小编在这里给大家带来托福写作词汇的应用（共含6篇），希望大家喜欢!同时，但愿您也能像本文投稿人“popo9898”一样，积极向本站投稿分享好文章。
托福写作词汇的应用
1.选词时要符合语言习惯并与社会文化诸多背景一致
例如，英美人对landlord和peasant两词的理解与中国人截然不同。英美人对前者的理解首先是“房东”，然后才是“地主”;而peasant一词对他们来说意味着“粗俗”与“无知”，此词多少带有贬义色彩。再如propaganda一词在中国并不带有西方人所理解的贬意;而First lady (第一夫人)绝不能理解为汉语的原配夫人，因此在写作中应特别注意这类词，否则会导致冒犯和误解。由于东西方社会历史文化的差异，许多词所引申或代表的内容也大相径庭，Phoenix在西方象征“复活”、“再生”，而汉语的这一词却表示“祥瑞”。Peach在汉语中象征“长寿”而在英语中却用以指代“特别讨人喜爱的人或物”。又比如在表示色彩的词中green是青春的颜色，常表示希望、活力，但在英语中green又与“妒忌” (to be green with envy，green-eyed)和“没有经验的”(a green horn)联系起来。如果没有广泛的阅读积累，养成经常查字典的良好习惯，单凭想当然地选词，势必会词不达意。即使同一事物，在美国和英国也可能有不同的表达。例如：corn一词在美国指“玉米”而在英国泛指“谷物”;“地铁”在英国用tube或underground美国则用subway。此类的例子还有pavement/sidewalk， Chemists' shop/drug store等。
2.在英语写作中特别要注意区分同义词，选词时要考虑主题、对象及情景
由于历史的原因，现代英语除本族语外，还包括大量的法语和拉丁来源的饲，这就使英语的同义词相当丰富。总的来讲，英语本族语大多是短词，小词，听起来朴素)亲切，大量用于口头表达：法语来源的词庄重文雅，多与行政、宗教、军事、服饰等有关;拉丁来源的词，书卷味浓， 如ask，question，inter-rogate这三个不同来源的同义词在不同的主题、对象、情景下用法就不一样。同义词除了来源的不同会影响措词的选择外，它们在程度、感情色彩上也有不同。比如“瘦”可以用slender，slim，lean， thin，underweight，gaunt， lanky，skinny等来表达，而sleder表示“苗条”是褒义的，skinny却是贬义的，underweight则是中性的词。即使同是褒义词，表达的感情色彩也不同。比如little和petite两个同义词当用来描绘女子时，都意为“个子小”的，但petite同时还有“匀称”的意义，而little更强调“可爱的”或“可怜的”，根据不同的上下文，它还有“纤小”、“娇小”或“弱小”等不同意义。因此在选词表达思想时，一定要分清主题，对象及情景。
详解托福写作考试中词汇的正确使用方法
在托福写作的备考过程中，词汇的准备是重中之重，想要在文章中明确的表达自己的意思，也就是由一个个精确的词汇所构建而成。在备考过程中，很多同学也是由于受到了词汇所限，对于自己写作的能力带来了很大的影响，那么对于托福中写作的词汇我们究竟应该怎样的进行准备呢?
在准备词汇的过程中，大家往往最为关注的就是一个词汇量的问题，而说到了这个词汇量学生带来的第一影响莫过于一个宏观的数字。比如：作为一个作为通过四六级英语考试的学生，我离着托福词汇还差多少个呢?当然，用数量来定位托福词汇的掌握可能更为形象化，但是对于托福写作来说，托福词汇掌握的多少和作文能力的提升并不是线性上升的趋势。
在很多时候备考学生还会遇到一个通病就是提笔忘字或者高级词汇的使用，还有就是句型过于简单罗列，使得整篇文章缺少亮点和层次感。这时就是需要提到词汇的记忆感，很多人都在感概为什么词汇量在不断的提升，但是在作文里却是什么都没法儿表达呢?实际情况就是，我们的单词表的背诵脱离了单词的使用，破坏了单词之间的联系性。
1) Come a long way 有很大的进步
Human being has come a long from drinking and eating raw food to talking through cell phones.
2) It is worthwhile to / it is worth doing
It is worthwhile to spend time in learning music and art, because they can benefit me for life time.
3) Give credit for 归功于
The convenience that commuters (通勤者 )has now should give credit for the newly opened subway lines.
4) Give sb. a competitive edge 给某人竞争优势
Learning multiple languages give people a competitive edge in this demanding society.
5) Remove the barrier for 为(发展，交流等)消除障碍
Learning English is a way to remove the barrier for communicating with many foreigners./exchanging with exotic cultures.
6) Be the cornerstone of 是 的基石
Believing in the correlation of hardworking and success is the cornerstone of American spirit.
7) Be an essential ingredient of 是 的条件
A sound health is an essential ingredient of excellent academic performance.
8) profit from/benefit from 从中获益
People can profit/benefit from the advancement of modern technology, such as computers, the Internet and many digital devices.
9) is an indispensable part of 是 中不可或缺的一部分
Advertising has become an indispensable part of our lives and it has been exerting profound influence on the way we live, work , play and learn.
10) plays a pivotal role in 扮演者至关重要的角色
It is universally acknowledged that education plays a pivotal role in individual success
11) enable somebody to do something 是某人做某事
The policy of restricting usage of plastic bags enables people to foster an awareness of environmental protection.
12) get accustomed to do something习惯于做某事
People may need time to get accustomed to use less plastic bags which once brought us great convenience, but this practice will definitely benefit/better our environment.
13) Someone can utilize something 使用，利用
In this day and age, many individuals can utilize the Internet via computers or mobile phones.
14) something is in the best interests of someone 最符合 的利益
Preserving the endangered animals is in the best interests of humanity.
15) contribute to 促成(表原因)
The restricting of private cars can contribute to the betterment of traffic condition in Beijing.
16)be supposed to 应该
People living in modern society are supposed to know health is more important than anything else.
17)hold fast to 牢牢地把握住(fast 这里是 坚实地 )
This movie The Pursuit of Happiness tells people that they should hold fast to their dreams, like Chris said, When you have a dream, you should protect it.
18)put a premium on/ put a high value on/cherish(vt.)/treasure(vt.) 珍视，重视
Good parents always put a premium on children s education.
19) bear in mind 牢记
It is important to bear in mind that happiness comes from a person s inner feeling not the possession he/she has.
当我们在学习英语的时候，总是在听说一些传说中的“高级词”，而且感觉只要用上了这些高级词，我们的作文分数就立即如孙悟空一样飞升了起来，但是到底什么是高级词?只要用了“高级词”，我们作文分数就一定有大幅的提升么?其实很简单，我们看一下从小就学过的《背影》中的两段名句“他用两手攀着上面，两脚再向上缩;他肥胖的身子向左微倾，显出努力的样子。”，还有“等他的背影混入来来往往的人里，再找不着了，我便进来坐下，我的眼泪又来了。”这里面哪些表达方法比较高级呢?显然是没有的，但是这并没有阻止这些句子成为名句。
反过来，用一些貌似很文雅的词，分数自然就高了么?比如说“我哥们的爸爸，昨晚驾崩了”很显然，你只会喷饭。也许各位考友会觉得这个很可笑，但是实际上我们很多考友的作文，在地道的英美人看来，写的就是这样的。比如说They wear raunchy clothes because they don’t know how to iron them; they spend a lot of money eating outside because they can’t cook; they live in a messy room because they never learn to organize it.这就是摘取自一篇20分的作文的词句。这里面的“raunchy”这个词，作者想用的是“邋遢的”这个含义，但是实际上这个词最常用的意思是“淫秽的”…….
我们很多考友都非常喜欢在写作文的时候，使用“有道”或者“金山”里面查出来的单词，但是查出来之后，我们又不对于这些单词进行进一步的查询，来弄清其的内涵和外延，就是会出现这样的事情!当然这只是可能之一，还有另外一个可能就是，我们很多考友还要准备SAT或者GRE考试，在准备这些考试的时候，自然无法避免的要背一些比较生僻的单词，我们自觉不自觉地，就会将这些单词用到我们的作文之中，殊不知这些单词，我们对于其意思的理解并不准确，因此在用这些单词的时候，我们很有可能就会出现上面的情况!因此，在写作文用词的时候，想用也可以，一定要多查查例句!看看例句里大多是怎么用的!
这是一些比较生僻的词汇，但还有一些词汇则是我们的单词书本来翻译的就不够到位的!我们应该还有印象，就是我们高中和大学的英语老师总是让我们用英英词典，而不是用英汉词典，就是这个原因!比如说我们很常见的remove这个单词，我们总认为他的意思是“搬走”的意思，但是实际上，他的应该是“移除，完全消失”的意思!而不是从一个地方移动到另外一个地方!
当看到这里的时候，也许很多考友都疑惑了，如果不用这些高级词，那我们还用什么呢?其实很简单，好的作文，关键是要用词准确到位!而且最好能地道!那就更完美了!比如说，你在班级里学习学的很好，固然可以写did well in my class,但是也可以写confirm the leading position!因为单纯的well，很宽泛，到底什么算是好呢?第一名?第五名?还是第15名?但是如果你写出来confirm the leading position就表明你很有可能是在前3名，这就很准确了!这是用词准确!
再就是用词地道，这就好比跟东北人说：他对象长的老棵碜了。跟广东人说：你真系风吹皇帝裤浪!跟上海人说：阿拉夜饭吃格是油焖落苏。这就是地道!在英语里地道的表达，也自然是会受到好评的。比如说When it comes to boxing, Chandelier is an expert.这里的comes to…..就不是“去哪里”而是“谈论到，谈及……”的意思。这就是英语里的地道的表达!
很显然，作文提升的前提，应该是我们的欣赏能力达到了很高的境界之后，才是有可能的!当我们都欣赏不了，或者说当我们都不知道哪些是地道和准确的表达的时候，我们又怎能很好地运用这些辞藻呢?
看腻了托福写作“高级替换词”，来试试这些独特表达
in abeyance
电影或其他政策性事务延期的情况，除了put off 和 pos官方真题Officialne 等常用表达外，还可以用到 in abeyance。
1. Aftera recent case of firework explosion, all the preparations for the fireworkdisplay this year are held in abeyance pending official government’s conclusionon the issue.
最近的烟花爆炸事件后，所有新年烟火表演的准备活动都被叫停，等待政府的最后决策。
2.Thepublic were wondering on which ground the president held his trip to the Europe in abeyance.
公众纷纷揣测主席延迟此次访问欧洲行程的动机。
3.Currently ,the tablets for cold merely function as a relief, holding the escalation ofsymptoms in abeyance.
当下的感冒药片仅能起到舒缓效果，延缓感冒症状的加重。
4.Anyconstruction generating noise during the College Entrance Examination periodshould be lain in abeyance.
任何产生噪音的工程在高考期间都须暂停。
leave sb. holding the bag/baby
看过霍比特人3的小伙伴们都知道，一开始，矮人王索林被沾染了恶龙邪气的金币所迷惑，拒绝参战，把战斗的责任留给了他的表兄以及精灵和人类。把重大责任推卸给别人，我们可以用leave sb. holding the baby，美语中也可以说leave sb. holding the bag
1.Whenthe stock market fluctuates, only the private shareholders are left holding the bag.
当股市震荡时，往往是个人投资者承担损失。
2.With conflicts between the doctor and the patient provoking, an increasing number ofmedical staff are feeling themselves left holding the baby.
当下医患冲突一触即发，越来越多的医疗人员觉得被动承担着这个责任。
3. Thosewho leave the public holding the baby cannot be elected as a leader.
那些任由群众承担责任的人是不能被选为领导的。
4.Scapegoatdescribes someone who is left holding the bag.
替罪羊指的就是那些被动承担责任的人。
bring / call into play
五军之战战事一触即发，必须充分利用各军之力，才能获得最后的胜利。童鞋们要表达利用，首先想到的是take advantage of，make use of等，试试bring into play，也可以说call into play:
1.Notonly the legislation system but the public awareness should be called into play in terms of environment protection.
就环境保护而言，我们需要利用的不仅是立法体系，还有公众意识。
2.Tosucceed in study, interest, a prominent source of concentration, shall be brought into play.
要在学习中成功，兴趣作为注意力的主要来源，必须被很好地利用起来。
3.An efficient company would rather call into play any approach to promote workefficiency and cooperation than lay off staff to save cost.
一个高效的公司应利用一切方法提高工作效率，促进合作，而不简单裁员以削减开支。
4.The teacher has brought into play several learning methods to distinguish the groups of students who adjust to the corresponding modes the most.
老师通过利用几种不同的学习方法来区分不同群体学生最适用的学习方式。
road to Damascus
插个《圣经》故事，据说一名基督徒的迫害者保罗在从耶路撒冷到大马士革(罗马帝国叙利亚省会)抓捕基督徒的路上突然被击倒，眼睛因受比太阳更强的光刺激而暂时失明。此时他听到了上帝的召唤，于是皈依基督。由此，road to Damascus被用来描述(观点或信仰的)翻然改变:
1.It has been a road to Damascus moment for the contemporary world, which hassuffered enough from fierce competition, lack of natural resources, and seriousenvironment pollutions.
现代社会饱受竞争激烈、资源匮乏和污染严重的桎梏，已到了不得不改变的关头。
2.Peoplehave been expecting a road to Damascus moment to change the current miserablelife.
民众一直在期待一个通往大马士革之路的时间结点，来改变现下苦难的人生。
3.Hisfailure in college entrance examination was the road to Damascus moment in thelife.
他在高考中的失利成为了他人生的转折点。
4.Everyone would meet his road to Damascus moment when some vital decision has to be made.
每个人都会遇到需要做出重大决定的时期，这就是他人生的转折点。
it is / these are early days
看了五军之战的童鞋们都知道，恶龙史矛革被射死以后故事就结束了吗?显然言之尚早哦!为了分得自己的那杯羹，人类和精灵向矮人族宣战了。言之过早，我们说 it is early days或者these are early days，结果嘛，显然跟预想的不大一样哦：
1.Although it’s early days yet, the smooth process before the cooperation between the two nations has cheered up the public.
虽然现在一切还言之尚早，但两国合作的前期事宜进展顺利，使两国人民都振奋不少。
2.Whether it’s early days or not, the government should not wait till it’s too late toprotect the environment.
无论当下是否言之尚早，政府总不应该推延环境的保护工作，否则为时已晚。
3. Are these really early days to prepare primary school students for college entranceexamination, by means of private tutor and after-class training?
对于小学生而言，以家教和课后辅导的形式提前准备高考，真的是为时过早吗?
4.Peopleare born equal, but whoever makes a big difference in the later days starts when it’s early time.
人生来平等，但任何在未来不同寻常的人都在一切尚未定论时就开始努力了。
face the music
face the music，面对音乐吗?显然不是，这是个面褒实贬的表达，表示接受批评或惩罚。比如左边的白袍巫师萨如曼，在指环王三部曲中就是个不折不扣的应该face the music的主儿。
1.Responsible leaders will not leave his team members facing the music.
有责任的领导是不会扔下他的队员独自承受惩罚的。
2.Even if the president stood in front of the public, facing the music, the rage builtup in the crowds.
即便是主席站到了人群前面对各种批评，还是遏制不住人群中的愤怒。
3.Whoever faces up the music today may simply be a scapegoat rather than the one whocommitted the crime.
无论今天面对惩罚的人是谁，他都可能仅是个替罪羊，真正的罪犯另有其人。
4.Most Chinese pupils have to face the music every time after exam, simply becausethey fall out of the top ten.
大部分中国孩子在每次考试后都要面对惩罚，原因仅仅是他们没有考到前十名。
gain ground
弓箭手巴德绝对是人类中的佼佼者，他凭借出色的箭法射杀了巨龙史矛革，同时，他在长湖镇人民的心中也成功地gain ground。我们用gainground来描述更强大，更有效或更成功:
1. The number of people in pursuit of material life has gained ground with increasing momentum.
现下追求物质生活的人越来越多。
2.With foreign brands gaining ground in the Chinese market, in better quality butlower price, the local manufacturers have to reform to survive the international competition.
随着国外品牌以更优的质量和价格逐渐占据中国市场，本土制造商必须改革以在国际化竞争中存活下来。
3. Distant education has gained ground not only with in the American boundary, but in theremote oriental countries, such as China and India.
远程教育在美国获得了成功，在遥远的东方国家亦是如此，如中国和印度。
4.When electronic books have gained ground in publishing, paper books seem to havelost its status.
当电子书籍在出版业中获得成功后，纸质书似乎已经失去了其地位。
hackles rise
光看字面：颈毛竖起来，这是动物愤怒的表征。用在人身上，也便是极度愤怒的意思了。拥有众多女粉丝的精灵王瑟兰迪尔，比儿子颜值更高，哪怕hackles rise，应该也是倾倒众生吧:
1. After Malaysia Airline made contradictory claims concerning the missing of MH370, therelatives of the passengers felt their hackles rise.
在听了马航针对MH370的失踪做出的前后矛盾的陈述后，机上乘客的亲属们愤怒了。
2. Japan’sclaim to the dominion over Tiao Yu Island has made all the Chinese’s hackles rise.
日本对钓鱼岛宣誓主权，这使得全中国人民都愤怒至极。
3.Awise teacher should welcome discussions rather than feel hackles rise when students challenge him.
当学生挑战他的权威时，明智的老师会鼓励讨论，而非怒气满天。
4.According to a recent medical report, those who have their hackles rise frequently tendto suffer from cancer more.
最近的一项医学报告指出，经常性愤怒的人更易得癌症。
cut no ice
我们伟大的灰袍巫师甘道夫是正义力量最坚实可靠的朋友。甚至乎，我们以为，无论发生什么事，甘道夫都可以轻松搞定。可惜，在强大的暗黑力量面前，甘道夫那点魔法没有丝毫作用，cut no ice with the dark power:
1.Distractions,such as TV and computer, cut on ice with the students who are wholly devoted tostudy.
诸如电视、电脑等分散注意力的事物，对于专注于学习的学生而言却是毫无影响可言。
2.Evidencehas proven current approaches to environment protection have cut on ice.
事实证明当前环境保护的举措没有起到任何作用。
3.Teaching is characteristic, and even the most widely adopted education method may cut no ice with certain amount of students.
教学是个性化的，即便是最为广泛使用的教学方法也可能对一部分学生不起作用。
4.It’s without scientific vision to deny the importance of the cure, which temporarily cuts no ice with the patients.
急于否定那些暂时没有对病灶起效的治疗方法是缺乏科研眼光的做法。
jam tomorrow
美丽的精灵护卫队长塔瑞尔爱上了矮人奇力，显然，精灵和矮人的爱情，只能是可望不可及的美梦而已。我们用 jam tomorrow 来描述这种眼高手低的“美好”:
1.Datingback to the old times when the public were frequently fooled by them anipulation of policies, voters nowadays are thus less convinced of the jam tomorrow political candidates create.
过往民众不断被政策操纵者所摆布，所以今天的选民们不再轻信候选人描绘的灿烂明天。
2.Inthe contemporary society, an independent and confident woman shall not beeasily persuaded by a jam tomorrow a man boasts.
在现代社会，一个独立自信的女性不应轻易被男人吹嘘的灿烂明天所糊弄。
3.Apromise of jam tomorrow is the pursuit of the students who stay up almost everynight for previews and reviews.
那些学生每天熬夜预习、复习，就是为了挣一个美好的明天。
4.Without diligence, intelligence and social network, a pleasant job with satisfactory pay is merely a promise of jam tomorrow.
没有勤奋、智慧和人际圈，高薪厚职只是黄粱美梦。
托福写作范文应用步骤一翻译范文
将一篇优秀的托福独立作文翻译成英文。优秀习作的来源可是OG给出的4、5分的范文，也可以是市面上各种辅导书所给出的参考范文，甚至可以是老托福TWE185题的李笑来范文。这里需要注意一个细节，我们所做出来的翻译应该和原文放在一个文档以方便我们的后续检查和比较。
托福写作范文应用步骤二检查错误
打开一个新的文档，将翻译好的汉语文本进行复制粘贴。这里需要注意的是最好粘贴在非word文档里。由于word具有自动改正的功能，所以很多明显的拼写语法错误会自动修正，而在真实的考场上，ETS给出的软件完全不具备类似的功能(这本来就是考试所要考查的内容)，所以，对word依赖越大，考场之上，失误的可能性就越大。
托福写作范文应用步骤三汉译英并比对
对照自己的汉语文本，将汉语翻译成英语。然后将自己的英语文本与原先的范文文本进行对比，标注出自己表达与范文表达不同的地方，并进行修改批注。但是，进行到这一步，大家千万不要以为万事大吉了，确切地说这才是做好我们整个工作的准备环节，真正关键的步骤是下一步。
托福写作范文应用步骤四对比差异
也是整个环节中最重要的一步，就是要静心地思考你的英文译文同范文文本的差异,学习范文文本的起承转合的技巧，学习范文文本长句短句的错落交叉，学习范文文本的精确用词--这些都是在你的文章有了思路和结构之后阻碍你得高分的重要因素。
托福写作范文应用步骤五背诵(非必选项)
如果前五步，特别是第五步你已经做的无可挑剔，那么这一步可以选择不做。但是如果你在前五步做完之后还有一些困惑，那么请一定要严格执行第六步，即背下这篇范文。为什么不是直接背下范文呢?因为只有通过这样一步一步地翻译，一点点地对比，你才能知道并且是真正你自己的表达弱点在那里。这种做法看似麻烦，其实比直接背范文的有效性要高出很多。
托福写作解析:A vehicle that changed people's lives
Choose one of the following transportation vehicles and explain why you think it has changed people's lives.
automobiles
bicycles
airplanes
Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
参考分析：
应该选择automobiles。注意，要回答为什么汽车改变了人们的生活。
汽车改变了人们的时间、空间观念，进而改变了人们的生活。
汽车使货物的远程运输成为可能，进而使人们可以购买更多的商品。
汽车使汽油变得格外重要，直接间接导致了很多中东地区的战争。
汽车使空气污染更加严重，导致人们的健康受到影响。
范文：
An airplane is a form of transportation that has changed people's lives. Thanks to the plane, our lives are now faster, more exciting, and more convenient that before. You cannot deny that a plane is fast. For example, the Concorde flies at supersonic speed. A businessman can leave Paris at 11 a.m. in the morning and arrive in New York at 8 a.m. the same morning in time for a day's work. Many business people in Europe will fly to London for a noon meeting and then return home to Rome or Madrid for dinner.
It is always exciting to take a plane trip. When you take a trip by plane, you know that you might cross many time zones, many oceans, and many countries. When you get off the plane, you could be in a place that speaks a different language. A plane is like a magician's trick. You get in a box and you come out somewhere totally different.
Nothing can beat the convenience of a plane. In the old days, it might take you days to do what the plane can do it an hour. Boats, for example, only leave on certain days of the week and take a long time to get to their destination. Planes give you the option to leave several times a day and get you to your destination quickly.
Although other forms of transportation may be more comfortable ,none has changed the way we do business and live our lives more than the plane. Thanks to the speed, excitement, and convenience of the planes, our lives are richer.
托福写作模板:在校学生打工
In some countries， teenagers have jobs while they are still students. Do you think this is a good idea? Support your opinion by using specific reasons and details.
托福写作范文参考:
I don't think it is a good idea for teenagers to have jobs while they are still students. It can interfere with their studies， it can disrupt their home life， and it takes away pan of their childhood that they can never replace.
Education today is very complex and difficult. In order to learn and get good grades， a student must work very hard and concentrate. This means attending classes from early in the morning until late afternoon， then doing research for projects， then going home and doing homework. It's a busy schedule for anyone. For someone trying to hold down a job， it's even harder. Students need all their energy for their studies. If they're working after class at night， they're going to be tired the next day. They won't be able to concentrate. This will have a negative impact on their learning， and eventually on their grades.
Having a job can also disrupt a teenager's home life. Families spend less and less time together. If a teenager has a job to go to after school， he won't be home for dinner. He won't be home after dinner， either， and may not get home until late at night. This means he doesn't have a lot of time to spend with his family. If he doesn't have a car， it can mean changes in his parents' schedules， too. They have to drive him to work and pick him up.
The main drawback of a teenager having a job while he's still a student is that he's missing out on the fun of being young. He has a whole lifetime in which he'll have to earn a living. This is the last free time he'll have. It's the last chance he'll have to hang out with friends and just enjoy himself.
Soon enough he'll have to worry about paying the rent and buying food.
Jobs bring money， but money isn't everything. A teenager with a job gives up too much. No one should spend all his time at work， and especially not a teenager.
托福写作
托福写作中如何巧用词汇
数字/单词运用时机区分
当数词可以用至多两个英文单词表达时，尽量使用英文字母表示。因此，12以下的数字或整数一般都需要“写出来”，但在percent(百分比)前面一般直接使用阿拉伯数字，如：
Experts quickly realized that there were two possible explanations for the decline of sea otters: environmental pollution or attacks by predators. 专家很快认识到，海獭数量减少有两个可能的原因：环境污染或来自捕食者的攻击。
When the price difference between two products is small, for example, less than 5 percent in the case of eco-certified wood products, American consumers often choose on factories other than price. 当两种产品之间的价格差距非常的小(在环保认证木材制品的案例中，这种差距小于5%)，美国消费者会考虑生产厂商而不是价格。
什么时候用阿拉伯数字
当数字需要用两个以上英文单词表达时，尽量使用阿拉伯数字表示，因此年份往往是直接用阿拉伯数字进行表示，如：
These animals could run very fast, reaching speeds up to 125 kilometers per hour. 这些动物奔跑速度非常快，可以达到每小时125千米。
Cane toads were introduced to Australia in 1935 with the expectation that they would protect farmers’ crops by eating harmful insects. 蔗蟾于1935年被引入澳大利亚，期待它们通过吃害虫来保护农民的.庄稼。
句子开头不用阿拉伯数字
句子的开头一般不使用阿拉伯数字，如：15 couples were invited to participate in a survey that aimed to figure out the fatal elements leading to personal success.十五对夫妇被邀请参与到一项调查之中，该调查的目的是探究个人成功最重要的要素。
较好的表达方式为：Fifteen couples were invited to participate in a survey that aimed to figure out the fatal elements leading to personal success.
小数分数用数字
表达小数(或分数)时，尽量使用数字，如：The government has spent over $12.4 million constructing new recreational facilities for local residents in the past few decades. 在过去的几十年间，政府花费了超过1240万元用于为当地居民建造新的娱乐设施。
托福写作词汇如何合理搭配
先来说说准确性。譬如这样一个句子：My writing ability increased by reading many books. 拆开来看，每个英文单词对应的中文意思是对的。但存在一个问题，ability和increase是不搭配的。任何一个单词，都不能单纯地说用得好不好。语言是讲究搭配的，简单常见的词只要搭配合适，放置合适的语境，依然可以锻造完美的句子。这个道理和穿衣混搭是一样的。穿着漂亮不在于单品是如何大牌如何昂贵，而在于款式质地的和谐，以及最后的上身效果。在这个句子中，increase表示增加的意思，主要表示数量的增加。尽管有时也能表示程度的增进，但这里和ability的搭配是不正确的。一般我们说develop one's ability，也可以说improve one's ability. 因此，这句话得修改成My writing ability developed by reading many books. 当然还可以修改得更地道一些。后半句想表达“阅读”，学生一般的习惯是把“读”和“书”全部翻译出来。注意，写作是表达，不是翻译。这么写固然是对的，还不够理想。我们进一步把句子修改成My writing ability developed by reading much. 从表达效果来讲，已经“达”了，考生想表述的意思和阅卷人读到的意思完全吻合。当然句子可以再继续修改得更加豪华，本文暂不赘述。
那么，词语的搭配如何检验呢?在各种班型的培训课程中，老师固然会提到一些典型搭配。但更为重要的是考生自己掌握检验的方法。我个人比较推荐Oxford Learner's English Collocation Dictionary(《牛津学生英语搭配词典》)，其中的语料来源和实用性都比较好。
托福写作高分满分范文点评和思路解析：小区附近新建电影院
托福写作难点话题一览
Do you like a new movie theater being built in your neighborhood?
It has recently been announced that a new movie theater may be built in your neighborhood. Do you support or oppose this plan? Why? Use specific reasons and details to support your answer.
写作思路展开结构分析
小区要建新的电影院，问你的看法。这道题目立场中立，支持反对都应该会有不少点可以展开。支持的可以说自己喜欢看电影，会更方便，同时电影院的建立会带动周边的配套设施建设，比如饭店商业街等等，提供更多的休闲活动场所。反对则可以说建设电影院带来人流会存在潜在的安全问题，同时会让小区环境变得吵闹影响休息等等。
本话题高分范文赏析
Many people consider our town a small provincial backwater, lacking both culture and the amenities of modern life. Building the recently proposed movie theater would be a step in the right direction, away from our backwards past, and towards participation in the larger world. It will create jobs, spark economic activity, and provide entertainment and culture for our young people. Movie theaters are necessarily large-scale affairs, attract a large amount of customers, and accordingly need to employ a fairly large number of people as ushers, concession stand chefs and attendants, ticket sellers, and janitorial staff, as well as projection technicians, managers, accountants, and other higher-level professionals. The employees would be drawn from the local population, and considering the tight job market in the area, the movie theatre would provide much needed full or supplement incomes for at least thirty families in the area. Going to the movies is usually an evening experience that either precedes or comes directly after eating dinner. For this reason many restaurants, cafes, bars, music shops, and other leisure and entertainment venues spring up around movie theatres. People who are going to the movies have disposable incomes and have already left their houses in search of a good time. This is an ideal market, and local entrepreneurs are certain to capitalize on the opportunity to open up new business ventures and develop the lucrative area around the movie theater, further invigorating the local economy. In addition to providing jobs and developing the local economy, a movie theater will bring us a little bit closer to the outside world. We will be able to participate in popular culture. A movie theater is one step in this direction, and if we can successfully transform our sleepy little hamlet into a regional cultural hot spot, we will be able to keep our young people from migrating to larger cities that they consider more developed and sophisticated. Our young people are our most precious resource and we should do everything to keep them here.
托福写作：运气在成功里所扮演的角色
“When people succeed, it is because of hard work. Luck has nothing to do with success.” Do you agree or disagree with the quotation above? Use specific reasons and examples to explain your position.
The Role of Luck in Success
It has been said that when people succeed, it is because of hard work and that luck has nothing to do with success. Although I believe that hard work is very important and is the surest way to success for most people, I must disagree with this statement. It cannot be denied that luck often plays an important role in success. For example, many important discoveries have been made by accident. There have been many cases of researchers and inventors making major breakthroughs while they were actually trying to solve another problem or create a different device.
Furthermore, there is something to be said for simply being in the right place at the right time-perhaps meeting someone by chance who can offer a good job or rare opportunity. And of course, there are the rare examples of gamblers and lottery winners who beat the odds and achieve sudden and unexpected success.
While the influence of luck cannot be ignored, this is not to say that one should depend on it and ignore the value of hard work. If one is willing to work hard, I believe that success will eventually be achieved, with or without the added benefit of luck. Moreover, hard work is often an essential ingredient of luck because it enables one to take advantage of a lucky encounter. If the scientist has not worked hard to develop his knowledge and skills, he may not recognize that lucky breakthrough when it comes along. Therefore, my suggestion is not to count on luck to bring you success. Instead, work hard and keep your eyes open for that lucky opportunity.
运气在成功里所扮演的角色
有人说一个人会成功是因为努力，而运气和成功则是一点关系也没有。虽然我相信努力很重要，而且对大部分的人来说，努力是成功最可靠的方法，可是我不得不反对这种说法。能否成功，运气扮演着一个很重要的角色，这是不可否认的事实。例如，很多重要的发现都是在偶然情况下发生的。有很多实例表明，有重大突破的研究人员和发明家，原本是要试图解决其他问题或是发明别的仪器。
而且，仅仅是天时地利这方面也有一些关系--也许是偶然碰到能提供好的工作和珍贵机会的人。当然也有极少数赌徒和彩票得主得到突如其来、意想不到的成功。
尽管运气的影响力不容忽视，但也不表示人就应该完全靠运气，而忽视努力的价值。如果一个人愿意努力，不论有没有运气额外的帮助，我相信终究还是会成功。此外，因为努力能让人充分利用幸运的机会，所以努力通常也是运气的必要因素。如果科学家没有努力培养自己的知识和技巧，那么当某个幸运的突破出现时，他可能也看不出来。因此，我建议大家不要指望运气能带来成功。相反地，应该努力，并随时注意不要错过任何好机会。
★ 托福口语话题词汇
★ 托福听力常见词汇
