下面是小编整理的托福综合写作难点分析及备考建议（共含7篇），欢迎大家阅读分享借鉴，欢迎大家分享。同时，但愿您也能像本文投稿人“淡染”一样，积极向本站投稿分享好文章。
【托福综合写作】综合写作难点分析及备考建议
一.托福综合写作备考中的难点是什么
大多数同学在备考托福综合写作的时候，第一个障碍是输入型(input difficulties)的难点，在综合写作里托福的阅读篇章和听力篇章里，考试内容涵盖的范围还是比较广泛的，阅读篇章大约在300多字，听力篇章也是类似或者稍长一点的篇章，最初的备考难点在于，对于听力阅读的内容的陌生，但是如果针对托福考试的阅读和听力部分做过了专门的备考学习和训练，同学们可能会觉得托福综合写作的阅读和听力内容也没有很难，这其中的原因是这样的，ETS(北美考试中心)所设计的托福的考试内容，主要是以美国高中以及大学一二年级的通识教育知识为考核背景的，涉及到的学术学科比较全面，通俗一些说就是现在美国高中和大一大二在读的同学们需要掌握的常识性知识。所以第一个输入型的障碍就是同学们必须认识和了解托福考试中的通识知识范畴是什么。一旦这个障碍解决了，我们不但在阅读、听力上可以提分，同时在写作上也可以提分。但是因为今天我们主要讨论针对第二个障碍输出型(output difficulties)做更详细的建议，所以输入型的部分就不再赘述了。
二.托福综合写作备考建议
很多同学在备考初期认为只要听懂了读懂了综合写作的材料，写还不是很简单的问题吗?综合写作又不是完全意义上的创造性写作，复述一遍内容还不会吗?其实不然，如何利用已知的听力阅读文章中的观点和推论理由来构架自己的文章的思想和结构也是有组织难度的，正如托福官方的备考材料OG中提及到的内容一样，综合写作的关键词应该是information和organization，也就是信息量和组织逻辑。同时，官方建议综合写作的字数在150-225之间，但是通过实际的教学和参加考试的经验来看，建议综合写作的字数一般在180-250之间是比较合理的，因为从文章组织的角度上看一般跟综合写作所提供的阅读、篇章一样，我们要写一篇4段式的总分分分结构的文章，150字过于浓缩，基本是无法达成条理清晰、分段论述的要求的，所以综合写作一般写在180-250字左右都是能够接受并且有助于得分的。
托福写作：加分句型精华
Though it may be difficult to imagine from a later perspective, a strain of critical opinion in the 1920s predicted that sound film would be a technical novelty that would soon fade from sight, just as had many previous attempts, dating well back before the First World War, to link images with recorded sound.
难句类型：层层追加的复杂修饰+插入成分
本句也是ETS的老套路了，为了把句子变长，就层层追加修饰成分，先又Though it may be difficult to imagine from a later perspective所
谓一个转折的分句，然后主句是a strain of critical opinion in the 1920 s predicted that sound film would be a technical novelty，接着用that引导would soon fade from sight, just as had many previous attempts, dating well back before the First World War, to link images with recorded sound的长句嵌套插入成分，来修饰novelty,但是实际上这些都不是什么重要的成分，大家只要读出来主句结构和句子的核心意思就是以前有一种预言认为有声电影很快就会消失就行了。
译文：
尽管后来人很难理解，但在20世纪代，一种批判性的意见预言：有声电影是一种将很快淡出公众视线的科技新事物，就像的许多先前把图像和声音结合起来的尝试，这些尝试可以追溯到次世界大战。
意群训练：
Though it may be difficult to imagine from a later perspective, a strain of critical opinion in the 1920 s predicted that sound film would be a technical novelty that would soon fade from sight, just as had many previous attempts, dating well back before the First World War, to link images with recorded sound.
2
Sociologists view primary groups as bridges between individuals and the larger society because they transmit, mediate, and interpret a society's cultural patterns and provide the sense of oneness so critical for social solidarity.
难句类型：
本句的是一个原因从句修饰主句，Sociologists view primary groups as bridges between individuals and the larger society because，并不难懂，但是原因从句是由两个并列句构成的，中有个并列句有三个并列的谓语they transmit, mediate, and interpret a society's cultural patterns，后面又有一个and引导的并列句provide the sense of oneness so critical for social solidarity.，这样句子结构就复杂了。
译文：
社会学家认为主要团体是个人和社会之间的桥梁，因为主要团体传播和解释社会文化模式，并为社会提供统一意识，这对社会的团结是十分重要的。
意群训练：
Sociologists view primary groups as bridges between individuals and the larger society because they transmit, mediate, and interpret a society's cultural patterns and provide the sense of oneness so critical for social solidarity.
3
The relations between animal activity and these periods, particularly for the daily rhythms, have been of such interest and importance that a huge amount of work has been done on them and the special research field of chronobiology has emerged.
难句类型：插入成分+复杂修饰从句+并列句
本句的主句结构是The relationshave been of such interestand importance and the special research field of chronobiology has emerged其实并不难，就是一个并列句而已。但是The relations后面由between animal activity and these periods来修饰，紧跟着一个插入成 分particularly for the daily rhythms来限制缩小一下范围，这样把主语和谓语割裂开来have been of such interest and importance后面用that引导一个从句a huge amount of work has been done on them来修饰interest和importance，后再用一个and引导的并列分句the special research field of chronobiology has emerged来结束句子。
译文：
因此，生物功能的时机和节奏和周期性的事物，如，太阳日，潮汐，月晕周期和季节，是紧密联系的。
动物活动和这些周期性事件的关系，特别是日间的节奏，是非常有意思和重要的，因此现在有很多人致力于研究这种关系，并且专门研究这种关系的项目已经出现，叫做时间生物学。
意群训练：
The relationsbetween animal activity and these periods, particularly for the daily rhythms, have been of such interestand importance that a huge amount of work has been done on them and the special research field of chronobiology has emerged.
4
Normally, the constantly changing levels of an animal's activity—sleeping, feeding, moving, reproducing, metabolizing, and producing enzymes and hormones, for example—are well coordinated with environmental rhythms, but the key question is whether the animal's schedule is driven by external cues, such as sunrise or sunset, or is instead dependent somehow on internal timers that themselves generate the observed biological rhythms.
托福写作：怎么冲刺高分
中国学生在托福写作上的分数一般在18-22分之间。主要的优点在于文章结构清晰，以及一些词汇使用比较到位。但是问题却发生在审题不够、文章逻辑不足、拓展内容和缺乏实例，还有就是句子的写作水平不高。不是太短、就是无法驾驭长难句。但是经过培训的学生一般都可以比平均分数高。但然，最后的托福得分与个人的努力，以及学校专业写作老师的面对面辅导分不开。
托福写作共有两个部分。第一部分名为“Integrated”综合写作。考生需要通过阅读一段文字、听一段相关的课程内容，写出一个总结，内容包括课程重点以及是否支持文章观点。时间为20分钟。第二部分名为“independent”独立写作。考生在看完一个问题后，给出自己对于问题的回答，并进行相关的论证与支持。时间为30分钟。注意：所有的写作都是在电脑上完成，因此考生必须有足够好的盲打能力。
托福综合写作是一个比较新的部分。一般说来，策略可以分为两个部分。第一“获取信息”。这需要考生有精读总结能力、听力抓点能力以及速记note making能力。这些能力对于考生把握主要写作信息是至关重要的。特别值得一提的是记笔记的能力。常常决定考试的成败。这在我的课上都会重点讲解和实战练习。第二“利用模板”填空式写作。每次我都会为学生们设计个性但实用的模板供大家在考试中使用。
对于托福综合写作，模板是必要的，但是最终的分数会根据收集的信息和语言的正确性决定。我更多地是提倡模写，而不是简单地用模版，虽然只有一个字之差，但是其中的含义是绝对有区别的，对于独立写作，一个模板实际上就是一种逻辑，语言可以变化但是逻辑应该是容易让西方人了解的。这里只有官方认证的培训师和有足够写作教学经验的教师才能把握尺度。一般依靠网上流传的一些模板，往往适得其反。模版应该是构思写作中的篇章结构，而不是用固定的语言来组织作文，那样考官一看就有抄袭的嫌疑，在西方，抄袭就是偷，如果你的文章用模版套写肯定就是偷来的，那又如何谈得上高分呢，这种显而易见的道理应该是人人都明白的。而模写是通过自己的思考来重新组织语言，依照题目的要求经过一番自我创造而写出的文章，文章内容和对题目的审视都融入了你个人的真挚卓见，是有思想的，这样的文章才能吸引考官的注意，写作高分才有可能得到。
在托福写作这一块有四个比较重要的技巧。这需要结合上课对于真题的练习完成。1)审题技巧、定义文章主题的技巧;2)文章结构设计、段落结构写作的技巧;3)造句练习(至关重要，往往考试中的高分作文都是句子表达意思清楚、且文法正确多变);4)选词(不是简单的词汇替换，而是关于词性的应用以及词之间的搭配)。
在托福写作时还要注意把握好时间，写作的时间会在电脑的屏幕中显示。但是，我始终建议考生要给自己2-3分钟的审题和整理信息的时间。磨刀不误砍柴工。如果考生对于自己的信息并没有很好的处理，那么写出来的文章往往也很难被考官所理解。
托福综合写作备考难点和要点分析
一.托福综合写作提升难点
对于托福综合写作，还有很多考生是有心无力，由于阅读和听力实力较弱导致综合写作失分严重，想要提升却不得其法。从传统备考思路看提升阅读和听力固然没错，但如何在有限的时间内加强针对性、高效提分才是关键。
二.托福综合写作提升方法
要达到快速提升的效果，首先要关注综合写作本身的设计理念。有别于托福考试的阅读和听力部分，综合写作中的阅读和听力以学术类话题为主，且二者围绕同一主题展开论证，构成反对或支持的关系。因此阅读和听力本身难度就大大降低。那么考生能否在快速阅读的基础上，对听力做出正确的预测呢?
横向观察ETS设计的各类考试不能发现，虽然考察重点不同，但一些基本思路不尽相同。在GRE考试的写作部分同样要求考生写两篇文章：Argument与Issue。在Argument部分，考生先阅读一篇文章，然后写出文中存在的逻辑错误。这种考察形式与托福综合写作部分有很多相似之处，只不过在托福综合写作中不需要考生主动描述阅读中的逻辑漏洞，而是复述听力中的演讲者如何驳斥阅读中的观点。
因此参加过GRE考试的考生触类旁通，通过利用官方真题Official等备考材料反复练习，不断矫正思路，可以培养从阅读文章出发、预测听力内容的能力。从在合理判断的基础上有的放矢的去听，提高通过听取关键词完整复述的能力。
托福综合写作在开始写作前要把握好阅读和听力时间，记录下来要点，尽量不要占用写作时间再去度阅读或回忆听力，另外，写作中要包含所有听力和阅读的要点，不要遗漏内容。如果大家托福综合写作提升有困难，可以参照上文中总结的难点和提升方法多加练习。
托福写作解析：Member vs leader
一、托福写作练习题目：
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is better to be a member of a group than to be the leader of a group. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
二、写作思路分析
讨论做leader的好处：主动，可以操纵更多的资源，获得更多;缺点：风险大
讨论做member的好处：安逸;没有风险;缺点：收获较小
做leader和member一定程度上与一个人的性格有关。
另外，还要看是做什么的group。视情况而定。
不同意，应当成为团队的领袖
(1)当领袖有责任感，领袖总是要做最多的工作，这激励着自己能把事情作好。
(2)锻炼自己的团队合作能力。
(3)能够学到更多的知识。
三、参考范文
Member vs. leader
According to my opinion, it is always better to be a leader than a follower. True leader show initiative. They take actions and they assume responsibilities. A leader makes a decision. Some followers may approve of the decision, others may complain about it. However, these followers all chose to follow, not to lead. They chose not to make a decision. That's how I am different. I am not a follower. I want to make decisions.
A good leader will not react to events, but will anticipate them. A leader will start a plan of action and then will persuade others to follow. For example, a class president at a local college may feel that the relationship between the community and the campus is not a good one. The citizens may feel that the college kids make too much noise on the street, litter public areas, and shop in other communities. A good class president will recognize that the community and the campus depend on one another. The president will ask the student body to keep noise down, help clean up the neighborhood, and work with businesses to attract students. A good leader takes the initiative.
Good leaders must be action-oriented. Having taken the initiative, they must see the job though. They have to take charge and lead the followers. They have to motivate and encourage the followers. The followers (in this example, the student body) must understand why good relations with the community are necessary. The followers must be persuaded to do something about it.
I enjoy taking the initiative, determining the direction, and being responsible for my actions. I do not want to suffer through other people's stupid decisions. If there are going to be stupid ways to do something, let them be mine. Would not you agree?
托福写作解析:因果论证句怎么写
因果论证句
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?
There's no need for the government to help those who can help themselves.
One of the major reasons why some individuals are reluctant to seek help from the government is that people have formed the impression that the officials are too busy to care about their private matters.
why后面是结果，一个完整的句子.
People will reduce car use in 20 years.
One of the reasons why the use of private cars can and will be reduced in 20 years time is that diversified measures a being taken by the government to limit the use of cars.
Today's parents do not understand their children as well as parents did 50 years ago.
The complexity and diversity in the modern world may be a major contributor to generation gaps.
托福综合写作备考：3点建议助你备考更轻松
一.快速阅读，记录关键信息
英美人写文章的总体逻辑可以概括为总分或总分总。而托福综合写作的阅读材料多为前者布局，且多为四段式(首段总起，三段分别展开)。
首段主要用来提供背景信息或者提出话题，(注意：阅读和听力是同一个话题，极少考到观点相互补，多为观点相对立。)而作者的立场或论点多位于首段的最后一句，聪明的考生会把注意力多集中于首段的尾句，确定作者的立论点，从而对于下一阶段的听力大致话题和论述做到心中有底。
随后的段落即展开给出作者之所以立论的三个分论点或论据，在单个的段落当中，又遵循了西方人惯有的总分模式，单个段落的首句多为topic sentence，考生可以只关注三个段落的首句以快速获取段落主要内容，从而避免全文通读速度不够而导致的来不及看完阅读。
二.记下说话人的观点和论点
听力环节的笔记很重要，是决定综合写作能否顺利完成的关键因素。没有经过训练或者疏于练习的同学会对于该记什么无从下手，结果就是笔记做了，自己看不懂，或者笔记太过凌乱，毫无可利用性。
要知道听力该记什么怎么记，此时应当牢记心里的仍然是西方人的逻辑性。“总分”表明了在听力的开始段是表明说话者立场和论点的，那么按照我们之前分析的，阅读和听力必然是同主题，所以听力开始时候大家不必忙着乱记一通，事实上，什么都不用写，镇定情绪，听清说话者的立场即可。
接着，和阅读中相似，说话者会从三个方面阐述支持自己的观点，很多情况下，这三点和阅读中的三点是刚好契合，一一对应的。但听力三方面的分论据往往是从阅读中无法推断的，所以分论点及论据是需要同学进行笔记的，应当记的是key words，切忌洋洋洒洒想记全一句话，最后自己也难以读懂。
三.提高记忆力，扩充记忆容量
各位考生不妨观察一下自己抄写英文句子的情况。大多数未经训练的第二语言学习者很可能都是每写下一个词就要回去重新读一次才能继续抄下去--有的时候甚至可能需要每写一个字母就要返回文本重看一眼才能继续。这说明此人的记忆容量只能容纳一个词(或者甚至连一个词都容纳不了)。记忆容量大的人理解文本更为容易，又因为能够理解所以记忆文本更加容易，进而又因为能够记得住而联系上下文更为轻松，而记忆容量过小的人基本上连看完一篇文章都非常吃力。不过，只要稍加训练，记忆容量就会扩充至足够用的地步。迅速将自己的英文记忆容量提高到“够用”的地步，最好的方法就是通过“跟读”、“朗读”训练平日积累。因为朗读可以非常有效而又迅速地提高文字理解能力。这很关键，记不住的最重要原因并非“记忆力差”--无论记忆力多好，都很难记住无法理解、无法关联的信息--听得懂才容易记得住。
托福考试作文独立写作范文：搬去新地方会失去老朋友吗
Agree or disagree:it is often not a good city to move to a new city or a new country because you will lose touch with old friends.
真题重现
It is not a good thing to move to a new cityor country because we will lose old friends.
该题目从题型分类上来讲，不属于常见题型(绝对型、对比型、建议型)，其最显著的特征是题目本身带有一个因果关系：因为会失去老朋友，所以搬到一个新地方不是一件好的事情。严格来讲，如果从同意的角度来写，思路可能会受到题目的限制，即只能想到从失去老朋友这个角度来论证搬去新地方不好。所以这种题目从不同意的角度更容易写出逻辑严谨，内容丰富的文章。下面的范文采取不同意的立场，主体段第一段写，搬去新地方不见得会失去老朋友，因为通讯工具日益发达;第二个主体段写，就算老朋友有些疏远，也不能因此断定搬去新地方不好，反而可以开始一段新生活、了解新的文化、结交新的朋友。
范文参考一:
As the technology of public transportation keeps advancing, more citizens can choose to dwell in the cities that are beneficial to their own development. Inevitably, there occurs a controversy whether moving to a new city or country will lead to the rupture of relationship among friends. From my perspective, I think the statement is not sensible.
Firstly, moving to a new country or city will not result in the loss of old friends. To be more specific, the maintenance of friendship doesn’t lie in how far they live with each other and the development of technology has diversified the ways of interacting with friends. The invention of cellphones break the shackles caused by distance and overseas students can choose to communicate with their family members and friends through a variety of Apps like WeChat that makes video calls possible. Except for that, by looking at the pictures popping up all over the social media like Facebook, people can easily capture what is happening to their friends. For instance, my friend Selina took selfie in the Sydney Opera House a week ago and I would learn that she was having fun in the Australia with her picture posted on the Instagram. Therefore, a wide range of advanced electronic gadgets can be used to sustain friendship.
Moreover, instead of losing old friends, city migrants can even enlarge their social circles and achieve more success. Restricted in a city for a long period, people may be trapped in a situation that would block their development and they can gain refreshing experience while immigrating to a new city. My friend of Mine named Michael served as a Market Analyst in a renewed company in Beijing. However, he couldn’t see any progress in recent years and then an opportunity comes out. Because of his five-year working experience, a foreign trade cooperation tried to recruit him as the Market Analyst because the firm was planning to start a new program. Then he grasped the chance and earn a challenging life that he likes even though he was required to work in Shanghai. Our relationship have not experienced any interruption and his strong ability of being adapted to the new environment helps him to make lots of new friends. Accordingly, moving to a new city can, occasionally, help to break the deadlock in our professions.
Admittedly, it can be sensible that friends can be estranged owing to the long distance with each other. Specifically speaking, the chances to meet with each other will be limited a lot. However, as I just put, for one thing, people can talk with each other through various social network software. For another thing, the distance between cities is not a problem anymore since there have been many public transportation tools like the high-speed trains and airplanes that will lead us to anyplace we try to go in a very short period.
In a word, moving to a new city or a new country is good choice under some circumstance. Besides, the highly developed technology can help to strengthen the relations with our friends and the possibilities of living a different life and achieving success can both explain why I stand by the statement that it is a good thing to move to a new city.
写作参考二:
In this day and age, globalization allows people from every corner of the world to travel around and even settle down easily at almost any place they favor. Is it a good thing for people to move to a new town or new country? Opinions vary about this issue. Some people oppose it by arguing that moving away means the loss of old friends. From my view, it is not true. Instead, moving to a new place might lead one to a new world.
To begin with, moving to a new place does not necessarily weaken the bond between friends. This is mostly because modern means of communication allows people to keep close contact with friends even hundreds of miles away. Therefore, it is not uncommon that friends who have not seen each other for years might know about one another’s life quite well and still have much in common. For example, a person moving from Shanghai to New York can easily get in touch with his friends at home through the simultaneous communication tools such as MSN, Weichat and so on. It is incredible that these tools can make it possible to transmit not only voice and image but also real time video! Chatting with friends like this is of no difference from talking face to face. Besides, the popular online social network such as Facebook provides a platform for people to share important moments with friends by posting pictures and videos online anywhere and anytime. It is not exaggerated to say that technology has transcended space and time; distance, a traditional friendship killer, would beat a retreat in front of modern technology.
Secondly, even if old friends are not as close as before, it is not justified to say that moving to a new place is not advisable. People move to different places for a variety of reasons ranging from career development to a new start of life. In this case, old friendship should not become a hindrance to one’s development. On the other hand, old friends might be strong supporters of those who have decided to move. A new job opportunity in a larger market might exploit the greatest potentials of a sales person, whose talents would otherwise be stifled in a small retail store at home. A lady troubled by marriage issues might start a new family and open a new page of life in another country, where no one knows about her past. Thus, the possibility of losing old friends is not strongenough to judge whether moving to a new place is good or not.
In conclusion, even though moving to a new town or country might risk the loss of friends, moderntechnology has managed to minimize such risk. Besides, choosing where to live depends on a combination of factors, which is too complicated to be justified by the state of old friendship.
写作参考二:
With the progress of urbanization, an increasing number of people are leaving their hometown and moving to a new place, which has aroused deeply social concern. When asked about whether it is advisable to move to a new city or country, many people, if not the most, are strong believers of the claim that moving to a new place leads to the loss of old friends. However, in my eyes, the above claim doesn’t bear more analysis.
First of all, moving to a new place does not necessarily mean loss of old friends, in that the distance between people is no longer an obstacle for maintaining a friendship with the help of advanced communication devices and means of transportation. For one thing, such communication devices as telephones and the internet have made it possible to keep in touch with friends living far away from us. With the camera and microphone, our facial expressions and voice can be immediately transmitted to others, which is just like a face-to-face communication. For another, by using the well-developed transportation system , we are able to reach nearly anywhere in the world within a day. Take my own experience as an example. Last summer, Jack, one of my best friend, went to America for his master’s degree while I stayed in China for my study. However, this distance has never alienated our relationship, in that we often chatted online with Skype and even I took the international flight to visit him several times. While staying in America, we traveled together and had lots of fun, which would definitely enhance our friendship.
Furthermore, moving to a new city or country will provide us with a good opportunity to meet new friends and gain more opportunities to achieve success. On one hand, it is self-evident that a new environment enables us to make acquaintance with more people from different background, thereby enlarging our social circle. This is especially true of moving to a foreign country. While staying in a foreign country, we can not only experience the exotic culture and conventions but also establish friendship with native people there. On the other hand, moving to a new city matters a lot to job seekers, especially those coming from rural areas. My brother, a bachelor of art, is a good case in point. While staying in hometown, he had no choice but to work in a local factory with low salary and little possibility to get a promotion. However, when he moved to Beijing, the situation became totally different. He used what he learned in college to land a good job in a large advertisement company and excelled at his jobs. Now he has become the manager of designing department. Therefore, I believe that it is the moving that has changed his path of life .
To sum up, we can conclude that it is a good choice to move to a new place because we can make more new friends and obtain more opportunities instead of losing old friends. Therefore, a new environment is full of challenges and fun.
托福考试作文独立写作范文：现在父母养孩子更容易了吗
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is easier for parents to raise their children than 50 years ago.
写作参考:
Taking a panoramic picture of human evolution, family education has been playing a very important role, especially in modern days. When it comes to the question of whether or not raising kids is easier than before. I, personally, think that parenting has becoming more and more difficult based on the following reasons.
First off, with the advent of technological gadgets kids are now more susceptible to negative information on-line, making it tough for parents to monitor and guide their kids’ behavior and mindset. As we all know, with the appearance of smart phones, tablets and computer laptops, it is easier for people of all age groups, including adolescents and teenagers, to get access to all kinds of information. To be more specific, celebrities especially entertainers, like movies stars, sports giants and pop singers are such bad exemplars for kids since they are constantly involved in sex scandals, abusive use of drugs, random hookups, getting rehabilitation. Kids, who are in their formative years, are not immune to these negative influence. Therefore, it is becoming absolutely tough for parents to guide them and any negligence might lead to be catastrophic for the kid’s future development.
Additionally, parents are so overwhelmed with their career and they tend to be negligent about their kids. Kids, on the other hand, without guidance from their parents tend to have both psychological and physical problems. A recent study done by National Society of Developmental Psychology indicates that there is a positive correlation between the parents’ working time and the likelihood for kids to experience psychological and physical problems in their adolescence. Indeed, fathers and mothers are more stressful and inclined to work more hours than those who did a few decades ago, leaving them little time to hang out and caress their kids. To make matters worse, kids who might experience unparalleled peer pressure, bullying and other kinds of school cliché are not able to get appropriate and timely instruction and encouragement from their parents, increasing the risk of a series of developmental problems. For instance, they might get addicted to computer games, involve in early sex, and even have marijuana and drinking problems.
In conclusion, due to the susceptibility of kids when exposed to negative information on-line or else and the parents’ lack of time spent with their kids, it is getting more difficult to raise kids now and kids are inclined to have both psychological and physical problems in their formative years.
托福
这种情况经常会出现，尤其是那些平时感觉英语水平很好，但是一谈到写作，常常就会没有思路，不知如何下手，针对这种情况，我们对思路扩展提出两种方法，能迅速有效帮助学生解决这个问题。
(一)归类法：
在平时阅读时，需要时刻注意按照文章的体裁进行归类，如诗歌、散文、小说、戏剧、或记叙文、说明文、议论文。在阅读时，将内容相近，体裁相同或体裁不相同的文章进行比较，通过比较领悟文章的美妙之处，学习作者独特的写作思路和观点的阐述方法，句法结构的特点等等。
(二)总括法：
就是要求考生对各个题材文章的总体架构和写作思路有一个宏观的把握。譬如：议论文是对某个议论对象，提出见解或主张并说明理由，使读者信服的文章。它的基本特点是议论的说服性而议论文的组成要素分为：论题，论点(中心论点，分论点)，论据，论证。了解的这些你就可以按照文章大体框架去展开你的思路了。
对与考生来将写作的最大的障碍英语的书面表达。对于这一点，首先要树立起信心，实际上大部分考生都受过正规的大学英语教育，即使是一些自学的考生，其英语水平足以具有写好一篇作文的潜力。关键在于要把这种潜力挖掘出来。对于要求考生用英语语言进行思维来达到写作的目标是不现实的，如果能用英语思维，也就谈不上会遇到多大的困境了。
在实际写作过程当中，脑子里想的是中文句子，然后把一个一个的中文句子译成英文。在翻译的时候努力在寻找一一对应的关系，希望找到与中文词一一对应的英文单词，结果是句结构和单词的选用显然受到中文的影响，自己感觉上也是“憋”得费劲，或者觉得表达出来了，意思差不多，而实际上给人的感受依然还是中文。若是让老外来看这篇作文的话，也许根本就弄不清楚文章的内容，而判卷的中国老师在判卷时往往能想象出文章是怎样写出来的。
考生平常不妨做一做这样的练习，通过阅读不认识的词条的英文注释，然后试着把单词译成中文词，再去对照英译词典的汉语释义，慢慢地就会开始领会用英语表达的门道了。之所以强调这样做是因为朗文词典语言简明，例句来自活生生的现实生活，不同于传统的英语词典从文学作品里摘录例句的做法。正因为如此，其词汇量比较贴近我们的词汇基础。只要读得多，自然就会受其影响，明白这样做的其中奥妙。
托福考试作文独立写作范文：拥有多项技能的人更成功
People who develop different skills are more successful than people who develop one skill only.
考试时，监考老师通常发现有的考生坐在那里根本就是在玩深沉，他在那里思考人生的伟大哲理，他在那里要想出一个观点，想出一个理由，想出一个措施，非得要显得与众不同不可。
限入这种境地的考生，显然犯了一个根本性的错误，参考时间为40分钟的作文，一般应该在35分钟之内完成，再用几分钟的时间检查语法错误，可有的考生十几分钟一句话都写不了，就是因为他太进入角色了，他想向判卷的老师掏心掏肺，这是一个很大的误区。
考作文的目的纯粹是通过这一命题形式，考查考生的英语水平如何。命题人关注的是书面表达能力，以作文题为例，至于为什么海洋里的鱼越来越少，原因基本成立，内容相关即可，根本就没有必要想破脑袋去找原因，不要去猜测判卷的老师喜欢什么观点，只有当作文明显跑题时，内容才体现出其重要性。
不管原因也好，措施也好，某一考生想到的任何一点，很可能命题人早已料到，而且肯定会被成千上万的考生重复无数遍，因而曾经令自己激动一时的想法，在判卷老师看来全无感觉。所以，规定式作文的拓展空间本来就非常有限，“真情流露”是没有必要的。
When it comes to the qualities of successful people, people varying in education background and experience tend to give distinctive answers. Some would argue that those who are successful should be versatile and excel in lots of skills like communication skills, leadership skills and even organizational skills while others believe that one who is exceptional in one area is more likely to be successful. I personally believe that a versatile person with various skill sets can be more successful.
Admittedly, as the saying goes Jack of all trades and master of none and there are rare cases where some people who are expert in only one field stand out. However, it is more common for versatile people with multiple skills to be successful because of the following reasons.
First off, people who are talented and versatile are more competitive and competent in their career, and they enjoy a better change to be promoted in a professional setting. Actually, a lot of positions require a combination of skill sets, such as paying attention to details, knowledge in a specific field and communication skills, etc. Indeed, more skills will give someone more chance to get promoted. For instance, if a computer programmer just knows how to write program and focuses only on the technical side of the job, chances are that he would never get promoted. On the other hand, if not only does the computer programmer have programming skills but also he is a genius people-wise, he might get a better shot to be promoted as a manager in charge of a team of computer programmers. Thus, he can enjoy more opportunities in his career.
Additionally, it is much easier for a versatile person with various skill sets to build rapport with people and make friends. It is self-evident that people with all kinds of skills will be very attractive and charismatic. A person who not only has professional knowledge in one specific field but also has people skills and leadership skills will be very popular and standing out among his or her peers. For instance, my friend Alex, a bright young professional working in the financial industrial. He was awarded the most valuable banker in his company because of his professionalism and dedication to serving the customers and clients. Not only is he successful in his professional life, but also he is an amateur violinist. Actually, he plays for a city choir to represent the community and go against other cities' choir. Such skills can be very useful when building up connections with people and thus he can expand his social network easily. Furthermore, he can use these skills to entertain his clients and customers on certain occasions and have their trust on him.
In conclusion, a versatile person with various skill sets can be more competitive and outstrip others in the workplace, eventually they enjoy better chance to be promoted. Another advantage of having multiples skills is that it can be much easier and readily for them to network and expand their social connections.
托福考试作文独立写作范文：花长时间做重要决定是好品质吗
(A/D)Spending a long time in making an important decision is often considered as a bad quality. However, some people think that it is a good quality for a person.
举一反三：
A/D: One quality that a successful leader must have is to make decision quickly; when a leader takes too much time to make decisions, he will be seen as ineffective to the people he lead.
点睛
题目大意：花长时间做重要决定是一种好的品质。建议选择不同意，即认为快速做决策才是一种好的品质，因为一是可以抓住机会，二是可以体现一个人超强的分析和预判能力。
2016年8月20日托福独立写作题目： A/D: One quality that a successful leader must have is to make decision quickly; when a leader takes too much time to make decisions, he will be seen as ineffective to the people he lead. (来自学生回忆版，与原题可能有少许出入，但题干表达意思大体相同)
这是一篇难度较大的独立写作，首先所需要论证的题干中的快速做出决策的这一点就相对而言比较抽象，尤其是对于中学生考生而言，因为首先在思路上很难对题干形成有效的展开，其次大部分同学平时素材的积累很少，更别说这类关于领导类的素材。
写作参考一:
With the society becoming increasingly complex, we make numerous decisions every single day, some of which are simple while others of which are more complex. The issue whether Spending a long time in making an important decision is often considered as a good quality has triggered a hot debate. Personally speaking, my answer towards this question is negative, that is, making quick decision is good, for the following reasons.
First of all, making quick decisions can help people grasp the precious opportunities.As is known to all, change is the permanent topic in nearly every area of life including day-to-day life and business world. In other words, the opportunities may vanish in the blink of an eye. As a result, people who spend much time pondering different paths for the fear of making errors may end up missing out the chances. On the contrary, quick decision making will boost the likelihood of seizing the opportunities, which makes his or her have an edge over other competitors. This is especially true of the business competition. In the commercial world, To illustrate, a decisive leader will not block subordinates from getting things done and thus . For example, if an entrepreneur find changes in the needs of customers, there is a need of quick decisions to satisfy their new demand. Without quick response to the appeals of the clients, competitors around the same business may take the initiative to make headway in these emerging markets.
Apart from that, making quick decicions reflects the strong ability of analysis of a person. As is common sense, analytical skills is a basis for quick decision making. As you can see, an analytical skill is the ability of a person to draw conclusions and to make quality decisions based on incomplete information. Put it in another way, the characteristic of analytical people is to address all of the critical elements needed for a successful outcome more quickly than average persons can do. Consequently, these decisive people will leave a good impression on others and thus improve their charisma. By contrast, spending too much time in making decisions means that you can only make up your mind after collecting all the information. This practice may make others feel that you are hesitant in doing things.
Admittedly, some opponents may assert that it is a good quality to spend a long time in decision-making, because the quality of the decision certainly depends on the speed of making it. However, the above claim has overlooked a fact that no matter how much time you spend making a decision, there is always a chance that it won’t turn out the way you had envisioned. In this case, the quick decision making can help you more timely fix the wrong decisions.
In a nutshell, spending long time in decision making is anything but a good quality, because people will let opportunities slip off and leave a indecisive impression on others.
写作参考二:
An efficient leader is a key factor for the successful development of an enterprise and how to define an effective leader varies from person to person. Some people may believe a leader must make a quick decision to be successful since opportunity seldom knocks twice. However, some others contradict with the statement and they argue that leaders, especially those in the area of politics and business, have to be patient enough to be considerate. From my perspective, I am more favor of the former one.
When it comes to the area of business, leaders have to acclimatize themselves to the constantly changing environment and respond soon enough to grasp the chance. A number of examples can be found around us to demonstrate the exceptional urgency of making quick decision. Mark Zuckerberg made a quick decision to acquire Instagram, which turned out to be bold but successful, given Twitter, one of Facebook’s strongest competitors, had already considered to merge Ins. Besides, the landslide of Apple over Nokia, one of the giants in the phones’ market can prove the importance of responding quick for leaders. Those leaders of conventional ideas in Nokia stuck to manufacturing keyboard phones and still refused to center on developing and researching Touch-screen technology, which has proven to be a big mistake. As a result, Nokia had to declare bankruptcy. When reflecting on the failure of Nokia and success of Apple, the key is to make a quick decision to reform products to satisfy consumers’ tastes and demands.
Speaking of national leaders, making a swift and effective decision will be highly indispensable to deal with various emergencies. To prevent the exacerbation of some events, politicians have to take quick and credible actions. For instance, the outburst of Ebola virus has caused serious damage to human beings and as a leader of a country, he has to make an instantaneous decision to assemble medical experts and restrict the migration movement of population. Another convincing example would be the military action aiming at ISIS, a self-proclaimed country but a terror organization. The president of the United States called on Britain and several other Western countries to launch a joint military strike to crack down those terrorists after many innocent civilians including journalists, local residents or tourists from different country were killed by those extremists. Although the terror group was not wiped out yet, the immediate action had played a major role in reducing threats from those. Obviously, for politicians and national leaders, it is necessary to take quick action.
Admittedly, there is also an opposite voice echoing that leaders have to be patient to reduce the possibilities of causing missteps. For instance, during World War Two, to win the success, Franklin Roosevelt gave the order to hit Japan by dropping atomic bombs soon after the Pearl Harbor was attacked. The explosion of those two atomic bombs led Japan to surrender, however, caused huge damage to local environment. It appears plausible, however, the consequences of not using atomic bombs would be more disastrous because of Japan militarism’s great harm to the entire human beings.
To conclude, leaders have to make a response and decision as quick as possible in most occasions no matter which field they are in.
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