以下是小编帮大家整理的托福写作考试中有哪些常见角度（共含8篇），仅供参考，欢迎大家阅读。同时，但愿您也能像本文投稿人“路边的lulu”一样，积极向本站投稿分享好文章。
托福写作考试中有哪些常见角度
写作角度
1、从方便角度说;(Convenience)
2、从情感角度说;(Emotion)
3、从经验角度说;(Experience)
4、从成就感角度说;(Achievement)
5、从效率角度说;(Efficiency)
6、从节约角度说;(Frugality)——时间与成本两方面
7、从健康角度说;(Health)——身体与心理两方面
8、从安全角度说;(Security)
9、从性格角度说;(Personality)
10、从乐趣角度说;(Happiness)
11、从长久、耐久角度说;(Durable)
12、从环保角度说;(Environment Protection)
失分点
1.用词不当
学生们在新托福写作中或多或少都会有一些用词不当的问题，但是要注意的是一些最最基本的错误是不能犯的。
? In the show， if participators answer twenty problems that the host mentioned correctly， they will get five hundreds thousand U.S. dollars as a prize.
——problems应改为questions
2.拼写错误
这里的拼写错误不是指在考试时候的误打，而是本身对词汇拼写记忆的错误。
? In conclusion， issue of whether parents are the best teachers is a complex one， requiring subjective judgement， consequently， there are no easy or certain answers.
——judgement应改为judgment
3.乱用大词
First of all， children can earn money from their jobs， although there isn’t too much， but they will keep their salary gingerliness.
这里的gingerliness根本是不知所云。该句子还有以下问题：
1)该作文题目是讲学生是否应该做兼职，因此children的出现就显得很莫名其妙;
2)although和but是不能连用的;
3)指代不明，they不知道是指代前面的什么;
4.表达中式
The second argument-it might have been noticed by others-is that in some occasion， it is quite difficult to compare parents to teachers because parents are a kind of people， teachers are a kind of vocation.
句子中划线部分的表达过于中式化。
5.表意重复
?They shocked their friends， devastated their families， crushed their best friends.
前面已经提到了朋友，后面又提到朋友。
? The show is so compelling but attractive.
?compelling和attractive是同义词，所以这里这么写就让人不明白。
6.固定用法错误
? To some extends， I agree with the author’s general assertion that if parents also have a comprehensive sense of professional knowledge.
——To some extends应改为To some extent
7.例证夸张
? For example， when a doctor faces a patient who has got cancer， the doctor cannot tell the truth， for the truth may cause the patient’s immediate death.
虽然善意的谎言是必要的，但是其功效显然没有这么大。
8.成分多余
? According to a comprehensive investigation which is carried out by Chinese Academy of Social Sciences shows that there is an increase in the number of university students who are taking part-time jobs.
该句中的shows that是多余的成分。
9.词性混乱
? However， the questions such as “Have you ever regretted marrying your husband” may be very privacy and embarrassingly.
句子中的privacy和embarrassingly应该改成private和embarrassing。
10.时态错误
新托福写作一般使用现在时态，除了拿过去事件作为例子用过去时态。
? Some people claimed that news media has enormous influence and is a detrimental creation.
托福考试写作高分技巧之言简意赅
第一种方法是用一个单词代替一组意义相同的单词，比如：
①用forget(忘记)代替do not remember(没有记住)
②用ignore(忽视)代替do not pay attention to(不注意)
③用now(现在)代替 at this point in time(此时此刻)
④用because(由于)代替due to the fact that(鉴于下列事实)
第二种方法是省略同义词或近义词。
比如在下面例句中，形容词important(重要的)和significant(有重要意义的)，就是两个同义词(也可以说是近义词)，我们可以省略important，只保留significant。
①The government project is important and significant.(这项政府计划是重要的，有重要意义。)
②The government project is significant.(这项政府计划有重要意义。)
第三种方法是在不改变句子含义的前提下，省略所有可以省略的单词。
比如在下面例句中，the cover of the book (书的封面)可以省略成the book cover，is red in color(是红色的)可以省略成is red。
①The cover of the book is red in color.(书的封面是红色的)
②The book cover is red.(书的封面是红色的)
最后我们把这三种方法结合起来，将一个冗长、绕嘴的句子，改写成一个简短、易懂的句子。
①University malls must be accessible and free from congestion in order that students, faculty and employees may have unobstructed passage through those areas of the campus.(校内道路必须是便于通行的，不拥堵的，以便让学生、教师和职员能够无阻碍地通过，到达校园的各处。)
②University malls must be free enough from congestion to allow people to walk through easily.(校内道路不应当拥堵，以便人们顺利通行。)
托福写作考试怎样分配时间呢?
熟悉考场写作三个步骤的时间分配：
第一步：审题、确定立场、列出理由最少3分钟最多5分钟。
要避免两个极端：((只需要在草稿纸上用英文单词或汉语列出各个理由，防止遗忘))
用时太少，理由没有想清楚就开始进行托福写作，不仅造成文章逻辑结构不清，还会引起行文中频繁的修正，欲速则不达;
用时太多，不要追求一次思考就能把每一条理由及相关例证都想出来。其实想出两条之后就可以动笔，各个理由的例证可以写到该段时边思考边写。这一点你不必怀疑，只要你的思维还是正常的，一定能做到。
第二步：正文写作。最少22分钟最多26分钟。
a.各段写作时注意对段落的不同部分给予不同的重视。
主题句给予最大重视，注意炼句，别说你不想写主题句，主题句可以使读者和笔者本人更清晰该段落写什么。各段中支持性细节写作不必遵循相同的模式。有n种选择可供参考：1. 举具体事例 2. 说对方相对缺点3. 使用数据 4. 使用假想例子 5. 使用类比、比喻、引用等修辞手段来论述。哪一种你最容易想出来，就用哪一种。
b.考前将文章开头、结尾、例证、让步等各种句套背熟练,并且练习和水平测试时把他们用熟，要象做完型填空一样对待考场作文。别试图在托福写作考试中再现去决定比如哪种开头好，怎样结尾好。使用自己选种的套话。
c.当被告知还有5分钟结束时，一般你已经该写到最后一条理由，或者已经在做结尾。要确保文章有结尾段。(不排除将他和最后一条理由的末段结合在一起的可能性。)
第三步：检查。需要1-3分钟，有侧重点地检查。
1、句法：确保每句话是完整的，有谓语，且简单句只有一个谓语。
2、时态：文章绝大部分使用的是一般现在时;一般现在时第三人称要使用单数;使用过去发生的事例时用的是过去时;
3、主谓一致
按此三步，持续练习5篇以上，可以确保时间问题。
整洁
1、TWE要求必须用铅笔写作文，你要自己准备好铅笔和橡皮。橡皮要有韧性，太硬会擦破纸，有错误要擦干净再改;
2、第一遍写作时要求字迹不要太大也不要太小，通常一行写10-12个左右单词为宜。如果书法不好，可以在考前练习写一下斜体的26个字母的写法 .
关于如何分配自己的托福写作考试时间的介绍天道小编就分享到这里，希望你看完之后能够对好好体会对于自己的新托福写作来说应该如何分配时间，然后找到属于自己的托福写作的节奏。
托福写作复习小技巧
在托福独立写作这一部分，主要包括：托福写作题型解析+对应写作思路、写作练习方法。
托福写作解读考试中的常见错误
1.用词不当
学生们写的作文里或多或少都会有一些用词不当的问题，但是要注意的是一些最最基本的错误是不能犯的。
In the show, if participators answer twenty problems that the host mentioned correctly, they will get five hundreds thousand U.S. dollars as a prize.
——problems应改为questions
2.拼写错误
这里的拼写错误不是指在考试时候的误打，而是本身对词汇拼写记忆的错误。
In conclusion, issue of whether parents are the best teachers is a complex one, requiring subjective judgement, consequently, there are no easy or certain answers.
——judgement应改为judgment
3.乱用大词
First of all, children can earn money from their jobs, although there isn’t too much, but they will keep their salary gingerliness.
这里的gingerliness根本是不知所云。该句子还有以下问题：
1)该作文题目是讲学生是否应该做兼职，因此children的出现就显得很莫名其妙;
2)although和but是不能连用的;
3)指代不明，they不知道是指代前面的什么;
4.表达中式
The second argument-it might have been noticed by others-is that in some occasion, it is quite difficult to compare parents to teachers because parents are a kind of people, teachers are a kind of vocation.
句子中划线部分的表达过于中式化。
托福写作词语运用的原则
一。“言简朴实原则”
“言简朴实原则”意思是行文主张不写啰嗦或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy)，句子应该越短越好，一句能用两个字，绝不多加一个。例如：
At this point in time， we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)这句话中“At this point in time”表示“现在”，我们完全可以用now来代替。
Despite the fact that my English is not very good， I am not discouraged。(虽然我的英语不好，但我不灰心。) 这句话中despite the fact tha t= although = though，因此我们完全可以改成Although my English is not very good， I am not discouraged。
In the majority of cases， he likes to ride bike to the office. (他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室)。很简单的一句话，完全可以写成 He usually likes to ride bike to the office。
平时我们所说的用词多样化和地道并不是体现在这些时间副词或者是完全可以简化的啰嗦句型上，而是指实用性极强的词如动词和形容词，比如：
Original： Solving trivial problems in the dorm will add your social experience and help you to understand other people’s feelings and learn to be kind。
Revised： Solving trivial problems in the dorm will enrich your social experience and help you to understand other people’s feelings and learn to be considerate。
add，kind表达的含义都比较宽泛。add可以指数量上的增加，也可以指程度的加强，对于“丰富经验、增加知识”这个意思，用enrich会使表达更准确。kind从字面意义上讲是“好的、善良的”，用kind来形容人无法具体地表现出一个人的性格特征到底怎样，原句中是想表达“考虑周到、体贴入微”的特点，要准确表达这个含义应选择considerate。
另外，我们常见的一些累赘用词表现在句意的理解上，比如：
He has had many years of (actual) experience in business. (他有多年经商的经验) actual是多余的，因为experience已经有actual的意味了。
We assembled (together) all the parts for our radio. (我们装好收音机的零件)assemble本身就有together的意思，因此together是多余的。
此外还有，in reference to=about; draw to close=end; at an early date=soon等。
二。“平等相处原则”
“平等相处原则”的意思是行文不出现明显的带歧视或偏见的字眼，包括男女性别，也要避免区别，以示“平等”。例如：
Many businessmen(businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful. (许多商人觉得工作压力很大)这句话写businessmen或是businesswomen都是不妥当的，可以改为business people或business executives或business managers就可以包括男女了。
Policemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy。(警察对人民应该有礼貌)假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别
Stewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes。(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant，就能包括男女空中服务员。
其他的如把salesman或saleswoman改为salesperson;把mailman改为mail carrier或postal worker;把foreman改为supervisor等。
当然，一些带有种族偏见的字眼，甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur)，也要尽量避免使用，以免闹出麻烦。例如：
对黑人不要用 Negro，更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以)，礼貌的说法是Afro-American 或 African-American;
对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字)，正确用法是 Caucasian，或 white people;
对犹太人不要用 Hymies，应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;
对越南人不要用 Gook，要用 Vietnamese;
至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人，包括 Puerto Rico，正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins，不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化，倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。
还有黑白结婚的孩子，也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼干外面是巧克力，里面是白奶油)。
当然对于一些很不礼貌的老外叫我们中国人Chink 或 Chinaman，而不是Chinese的时候，话说“君子不与小人斗”，我们可以不理(ignore)或是走开(walk away)，尽量避免冲突。
托福写作话题的练习
1)请着重关注07.06---07.12月这段未考过的机经。(附录中没有划横线的题)
2)北美前一天如有考试的机经。如果考旧题，这些题可能性较大。如果考新题，祝大家好运!
(1)1.13Many teachers assign homework to students every day. Do you think that daily homework is necessary for students? Use specific reasons and details to support your answer.
(2)1.14是否要在繁忙时间对繁忙路段课税
(3)1.19 Agree or disagree: Most people often let others make decisions for them rather than make decisions by themselves.
(4)1.26speaking important or writing important?
(5)2.3看电视比看书学的多
(6)3.3Because people are too busy doing many things，they can do few things well.
(7)3.4intoday's world, the ability to cooperate well with others is more important than before. Agree or not
(8)3.10老师给学生自信比教专门知识更重要
(9)3.23你喜欢看严肃题材的电影还是商业题材的电影?
(10)4.21电影和电视[movies and television]对年轻人的行为方式[the way young people behavior]主要是消极的影响。给出理由。
(11)4.29there are so many events happening everyday in the world, we don't have to know
(12)5.18It is better to spend money on something that lasts for a long time, such as an expensive piece of jewelry or spend on something that provides a short-term pleasure such as a vacation?
(13)5.19教师是否应该获得跟doctors,lawyers,business leaders一样的收入
(14)6.920years from now, people will have more leisure time
(15)6.16Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: Parents find it hard to control their children for the children are now influenced by many things outside home like television or movie.
(16)6.24Do you prefer to finish a project completely then to another one or do two or several projects at a time?
(17)6.30 letting a friends make a mistake is better than saying or doing something that may destroy your friendship.
(18)7.7university students should be required to take basic science classes even if they are not part of the field of the study.
(19)7.14To truly understand world event, we should get our news from newspaper; television cannot provide enough information.
(20)7.21Modern society has become more complex, so it is essential for the young people to have the ability to plan and organize.
(21)7.28Inuniversity students should take the history courses no matter what field they study.
(22)8.4Agree or disagree: The next twenty years from now on, students will not use printed books any more.
(23)8.11The only effective way to encourage energy conservation is by increasing prices of gasoline and electricity. Do you agree or disagree?
(24)8.17Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: The advice you take from the friends who are older than you is valuable than that taken form. the friends at your age
(25)8.25Do you agree or disagree: Schools should not pay so much attention to general objects but should help students prepare for specific careers and jobs.
(26)9.8 Ateacher’s ability to relate with the students is more important than have sufficient knowledge being taught.
(27) 9.15working together is better than working alone. Do you agree or disagree?
(28)9.22Do you agree or disagree：The extended family (grandparents, aunt, uncle, cousins) is less important than it was before?
(29) 9.29when relaxing, some people like to spend time alone. What's your opinion?
(30) 10.17大学应不应该要求所有的学生都学习学习除了本国文化以外的文化?
(31)10.20Some people think one’s working is more important than being with one’s family, do you agree?
(32)10.27研究动物有没有对认识human nature有帮助
(33)11.3有很多钱不工作的人都不快乐，你支持否
(34) 11.11 Advertisements make products seem better than they are. Do you agree or disagree?
(35) 11.24 People will spend less time in cooking and preparing food in 20 years later. Do you agree or disagree?
(36) 12.1 People should not pay for the public transportation. Do you agree or disagree?
(37) 12.8Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?
Advertisements are a waste of company's money and energy because consumers know what they want to buy.
(38)12.10咱们的生活生活比父辈的生活easier and more comfortable
(39) 12.15该重视学习concepts &ideas呢，还是重视学习facts呢?
托福写作如何使用万金油
“万金油”要用得妙
写一篇托福作文就如同做一盘菜，如何要将其做的色香味俱全，就靠厨子的功夫了。参考北京新东方戴云老师提出的三个“万能理由”：Career preparation/increase knowledge/new experiences以及分为10类的““万金油””：健康和安全、便利、经济、交流 、幸福和情感、成功、环保、品格、科技、教育与培训、国家与文明，这十类几乎涵盖了我们在进行文章论述时所能涉及的全部范围。所以如果能够将这些““万金油””用好，用熟，就能达到事半功倍的效果。
““万金油””是油，要用，还要活用
在托福考试时，首先是时间紧。要在半小时内完成400字左右的文章;其次，在很短时间内要根据题目想出几条支持自己论点的理由，并将其有序地组织起来，构成文章，而且还要做到语言地道。所以考生很容易手忙脚乱。所以为了避免这种情况的发生，让考生在短时间内完成一篇高质量的文章，把这盘菜做好，就需要“万金油”出场了。
要做菜，油是必不可少的。同样，在托福作文中，也一定会用到““万金油””。用的时候切忌生搬硬套，要灵活运用。
在有限的时间内，在确立了我们要写的中心论点之后，就要想出几个分论点，这时可以通过“万金油”来帮助我们节省时间，迅速定位，快速进入写作状态。
比如：Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Nowadays, people are putting too much emphasis on appearance and fashion. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
解这道题目，首先从自己出发，怎么好写，怎么容易写，去确定自己的中心论点。假如从disagree 的角度出发，要从哪几个分论点去论述人们并没有对外表和时尚putting too much emphasis 呢?
考生在现场可能会抓耳挠腮，一时不知从何下手，这时我们可以借助戴云老师的10个分类“万金油”去一一验证。
首先，可以从适用范围最广的三个万能理由去分析可行不可行：Career preparation/increase knowledge/new experiences。
对时尚外表的关注可以帮助我们的Career preparation——事业成功吗?——成功 ，也就是十类中的“成功”。
答案是可以!注重外表，关注时尚反映一个人的生活品味，个人气质会提升，进而引起人们的关注，这自然会为自己带来意想不到的工作机会，进而发展自己的事业。你可以举例，X.X就是因为平常对时尚的关注，注重外表，气质好，给人印象深刻，而在面试中脱颖而出，成功地得到一份好的工作。
接下来从其他十个分类中，进行快速定位，寻找分论点。国家与文明， 国家的范畴很大，可以展开论述。就其中的公益和慈善方面，可以举例。由于人们以时尚的关注，还能帮助他人，比如最近的“犀利哥事件”，从一个普通的流浪乞丐，因为其与众不同的穿着打扮，引起人们的关注，进而帮助他与家人团聚，唤起了人们对弱势群体的关注，进而促进了社会和谐。
第三个“健康和安全”也能用，可以说人们对时尚外表的关注，自然会崇尚健康的护肤产品，保养品，要注意保持身材，就会关注健身，要穿用对人们身体好的布料做的衣服，进而提高了人的身体健康。
第四个，经济。人们关注外表和时尚，就会进行大量消费，可以用一组数据来证明，时尚业对经济的贡献。消费刺激市场，进而推动经济发展。
第五个，幸福和情感。现代生活的压力越来越大，人们希望可以放松身心，对时尚和外表的关注，可以让人们的身心得到愉悦，缓解工作中的压力。人们只是借助时尚来放松娱乐自己，使自己的生活更加精彩，并不是put too much emphasis。
……
通过分析这道题目，我们可以看出“万金油”真的可以在托福作文中助我们一臂之力，在紧张的考场中，只要脑中有了“万金油”，就不愁找不到论点。但我们要把它用好，用对，否则会达到反效果。一定要用具体例子来辅助它，这样才可以使“做的饭菜更香”。
托福写作的高分句型整理
， 定语从句。
这应该算是写作中最常用的一种句型之一。适当地运用定语从句可以给你的文章增色不少。
例如，下面的这两个句子用上定语从句马上就变成了一个漂亮的复杂句。
Bad books contain evil thoughts. In them, there might be much description about violence, superstition, and sex.
→ Bad books, in which there might be much description about violence, superstition, and sex, contain evil thoughts.
第二， 状语从句。
在写作当中运用的最多的是以下五种状语从句，即原因状语从句，让步状语从句，条件状语从句，时间状语从句和目的状语从句。
1. 原因状语从句：常由because, as, since和for引导
Eg: Nonetheless, I am still in favor of space travel, for its merits far outweigh demerits.
尽管如此，我还是赞成太空探险，因为它的好处远远大于坏处。
2. 让步状语从句：常由although, though, even though/ if, as long as和notwithstanding引导
Eg: Although this view is wildly held, this is little evidence that education can be obtained at any age and at any place.
尽管这一观点被广泛接受，很少有证据表明教育能够在任何地点、任何年龄进行。
3. 条件状语从句：常由if, on the condition that和providing that引导
Eg: If you want to achieve something or intend to fulfill one of your ambitions, you must work hard, make efforts and get prepared.
假如你要取得成就或要实现你的雄心壮志，你必须努力工作、艰苦奋斗、准备好条件。
4. 时间状语从句：常由when和while引导
Eg: When it comes to education, the majority of people believe that education is a lifetime study.
说到教育，大部分人认为其是一个终生的学习。
5. 目的状语从句: 常由so that和in order that引导
Eg: Millions of people have to spend more time and energy on studying new skills and technology so that they can keep a favorable position in job market.
成千上万的人们不得不花费的精力和时间学习新的技术和知识，使得他们在就业市场能保持优势。
第三， 宾语从句。
Eg: Some people claim that government should be mainly responsible for the environmental pollution.
一些人认为政府应对环境污染负主要责任。
Eg: Many experts point out that, along with the development of modern society, it is an inevitable result and there is no way to avoid it.
许多专家指出这是现代社会发展必然的结果，无法避免。
第四， 同位语从句。
Eg: It is an undeniable fact that environmental pollution becomes increasingly serious.
环境污染变得越来越严重是不可否认的事实。
Eg: No one can deny the basic fact that it is impossible for average workers to master those high-technology skills easily.
没有人能否认这一基本事实：对于一般工人来讲，轻松掌握这些技术是不可能的。
第五，主语从句。
Eg: What has caught our attention is /It is noticeable that the environment in both the rural and urban areas is deteriorating.
值得注意的是农村和城市的生态环境都在不断恶化。
Eg: It is universally acknowledged that environmental pollution becomes one of the most serious problems in China or even the world as a whole.
众所周知，环境污染问题是中国乃至世界面临的最为严重的问题之一。
第六，强调句: It is + 被强调的内容 + that
Eg: It is cars and factories that release a great deal of gases, polluting the environment.
汽车和工厂排放大量的废气，使得环境被污染。
第七，倒装句。
Eg: Only if the government will take some appropriate measures, will this intractable problem be tackled.
只有政府采取适当的措施，这个棘手的问题才能被解决。
第八，被动语态。
Eg: Every means should be tried to protect the environment on which people live.
人们应竭尽全力来保护我们赖以生存的环境。
第九， 分词结构：包括现在分词和过去分词。
Eg: Tourism, which is a rising industry, has become the major source of economy, playing crucial role in many Asian countries.
旅游业是一个新兴的行业，它成为经济的主要, 在很多东南亚国家起着尤为重要的作用。
Eg: To be more specific, government should stage some relevant laws or regulations to severely punish the factory producing a great number of pollutants and the people littering or spitting deliberately.
具体来说，政府应该出台相关法律法规对制造大量污染物的工厂及故意乱扔垃圾随地吐痰的人进行严惩。
第十，插入语。
一种独立成分,与句子的其它成分一般没有语法上的关系,大都是对一句话作一些附加说明或解释。它通常由一个词、一个短语或一个句子构成,位置较为灵活,可置于句首、句中或句末,一般用逗号或破折号与句子隔开。
Eg: Computer, an indispensable part in our life, has brought us great conveniences.
电脑，我们生活中必不可少的一部分，给我们带来了极大的方便。
Eg: College students, lacking social experience, are easily cheated.
大学生，没有社会经验，容易上当受骗。
托福写作考试中4个常见的不协调错误
主谓不一致
例：When one have money ,he can do what he want to.(人一旦有了钱，他就能想干什么就干什么。)
剖析：one是单数第三人称，因而本句的have应改为has;同理，want应改为wants。本句是典型的主谓不一致。
改为：Once one has money, he can do what he wants (to do).
词性不一致
“词性不一致”常表现为：介词当动词用;形容词当副词用;名词当动词用等。
例：None can negative the importance of money.
剖析：negative 系形容词，误作动词。
改为：None can deny the importance of money.
句子前后不一致
托福写作中的句子前后不一致是指一个句子前言不对后语，或是结构上不畅通，这也是考生常犯的毛病。
例：The fresh water, it is the most important things of the earth.
剖析：The fresh water 与逗号后的it 不连贯。It 与things 在数方面不一致。
改为：Fresh water is the most important thing in the world.
指代对象不一致
这里的指代对象不一致主要讲的是代词与被指代的人或物关系不清，或者先后所用的代词不一致。把这一项单独提出来是因为大家实在很青睐这一部分：
Mary was friendly to my sister because she wanted her to be her bridesmaid.(玛丽和我姐姐很要好，因为她要她做她的伴娘。)
读完上面这一句话，读者无法明确地判断两位姑娘中谁将结婚，谁将当伴娘。如果我们把易于引起误解的代词的所指对象加以明确，意思就一目了然了。这个句子可改为：
Mary was friendly to my sister because she wanted my sister to be her bridesmaid.
例：And we can also know the society by serving it yourself.
剖析：句中人称代词we 和反身代词yourself指代不一致。
改为：We can also know society by serving it ourselves.
托福写作如何准确表达“立志”做某事
托福写作中常见话题会出现要表达“立志”做某事的意愿，很多学生会因为句子使用不当而让写作分数大打折扣，那么怎么才能准确表达“立志”做某事呢?一起来看分析。
首先，一起看看下面这些句子：
We managed to fulfill the task ahead of time.
We tried to fulfill the task ahead of time.
你可以说出这两个句子的区别么?其实，两句话的区别在于manage to do和 try to do 含义的不同。
1.manage to do 表示“设法做成某事”，强调做成的结果或希望成功的意图。
But if we insist on speaking, we can manage to do it.
但只要我们坚持说，就一定可以做到。
2.try to do 则表示“努力做某事”，只强调努力的过程，对其结果无限制，可以成功或失败。
Whatever helps you relax, try to do more of it.
任何能帮助你放松的事情，尽量多做。
现在之前例句的区别你知道了吗?
We managed to fulfill the task ahead of time.
我们成功地提前完成了任务。
We tried to fulfill the task ahead of time.
我们努力提前完成了任务(成功与否并不知晓)。
托福写作常见“名词”整理
名词
1.成就, 成功: success/ triumph/ victory/ accomplishment/ achievement/ fruition/ consummation/ attainments
2.失败: failure/ be defeated/ a case of crabs
3.观点: point of view/ standpoint/ viewpoint/ frame of reference/ theory
4.财产: treasure/ profit/ fortune/ moneybag/ wealth/ belongings/ estate/ possessions/ property/ riches/ worth
5.好处: advantage/ behoof/ benefit/ gain/ good/ stead
6.优点: excellence/ merit/ strongpoint/ virtue
7.缺点: bug/ disfigurement/ limitation/ objection/ vice/ lacuna/ defect/downside
8.发展: development/ evolution/ progress/ grow
9.普及: popularization/ prevalence.
10.出现: emergence
11.情况: circumstance/ condition
12.原因: causation/ cause/ matter/ reason
13.影响: infection/ influence/ impact
以上就是托福写作词汇中经常用到的形容词，大家要记牢这些词汇，在托福写作中，根据语境选用正确词汇，增加托福作文的趣味性和生动性，提高托福作文分数。
托福独立写作经典模板——The Definition of “Price”
在托福的备考过程中，写作模板是经常会被大家提到的备考词汇。但是，在这里也需要提醒大家，模版只是助你更快上手的，而不是拿高分的，高分写作一定是有自己的语言特色。希望我们这里提供的系列模板能为大家的备考带来帮助。
The Definition of “Price”
Prices determine how resources are to be used. They are also the means by which products and services that are in limited supply are rationed among buyers. The price system of the United States is a complex network composed of the prices of all the products bought and sold in the economy as well as those of a myriad of services, including labor, professional, transportation, and public-utility services. The interrelationships of all these prices make up the “system” of prices. The price of any particular product or service is linked to a broad, complicated system of prices in which everything seems to depend more or less upon everything else.
If one were to ask a group of randomly selected individuals to define “price”, many would reply that price is an amount of money paid by the buyer to the seller of a product or service or, in other words that price is the money values of a product or service as agreed upon in a market transaction. This definition is, of course, valid as far as it goes. For a complete understanding of a price in any particular transaction, much more than the amount of money involved must be known. Both the buyer and the seller should be familiar with not only the money amount, but with the amount and quality of the product or service to be exchanged, the time and place at which the exchange will take place and payment will be made, the form of money to be used, the credit terms and discounts that apply to the transaction, guarantees on the product or service, delivery terms, return privileges, and other factors. In other words, both buyer and seller should be fully aware of all the factors that comprise the total “package” being exchanged for the asked-for amount of money in order that they may evaluate a given price.
托福写作格式常见形式总结
第一种托福作文格式
Introduction
Background+ My Opinion / Layout
Body:
1. Opinion One/ Advantage
Topic sentence+ Reason One + Supporting Sentences
+ Reason Two + Supporting Sentences
2. Opinion Two/ Disadvantage
Topic sentence+ Reason One + Supporting Sentences
+ Reason Two + Supporting Sentences
+ Reason Three + Supporting Sentences
Conclusion:
Statement of My Opinion (for opinion two/ more disadvantages than advantages)
此类结构是双边倾向性结构，是双边结构中的一种。对大多数中国学生来说，双边结构较单边结构最大的优点是论证过程比较容易扩展。双边论证指正文两段分别论述下两个观点或优缺点。
可以做一个有趣的比喻，托福写作中双边论证的结构就像是在打一场官司，引言段引出话题，可以看作是书记员来宣布审理的案件，正文两段分别是两个观点，可以理解为被告和原告的辩护律师来列举对自己有利的证据，结尾段得出观点，即法官在总结了被告原告律师的发言后，得出自己的答案，同意哪一方，是否定罪。
第二种托福写作格式
Introduction
Background+My Opinion
Body:
1.Reason One + Supportiong Sentences(ss表示)
2.Reason Two + SS
3.Reason Three + SS
Conclusion:
Restatement of My Opinion
上述结构中的supporting sentences在议论文中的体现方式是一些论证方法，如举例子(exemplification)，对比对照(contrast& comparison)，列数据(raising figures)，让步(making concession)等来对自己支持的观点进行论证，使考官信服。
托福写作中的高频十大句型
第一：宾语从句
Eg: Some people claim that government should be mainly responsible for the environmental pollution.一些人认为政府应对环境污染负主要责任。
第二：状语从句
在托福写作当中运用的最多的是以下五种状语从句，即原因状语从句，让步状语从句，条件状语从句，时间状语从句和目的状语从句。
1.原因状语从句
常由because, as, since和for引导。托福考试写作题型解读托福临考前复习，1月12日首场托福，Eg: Nonetheless, I am still in favor of space travel, for its merits far outweigh demerits.尽管如此，我还是赞成太空探险，因为它的好处远远大于坏处。
2.让步状语从句常由although, though, even though/ if, as long as和not with standing引导Eg: Although this view is wildly held, this is little evidence that education can be obtained at any age and at any place.尽管这一观点被广泛接受，很少有证据表明教育能够在任何地点、任何年龄进行。
3.条件状语从句常由if, on the condition that和providing that引导Eg: If you want to achieve something or intend to fulfill one of your ambitions, you must work hard, make efforts and get prepared.假如你要取得成就或要实现你的雄心壮志，你必须努力工作、艰苦奋斗、准备好条件。
4.时间状语从句常由when和while引导Eg: When it comes to education, the majority of people believe that education is a lifetime study.说到教育，大部分人认为其是一个终生的学习。
5.目的状语从句常由so that和in order that引导Eg: Millions of people have to spend more time and energy on studying new skills and technology so that they can keep a favorable position in job market.成千上万的人们不得不花费的精力和时间学习新的技术和知识，使得他们在就业市场能保持优势。
第三：同位语从句
Eg: It is cars and factories that release a great deal of gases, polluting the environment.汽车和工厂排放大量的废气，使得环境被污染。
第四：主语从句
Eg: What has caught our attention is /It is noticeable that the environment in both the rural and urban areas is deteriorating.值得注意的是农村和城市的生态环境都在不断恶化。
第五：定语从句
最常用的一种句型之一。适当地运用定语从句可以给你的文章增色不少。例如，下面的这两个句子用上定语从句马上就变成了一个漂亮的复杂句。Bad books contain evil thoughts. In them, there might be much description about violence, superstition, and sex.改变后：Bad books, in which there might be much description about violence, superstition, and sex, contain evil thoughts.
第六：强调句
It is + 被强调的内容 + thatEg: It is cars and factories that release a great deal of gases, polluting the environment.汽车和工厂排放大量的废气，使得环境被污染
第七：倒装句
Eg: Only if the government will take some appropriate measures, will this intractable problem be tackled.只有政府采取适当的措施，这个棘手的问题才能被解决。
第八：被动语态
Eg: Every means should be tried to protect the environment on which people live.人们应竭尽全力来保护我们赖以生存的环境。
第九：分词结构
包括现在分词和过去分词。Eg: Tourism, which is a rising industry, has become the major source of economy, playing crucial role in many Asian countries.旅游业是一个新兴的行业，它成为经济的主要在很多东南亚国家起着尤为重要的作用。
第十：插入语
一种独立成分，与句子的其它成分一般没有语法上的关系。大都是对一句话作一些附加说明或解释。它通常由一个词、一个短语或一个句子构成位置较为灵活，可置于句首、句中或句末，一般用逗号或破折号与句子隔开。Eg: Computer, an indispensable part in our life, has brought us great conveniences.电脑，我们生活中必不可少的一部分，给我们带来了极大的方便。
如何让你的托福写作大放异彩
闪光的托福作文包含四个要素：
1、完整性：句子结构完整，意义完整;
2、连贯性：句子各部分之间以及句子之间的关系紧密、协调，前后意思连贯，思想表达清楚有序;
3、简洁性：言简意赅;
4、多样性：包括词汇多样性和句子多样性。
以上四要素中，前三个要素是前提和基础，比较容易做到;多样性是对前三个要素的升华，是作文闪光点的核心和关键所在。
托福词汇多样性：
词汇贫乏是中国学生英语作文的通病。整篇作文一个词用到底，从不作任何变化：一遇到“改变/变化”就是change，“影响”就是effect，“流行”就是popular，“认为”就是think; 每逢“因为”就是because，“意识到”就是realize，“想到”就是think of 等等。其实英语词汇很丰富的，同一个意思可以由很多不同的方式表达。
句子多样性：
单调的句式和结构、长度相近的句子使作文呆板单调，缺乏生动性和说服力;而灵活多变的句子样式和结构则使作文语言生动，自然流畅，丰富多彩。具体包括以下几个方面：
1长短句变换：简单句、并列句和复合句交替运用
长句准确生动，长于说明推理;短句简洁明快，意义明确，印象深刻，描述动作，表明主旨，总结归纳，非短句不可。既然各有所长，在写作时应根据实际需要，交替使用简单句、并列句和复合句，以达到“段间长短不一，全篇句式万千”、丰富多样的效果，给读者以及阅卷老师以永恒的新鲜感。
2结构多样化
我们学过非谓语动词结构(包括不定式结构和分词结构)，无动词结构，分隔结构，比较结构，独立结构，with复合结构，特殊否定结构，it结构，平行结构，强调结构，倒装结构，等等。其中最为神通广大的是非谓语动词结构，在句中或作主语、宾语，或作表语、宾语补足语，或作定语修饰名词，或作状语表示条件、原因、让步、时间、方式、目的、结果、伴随状况等，不一而足。
非谓语动词结构可以简化大部分英语从句，产生语言简练，结构丰富多样的效果，请看下列转化实例：
名词从句可转化为非谓语动词结构
1. That John won the marathon surprised us.
John’s winning the Marathon surprised us.
2. I have not decided whether I should vote for Clint.
I have not decided whether to vote for Clint.
定语从句可转化为非谓语动词结构
1. The man (who is) standing at the gate is my English teacher.
2. The car (that was) repaired yesterday by him is my mother's.
3. The next train that arrives is from New York.
状语从句可转化为非谓语动词结构
1. After he had watered the garden, he began to mow the lawn.
Having watered the garden, he began to mow the lawn.
2. When they are heated metals expand.
(When) Heated, metals expand.
3. Because I do not know what to do next, I want to ask for your advice.
Not knowing what to do next, I want to ask for your advice.
4. I spoke slowly and clearly in order that the audience could understand me.
…in order for the audience to understand me.
5. If we are united, we stand; if we are divided, we fail.
United, we stand; divided, we fail.
6. Though he has lived in Canada for tree years, he still cannot speak English well.
Having lived in Canada for three years, he still cannot speak English well.
无动词结构也是阅卷老师喜欢看到的亮点，原因就在于由于汉语写作惯性，中国学生很少能想到使用该结构。这种结构实质上是SVC结构的省略，包括形容词无动词结构、名词无动词结构(即同位结构)和介词无动词结构，往往放在句子开头，以逗号同主句隔开，表示原因、条件、让步、补充说明，伴随状况等意义。请看下列例子：
形容词无动词结构
1. Big and fat, Victor went to the Gym(健身馆) every Sunday morning.(原因)
2. Speechless, Henry nodded and sat on a folding seat.(伴随状语)
3. Anxious for a quick decision, the chairman called for a vote.(原因)
4. (Although)always helpful, he was not much liked by people.(让步)
5. It has little taste, unless hot.(条件)
名词无动词结构
6. A fellow Georgian(佐治亚人), Jordan was well-known as a friend of the President.(同位语)
7. Bank loan or no bank loan, we’ll buy the house.(让步)
8. Whatever the reason, his cordiality(诚恳)to her has won him a friend.(让步)
介词无动词结构
9. Because of his mistake several people died.(原因)
10. Without his sister’s money, Harry would never be a doctor.(条件)
由于写作惯性，同学们写英语作文时，很可能不会想到上述结构，而是写成分句，例如上述例1和例2可能写成：
1b. Because he was big and fat, Victor went to the Gym every Sunday morning.
2b. Henry nodded and sat on a folding seat, and kept speechless.
相比之下不难发现，无动词结构比分句效果更好，更地道，更简练，同时又丰富了作文的句子结构，不仅让读者和阅卷老师为之眼前一亮!
3主语多样化
中国人习惯于用人称主语，而英语中则常用无灵主语(inanimate subject)，即无生命的事物作主语，如：
1.The last two decades has witnessed earth-shaking changes in China.
中国在过去的二十年中发生了翻天覆地的变化。
2. A strange peace came over her when she was alone.
她独处时感到一种特别的安宁。
3. I am very sorry that the pressure of other occupations has prevented me from sending an earlier reply to your letter.
由于我近来事务繁忙，没能给于及早回复，对此我表示深深的歉意。
4. The smallest excuse would have served.
其实，你随便找个哪怕最小的借口就可以了。
5. That night sleep eluded me.
那天晚上我彻夜未眠。
6. The old house has seen better days.
这座老房子的主人曾过着更好的生活。
7. Everything at the party spoke of careful planning.
派对上的一切都说明主人进行了精心策划。
8.A terrible thought suddenly struck me—had I locked the door?
我突然产生了一个可怕的想法——我锁门了吗?
9. When he had to speak, his confidence suddenly deserted him.
等到不得不说话时，他却突然没了信心。
在英语中没有生命的事物作主语，来作为动作的发出者是相当普遍的现象，几乎和人称主语句平分秋色。但由于受汉语思维的束缚，我们往往觉得人作主语更自然，因此大多数情况下，我们中国学生不假思索地采取汉语的思维去表达，如上述例1、例5和例9，很可能会写作如下的样子：
1b. Great changes have taken place in China in the last two decades.
5b. I failed to fall into sleep that night.
5c. I kept awake all through that night.
9b. When he had to speak, he suddenly lost confidence.
我们既然已经了解了英语的这种独特思维，写托福作文时，我们要有意识地按照英语的思维去表达，这样不仅能写出地道的英语句子，也避免了作文中千篇 一律的“人”主宰一切的枯燥和沉闷的氛围。
4开头多样化
开头除了使用主语外，还可以用各种各样的结构
1. An expert in forest fire control, the forest ranger talked to the campers about safety in the woods.同位语
2. Angry, Mr. Boyd began to defend his reputation with strong arguments.形容词短语
3. Tired and dirty, the boys returned to the camp.形容词短语
4. Jogging every day, I soon increased my energy level.现在分词短语
5. Troubled by a dream, Tim woke up with a start.过去分词
6. To succeed in that course, you must attend every class.不定式短语
7. In the scientific laboratory, Madame Curie was an industrious worker.介词短语
8. Because he was tired and discouraged, he did not want to rewrite the paper.原因状语句
9. What you impulsively do in haste you may regret( )in leisure.宾语从句提前
5运用修辞手法：排比;对偶
1. I came, I saw, I conquered. 我来了，我看了，我征服(凯撒大帝语)
2. He was well-known, well-respected, and well-loved.
3. The proof of gold is fire; the proof of woman, gold; the proof of man, a woman.火可以检验真金，金子可以检验女人，而女人可以检验男人。
4. Government of the people, by the people and for the people shall not perish from the earth.这个民有、民主、民享的政府永远也不会从地球上消失
5. With this faith we will be able to work together, to pray together, to struggle together, to go to jail together, to stand up for freedom together, knowing that we will be free one day. (摘自马丁·路德·金的著名演说I Have a Dream)
6. The power of French literature is in its prose writers; the power of English literature is in its poets.法国文学长于散文;英国文学优于诗歌。
7. A long journey tests a horse’s strength; a long acquaintance shows a man’s heart. 路遥知马力，日久见人心。
以上例句中，前五个运用排比修辞格，节奏优美，语势强烈，感染力强;后两句运用这些的秘诀可以称为金科玉律(Golden Rules)，却一点也不复杂，对偶修辞格，言简意赅，意义隽永。掌握了上述方法将会让你的托福作文语言大放异彩。
托福写作格式常见形式总结
此类结构是双边倾向性结构，是双边结构中的一种。对大多数中国学生来说，双边结构较单边结构最大的优点是论证过程比较容易扩展。双边论证指正文两段分别论述下两个观点或优缺点。
可以做一个有趣的比喻，托福写作中双边论证的结构就像是在打一场官司，引言段引出话题，可以看作是书记员来宣布审理的案件，正文两段分别是两个观点，可以理解为被告和原告的辩护律师来列举对自己有利的证据，结尾段得出观点，即法官在总结了被告原告律师的发言后，得出自己的答案，同意哪一方，是否定罪。具体格式如下：
Introduction
Background+ My Opinion / Layout
Body:
1. Opinion One/ Advantage
Topic sentence+ Reason One + Supporting Sentences
+ Reason Two + Supporting Sentences
2. Opinion Two/ Disadvantage
Topic sentence+ Reason One + Supporting Sentences
+ Reason Two + Supporting Sentences
+ Reason Three + Supporting Sentences
Conclusion:
Statement of My Opinion (for opinion two/ more disadvantages than advantages)
托福写作常见语法错误汇总
1. 托福写作常见语法错误之句子缺少连词
两个句子之间不能只用逗号连接，要有连词。
误：My sister loves to dance， she is very good at it.
2. 托福写作常见语法错误之句式不平行
句子中并列的成分应该是相同的结构。
误：I like to eat Japanese and eating Thai food.(eating->eat)
误：Teenagers are more influenced by their peers than their parents.(than their parents->than by their parents)
3. 托福写作常见语法错误之句子不完整
句子缺少主语或谓语。
误：Because some necessary procedures such as transporting the factories， modifying equipment or planting more trees.
4. 托福写作常见语法错误之句意重复或冗余
误：The low-priced car was inexpensive.(low-priced和inexpensive重复)
误：personally， I believe what the newspaper prints.(personally和I believe重复)
5. 托福写作常见语法错误之时态，语态不一致
我们来看几种常见错误(句例说明)：
She did not adapt to the environment, but with time passing by, they find him more and more proficient.
she 和him是怎么个意思咧?
I shall use my father's experience as an example. My father went to Australia several years ago. He see many birds and animals. 明明是过去，see怎么穿越回来了?
The gift I made are very pretty. gift是单数啊，are是怎么回事?
6.托福写作常见语法错误之连词类缺失
Successful men will have many places to live, a country house can provide a nice environment to relax, then it will be a new start point, but will not be an end one.
大家暂且忽略语法问题，且看这个句子。这个句子的第一个问题就是连词缺失：在live和a country house 之间原作者使用逗号衔接的，但是呢，逗号并不能代替and等连词的作用。因为 Successful men will have many places to live和a country house can provide a nice environment to relax都是两个完整的句子，而没有主从依附关系，所以必须得有连词(and，but，therefore)等连接才能保证句子有效。
总结：
缺连词的另一大原因是很多同学不知道什么是连词，什么不是。and or but 是最有名的三个连词。但是!however, so, yet, nevertheless也是连词!!!可以连接两句句子!
托福考试作文独立写作范文：大学应加强设施建设还是招聘好老师
Do you agree or disagree: the universities should spend more money in improving facilities (libraries, computer labs) than hiring famous teachers.
写作参考一:
Cradles of cultivating talents, universities are supposed to provide most high-caliber education. Responding to the expectation, universities have to think the issue over. Compared with hiring more teachers, from my own perspective, keeping facilities and resources in the universities most advanced and updated is more essential not only for students but also for renowned professors.
First of all, students are able to enjoy a better study environment if their schools utilize advanced equipment. With the assistance of exquisite inventions such as electronic screen and projectors, as well as laboratory equipment, like microscopes and chemical reactors, studying would no longer be a tedious and repetitious information engrafting process, but a way everyone would like to get involved in. Similarly, definitions and formulas of physics and chemistry will graven in students’ minds deeply if they are aided by the equipment when experimenting. However, hardly can professors crystalize abstract concepts into definite ideas without advanced teaching devices.
What is more, as for famous teachers themselves, a university that does not invest in its facilities would be appealing. To be constantly enthusiastic on researching their respective academic fields, teachers have a great demand for exquisite facilities to maintain progressing on their own fields. The most sophisticated technological devices offered in universities enable these teachers to conduct successful researches and remain at the top, which is really attractive to those renowned professors. By contrast, old and obsolete teaching and studying facilities will certainly not inspire teachers to keep further academic researching. Also, practically impossible will teachers have interest in making progress.
Granted, it is conceded that hiring more teachers in universities means guaranteeing education quality in some sense because every student will be concerned and cared about. Even slightest and most subtle academic performance changes of students will be noticed; therefore, teachers can encourage and guide frustrated and upsetting students in time. However, while weighing the benefits brought by investing in facilities and hiring more teachers, we can conclude that facilities are more worthwhile.
In conclusion, I should reiterate that universities should update their facilities, making a top priority. Without advanced facilities, a university will not be helped further improved.
写作参考二:
Advanced facilities, like libraries, research center, university hospital are indispensible parts of a good university while famous teachers are also a big component of a prestigious higher institution. Personally, I think it is better for universities to spend more money in hiring famous professors.
Admittedly, research centers can be a place where advanced technology is incubated, a library that incorporates state-of-the-art technology can also be conducive to students' study, however, I still believe that famous professors play a more significant role in assessing the reputation of a university.
First off, well-respected professors in a specific field can bring lots of benefits not only to the whole community but also to the university. To more specific, prestigious professors can come up with theories and solutions to the most intriguing problems faced by human beings, like treatment of cancers, diabetes and even heart attack. Economists can use data and economic models in their empirical study to predict the economy, and it can provide lots of information for the authority to make timely adjustment to their policies. Electronic engineers can design some micro-chips that can sustain large-scale computation. The benefits that professors bring to the school can be also enormous. For instance, a Novel Prize laureate can attract countless research foundations and donations from both the private and public sectors, with this large sum of money, the university can in turn renovate labs, research centers and even libraries.
Additionally, well-established professors and researchers can educate and enlighten brilliant young students and cultivate future scientists. Famous professors are usually expert in education, they might have been teaching and researching in their field for more than a few decades, thus have accumulated lots of rich teaching experience and developed the most effective teaching approach. Together with their superb charisma, lots of bright young adults will be motivated and inspired and therefore embark on the road of scientific endeavor and exploration. Such inspirations and motivations cannot be brought by improved facilities. Indeed, it is the expertise and charisma of these famous professors that attract thousands of brilliant young students to enroll in a college.
To conclude, hiring more famous professors are more advisable than renovating facilities since the scientific discoveries brought by professors can bring colossal benefits to both the community and the university, and also the expertise and charisma of well-established professors can attract, enlighten and cultivate future scientists.
托福考试作文独立写作范文：老师针对青少年学生的不同教法
Some believe that teachers (for students from age 14-18) should focus on lecturing and asking students to take notes during lectures. Others believe that teachers should get students involved in discussion and encourage them to exchange ideas in class. Which way of teaching do you think is more effective for students’ learning?
写作参考:
Educators and researchers have never stopped the examination of the importance and relevance of collaborative and interactive learning that are encouraged by middle schools. When compared with boring lecturing, I, personally, believe that it is far more beneficial to students when they share their ideas and exchange opinions with each other for the following reasons.
First off, exchanging ideas with fellow classmates help students develop critical thinking, presentation skills and other kinds of soft skillsets. When discussing issues with peers, students tend to take a position on a certain issue. In this learning process, students will collect their thoughts and synthesize the concepts learned in textbook or in the lecture to support his or her points. Also, to respond to others’ comments, students have to reflect on the rationale of their own arguments and come up with persuasive reasoning. It is obvious that such activities helps students to learning more meaningfully and extensively. Furthermore, students unconsciously learn how to express themselves affirmatively and make their points clear in front of a large audience. It takes right amount of eye contacts, body language and facial expression to convey one’s idea in a convincing way and such presentation skills can be valuable asset for one’s future career.
Additionally, actively discussing issues with peers can help students to cope with different opinions. When discussing issues with peers, not only do student contribute to the class, but also they get a chance to be exposed to different ideas and perspectives. This is a very conducive experience since we are not living in a vacuum and learning how to appreciate, value and even embrace opinions that are unfamiliar to us can be very important. Furthermore, such experience can be useful in one’s future career when one also has to confront with different business solutions provided by their coworkers. A recent study conducted by Harvard Business Review shows that the one who experienced group discussions and exchanging of views in school demonstrates a higher potential to resolve possible conflicts with future coworkers and enjoys far more promising future.
In conclusion, discussion and idea exchanges should be encouraged since such activities can help students to develop critical thinking, presentation skills and other kinds of soft skillsets, also they will get students prepared on how deal with different opinions now and in future career.
英语写作
第二种托福作文格式中supporting sentences在议论文中的体现方式是一些论证方法，如举例子(exemplification)，对比对照(contrast& comparison)，列数据(raising figures)，让步(making concession)等来对自己支持的观点进行论证，使考官信服。
具体结构如下：
Introduction
Background+My Opinion
Body:
1.Reason One + Supportiong Sentences(ss表示)
2.Reason Two + SS
3.Reason Three + SS
Conclusion:
Restatement of My Opinion
托福考试作文独立写作范文：了解跟你观点相反的人更重要
托福写作真题题目：
2016年8月27日托福独立写作题目2016年8月27日托福真题及答案解析
A/D: It is more important to read and watch news presented by people whose opinion is different from your own view than by people whose opinion are similar to yours.
写作参考一:
With the increasingly diverse means of acquiring information, it has become a common phenonmen that we are exposed to conflicting ideas about a single event, which has aroused deep social concern. A growing boday of average people are wondering whether it is more important to read and watch news presented by people whose opinion is different from your own view than by people whose opinion are similar to yours. From my pesepective, it is advisable to be a good listener to the different viewpoints.
Firstlly, receiving news presented by people with dissenting perspective can help people have access to the comprehensive information and get closer to the truth of the events. As is common sense, every single event or piece of news is not as simple as we expect. So it is an indisputable fact that nobody can have a panoramic view of the truth of the incidents due to the limited experience and knowledge span. In this case, gaining news from our opponents will definitely deliver a brandnew perspective and make us have a second thought of our own viewpoint. In other words, the clashes of different views will temper and refine our opinion about the events, with the result that a whole picture is formed. On the contrary, just selectively listening to the similar ideas, people will become narrow-minded.
Besides that, another potential benefit of obtaining news from those with opposite view is the higher likelihood to make acquaitance with more people. As is known to all, the way person responds to someone whose opinion differs drastically from theirs reveals their true character. To be specific, being tolerant of different voices about one thing reflects that a person is endowed with the quality of inclusiveness and humbility, which can make him/her leave a good impression on others. Consequently, no one, including those from opposing party, will refuse to become friends with humble and inclusive ones. Instead, those solely accepting same opinion are usually self-centered and arrogant so that they not consider others’ thought or feeling but impose their own opinion. Thus it is unlikely that they will build friendship with those with different ideas. Even worse, the alreadly established friendship may also end, once the disagreements occur.
In a nutshell, it is sensible for people to read or watch news from people with dissenting perspective, in order to gain the whole picture of the news and enlarge the social network.
写作参考二:
2016年8月27日托福独立写作范文二：With advent of new technological gadgets, like laptop, tablet and smart phones, people now have access to all sorts of news sources. In face of the overwhelming news sources, some people tend to watch news that present similar ideas with them, while other prefer to watch news with different perspectives and ideas. I, personally, think it is far better to watch news with distinctive opinions and viewpoints based on the following reasons.
First off, news from various sources are biased and it is quite irrational to read or watch news from a single source, actually it makes better sense to be exposed to news that provide different kinds of ideas. Even though it is very essential for news media to be fair and unbiased, nonetheless, in reality, most of the news media are biased and prejudiced. Part of the reasons is that the news sources can be various, like the government, independent institutions or even think tanks. Lots of media or news agencies use phrases like “expert believes”, “most people agree” or “observes argue that”, all of which are pretty much biased since “most people” is a slippery word. The people might not represent the majority of the people and lack of diversity in terms of race, gender and other demographic factors.
Additionally, being exposed to news with distinctive opinions and ideas can help people to develop critical thinking skills and thus have a fair and more justified stance on certain issues. People varying in past life experience, education background and economic conditions tend to have totally different opinions on certain issues. Having access to different ideas can broaden people's horizons and enrich one's experience. For instance, I took it for granted that every child at an appropriate age has the chance to go to primary school until I watched a documentary about the elementary school enrolment in the poverty-stricken region in my country. Their family can barely feed them and the local government has little educational resource to provide them proper education. This documentary totally changed my perspective on the primary school enrolment in hinterland.
In all, exposure to news with different perspectives has lot of benefits since news sources are generally biased, and by watching news with different opinions we can have a much more fair and clear view. (Words：381, By Meng, Yan WECHAT: KICKASSTOEFL)
托福考试作文独立写作范文：大学生应该选择哪种专业
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement：
students should be encouraged to take courses like science, technology, engineering and math that are likely to lead to job opportunities rather than subjects they might be interested in.
2016年11月5日托福独立写作题目真题：
Students should choose the major such as science, technology, and engineering which can help them find good jobs instead of the major which they are interested in.
点睛
题目大意：大学生应该选择哪种专业：能够帮助他们找到好工作的专业(比如科学类，技术类和工程类)VS自己喜欢的专业。此题目波波建议选择感兴趣的专业：理由如下1.学习更有动力 2.从长远来看，更有利于就业。
范文参考一:
The question of “ what is the most important subject or skill the schools should teach? ” has never failed to attract attention from educators, school administrators and even politicians especially when it comes to subjects like technology, engineering and math. Some argue that students should be encouraged to take such classes rather than the ones they are interested in since they give them a better shot to find jobs. However, personally, I am not in favor of this position based on the following reasons.
Admittedly, it is true that courses like technology, engineering and math are very
technical, most of which can be applied in solving real world issues. However, the exposure that students have to apply these theories are very limited in class. Taking technical oriented classes will not give students a competitive edge to ensure future jobs opportunities, on the other hand, there are enormous benefits for students to take courses that they are interested in.
First off, taking courses that students are interested in can be a great motivation for them to achieve higher goals. Old saying “ interest is the best teacher” remains relevant as it did a century ago. Interest serves as the internal motivation for students to explore in the area that they are interested, on the contrary, if they are forced to take courses for a utilitarian purpose, they might not keep their interest for a long time thus have a lower learning efficiency. Recent study conducted by the Society of Developmental Psychology shows that students will be more enthusiastic and passionate about learning when given the freedom to make their own choices to take classes. Also, giving students the opportunity to choose the classes they are interested in can help them to explore their real interest, thus their potential can be fully tapped before heading off for career options.
Additionally, taking courses students are interested in have enormous practical purposes and they can be a great source of leisure and relaxation. For instance, lots of students like art and music but seldom do they have a chance to learn. Actually, taking art and music classes help to develop creativity and make the students more imaginative. Actually, lots of scientific research in the psychological field shows that early exposure to art and music not only boosts academic achievement but also promotes creativity, self-confidence and school pride. Students who spend more time in learning art and music end up having higher analytical thinking and reasoning skills than those who don’t.
In conclusion, taking courses that students are interested in can be a great motivation for them to achieve higher goals and it can also be a great source of leisure and relaxation.
写作参考二:
Under the current system of higher education, with the majors becoming increasingly diverse, how to choose an appropriate major has never failed to attract the attention of the general public. Most parents strongly recommend that it is much better to choose a major which can guarantee a good job, while college students, the receiver of higher education, tend to choose the field which caters to their interest. As far as I am concerned, the latter viewpoint is more reasonable, with the reasons listed below.
First of all, selecting the major that students like can help them to grasp the knowledge better. Just as a saying goes, interest is the best teacher, which is true of undergraduates. To illustrate, under the drive of interest, students are more likely to automatically devote more time and energy into what they major in, thus definitely having a better command of professional knowledge and skills imparted by teachers. By contrast, without any interest in what they are taught, college students who generally lack in self-motivation may do anything but study in class. For instance, on campus in China, it is not uncommon to see that many students squander their valuable time by taking a nap, whispering or even playing smart phones while attending the class. What’s worse, some of them may even skip classes. The reason underlying the above phenomenon is nothing but lack of passion for what they learn.
Secondly, choosing a major students are interested in can do a better job in helping them secure a good job. As we all know, with the constant change and progress of society, the job market is also changing quickly. In other words, some promising industries a few years ago might very well become obsolete, which means that the major one chooses cannot necessarily guarantee a good job. By contrast, under such a society full of fierce competition, it is the professional skills and abilities people own that play the key role in landing a decent job. Obviously, only when people select the field they have passion for can they establish a solid foundation of specific knowledge and skills in this field. Therefore, the major catering to one’s interest can better improve his or her competence, thus increasing their likelihood of securing a decent job.
Taking all the above into consideration, we can draw the conclusion that choosing the major which interests students is much better, in terms of making undergraduates have a better command of what they major in and find a suitable job. (419words, Zhaobo)
托福写作
★ 托福听力常见词汇
