以下是小编精心整理的托福写作科技类官方分析（共含8篇），供大家阅读参考。同时，但愿您也能像本文投稿人“银莲花”一样，积极向本站投稿分享好文章。
These are several viewpoints on the implications of technological change and advancement and such schools of thought which considerably vary have their respective validity. Technological change has its advantages and disadvantages. For one, it is true that it partly solves problems and makes life better. At the same time, technological changes may likely create new problems thereby threatening or damaging quality of life. In the developing economies, for instance, technological advantages has both its merits and demerits. The introduction and seeming acceptability and usefulness of computers have somehow helped increase the efficiency of several firms. It is not only in the industrial sector that technological change proven to be very effective. In the agricultural sector, for example, the introduction of new technologies in increasing production has been very effective in expanding agricultural produce. These are just a fewexamples to illustrate the advantages of technological advancement.
On the other hand, countries should be more careful on their choice of technology since it must be noted that while certain types of technology are adaptable to developed economies the same type of technology may not fit the environment of developing countries due to differing economic,social, cultural, and political factors. For example, infrastructure improvements such as a construction of irrigation dam in the mountains of the Philippines where several natives reside may likely be resisted by the population due to cultural factors. They may prefer not to have such improvements in view of traditional values. Another example is the pollution impact of some technological improvements particularly in the industrial sectors.
The choice and adaptability of new technology should therefore be carefully studied. The short, medium, and long term impact of such technology is very important particularly for developing economies. The benefits should always be greater than the costs.
I am inclined to support both positions because both views have their own validity. However, I am more convinced that technological advancement is beneficial to countries so long as they are aware of the disadvantages of such technology.
ETS官方托福作文满分范文：科技改变世界2
Nowadays,we are in an age of technological revolutions. Many conveniences have been brought to us by technology and science. I agree with the statement that technology has made the world abetter place to live. The reasons and examples are chiefly as follows:
The developments of compudters and internet have improved our life styles dramatically. Computers have changed our traditional ways of reading and writing, which bring us great convenience. The combanation of computers and internet has made our living quite different from before. Elecotronic mail is a useful example: computer users can communicate with one another across the globe. Electronic mail is particularly beneficial for language students. Learners can enjoy language exchange with native speakers through electronic mail.
Another good example is the invention of automobiles. Actually automobiles have been an integral part of every industrial economy. Many people use an automobile to get to work, many others - trademan, salesman, taxi drivers, police men - use automobiles as part of their work. On a larger scale, car production is possibly the most important element of national industrial performance. All in all, it is incrediable to imagine a mordern world will be like without anutomobiles.
Likewise, international jet transport has had some revolutioanry effects on our lifestyles. Beacause the high speed and relatively low costs of this type of travel, it has changed the way people look at the world. Today the world is much smaller than it was in the past.
Adimittedly, technological advances also caused so unpleasant effects such as pollution of automobile exhaust fumes, and noise of transport vechiels. But as people have realized those problems and are trying to find ways to solve them, on the whole, I believe thatn thechnology has made the world a better place to live.
ETS官方托福作文满分范文：科技改变世界3
Standing at the turn of the new century, we observe the twentieth century as a great advance in technology. With those advances, human lives have changed dramatically. In some ways, life is worse, but mostly, it is better. So personaly speaking, I am, and probably will always be, one of those who agree with the idea that technology has made the world a better place to live. First of all, technology has brought with it a more comfortable life. Not only do we use aircondition and heating system during the summer and winter, but also do we take many changes in food preparation methods to make so delicious food. Due to the development of architecture and so on, living conditions are greatly improved nowadays.
Besides, the world is now more convenient to live. We can travel around by aeroplane and railway network. We can talk to each other faraway by telephone. Several score years ago, it was even daydreaming that we could today obtain information as well as commodities via Internet. The last but not the least, through the process of technology improvement, people begin to realize the fact that only reconciling with the nature can we keep a continuous development. That is why we today pay so much attention to environmental protection. Many factories have achieved economic growth without pollution under certain new technology. These cities are beginning to be very beautiful places to live in.
Instances of the same sort can be multiplied indefinitely. When taking into account all these merits we may safely arrive at the conclusion that advantages of technology outweigh any disadvantage it may bring to our lives. Though I must admit that people sometimes invent some things that threaten the lives of themselves, no one can ignore the additional convenience and satisfaction offered by technology, and just with such experience the human being forge ahead swiftly to the future.
ETS官方托福作文满分范文：科技改变世界4
With the development of technology, there have been a lot of changes to our life. Admittedly, some of these changes are bad, causing many environmental and social problems. However, most of these changes contribute to making our life more convenient, more comfortable and more wonderful.
First of all, due to the improvement of technology, people can enjoy more convenience than ever. For example, it only takes travelers or businessmen several hours to go to other countries by jet plane, which makes the world seem to be much smaller. With the help of Internet, people at different corners of the world can communicate with significantly high speed and low cost. It is technology that has cleared away the barriers that once prevented people from leading a convenient life.
Secondly, technology has made our life as comfortable as we can imagine. Sitting in air- conditioned rooms, people do not have to suffer the extremely cold or hot weather any more. Whatever vegetable or fruit we want to eat, we can always find it in a supermarket without worrying about the season. We can also go to work in a place far away from our homes by using automobiles or public transportation tools.
In addition, technology provides us many choices to spend our spare time. Listening to music by using an MD, MP3 or walkman, surfing the internet or watching digital movies, all of these entertainments make our life wonderful. In conclusion, although technology has brought about some problems, such as air pollution caused by increasing automobiles, ethnic problems caused by cloning human beings, the benefits of technology far outweigh its bad influences. So it is safe to say that technology has made the world a better place to live.
ETS官方托福作文满分范文：科技改变世界5
Whether technology has made the world a better place to live is a prevalent topic undergoing serioius debate. After pondering it from several aspects, I totally agree it is true that technology has made the world a better place to live. This I support with the following reasons As we know, firstly technology can help people to live a longer life. A small example can give some light to this point. At the stone age, our ancestors’ average age is about 25. Due to the development of medical technology, now people’s average age is two or three times of that time. Another reason why I prefer to this choice lies in the fact that technology ameliorate the environment in which people living in. for example, thousand of yeas ago people lived in caves, which are cold in winter and hot in summer. With using Architectural technology, people build up houses, skyscrapers. Living in them, people enjoy the comfortable lives without worrying about the whether it is hot,cold or rainy outside.
Finally I want to mention that technology has bring our lives more and more convenience. For instance, many people like music, classic music or pop music. At the beginning, people must go to the theater whenever he wanted to hear a song..Today, by using great technologies, walkman and discman are supplied for the music fans. Then they can enjoy their favorite songs anywhere andanytime.
From what has been discussed above, we can safely draw the conclusion that technology has made the world a better place to live.
How Does Technology Impact Your Daily Life?
Over the last two decades, our lives have been slowly taken over by technology. Take a moment to look around you. How many screens do you see? Did you include the one you’re reading this on?
Our Wi-Fi-enabled gadgets have changed the way we work, play, and even raise our children. Today’s offices would be unrecognizable to workers of the past thanks to the proliferation of emails, video conferencing, tablets, laptop computers, and other relatively recent innovations. Meanwhile, more and more of our personal time is influenced by our gadgets (OK, smart phones) with each passing day.
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The novelty of constant online connections and instant communication may have begun to wear thin for older generations, but the next wave of Americans have no such qualms. Their tech-dependent lifestyles are already causing huge changes in both the professional and private spheres. The change may be inevitable…unless theWi-Fi cuts out, of course.
Our Digitized Professional Lives
As many as 79% of employees now “work on virtual teams,” be it by email, online collaboration, messaging, video conferences, or some combination of any of the above. A Pew Research study found “94% of jobholders are Internet users.” This includes full-time, part-time, and freelance workers in technology companies, big corporations, and small businesses, who work in cities, the suburbs, rural America, and everywhere in between.
For most of the last century, communicating professionally meant writing letters, sending faxes, or spending hours on the phone. Not anymore. Email is now theprimary means of communication in the modern workplace. We are communicating more, faster, and better than ever before. And employers have been reaping the benefits. A major report cited by British newspaper The Telegraph found that the incorporation of technology into the workplace has led to an “84% increase in productivity per hour for office workers since the 1970s.” The major influencers? Email, business software, and yes, even cell phones.
Technology Gets Personal
We don’t leave technology at the workplace. In fact, our private lives might beeven more tech-enabled than our professional lives. In the 1980s and 1990s, our televisions were often the height of our home technology. Some people had clunky personal computers, a Nintendo for the kids, and maybe even a telephone in their car(remember those?).
Information from the Census Bureau tells us that 15% of homes had a personal computer in 1989; by that number climbed to 75%. Now we have desktop computers, laptops, smartphones, tablets, Apple watches, GPS-enabled cars, and more coming every day. Forget unplugging after the 5 or-6 o’clock whistle blows—we plug in instead.
In fact, going without tech might trigger an existential crisis for some (that sound you hear is Albert Camus rolling over in his grave). Our technology helps us learn,date, eat, socialize, and so much more.
The only time we don’t use technology is when we are exercising flying sleeping, well, dead. For now…
A New Generation of Digital Natives
Anyone born before the advent of technology in their daily lives is considered a“digital immigrant.” Older generations invented our tech-enabled society, but thegenerations born in this millennium are the first true “digital natives.”
While the “digital rehab” programs older generations have begun using to push back against the all-consuming digital saturation are gaining traction, these programs may make as much sense to younger generations as getting up from the couch to change the channel on the TV. The genie is out of the bottle, and technology is said to have even changed the way younger generations perceive reality.
We’re assuming they perceive reality as that thing happening just beyond the horizon of their laptop, tablet, or smartphone screen (as long as someone is tweeting about it). Although it’s easy to make fun of the next generation’s digital obsession, it will soon be impossible to ignore it. The digital natives are on pace to outnumber the digital immigrants before long.
The Bottom Line
Technology is now so integrated with our lives that going without it can causesevere anxiety for some. It’s not hard to see why. Technology has taken over.
Both our professional and personal lives are now technology dependent. While older generations are fighting back with unplugged retreats, the next wave of Americans can’t picture their lives without tech. They might not have anything to worry about. The future favors these digital natives.
新托福写作素材：整合学校资源
Reorganize: Resources
Resources of time, money, and facilities must be restructured. The school day should allow for more in-depth project work beyond the 45-minute period, including block scheduling of classes two hours or longer. Schools should not close for a three-month summer vacation, but should remain open for student activities, teacher development, and community use. Through the practice of looping, elementary school teachers stay with a class for two or more years,deepening their relationships with students. More money in school districtsshould be directed to the classroom rather than the bureaucracy.
New school construction and renovation should emphasize school design that supports students and teachers collaborating in teams, with pervasive access to technology. Schools can be redesigned to also serve as community centers that provide health and social services for families, as well as counseling and parenting classes.
Reality Check: The school year at the Alice Carlson Applied Learning Center, in Fort Worth, Texas, consists of four blocks of about nine weeks each. Intersession workshops allow its K-5 students time for hands-on arts, science, and computer projects or sports in addition to language arts and math enrichment.
新托福写作素材重点搭配摘抄:
deepening their relationships with students ： 加深跟学生的关系
be directed to ：转向到
construction and renovation：建设和修缮
A strong ability to be cooperative and work with others is more valuable than a strong ability to lead others.
We should require our young children (5-10) to learn music and art in addition to math, science history and language.
托福写作词汇分类汇总 科技类常用词整理一览
非常先进的 adj. state-of-the-art
尖端的 adj. cutting-edge
彻底变革 vt. revolutionize
自动化的 adj. automated
机械化的 adj. mechanized
电脑生成的 adj. computer-generated
组装线 assembly line
大规模生产 mass-production
省钱的 adj. cost-effective/ economical
深刻改变 vt. transform
突破 n. breakthrough
打破(传统的)界限 break boundaries
无限的可能 endless possibilities
发展 v.&n. advance
信息过剩 information overload
信息爆炸 information explosion
自给自足 n. self-sufficiency
虚拟世界 the virtual world
脱离现实 be detached from reality
(电脑的)摄像头 n. webcam
不可想象的 adj. inconceivable
远程通讯 n. telecommunications
高生产率的 adj. productive
自动化 n. automation
可利用的 adj. available
新颖的 adj. novel
耐用的 adj. durable
对用户友好的，方便使用的 adj. user-friendly
常规的 adj. conventional
增进，提高 vt. enhance = boost
加速 speed up/ accelerate
生产，制造 vt. manufacture
标准化的 adj. standardized
印刷机 printing press
电报 n. telegraph
外科手术 n. surgery
采用 vt. adopt
在家远程上班 n. telecommuting
网络银行(业务) online banking
提高效率 augment/ enhance/ boost efficiency
提高生产效率 augment/ enhance/ boost productivity
减少人力的机器 labor-saving machinery
取代人力的机器 labor-replacing machinery
自动化 n. automation
生物技术 n. biotechnology
克隆 v. clone
远程通讯 n. telecommunications
太空探索 space exploration/ space probe
人的基因构成 one’s genetic makeup/ one’s DNA programming
创新 n. innovations
有独创性的，精巧的 adj. ingenious
以惊人的速度 at a staggering rate
超轻的 adj. ultra-lightweight
超薄的 adj. ultra-thin
便携的 adj. portable
天线 n. antenna
器官移植 organ transplant
心脏起搏器 n. pacemaker
交易 n. transactions
载人登月 manned landing on the Moon
载人航天器 manned spacecraft
通讯卫星 telecommunications satellite
气象卫星 weather satellite/ meteorological satellite
发射台 launch pad
哈勃太空望远镜 the Hubble Space Telescope
防弹背心 bulletproof vest
尖端的技术 cutting-edge technology
信息爆炸 information explosion ( or over-load)
信息时代 the information age ( or era)
互联网的广泛应用 the proliferation of the Internet/ the extensive use of the Internet/ the widespread use of the Internet
科技创新及发展 technological innovations/ inventions/ advances/ progressions
托福考试作文独立写作范文：学生是否需要起早去上学
Some people think it is the best approach for students to learn if school start the day at a early time in the morning. But someone think the school should start the day at late time. Which one do you prefer? Use specific reasons and detailed examples to support your answer.
题目大意：学生是否需要起早去上学。老师建议大家选择反对，即认为孩子可以晚点去上学，因为一方面可以保证孩子的休息，从而提高课堂效率，另一方面避免孩子遭遇早高峰，有助于保证好的心情，从而减少对学习的干扰。
托福写作模板及参考答案：
托福写作范文参考一:
Many schools are planning to postpone the first class in the morning for less lateness and better educating quality. However, the schedule of late classes will cultivate students’ indolence, and pose many other negative effects. As a result, starting class late would not effectively reduce the rate of lateness and cannot secure the educating efficacy.
Firstly, early classes in the morning will force the students to keep a disciplined life style. In order to attend the first class, students have to get up early in the morning. This habit brings many benefits. For example, young people will live a much healthier life. Keeping the schedule in mind, they would no longer dally at night before sleep, and save their time in the morning. Then, they can have a good rest in the evening and keep themselves energetic at daytime. Besides, they could also shape many of their excellent characteristics, like self-discipline or persistence. Leaving the cozy bed requires a powerful willpower when we start a new day, and doing this every day asks for a strong self-control. Both of these virtues are keys to success. And one of the well-known, Kobe Bryant, is a beneficiary of starting his day early in the morning. He once gave his secret to become the MVP in the basketball playground. It was his getting up early in the 4 AM that contributes him. In conclusion, both physical and psychological benefits can be gained by the disciplined life style led by the early classes.
In addition, early start in the morning also leaves more extracurricular time for students. Earlier starting class generally results in earlier off-class. More spare time after class enables students to conduct other activities, such as further exploring in study, deepening their interests or doing some other activities. Those activities would help students to improve themselves. In spare time, students can do some practical experiments to apply knowledge into practice, which allow them to have in-depth understanding in knowledge learnt in class. Students would be also capable of learning instrument, painting or doing sports with abundant of time after class. Those extracurricular activities help students to achieve complete development. Obviously, earlier start in the morning means a longer day, providing more spare time for students to enrich their life and promote themselves in learning.
Late classes, to a degree, may lower the absence rate at the beginning. This is because that students do not need to be hurry in the morning, especially for those who cannot get up early. In the long run, however, the original purpose cannot be realized effectively. The allowance of starting class later would indulge the bad habits of procrastination. Some students will tend to put off all tasks late at night, if they do not need to get up early. Staying up later would in turn make students get up later. This is a vicious circle. As a result, students’ biological clock will be re-adjusted, making it harder for them to get up on time. Therefore, the absence rate would be decreased again.
In summary, compared to making classes late in the morning, starting the day early would bring many benefits in learning. Students would be able to maintain a healthy life physically and mentally, and to explore in study, all of which contribute to a higher quality of learning.
范文参考二:
In the contemporary society, the length of study time on the part of students has become one of the most hottly debated issue among the general public. When it comes to whether students should be required to arrive school at the early time in the morning, people’s notions may vary from one to another. In my eyes, starting school day at a late time is a better choice for the following reasons.
To begin with, arriving school at the late time will ensure students have a good rest and thus contributes to the improvement of their study efficiency. As is common sense, the increasingly heavy study burden on the shoulder of students has squeezed their leisure time so much that their sleeping time cannot be guaranteed. As a result, with the implementation of starting school day in a late time, the quality of their rest will be improved, with the consequence that their attention will be more concentrated in class. On the contrary, shortening their rest time by requesting students begin class early will definitely produce a negative effect on their study. To be specific, it will be common to observe that students feel so sleepy as to have a short nap during the class.
In addition, students who start school day in a late time will obviously avoid being stuck in traffic jam and thus have a better mood in the morning. Undoubtedly, under the drive of a cheerful frame of mind, children will raise their efficiency of study to a large extent. The experience of my cousin, Tom, can serve as a good example to shed some lights on the above reasoning. Tom, a student in a middle school of Beijing, used to be required to arrive school at 8 a.m. every morning in order to prepare better for the National Examination of College Admission. However, the problem is that according to the regulations of most companies, employees also have to start work at 8 a.m. Therefore, it is not hard to imagine that the subways, buses and taxis are crowded with people in the morning. According to Tom’s recounting, no one will feel good after such a experience, let alone immediately devoting him/herself to study.
Taking what has been discussed into consideration, we can draw the conclusion that it is wise to require student to arrive school at a late time in the morining, in order to ensure the quality of their rest and develop a light heart.
范文参考三:
Have you experienced struggling with your pillow every morning? Have you ever choked with the traffic jams in the rush hour? Have you ever felt sleepy in the first class? No matter what scientific evidence shows us the advantages of having class early, there is a new research from Mark Fischettiof Scientific America convince us that students' efficiency can be improved by going to school later. I totally agree with the statement for it’s beneficial for both of students and teachers.
First, students' efficiency can be elevated. Under the excessive burden, students always stay up late and that’s why their sleep time has been shrunk. If they are forced to get up early, their whole day will be windy. Thus, students would waste the most substantial content of study, nevertheless, students would be more fresh and have concentrations on the class. According to Kyla Wahlstrom, director of the Center for Applied Research and Educational Improvement at the University of Minnesota. She made a research in Minnesota February that tracked 9000 students in eight public high schools in Minnesota, Colorado and Wyoming. After one semester, when school began at 8:35 a.m. or later, grades earned in math, English, science and social studies typically rose a quarter step—for example, up halfway from B to B+. This conclusion perfectly convinces everyone that students should get up later.
Second, we should follow students' biological system. Adolescents' physiology has greatly altered from their childhood because of melatonin. The later the delay, the greater the payoff.Following their biological change can make them healthy and wealthy. Take me as an example, as a teacher, most of my students would like to finish their homework and chat with friend until the mid night. They can't control their biological clock, which makes they fell very sleepy in the first class. Moreover the rate of being on duty is lower compared with other time periods.
Third, traffic problems can be released. One should know that big cities have the traffic jams all the time, which makes students choked with the road and can’t get rid of it. Moreover, students who live far away from the school are hurry to get catch up with the early classes. If schools postpone their time to be later, it will help them stagger the rush time of traffic. Nevertheless, students would start their study restlessly, which influences their mood not mention to the study efficiency. A study in from California public schools shows that students can avoid transportation problems by changing their class time. What’ more, their literature and math scores are higher on the average.
To conclude, getting up early and attend class are good for both of students and teachers. I suggest that school should postpone their class time and improve students’ efficiency.
素材补充(选自：果壳网)：(Mark Fischetti/文，IvyP/译)我们都有过早上起来与被窝作斗争，最后不得不睡眼惺忪地去上学的经历。这种现象可不是中国特有的——大洋对岸的美国家长、学生还有老师们也时常争论，中学的上课时间是不是太早了。而在过去的3年间有越来越多的研究表明，推迟上课时间有助提高学习的效果，并且上课时间越晚越好。
生物学研究显示，人在幼童时期倾向于早睡早起;而当人步入青少年时期后，昼夜节律会发生改变，导致青少年睡得更晚，起得也更晚。这种改变是由大脑内褪黑素的变化引起的，这一过程大约开始于13岁，在15到16岁明显增强，而在17到19岁时达到高峰。
那么这个现象会对学习效果产生影响吗?根据明尼苏达大学应用研究与教育改进中心主任凯拉·瓦尔斯特隆今年2月发表的论文，答案是肯定的。她跟踪调查了在明尼苏达州、科罗拉多州和怀俄明州的8所公立中学里就读的9000多名学生。结果发现，如果上课时间调整到早上8：35或者更晚，一个学期之后，学生们的数学、英语、科学和社会学成绩普遍提高了1/4个等级，例如从B提高到了B与B+的中间位置。
另有两篇由瓦尔斯特隆评议但还未发表的研究论文也获得了相似的结论。在美国空军学院进行的一项对照实验也验证了这一结论，因为在大学一年级时不同组的学员开始上课的时间不同。此外，一项研究显示，由于交通问题导致北卡罗来纳州不同地区的学校上课时间不同，结果上课时间较晚的学校，学生的数学和阅读成绩较高。还有其它研究表明，推迟上课时间可以提高出勤率，以及减少青少年抑郁和交通事故的发生率。这些都因为晚点上课可以让青少年获得更充足的睡眠。
多项研究表明，与把上课时间从早上7:15调到7:45的学校相比，上课时间从7:30改为8:00的学校里的学生的学习成绩有更大幅度的提高。来自巴西、意大利和以色列的研究也获得了相似的结论。之所以上课时间推迟会获得这些好处，其关键是青少年保证了至少8个小时的充足睡眠，而如果能达到9小时就更好了。相比之下，在欧洲，很少有中学会在上午9点以前开始上课。
不支持推迟上课时间的人们曾担心这样会影响学生的正常作息。不过结果表明，学生们在进行课余活动或是兼职工作时，并没有受到上课时间改变的影响。研究结果甚至对校车接送问题也提供了更好的解决办法。许多学校都是先接中学生上学，然后再接小学生，而将这一顺序调换可以让高中生们的上学时间推迟。这样做除了可以让他们受益之外，对他们的弟弟妹妹们也有好处——有研究表明幼儿在早晨更清醒，更愿意学习。
托福写作词汇分类汇总 科技类常用词整理一览
非常先进的 adj. state-of-the-art
尖端的 adj. cutting-edge
彻底变革 vt. revolutionize
自动化的 adj. automated
机械化的 adj. mechanized
电脑生成的 adj. computer-generated
组装线 assembly line
大规模生产 mass-production
省钱的 adj. cost-effective/ economical
深刻改变 vt. transform
突破 n. breakthrough
打破(传统的)界限 break boundaries
无限的可能 endless possibilities
发展 v.&n. advance
信息过剩 information overload
信息爆炸 information explosion
自给自足 n. self-sufficiency
虚拟世界 the virtual world
脱离现实 be detached from reality
(电脑的)摄像头 n. webcam
不可想象的 adj. inconceivable
远程通讯 n. telecommunications
高生产率的 adj. productive
自动化 n. automation
可利用的 adj. available
新颖的 adj. novel
耐用的 adj. durable
对用户友好的，方便使用的 adj. user-friendly
常规的 adj. conventional
增进，提高 vt. enhance = boost
加速 speed up/ accelerate
生产，制造 vt. manufacture
标准化的 adj. standardized
印刷机 printing press
电报 n. telegraph
外科手术 n. surgery
采用 vt. adopt
在家远程上班 n. telecommuting
网络银行(业务) online banking
提高效率 augment/ enhance/ boost efficiency
提高生产效率 augment/ enhance/ boost productivity
减少人力的机器 labor-saving machinery
取代人力的机器 labor-replacing machinery
自动化 n. automation
生物技术 n. biotechnology
克隆 v. clone
远程通讯 n. telecommunications
太空探索 space exploration/ space probe
人的基因构成 one’s genetic makeup/ one’s DNA programming
创新 n. innovations
有独创性的，精巧的 adj. ingenious
以惊人的速度 at a staggering rate
超轻的 adj. ultra-lightweight
超薄的 adj. ultra-thin
便携的 adj. portable
天线 n. antenna
器官移植 organ transplant
心脏起搏器 n. pacemaker
交易 n. transactions
载人登月 manned landing on the Moon
载人航天器 manned spacecraft
通讯卫星 telecommunications satellite
气象卫星 weather satellite/ meteorological satellite
发射台 launch pad
哈勃太空望远镜 the Hubble Space Telescope
防弹背心 bulletproof vest
尖端的技术 cutting-edge technology
信息爆炸 information explosion ( or over-load)
信息时代 the information age ( or era)
互联网的广泛应用 the proliferation of the Internet/ the extensive use of the Internet/ the widespread use of the Internet
科技创新及发展 technological innovations/ inventions/ advances/ progressions
托福写作：提高写作成绩的办法
第一，需要考生有一定的英语语法基础。
语法一直是中国英语教育的核心，对于中国学生来讲一般不是太大的困难。而且新托福写作对于学生的语法要求不会很高，在懂得主谓宾正常的构句规则的基础上，加上对各种从句以及几个特殊句式(强调句、倒装句)的运用，就足以应付托福写作。很多基础相对来说薄弱的考生经常会遇到的困境是：对英语的语法产生恐惧，因为不写不错，一写就错。这部分考生克服这个困难的办法是：多去动笔写，写完了让老师或者是身边英语比较好的同学帮忙改，弄懂每一个语法错误是为什么道理，切不可消极怠工，意志沉沦。
第二，文章结构最重要。
托福写作通常是一个五段三点式的写作，通常我们也叫鱼骨头(Fish Bone)式。这样的结构就是最为普遍的议论文结构，开头段+中间三段+结尾段。千万不要小看这样的结构，以为这样的结构过于简单，过于八股。其实，新托福写作考查的也就是考生是否会熟练运用这样的结构去表达自己对一个观点的看法。美国的高中生会专门用一年的时间来学习这样的结构。所以在准备托福写作的时候，应该特别注意要熟练运用五段三点式这样的结构。
第三，语言需要有一定程度上的多样性。
语言多样性分为句式的多样性和词汇的多样性。新托福考试说到底，还是在考查学生的语言能力。文章结构就是一个人的骨架，那么剩下来的工作就是需要往这具空空的骨架中添加进生动的血肉，这就是我们的语言了。新托福写作考试对于考生的语言水平最基本的要求是没有太多的语法错误，也就是考生所犯的语法错误不会影响到文章的理解。在这个基础上，新托福考试还要求学生会熟练运用一些句式、词汇，使文章看起来很native。
第四，我们必须注意中西方文化的差异对于我们新托福写作的影响。
这里最为典型的一点就是，西方人的思路是演绎式的(deduction)，他们会先把自己最主要的观点亮出来，然后再针对自己的观点做进一步的阐释;而中国人的思路是归纳式的(induction)，中国人擅于先大段的说理论证，分析各种可能的情况，然后最后加上一个总结，也就是自己的观点。在新托福写作中我们一定要使用演绎式的写作方式，切忌使用归纳式的方式。原因在于：使用演绎式的写作方式，一开始就亮出观点，使读者很清晰地明白作者的观点，于是读者就会更好地理解下面的相关论证，使得读者更容易觉得文章的思路清晰，逻辑严密;而使用归纳式的写作方式，读者在阅读之前的论证的时候，自己心里也会产生一个自己的观点，也就是说读者自己就会先于作者得出一个观点，要是当最后作者的观点与读者的观点相异时，就会很容易的使读者认为作者的思路不清晰，逻辑不严密。这就是中国式思路归纳式的缺点。
第五，我们必须要注意新托福机考的特殊性。
从小到大，我们写过无数的作文，考过无数的考试，但是机考对于一般的考生来说几乎都是第一次。新托福考试实施的是网络机考，也就是说我们的作文都需要在考试的时候用键盘敲出来，这个对于一般的考生来说也会是一个不大不小的障碍。针对于机考，我们平时就需要注意练习。现在的孩子都会用网络聊天，打字速度飞快，但是，你们平时都是用英文聊天的么?中文和英文的打字习惯是不一样的，需要我们平时慢慢地去适应，而且平时一定要花时间去适应，否则考试的时候一定会吃亏。并且，很多孩子平时在家都使用的是笔记本电脑，而正式考试的时候使用是台式机，笔记本电脑和台式机的键盘是有所区别的，手感也是有很大的差异，所以平时练习写作的时候需要使用最普通的电脑键盘。这些细节往往就是决定成败的重要砝码。
托福写作赏析：Food has become easier to prepare
Nowadays, food has become easier to prepare. Has this change improved the way people live? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
范文
The twentieth century has brought with it many advances. With those advances, human lives have changed dramatically. In some ways life is worse, but mostly it is better. Changes in food preparation methods, for example, have improved our lives greatly.
The convenience of preparing food today is amazing. Even stoves have gotten too slow for us. Microwave cooking is much easier. We can press a few buttons and a meal is completely cooked in just a short time. People used to spend hours preparing an oven-cooked meal, and now they can use that time for other, better things. Plus, there are all kinds of portable, prepackaged foods we can buy. Heat them in the office microwave, and lunch at work is quick and easy.
Food preparation today allows for more variety. With refrigerators and freezers, we can preserve a lot of different foods in our homes. Since technology makes cooking so much faster, people are willing to make several dishes for even a small meal. Parents are more likely to let children be picky, now that they can easily heat them up some prepackaged macaroni and cheese on the side. Needless to say, adults living in the same house may have very different eating habits as well. If they don't want to cook a lot of different dishes, it's common now to eat out at restaurants several times a week.
Healthful eating is also easier than ever now. When people cook, they use new fat substitutes and cooking sprays to cut fat and calories. This reduces the risk of heart disease and high cholesterol. Additionally, we can buy fruits and vegetable fresh, frozen or canned. They are easy to prepare, so many of us eat more of those nutritious items daily. A hundred years ago, you couldn't imagine the process of taking some frozen fruit and ice from the freezer, adding some low-fat yogurt from a plastic cup and some juice from a can in the refrigerator, and whipping up a low-fat smoothie in the blender!
Our lifestyle is fast, but people still like good food. What new food preparation technology has given us is more choices. Today, we can prepare food that is more convenient, healthier, and of greater variety than ever before in history.
托福口语成绩到底是怎么算的?官方评分标准讲解分析
托福口语成绩如何计算?
首先，在托福考试中，判分员分为E-Rater和Human-Rater。E-Rater即机器判分，比如我们的托福阅读和听力部分，包括写作也会用E-Rater先粗判一下基本的拼写和语法方面。Human-Rater则是主要负责口语部分和写作更高层级的判分工作。
判分员来源于不同的岗位，比如大学教授、国际学校教师、美国高等院校考试测评专业的学生等。在经过了笔试、面试和严格的筛选培训流程后才能上岗。然后分配到具体的某个科目专人专项进行判分。以托福口语为例，每个评分员开始判分工作之前都需要完成当日校准。即他们会被要求给一些“预置答案”判分，这些答案都是由资深判分小组提前定义好了分数，用来检测当日判分员是否能达到准确判分的要求。只有通过了才会被分配真实考生的答案并进行判分。在当天的真实考试判分过程中，系统还会给他们随机分配这样的“预置答案”，以便监控全天判分过程中的准确度。
在我们的考试结束后，考生的口语部分录音回答将被送到 ETS总部，由 3 到 6 位经认证的评分员按照 0 到 4 的评分标准(五个整数分数段)进行全面评分。判分员在进行判分时，判分系统上会有4、3、2、1、0各个档位的标准答案，供判分员参考以便矫正自己判分的准确度。若判分标答参考不足以帮助判分员界定分数，他们可以申请组长来帮助自己完成判分。最终六道口语题的分数加在一起(0-24分)，取算数平均值(0-4分之间，但会出现小数点后0/.83/.66/.50/.33/.16六种不同情况)根据转换表，来转换为0-30分的总分。
托福口语分太低还可以复议?
ETS会定期对判分员进行数据抽查，以保证考生能够获得公平科学的成绩。不合格的判分员会被回炉重造甚至辞退。总而言之，ETS是个做事严谨的机构，我们所有考生要认真对待自己的分数，对于“复议”也不能抱有太多侥幸心理。当然，如果考生特别自信地认为自己的答案被误判了，那还是应该勇敢地选择复议。
怎样用十个被动句子来练习托福口语
1. I got plucked. 我未被录取。
2. He got dismissed. 他被开除了。
3. You are bound to be received warmly. 你定会受到热情接待。
4. I preferred to be assigned something more difficult to do. 我宁愿被分配(得到)些更困难的工作做。
5. He was often spoken about. 他常被人们谈到。
6. It is considered a shame to cheat in examination. 考试舞弊是可耻的。
7. It was found difficult for us to understand him. 我们发现要了解他是很难的。
8. It was proved wrong to say things like that. 已经证明那种讲法是不对的。
9. It is requested that you kindly take immediate action in the matter. 对于此事，请速做处理。
10. It hasn’t been made clear when the new road is open to traffic. 新路什么时候通车还没有宣布
托福口语中的那些外来词
1、Karaoke 卡拉OK
Language of Origin: Japanese
来源语：日语
About the Word:
It comes from the Japanese kara (“empty”) + ōke, short for ōkesutora (“orchestra”).
该词来源语日语的kara(空的)和ōke(“乐团”的缩写)，即“空荡荡的乐团”。
Karaoke became popular in Japan among businessmen in the late 1970s, and gained widespread popularity in the U.S. in the late 1980s.
上世纪70年代后期，卡拉OK开始在日本商务人士当中流行起来，上世纪80年代后期盛行于美国。
2、Kowtow 屈从、献媚
Language of Origin: Chinese
来源语：汉语
About the Word:
It comes from the Chinese kòutóu – kòu (“to knock”) plus tóu (“head”) – and originally referred to kneeling and touching one's head to the ground as a salute or act of worship to a revered authority.
该词来源语汉语里的“叩头”一词，即以双膝跪地、头触地的形式对权重人士表示尊敬。
The noun arrived in English in the early 1800s, and within a few decades had taken on the “fawn” or “suck up” verb meaning we use today.
该词在19世纪早期被吸纳进英语词汇，后来几十年间，该词在英语中的意思逐渐固定为“巴结、献媚”。
3、Ketchup 番茄酱
Language of Origin: Malay
来源语：马来语
About the Word:
This all-American condiment started out as a spicy, fermented fish sauce in Malaysia.
如今已成为美国标志性佐料的番茄酱最开始在马来西亚起源时其实是一种带辣味的发酵鱼露。
That version, known as kěchap, made its way first to Europe and then to the New World, where tomatoes eventually became the defining ingredient.
那种鱼露的名字叫kěchap，最先传到欧洲，然后才到达美洲新大陆，在那里，kěchap的主料逐渐变成了番茄。
Elsewhere, ketchup retains an earlier identity. Traditional English ketchup, for example, is a pureed seasoning based on mushrooms, unripe walnuts, or oysters.
在其他国家，番茄酱仍然保留原来的配料。例如，传统的英式番茄酱是由蘑菇、尚未成熟的核桃或牡蛎制成的酱料。
4、Hazard 危险
Language of Origin: Arabic
来源语：阿拉伯语
About the Word:
Hazard dates to the time of the Crusaders and involves a game of chance.
Hazard一词的来源要追溯到十字军东征时期，与投机游戏有关。
According to the most likely theory, the original hazard (“al-zahr,” in Arabic) was a die. Players would roll the dice and bet on the outcome.
可能性最高的一种说法是，hazard最开始其实就是个骰子。玩家通过掷骰子、猜点数来赌输赢。
English got the word from French. In English, hazard eventually came to name any chance, risk, or source of danger.
英语中的hazard一词来源于法语，指机遇、风险或危险的源头。
一所你曾经读过的学校
Describe a school that you have attended.
描述一所你曾经就读过的学校。
I like my university, Nanjing university, which locatesthe center area of Nanjing.
我喜欢我的大学南京大学,它坐落在南京的中心区域。
We have dormitories, teaching buildings andrefectories named by number and research buildingsnamed by subject.
我们的宿舍,教学建筑和食堂都是按照编号命名，而科研楼则按照研究主题命名。
So you can easily find a specific spot.
所以你很容易就可以地找到一个特定的地点。
There is also a large playground and gym with a number of exercise facilities.
这所大学还有一个大操场及具有很多运动设施的体育馆。
Furthermore, it has beautiful scenery in the campus, and there are lots of trees, flowers andgrasses, so you can enjoy the fresh air and the euphonic birds'singing in the morning.
此外,在校园里有着美丽的风景,有很多的树,花花草草,所以早上你可以呼吸新鲜的空气，听悦耳的鸟儿歌唱。
一个让你高兴的好消息
Describe some good news that made you happyand explain why.
讲述一个让你非常高兴的好消息,并解释原因。
I'll tell you a good news of myself.
我要告诉你个好消息。
You know what?
你知道吗?
I have just received an offer which tells me that I wasaccepted to be an editor in Xinhua news Agency, which is the most important news agency in China.
我刚刚收到通知，我被新华社录取，成了一名编辑,要知道它可是中国最重要的新闻机构。
Every one of my classmates admires me because I am the only one who receives this offer.
我的每一个同学都羡慕我,因为我是唯一收到通知的人。
I dreamed to be a journalist when I was still in middle school and thus I chose journalism as mymajor in the university.
我梦想着成为一名记者,当我还上初中的时候,我就选择新闻作为我大学学习的专业。
When I graduate from the university, I found it very difficult for a female undergraduate to be ajournalist in China, but I proved myself in the end, and got this offer.
当我从大学毕业时,我发现中国的女大学生很难对成为一名记者,但我最终证明了自己,得到了通知。
★ 托福写作以及技巧
★ 托福写作经典句型
★ 托福写作例证素材
