文、议论文、史实文。三者合一统称为:学术性文章。这种类型的文章,必须具备说理性特质,即行文逻辑大都遵循着相对固定的结构模式。
一句话:托福阅读文章的篇章结构有规律可寻,段落组成有原则可守:
1. 学术性文章的篇章结构:
在学术性文章中,一般需要具备三个组成部分:
(1)Topic 话题:即文章的主角是什么。比如讲解某个科学理论、研究某种社会现象,探讨某个历史事件;
在托福文章中,这种导入性信息往往出现在篇首位置。考生可以根据篇首段信息对整篇文章所要讨论的核心内容有所了解;
(2)Aspects 方面:即将篇首的话题延伸拓展为若干个方面进行阐述说明。若话题为某个科学论点,则方面可能分为若干个支持论据;若话题为某种自然现象,则方面可能分为若干个内外成因;若话题为某个历史事件,则方面为几段发展时期;
在托福阅读文章中,往往依照各个方面之间的层次关系,将各个方面拆分为若干个独立的自然段落,共同组成行文主体;
(3)Attitude态度:即文章的作者对于所讨论话题持怎样的态度。或是积极肯定,或是消极否定,或是保持中立。
在托福阅读文章中,态度往往是被较多的淡化甚至有可能省略不提。
Topic话题 + Aspects方面 + Attitude态度,这三要素加起来就是标准学术论文体的“T+A+A篇章结构”。托福文章大都遵循这种结构,考生通过篇首段落信息来把控整个文章话题及大致讨论方向,再抓住文章的各个段落主旨,便可洞悉整个文章脉络和逻辑结构。
2. 学术性文章的段落结构
学术性文章的自然段落,一般需要具备两个组成部分:
(1) Topic Sentence 主旨句:表达段落的主旨,即本段想要表达的核心内容是什么;
(2) Detail 细节:为了详细说明段落中心含义,所罗列的相关支持内容,即本段通过哪些例证来阐明主旨句。
Topic Sentence主旨句 + Detail细节,这两个要素加起来就是标准学术论文体的“TS+D段落结构”。托福文章段落大都遵循这种结构,考生通过段落主旨句就可以把握该段的中心含义。
总结:当考生们了解了这种TAA篇章结构和TS+D段落结构的行文规律后,对文章框架的把握就会做到心里有数,更有利于提高阅读速度和定位有效信息的准确度。
三、托福阅读考试的量化指标
新托福阅读考试分为无阅读加试和有阅读加试两种。
无阅读加试的情况下,共有3篇文章,分为两个部分,第一部分为独立的1篇文章,考试时间为20分钟;第二部分为两篇文章,考试时间为40分钟,期间这两篇文章的考试时间可以自由分配。总体考试时间为两部分之和,即60分钟。
有阅读加试的情况下,在已有的3篇文章及60分钟答题时间的基础上,再加两篇文章,并作为一个部分,共计40分钟,加试期间的两篇文章的考试时间依然可以自由分配。总体考试时间为三部分之和,即100分钟。
托福阅读解题时应当养成哪些思路
1、在读托福阅读文章的第一段时,特别是第一句,往往给我们一个大致的思路,文章的论题是什么,作者想说什么?然后第二段的第一句,然后在想一想作者下面又想讲什么,这一段里有没有什么重要的细节。然后第三段,又讲了什么,这里面的重要细节又是什么。
几段下来,每次读的时候都要来个小小的总结。各个段落的目的是什么,主题又是什么?这样,在脑子里面形成一个作者思路图 ,在脑子里或者在草稿纸上画一个文章的结构思路题。
2、在回答问题前,花几秒钟总结一下文章大意,它的思路和主题。
再次提醒,新托福阅读考察的是你的答题能力而非托福阅读能力。你不必完全掌握整篇文章,了解文章中的每一个细节。(其实,你也没有那么多时间)。相反,你应该只读文章段落的第1句,而快速浏览其余部分。当你“读”完这篇文章时,你就能对文章的结构思路有总体的把握。
3、答题。根据你对托福阅读文章的整体思路来答题。将问题(或选项)定位到文章中具体的某个段落甚至具体的句子。因为你这样做完,你会觉得每一段的思路、脉络都会非常清晰,做题的时候,就可以很快找到出题点,而且对于偏离主题的题一眼就能看出,主题词就会显得格外明显。而实际中每一次的小结只需要几秒钟的一个停顿就可以,大家不妨试试,就会明白了。
在新托福阅读备考中,大家一定要仔细看托福阅读文章,将文章通读,遇到忘了的单词,在重新回来查书上的解释,然后再背。将文章精读,才能攻克托福阅读难关。
托福阅读的分值计算方法是什么
The Reading Section score is based on your performance on multiple-choice items. Except for the last question of each set, you received one point for each of the questions you answered correctly. The total points that you received were than converted to a score on a scale from 0-30. The reported score for the Reading Section will always be on this scale of 0-30.
The last question in each set is worth 2 points. These questions were scored as follows:
If you had: You received
1 correct answers 0 points
2 correct answers 1 point
3 correct answers 2 points
1. 这里所说的转换(convert),不同版本的试卷因难度不同有不同的转换标准,所以新托福阅读是没有固定的评分表的。
2. 所以,计算新托福阅读的分数,不要计算对多少题,而是算拿到多少原始分“Raw Point Total(0-45)”,然后再参照评分表,计算最后的分数(0-30)
托福115分学员自述 四科考试备考经验分享
【听力】
听力我把官方真题Official34套题一字一句的精听了两遍。第二遍用的是1.5倍速。其实我觉得托福的听力语速真的很慢。如果听不懂原因八成都是单词不认识或者不熟。所以我有把听力中不认识的单词都记了下来然后背过。另外,听力集中精力很重要,有时候一走神出题点就过去了,这就是我自己做题的时候基本上只错细节题的原因。
【阅读】
建议大家阅读不要用纸质资料练习。因为我个人的阅读速度受阅读材料的质感、排版甚至字号的影响很大。我阅读有做笔记的习惯,在演草纸上把梗概写下来,这对于最后文章概括题帮助还是很大的。阅读我也是把官方真题Official做了两遍多,有时候甚至做第二遍比第一遍收获还大。其实托福阅读的答案都很明显,有时候有一种初中政治题的感觉。每次错题基本上都是因为不细心,尤其是最后的总结题。阅读很需要把心静下来,有时候我觉得自己浮躁就去刷套阅读,效果显著。
另外,词汇题我下了一点点功夫,我把无老师的词汇题背了下来。帮助还是挺大的,不仅是对阅读。
【口语】
口语真是我又恨又爱的一科。最后这个26分也是差强人意。独立题最重要的就是多做多积累。我把亦鸥上的144道独立题全做了,都录了音,然后把每个题的答题思路都写了下来。后来我发现我竟然还两次上了亦鸥的勤奋榜。做完这些题就游刃有余多了,见招拆招。但是我觉得最近独立题在变难,所以考试的时候表现不是那么好。
关于综合题,还是要用好官方真题Official。我把官方真题Official里所有的综合题都做了然后录了音。刷题的过程中,我会找到适合每一题的语速,调整记笔记的方法,然后锻炼用自己的话来表达的能力。所以刷题还是很必要和有效的。
【写作】
到我的写作成绩我心都碎了。一战拿到写作30的时候就害怕保持不住,结果真就退步了。不过想到自己已经做了足够的努力,也就觉得分数不那么重要。
写作其实一直是我心里最没底的一科。面对独立写作各种奇怪的题目,我经常为找不到论点和论据而犯愁。这个问题其实到了最后也没有被彻底解决。对于写作我觉得一个秘诀就是“自圆其说”。不管你说的对不对,只要你相信自己说的对,然后以一种给人洗脑的姿态把你说的话都往论点上靠就行。解决完了文章结构和内容的问题我就开始加长文章长度。一战的时候我只写了585个字,后来渐渐地我就稳定在七百字左右了。考试的时候也是七百出头。只拿了29分也不能怨天尤人,肯定是文章内容不太充实。
最后还有三点想强调:
1. 我一本单词书都没背。相比背单词,我更喜欢在学习中积累。把听力、阅读中不认识的单词都积累下来然后背过,这样记忆会更深刻持久。
2. 官方真题Official乃托福备考之魂!尤其是对于听力和阅读。非常接近真实的考试,而且可以提供足够的背景知识。
3. ipad的确是个好东西!
托福阅读真题原题+题目
Many prehistoric people subsisted as hunters and gatherers. Undoubtedly, game animals, including some very large species, provided major components of human diets. An important controversy centering on the question of human effects on prehistoric wildlife concerns the sudden disappearance of so many species of large animals at or near the end of the Pleistocene epoch. Most paleontologists suspect that abrupt changes in climate led to the mass extinctions. Others, however, have concluded that prehistoric people drove many of those species to extinction through overhunting. In their Pleistocene overkill hypothesis, they cite what seems to be a remarkable coincidence between the arrival of prehistoric peoples in North and South America and the time during which mammoths, giant ground sloths, the giant bison, and numerous other large mammals became extinct.
Perhaps the human species was driving others to extinction long before the dawn of history. Hunter-gatherers may have contributed to Pleistocene extinctions in more indirect ways. Besides overhunting, at least three other kinds of effects have been suggested: direct competition, imbalances between competing species of game animals, and early agricultural practices. Direct competition may have brought about the demise of large carnivores such as the saber-toothed cats. These animals simply may have been unable to compete with the increasingly sophisticated hunting skills of Pleistocene people.
Human hunters could have caused imbalances among game animals, leading to the extinctions of species less able to compete. When other predators such as the gray wolf prey upon large mammals, they generally take high proportions of each year's crop of young. Some human hunters, in contrast, tend to take the various age-groups of large animals in proportion to their actual occurrence. If such hunters first competed with the larger predators and then replaced them, they may have allowed more young to survive each year, gradually increasing the populations of favored species. As these populations expanded, they in turn may have competed with other game species for the same environmental niche, forcing the less hunted species into extinction. This theory, suggests that human hunters played an indirect role in Pleistocene extinctions by hunting one species more than another.
1. What does the passage mainly discuss?
(A) The effects of human activities on prehistoric wildlife
(B) The origins of the hunter-gatherer way of life
(C) The diets of large animals of the Pleistocene epoch
(D) The change in climate at the end of the Pleistocene epoch
2. The word Undoubtedly in line 1 is closest in meaning to
(A) occasionally
(B) unexpectedly
(C) previously
(D) certainly
3. The word components in line 2 is closest in meaning to
(A) parts
(B) problems
(C) changes
(D) varieties
4. Which of the following is mentioned as supporting the Pleistocene overkill hypothesis?
(A) Many of the animals that became extinct were quite large.
(B) Humans migrated into certain regions around the time that major extinctions occurred.
(C) There is evidence that new species were arriving in areas inhabited by humans.
(D) Humans began to keep and care for certain animals.
5. The word Besides in line 14 is closest in meaning to
(A) caused by
(B) whereas
(C) in addition to
(D) in favor of
6. The author mentions saber-toothed cats in line 17 as an example of a carnivore that
(A) became extinct before the Pleistocene epoch
(B) was unusually large for its time
(C) was not able to compete with humans
(D) caused the extinction of several species
7. The word they in line 22 refers to
(A) human hunters
(B) game animals
(C) other predators
(D) large mammals
8. According to the passage , what is one difference between the hunting done by some humans
and the hunting done by gray wolves?
(A) Some humans hunt more frequently than gray wolves.
(B) Gray wolves hunt in larger groups than some humans.
(C) Some humans can hunt larger animals than gray wolves can hunt.
(D) Some humans prey on animals of all ages, but gray wolves concentrate their efforts on young
animals.
9. The word favored in line 26 is closest in meaning to
(A) large
(B) escaping
(C) preferred
(D) local
10. According to the passage , the imbalances discussed in paragraph 3 may have resulted from
(A) the effect of climate changes on large game animals
(B) large animals moving into a new environment
(C) humans hunting some species more than others
(D) older animals not being able to compete with younger animals
PASSAGE 75 ADABC CCDCC
托福阅读真题原题+题目
Under the Earth's topsoil, at various levels, sometimes under a layer of rock, there are deposits of clay. Look at cuts where highways have been built to see exposed clay beds; or look at a construction site, where pockets of clay may be exposed. Rivers also reveal clay along their banks, and erosion on a hillside may make clay easily accessible. What is clay made of? The Earth's surface is basically rock, and it is this rock that gradually decomposes into clay. Rain, streams, alternating freezing and thawing, roots of trees and plants forcing their way into cracks, earthquakes, volcanic action, and glaciers — all of these forces slowly break down the Earth's exposed rocky crust into smaller and smaller pieces that eventually become clay.
Rocks are composed of elements and compounds of elements. Feldspar, which is the most abundant mineral on the Earth's surface, is basically made up of the oxides silica and alumina combined with alkalis like potassium and some so-called impurities such as iron. Feldspar is an essential component of granite rocks, and as such it is the basis of clay. When it is wet, clay can be easily shaped to make a variety of useful objects, which can then be fired to varying degrees of hardness and covered with impermeable decorative coatings of glasslike material called glaze. Just as volcanic action, with its intense heat, fuses the elements in certain rocks into a glasslike rock called obsidian, so can we apply heat to earthen materials and change them into a hard, dense material. Different clays need different heat levels to fuse, and some, the low-fire clays, never become nonporous and watertight like highly fired stoneware. Each clay can stand only a certain amount of heat without losing its shape through sagging or melting. Variations of clay composition and the temperatures at which they are fired account for the differences in texture and appearance between a china teacup and an earthenware flowerpot.
1. The author's main point in paragraph 1 is that clay deposits
(A) conceal layers of rock
(B) can be found in various places
(C) are usually small
(D) must be removed from construction sites
2. It can be inferred from the passage that clay is LEAST likely to be plentiful in which of the following areas?
(A) in desert sand dunes
(B) in forests
(C) on hillsides
(D) near rivers
3. The word accessible in line 4 is closest in meaning to
(A) buried
(B) improved
(C) available
(D) workable
4. According to the passage , rock breaks down into clay under all of the following conditions
EXCEPT when
(A) it is exposed to freezing and thawing
(B) roots of trees force their way into cracks
(C) it is combined with alkalis
(D) natural forces wear away the Earth's crust
5. Why does the author mention feldspar in line 10?
(A) It is often used as a substitute for clay.
(B) It is damaged by the oxides in clay.
(C) Its presence indicates inferior clay.
(D) It is a major component of clay.
6. The word it in line 13 refers to
(A) iron
(B) feldspar
(C) granite
(D) clay
7. Based on the information in the passage , it can be inferred that low-fire clays are MOST
appropriate for making objects that
(A) must be strong
(B) can be porous
(C) have a smooth texture
(D) are highly decorated
8. The phrase account for in line 22 is closest in meaning to
(A) reduce
(B) explain
(C) combine with
(D) list all of
9. The passage supports which of the following conclusions?
(A) Clay deposits are only found deep in the Earth.
(B) If clay contains too much iron it will melt when fired.
(C) Only certain types of clay are appropriate for making china teacups.
(D) If sufficient heat is applied, all clay will become nonporous.
PASSAGE 76 BACCD BBBC
托福110分备考经验分享 你的学习方式是否真的正确?
一.托福110分经验分享之单词积累
1.不要陷入极端
托福备考时,对单词的态度容易陷入两种极端。一种是觉得单词在手高分我有。另一种是觉得单词没那么重要,看看就得。
背单词的确是很必要的,并且应该贯穿整个备考过程。但是痴迷单词,只背单词,不去研究考试的内容,不去做题,那这单词背的是毫无意义的。托福考试考的,套用ETS的一句话,是:The test measures your ability to use English to communicate in an academic environment. ——考察考生在学术环境中使用英语进行交流的能力。因此光背单词,积累那些最元素化的内容,是无法提升你使用英语进行听说读写能力的。并且作为标化考试,托福还有很多的考试经验和技巧,如果没有足够的训练,那么托福还想110的同学只能给你点一首梦醒时分了。
2.不要不背单词
另一个极端的同学也不是不背单词,而是对单词的重视程度以及背诵效果不够。新托福阅读词汇量在8000--10000左右,很多学生将单词书背了很多遍,但是其实只记得单词的样子,看着眼熟,所以在实际阅读文章、解答听力问题时仍然感到吃力,更别提口语和写作的输出应用了。
其实细想想,我们阅读听力中出现的问题:读不完、听力太快跟不上、记不下来笔记、不理解等等这些,归根结底,还是因为单词不够熟悉。你在听的时候不能快速反应出单词意思,那么一两秒的思考时间内,好几句话就过去了;看着文章单个词汇反应意思,整段理解的时候你看到的都是碎片,所以文章讲什么,你还需要再看一遍试图理解。
其实倍速听力听抄的目的不是训练听的反应,而是锻炼你对词汇的熟悉和脑海里的中英译理解反应速度。让你对那些考试涉及词汇的熟悉程度,变成你对book、apple的这类学了多年的简单词汇的熟悉程度。那么你的听的时候自然就理解并跟得上了。
所以托福词汇是一定要积累的,并且对核心高频单词的熟悉程度一定是非常高的。这样你阅读和听力的时候才能够快速反应,才能有后续的理解。而口语和写作还需要我们对相关词汇更进一步、会读会运用程度的学会。对于口语、写作常用词,在学习时要用所学的单词造句子,在语境中体会单词的用法。这样才可以说是真正完成了背单词这一项,也只有背到这个程度的单词才是最有效的。
二. 托福110分经验分享之学习方式
每天睁眼就开始复习一直到深夜?熬夜三四五六个月直到考试前一天?这些都不是正确的学习方式,我们每天接受到的知识、能理解掌握的内容也是有限的。你集中做三天听抄不如每天一小时弄一个月的精听;一天看完8000单词不复习也一个新的都记不住。
不知道你们有没有听说过一个实验,1990年三位心理学家为了对小提琴名家进行研究专门前往西柏林中心的艺术大学。试图通过大量数据,解答一个基础问题:是什么因素让精英演奏家比中等演奏者更加优秀?
他们将研究对象分成两组,一组是有可能成为大师的精英演奏者,一种是普通的演奏爱好者。通过研究,他们发现:
普通演奏者通常将工作分散到一天完成。一份将平均工作时间和每日活动小时对比的图表显示,普通演奏者图表上的曲线是平滑的,工作时间与活动时间相近。
而精英演奏者则不同,他们将工作集中在两个明显时段完成。如果将他们工作时间与每日活动时间相对比的表格描绘出来,会发现两个显著峰值(一个早上,一个下午)。
越是顶尖演奏者,峰值越明显。而同样,越顶尖的,在时间峰值之外,他们休息和放松的时间也要比所有人都多。
由此,最后结论是:一整天持续的勤奋,并不能决定成功,有节奏的努力,才能成功。
每天的复习时间可以控制在6个小时左右(当然是有效复习时间),复习时要注意集中精力,不要被社交软件啊信息啊什么的扰乱思维,并且要有规划的进行一天的复习安排。比如,将精力最充沛的时间留给背单词、将最容易疲倦的时间用来练习口语等。
上文中关于托福110分经验分享中,我们重点提到了两个方面,一是托福词汇的背记,另外一点是托福的学习方法。其实备考的过程中托福词汇非常重要,但是大家要辩证看待,不能将所有时间都花在背单词上另外,托福学习备考的过程中,效率比学习时长更重要。
托福语法:without的正确用法
一、基本用法
1. (表否定)没有,无,不需。如:
The letter was posted without a stamp. 那封信没贴邮票就寄出去了。
We got there without any trouble. 我们到了那儿,一路上没遇到任何麻烦。
You'll get wet if you go out in the rain without an umbrella. 雨天外出不带伞会淋湿的。
I suddenly realized I'd come out without any money. 我突然意识到,一点儿钱也没带就出来了。
2. (用在no, not, never等否定副词之后,强调肯定)没有……不,没有……则不能……,每……必定……。如:
You can't get rich without taking risks. 人不冒险不富。
The old man cannot walk without a stick. 那位老先生离开手杖就走不了路。
Don't go out without a coat: you'll catch your death. 别不穿外套出去,会得重感冒的。
I never see this picture without thinking of him. 每次看到这张照片,我都会想起他。
3. (与-ing形式连用)不,无,没。如:
She entered the room without knocking. 她没敲门就进了房间。
It goes without saying that health is above wealth. 健康胜于财富这个道理是无需多说的。
They had to stand for hours without changing position. 他们得一动不动地站几个小时。
It wasn't very polite of you to serve yourself without asking. 你也不问一声就自己吃起来是不太礼貌的。
4. (表条件)若无,若非。如:
I don't like to go to a country without knowing something of the language. 我要是不懂得一点那个国家的语言,就不想到那个国家去。
Without water, we cannot live. 没有水,我们就活不了。
Can you see without your glasses? 你不戴眼镜能看得清东西吗?
二、作表语的用法
without引出的介词短语通常用作状语,但有时也可用作表语。如:
She is completely without shame. 她恬不知耻。
My investigations were without result. 我的调查毫无结果。
The houses in this village are without water. 这个村子里家家户户都没有自来水。
We were without electricity for three hours but it's on again now. 我们的电停了3小时,现在又有了。
三、后接复合宾语的用法
without后接复合宾语的常用结构如下:
1. without+宾语+副词
I'd be lost without you here. 没有你在这儿,我会一筹莫展。
I'm very near-sighted without my glasses on. 我要是不戴眼镜十分近视。
2. without+宾语+介词短语
We'd be better off without them as neighbors. 要是没有这些邻居,我们就过得更愉快了。
I don't like sweet coffee; I like it better without sugar in it. 我不喜欢加糖的咖啡,里边不加糖我更喜欢。
3. without+宾语+动名词
Without anyone noticing, he slipped through the window. 无人注意,他从窗户溜了出去。
They debated for hours without a decision being taken. 他们争论了几个小时,也没作出决定。
4. without+宾语+不定式
Without anyone to help, how can we go on? 没有人帮忙,我们怎么能进行下去?
It was boring to sit there without anything to do. 无所事事地坐在那里太无聊了。
5. without+宾语+过去分词
Without another word exchanged, they started off. 没有再交谈一句,他们就出发了。
托福语法之 the more the better
1) the more… the more… 越……就越……
The harder you work, the greater progress you'll make.
2) more B than A 与其说A不如说B
less A than B
He is more lazy than slow at his work.
= He is less slow than lazy at his work.
3) no more… than… 与……一样……,不比……多
The officials could see no more than the Emperor.
no less… than… 与……一样……
He is no less diligent than you.
4) more than 不只是,非常
She is more than kind to us all.
典型例题
1)The weather in China is different from____.
A. in America B. one in America C. America
D. that in America
答案:D。本题意为“中国的天气与美国的不同。”比较的是天气而不是国家,C不能选。A没有名词,后句成分不全,排除。B和D中,B中的one常用来代替可数名词,而that可以代替不可数或抽象名词,所以选D。
2)After the new technique was introduced, the factory produced ___ tractors in 1988 as the year before.
A. as twice many B. as many twice C. twice as many D. twice many as
答案C。此句意为“引进新技术以后,这个厂1988年生产的拖拉机是往年的两倍”。表示倍数用“倍数+ as + 形容词原形+ as +比较对象”的句型。所以此句答案为C。
This ruler is three times as long as that one.
托福语法:hardly, scarecely和barely的辨析
hardly,scarcely和barely这三个词在意义上都接近于否定。
hardly 主要与any,ever,at all或动词can连用:
He has hadly any money.
他几乎没有钱。(非常少)
I hardly ever go out.
我很少外出。(我极少外出。)
It hadly rained at all last summer.
去年夏天没怎么下雨。
Her case is so heavy that she can hadly lift it.
她的箱子太重了,她简直提不起来。
也可以和其他动词连用:
I hardly know him.
我不太认识他。(我只是与他认识而已。)
注意不要把副词hard与hardly搞混:
He looked hard at it.
他使劲地盯着它看。(他在盯着它。)
He hardly looked at it.
他几乎没看它。(他瞄了它一眼。)
scarcely意为“几乎不”,它可以代替hardly。上述例句中也可用scarcely any/scarcely ever等。
但scarcely主要意为“不到”、“不足”:
There were scarcely twenty people there.
那儿连20个人都没有。
(关于hardly/scarcely之后的倒装语序,见第45节与第342节E。)
barely意为“不超过”、“仅仅”:
There were barely twenty people there.
那儿不超过20个人。(刚刚20个)
I can barely see it.
我勉强看得见它。(我只能看见而已。)
托福119分是如何办到的?详解他们的备考经验
先说背景:英语专业,也许算是基础较好?但是自我感觉英语实际水平没有很好,至少不是理论上能得119的水平。
备考过程及材料:时间只有21天,阅读听力只做了官方真题Official,每天刷一套,先做了第一套觉得不难就跳到了8,后面的做完了回头才刷的前几套,没做完。口语1-2题每天尽量抽时间练,用亦鸥,开始练了点真题,然后准备了黄金80题,都写了稿的,比较简单的只写要说的点,难的写稿。大范围机经出了以后把机经题也都练了。3-6题分几次练,每次都是集中练习,但是似乎也没有找到传说中的感觉= =作文最后10天开始准备素材和模板,最后几天才练笔。
可以看到我准备的过程还是比较仓促,所以这就是我自认为没有考好的根本原因,只有理论自信没有道路自信啊!!但是iBT终究是一个考试,既然是考试就可以有应对方式。接下来分四部分来具体谈,每部分再分成4小部分:1)自认为没有考好的原因2)实际上考好的可能原因3)一点经验4)可以提高的地方,如果备考时间充足的话
鉴于每种题具体的方法论的东西网上很多了,我只说一些个人比较有感想的地方。
阅读备考:
1) 自认为没有考好的原因:
准备的过程中有一段时间每天都错很多,最多一次错了11个,5、6个也是常有的事,一遇到数理化天文地质的题就懵,经常看了半天不知道说啥,导致信心严重受挫。而且注意力常常不能集中,看着密密麻麻的字就是读不进去。考试当天遇到一题讲日本气候的,好几个题都不确定。然后也遇到了进入不了状态的问题。
2) 实际上考好的可能原因:
考试时的状态还是和平时不同的,注意力水平肯定还是上了一个台阶,在一定程度的紧张的带动下。平时做题可能由于当时的状态和心理上的不够重视导致错题较多,但要相信自己考试的时候一定能拿出最佳状态的!
3) 一点经验:
我个人是先看题再从文章找。但是会先看题目和每段的段首句大概了解下主题,也有助于做最后一题的时候分清主次。
平时的错题一定要分析常错题型,去网上看人家是怎么分析的,不同题型的应对方式很多大牛讲过,就不赘述了。那如果每种题型都有怎么办?我就遇到了,那只能各个击破咯。不要就绝望了,要相信这很可能是状态问题!
另外,考试最好能留出一点时间检查,我就查出了一道错题。但是第三篇还是没来得及检查,前面做的还是慢了吧。
4) 可以提高的地方:
对于不熟悉的题材其实可以多看看纪录片和背景资料,这样心里有谱一点,增强道路自信啊!
提高阅读速度其实也挺重要,这个需要大量练习的,方法论网上多的是。
另外我建议一开始做阅读的时候先用纸质版,因为长时间对着电脑复习真的很累,还消磨意志,我在备考过程中屡次breakdown,很大程度上是疲劳作战导致的。所以建议复习后半段再用软件。
听力备考:
1) 自认为没有考好的原因:
平时做听力就老走神,考试也走了。不熟悉的题材和阅读一样hold不住。果然就被扣了一分啊。
2) 实际上考好的可能原因:
其实没有考好= =毕竟阅读听力还是相对容易满分的
3) 一点经验:
也谈不上经验了,就是关于要不要记笔记的问题,我个人是记的,但是确实有点影响听的过程,而且笔记记的不好,回头找常常看不懂自己写的啥= =所以还是看个人习惯吧。
另外听SSS是个好方法,能提高听不熟悉题材的能力和专注度。
4) 可以提高的地方:
我相信大量练习可以解决听和记同时进行的问题的!想想那些同传!!!如果能形成自己的一套笔记符号是最好不过的,但是我没有= =
然后专注力的问题我觉得也是练出来的玩意儿,除了多听以外,有一些小游戏是可以提高专注力的,每天玩一小会放松一下也好啊。像国外的Lumosity这样的网站就很好,但是要收费= =国内有个爱海豚可以试试。另外其实连连看这种游戏也行的啊
口语备考:
1) 自认为没有考好的原因:
我大概属于哑巴英语,表达障碍。刚开始练习的时候15s啥也想不到,45s能讲几句话而已。后来练得多了有所提高,但是感觉自己口头表达还是不好,经常想不到要用的词啊,忘加第三人称啊,he/she不分啊。考试那天1、2题倒比较顺,没想到4、5题都没说完,而且最后一句都很慌乱,基本上语法糟乱语意不明。尤其第4题我因为最开始的笔记没有补全,所以第一句话就结巴了好久,最后说出来的句子语法估计也是错的。第6题还用错词的情况,想说踩这个词把tread说成trap….. 总之当时就觉得完了肯定是两个fair.
2) 实际上考好的可能原因:
口音!!我觉得自己的语音总体上标准,只是口张得不够大有些词发音不到位,语调呢还是下降调多,偏中式一点。虽然远非完美,但这就已经足够给评分人留下好印象了。
另一个原因可能是因为我基本上没怎么用模板,用也是捡短的来说。最后得满分大概印证了想要高分就抛弃冗长模板的说法,也证明了最后一句没说完没有关系,只要前面说的还不错给考官留下总体上的好印象就好。
3) 一点经验:
先说口音,一定要录下来自己听,如果实在听不出来问题就去找老师或者程度好的同学听他们意见。关于跟读身边确实有人用这个方法提高的,我自己没怎么练过所以没有发言权。
1-2题的准备,80题一定要做,这是积累语料的过程。尽量想一些比较特别的个人化的答案,最好别用网上流行的万金油答案。如果题特别难,你一下懵了答不上来,那不妨据实以告,然后谈你对这个话题不熟悉的原因。比如问你生活中遇到的一大困难,你觉得自己这辈子还挺顺风顺水也没遇着啥大困难,那你就实话实说,然后为啥很顺利呢?Because I’ve been following the same path taken by most of the youngsters across the country, and it’s also the one chosen by my parents. 然后blabla…这个方法是外教讲的,反正不管怎样,keep talking! 举例也很重要,最好具体一点。考试时候第1题是机经,问提高教育水平的一个方法。我的回答是pay-rise for teachers. 然后举的例子是我去支教的时候发现那里的老师have to do farming work to help secure a living. I saw no passion on their faces. They didn’t have a sense of mission that they were there to educate. 其实我没去过支教的地儿而且据说支教的地方条件都还挺好= =总之多发挥聪明才智及想象力吧!!!
3-6题的准备我认为集中练习还是挺好的,有利于总结不同题型,建立相应的模板。这样在考试的时候可以快速分辨这是个phenomenon or principal or what,然后平稳地开始讲述,讲好开头是非常重要的!可以提升信心。
还有个tips, 最好把笔记举起来方便斜眼看时间。
4) 可以提高的地方:
我3-6题自认为没考好根本上还是因为准备的不够,我只做了官方真题Official,然后亦鸥上面的题目似乎不好,就没有再做了。没想到什么好的解决之道。我想如果备战时间长,也许可以把官方真题Official多练几遍。从长远的角度讲,要提高口语还是要多张嘴,这点我确实做的不好。
其它有关写作的备考经验及备考心得详见论坛:bbs.zhan.com/thread-355019-1-1.html
以上就是小编为大家的托福119分备考经验,希望对大家的托福备考有帮助。最后,小编预祝大家托福考试能取得理想的成绩。
托福阅读真题原题+题目
Of all modern instruments, the violin is apparently one of the simplest. It consists in essence of a hollow, varnished wooden sound box, or resonator, and a long neck, covered with a fingerboard, along which four strings are stretched at high tension. The beauty of design, shape, and decoration is no accident: the proportions of the instrument are determined almost entirely by acoustical considerations. Its simplicity of appearance is deceptive. About 70 parts are involved in the construction of a violin. Its tone and its outstanding range of expressiveness make it an ideal solo instrument. No less important, however, is its role as an orchestral and chamber instrument. In combination with the larger and deeper-sounding members of the same family, the violins form the nucleus of the modern symphony orchestra.
The violin has been in existence since about 1550. Its importance as an instrument in its own right dates from the early 1600's, when it first became standard in Italian opera orchestras. Its stature as an orchestral instrument was raised further when in 1626 Louis XIII of France established at his court the orchestra known as Les vingt-quatre violins du Roy (The King's 24 Violins), which was to become widely famous later in the century.
In its early history, the violin had a dull and rather quiet tone resulting from the fact that the strings were thick and were attached to the body of the instrument very loosely. During the eighteenth and nineteenth century, exciting technical changes were inspired by such composer-violinists as Vivaldi and Tartini. Their instrumental compositions demanded a fuller, clearer, and more brilliant tone that was produced by using thinner strings and a far higher string tension. Small changes had to be made to the violin's internal structure and to the fingerboard so that they could withstand the extra strain. Accordingly, a higher standard of performance was achieved, in terms of both facility and interpretation. Left-hand technique was considerably elaborated, and new fingering patterns on the fingerboard were developed for very high notes.
1. The word standard in line 12 is closest in meaning to
(A) practical
(B) customary
(C) possible
(D) unusual
2. The King's 24 Violins is mentioned in line 15 to illustrate
(A) how the violin became a renowned instrument
(B) the competition in the 1600's between French and Italian orchestras
(C) the superiority of French violins
(D) why the violin was considered the only instrument suitable to be played by royalty
3. What is the main idea presented in paragraph 3?
(A) The violin has been modified to fit its evolving musical functions.
(B) The violin is probably the best known and most widely distributed musical instrument in the
world.
(C) The violin had reached the height of its popularity by the middle of the eighteenth century.
(D) The technique of playing the violin has remained essentially the same since the 1600's.
4. The author mentions Vivaldi and Tartini in line 19 as examples of composers whose music
(A) inspired more people to play the violin
(B) had to be adapted to the violin
(C) demanded more sophisticated violins
(D) could be played only by their students
5. The word they in line 22 refers to
(A) Civaldi and Tartini
(B) thinner strings and a higher string tension
(C) small changes
(D) internal structure and fingerboard
6. The word strain in line 22 is closest in meaning to
(A) struggle
(B) strength
(C) strategy
(D) stress
7. The word Accordingly in line 23 is closest in meaning to
(A) However
(B) Consequently
(C) Nevertheless
(D) Ultimately
8. According to the passage , early violins were different from modern violins in that early violins
(A) were heavier
(B) broke down more easily
(C) produced softer tones
(D) were easier to play
9. According to the passage , which of the following contributes to a dull sound being produced
by a violin?
(A) A long fingerboard
(B) A small body
(C) High string tension
(D) Thick strings
10. Which of the following terms is defined in the passage ?
(A) resonator (line 2)
(B) solo (line 7)
(C) left-hand technique (line 25)
(D) fingering patterns (lines 24-25)
11. All of the following are mentioned in the passage as contributing to the ability to play modern
violin music EXCEPT
(A) more complicated techniques for the left hand
(B) different ways to use the fingers to play very high notes
(C) use of rare wood for the fingerboard and neck
(D) minor alterations to the structure of the instrumentANSWER KEYS
PASSAGE 100 BAACD DBCAA C
托福阅读真题原题+题目
Scientists have discovered that for the last 160,000 years, at least, there has been a consistent relationship between the amount of carbon dioxide in the air and the average temperature of the planet. The importance of carbon dioxide in regulating the Earth's temperature was confirmed by scientists working in eastern Antarctica. Drilling down into a glacier, they extracted a mile-long cylinder of ice from the hole. The glacier had formed as layer upon layer of snow accumulated year after year. Thus drilling into the ice was tantamount to drilling back through time.
The deepest sections of the core are composed of water that fell as snow 160,000 years ago. Scientists in Grenoble, France, fractured portions of the core and measured the composition of ancient air released from bubbles in the ice. Instruments were used to measure the ratio of certain isotopes in the frozen water to get an idea of the prevailing atmospheric temperature at the time when that particular bit of water became locked in the glacier.
The result is a remarkable unbroken record of temperature and of atmospheric levels of carbon dioxide. Almost every time the chill of an ice age descended on the planet, carbon dioxide levels dropped. When the global temperature dropped 9 F (5 C°), carb°on dioxide levels dropped to 190 parts per million or so. Generally, as each ice age ended and the Earth basked in a warm interglacial period, carbon dioxide levels were around 280 parts per million. Through the 160,000 years of that ice record, the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere fluctuated between 190 and 280 parts per million, but never rose much higher-until the Industrial Revolution beginning in the eighteenth century and continuing today.
There is indirect evidence that the link between carbon dioxide levels and global temperature change goes back much further than the glacial record. Carbon dioxide levels may have been much greater than the current concentration during the Carboniferous period, 360 to 285 million years ago. The period was named for a profusion of plant life whose buried remains produced a large fraction of the coal deposits that are being brought to the surface and burned today.
1. Which of the following does the passage mainly discuss?
(A) Chemical causes of ice ages
(B) Techniques for studying ancient layers of ice in glaciers
(C) Evidence of a relationship between levels of carbon dioxide and global temperature
(D) Effects of plant life on carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere
2. The word accumulated in line 6 is closest in meaning to.
(A) spread out
(B) changed
(C) became denser
(D) built up
3. According to the passage , the drilling of the glacier in eastern Antarctica was important
because it
(A) allowed scientists to experiment with new drilling techniques
(B) permitted the study of surface temperatures in an ice-covered region of Earth
(C) provided insight about climate conditions in earlier periods
(D) confirmed earlier findings about how glaciers are formed
4. The phrase tantamount to in line 7 is closest in meaning to
(A) complementary to
(B) practically the same as
(C) especially well suited to
(D) unlikely to be confused with
5. According to the passage , Grenoble, France, is the place where
(A) instruments were developed for measuring certain chemical elements
(B) scientists first recorded atmospheric levels of carbon dioxide
(C) scientists studied the contents of an ice core from Antarctica
(D) the relationship between carbon dioxide and temperature was discovered
6. According to the passage , scientists used isotopes from the water of the ice core to determine
which of following?
(A) The amount of air that had bubbled to the surface since the ice had formed
(B) The temperature of the atmosphere when the ice was formed
(C) The date at which water had become locked in the glacier
(D) The rate at which water had been frozen in the glacier
7. The word remarkable in line 14 is closest in meaning to
(A) genuine
(B) permanent
(C) extraordinary
(D) continuous
8. The word link in line 23 is closest in meaning to
(A) tension
(B) connection
(C) attraction
(D) distance
9. The passage implies that the warmest temperatures among the periods mentioned occurred
(A) in the early eighteenth century
(B) 160,000 years ago
(C) at the end of each ice age
(D) between 360 and 285 million years ago
10. According to the passage , the Carboniferous period was characterized by
(A) a reduction in the number of coal deposits
(B) the burning of a large amount of coal
(C) an abundance of plants
(D) an accelerated rate of glacier formation
11. The passage explains the origin of which of the following terms?
(A) glacier (line 5)
(B) isotopes (line 11)
(C) Industrial Revolution (line 21)
(D) Carboniferous period (lines 26)
PASSAGE 99 CDCBC BCBAC D
托福备考经验分享
首先,阅读是我本人的长项,也是我每次考试分数最高的一项,不管是考试还是平时模考,阅读基本都稳定在25以上。其实就词汇量而言,我的词汇量真的不算大,但是词汇还是要好好背的,但是不要想着词汇量大阅读成绩就一定会高。
做托福阅读一定要有一个逻辑的概念,一篇托福文章那么长,但是考到的只有几句话,所以就要明白文章哪些部分是要重点看的,哪些部分不用读的那么仔细。很多同学做托福阅读的一个明显感受就是时间不够用,很重要的一个原因就是整篇文章都在精读。托福阅读和我们平时写作文是一样的,有结构的,第一段通常是交代整篇文章的主题,所以要重点读。对每一段而言,无非就三种结构,第一句是主题句,最后一句是主题句,主题句在中间。通常第一种情况是最常见的,所以每一段第一句重点读,明白这一段要讲什么,然后下面的话肯定都是服务主题句的,就可以加快读的速度。
刚开始我做阅读,60分钟往往不够用,后来掌握了托福阅读的规律,再加上平时的不断练习,每次都在45分钟以内做完三篇阅读,剩下的15分钟就回过头看一下自己做的时候有点疑惑的题目。
听力
其实这次考试听力分数并不是特别好,我觉得我的听力之所以分数不高是因为词汇掌握的不熟悉,一些看到认识的单词,却通常听不出来或者听出来不能马上反应过来意思。所以我建议大家平时多做词汇的听写,就是听英文快速说出中文意思。我最开始考听力只有13分,主要是对托福听力很不习惯,因为不能看题目,做笔记的时候听到什么都想记下来,这样就耽误了听。所以建议大家平时精听的时候,不要做文章听写,因为做听写的下场就是你听到什么都要记。每句话提取一到两个关键词即可,而且一定要创造自己习惯的缩写,这样才能提高做笔记的速度,不至于因为记笔记耽误了听。
另外,听力文章和阅读文章一样,都是有结构的,一篇听力那么长,但只考几道题,所以听力文章很多时候不用完全听懂。因为往往几句话都在重复同一个意思,你只要抓住了其中一句,就可以做对题目。所以,记笔记的时候一定要分段,只要段分好了,做题的时候往往也是一段出一道题,而考察的重点通常就是这一段的大意。
口语
刚开始练习口语时习惯性的带有嗯呃之类的语气词......其实是没想好下面说什么,自己说话时断句也很奇怪。后来按照老师的要求每天跟读,慢慢的就明白说话时该如何断句,哪些地方应该重读。口语分为独立和综合,对于独立口语而言,我考前准备了二三十个自己写的段子,基本上可以套用在百分之九十的题目上。之所以自己写,而不是背模板是因为自己写的印象会更深刻,用起来也更灵活。对于综合口语,听力是很重要的,一定要学会做笔记,把听力中的逻辑讲清楚。另外就是把控时间,平时练习时一定要计时,分配好每一部分的时间。
写作
综合写作没什么说的,还是取决于你的听力水平。独立写作真的要感谢樊爷教的五部蝰蛇法。之前每次写作都不知道该如何展开,导致自己写的文章没有逻辑,写着写着就不知道该写什么了。后来听了樊爷的课以后,掌握了托福写作的奥秘,每次遇到题目都能快速破题,找到议论角度,知道如何展开文章。而且樊爷的方法绝不是教你用所谓的模板,而是掌握一套正宗的写英语文章的套路,只要有了套路,你会形成有自己风格的而不单一的模板。
希望以上的一些小经验可以帮到更多的人,坚持且努力,你就一定能得到好的结果。
11月9日托福写作考试真题及答案
综合写作
米开朗基罗(Michelangelo)伪造(forged)了laocoon这个塑像。
1.他伪造过不止一个,这很可能是anot-her forged statue
2.他有一幅画和雕塑很像,被认为是作为雕像的准备稿
3.为了钱(financial motivation)
听力反驳:
1.年幼无知时(career刚开始的时候)伪造为了出名(获得大家的肯定),出名之后不必伪造(后来大家都认为他有能力,没必要再伪造了)
2.画有两处和雕塑不同,是巧合。ing是hold left arm,statue是hold right arm (具体哪个hold right/left arm忘了反正就是这个地方不同)2.—个是 strengthen torso另一个是twist torso ,除此之外,还是有不少地方不一样的。
3.伪造毁名声,太冒险了,没必要。买他画的人都是像国王、皇后之类的。一旦他们出售假的statue,被发现后会让米开朗基罗 lost all his customers and destroy his career.
独立写作
Many moviemakers make movies based on books. Some people prefer to read the book before they watch the movie, while other people prefer to watch the movie before they read the book. Which do you prefer?(重复10月28日考题)
立场:watch the movie before reading
理由:
1. 社交:电影越来越流行---和朋友一起先看电影可以和他们一起探讨电影情节,然后一起看书、交流---友情更进一步;对比:先看书的话,在和朋友一起看电影的时候容易剧透---给朋友造成不好的观影体验---对友情不利。
2. 效率:现在的社会节奏很快---看电影的时间短---能在短时间内就了解80%的内容---如果电影的内容不好,就不会浪费时间去读书---节省很多时间---可以去看别的电影---提高效率;对比:看一本书的时间比电影要久
3. 让步段:虽然先看电影有很多的好处---但从细节知识方面来说,我们能从书中获取到的知识更多,电影带给观众的更多是直观感受。
下午场大作文重复207月1日考题
Which one do you think is the most useful to improve our environment?
1. Walking or bicycling to reduce driving;
2. Only consume organic food (reduce pesticide);
3. Reuse or recycle wastes.
立场:Walking or bicycling to reduce driving
理由:
1. 健康:walking or bicycling---不仅可以减少汽车尾气排放,缓解温室效应,还可以让久坐的人们在上下班的途中适当的运动,一旦他们得益于此,他们保护环境的意识会提高---环境会进一步改善。
2. 效率:walking or bicycling---道路上汽车减少,交通压力就会得到很好的缓解,政府可以把注意力更多的放在其他问题上,就可以更有效率地去处理其他环境污染问题---环境可以得到更好的改善。
3. 经济:walking or bicycling---省钱,人们不需要买昂贵的汽车,省下来的钱或多或少都会用在与环保相关的地方,如购买贵一点的有机蔬菜等/在政府无需过度投入金钱的基础上—大气排放减少,政府花更多的钱治理另外一些严重环境污染问题,一举两得。
月2日托福听力考试真题及答案
Conversation
C1:学生来找教授说不满意自己组员的时间冲突,不想group work,想独自完成问卷调查。
C2:女生找教授问为什么自己上次交的作业分数低,教授说她交晚了,并说下次presentation女生还有机会提高分数。女生说自己想的演讲内容是关于生物的,提到了毒素和伪装,之后paper也想写这个主题,教授让她讲完presentation再补充。
C3:学生说自己要参加地理暑假research program,还要打工,没有时间。
C4:学生想要换一个校园工作,觉得现在的工作不适合她。她有志愿者经历,符合老师推荐的另一个工作,但这个工作在校园外,学生没车有驾照,建议用短途汽车。
Lecture
Art:教授介绍美国的某个画家在urban画画,和别人不同 用一副早餐的画举例,写了颜色和构图。
Zoology:教授介绍砍树对amphibious的影响
Archaeology:教授讲在一个有artifacts的cave,先说另一个cave因为旅行者进入导致遗迹受到影响 所以这个cave不让进,然后这个cave被复原了。有一个教授参观过这个cave,发email说复原工作很好,然后又讲了怎么确定这里的artifacts的创造年份。
Geology:教授介绍造山运动,先提出了一个假说,然后说很多科学家认为河流不止腐蚀作用这么简单。然后提出了另外一个假说,举例喜马拉雅。
Psychology:教授研究3-5岁小孩子具有planning的能力,让他们共同解决问题,设置了两组,用工
年11月2日托福口语考试真题及答案
T1
Should the school spend same time on teaching our owncountry’s history and world history?
T2
阅读:学生建议学校合并教师餐厅和学生餐厅。因为学生餐厅很挤而教师餐厅没有full use.
听力:老师有很多吃饭的地方选择比如家里比如办公室。但是这么做可能会打扰到老师用餐,因为学生可能会问老师问题,而老师只想安静吃饭。
这道题目有点特别,没有说完全同意。而是提出了一个同意的点一个反对的点。在答题时不能按照原有的模板去套。大家在真考时,如果遇到类似情况,可以再看下最后的问题,看看到底是同意或者反对还是仅仅提出了自己的观点而已。
T3
阅读:shoreline territories:海岸线的自然保护措施,同时免受侵蚀和保护动植物。
听力:为了防止陆地被侵蚀而建造的wall会影响海岸线上动植物的生存。湿地的鸟都不见了。但是改成自然的element,改成种草。草和泥土不仅能吸收水分,防止被侵蚀,还能给鸟和植物提供habitat.
T4
主题是Keep business small的两个好处。
第一个好处是keep close relationship with customers. 员工会知道常来的顾客以及他们的喜好
第二个好处是相对大公司来说更加的flexible.比如想晚点关店的话,就可以自己多工作一会或者让别的员工看店。但是大公司人多会复杂很多。
推荐阅读:
2019年11月9日托福报名入口已开通(附托福考位查询信息)
2019年11月9日托福报名时间及入口已公布(附托福考点查询)
2019年11月16日托福报名入口已开通(附托福考位查询信息)
2019年11月16日托福报名时间及入口已公布(附托福考点查询)
托福备考冲刺100分4条实用经验小贴士分享 高分实力源于日常积累
1. 遇题不决靠语感问题需纠正
托福考试本质上是对考生英语综合能力的考察,因此很多人把所谓的语感看得很重。然而实际上托福解题时依赖语感的做法并没有靠谱的根据,而大家面对难题找不到解题思路时靠语感,觉得哪个选项看起来读起来通顺就选它的做法其实也是毫无意义的,这样做不仅无法保证正确率,反而会成为托福成绩不理想的主要原因。小编认为托福考试从备考到实战,考生都需要有打破砂锅问到底的精神,对于不会的题目,为什么不会,问题出在哪里都需要深度细究,而不是一旦遇到难题就把宝全压在所谓的语感上面,这样不仅是对自己的不负责,也是对托福考试的不尊重。遇题不决靠语感的解题心态一定要纠正,应该遵循的解题流程绝不能靠语感蒙混过关。
2.做完题目请留出时间仔细检查
托福考试的时间是比较紧张的,口语听力部分先不谈,写作和阅读的时间对很多同学来说基本都觉得压力很大,因此大家往往会忽略掉一个重要步骤,那就是检查。检查的好处有很多,特别是对于一些粗心大意的考生来说往往能帮助大家发现许多错误挽回不少得分,特别是一遍做题正确率比较低的考生,依靠检查往往能弥补很多失误。而考虑到托福考试中许多题目都会人为设置一些引发考生因为粗心大意而扣分的干扰选项,因此检查的必要性就更高了。而为了避免因为这些干扰选项而意外丢分,小编还是希望大家能够养成/保留做完题检查的习惯。
3. 合理掌握各题型草稿纸运用技巧
众所周知,托福考试的考场会提供草稿纸供大家使用,而为了不同的考试题型要求,考生也需要掌握一些诸如速记等等需要配合草稿纸才能发挥价值的技巧。但很多同学在备考中其实是比较缺乏对于草稿纸运用的训练的,所以到了考场上就会出现明明有草稿纸却不知道怎么记或者记什么,胡乱记了几笔之后再看又发现根本不知道自己写的是什么。而托福不同题型需要大家记录的内容也是不一样的。与其到了考场上才手忙脚乱地做记录,小编更希望考生能够在日常备考中就规划和训练好对于草稿纸的运用技巧,确保自己能够及时有效地记录下解答难题需要的各种信息,真正发挥出草稿纸的作用。
4. 不要被题目难度左右自己的解题思路
托福考试的题目难度并非固定,有些考试场次会出现很难的题目,而有时候则会有一些简单到让考生感觉自己做了假的托福的题目。面对不同难度的托福考题,考生需要保持稳定的心态来进行解答。有的考生会因为题目简单而怀疑自己是不是哪里出错遗漏了什么细节线索,这种疑神疑鬼的心态大家一定要避免,对自己的解题思路有充分的信心不被题目难度影响产生动摇,托福高分才会为你打开大门。
托福考试语法选择题模拟练习+答案
1. An underlying assumption of most market research is that people are continually ____ financial decisions based on their desire for goods that give them the most satisfaction.
(A) making
(B) and make
(C) being made
(D) having made
2. ____ tempera paint, the artist mixes dry pigments with water until the mixture resembles a stiff paste.
(A) In preparation
(B) The preparing of
(C) To prepare
(D) Prepared
3. When two straight lines meet, ____ an angle.
(A) it is formed
(B) formed
(C) they form
(D) to form
4. Madge Macklin promoted the expansion of medical training include genetics ____ supported the founding of genetics departments in North American medical schools.
(A) nor
(B) and
(C) while
(D) if
5. ____ mammals have hair at some time in their lives, though in certain whales it is present only before birth.
(A) Most
(B) The most
(C) Most of which
(D) In most of the
6. The digestive enzyme pepsin breaks down proteins into components ____ readily absorbed by the human body.
(A) that can be
(B) and are
(C) which they
(D) are to be
7. ____ the precise qualities of the hero in literary works may vary over time, the basic exemplary function of the hero seems to remain constant.
(A) Whatever
(B) Even though
(C) In spite of
(D) Regardless
8. Not until the dedication of Yellowstone Park in the late nineteenth century ____ a national park.
(A) the United States had
(B) did the United States have
(C) when the United States had
(D) the United States having
9. Daniel Ken Inouye, Hawaiis first Cong ressman, was elected to the United States Senate in 1963, where ____ known for his unbiased views on civil issues.
(A) being
(B) it is he
(C) he became
(D) having become
10. Because caricature tends to emphasize the peculiarities of a subject, ____ an effective vehicle for pictorial satire.
(A) which is often
(B) and often seen as
(C) it is often
(D) many of which are
11. In the nineteenth century, Samuel Gridley Howe founded the Perkins School for the Blind, ____ for children in Boston, Massachusetts.
(A) that institutes
(B) while instituted
(C) was an institution
(D) an institute
12. Early forms of life on Earth, ____ in the absence of oxygen, required elements such as sulfur instead.
(A) which lived
(B) whose life
(C) lived
(D) were living
13. People in prehistoric times created paints by grinding materials such as plants and clay into powder ____ .
(A) water to be added
(B) for adding water then
(C) and water added
(D) and then adding water
14.Often very annoying weeds, ____ and act as hosts to many insect pests.
(A) that crowd out less hardy plants than goldenrods
(B) crowding out less hardy plants by goldenrods
(C) the goldenrods crowding out of less hardy plants
(D) goldenrods crowd out less hardy plants
15. Starting around 7000 B.C., and for the next four thousand years, much of the Northern Hemisphere ____ temperatures warmer than at present.
(A) with experience of
(B) experienced
(C) experiencing
(D) experience
Keys:
1-5: ACCBA
6-10: ABBCC
11-15:DADDB
托福写作语法错误
1. 用词不当
原:The absence of groupwork is a disaster for teenagers in modern society.
改:The absence of teamwork is a disaster for teenagers in modern society.
评:groupwork是“分组”或者“小组集体任务”的意思。这位同学原本想说teamwork“团队合作”,却用了一个看起来很像,但实际完全不同的词,表达出来的意思就风马牛不相及了。
原:You will be dangerous if you keep moving without a clear view of the whole picture.
改:You will be in danger if you keep moving without a clear view of the whole picture.
评:dangerous表示所修饰的对象是“带来危险的,有危险性的”,而be in danger才是“身处险境”的意思。到底谁才是威胁呢?
原:Firstly, the job, providing the opportunity for students to utilize what they learned in class, might effect their further development.
改:Firstly, the job, providing the opportunity for students to utilize what they learned in class, might affect their further development.
评:模样长得像,意思可不同了。这里想用动词affect表示“影响”,却误写为名词effect“效果”,一字千里啊!
2. 搭配错误
原:Nowadays, people are crazy pursuing to be excellent.
改:Nowadays, people are crazy about excellence.
评:这位同学显然记错了be crazy about sth. 这个用法,写出来的句子自然会出问题啦。
原:Besides, public speech can effectively increase your communication skills, which facilitate your salesman career.
改:Besides, public speech can effectively improve your communication skills, which facilitate your salesman career.
评:此处是一个明显的动宾搭配错误。“提高……技巧”应该是improve the skills,而不是increase the skills.
3.词性错位
原:I will forget my sad and pressure from the work and the study.
改:I will forget my sadness and pressure from work and study.
评:sad是形容词,而这里明显需要一个名词,应该是sadness。
原:Although making money is a priority for most people, spending time with the family is equal significant.
改: …, spending time with the family is equally significant.
评:形容词significant前需要用副词来修饰,所以equal应该改成equally。
4. 时态混乱
原:Although I have no work experience when I was a teenager, I always dreamed about having a job.
改:Although I had no work experience when I was a teenager, I always dreamed about having a job.
评:过去时的句子中冒出了现在时,同学你太粗心了,要仔细检查哦~
原:I would explain my view in the following paragraphs.
改:I’d like to explain… / I will explain…
评:可能是两种说法记混了吧,结果把时态搞错了……
托福高分必读 从90分到108分只需36天
学习内容:
1. 每一科目技能提升与技巧巩固:
阅读方面的学习重点为三大部分:攻克长难句、段落结构分析以及文章总结概括。听力方面主要讲解了答题方式、听力笔记法,对话场景讲解与讲座学术内容梳理。口语课上针对不同题型梳理了解答办法,逻辑与句型结构也是口语的训练重点。写作的学习分为:综合写作与独立写作。老师提供了综合写作的答题技巧与模板,并根据学员的实际情况进行调整,变成自己的东西。独立写作通过讲练机经来开拓思路,课下练习避免语法错误、扩展多样化表达。
2.刷题:10套TPO40-50。其中2套作为模考对象,严格按照考试时间去做;其他要按照科目去进行精读、分析,精听的训练。
下面我们来看一下各科老师分享的超具体的学习方法:
阅读:
阅读部分分为三个阶段进行推进:长难句推进、段落结构分析、文章总结概括
1、首先长难句作为阅读基础是必须要攻克的,对于托福文章而言长难句有着自己独特的结构和分析的要领。课上主要讲解如何拆解翻译长难句同时练习顺读技巧,提升阅读速度和理解度;Jiangdi主要弱项就是在于细节处处理不当而错题,所以通过对于长难句子的精析可以避免一些不必要的错误。
2、其次,清晰的段落结构是得高分的关键。课堂上主要推进对于说明文、议论文的分析方法,练习如何解剖一个段内结构,如何能够顺利拿到观点和论点,从而进一步区分主旨和细节,为文章总结做铺垫;
3、最后,直接进入文章总结题型讲解,通过对于考点和题干的分析初步了解总结题要领;通过对于文章的总结和对选项的辨析,更深一步了解到总结题和段落结构之间的关系;再练习的过程中逐步加深对于题目的理解,最后刷题提升熟练度。
听力:
听力课程从三个角度进行推进的:1. 答题方式讲解:托福听力一共三个方向八种题型,学员在开课之初对于各个题型的识别方式以及针对性的答题方式了解有所不足,因此,听力课程在这方面做了针对性的讲解,旨在让学员熟悉哪些内容可以被排除,根据题型的出题思路,什么样的选项一定不要选,同时各个题型在选择答案时要如何转述或者推断;2. 托福听力的笔记方法:由于文章的长度并不短,同时又是采用忙听的方式,因此做笔记是必要的,所以,这对这一情况我们分别针对对话和讲座两种不同的文章类型讲解了常考考点和记录方法,以及如何对应笔记找到位置进行答题或者排除错误答案;3. 对话场景讲解与讲座学术内容梳理:两种文章类型除了有自己的展开方式,同时也有各自相对固定的常考话题和必备词汇,针对这部分内容的讲解,可以更好的辅助学员理清文章结构和理解全文语义。经过对于这三部份的深入学习,Jiangdi也不负众望,突破了自己的难点问题,取得了满分。
口语:
针对Jiangdi托福口语学习基本从以下几个角度展开的:1. 首先是了解每个题型的考察目的以及针对每个题型提出的不同的解答办法。学生之前对于答题往往是没有一个很清晰的结构,导致答题想到什么说什么。在我们讲解并且固定好清晰的答题结构之后,学生迅速进入到了刷题练习的状态,并且提高了每个题型的熟练度和流利度。 2. 针对学生刚开始的时候比较明显的说话比较没有节奏感已经语速过快的问题,除了课堂上的练习之外,课下布置的多样性的跟读练习也帮助学生慢慢找到答题的节奏感以及比较适合的语速。 3. 学生答题的时候所用的句子结构都过于简单化,而且重复率较高,显得比较单一。 针对这个问题,我们在学习每个题型的时候,会提出比较常用但是能迅速上手的句型以及较复杂语法结构,帮助学生在答题的时候能够自然地照顾到自己的句型问题。
写作:
首次课讲解综合写作答题技巧并提供了模板供学员参考,课上让学员练习了1篇综合写作练习的阅读和听力部分,简化了记笔记的方法。学员很喜欢化学课,手机壳上都有“化学”两个字,也许正是孩子对化学方面的知识了解比较多,因此在此后一篇能源类的综合写作练习中,写入了一些听力中所没有提及的内容。在讲评作文时明确告诉学员,作为客观题,综合写作的内容表达一定要忠实原文,尤其是在听力内容的表达方面千万不要加入自己的推测或背景知识。
后续课程以独立写作为主,主要通过串讲机经让学员了解不同体型的解题方法,拓展思路,练习主题句和段落写作。课后布置适当的作业来巩固课上所讲内容。通过讲评作文,告诉学员避免绝对化的表达,尽量减少拼写和语法错误,同时注意多样化表达,比如例证法、数据报道和对比论证等。
科学的备考策略和坚持不懈的毅力造就托福
学生感言
”拿到最后这个分数其实是非常不容易的,因为考了三次才拿到这个还比较满意的分数,虽然在口语部分有遗憾。在考试之前我似乎到了一个瓶颈期,阅读和写作比较稳定,但是我的口语一直是比较弱的一项,三次考试发挥都不稳定。还是感谢我四个科目的老师,他们不仅教授了我正确的学习方法、技巧,在备考托福的过程中还给予了我很大的鼓励。好的成绩需要正确的方法+自身努力+老师的针对性指导,在课上老师可以说是面面俱到,我在课下也会按时完成任务,反馈这个过程比较重要,每次老师都会认真帮我批改,从来不会担心需要帮助却找不到老师的情况。”
名师秘笈
托福阅读—范梦洋
三次征战托福,阅读分数从24分,28分,一直到满分30分,Jinyang达到了看似不可能实现的分数。能够实现阅读满分,主要有两点秘诀:第一点是持之以恒的努力:每一次作业都按时并高效地完成;第二点是善于总结分析:每一道题目都会标出正确答案的出处,和错误选项的原因;科学的备考策略和坚持不懈的毅力造就了托福104分的优异成绩。
托福听力—张茜
一直以来都在和学生传授这样的理念:听力学习70%在基础 20%在技巧10%在运气。学生的听力基础比较差,因此在备考过程中遇到了太多挫折,入学根据托福听力五要素进行能力细分测评后,每个阶段都在进行大量针对性练习和分析,从基础单词辨析,到文章结构辨析,再到考点分析和考题分析,79个学术听力技巧学生悉数掌握。学生足够努力和足够有毅力,所以他获得了理所应当的分数。新东方的教学和方法就在这里,你能不能用它打磨成自己的长剑还得看自己的付出!
托福口语—秦硕
学生最初的时候口语并不是特别好,语音语调和流畅度都不太好,一直处在17-18分的状态,总是会有1-2个limited无法突破。在之后的学习过程中,学生非常认真积极,每次作业的练习都能够很认真的完成,考前的机经预测题也都会很认真的刷完,在做题的过程中遇到问题也会主动询问老师,与老师探讨自己的问题以及提高的方法。后续经过不断地练习和努力,将口语提升到了3个fair,保持在了23分的水平。
托福写作—程颖平
刚开始上课时就发现了学生有不错的基本功以及非常重要的很强学习自觉性。但是同时也发现,他对于托福写作要求根本不了解;语言表达是典型的中式英语,且大小语法错误不少,有些是粗心大意造成的,有些是语法点模糊造成的。在分析过评分标准和范文后写作要求了解了,但是语言问题比较麻烦,学习过程不易,先从模仿入手,再逐渐形成自己的表达。这一点他也做得不错,勤奋,肯思考。他其实对于写作要点掌握得很好,且语言也基本达到了目标分的要求,终于拿下了理想成绩。
托福考前如何进行心态调整?3个方法让你自信上考场
面对托福考试得失心不能太重
也许是因为长期备考托福,在很多托福考生的眼里托福成绩似乎就成为了衡量自身水平以及能否成果通过申请拿到留学OFFER的唯一标准。而把托福成绩看得太重考生就会变得患得患失起来,心态难以稳定考场发挥当然也会出现起伏,可能一道没把握做对的题目就会让大家的心态整体崩盘。为了避免出现这种情况,考生对于托福成绩的得失心一定要放平才行。
大家需要了解的一点是,托福考试成绩并非获得留学资格的唯一资格认证,甚至都不能算是特别重要的一项留学资格,考生平时的GPA绩点,综合能力考试分数比如SAT/GRE成绩,还有文书,推荐信等等一大堆资质性质的资料加在一起,才会决定你的留学之路能否走下去。所以与其把托福成绩看得那么重要,还不如仔细想想自己在其它方面是否也做到了位。总之,托福考试的确是出国留学必须过的一道难关,但对于托福成绩,考生还是不要有太深的执念为好。
迎战托福不能有侥幸心理
而面对托福考试,考生也不能抱有太多的侥幸心理。托福考试在国内举办了几十年,哪怕是经过了数次改革,也总会有一些被擅长应试的中国考生看穿摸透的规则套路。但想要钻这些规则的空子并不现实,比如大家常用的考前刷机经,其实更多的也只是一种心理上的安慰。假如考生抱有各种侥幸心理,比如靠着刷机经就能通过考试,或者期待考试中遇到非常简单的题目甚至利用一些所谓的出题规律来进行解题,那么最终等待大家的都绝不会是理想的考试结果。
托福考试从本质上来说还是语言能力的测试,因此考生与其依赖几率和运气来应对考试,还不如扎实地打好英语基础,全面提升英语听说读写的能力才更为来的实在。而打基础也不全是为了托福考试,毕竟要出国留学在国外完成学业生活,英语也是必不可少的语言能力。因此,小编还是希望大家能够踏踏实实地备考托福,那些基于侥幸心理而产生的学习方法备考思路解题技巧,还是请大家尽量远离吧。
克服怯场心理自信面对考试
最后要说的一个心理问题就是面对考试所产生的怯场心理。这个很好理解,毕竟托福是公认有一定难度的考试,英语非母语的中国考生即使学习了多年的英语,在准备不充分的情况下参加托福考试也很难拿到满意成绩,因此出现一些怯场紧张的心理也情有可原。但如果考生因为这种心理而真正影响到了临场发挥,那可就有些小题大做了。
怯场来源于不自信,而不自信很多时候都是因为准备不够充分。大家不妨深入挖掘一下自己缺乏考试自信的原因,到底是哪个部分没有做好充分准备,是口语还不够到位还是阅读还会来不及做题。如果有原因,那么找到原因并设法解决才是正确做法。而如果没有原因,那么你根本就没有不自信的必要。明明已经做了足够准备,却因为害怕考试而发挥失常,这本身就是一件非常可笑的事情。大家如果能够想明白这一点,那么不自信以及怯场心态自然就烟消云散了。
总而言之,托福考试开始前,进行考试心态的梳理和调整还是很有必要的。小编希望大家都能够以积极自信的心态来迎接考试,在考场上充分发挥出自身实力,拿到配得上自己辛苦付出的优异成绩。
托福100分经验丨短期内提升托福听说读写的方法
托福100分经验之词汇备考
很多童鞋在入坑托福之前基本上不背词汇,一般都是阅读做到然后才去积累。后来做官方真题Official的时候瞬间觉得自己捉急了,然后就开始了漫漫单词路。你可以尝试扇贝来背单词,调成拼写模式,每天大概背400个单词,基本上要花去一个多小时的时间。另外,做阅读以及做听力或者看英文原版书时碰到的生词我会记在文档上,然后有空的时候就看一下,看多了也就记住了。
托福100分经验之阅读备考
你也许会觉得刚开始做阅读时简直是个煎熬,看不懂,不想看,不知道怎么定位,一篇做下来最多错到七个,那时候感觉人生都无望了。后来看了一些阅读视频,掌握了一些做题的技巧,再开始慢慢的刷官方真题Official,发现阅读开始有起色。有人建议阅读最好一整套刷下来,不过我个人觉得这对我来说并没有很有用,我还是比较倾向于一篇一篇做,然后校对,找题目答案在文中的定位点,积累生词。
托福100分经验之听力备考
刷官方真题Official。你可以学一下缩写,如果笔记记得比较慢的话。然后我一般都是分类训练,考满分里有分题型训练的,有分conversation和lecture、然后这两个各自又有很多分类,你可以选择一个分类然后进行训练。我一般是先做题,然后根据错误的选项再听一遍听力、看能不能听的出来,最后点精听,逐句逐句的听,看自己能不能听的出来,如果听的出来了,就把字幕放出来,进行校对,看自己听的对不对。然后听力中可以积累自己不会的词,我一般都是抄在小本子上。对啦,听lecture的时候,注意学生的提问以及听力中出现的but等转折词,一般考点会在那些地方,还有听力刚开始的那半分钟以及最后几句话都要仔细听,我感觉都会出到题目。这也是我刷题之后总结的经验。
托福100分经验之口语备考
一句话,有针对性的多练。我推荐张涵的那本《托福口语看这本就够了》。我刚开始练口语的时候简直不知道要说什么,后来经人推荐上了口语特训课,学了很多有用的方法,然后用那些方法一直练,每天至少要练一两个小时,练多了就会慢慢熟悉那个套路了。关于task1 和task2,其他四个task,我都是用官方真题Official练的,大概练了十套左右。我是3和5拿了good,1/2 和4/6都是fair
托福100分经验之作文备考
说到作文,不得不提打字速度,我自己去买了一个键盘,然后每天大概练个半个小时,而且平常练综合写作的时候也会直接用那个键盘进行码字,为了提高对键盘的熟悉度。综合写作最重要的是听力,一般来说,阅读会提三个点,然后听力再相对应的进行反驳。综合写作看阅读的时候千万不要慌。慢慢看下去,就能全看完的。我那时候慌的不行,然后看的时候由于太慌张,还把单词意思理解错了,虽然最后总分有27,但是我觉得综合的分数并不是很高。
词汇、阅读、听力、口语和作文是托福备考中的五大项,不论是什么阶段备考都要学习这几个方面。如果大家认为自己基础不错,可以学习文中备考经验,短期备考冲刺托福100分。
准备工作 写作可谓是展现自己英语实力的最好平台,是显示你综合能力的地方,听力阅读中的词汇,语法,
托福写作备考经验分享
。口语中的思维。结合在一起,经过再加工,写下来,便是写作了。1、单词
再来强调,基础的基础,单词。但是写作对与单词的要求已经不是仅仅认识就可以了。写作,正如这个词所昭示的那样,要求你熟练的使用词汇。如何正确的选择词汇,如何合理的使用他们,都要进入你的考虑范围。因此,在背单词时,注意积累自己的写作核心词汇。在背单词时,大家常常可以发现一些不错的词汇,可以用来表达自己长期以来想表达却因为词汇而无法表达的内容,云云。觉得有用,或者作个记号,或者记到另外一个本子上。
2、词组和同义词
词组和同义词可以丰富你文章的多样性,避免文章因为使用单一的词汇而显得枯燥乏味。同时,使用一些高端词汇更可以为你的文章增色。这些词组和同义词可以在平时的背单词和阅读时积累。也可以在TWE185篇范文中反复挖掘。
顺带一提,研读范文是很有必要的。同样一个题目,范文是如何写的,我是如何写的,比较之下,范文哪里比我写的好,哪些好的地方又值得我借鉴?从范文中也可以挖掘出很多有用的东西。
3、句式与结构
这个是区分高手与新人的一大特点,单词可以死背。同义词可以修改替换。但是灵活的使用句式,并对整个文章的合理把握,想做到这样,确实是一件比较难的事情。“地道”不“地道”也就是这样被区别的。如果说硬逼自己使用“地道”的词,而文章整体却不“地道”。会显得十分生硬。
如何积累着部分的知识呢?大量的阅读,无论是范文,小说,论文。感受别人好的方面,并把他们都记下来。不断的总结,发展为自己的一部分,
实战演练 1、综合写作部分
综合写作总体上与独立写作相比是比较简单的,因为它只要求文字准确即可。不要求文字的华丽。但是大部分同学都受制于其阅读和听力部分。尤其是听力,常常听到类似于听不懂或者记不住之类的抱怨。其实,参考托福考试听力部分,经过一番锻炼之后,相信大家不应该会有太 烦。但是为了一防万一。
我是再谈谈一些技巧吧(又是技巧啊~~害人的东西,尽量别用,实力才是王道。)阅读时,能总结多少总结多少,虽然文章还可以看到,可以完了再看,但是提前看好省时间.而且带着问题去和听力比较,听他是反对,支持?会极大的提高你对文章的理解。注意去听,他是他是反对,用了哪些例子?理论?记下这些重要信息。但是,再开始时,推荐听力能记下多少记下多少。 理解其结构后再开始分类其信息。
总体上,记住准确,严禁,质量三个原则就可以了。阅读速度和听力不好的同学们再加把紧吧。
2、独立写作部分
独立写作,没什么捷径,练吧。我的建议是一个星期至少一篇,并在每一篇中尽量使用这个星期新学到的词汇,词组,句式。这样即可以强化记忆,同时也可以实践一下,自己是否可以驾御这写新东西。同时在实践中,渐渐的融为一体,发展自己的风格。
同时,写完后,一定要自己给自己修改,自己给自己纠错很重要,同时也是为了上考场
没事了,也多给别人改改。写的好,借鉴人家的经验,记下好词好句。写的不好,前车之鉴,避免犯同样的错误。子曰:三人行,必有我师。
考场经验 1、打字速度一定要注意,速度不好的同学一定要抓紧时间练。
2、写作部分大家会听到不停的敲键盘的声音,不要害怕,那是无数人的声音合在一起的效果。
3、时间分配一定要注意,最后要给自己检查的时间。
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