雅思阅读训练方法之平行阅读法的步骤讲解

| 收藏本文 下载本文 作者:嘎嘣豆子

下面就是小编给大家整理的雅思阅读训练方法之平行阅读法的步骤讲解(共含7篇),希望您能喜欢!同时,但愿您也能像本文投稿人“嘎嘣豆子”一样,积极向本站投稿分享好文章。

雅思阅读训练方法之平行阅读法的步骤讲解

篇1:雅思阅读训练方法之平行阅读法的步骤讲解

雅思阅读训练方法之平行阅读法的步骤讲解一文向我们介绍了雅思阅读当中的一种方法称之为平行阅读法。这种方法需要我们带着多个问题去原文中找答案。

雅思阅读训练方法之平行阅读法的步骤讲解

雅思阅读训练方法之平行阅读法的步骤讲解为你带来一种大家或许听说过的雅思阅读的训练方法——平行阅读法的做题步骤和使用原理。雅思阅读有3篇文章构成,需要我们在阅读考试的规定时间内做完40多道题,且每道题还会有不同的类型,这更增加了我们的做题难度。因此,掌握正确的阅读训练方法是有必要的。

雅思平行阅读法剖析了雅思阅读独特的结构问题。雅思阅读文章有2~5 种题型,出题点在文章中无序排列。如果按照传统方法从前往后做题,必须把文章读2 ~3 遍(一篇雅思阅读文章约有800~1000字)——这是绝大多数考生在60 分钟内完不成40 个题目的主要原因。通过研究多套真题,笔者发现,虽然题目的出题点排列整体无序,可是在每一类题型内部却有序。因此,改传统的串行思维为并行思维,就是克 服结构障碍的平行阅读模式。

平行阅读法是一个开放的方法,对不同水平的读者要求不同。例如,一个以阅读为强项又想拿7 分、8 分的考生,不仅应该带3 个题目回原文找答案,还要运用平行阅读法的补充方法——比如判断题的“经验2”——来做题,因为他有这个实力。对于阅读能力稍差的考生,则可只运用平行阅 读法的基本款。如果考生的口语和听力占优势,阅读只需拿5 分,那么不妨仍按传统方法做题。阅读障碍的成因雅思阅读共有8 种题型,分别是:选择、判断、填空、选标题、简答、补全句子、图表和配对。每一篇文章都配有至少2种题型,多则5种,题型间的搭配也很灵活。但最关键的是题目并不按传统顺序排列。我们先以最简单的2种题型的搭配为例来说明。

假设有选择和判断两种题型:选择题有5 道,为1-5;判断题有5 道,为6-10。这两种题型的题目在原文出现的顺序可能有3 种: a. 先后顺序(传统顺序)。10 个题目的关键词按顺序从前往后即从1 - 10 依次在文章中出现。b. 部分交叉。第一种题型的首题关键词在文章中的位置先于第二种题型的首题(第6题)关键词,但其余题目的关键词与第二种题型题目的关键词在文章中交叉排列,但每种 题型内部仍按关键词在文中出现的先后顺序排列题目。如:1,6,2,3,7,4,5,8,9,10。c. 完全交叉。两种题型中各题目的关键词在文章中完全交叉在一起,第二种题型的首题关键词在文章中的位置先于第一种题型的首题关键词,但每种题型内部仍按关键词在文 中出现的先后顺序排列题目。如:6,1,7,2,3,4,8,5,9,10。以上3 种类型中,第1 类顺序我们最熟悉,考生只需按以往做题习惯从前往后读一遍文章,就可以把所有题目做完。在第2 类顺序中,除各自的首题外两种题型的关键词在文章中交叉出现,如果仍按顺序做题,难免漏题。因此必须至少读两遍原文才能把所有题目做完。第3 类顺序中两种题型的关键词完全交叉在一起,第2 种题型的首题第6 题的关键词最先出现在文章开头。题目之间没有明显的先后顺序。在没有恰当技巧的情况下,也要至少读两遍文章才能完成所有题目。d.隐含顺序。

如果仔细观察,不难发现即使在第2、第3 种情况中里依然存在着某种“先后顺序”,这种隐含顺序就是雅思阅读“革命性方法”的基础,即:1. 各类题型的题目关键词在整体上不存在先后顺序(disorder);2. 每一类题型内部却有先后顺序(order)。 把这两个特点组合在一起,就显现出雅思阅读题的结构特点——有序的无序性(orderly-disorder)。这个特点是平行阅读法存在的前提。例 如,在前面的例子中,1~10 题整体上不存在先后顺序,但是第1 种题型的1 ~5题关键词按先后顺序出现,第2 种题型的6~10 题关键词也按先后顺序出现。5 步平行阅读法 如果你理解了这种奇特的顺序,那么你已经准备好采用一种全新的方法应对雅思阅读题。我把这种方法总结成5步,并以文章“Sydney Olympics”为例做说明:

步骤1,略读题目(Skimming)。

略读文章的标题和首句,理解文章大意。在本例中,阅读标题Sydney2000 Olympics就能基本了解文章大意。

步骤2 ,精读问题(ReadingQuestions Intensively)。

如果文章配有3 种或3 种以上的题型,建议精读前三类题型的第1 道题,确定关键词。在本例中,应该先精读第1 题和第9 题,因为其答案出现的先后顺序不确定。第1 题的关键词为$960million,第9 题为1993。

步骤3,扫读原文(Scanning)。

回原文扫读关键词的3 种语言重现。这一步要利用本书介绍的新概念——语言重现,它包括3 类重现方式:1.A 对A 的原词重现。2.A 对B 的同义词重现。3.关系重现。

步骤4,精读出现语言重现的上下文(Reading Intensively)。

通过精读上下文,理解含义,分析语法,得出答案。扫读原文时,一旦发现关键词的任何一类语言重现,即转入精读过程。如果说扫读是看大意,那么精读就是 字斟句酌地看。不但要理解文章意思,还要分析语法,以便得出准确的答案。在本例中,最先在文中出现的是第1 题的关键词 $960 million的AA 语言重现,便可在此处找出答案。

步骤5,精读下一题(Reading the Next Question Intensively)。

此处用到刚才讲的“隐含顺序”:虽然题型之间不存在顺序,但是每一类题型内部的题目排列却有顺序。所以,第5 步解释为(如果第4 步完成的是第N 道题):继续精读第N + 1 道题。 进一步说明:我们在第2 步精读第1题和第9题,分别找出关键词$960million 和1993,并回原文扫读其语言重现。在第1段找到 $960 million的原词重现,精读后完成第1 题,N = 1。

接下来精读第N+1题,即第2题,关键词是大写的Federal Government。于是带第2题和第9题的关键词回原文继续扫读。在第2段找到第9题1993的AA 重现,精读后把第9题做完。此时N=9,N+1=10。

精读第10题,找出关键词revisedbudget。然后带第2 题与第10 题的关键词Federal Government 和revisedbudget 回原文扫读。很明显,第3 段里有revised budget。

做完第10题后看第11题,其关键词为含有大写字母的F e d e r a lGovernment's $5 million grant,与第2题的关键词重合,都在第3段最后。这里同时找到第2题和第10题的语言重现,得出答案后精读第3题和第11题。依此类推,直到完成所有题目。

在本篇文章中,每道题的答案在文章中出现的顺序是(黑体数字是判断题的题号):1,9,10,2,11,3,4,5,12,6,7,13,14,8。到此便能理解,上述新方法的特点是在各类题型之间穿梭做题,这符合雅思阅读题目答案在文章中的分布规律。 平行阅读法的优势。

平行阅读法是一种“一揽子方案”。无论关键词在文章中是顺序分布、部分交叉分布或完全交叉分布,考生都可以只阅读一遍文章就把题目完成,节省了反复阅 读的时间。特别要强调的是,“平行阅读法”一开始需要记住两道或三道题目的关键词,中间还要在题目之间转换,这对很多考生来说增加了负担。但是,这种技巧 完全可以通过练习来快速适应。要知道,一遍阅读要比任何形式的多遍阅读都快。

另外,平行阅读法强调把全文通读一遍,这也避免了因跳跃式定位关键词的AA 重现而错过AB 同义词重现的尴尬。因为,不逐句浏览是不可能找到A B 重现的。

对于刚刚接触雅思考试和平行阅读法的读者,在“平行阅读法”的5个步骤中最需要花时间练习的是第2步。精读题干,是要发现并牢记每道题中的关键词,然后转入第3步的文章扫读。有的考生却在第2步节省时间,仓促看题,关键词抓得不准,理解不透,结果在扫读文章时错过关键词的重现,反而浪费时间。

雅思阅读题中,各题型内部关键词的顺序性是存在的。但是,凡规律都有例外(There is no rule withoutexception.)。在极个别的情况下,题型内部也有乱序。

综上所述,平行阅读法并不是死的、一成不变的方法,它提供了一种多题并举的做题新思维。读者应根据自己的阅读实力和对考试分数的要求来使用这种方法。

以上就是雅思阅读训练方法之平行阅读法的步骤讲解的全部内容,同学们都了解并掌握了这种方法了吗。其实我们把平行阅读法再归纳总结一下的话,可以说成是带着复数个问题重读原文,定位相关词语找答案。因此他需要用到的技巧就是同义词替换,定位等。

雅思考试阅读模拟试题及答案解析

From The Economist print edition

How shops can exploit people’s herd mentality to increase sales

1. A TRIP to the supermarket may not seem like an exercise in psychological warfare—but it is. Shopkeepers know that filling a store with the aroma of freshly baked bread makes people feel hungry and persuades them to buy more food than they had intended. Stocking the most expensive products at eye level makes them sell faster than cheaper but less visible competitors. Now researchers are investigating how “swarm intelligence” (that is, how ants, bees or any social animal, including humans, behave in a crowd) can be used to influence what people buy.

2. At a recent conference on the simulation of adaptive behaviour in Rome, Zeeshan-ul-hassan Usmani, a computer scientist from the Florida Institute of Technology, described a new way to increase impulse buying using this phenomenon. Supermarkets already encourage shoppers to buy things they did not realise they wanted: for instance, by placing everyday items such as milk and eggs at the back of the store, forcing shoppers to walk past other tempting goods to reach them. Mr Usmani and Ronaldo Menezes, also of the Florida Institute of Technology, set out to enhance this tendency to buy more by playing on the herd instinct. The idea is that, if a certain product is seen to be popular, shoppers are likely to choose it too. The challenge is to keep customers informed about what others are buying.

3. Enter smart-cart technology. In Mr Usmani’s supermarket every product has a radio frequency identification tag, a sort of barcode that uses radio waves to transmit information, and every trolley has a scanner that reads this information and relays it to a central computer. As a customer walks past a shelf of goods, a screen on the shelf tells him how many people currently in the shop have chosen that particular product. If the number is high, he is more likely to select it too.

4. Mr Usmani’s “swarm-moves” model appeals to supermarkets because it increases sales without the need to give people discounts. And it gives shoppers the satisfaction of knowing that they bought the “right” product—that is, the one everyone else bought. The model has not yet been tested widely in the real world, mainly because radio frequency identification technology is new and has only been installed experimentally in some supermarkets. But Mr Usmani says that both Wal-Mart in America and Tesco in Britain are interested in his work, and testing will get under way in the spring.

5. Another recent study on the power of social influence indicates that sales could, indeed, be boosted in this way. Matthew Salganik of Columbia University in New York and his colleagues have described creating an artificial music market in which some 14,000 people downloaded previously unknown songs. The researchers found that when people could see the songs ranked by how many times they had been downloaded, they followed the crowd. When the songs were not ordered by rank, but the number of times they had been downloaded was displayed, the effect of social influence was still there but was less pronounced. People thus follow the herd when it is easy for them to do so.

6. In Japan a chain of convenience shops called RanKing RanQueen has been ordering its products according to sales data from department stores and research companies. The shops sell only the most popular items in each product category, and the rankings are updated weekly. Icosystem, a company in Cambridge, Massachusetts, also aims to exploit knowledge of social networking to improve sales.

7. And the psychology that works in physical stores is just as potent on the internet. Online retailers such as Amazon are adept at telling shoppers which products are popular with like-minded consumers. Even in the privacy of your home, you can still be part of the swarm.

Questions 1-6

Complete the sentences below with words taken from the reading passage. Use NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.

1. Shopowners realize that the smell of _______________ can increase sales of food products.

2. In shops, products shelved at a more visible level sell better even if they are more _______________.

3. According to Mr. Usmani, with the use of “swarm intelligence” phenomenon, a new method can be applied to encourage _______________.

4. On the way to everyday items at the back of the store, shoppers might be tempted to buy _______________.

5. If the number of buyers shown on the _______________ is high, other customers tend to follow them.

6. Using the “swarm-moves” model, shopowners do not have to give customers _______________ to increase sales.

雅思考试阅读模拟试题及答案解析

Questions 7-12

Do the following statements agree with the information given in the reading passage? For questions 7-12 write

YES if the statement agrees with the information

NO if the statement contraicts the information

NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this in the passage

7. Radio frequency identification technology has been installed experimentally in big supermarkets like Wal-Mart.

8. People tend to download more unknown songs than songs they are familiar with.

9. Songs ranked high by the number of times being downloaded are favored by customers.

10. People follow the others to the same extent whether it is convenient or not.

11. Items sold in some Japanese stores are simply chosen according to the sales data of other shops.

12. Swarm intelligence can also be observed in everyday life.

Answer keys:

1. 答案:(freshly baked) bread. (第1段第2 行:Shoppers know that filling a store with the aroma of freshly baked bread makes people feel hungry and persuades them to buy more food than they intended.)

2. 答案:expensive. (第1段第4 行: Stocking the most expensive products at eye level makes them sell faster than cheaper but less visible competitors.)

3. 答案:impulse buying. (第2段第1 句:At a recent conference on the simulation of adaptive behaviour in Rome, Zeeshan- ul- hassan Usmani, a computer scientist from the Florida Institute of Technology, described a new way to increase impulse buying using this phenomenon.)

4. 答案:other (tempting) goods/things/products. (第2段第2 句:Supermarkets already encourage shoppers to buy things they did not realise they wanted: for instance, by placing everyday items such as milk and eggs at the back of the store, forcing shoppers to walk past other tempting goods to reach them.)

5. 答案:screen. (第3段第4 行:As a customer walks past a shelf of goods, a screen on the shelf tells him how many people currently in the shop have chosen that particular product. If the number is high, he is more likely to select it too.)

6. 答案:discounts. (第4段第第1句:Mr Usmani’s “swarm- moves” model appeals to supermarkets because it increases sales without the need to give people discounts.)

7. 答案:NO. (第4段第3、4 句:The model has not yet been tested widely in the real world, mainly because radio frequency identification technology is new and has only been installed experimentally in some supermarkets. But Mr Usmani says that both Wal- Mart in America an Tesco in Britain are interestd in his workd, and testing will get under way in the spring. 短语 “get under way”的意思是“开始进行”,在Wal-Mart的试验要等到春天才开始)

8. 答案:NOT GIVEN. (在文中没有提及该信息)

9. 答案:YES。 (第5段第3 句:The reseachers found that when people could see the songs ranked by how many times they have been downloaded, they followed the crowd.)

10. 答案:NO。 (第5段最后两句:When the songs are not ordered by rank, but the number of times they had been downloaded was displayed, the effect of social influence was still there but was less pronounced. People thus follow the herd when it is easy for them to do so. pronounced 的词义是“显著的、明显的”)

11. 答案:YES。 (第6段第1 句:In Japan a chain of convenience shops called RanKing RanQueen has been ordering its products according to sales data from department stores and research companies.)

12. 答案:YES。 (最后一段最后一句:Even in the privacy of your home, you can still be part of the swarm. home应该算是everyday life的一部分

篇2:雅思平行阅读法介绍

平行阅读法是一套完善的方法,目的是一遍阅读完成全部40道题目。雅思阅读的独特之处在于orderly-disorder“有序的无序性”。也就是说文章后面各种题型之间是没有顺序的,而每种题型的内部有顺序。如果我们按照传统的方法做题,大多数文章都会重复看两遍或三遍从能把题目做完,而用平行阅读法可以大大的减少做题的时间一遍阅读把它们做完。它的基本方法就是同时带着不同题型的第一道题回原文找关键词的语言重现。很多考生在最初只认为这样做阅读的负担会很重,可实际上在很多文章不同题目的关键词是相同的,或者有的题目带有明显的标志。例如,人名,地名,时间,数字和生词。

雅思阅读训练方法之平行阅读法的步骤讲解

雅思平行阅读法剖析了雅思阅读独特的结构问题。雅思阅读文章有2~5 种题型,出题点在文章中无序排列。如果按照传统方法从前往后做题,必须把文章读2 ~3 遍(一篇雅思阅读文章约有800~1000字)——这是绝大多数考生在60 分钟内完不成40 个题目的主要原因。通过研究多套真题,笔者发现,虽然题目的出题点排列整体无序,可是在每一类题型内部却有序。因此,改传统的串行思维为并行思维,就是克 服结构障碍的平行阅读模式。

平行阅读法是一个开放的方法,对不同水平的读者要求不同。例如,一个以阅读为强项又想拿7 分、8 分的考生,不仅应该带3 个题目回原文找答案,还要运用平行阅读法的补充方法——比如判断题的“经验2”——来做题,因为他有这个实力。对于阅读能力稍差的考生,则可只运用平行阅 读法的基本款。如果考生的口语和听力占优势,阅读只需拿5 分,那么不妨仍按传统方法做题。阅读障碍的成因雅思阅读共有8 种题型,分别是:选择、判断、填空、选标题、简答、补全句子、图表和配对。每一篇文章都配有至少2种题型,多则5种,题型间的搭配也很灵活。但最关键的是题目并不按传统顺序排列。我们先以最简单的2种题型的搭配为例来说明。

假设有选择和判断两种题型:选择题有5 道,为1-5;判断题有5 道,为6-10。这两种题型的题目在原文出现的顺序可能有3 种: a. 先后顺序(传统顺序)。10 个题目的关键词按顺序从前往后即从1 - 10 依次在文章中出现。b. 部分交叉。第一种题型的首题关键词在文章中的位置先于第二种题型的首题(第6题)关键词,但其余题目的关键词与第二种题型题目的关键词在文章中交叉排列,但每种 题型内部仍按关键词在文中出现的先后顺序排列题目。如:1,6,2,3,7,4,5,8,9,10。c. 完全交叉。两种题型中各题目的关键词在文章中完全交叉在一起,第二种题型的首题关键词在文章中的位置先于第一种题型的首题关键词,但每种题型内部仍按关键词在文 中出现的先后顺序排列题目。如:6,1,7,2,3,4,8,5,9,10。以上3 种类型中,第1 类顺序我们最熟悉,考生只需按以往做题习惯从前往后读一遍文章,就可以把所有题目做完。在第2 类顺序中,除各自的首题外两种题型的关键词在文章中交叉出现,如果仍按顺序做题,难免漏题。因此必须至少读两遍原文才能把所有题目做完。第3 类顺序中两种题型的关键词完全交叉在一起,第2 种题型的首题第6 题的关键词最先出现在文章开头。题目之间没有明显的先后顺序。在没有恰当技巧的情况下,也要至少读两遍文章才能完成所有题目。d.隐含顺序。

如果仔细观察,不难发现即使在第2、第3 种情况中里依然存在着某种“先后顺序”,这种隐含顺序就是雅思阅读“革命性方法”的基础,即:1. 各类题型的题目关键词在整体上不存在先后顺序(disorder);2. 每一类题型内部却有先后顺序(order)。 把这两个特点组合在一起,就显现出雅思阅读题的结构特点——有序的无序性(orderly-disorder)。这个特点是平行阅读法存在的前提。例 如,在前面的例子中,1~10 题整体上不存在先后顺序,但是第1 种题型的1 ~5题关键词按先后顺序出现,第2 种题型的6~10 题关键词也按先后顺序出现。5 步平行阅读法 如果你理解了这种奇特的顺序,那么你已经准备好采用一种全新的方法应对雅思阅读题。我把这种方法总结成5步,并以文章“Sydney 2000Olympics”为例做说明:

步骤1,略读题目(Skimming)。

略读文章的标题和首句,理解文章大意。在本例中,阅读标题Sydney2000 Olympics就能基本了解文章大意。

步骤2 ,精读问题(ReadingQuestions Intensively)。

如果文章配有3 种或3 种以上的题型,建议精读前三类题型的第1 道题,确定关键词。在本例中,应该先精读第1 题和第9 题,因为其答案出现的先后顺序不确定。第1 题的关键词为$960million,第9 题为1993。

步骤3,扫读原文(Scanning)。

回原文扫读关键词的3 种语言重现。这一步要利用本书介绍的新概念——语言重现,它包括3 类重现方式:1.A 对A 的原词重现。2.A 对B 的同义词重现。3.关系重现。

步骤4,精读出现语言重现的上下文(Reading Intensively)。

通过精读上下文,理解含义,分析语法,得出答案。扫读原文时,一旦发现关键词的任何一类语言重现,即转入精读过程。如果说扫读是看大意,那么精读就是 字斟句酌地看。不但要理解文章意思,还要分析语法,以便得出准确的答案。在本例中,最先在文中出现的是第1 题的关键词 $960 million的AA 语言重现,便可在此处找出答案。

步骤5,精读下一题(Reading the Next Question Intensively)。

此处用到刚才讲的“隐含顺序”:虽然题型之间不存在顺序,但是每一类题型内部的题目排列却有顺序。所以,第5 步解释为(如果第4 步完成的是第N 道题):继续精读第N + 1 道题。 进一步说明:我们在第2 步精读第1题和第9题,分别找出关键词$960million 和1993,并回原文扫读其语言重现。在第1段找到 $960 million的原词重现,精读后完成第1 题,N = 1。

接下来精读第N+1题,即第2题,关键词是大写的Federal Government。于是带第2题和第9题的关键词回原文继续扫读。在第2段找到第9题1993的AA 重现,精读后把第9题做完。此时N=9,N+1=10。

精读第10题,找出关键词revisedbudget。然后带第2 题与第10 题的关键词Federal Government 和revisedbudget 回原文扫读。很明显,第3 段里有revised budget。

做完第10题后看第11题,其关键词为含有大写字母的F e d e r a lGovernment's $5 million grant,与第2题的关键词重合,都在第3段最后。这里同时找到第2题和第10题的语言重现,得出答案后精读第3题和第11题。依此类推,直到完成所有题目。

在本篇文章中,每道题的答案在文章中出现的顺序是(黑体数字是判断题的题号):1,9,10,2,11,3,4,5,12,6,7,13,14,8。到此便能理解,上述新方法的特点是在各类题型之间穿梭做题,这符合雅思阅读题目答案在文章中的分布规律。

平行阅读法的优势。

平行阅读法是一种“一揽子方案”。无论关键词在文章中是顺序分布、部分交叉分布或完全交叉分布,考生都可以只阅读一遍文章就把题目完成,节省了反复阅 读的时间。特别要强调的是,“平行阅读法”一开始需要记住两道或三道题目的关键词,中间还要在题目之间转换,这对很多考生来说增加了负担。但是,这种技巧 完全可以通过练习来快速适应。要知道,一遍阅读要比任何形式的多遍阅读都快。

另外,平行阅读法强调把全文通读一遍,这也避免了因跳跃式定位关键词的AA 重现而错过AB 同义词重现的尴尬。因为,不逐句浏览是不可能找到A B 重现的。

对于刚刚接触雅思考试和平行阅读法的读者,在“平行阅读法”的5个步骤中最需要花时间练习的是第2步。精读题干,是要发现并牢记每道题中的关键词,然后转入第3步的文章扫读。有的考生却在第2步节省时间,仓促看题,关键词抓得不准,理解不透,结果在扫读文章时错过关键词的重现,反而浪费时间。

雅思阅读题中,各题型内部关键词的顺序性是存在的。但是,凡规律都有例外(There is no rule withoutexception.)。在极个别的情况下,题型内部也有乱序。

综上所述,平行阅读法并不是死的、一成不变的方法,它提供了一种多题并举的做题新思维。读者应根据自己的阅读实力和对考试分数的要求来使用这种方法。

篇3:雅思平行阅读法介绍

(一)、合理安排答题时间

在IELTS测试过程中,每组题都给有答题参考时间,当所给时间结束时,就一定要停下来,即使这组题没有做完也要开始回答下一组题,否则所能完成的题数就会减少,从而影响IELTS的得分(score)。测试中,应尽可能快速阅读所给“指引”(direction),“例句”(example),及“问题”(question)三个部分,并准确理解,从而争取到更多时间来答题。切记不可为了节省时间而忽视查看指引部分,因为指引部分包含了理解题型、回答问题过程中至关重要的信息,如阅读文章的内容,要回答什么问题,及何种问题。当然,也不可以读的太慢,否则也会占用太多回答问题的时间。

(二)、阅读所给文章前要先看问题

首先查看试题布局:

1 阅读试题每一部分的开头与结尾;

2 每部分有多少道题;

3 每部分(或每组题)的答题时间;

4 先回答那些问题。

在IELTS测试中所有问题的答案只能是一个,除非另有说明。即使在多重选择题中,有不止一个符合答案,也只能选择一个最为合适的作为答案。IELTS测试的所有答案务必要填在所给的“answer sheet”纸上。否则,即使您完成了全部问题,也是没有任何分数。

在开始阅读所给文章前,应首先弄清需要回答的问题,再带着这些问题,有的放矢地去读那些与答题有关的部分,有些部分则完全不看,这样就可以节省出更多时间,达到事半功倍的效果。如果问句是以图表形式出现,那么图表栏目中,应标有一些文字题目,这些词/短语可用作关键词语。所以在答题时应细读图表中的词/短语,从而清楚地知道是何种问题,如何回答。

IELTS阅读考试应从在需要回答的问题中寻找关键词语开始,需要回答的问题中总会有些词或短语与文章中的某些词、短语完全相同,或词义相近、或者相关。寻找关键词的顺序如下:

问句主语中的名词 → 谓语动词(行为动词) → 宾语部分的名词

上述三个关键词可用作索引,用于在文章中找出答案的所在位置。一些介词短语或惯用表达法也可用作关键词语。特别是粗体字专有名词(表明数字、日期、时间、地点的词)均可用作关键词。

很多情况下,利用在问句中找到的关键词及短语与文中的词及短语相匹配即可得出答案,而无须细读。具体方法如下:

1.先在文中找到问句中的关键词及短语的相应位置。

2.仔细读这些关键词语所在的句子,很多情况下即可找到答案。

3.如果根据关键词语所在的句子无法确定答案,可再读上一个句及随后一句就基本上能找出其答案。

采用这种方法可直接、快速地找出答案。但有时问句中所含信息与文章中相应句子中的信息在顺序上有时可能出现不同,甚至前后完全倒置则应注意。

(三)、带着问题阅读文章

用扫描法对文章进行快速阅读,扫描式阅读的目的就是:

1. 找出文章的大意;

2. 查找某一具体内容。

3. 比对关键词语,确定答案。

具体方法:在一篇文章中用笔从左至右逐行快速移动,同时眼睛要紧随其移动,查看所要寻找的内容。但应注意到文章中有关问句的信息并非全都能在每个句子中找到,甚至在关键词及短语之间存在一些不相关的信息,这些都会是寻找答案过程中的困难。

IELTS阅读考试中,经常在一篇文章中带有图表或示意图。这些图表一定包含了一些有关回答问题的信息,也就是说有的答案就在这些图表中。因此,在阅读文章时一定也要对这些图表做一扫描,了解其内容从而加快答题速度,不然的话,就可能陷在文章中四处找寻答案而乱无头绪。

在文章中,数字是极容易找到的,如果在问句中出现数字时,可优先将数字作为索引,在文章中迅速找出答案的位置。需注意有时问句中的数字在文章中可能会用文字形式表达:

例如: 40%——forty percent。

一篇文章都包括几段,每段都有其主题思想。主题句提示这一段的主题含意。因此,一定要找出主题句,从而找出这一段的主题。主题句通常是一段文章的第一个句子(当然并非永远如此),寻找主题句的方法可按下列顺序:

第一句 --→ 第二句 --→中间句--→ 最后一句

在IELTS阅读测试中,很多情况下只需查看第一个句子,第二个句子或者中间句及最后一个句子就可找到答案。当然如果读完了这四个句子后还是找不到答案就要将整个段落再读一遍,找出答案所在。也可采用下述两种方法快速确定答案在文章中的位置:

1.利用问句中的1-3个关键词,在文章中查找相同或者相近及相关词语,来确定答案的位置。在IELTS阅读考试中,能否准确找出正确答案很大程度上取决于能否辨认出同义词、近义词、相关词及不同形式的短语。同义词,如kids---children; 词义相近,但并非同义如special off---discount price; 词义相关如 soldier---army。上述三种词汇/短语表达方式中,第一种同义词也相对不难,但第二种与第三种形式则不易辨认,所以要在阅读过程中多加比较练习。如能攻破这一关,则一定能够取得好的考试成绩。

2.通过了解每一段的主题思想,找出答案的位置。

另外应注意:一篇文章的引言也就是第一段,通常是描述全篇的中心思想。如果是一篇议论文,它阐述的则是作者的观点。

另外,结尾一段通常是对全篇文章所描述的主要观点做出的总结。

篇4:雅思平行阅读法介绍

首先,应明确雅思阅读的顺序性:所谓顺序性是指题目答案的在文章中出现的先后顺序。大题之间是无序的(disorder),而一类题中的几个小题之间是有序的。例如:一篇文章中有三种题型,第一种是选择(1-3),第二种是True/False/Not Given(4-7),第三种是summary(8-11)。按照以上的规律则表明,第一种题型之中即1-3题是有序的,而第4题在文章中的位置就不一定在第3题后面,也许在第一题后面或第二题后面。所以,抓住阅读文章的顺序性是很重要的。

下面介绍平行阅读的方法:

假设此篇文章有11道题,且11道题的答案在文章中出现位置的顺序如下:

....1....4............

........2.......3.....

5......8......9.......

6......10.....7.......

.........1...........

从上面的文章中可以看出,题型一、二、三之间是无序的,但每个题型之中的小题是有序的,即1-3,4-7,8-11是有序的。

方法:第一步,先带着第一类型的第一题和第二类型的第一题即(第1题和第4题)去阅读文章,首先,在读第一行的时候能碰到第1题的答案,此时,我们精读,把第1题做出。

第二步,在做出第1题后,带着第一类题型的第二小题和第二类题型的第一小题即(第2题和第4题)去读,然后在阅读的时候找到了第4题,精读,做出之后带着第一类题型的第二小题和第二题型的第二小题即(第2题和第5题)去读。在第二行能找到第2题的答案,精读,做出之后带着第3题和第5题去读.然后看到了第3题的答案,精读,做出第3题.此时第一类体型已经做完,于是,带着第5题和第三类题型的第一小题去读,即(第5题和第8题)去读......这样就能一次性把阅读做完,能节省不少时间。

篇5:雅思结构阅读法

雅思结构阅读法 时间紧张不再是问题

1 浏览文章的必要性

浏览文章是必备策略。做题时都是先读题目,然后通过关键词定位,最后找到答案。但如果遇到特殊题型,定位就玩不转了。

比如配对题。简单说,这个就是给一个细节,然后找出细节所在段落。用定位,就得一行行找,费事费力,更何况有时候还找不到,只能自己归纳。

比如剑四52页30题“a description of the mental activities which are exercised and developed during play”

在文章的段落中很难判断出这句信息。

还有T/F/NG题中,题目顺序和出题顺序还算一致,但顺序打乱也常有。比如剑五19页8-13题。要做出这些题,那就非读文章不可。

2 结构阅读法

于是有同学问,雅思文章题材五花八门,看都看不懂怎么在几分钟内搞定?这时候可以考虑下,相对固定的文章结构。

根据作者观察,所有雅思文章都可以分为两大类:介绍性的学术说明文和论辩性的学术论文。

说明文只是对一个既定的事实进行客观介绍和陈述,不包含argument,教科书就属于这一类;

而学术论文通常针对一个悬而未决的问题,进行论证,继而提出解决方案,其过程就是提出问题、分析问题、解决问题。

在雅思考试中,这类文章分为两种:实验论证和逻辑论证。

(1)、介绍类学术说明文

要判断文章类别,一般看标题就可以了。介绍类文章是对某事物或现象进行描述或介绍,所以标题一般为名词短语或者以How开头的疑问句。具体结构如下:-Introduce a phenomenon or a fact.-Detailed Description:Timeline/Different Aspects/Logic Development-Look into the future/Summary

无论什么文章,起始段总是引出主题,所以多用叙述描写性语言,或介绍现象,或陈述事实,或交代问题。

在介绍类说明文中,中间断落是对事物细节的展开描述,各种话题可以通过三种不同方式展开。

第一类时间顺序,通常用于陈述一个历史事件,例如剑五中的“Johnson’s Dictionary”就是这一类。

第二类并列或递进,从各个侧面来介绍,例如剑四中的“What Do Whales feel?”,一看标题就知道是介绍鲸鱼各个感官的,属于并列结构。

第三类是逻辑顺序,据笔者统计,环境自然类文章多依照这种顺序,下文对此会作详细评述,这里不再赘言。

(2)、论证类文章的结构

实验类文章

-Introduce experiment-Pre-experiment (Subjects, Tools, Methods)-Experiment Process-Result (Collecting Data)-Analyses and Syntheses

阅读中,实验类文章结构最为固定。分析了“剑五”中所有实验类文章,其结构都是以上套路,这是因为实验报告的形式本来就单调。

首段总是说明实验的缘起以及实验没目的,然后介绍实验前的准备工作包括器具,实验主体等,接着进入实验进程的描述,而后公布实验结果,最后综合数据得出结论。

无论实验做什么,这个基本顺序是不会改变的。

逻辑论证类文章-Introduce the topic/problem-Literature Review (Optional)-Present Causes/Reasons (optional)-Writer’s Approach-Supporting Evidences-Conclusions

这结构更近于论文。起始段导出议题,第二部分对议题进行文献综述,介绍已有的观点或探讨引发问题的原因,第三部分引入作者的判断以及相关分论点或论据,最后是结论。在雅思考试是中这类文章通常是比较难的。

总之,做题前分析结构有必要,是有效备考的良方。

雅思阅读机经小范围预测

文章题目 Undergraduate students study dramas

重复年份 0331 1018

题材 人文社科

文章大意 文学专业学生的课程指南,提到了让学生观看英国不同时期剧院中的戏剧,并列举了不同时期四种剧院的特点。

参考阅读:

Medieval period

Main article: Medieval theatre

By the medieval period, the mummers' plays had developed, a form of early street theatre associated with the Morris dance, concentrating on themes such as Saint George and the Dragon and Robin Hood. These were folk tales re-telling old stories, and the actors travelled from town to town performing these for their audiences in return for money and hospitality

Renaissance: Elizabethan and Jacobean periods

The period known as the English Renaissance, approximately 1500—1660, saw a flowering of the drama and all the arts. The two candidates for the earliest comedy in English Nicholas Udall's Ralph Roister Doister (c. 1552) and the anonymous Gammer Gurton's Needle (c. 1566), belong to the 16th century.

...

文章题目 Fluoridation in the water

重复年份 20160312 20140719 0119

题材 医疗健康

题型 选择题 3+判断 6+句子填空 5

文章大意 本文讲述了氟化物添加对健康影响。对要不要对饮用水进行氟化处理,学者有两派不同的意见

部分参考答案:

选择题:

1. How hot is the area A

2. People should not be forced to take compulsory medication

3. To demonstrate that scientists’ finding will be influenced by social factors

判断题:

4. 待补充

5. Science should not decide policy

6. Scientific and social factors should be separated No

7. Many sociologist ignore S’s study

8. S work was not emphasized by sicnetists outside the northern America NG

9. Both supporters and opponents have made valid argument. YES

填空题:

10. Science is objective and unbiased

11. Can be affected by social factors

12. Scientific discovery cannot be understood at first

13. Cautious action is not necessary

14. People should have the right to choose

文章题目 Fish communications

重复年份 1203 20130713

题材 动物

题型 判断 6+填空 7

文章大意 讲了鱼类的交流,德国科学家在红海发现红色的鱼,发现是激发荧光。鱼用这个荧光来识别种群、标识位置、吓退敌人、掩盖自己和捕捉猎物。

参考阅读:

Fish Communication

Can fish “talk?” And if they do, can other fish hear what they are saying?

The answer to both questions is yes, but fish “talk” and “hear” somewhat differently than humans. Although not extremely common, there are several species of fish that are able to produce sound to communicate with members of their own and other species. Most of the fish that produce sound do it at such low frequencies that divers cannot hear the noises. But several species do produce sound in the range that humans can hear. For example, grunts are able to produce sound by grinding their flat teeth together (hence the name grant!) The large Jewfish, Nassau and Black groupers are known to make very loud “booms” when startled or cornered. Jewfish have also been observed to make these loud sounds during courtship.

Of all reef fish, damselfish are thought to use sound the most complexly. These fish use sound when males and defending territories: two males are often seen facing off and emitting a series of combative pops. In addition to playing a part in defending its territory, damselfish also use sound during courtship, as the jewfish does. However instead of the loud booms of the jewfish, the male damselfish produce chirps to attract females.

雅思阅读机经真题答案及解析

一、考试概述:

本次考试的文章两篇新题一篇旧题,第一篇描述了两个科学家在撒哈拉的发现,研究了古代人的生存方式,第二篇是讲了利用心理学对课堂行为进行研究,第三篇是讲非语言交流的,人类除了用语言交流,其他手势、行为等的非语言形式也很重要

二、具体题目分析

Passage 1:

题目:Human Remain in Green Sahara

题型:判断题4 +简答题3+填空题6

新旧程度:旧题

文章大意:描述了两个科学家在撒哈拉的发现,研究古代人的生存方式。

参考文章:

Human Remain in Green Sahara

A

On October 13,2,000, a small team of paleontologists led by Paul Sereno of the University of Chicago clambered out of three battered Land Rovers, filled their water bottles, and scattered on foot across the toffee-colored sands of the Tenere desert in northern Niger. The Tenere,on the southern flank of the Sahara, easily ranks among the most desolate landscapes on Earth. The Tuareg,turbaned nomads who for centuries have ruled this barren realm, refer to it as a “desert within a desert”a California-size ocean of sand and rock, where a single massive dune might stretch a hundred miles, and the combination of 120-degreeheat and inexorable winds can wick the water from a human body in less than a day. The harsh conditions, combined with intermittent conflict between the Tuareg and the Niger government, have kept the region largely unexplored.

B

Mike Hettwer, a photographer accompanying the team, headed off by himself toward a trio of small dunes. He crested the first slope and stared in amazement. The dunes were spilling over with bones. He took a few shots with his digital camera and hurried back to the Land Rovers. ‘I found some bones:'Hettwer said, when the team had regrouped. “But they're not dinosaurs. They're human.”

C

In the spring of Sereno contacted Elena Garcea, an archaeologist at the University of Cassino, in Italy, inviting her to accompany him on a return to the site. Garcea had spent three decades working digs along the Nile in Sudan and in the mountains of the Libyan Desert, and was well acquainted with the ancient peoples of the Sahara. But she had never heard of Paul Sereno. His claim to have found so many skeletons in one place seemed far fetched, given that no other Neolithic cemetery contained more than a dozen or so. Some archaeologists would later be skeptical; one sniped that he was just a ‘moonlighting paleontologist.’ But Garcea was too intrigued to dismiss him as an interloper. She agreed to join him.

D

Garcea explained that the Kiffian were a fishing-based culture and lived during the earliest wet period, between 8,000 and 10,000 years ago. She held a Kiffian sherd next to a Tenerian one. “What is so amazing is that the people who made these two pots lived more than a thousand years apart.

E

Over the next three weeks, Sereno and Garcea-- along with five American excavators, five Tuareg guides, and five soldiers from Niger's army, sent to protect the camp from bandits-- made a detailed map of the site, which they dubbed Gobero, after the Tuareg name for the area. They exhumed eight burials and collected scores of artifacts from both cultures. In a dry lake bed adjacent to the dunes, they found dozens of fishhooks and harpoons carved from animal bone. Apparently the Kiffian fishermen weren't just going after small fry: Scattered near the dunes were the remains of Nile perch, a beast of a fish that can weigh nearly 300 pounds, as well as crocodile and hippo bones.

F

Sereno flew home with the most important skeletons and artifacts and immediately began planning for the next field season. In the meantime, he carefully removed one tooth from each of four skulls and sent them to a lab for radiocarbon dating. The results pegged the age of the tightly bundled burial sat roughly 9,000 years old, the heart of the Kiffian era. The smaller ‘sleeping’ skeletons turned out to be about 6,000 years old, well within the Tenerian period. At least now the scientists knew who was who.

G In the fall of they returned to Gobero, accompanied by a larger dig crew and six additional scientists. Garcea hoped to excavate some80 burials, and the team began digging. As the skeletons began to emerge from the dunes, each presented a fresh riddle, especially the Tenerian. A male skeleton had been buried with a finger in his mouth.

H

Even at the site, Arizona State University bioarchaeologist Chris Stojanowski could begin to piece together some clues. Judging by the bones, the Kiffian appeared to be a peaceful, hardworking people. “The lack of head and forearm injuries suggests they weren't doing much fighting,” he told me. “And these guys were strong.” He pointed to a long,narrow ridge running along a femur. “That’s the muscle attachment,” he said. “This individual had huge leg muscles, which means he was eating a lot of protein and had a strenuous lifestyle-- both consistent with a fishing way of life.” For contrast, he showed me the femur of a Tenerian male. The ridge was barely perceptible. “This guy had a much less strenuous lifestyle,” he said, “which you might expect of a herder.“

I

Stojanowski's assessment that the Tenerian were herders fits the prevailing view among scholars of life in the Sahara 6,000 years ago, when drier conditions favored herding over hunting. But if the Tenerian were herders, Sereno pointed out, where were the herds? Among the hundreds of animal bones that had turned up at the site, none belonged to goats or sheep, and only three came from a cow species. “It’s not unusual for a herding culture not to slaughter their cattle, particularly in a cemetery,M Garcea responded, noting that even modem pastoralists, such as Niger’s Wodaabe, are loath to butcher even one animal in their herd. Perhaps, Sereno reasoned, the Tenerian at Gobero were a transitional group that had not fully adopted herding and still relied heavily on hunting and fishing.

J

Back in Arizona, Stojanowski continues to analyze the Gobero bones for clues to the Green Saharans’ health and diet. Other scientists are trying to derive DNA from the teeth, which could reveal the genetic origins of the Kiffian and Tenerian — and possibly link them to descendants living today. Sereno and Garcea estimate a hundred burials remain to be excavated. But as the harsh Tenere winds continue to erode the dunes, time is running out. “Every archaeological site has a life cycle,” Garcea said. “It begins when people begin to use the place, followed by disuse, then nature takes over, and finally it is gone. Gobero is at the end of its life.”

篇6:雅思阅读高分技巧之分步阅读法

首先,要大量地、持续地阅读英语读物。只有平时读惯了英语文章,在考试中才不至于看到大段大段的文章就头疼。多单词一次看不认识,多看几遍就认识了。这个多看几遍可以在重复阅读中实现。很多语法一次不熟悉,多重复几次就熟悉了,理解了,会用了。很多表达开始很陌生,经过多次接触就明白了,掌握了。

其次,关于雅思阅读有很多方法,最基础的无外乎skimming和scanning。实际上掌握这两个技巧我们就能达到“一目十行”的效果。

但是,想要更加顺畅地做阅读,我们需要更多的训练。在阅读中,我们不仅要掌握找关键词、关键句等技巧,还要将现有的技巧进行整合,开发新的技巧。一切为提高效率服务,要读得又快又好。

在平时备考中,我们还必须要养成朗读的习惯,不仅在做题的时候要读出声来,而是说平时阅读文章的时候要朗读出来。

提升雅思阅读实力应着眼四个方面

1、语法

掌握雅思语法应侧重对句子的理解,应学会从句子的主干成分-----主谓结构入手,对并列句、比较句、指代句、复合句和双重否定句有充分的把握,注意人称、语态在句子中的变化,并结合句子上下问,正确地掌握其要表达的思想。要逐渐培养将一个长句子读成一个 相对短的句子、即长句短读的能力。读完一个长句后自己能总结归纳,提炼其陈述的要点。

2、单词

根据自己的英语基础制定出每天能够坚持的,切实可行的背单词计划。

结合阅读文章记忆单词是颇为有效的方法。如脱离语言环境孤立地背单词汇,就很容易把单词的意义和正确用法遗忘或者混淆。而且,枯燥的单词书和字母表容易 让人疲倦和产生挫败感。在精读雅思文章的同时背单词,除了单词的收获,还能深入了解文章中的各类人文常识,趣味科普知识,从而产生每天坚持阅读,坚持背单 词的兴趣和动力。另外,有效记单词的另一个重要原则是:一定要反复记忆。背过的单词一定要定期复习。

3、加大阅读广度

在和雅思阅读8分以上的高分学员的交流中发现:学员们的单词量大小可能有差别,但共同点却很明显:英语的积累阅读量大。有的是考前通读过多种雅思阅读资 料,有的是过去读过TOEFL、GRE和GMAT的各类文章,有的是因为工作的需要每天上网快速阅读英文参考文献。所以,积累和扩大自己的英文阅读量是迈 向高分的必由之路。G类考试的阅读前两部分通常是使用性强的功能性短文,如菜单、产品说明、同志、住宿安排和广告等、非常贴近西方的实际生活,但对国内绝 大多数考生而言很陌生。另外建议争取每天阅读一定量的原版英文报刊、书籍,如Time、Reader's Digest等。尤其注意其中的各类广告。而A类阅读则注意多阅读篇幅较长的科普文章或学术性议论文,建议每天花半小时以上时间浏览 www.nature.com、www.nationalgeographic.com、www.economist.com、www.newscientist.com、等网站,这些网站的文风、常用词汇和句子结构与雅思A类阅读相似。

4、提高阅读速度

雅思考试的阅读部分,无论是A还是G类,都是同时测试考生的阅读速度和理解的精确度。而怎样快速地阅读完长文章,留出充足的时间回答各类题型,是考生必然面临的一个难题。要想提高阅读速度首先要改掉阅读的不良习惯。针对大多数考生的通病,提出下面4点注意事项:

1。扩大眼睛扫描的宽度。要达到雅思阅读的速度,请注意训练自己一眼看过,至少阅读到3~5个单词。

2。阅读过程中只使用眼睛和大脑两大器官。不要小声读出来(使用了嘴和耳朵:)),不要在心中默读(能默读说明你一眼只看到一个单词

3。遇到生单词不用紧张,学会通过上下文猜大意

4。有重点地阅读,把握文章结构和大意

【注意】培养重要考核能力

有了以上基础,还要有针对性地训练和提高雅思阅读所要求的各种阅读能力。按照对获得雅思高分的重要性顺序,这些阅读能力依次为

把握长文章结构(Understanding framework of a passage)

快速浏览文章(Skimming)

扫描特定信息(Scanning)

理解复杂句子结构(Understanding complex structure)

通过上下问猜测句意(Understanding meaning from context)

形成概念(Forming a mental image)

雅思阅读背景知识介绍之数字13为什么不吉利

1. 最后的晚餐中的13门徒

Some Christian traditions have it that at the Last SupperJudas, the disciple who betrayed Jesus, was the 13th to sit at the table.

传说耶稣遇难前和弟子们共进了一次晚餐。参加晚餐的第13个人是耶稣的弟子犹大。就是这个犹大为了30块银元,把耶稣出卖给犹太教当局,致使耶稣受尽折磨。而且参加最后晚餐的是13个人,晚餐的日期恰逢13日,“13”给耶稣带来苦难和不幸。从此,“13”被认为是不幸的象征,也成为背叛和出卖的同义词。

2. 北欧火神洛基的传说

Triskaidekaphobia may have also affected the Vikings-it is believed that Loki in the Norse pantheon was the 13th god. More specifically, Loki was believed to have engineered the murder of Balder, and was the 13th guest to arrive at the funeral. This is perhaps related to the superstition that if thirteen people gather, one of them will die in the following year.

在北欧神话中,火神洛基(Loki)是诸神中的第13位,他本身邪恶而狡诈。他欺骗并唆使黑暗盲神Hoder害死了自己的兄弟、光明之神 Balder,又成为葬礼上的第13位吊唁者。此后西方就有迷信:如果葬礼中有13个人出席,那么其中一人会在第二年死去。这也是“恐数字13症”的一种由来。

3. 波斯黄道十二宫的传说

Ancient Persians believed the twelve constellations in the Zodiac controlled the months of the year, and each ruled the earth for a thousand years at the end of which the sky and earth collapsed in chaos. Therefore, the thirteenth is identified with chaos and the reason Persians leave their houses to avoid bad luck on the thirteenth day of the Persian Calendar, a tradition called Sizdah Bedar.

古代的波斯人相信天空中的黄道十二星座掌控着一年的十二个月,而每个星座会统治地球一千年。等到十二个轮回结束,天空和大地就会崩塌。因此,第十三就和混乱联系了起来。波斯人在波斯历上的第十三天会外出、以避免厄运,这个传统被称为“Sizdah Bedar”,意思是“十三户外”。

However, the number 13 is not uniformly bad in the Judeo-Christian tradition. For example, the 13 attributes of God (also called the thirteen attributes of mercy) are enumerated in the Torah. Some modern Christian churches also use 13 attributes of God in sermons.

除此以外,不吉利的13还有很多传闻,包括汉莫拉比法典(code of Hummurabi)的第13条法规、十字军东征时的13圆桌骑士以及Friday the 13th(十三号星期五)等等。不过,也不是所有基du教传统的国家都认为13是不吉利的,在某些基du教祭典中还有13信条的仪式.

雅思阅读Heading题的段落结构剖析

通过很多段落的分析,我们发现做HEADING 题一个总的做题原则:精读首句,一一对应原则,即首先划好题目的关键词,再从每段第一句进行阅读,寻找题目关键词和段落的一一对应原则。如果第一句能与题目对应就对应了,如果第一句不能与题目对应,则还须往后阅读直到找到对应为止。但使用这个原则的同时还必须确保第一句是中心句。怎样断定第一句为中心句,我们可以对段落结构进行分析,来寻求中心句,一般的段落结构可概括为六种:

一.总分段落。一般第二句话有for example/for instance之类举例关系词时, 那么可以断定第一句为中心句。如剑3T2section C段落可说明此问题。

二.总分总段落,这种段落就是在总分结构段落最后加一个总结句。如剑3T1P3就是这种段落,通过分析此段中心句仍是第一句。

三.分总段落。这种段落把主题句放在了最后。如《剑桥大学老样题》P2Q12中心句为最后一句This is a purely person-skills match approach to selection。这是个下定义句型,一般下定义的句型(A is B, A is defined as….,A is called…, The definition of A is ….)我们可以看之为中心句,这种方法在剑2T1P2B段和E段都有体现。

四.分总分段落,即在分总的基础上继续分述某些具体内容,参见剑3T1P3Q3.

五.对比段落结构。此种段落的特征为段落中间方向发生改变(如转折),因此,如果段落当中出现but, however, while之类转折词,转折后面是重点,可作为中心句的位置。如剑6T2P1B段。

六.并列段落结构。几个共同的例子说明同样的问题。如剑2T3P3A段

通过以上分析,我们也可得出怎么判断第一句不是中心句:

一:如第一句有具体的人名地名时间只类,则第一句不是中心句,因为中心句是概括的。

二:如第一句后有however, but 之类转折词或refutes之类否定词时,第一句一般不是中心句。

当然,针对程度较差学生,理解段落确实存在着困难,我们还可通过重复法对段落大意进行敲定,即如果一个段落中同一个词或它的同义词重复出现,我们可以选对应的heading. 如《雅思高分阅读》(第二版)P13第一段通过was introduced, it originated, dating from, 等同义词重复可以选择对应HEADING: The origins of the sonnet.

总的来说HEADING题是雅思考试难度较大的一种题型,一般建议学生做题时先做细节题把HEADING留最后,相关的细节信息对段落的理解有一定的帮助。总之做EADING 题要有心理准备,有的段落通过首句即可断定答案,有的段落需要读到段落中部,有的段落则须从头至尾进行理解。更多最新、最专业的雅思备考资料,资讯,尽在新东方雅思频道!

篇7:雅思阅读分组式阅读法

雅思阅读分组式阅读法

因此对很多雅思阅读中的长难句而言,无非就是从简单句添加定语、补语状语等成分后转化成的复杂句。因此小站君谈到的分组式阅读其实就是讲长难句或者词组进行划分不同的部分进行阅读,先找到主谓宾,再找相对应的修饰语句。这样句子被归组之后,除了能够理清句子强调的重点之外,更能提高我们雅思阅读的意义。我们可以通过剑桥雅思6 Test4 Passage2第8段其中一部分进行比较:

The results of the study lend support to the World Bank’s recommendation that education budgets in developing countries should be increased, not just to help their economies, but also to improve child health.

考生如果逐字逐句的划分的话,则需要差不多30多次的停顿才能读完这句话,意思往往会被错误理解,例如研究表明预算给世界银行会帮助提高经济,还能增加儿童健康。这种理解往往产生主语的歧义。如果我们按照雅思分组式阅读法来看,只需要几次的停顿就可以很容易读懂这句长句的真正意思:为研究表明增加教育预算给世界银行能够有助于发展中国家经济建设和儿童健康的提高。

The results of the study / lend support /to the World Bank’s recommendation that / education budgets in developing countries / should be increased, / not just /to help their economies,/ but also /to improve child health.

此外,很多考生很简单的认为这种雅思分组式阅读法无非就是解构句子,然后进行阅读理解。其实这只说对了一部分,考生通过对相关的分组,能够避免以单个单词为单位进行逐个阅读,就是常规的逐字逐句。逐字逐句阅读不仅很容易对句子的意义产生误解,而且速度很慢。应对小篇幅的文章而言,逐字逐句阅读是可以的;但是对于雅思阅读这种偏学术类(文章,文章篇幅过长且考试时间紧张,并不适用),考生们在国外接受纯英语授课,需要阅读和接受大量的外文资料,逐字逐句阅读实在效率太低了。

小站君今天的分组式阅读,不仅可以通过语法划分,还能通过词组划分,以小组为单位进行理解,除了快速理清句子的逻辑结构之外,还能保证文章的连贯性。先看看词组划分,进行分组式阅读。如下例所示:

This glass / has five times the strength of / standard glass,/ and when it does break / it / shatters into tiny cubes / rather than / large, razor-sharp shards. (剑5 Test4 Passage2)

很多考生都有这个共识,单词是一个意思,但是组成词组意思会大相径庭,不同单词的搭配,词组的意思也是变化不同。所以当考生看到句子中的词组,应该快速进行分组,然后进行阅读全句的准备。比如“away”和其他单词的组合:go away(走开),take away(拿走),pass away(去世)。

Long-day plants / are adapted for situations / that require fertilisation by insects,/ or a long period of seed ripening. (剑5 Test4 Passage3)

看看上述例子,主语是Long-day plants,谓语是are adapted for situations,修饰谓语的宾语从句是that require fertilisation by insects.因此考生可以很快进行语法划分,进行分组式阅读。上文也提到过句子的结构其实很简单,因此我们按照句子中的主语,谓语,宾语进行分组,然后对修饰主谓宾的成分——定状补进行分组,这样就有更好理解句子的意思,而且能更快掌握。

雅思阅读材料:250美元的土豪汉堡

这里新出了一款售价250美元的汉堡,土豪你知道吗?

纽约一家餐厅决定推出一款售价250美元的汉堡,这个味觉炸弹包括了神户牛肉,烟肉,鹅肝酱,白松露以及鱼子酱等各种高端食材。你还可以随意无限量地添加番茄酱和蛋黄酱。

推出这款汉堡的餐厅名叫Beer & Buns,将于本月底在The Court酒店开业。而这款汉堡也将努力摘获该市最贵汉堡的称号。“一开始我们想售价999刀的,但鬼才会买呢。” 酒店高管Abigail Tan说,“后来我们还是觉得250刀最合理,应该会有不少人想买,还可以几个人一起分着吃”

其实只要两种食材,这款汉堡尝起来就够棒了,这也是这款汉堡的小瑕疵。因为厨师Wisit Panpinyo太突出烟肉和鹅肝的味道使得鱼子酱的味道几乎被彻底掩盖了。

而如果有客人不愿意花这么多钱买一个汉堡,该餐厅还推出了一系列泛亚洲食品比如售价12到17刀的汉堡。其实这不是款天价汉堡。Serendipity 3餐厅曾推出过一款售价295刀的汉堡,其中包含了松露,鱼子酱,黄金甚至一个钻石牙签,但其中一部分被捐给了慈善机构。在这款汉堡面市两年后,666汉堡快车推出了一款名为 “Douche Burger” 的产品,其中包含了龙虾,鱼子酱,松露,鹅肝和金箔,并售价666刀,但这家店很快就倒闭了。

最早的天价汉堡源自2001年,一个名叫Daniel Boulud的厨师将鹅肝和排骨融入了汉堡的制作。目前这款汉堡仍售价32刀,但含有松露的款则要售价140刀。

Does the Hamburglar know about this?

A Midtown restaurant will sell a $250 hamburger — an umami bomb comprised of Kobe beef, foie gras, crispy pancetta, white truffles and caviar.

Ketchup and mayonnaise are complimentary.

The Indulgence Burger at Beer & Buns, which will open later this month in The Court Hotel, is the latest mound of beef hoping to land the title of “most expensive burger” in the city.

”We thought about charging $999 for it, but realized no one would buy that,“ says Abigail Tan, an executive with the hotel company. ”For $250, someone may buy it and split it up.“

There’s certainly enough flavor for two — and that’s part of the problem. Chef Wisit Panpinyo’s concoction is so rich with pancetta and foie that you don’t even taste the caviar.

For those who aren't willing to shell out a couple of hundred on a hamburger, the restaurant will offer several pan-Asian inspired burgers and sliders, which range from about $12 to $17.

It's not the first time burger prices have been overcooked. Serendipity 3 offers a $295 patty with truffles, caviar, gold and even a diamond toothpick — but a portion of the price is set aside as a donation to the Bowery Mission.

Two years ago, the 666 Burger food truck sold a “Douche Burger” of lobster, caviar, truffles, foie gras and gold leaf for $666. But the truck is closed until May.

The original expensive burger was created by chef Daniel Boulud in 2001, when he combined foie gras and ground short ribs at db Bistro Moderne. The dish is still on the menu for $32 — but the truffle version is $140.

雅思阅读材料:改变世界的14个发明

What's the greatest invention since sliced cheese? Wait: Why is sliced cheese so great in the first place? Here are 14 inventions that REALLY changed the world -- cheese not included.

自从切片奶酪问世以来,最伟大的发明是什么?等等:为什么切片奶酪如此伟大呢?以下是实实在在改变了世界的14个伟大发明——当然不包括奶酪。

Bicycle (1861)

The French vélocipède, invented in 1861 by Pierre Marchaux, is widely considered to be the first true bicycle. There are a billion bicycles now worldwide, twice as many as automobiles.

自行车(1861年)

1861年法国的皮埃尔?马少克斯发明的vélocipède是公认的辆自行车。现在全世界有10亿辆自行车,数量是汽车的两倍。

Aspirin (1899)

The first recorded use of Aspirin-like remedies goes back to nearly 500 BC when Hippocrates, the ”father of modern medicine," wrote about treating such symptoms as headaches, pains, and fevers using willow bark and leaves -- which contain salicylic acid.

The formula was perfected in 1899 by a French chemist who developed acetylsalicylic acid, which maintained the benefits of pure salicylic acid with less severe side effects. By 1899, Bayer was selling it around the world.

阿司匹林(1899年)

有记载的首次使用类似阿司匹林的药物要追溯到公元前500年左右,当时被称为“现代医学之父”的古希腊名医希波克拉底写道能用柳树皮和柳叶治疗头痛、疼痛、发烧等症状。柳树皮和树叶含有水杨酸。

1899年一位法国化学家完善了这一配方,研制出了乙酰水杨酸(即阿司匹林),在保留纯水杨酸的功能的同时减少了副作用。到1899年拜耳公司已在世界各地广泛销售阿司匹林。

Wheel (3500-3350 BC)

The invention of the wheel has been pivotal for technology in general, setting the foundation for future developments such as the water wheel, the cogwheel, and the spinning wheel. Modern descendants include the propeller, the jet engine, and the turbine. Pictured is the Wheel of the Etruscan chariot (ca. 530 BC)

车轮(公元前3500年到3350年)

车轮的发明对于技术的总体发展至关重要,为未来的进一步发展,如水车、齿轮、纺车的发明奠定了基础。车轮在现代的衍生物包括螺旋桨、喷气式发动机和涡轮机。图中是伊特鲁里亚双轮战车的车轮(约在公元前530年)。

Bra (Early 1900s)

Mary Phelps Jacob was looking for an alternative to the ubiquitous and sometimes unsightly corset. She ended up creating a bra using a handkerchief and ribbon. Jacob was awarded a patent in 1914 and would later sell her business to Warner Brothers Corset Company for $1,500.

胸罩(20世纪初)

玛丽?菲尔普斯?雅各布在寻找一种能替代无处不在、有时很不雅观的紧身胸衣的东西。她用手帕和缎带制造出了一个胸罩。雅各布因这一发明在1914年被授予专利,之后她以1500美元的价格将这一专利权出售给华纳兄弟紧身胸衣公司。

Flush Toilet (1596)

Various versions of flushing toilets were used as far back as the 26th century BC in the Indus Valley, where the cities of Harappa and Mohenjo-daro had a flush toilet in almost every house, attached to a sophisticated sewage system. The true prelude to the modern flush toilet began in 1596 when Sir John Harington installed his version of a flush system for the Queen of England.

冲水马桶(1596年)

人们早在公元前26世纪就开始使用各种形态的冲水马桶了,当时在印度河流域的哈拉帕市和摩亨佐-达罗,几乎每所房子里都有一个抽水马桶,马桶和精密的下水道系统相连接。现代抽水马桶真正拉开序幕是在1596年,当时约翰?哈灵顿爵士为英国女王安装了一个自己设计的冲水马桶系统。

Thermometer (16th Century)

The word thermometer (in its French form) first appeared in 1624 in La Récréation Mathématique by J. Leurechon, who describes one with a scale of 8 degrees. But each inventor and each thermometer was unique -- there was no standard scale. Finally in 1724 Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit produced a temperature scale which now (slightly adjusted) bears his name. Pictured is a classic Galileo model.

温度计(16世纪)

温度计一词最初是以法文La Récréation Mathématique的形式出现的,1624年J?劳伊雷肖恩首次用该词来指代有8个刻度的温度计。不过每个发明家和他们的温度计都很独特,也没有标准的度量标准。在1724年丹尼尔?盖布瑞尔?华伦海特制出了一种温度度标,经过略微改动后就是今天以他的名字命名的华氏温度。图中是传统的伽利略温度计的模型。

Radio (1895)

Though guys like James Clerk Maxwell, Nikola Tesla, and Thomas Edison all made important contributions to the development of radio technology, it was Guglielmo Marconi who built a wireless system capable of transmitting signals at long distances in 1895.

收音机(1895年)

尽管詹姆斯?克拉克?麦克斯韦、尼古拉?特斯拉和托马斯?爱迪生等人都为收音机技术的研发做出了重要贡献,然而是古列尔默?马可尼在1895年造出了能够远距离传输信号的无线系统。

Plow (6000 BC)

The domestication of animals such as oxen provided mankind with the pulling power needed to develop the first plows. They consisted of a frame holding a vertical wooden stick that was dragged through the topsoil -- and are still used in many parts of the world.

犁(公元前6000年)

驯化牛等动物为人类制造首批耕地用的犁提供了牵引力。犁由一个框架组成,框架上支撑着一根垂直的木棍,通过牛拉犁,木棍就可以划过表层土壤。如今全球很多地区仍在使用。

Paper (105 AD)

Papermaking has traditionally been traced to China about 105 AD and is considered one of the country's four great inventions.

造纸术(公元105年)

造纸术可以追溯到大约公元105年的中国,被认为是中国古代四大发明之一。

Microwave Oven (1945)

The development of the microwave oven was one of those happy accidents. American engineer Percy Spencer was working for Raytheon building magnetrons for radar sets when he noticed that a Mr. Goodbar in his pocket started to melt. Spencer realized it had been the microwaves that had done the trick. The first food he deliberately cooked? Popcorn of course.

微波炉(1945年)

微波炉的发明是最巧妙的一起“事故”。当时,美国工程师珀西?斯宾塞正为雷声公司的雷达装置制造磁控管,他发现口袋中的巧克力受热融化。斯宾塞意识到是微波导致的。那么他有意用微波烹饪的种食物呢?当然就是爆米花。

Microchip (1958)

In their half century of existence, microchips have practically taken over the world -- landing themselves in everything from computers to even humans.

微芯片(1958年)

在问世半个世纪以来,微芯片几乎掌控了全世界,从计算机到人类,几乎随处都可见它的身影

Light Bulb (19th Century)

While Thomas Edison is often mentioned as the inventor of the light, historians Robert Friedel and Paul Israel cite at least 22 earlier inventors. Edison's version (pictured) was able to transcend others because of some key details, including finding an effective incandescent material and being able to achieve a higher vacuum and a high resistance.

电灯泡(19世纪)

人们经常提到,托马斯?爱迪生发明了电灯泡,而历史学家罗伯特?弗里德尔和保罗?伊斯里尔提到了至少22种更早的类似发明。爱迪生的发明版本能够从中胜出是由于一些关键的细节,包括找到了一种有效的发白热光的材料,灯泡内能够达到较高程度的真空和高电阻。

Paper Clip (1867)

According to the Early Office Museum, the first patent for a bent wire paper clip was awarded in the United States to Samuel B. Fay, in 1867. Despite the early patent, Fay's design never really took off; instead the Gem paper clip, which was never patented, took off in Great Britain. It's still the design we use today, producing 18 billion in the US alone.

回形针(1867年)

根据早期办公室博物馆的资料,能弯曲的金属丝回形针的专利最早出现在1867年的美国,发明者是塞缪尔?B?非伊。但尽管他很早就申请了专利,他的设计却从没流传下来。真正流传下来的是从未注册过专利的宝石牌回形针,在英国打开了市场。我们今天使用的回形针仍然是这一样式,仅在美国一国每年的产量就达180亿枚。

Compass (1117)

Before the compass, getting lost was more or less a guarantee. The discovery of Magnetic North allowed man to explore the world. The first incontestable evidence for the use of a compass as a navigational device appeared in Chinese records in 1117. Early compasses were typically constructed by floating magnetized needles in bowls of water.

指南针(1117年)

在指南针发明前,迷失方向是经常发生的事情。磁北的发现让人们可以探索世界。指南针作为导航设备使用的明确证据出现在1117年的中国。早期的指南针是在一碗水中放置一枚浮动的磁化针。

雅思阅读

雅思听力的训练方法

雅思阅读表格填空题型解题5大步骤讲解

英语听力训练方法之-入门

雅思写作高分句型讲解

英语翻译训练方法之直译的误区

易经讲解:万物之盗

雅思写作6分基本结构讲解分析

雅思口语串题方法实例讲解

雅思口语之儿时玩具

《态度》读后感之“跳步骤”600字

雅思阅读训练方法之平行阅读法的步骤讲解(精选7篇)

欢迎下载DOC格式的雅思阅读训练方法之平行阅读法的步骤讲解,但愿能给您带来参考作用!
推荐度: 推荐 推荐 推荐 推荐 推荐
点击下载文档 文档为doc格式
点击下载本文文档