下面是小编给大家带来雅思写作素材之媒体类（共含8篇），一起来阅读吧，希望对您有所帮助。同时，但愿您也能像本文投稿人“夜游玄武湖”一样，积极向本站投稿分享好文章。
雅思写作素材之媒体类为大家带来雅思写作中媒体类话题可以活用的一些观点、思路、短语单词。媒体类话题是雅思写作中的一个中频话题。近来由于媒体跟科技的结合越来越多，一些雅思写作的话题也是既属于科技类，又与媒体类沾边。今天我们就一起来看一看媒体类的写作素材。
雅思写作素材之媒体类
宏观定义点
pros and cons of media 媒体的好与坏
mass media 大众传媒
bring reality to the public 把现实展现在我们的面前
penetrates every corner of our life 渗透到我们生活的每一个角落
educate / entertain people of all age 教育、娱乐各年龄段的人
the perniciouseffect of the media 传媒的有害影响
pornography 色情
big packs of lies 一箩筐谎言
trick the public 欺骗大众
unable to distinguish good from bad 没有辨别是非的能力
rely on powerful communication technologies to spread their messages 依靠强大的通讯技术传播信息
the pros and cons 事物的利与弊 weigh up the pros and cons 权衡利弊得失
penetrate (vt.)渗透，打入(团队、集体等)
try to penetrate new markets 试图打入新市场
pernicious (adj.)(尤指潜移默化的)有害的，恶性的
the pernicious influence of TV violence on children
电视暴力对儿童潜移默化的
媒体的作用
promote connectedness and a new international community that transcends parochial political barriers
促进了人们之间的可联系性，也促进超越狭隘政治障碍的国际社会的发展
saturateglobal cultural reality with formulaic TV shows and mindless advertisements
以程式化的电视节目和毫无思想性可言的广告渗透了全球文化
to a large extend, the global cultural flows of our time are generated and directed by global media empires
在很大程度上，全球媒体帝国生产和指挥着我们这个时代的全球文化流动
the volume and extent of cultural transmissions in the contemporary period have far exceeded those of earlier eras
当代文化传播在数量和程度上都大大超过了以前的各个时期
viewers must fill in the blanks in continuously updated inputs
观众在不断更新的涌入信息的面前必须填补自己未知知识的空白
parochialadj.只关心本地区的，地方观念的
saturate (…with) (v.)使充满、饱和
saturate the market 市场饱和
formulaic (adj.)套话的，公式化的
input (n.)(思想、知识、时间、信息的)投入，输入
一些媒体相关词汇
侵犯隐私 violate on someone’s privacy
新闻界 the press
印刷媒体(如报纸、杂志)the print media
报道新闻的机构 news outlets
电子媒体 the electronic media
时事 current affairs
丑闻 scandals
无处不在 prevalent / ubiquitous / pervasive
媒体炒作 media hype
有误导性的 misleading
诈骗性的 fraudulent
虚假的 false
夸大事实 exaggerate things
不客观的，不公正的 unobjective
如实的报道 factual accounts
可信的 reliable
客观公正的 objective and balanced
信息量大的 informative
娱乐性强的 entertaining
有新闻价值的 newsworthy
监督 scrutiny (n.) / scrutinize (vt.) / monitor (vt.)
揭露 expose / reveal
道德准则 code of ethics / code of conduct
雅思技巧：雅思写作的备考关键点是什么?
1.语法的应用
虽然在雅思考试中，没有独立的语法考试，可是一个考生对语法的掌握却能够在听，说，读，写这四项中反映出来。例如，通过对语法结构的判断，可以轻松应对阅读中的综合填空;具有较强的语法功底，又可以帮助判断听力考试中，是否填对了单词的正确形式;在写作项目中，文章的档次更是由所使用的语法正确与否而直接决定。总而言之，语法是支持IELTS的背后框架，而且IELTS所涉及到的都是那些最基本，最常用的。雅思写作词汇是大家需要积累的，同学们一定要明确一下雅思写作要求。
语法结构包括：动词时态一致、主谓一致、用词准确(名词、动词、形容词);主要避免的是冠词错误和介词错误。
2.句式是否有变化
雅思写作就好像花样滑冰，不同句式的应用就好像运动员的舞蹈动作编排。考官既要考察考生是否应用了各种句式，又要考察句与句之间的连贯性。
例如，在学术写作TASK1中， 对事物在一个区间段内变化趋势的描写，可以采用单个主语的动词连动句式，又可以采用动名词作状语的句式。
例如：After a slight decline, it soared, reaching a peak of 100but reducing to 80.
It rose steadily and reached a high of 100, but declined to 80.
3.使用了一定的词汇量
具备一定的词汇量，指的并不仅仅是考生可以认知多少单词，而是指是否能在不同的语境中和写作要求中运用正确的单词。譬如，Task 1的 Letter和 Report 就需要使用不同语气的单词，写一封求职信和抱怨信也需要使用不同语气的单词。在雅思考试中，考生不需要具备。
特别大的词汇量，但却需要对词汇的理解做到精益求精。
如果考生能够掌握常见单词的近义词的话，对雅思的写作是大有裨益的。尤其是学术考试的Task1, 如果考生能够灵活运用不同动词描述相似的变化， 无疑会给自己增加筹码。
4.拼写没有错误
雅思考试在各种考试中属于比较难的一种。尤其是写作，只有整数分，考生更不应该因为小错误犯的过多而影响了成绩。其实好多拼写上的错误是完全可以避免的，只要考生在写完后检查一遍就可以避免。
可是确实有很多单词是大家都认识，自己拼却拼不对。这种情况是大家的通病。在平时考生应注意积累，养成细致的习惯。或者可以将写好的作文敲入电脑，所有错误的单词都会有红色下划线，WORD还有自动更正功能。
5.主题句的应用
根据外国人的线性思维习惯， 文章的第一段落 应是主题段， 简单介绍了文章的大体思路。而每个段落的第一句又应是主题句，表达了本段的中心思想，其后的每一个观点都应围绕这个中心展开。所有扩展句都紧扣主题。
6.使用了过渡性词语，因而句子之间和段落之间都有逻辑性和条理性
7.在学术类考试的Task2 议论文的写作中， 仅仅有一个观点是不够的， 必须提供足够的细节、例子或论据，一般应在4到5个左右
雅思技巧：雅思写作急需加强的五个方面
1、注意小作文与大作文评分标准中TA与TR的不同。
2、一定不要用模版句了。
3、注意作文中同义词或同义词组的替换。
4、注意句法结构的灵活运用。
5、对于在规定时间内写不完作文的“金粉”，注意加强基本功的训练，熟能生巧，如果上来觉得写作有困难的话可以先抄作文，可以抄写作“机经”中的啊，通过抄写可以明白好多单词或句型等的用法，还可以拓宽思路，但要注意变化哦。
雅思技巧：影响雅思写作分数的七大因素
影响雅思写作分数一、心态
从雅思考试四部分来看，考生一般认为阅读和听力具备大量的解题技巧，只要将这些解题技巧掌握了，提高就会很快。而口语也有一系列的应付方法和考场对策。但是，相对而言，写作却是英语综合能力的体现，考生认为短短几个月的时间内突飞猛进基本不现实，因此对写作抱一种恐慌心态。于是得过且过，认为只要写作将就就行，自己不如把时间多花在听力和阅读上来帮自己“拉分”。持此种观点的中国考生不在少数，造成这样一种情况：大多考生对写作热情不高，把大量时间和精力花在阅读听力的练习上，从而到头来写作总的来说都没练过几次，以至于找不到写作文的一种节奏和感觉。到了考场上，必然会因为发挥不出真实的写作水平导致分数不理想。
影响雅思写作分数二、英语基础薄弱
许多参加雅思考试的考生并非英语专业的学生。另外还有一些高中生出去读本科，本来学得就不多。又或者有一些移民的考生，基本没学过英语。在这种情况下，总的说来，中国考生普遍英语水平比较低，基础比较薄弱。以这样的状态参加雅思考试很难达到雅思要求，尤其写作需要体现使用英语的综合能力。
影响雅思写作分数三、对写作套句和框架和盲从
一些培训机构和市面上的一些雅思写作资料针对雅思写作研究出了一系列的写作中能利用的万能套句和关于整篇文章的万能模板和框架。而这些套句和模板又偏偏受到考生的大力追捧和喜爱，皆因通过套句和模板简化了考生的写作任务，使写作变得相对轻松和容易，但是殊不知这些套句和模板有时候却是致命的。雅思专家认为：首先，套句和模板非常死板不灵活，导致考生观点和句子表达机械，脱节，给人一种别扭的感觉。另外，考官见识过许多所谓的模板文章，对此非常反感，因为模板文章体现的并不是考生的英语能力而是记忆能力。第三，套句和模板大多为一些空洞的语言，不具备实际意义。因此，这样的文章分数必然不会高。
影响雅思写作分数四、思维方式和思维习惯
有学者曾经提出过文化思维对话语模式的影响，认为西方人的思维是直线型，而东方人的思维是螺旋型的。西方人写文章的时候直接表达必定优于间接表达，并且说话人的立场保持一致，不会用无关的信息掩盖真实的观点。因此英语写作一般以直线展开。通常包含四个部分：引出、主题、支撑、结论。
反之，中国人是螺旋式思维，写文章的时候，把思想发上出去了还要收回来，让它落在原来的起点上。这样的圆型思维导致了汉语表达的螺旋式结构，即以反复而又发展的螺旋形式对一种问题加以展开，尽量避免直接切入主题，喜欢用描述性语言进行迂回说明。这样的写作方式是不符合雅思写作要求的。
影响雅思写作分数五、思路狭隘和观点匮乏
雅思题目范围比较广泛，许多考生在面对写作题目时常会遇到知识的盲点，导致无从下笔。另外还有一种情况：有些考生平时懒于思考，未经过论点发散训练，这也导致在考试中因思路不开阔，思考不出足够的论点来支撑文章从而只有将同样的论点换表达方式反复的说。第三，平时对与写作有关的话题阅读不够，缺乏对论点的积累，造成考试当中拿到简单的话题也无点可用。
影响雅思写作分数六、逻辑思维能力不足
雅思写作第二部分要求根据一个大众广泛关注的有争议的话题写一篇议论文。议论文是作者对某个问题或某件事进行分析、评论，表明自己观点、立场、态度、看法和主张的一种文体。非常注重说理的准确性和逻辑性。雅思专家发现中国考生在议论文写作中除了英语表达上的困难和对某些题目内容缺乏了解外，最值得关注的地方便在于论证的逻辑思维能力不足。主要体现在论据对论点支撑时段落的统一性和发散性不够。另外连接词使用混乱，句与句关系不明。这些问题的原因在于考生在以前的英语学习中注重的只是词汇和语法的积累和学习，对于逻辑思维的训练基本为零，因此难以获得雅思写作高分。
More and more people are migrating to cities in search of a better life, but city life can be extremely difficult. Explain some of the difficulties of living in a city. How can governments make urban life better for everyone?
范文：
Cities are often seen as places of opportunity, but there are also some major drawbacks of living in a large metropolis. In my opinion, governments could do much more to improve city life for the average inhabitant.
The main problem for anyone who hopes to migrate to a large city is that the cost of living is likely to be much higher than it is in a small town or village. Inhabitants of cities have to pay higher prices for housing, transport, and even food. Another issue is that urban areas tend to suffer from social problems such as high crime and poverty rates in comparison with rural areas. Furthermore, the air quality in cities is often poor, due to pollution from traffic, and the streets and public transport systems are usually overcrowded. As a result, city life can be unhealthy and stressful.
However, there are various steps that governments could take to tackle these problems. Firstly, they could invest money in the building of affordable or social housing to reduce the cost of living. Secondly, politicians have the power to ban vehicles from city centres and promote the use of cleaner public transport, which would help to reduce both air pollution and traffic congestion. In London, for example, the introduction of a congestion charge for drivers has helped to curb the traffic problem. A third option would be to develop provincial towns and rural areas, by moving industry and jobs to those regions, in order to reduce the pressure on major cities.
In conclusion, governments could certainly implement a range of measures to enhance the quality of life for all city residents.
雅思写作谈谈科技发展的利弊
题目：
people today can perform the everyday tasks as shopping, banking or even business transactions, without meeting others face-to face. What effects will this phenomenon have on individuals and society as a whole?
分析：
题目的大意是指，如今人们购物、银行甚至商业交易都可以通过网络进行，而不需要面对面的交流。这种现象的发生，对于我们个人和社会整体而言有什么影响?其实这个题目与我们日常生活十分相关，如今网上购物、网银交易，甚至是支付水电煤都可以网上进行，这对于我们的生活带来了很大的方便，但是不可否认的是，也会出现一些问题。客观的讨论是必不可少的。
例文分析：
开头段(不少于3+1句) The interactivity of the Internet and the mobile phone has enabled a multitude of people to purchase their desired items or pay their phone bills without stepping out of their offices or homes. And many others can even register for tests or sign contracts online. This sweeping trend of going about everyday business in the virtual world has triggered a marked decline in face-to-face contact between people . Thus it is essential that we identify the implication of this trend on both individuals and society as a whole.
英文里表达“从事”一件事情 go about / conduct /perform 表示影响可以替换的单词:Implication/ repercussions, impact, influence
主体段1(不少于1+6句) The impact of this phenomenon on individuals is profound. First, Individual efficiency in business transaction and banking will be greatly enhanced. And those who dread shopping are spared the chore of browsing around in shops. Secondly, the increasingly sedentary lifestyle will engender a higher incidence of ailment. More overweight people means more patients suffering from cardiovascular diseases such as vein hardening, diabetes and hypertension. Thirdly, the absence of face-to –face contact may induce distrust between business partners. An inherent sense of disbelief is apt to ruin a telecommunicated negotiation when negotiators can only see videos of each other transmitted via the Internet.
表示“提高,增进”,enhance boost 要表示“产生”的意思,后面是好的结果,用bring about 后面是不好的结果用engender 后面是抽象名词比如心理活动,用induce 破坏undermine, jeopardize, endanger, ruin, wreck, havoc on, spoil, devastate
主体段2(不少于1+6句) This trend also has widespread repercussions on society as a whole. In the first place, the burgeoning e-commerce will, doubtless, boost corporate efficiency immeasurably. And higher efficiency means more earnings and less costs for businesses. In the second place, online fraud, be it banking or trading, retail or wholesale is sure to abound in the cyberspace. We must search for practicable and effectual means of curbing it. In the third place, the proliferation of e-commerce may exacerbate man’s overdependence on technology. And that can render our lives unspontaneous and our tempo of life too fast and furious.
让…..进一步恶化aggravate exacerbate worsen
结尾段(不少于2句) In sum, there is no denying that the virtual is exerting influence on our lives in various ways . It is a key that we take advantage of the upside of this trend and in the meantime mitigate its downside as much as possible.
消极的影响 baneful influence/ pernicious influence 积极的影响 beneficial influence/ advantageous influence 深远的影响 profound influence
常用词汇：
尖端的技术 cutting-edged(adj) technology 信息爆炸 information explosion / information overload
信息时代 the information age/ the information era 互联网被广泛使用 the proliferation of the Internet
科技创新及发展 technological innovations/ inventions / advances / progressions(nouns) 提高生产效率 augment/ enhance/ boots(vts) productivity
提高效率 augment / enhance / boost(vts) efficiency 减少人力的机器(计算机发明之前的技术) labor-saving machinery
取代人力的机器 labor-replacing machinery 自动化 automation(noun)/ automated(adj)
生物技术 biotechnology 远程通讯 telecommunications(noun)
克隆cloning(noun) clone(verb) 太空探索(名词) space exploration
人的基因构成 one’s genetic makeup / one’s DNA programming
模板：
In present-day society, Technology is advancing / progressing by leaps and bounds in a host of arenas.在当代，科技在众多的领域高速的发展。
In this day and age, technology is transforming / revolutionizing the way we live, work, learn and play.在当代，科技正彻底地改变我们的生活，工作和学习的方式。
Technology is like a two-edge sword—it has generated boons as well banes to our lives.科技就像一把双刃剑，给我们的生活即带来了好处也带来了坏处。
Progression in …..technology have enabled
us to………….科技的进步使我们可以………
..雅思写作高分范文赏析：社交网络之利弊
一起来看范文具体内容：
雅思大作文范文
As teenagers still seem to make up a huge percentage of social networkers, millions of adults and seniors today are becoming active on social networking sites. In general, I think this trend have exerted desirable impacts on people and society as a whole.
正如随着青少年在社交网络上占了很大比例，如今，数以百万计的成年人和老年人在社交网站上也变得活跃起来。总的来说，我认为这一趋势对人们和整个社会产生了有益的影响。
On social media sites, such as Facebook, Instagram, Twitter and Linkedln etc., users may develop biographical profiles, communicate with friends and strangers, do research, and share thoughts, photos, music, links, and more. Compared with the traditional way of communicating with people face-to-face, they provide rich opportunities for making new friends, especially when someone is looking forward to building up and maintaining connection with others with common interests both personally and professionally. Also, nowadays millions of people of all ages have tried the Internet dating services as a way to possibly find a lifelong partner. Therefore, experience suggests that socializing online is a great way to get acquainted with people that we would never have met otherwise.
在Facebook、Instagram、Twitter和Linkedln等社交媒体网站上，用户可以开发个人简介，与朋友和陌生人交流，进行研究，分享想法、照片、音乐、链接等等。与传统的面对面交流方式相比，他们为结交新朋友提供了丰富的机会，特别是当有人期待与他人建立并保持与他人的联系时，无论是个人的还是职业的。此外，如今，数以百万计的各个年龄段的人都尝试过网络交友服务，以此来寻找终身伴侣。因此，经验表明，在网上进行社交是结识那些我们从未遇到过的人的好方法。
More importantly, socializing online empowers individuals to make social change and do social good on a community even national level. People today have easier access to unveiling social problems and they have become more connected to the society by exchanging opinions with others who share the same concerns in life. This trend increases people's participation in social events, which encourages the government to address issues in various fields.
更重要的是，在线社交使个人能够在一个甚至国家层面上进行社会变革和社会公益。今天的人们更容易接触到社会问题，他们通过与生活中有着相同问题的人交换意见，变得更加与社会联系在一起。这一趋势增加了人们参与社会活动的机会，鼓励政府解决各个领域的问题。
However, online socializing, just like it's offline counterpart, can present some danger and it is important that people understand the safety and privacy protection of any service they choose to use.
然而，线上社交，和离线一样，会带来一些危险，重要的是人们要了解他们选择使用的任何服务的安全性和隐私保护。
In conclusion, I believe that socializing online is helping instead of hindering the life of us.
总之，我相信网上的社交活动有助于我们的生活，而不是阻碍我们的生活。
最新雅思写作语料库:在家教育的利弊
Many parents choose to teach their children at home rather than sending their children to school, do you think the benefits of home schooling outweigh its drawbacks? 很多家长选择让他们的孩子接受家庭教育而非课堂教育，你是否认为家庭教育利大于弊?(新题出现)
【相关题目】
1. Caring for children is probably the most important thing of the society. It is suggested that all mothers and fathers should be required to take the childcare training courses. To what extent do you agree or disagree with the statement? 教育孩子很重要，有人认为，所有的父母都应该学习育儿课程，是否认同?(1月19日)
2. Schools are no longer necessary, because children can get so much information available through Internet, and they can study just as well at home. What extent do you agree or disagree? 学校没有必要了因为，人们可以在互联网获得信息，可以在家里学习，这个观点是否认同?(8月11日)
【头脑风暴】
小学毕业后，郑亚旗即在家接受“私塾式”教育。厌恶大陆教育方式的郑渊洁决定自己培养孩子。爸爸给他编撰了有趣的教材，例如，把中国的刑法的419项罪名编成了419个童话故事。三年之后，郑亚旗学从这所特殊的“学校”毕业了。
郑渊洁还发明了“逆向考试法”，就是儿子学完一个章节后，就这个章节的内容自己编一张考卷来考爸爸。只要儿子能让爸爸考不及格，那儿子就及格了。
童话大王的家庭教育是成功的案例，亚旗18岁的时候已经是精神独立，思想成熟，性格阳光的少年，他也更早地经历了求职和创业。但是，不是每个人都有时间成本和知识储备去教育自己的孩子，因此，家庭教育并不适合大部分的父母。
【立场】 家庭教育有其独有的利好，但是，不适合大部分的父母。
【思路拓展】
◆ 家庭教育(私塾教育)的利好
① 因材施教，量体裁衣，父母最爱孩子，最了解孩子，因此，对于孩子的教育更加耐心和有针对性。
② 增强家庭纽带的很好的方式，父母和子女成为朋友，例如，作家郑渊洁教育孩子，就是成功的案例。
◆ 课堂教育的利好
① 学习效果更好， 对比父母，教育者们专业上训练有素，了解教育的常识，可以总结学科的精华，因此，可助孩子们在学业上更加优秀。
② 学校教育是一种获得群体性的经验成长的重要方式，小组讨论及课堂互动，来自老师的监督和同龄人的压力可以帮助自律性差的孩子们专注于学习。相反，接受家庭教育者，有可能失去学习的兴趣和耐心，在社交方面力不从心，变得孤独或自闭。
【范文赏析】
【首段】背景介绍 + 争议焦点+ 作家立场
Parents are, in most cases, extremely concerned about the growth of their children. When conventional teaching fails some parents, some of them prefer to educate their children at home. People have been pondering, for many years, whether or not home schooling is superior to traditional teaching without reaching any definite consensus. As I see it, as for those home learners, what will be lost is greater than what will be gained.
【解析】
1. fail sb 使某人失望
2. is superior to 优越于
3. What will be lost is greater than what will be gained. 弊大于利
【二段】 家庭教育的利好
Some parents believe that it is more feasible to let their children receive domestic education because they believe this mode of education enables children to grow better both academically and mentally. One of the most glaring merits of family education is that students with diverse abilities can receive the custom-tailored education, which fits for them. After all, parents are most familiar with their children and willing to devote all their hearts to children’s character-training and moral education. Another benefit coming from parenting is that it is a good way to strengthen the family tie. The more time parents spend cultivating their children，the better parent-children relationship will be.
【解析】
1. grow better both academically and mentally 在学术和心智上都更好地成长
2. Students with diverse abilities can receive the custom-tailored education 不同的学生可以接受量体裁衣的教育。
3. devote all their hearts to children’s character-training and moral education 全心投注于专注于孩子们的性格培养和道德教育
4. parenting n父母对于孩子的教育
5. strengthen the family tie 增强家庭联系
【三段】 家庭教育的弊端
Home education, however, might trigger some disadvantages to some extent. Virtually, on no account can we ignore its potential drawbacks. On the downsides, those home learners tend to be socially inadequate due to the lack of group experience. Even worse，one might become introverted or eccentric when he or she is confined to home schooling for a long time. By contrast, traditional classroom education can help youngsters to learn to how to communicate and associate with their peers. Another demerit might be that in comparison with parents, teachers are professionally well-trained, know the common sense of education and can summarize the core of knowledge. In this sense, those who receive traditional education are liable to excel academically.
【解析】
1. tend to be socially inadequate 倾向于变得社交方面力不从心
2. one might become introverted or eccentric 一个人也许会变得内向，性格古怪
3. are professionally well-trained 专业上训练有素
4. know the common sense of education 了解教育的常识
5. can summarize the core of knowledge 可以总结学科的精华
6. are liable to excel academically 可能学习成绩优异
【尾段】 亮明观点 + 总结理由
In closing，my stand is that although home education might have some advantages in some facets, it is not universally suitable for most people. For one thing, educators outshine parents in terms of disseminating knowledge. For another, those who receive home education are more likely to be emotionally underdeveloped in their relations with their peers.
【解析】
1. Educators outshine parents in terms of disseminating knowledge 在传授知识方面，教育者比家长更胜一筹。
2. Those who receive home education are more likely to be emotionally underdeveloped. 接受家庭教育者可能在情感上发育不良。
【经典语料】
1. home schooling = family education = domestic education 家庭教育
2. parenting n父母对于孩子的教育
3. conventional teaching 传统的教育
4. traditional classroom education传统课程教育
5. classroom teaching 课堂教育
6. receive fine home education 接受良好的家庭教育
7. get educated at home 接受家庭教育
8. competitive atmosphere and pressure from peers 竞争的氛围和来自同龄人的压力
9. zero in on study = focus on learning = concentrate on study 专注于学习
10. Family education enhances the flexibility of learning 家庭教育提高了学习的灵活性
雅思写作素材之工作和社会类为大家带来雅思写作中关于工作职业和社会类主题中可以运用的一些句型和观点思路。雅思大作文中，社会类是常考话题之一，这其中又有很多是关于工作，职位，职业生涯和政策等相关的内容。今天我们就一起来看一看。
雅思写作素材之工作和社会类
职业 Occupation
1 在城市工作
1. Cities are the centres of progress and development. Multinational companies also abound in these places.
城市是进步和发展的中心，跨国公司也经常聚集于此。
2. Due to these reasons, cities are able to offer more job opportunities to people.
由于这些原因，城市能够为人们提供更多的工作机会。
3. There are several advantages of working in a great and thriving metropolis.
在兴盛的大城市工作有很多好处。
4. Big corporations provide good training programs to their employees. Some even send chosen individuals to be trained in other countries.
这样的大公司能够为员工提供很好的培训项目，一些公司甚至还将员工派往国外接受培训。
5. To maintain a certain standard of services, companies get the best people from among a pool of applicants.
为了保证服务的标准，公司会从一堆申请人中挑选最合适的人。
6. They only hire those with the best academic standing or most impressive work experiences.
他们只会雇佣那些学术背景最好，工作经历最有吸引力的人。
7. Life in cities is fast-paced, which, may put more stress on an individual.
城市的生活节奏很快，这会给个人带来更多的压力。
8. Cities provide better opportunities in terms of earnings, work benefits, training programs and work experience.
城市的工作在收入，福利，培训项目以及工作经历方面都会有更好的机会。
9. On the other hand, there are also higher job requirements, more competition and more stress.
另一方面，它也同样有更高的工作要求，更大的竞争和更大的压力。
2 天赋与勤奋孰轻孰重
1. There are people blessed with natural talents, whether this ability concerns the sciences, the arts, or other fields of interest.
一些人生来就具备某些天赋，不管是在科学，艺术还是其他领域。
2. This leads some people to think that being blessed with natural talent is the most important factor in achieving success.
这使得一些人认为天赋是获得成功最重要的因素。
3. Individuals with natural capabilities have more advantages over those with no talents.
天赋强的人确实比没有的天赋的人更有优势。
4. If the talented person does not exert any effort to work hard at improving his skills or talents, then these will all be wasted.
如果一个有天赋的人并不努力工作以提高技能，那他的天赋也终会荒废。
5. Mastery of any field of work or art requires hard work.
任何工作领域的熟练掌握都需要努力的工作。
6. An individual should hone his talent to improve it or make it better.
人们应该磨练他们的天赋，以求使它达到更高的水平。
7. To illustrate, a singer who practices everyday and puts his heart to improving his talent, will eventually become more effective and intense.
举例来说，一个歌手每天练习，倾注心血来提高他的天赋，他终将变得更加有效率，技巧也会加强。
8. Hard work allows people to achieve new heights of success.
辛勤的工作使得人们在成功的道路上更创新高。
9. Hard work, coupled with passion and perseverance, will help a person to be more successful and to be recognized.
辛勤的工作，加上热情和毅力，会使人更加成功，也更被人承认。
【雅思写作】职业工作类话题词积累
The increasing use of technology in the workplace has made it easier for young people to find jobs and harder for old people to do so. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
因此对于每个话题的核心词伙，大家还是得积累下噢，实在有必要～今天小编就给大家简单汇总下职业工作类话题词，多多积累才能派上用场。
雄心壮志的、野心勃勃的 ambitious
适应性 adaptability
使自己适应… adapt oneself to …
… 对…不利 be disadvantageous to
人才流动 flow of personnel
适者生存 survival of the fittest
成就感 a sense of accomplishment
潜能 potentiality
对…印象很深 be deeply impressed with …
企业文化 company philosophy
收入颇丰 a fat salary
高收入工作 a well-paid job
和谐的人际关系 a harmonious interpersonal relationship
物质待遇material gains
光明的前途 promising future
出人头地 get advanced in the society
一份体面的工作 a decent job
升迁机会 chance of promotion
稳定感和满足感 stability and satisfaction
使技能可以不断更新 keep skills fresh and up-to-date
培养自己的独立性和坚韧性 cultivate one’s independence and toughness
追求个人发展 seek for personal development
展示才能 display one’s talent
自我实现感 a sense of self-fulfillment
满足某人个性化需求 meet one’s personalized needs
确定自己的角色 define one’s role
社会认可 social recognition
动机 motivation
工作狂 workaholic
工作环境 working environment
加班 work overtime
培养才智 develop one’s talents
理想工作场所 ideal workplace
掌握人际交往技能 master interpersonal skills
雅思技巧：雅思写作如何写的简洁漂亮
如何使雅思写作简洁漂亮?雅思写作练习时，很多考生认为长难句能够提升文章的语言质量并因此获得更高的分数。然而有时一味地追求句子的长度反而会牺牲句子的“可读性”与“句法准确性”。下面我们就来看一些例子，体会一些写得并不成功的长句和如何修改的建议：
建议一：避免空洞的单词和词组
1.一些空洞的单词或词组根本不能为句子带来任何相关的或重要的信息，完全可以被删掉。
比如：When all things are considered, young adults of today live more satisfying lives than those of their parents, in my opinion.
这句话当中的“when all things are considered”和“in my opinion“都显得多余。完全可以去掉。改为：
Young adults of today live more satisfying lives than their parents.
2.有些空洞和繁琐的表达方式可以进行替换。
例如：Due to the fact that our grandparents were under an obligation to help their parents, they did not have the options that young people have at this point in time.
“due to the fact that”就是一个很典型的繁琐的表达方式的例子，可以替换，简化为下面的表达方式：
Because our grandparents were obligated to help their parents, they did not have the options that young people have now.
建议二：避免重复
1.尽量避免重复使用同样的词汇。或者有的时候虽然词汇没有重复，但意思却有重复。这时候可以做一些简化的工作。
例如下面这个例子：The farm my grandfather grew up on was large in size.
large对一个farm来说就是size方面的large，所以in size可以去掉，改为：
The farm my grandfather grew up on was large.
更简洁的表达方式为：
My grandfather grew up on a large farm.
2.有时一个词组可以用一个更简单的单词来替换。
例如：My grandfather has said over and over again that he had to work on his parents' farm.
这里的over and over again就可以改为repeatedly，显得更为简洁：
My grandfather has said repeatedly that he had to work on his parents' farm.
建议三：选择最恰当的语法结构
选择合适的语法结构可以使句子意思的表达更为精确和简练。虽然语法的多样性也很重要，但选择最恰当的语法结构仍然是更为重要的考虑因素。以下原则是在考虑选择何种语法结构时可以参考的原则：
1.一个句子的主语和谓语动词应该能够反映句子中的最重要的意思。
例如：The situation that resulted in my grandfather's not being able to study engineering was that his father needed help on the farm.
从意思上来分析，上面这句话需要表达的重要的概念是“grandfather's not being able to study”，而在表达这个概念时，原句用的主语是situation，谓语动词是was，不能强调需要表达的重点概念，可以改为下面这句话：
My grandfather couldn't study engineering because his father needed help on the farm.
2.避免频繁使用“there be”结构
例如下面的句子：There were 25 cows on the farm that my grandfather had to milk every day. It was hard work for my grandfather.
可以改为：
My grandfather worked hard. He had to milk 25 cows on the farm every day.
更简洁的句式为：
My grandfather worked hard milking 25 cows daily.
3.把从句改为短语或单词。
例如：Dairy cows were raised on the farm, which was located100 kilometers from the nearest university and was in an area that was remote.
简介的表达方式为：
The dairy farm was located in a remote area, 100 kilometers to the nearest university.
4.仅在需要强调宾语而不是主语的时候，才使用被动语态。
例如：In the fall, not only did the cows have to be milked, but also the hay was mowed and stacked by my grandfather's family.
本句不够简洁的原因是本句的重心应该是“忙碌的家庭-my grandfather's family”，而使用了被动语态後，彷佛重心变成了cows和hay。下面的表达方式是主动语态，相对来说更简洁一些：
In the fall, my grandfather's family not only milked the cow but also mowed and stacked the hay.
5.用更为精确的一个动词来代替动词短语。
例如：My grandfather didn't have time to stand around doing nothing with his school friends.
Stand around doing nothing其实可以用一个动词来表达，即loiter:
My grandfather didn't have time to loiter with his school friends.
6.有时两句话的信息经过组合完全可以用一句话来简练地表达。
例如：Profits from the farm were not large. Sometimes they were too small to meet the expenses of running a farm. They were not sufficient to pay for a university degree.
两句话的信息可以合并为下面这句更为简洁的句子：
Profits from the farm were sometimes too small to meet operational expenses, let alone pay for a university degree.
雅思技巧：从雅思写作了解西方文化
了解西方文化，写好雅思作文
近期，参加学生考试的学生反映，雅思在写作和阅读方面难度稍有加大。不过，就语言能力测试本身难度并没有变化，只是关于西方文化背景的知识会给考生带来一些困扰。不过在这个过程中大家也需要不断总结雅思写作核心词汇以及雅思写作技巧。
考生感觉雅思大作文写作难度变大了，比较9月第一次雅思考试的大作文题是“父母应不应该上如何照顾婴儿的课程”，很多学生年纪很小，对这件事情没有概念，所以就觉得难，很难写下去，其实首先要抓住西方考官的口味，回答一定是肯定的，然后再紧扣“父母”、“如何照顾婴儿”、“课程”这几个关键词来写作，可以谈父母学习这个课程对孩子有什么帮助，他们自己会受到什么影响，对周围的人有什么影响等。考生要多了解西方文化背景。
在这个情况下，写作文套模板就更不容易了”。语言能力不过关，语法有问题的学生，更不用想去套模板，越套分数越低，还不如自己写简单句，因为模板上很多复杂的句子，套不好就错。作文5.5分-6分的要求是所写的简单句正确，包括单词、语法、语态等。作文6分-6.5分的要求在前面要求基础上，体现较好的逻辑性，就是因果关系、对比关系、条件关系要衔接好，再能写出3-5个稍复杂的句子。6.5分-7分的要求，在前面的基础上，词汇使用再精准一些。
For some people newspapers will remain the most important source of information while for others, it does not.
对一些人来说，报纸仍然是最重要的信息来源，而对另一些人来说，它不是。
Old people rely on newspapers. Firstly, old people like the actual print in newspapers better than the pulsating fonts on a screen. Easier to read, especially if you need to adjust the distance to your failing eyes. Secondly, old people like to read newspapers with a cup of coffee, not a keyboard, in hand. Old people also like to exchange sections with their husband/wife/lover and say, “Hey, Martha/Fred/Whoever, look at this.” Handing over a computer screen drains the freshly caffeinated moment of its magic. Thirdly, old people are a lot less interested in video and snappy graphics, online editions’ strong point, than youngsters with the attention span of gnats in heat. If old people want to viscerally experience a major news event, they turn on the TV.
老年人依赖报纸。首先，比起屏幕上跳动的字体，老年人更喜欢报纸上真实的字体。更容易阅读，特别是当你需要调整距离，以适应你的失败的眼睛。其次，老年人喜欢手里拿着一杯咖啡看报纸，而不是键盘。老年人也喜欢和他们的丈夫/妻子/爱人交换位置，并说:“嗨，玛莎/弗雷德/随便谁，看看这个。”交出电脑屏幕会让刚喝过咖啡的神奇瞬间瞬间消失殆尽。第三，老年人对视频和漂亮的图片(在线版的强项)的兴趣远不如那些注意力集中在热蚊蚋上的年轻人。如果老年人想发自内心地体验重大新闻事件，他们就会打开电视。
Young people feel differently. To them, speed matters. The truth is even the most frequently published papers are only distributed once per day. This simply means that papers cannot compete on speed, being first with a certain story. Even if one happens to get their hands on a story at the perfect time, a paper still have to be both printed, and distributed to people. This takes hours. What’s worse, morning newspapers brand themselves as dealing with “today’s news”, when in fact it’s the news from yesterday. This hasn’t been a problem before, since there was no faster way to get news. Now there is. If speed is important to one, one can easily subscribe to news via e-mail, Twitter or RSS, and be instantly updated. Let’s keep in mind, speed matters to young people a lot.
年轻人的感觉不一样。对他们来说，速度很重要。事实上，即使是最经常发表的论文每天也只分发一次。这仅仅意味着报纸无法在速度上与其他报纸竞争，因为它们首先拥有的是某个故事。即使一个人碰巧在一个完美的时间得到了一个故事，一份报纸仍然需要印刷，并分发给人们。这需要时间。更糟糕的是，早报标榜自己在处理“今天的新闻”，而实际上是昨天的新闻。这以前不是一个问题，因为没有更快的方式获取新闻。现在有。如果速度对一个人来说很重要，那么他可以很容易地通过电子邮件、Twitter或RSS订阅新闻，并立即得到更新。让我们记住，速度对年轻人来说很重要。
In conclusion, newspapers will play dominating role in old people’s sources of information. Young people tell a different story.
总之，报纸将在老年人的信息来源中发挥主导作用。年轻人讲述着不同的故事。
1月19日雅思A类大作文高分范文 互联网媒体和纸质媒体，哪一个是当今时代的主宰
大作文题目是Although more and more people read news on the internet, newspapers will remain the most important source of news.Do you agree or disagree?互联网媒体和纸质媒体，哪一个是当今时代的主宰一起来看本期范文：
201月19日的雅思大作文话题有关媒体，题目是互联网媒体和纸质媒体，哪一个是当今时代的主宰?Although more and more people read news on the internet, newspapers will remain the most important source of news.Do you agree or disagree?本期范文来自雅思哥。
范文如下：
People have access to their news these days from a wide variety of sourc es, such as the Internet. However, newspapers remain the most time-hon ored medium through which news is delivered to people of all ages through out the country.
现在人们可以从各种各样的来源获取新闻，比如互联网。然而，报纸仍然是最受时间青睐的媒体，通过它，新闻在全国各地向各个年龄段的人传递。
Newspapers is by far still the most important sources of news for severa reasons. A well-rounded paper provides coverage of global and local news.weather forecasts and a whole host of entertainment and sports topics, and it keeps people informed of nearby store openings, sales and job opportuni ties. Among all adults, newspapers are cited as the most relied-upop source. This dependence on newspapers for so many topics sets them apart from all other sources of news.
由于种.种原因，报纸至今仍是最重要的新闻来源。一份全面的报纸报道全球和地方新闻。天气预报和一系列的娱乐和体育话题，它让人们知道附近的商店开业，销售和就业机会。在所有成年人中，报纸被认为是最可靠的来源。如此多的话题都依赖于报纸，这使它们有别于所有其他新闻来源。
Additionally, reading newspaper is a good habit that can provide a great sense of educational value. It carries information about politics, economy.industry, trade and commerce. With this habit, it will not only enhance read er's knowledge about general information but it will likewise improve peo ple's language skills and vocabulary. Many people have habits of reading daily newspapers that their days seem incomplete without taking hold on early morping newspapers.
此外，阅读报纸是一个好习惯，可以提供一个伟大的教育价值感。它携带有关政治、经济的信息。工业、贸易和商业。有了这个习惯，它不仅会增强阅读者对一般信息的了解，而且也会提高人们的语言技能和词汇量。许多人都有看日报的习惯，如果不抓紧时间看一些早一点的报纸，他们的日子就显得不完整。
It is true that newspapers seem less important after digital evolution. Many eople, in particularly the young, tend to upgrade their information on the In tecnet. Evidently, the strength of the Internet comes from aggregating an au dience by offering a wide range of information in a fast speed. But the fact is that people who know the importance of newspapers are still buying anc reading them, and the Internet is more like a supplementary part to newspapers.
的确，报纸在数字革命之后显得不那么重要了。许多人，尤其是年轻人，倾向于在互联网上更新他们的信息。显然，互联网的力量来自于通过快速提供广泛的信息来聚合各种各样的信息。但事实是，知道报纸重要性的人们仍在购买anc阅读报纸，而互联网更像是报纸的一个补充部分。
To conclude, I believe that newspapers are still the most important medium for understanding the world and they can speak at all times and to all classes.
综上所述，我认为报纸仍然是理解世界最重要的媒介，它们可以在任何时候对所有阶层讲话。
年1月19日雅思大作文写作7分范文 纸质媒体和互联网媒体，哪一个才是时代的宠儿
大作文写作真题：纸质媒体和互联网媒体，你认为哪一个是时代的宠儿Although more and more people read news on the internet, newspapers will remain the most important source of news.Do you agree or disagree?范文来自网络：
TASK 2
More and more people are reading news online, but newspapers are still the main source of news for most people. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
题目类型：同意与否
话题：科技媒体类
思路/提纲：
1.现代媒体
自由、免费
多元信息竞争
2.报纸
真实的手拿到信息的感觉
适合老年人及其他特殊人群
范文：
The newspaper is an important source of people’s daily news consumption, even though other media may get the upper hand nowadays such as the multimedia. It is predicted that the printing days are over due to strong competition from television, radio and the Internet. In terms of popularity, newspaper is statistically down but is not emotionally out.
报纸是人民日常新闻消费的重要来源，尽管现在其他媒体如多媒体可能占了上风。据预测，由于来自电视、广播和互联网的激烈竞争，印刷时代已经结束。就受欢迎程度而言，报纸的受欢迎程度在统计上有所下降，但在情感上并没有下降。
Statistically, it can be said that the print news fans are dwindling, which means newspaper readership is getting squeezed by other ways of learning about news. According to research reports on the news industry, local television is the number one source of news for the majority of people, with digital news coming in second, followed by the radio, and then by the newspaper. One possible explanation why the newspaper is being left far behind is that many people do not see the point in buying a print newspaper if they believe they can get all the news they need elsewhere for free.
统计数据显示，纸质新闻的粉丝正在减少，这意味着报纸的读者群正受到其他学习新闻方式的挤压。根据新闻行业的研究报告，对大多数人来说，地方电视是第一新闻来源，其次是数字新闻，其次是广播，然后是报纸。报纸被远远抛在后面的一个可能解释是，许多人认为，如果他们相信自己可以在其他地方免费获得所需的所有新闻，那么购买一份纸质报纸没有意义。
Nevertheless, for emotional reasons print newspapers will continue to exist for a good while. To begin with, the feeling of a warm newspaper right off the press is one of traditional readers’ favorite moments to begin a regular day. Unlike other ways of delivering news, a print newspaper can be physically held in a reader’s hands, and this is a huge pro for print editions. In addition, newspapers can provide opportunities for longer, more in-depth feature articles that tend to be read in full. Instead of becoming a thing of the past, print newspapers are still widely read and preferred by many audiences.
然而，出于情感原因，纸质报纸将继续存在一段时间。首先，感觉一份温暖的报纸刚刚出版是一个传统的读者最喜欢的时刻开始正常的一天。与其他传递新闻的方式不同的是，纸质报纸可以握在读者的手中，这对于印刷版来说是一个巨大的优势。此外，报纸可以提供更长的机会，更深入的特写文章，往往是阅读全文。印刷版报纸非但没有成为过去，反而仍然受到许多读者的广泛阅读和喜爱。
In conclusion, the golden days of print news are gone forever, but nothing is like the feeling of physically holding a newspaper in hands. After all, the different ways of learning about news are not mutually exclusive. Each news media outlet is effective in its own way.
综上所述，纸质新闻的黄金时代已经一去不复返了，但没有什么能比得上手捧报纸的感觉。毕竟，不同的新闻学习方式并不是相互排斥的。每一个新闻媒体都有自己的有效途径。
雅思写作大小作文常见话题总结
Task 1 : ( 图表描述题 )
1. The tables compare the amount of students who study at different levels of education in different countries? ( 比较不同国家的教育水平)
2. Compare people's income and tax in different countries. ( 不同国家人民收入与税金之比较。)
3. Compare the different household tasks and who does them. ( 比较男女在家事上的内容不同及其分担比率。 )
4. Compare the difference between the rates of car theft, insurance costs and number of policemen. ( 比较各国之汽车被偷率 、保险金高低和警察人数多寡之不同。)
5. Describe what kind of jobs people do in relation to their university major . ( 描述毕业生工作职务与大学在校主修之关系。)
6. Describe how water is gathered? ( 试描述水之取得 )
7. Compare the construction of houses and how well they insulate the houses in summer and winter. ( 比较三个房子在冬天.夏天的结构及隔热情形 )
8. The tables compare the amount of students who study at different levels of education in different countries? ( 不同国家之学生修读的教育程度总额之不同,教育水平之比较 )
Task 2 : (申论题 )
1. Most high level jobs are done by men. Should the government encourage a certain percentage of these jobs to be reserved for women?(女性弱势团体工作的保障名额的必要性与否? )
2. Are famous people treated unfairly by the media ? Should they be given more privacy, or is the price of their fame an invasion into their private lives?(公众人物是否得到大众传播媒体的不尊重?他们是否该拥有隐私权,他们隐私权之被侵害是否正是因其名该付出代价?)
3. Should developing countries concentrate on Improving industrial skills or should they promote education first?(发展中国家应致力于发展科技研究或发展人文教育上?)
4. Safety standards are important when building people's homes. Who should be responsible for enforcing strict building codes - the government or the people who build the homes?(住屋之安全标准是极重要的,这是政府还是建筑商(者)之责任?)
5. Does modern technology make life more convenient, or was life better when technology was simpler?(现代科技发展带给我们的生活更高的方便性?还是以前的生活美好?)
6. In your opinion what factors contribute to a good movie?(你认为什么样的因素可造就一部好的电影? )
7. Does modern technology make life more convenient, or was life better when technology was simpler?(现代科技发展结果对我们来说是利或弊)
8. Does travel help to promote understanding and communication between countries?(观光旅行对于国家之间的交流与认试是否有帮助?)
9. If children behave badly ,should their parents accept responsibility and also be punished?(父母应不应该为子女的不良行为负责并受罚?)
10. What should a government do for a country to become successful?(政府应做何德政来使国家走向成功?)
11. Should sports classes be sacrificed in High School so students can concentrate on Academic subjects?(您赞成牺牲中学生的在校运动课程,以转移至主科得课程吗?)
12. Nowadays doctors can become very rich. Maybe they should not focus on profitable activities such as plastic surgery or looking after rich patients and concentrate more on patients health, no matter how rich they are?(医生的第一义务是否(顾虑)应是以救人为主,且不论病人之贫贱,而非以利益为优先之手术及较照顾富有的病人)
13. Will modern technology, such as the internet ever replace the book or the written word as the main source of information?(在信息世界里,现代科技中如计算机网络,是否将会取代书籍及其它书寓式大众传播媒体)
14. Discuss the advantage and disadvantage of giving international Aid to poor countries.(讨论国际救援行动之于贫穷国家的利与弊)
15. Should criminals be punished with lengthy jail terms or re-educated and rehabituated, using community service programs for instance, before being reintroduced to society?(犯罪者应以入狱之行罚处分之,还是以“再教育.再适应的方式”,如社区服务.活动.课程…等,来导引他们再进入社会)
16. Computers can translate all kinds of languages well so our children don't need to learn more languages in the future?(计算机本身已可翻译各种语言,在未来我们的孩子们将可不必学习多国语言?)
雅思写作真题大作文媒体类
1.先来说说犯罪份子该如何表达
criminals 名词，罪犯(值得注意的是，该词有形容词性)。
offenders 名词，罪犯，违法者。
convicts 名词，罪犯，囚徒(前段时间很红的一套书《囚徒健身》，“Convict Conditioning”)。
culprits 名词，犯人。同时，本词可以指的是被指控犯罪的人。
outlaws 名词，罪犯，_。也有动词词性，并且为及物动词，译为宣布某事为不合法。
suspect (criminal suspect)名词，犯罪嫌疑人。其实，在法庭最终宣判之前，我们口中的罪犯多数情况下应该用这个词表达，更为严谨。
prisoner 名词，犯人，囚犯。
juvenile criminals 名词，青少年罪犯。
minor criminals 名词，未成年罪犯。
juvenile delinquent / juvenile offender 名词，少年犯，或行为不端的青少年
值得注意的是，其实在雅思写作犯罪类的话题中，未成年人犯罪往往是常见话题。因此后面几个词汇，需要大家重点掌握。
2.来说说犯罪这件事该如何表达，要注意词性标注
commit a crime (commit crimes) 动宾，犯罪
violate the law / break the law 动宾，犯罪，违法
offend against the law 动宾，违法
violent crimes / non-violent crimes 形容词+名词，暴力犯罪/非暴力犯罪
delinquent behaviors / illegal acts / lawless behaviors形容词+名词，不法的行为
juvenile delinquency 名词，特指青少年的不法行为
illegality 名词，泛指所有违法行为。此外，immorality 名词，指的是不道德的行为，其实近似于违法行为，但是略有区别。同理，副词illegally和immorally也是类似的区别
wrongdoing / misconduct / delinquency 名词，都是指的是行为不端
glorify violence 美化暴力(及物动词glorify的后面通常跟暴力、犯罪、反社会行为等，
常用于网络、电子游戏或媒体类话题)
例句：Frequent exposure to films and video games that glorify violence encourages children to behave aggressively(有攻击性地).
详解：【近义】glorify crime and anti-social behavior (主语是电影、电视节目、电子游戏等)
美化犯罪和反社会行为
【相关】is / are addicted to violent games 对暴力的游戏上瘾(名词短语Internet addiction
和video game addiction 则是分别指网瘾和电玩瘾)
【相关】be exposed to violence or sexual images (主语是人物)接触到暴力或者色情画
面
【反义】control violent content in entertainment media(主语是政府)控制娱乐媒体中的
暴力内容
托福犯罪类话题写作类型
1.先来说说犯罪份子该如何表达
criminals 名词，罪犯(值得注意的是，该词有形容词性)。
offenders 名词，罪犯，违法者。
convicts 名词，罪犯，囚徒(前段时间很红的一套书《囚徒健身》，“Convict Conditioning”)。
culprits 名词，犯人。同时，本词可以指的是被指控犯罪的人。
outlaws 名词，罪犯，_。也有动词词性，并且为及物动词，译为宣布某事为不合法。
suspect (criminal suspect)名词，犯罪嫌疑人。其实，在法庭最终宣判之前，我们口中的罪犯多数情况下应该用这个词表达，更为严谨。
prisoner 名词，犯人，囚犯。
juvenile criminals 名词，青少年罪犯。
minor criminals 名词，未成年罪犯。
juvenile delinquent / juvenile offender 名词，少年犯，或行为不端的青少年
值得注意的是，其实在雅思写作犯罪类的话题中，未成年人犯罪往往是常见话题。因此后面几个词汇，需要大家重点掌握。
2. 来说说犯罪这件事该如何表达，要注意词性标注commit a crime (commit crimes) 动宾，犯罪
violate the law / break the law 动宾，犯罪，违法
offend against the law 动宾，违法
violent crimes / non-violent crimes 形容词+名词，暴力犯罪/非暴力犯罪
delinquent behaviors / illegal acts / lawless behaviors形容词+名词，不法的行为
juvenile delinquency 名词，特指青少年的不法行为
illegality 名词，泛指所有违法行为。此外，immorality 名词，指的是不道德的行为，其实近似于违法行为，但是略有区别。同理，副词illegally和immorally也是类似的区别
wrongdoing / misconduct / delinquency 名词，都是指的是行为不端
请见如下例文：(青少年违法之后应该如何被惩罚永远是雅思考试的常见话题)
There is no denying that everyone should be punished due to his/her illegality, no matter how old he/she is. Notwithstanding, this does not imply that juvenile culprits should be treated as equally as adult prisoners. Juvenile detentions ought to be the place for those minor offenders instead of common jails, and besides juvenile suspects should be on trial in juvenile court where their right can be protected much better.
Juvenile convicts with violent crimes should be detained in juvenile detentions as they might be potential threats to our society, and on the other hand minor culprits with non-violent crimes can be punished with more flexibility such as being forced to do social work.
PS:Juvenile detentions 名词，少管所
juvenile court 名词，未成年人法庭
detain 及物动词，羁押
3.犯罪率的表达方式
Crime rate / incident of crime
如何降低犯罪率，是经常在雅思写作中被讨论的话题。
Unbelievably high juvenile crime rate is plaguing many countries all over the world, and how to reduce it has become prime task for those governments for a long time.
4.rehabilitate criminals / reform criminals 动宾，改造罪犯
Main function of prisons is not only punishing culprits with locking them up but also rehabilitating them as everyone no matter what he/she has done deserves a second chance. 监狱的功能不仅是限制犯人的自由，还要给这些犯人提供一个改过自新的机会。
雅思写作语言素材积累：犯罪类
Sending criminals to prison is not the effective method to deal with them. Education and job training should be used instead. To what extent do you agree or disagree? 将犯罪分子送进监狱不是有效的方式解决犯罪，我们应该给他们提供接受教育和工作培训的机会，是否认同?
11月8日雅思写作题目解析：
1. 周围的环境引起犯罪：贫困;择业难;校园暴力;枪支泛滥等
2. 本性就是坏人：人性本恶，有人天生就是注定犯罪的
薛鹏解析：两种观点讨论;必须支持给出的一方观点。
两种观点讨论布局图：
首段：背景介绍(个性开篇)+争议焦点(淡化模板)+ 作家立场(清晰表达)
二段：正方观点的展开(三点展开，细节例证支持)
三段：反方观点展开(二点展开，他人口吻，细节例证支持)
尾段：再次亮明观点 + (总结理由)
作家观点：支持犯罪是由于贫困和社会环境引起的。
思路拓展：
贫困和社会问题导致犯罪 = 外因引起犯罪：
1. 贫困的家庭孩子没有受到良好教育，不能明辨是非，容易被引入迷途。
2. 科技发展，传媒多元，色情暴力节目的传播，毒害心灵，误导人生观，诱发犯罪冲动。
3. 枪支泛滥，为犯罪提供了便利，例如，在一些西方国家，枪支买卖合法。
人性本恶=内因引起犯罪：
1. 有人认为，人性本恶，嫉妒，贪婪，自私，都是人的固有本质，一旦在后天被激发，没有正确的引导，会导致一些反社会行为的发展。
2. 例如，女性经济犯罪;黑社会大哥的惯性犯罪，报复社会，诅咒和憎恨他们认为不公平的社会。
薛鹏原创范文赏析：
首段：背景介绍 + 争议焦点 + 作家立场
Alarmingly, various stories concerning crimes have been pushing into spotlight. Conflicting ideas clash in finding out the root causes of misdeeds. My stand is that external reasons have a bigger influence on those misconducts. Nobody is born to be a criminal.
薛鹏点评：淡化模板;观点鲜明。
薛鹏解析：
1. various stories 公众新闻报道
2. concerning 关于
3. have been pushing into spotlight …… 成为关注的焦点
4. conflicting ideas clash in …… 矛盾的观点在……方面互相碰撞
解析：clash v碰撞
二段：正方三个观点的展开：
My arguments could be easily explored. One contributing factor triggering manifold malefactions could be owed to the external circumstances in which the one is raised. To put in details, in some poverty-stricken or violent families, children are usually not properly taken care of and they stand few chances of receiving fine education, it is likely that such children may easily be led astray and even worse, they may conduct some anti-social offences. Still, pornographic or otherwise vulgar forms of media, have a really adverse impact on the young because the young can, in most cases, find it rather difficult to make positive choices about the types of influences in their lives, thus，it is possible for them to turn to a life of crime. Last, many perilous products that could be harnessed commit crimes are very easily and cheaply available to the youths. In fact, guns are sold in a number of stores in some countries. This fact alone makes it very easy for some people to embark on the criminal road.
三段：反方二个观点的展开
Granted, some people might remain suspicious of my stand and believe that those perpetrators are born to be evil. Some people argue that habitual malefaction is the main root cause of high crime rate. As for those felons such as gangsters boss or professional blackguards, to break the law is to take revenge on the society which they think unfair. Besides, some people contend that such is human nature to be greedy, selfish and jealous, which accounts for many types of crimes. It is also found that some women commit economic crimes simply because they are more vain and avaricious than others.
薛鹏解析：
1. habitual malefaction 惯性犯罪
2. felons 重罪人
3. gangsters boss or professional blackguards 黑帮大哥和职业流氓
4. take revenge on the society which they think unfair 报复认为不公平的社会
5. vain and avaricious 虚荣的贪婪的
尾段：再次亮明观点 + 总结理由
In a nutshell, I re-affirm my stand that different crimes could be combination of various elements, however, in comparison with evil nature, external factors actually play a profound influence in leading some immature or inexperienced people to go astray.
薛鹏全文点评：本文依然保持小鹏哥原创范文的高质量，符合雅思写作评分各项标准，建议背诵精彩词汇句法。
类似提问角度：
The position of women in society has changed markedly in the last twenty years. Many of the problems young people experience, such as juvenile delinquency, arise from the fact that many married women now work and are not at home to care for their children. To what extent do you agree or disagree with the opinion? 有人认为：父母工作，无暇照顾孩子，导致少年发展，是否同意?
薛鹏原创语料库：
1. juvenile crime = adolescent crime青少年犯罪
2. teenage crime = juvenile delinquency青少年犯罪
3. young offenders = teenage criminals = young law-breakers 少年犯
4. embark on the criminal road 走上犯罪道路
5. turn to a life of crime 开始罪恶的人生
6. conduct some anti-social offenses 做出反社会行为
7. commit crime = violate the law 犯罪
8. domestic violence = family violence家庭暴力
9. pornographic or bloody contents色情的血腥的内容
解析：porno (色情)+ graph(记录)+ic (…… 的) = pornographic 色情的
10. blindly model after sth 盲目效仿
11. to be led astray被引入歧途
12. Some criminalities can be owed to the disadvantaged family background such as poverty, violence or parental divorce. 不良的家庭成长环境，例如贫困，暴力和父母离异。
13. According to the statistics, the rate of youth crime is in proportion to that of divorce rate. 少年犯罪率和离婚率成正比。
解析：is in proportion to 成正比
14. An environment of poverty, violence and fear. Such a growing environment often results in low self-esteem and other growth-related concerns. 较低的自尊心和一些成长相关的问题。
解析：self-esteem 自尊
15. It is also found that some women commit economic crimes simply because they are more vain and avaricious than others. 人们发现，有些女性进行经济犯罪，仅仅是因为她们比其他人更加的虚荣和贪婪而已。
【政府类】
Some people believe that the healthcare should be free for everyone，while others say that people should pay for their own health care. Discuss both sides and give your opinion 有人认为健康医疗对于每一个公民应该免费，有人认为个人应该承担医疗费用，讨论两种观点，给出你的意见。
【老师预测——原题压中，见前预测】
【政府类】
Some people say that the government should pay for the health care and education of its citizens, but other people say that it is not the government’s responsibility. Discuss the two opinions and give your views. 有人认为政府应该给公民的教育和医疗买单，有人认为这不是政府的责任，讨论两种观点，说明你的立场?
【作家立场】我认为，享受免费的医疗是公民的一项基本权利。同时，政府应该合理地分配医疗预算。
【思路拓展】
〖政府给医疗买单的理由〗
① 公民是纳税人，有享受免费医疗的权利。政府是人民利益的代表，普及免费医疗可以还利于民。
② 政府的医疗上的援助可以使得很多患病的，同时来自贫困家庭的人得到及时的治疗，这有助于提高政府的威信，以及增强民众的民族自豪感。
③ 普及免费医疗可以公民的健康指数，因此提高国民的基本素质，增强一个国家在国际舞台的竞争力。
〖反对政府给医疗买单的理由〗
① 政府的财政有限，但是，要解决的民生问题是无穷的，完全普及免费医疗会无疑增加政府的财政压力。
② 对比普及免费的医疗，政府还要解决更重要的民生问题，例如改善环境，加强基础设施建设，普及教育，这些更加需要政府经济援助。
【范文赏析】
【首段】 背景介绍 + 作家立场
The government, as a decision-maker, is the representative of citizen’s basic interests. Hence, every governmental policy willsurely exert a profound influence on the further prosperity of the nation. From my perspective，people have a basic right to free heath-care as a necessary condition of a proper human life. However，properly allocate the medical budget should be advocated.
【二段】正方观点的展开
Virtually，every individual could become beneficiaries of a perfect health-care resources. First, as honorable tax-payer, every citizen has been making his or her unique contribution to the nation. Thereby, to spend money on free healthcare should be considered as a returned favor. Also, as for those who are living under the poverty line and suffering from the agonies of various diseases, they might even fail to afford a small proportion of their medical care expenses. Therefore, the government should be urged to sponsor those who are in need of medical help. Imaginably, it could stabilize the society and enhance the government’s prestige. Eventually, to provide citizens with free medical care could, to a large extent, promote citizens’ health index and thusimprove the basic quality of a nation’s population.
【三段】反方观点的展开
Others, however, might think differently. First, some opponents argue that ever-rising heath costs were matched against static or declining resources. In this sense, excessive investment medical treatment will inevitably impose much pressure upon a government economically. Another argument hold by some people is that the government has more pressing social problems that need to render more concerns over. In other words, to popularize free education, perfect the construction of the infrastructure or safeguard the environment still needs governmental support.
【尾段】再次亮明观点
In closing, my stand is that health-care should be considered as one of the fundamental social welfare. Therefore, it is the unshakable obligation to every government to ensure that adequate healthcare is provided out of public purse.
【经典语料】
1. medical treatment = healthcare = medical care 医疗
2. spend money on = make investment in = allocate financial budget to sth 投资于……
3. surely exert a profound influence on 对于……产生深远的影响
4. From my perspective， people have a basic right to free heath-care as a necessary condition of a proper human life. 我认为，享受免费的医疗是公民的一项基本权利。
5. properly allocate the medical budget should be advocated 合理分配医疗预算应该被提倡
6. to spend money on free healthcare should be considered as a returned favor. 普及免费医疗是还利于民
7. Therefore, the government should be urged to do sth 政府理应做……
8. Virtually，every individual could become beneficiaries of a sound healthcare. 实际上，任何人都可以成为完备医疗的受益者。
9. stabilize the society and enhance the government’s prestige 稳定社会，提高政府的威信力
10. promote citizens’ health index and thus improve the basic quality of a nation’s population 提高公民健康指数，因此提高一个国家公民的基本素质
11. health-care should be considered as one of the fundamental social welfare 医疗应该被当作是一项基本的社会福利
12. enable those who suffering from various illnesses to receive fine therapy 使患者接受良好的治疗
13. ever-rising heath costs were matched against static or declining resources. 日益增加的健康费用和有限的下降的资源是矛盾
14. impose much pressure on the government economically 给政府增加了经济压力
15. the government has more pressing social problems that need to render more concerns over 政府有有更紧迫社会问题要优先考虑
16. popularize free education and perfect the construction of the infrastructure普及免费的教育和完善基础设施
17. Therefore, it is the unshakable obligation to every government to ensure that……因此，政府保障……是其不可推卸的责任
18. adequate healthcare is provided out of public purse 由公共财政预算提供充足的医疗
雅思大作文范文：政府是否应该限制极限运动
【政府类】
Some people think the government should ban dangerous sports and some others think it is a freedom to choose the activities we want to. Discuss both view and give your opinion. 有人认为政府应该限制危险性的运动，有人认为人人有权利选择自己喜爱的运动。讨论两种观点，给出你的意见。(2011年7月30日 = 2014年8月9日)
【头脑风暴导言】
通常，令我们敬重和欣赏之人皆有共性：第一，他们做了我们渴望做，但是，却未敢尝试的事情。第二，他们成功地做成了我们尝试未果的事情。深海潜水，让人探究神秘的海底世界;勇攀高峰，让人体味一览众山小的豪情;海上帆板，让人感受劈风斩浪的激情。探索未知是人之本性，挑战自我是人之追求。完善自我保护，加强专业训练，若如此，人人都应尝试一些极限运动。
【作家立场】 人生没有冒险就不能称其为人生(支持极限运动)。
【文章布局】：
首段：背景介绍 + 作家立场
二段：正方观点的展开(我的口吻谈及极限运动的利好)
三段：反方观点的展开(我的口吻谈及极限运动的弊端)
尾段：再次亮明观点 + 提出建议
【老师语料库】
① 极限运动危险运动的类型：
1. bungee jumping n蹦极
2. paragliding n跳伞
3. surfing n海上冲浪
4. scuba-diving = deep sea diving n 深海潜水
5. rock climbing n攀岩
② 极限运动之多元表达：
1. run the risk of doing sth v冒险做……
2. dangerous sports activities n危险性体育运动
3. challenging sports events n充满挑战性的竞技体育
4. extreme adventures n极限运动
5. extreme sports n极限运动
③ 支持极限运动：
1. forge one’s fortitude v铸造人的坚韧性
2. chasten one’s tenacity v 磨练人的顽强
3. foster one’s frustration toleration v培养人的挫折忍受能力
4. If they are banned，then many sports would go underground. 如果被限制，很多体育项目会消失。
5. surpass oneself v 超越自我
④ 反对极限运动：
1. suffer from injuries or even deaths v 遭遇伤害甚至死亡
2. become an excuse for violence v成为暴力的借口
⑤ 作家立场：
1. Greater attempts should be made to prevent accidents or injuries v 我们应该做出努力预防以外事故和伤害
2. ensure sports are challenging, exciting and amusing v 确保运动是充满挑战，令人兴奋，使人愉快的。
【原创范文】：
{首段｝：背景介绍 + 作家立场
Such is human nature to explore the unknown. A trend is that numerous people are keen on embarking on challenging sports events such as mountain biking, rock climbing or scuba diving , especially among those dynamic young adults. My stand is that we should pursue excitement and sense of refreshment in the dull routine daily life. After all, life without risk is no life at all.
【解析】：Life without risk is no life at all 人生没有冒险就不能称其为人生。
{二段｝：正方观点的展开：
Granted, many virtues could be gained via undertaking those risky sports activities. Primarily, the extreme adventures can be taken as an effective way to help players relieve their pressure and vent their negative emotions, for the occupied modern life often deprives one’s right of seeking relaxation. The popularity of bungee jumping accounts for risky sports’ significant function in terms of reducing stress. Imaginably, one’s working efficiency could be highly enhanced after doing his or her favorite sports events. Moreover, not only can the extreme adventures exert wholesome impacts , but it also could foster one’s skills, chasten one’s tenacity and forge one’s frustration toleration. Some extreme adventures, such as rock climbing and surfing, requires high techniques or much stamina . Ultimately, the extreme adventures could be developed into tempting tourism items, which could generate immense economic value.
【解析】：
1.The extreme adventures can be taken as an effective way to help players relieve their pressure and vent their negative emotions. 极限运动是一种很好的方式去帮助运动者缓解压力，释放不良情绪。
2. It also could foster one’s skills, chasten one’s tenacity and forge one’s frustration toleration. 极限运动同意可以培养人的技能，磨练人的坚韧，铸造人的挫折忍受能力。
{三段｝：反方观点的展开：
Nonetheless, problems invariably ensue. One possible downside is that some perilous sports activities might become the roots of injuries and agonies. There exist high levels of injuries, which sometimes disables players and even ruins their lives. Another adverse aspect is that some intense extreme sports are merely an excuse for violence. To illustrate, boxing involves excessive violence and bloody contents so that it adversely influences adolescent Television viewers, namely, it might arouse their sadistic impulses.
【解析】：
1. Some intense extreme sports are merely an excuse for violence. 一些极限运动也许会成为暴力的借口。
2. It might arouse their sadistic impulses. 极限运动也许会诱发一个人施虐的冲动。
{尾段｝：再次亮明观点 + 提出建议
Personally, I encourage the extreme adventures, for it symbolizes freedom, so it is citizens’ elementary right to opt for his or her favorite sports activities. Attempts should be made to ensure risky sports events are thrilling, amusing and profit-making, however, to prevent accidents and injuries is highly recommended(328)
【解析】：
Attempts should be made to ensure risky sports events are thrilling, amusing and profit-making. 我们应该做出努力去保证极限运动是刺激的、有趣的、盈利的。
雅思大作文范文：政府是否应征收高峰期通行费
【政府类】政府是否应征收高峰期通行费
In some cities, the government has tried to reduce traffic. For instance, they imposed a congestion tax during rush hour. Do you think this development is positive or negative? 在一些城市，政府试图缓解交通压力，例如，征收高峰期通行费，你认为有力还是有弊?(2016年1月30日)
【考情点评】本场考试雅思选取托福题库，该题在托福考试中连续两年考察。
Drivers should pay a certain amount of fees so that they can be permitted to drive out in traffic busy time. Do you agree or disagree the statement? (2008年7月12日 = 2007年1月14日)
【头脑风暴】新加坡在1975年引入了交通阻碍费，随后，很多国家也效仿其做法。统计显示：此类费用可使交通量减少10%—20%，同时，可以将车流速度提高20%。
【作家立场】 我支持司机们应当支付一定的费用，取得“城市高峰通行许可证”，才能在高峰期间上路。
【思路拓展】
司机付费的利好：
① 这种做法可以有效地缓解交通拥堵的压力，同时，这可以有效地缓解空气污染和噪音污染。
② 这种做法可以节省职场人士上下班的交通时间。
司机付费的弊端：
① 即使是每天付少量费用，也会增加司机经济的压力，但是，我想反驳的是：等候的时间的油料消耗可能比支付的交通通行费更高。
【范文赏析】
【首段】背景介绍 + 作家立场
Going through the rush hours is a tiresome business. The prevalence of various public transport has led to severe traffic congestion，especially during the rush hours. Being stuck in the long queues of vehicles seems to be a big headache for many city dwellers. Personally speaking, it is about time governments adopted effective measures, drivers should be charged when they need to drive out in a heavy traffic, which will exert a really positive impact on reducing the serious traffic conditions.
【二段】 第一次支持作家立场
For a start, paying some permission fees could decrease the incidence of going through the busy traffic. To be more specific, some drivers would be unwilling to drive their cars in order to save money when they have no urgent things. Hence，this will mitigate the pressure of heavy traffic congestion. Further, the decreasing number of cars will also purify the air and reduce the noise. As a result, the living quality of the whole city will be greatly optimized, citizens will enjoy a cleaner environment.
【三段】 第二次支持作家立场
This debate reminds me of my own city. Our city government has fewer policies in terms of tackling the pressure of traffic congestion, which negatively influences people’s normal work. The large amount of release of exhaust gas has deteriorated the environment. Even worse, long time wait will ruin the drivers’ moods. Consequently, some people might fail to happily perform their working tasks when they arrive at the workplace. By contrast, the fee from drivers increases the governmental income so that more financial budget could be allocated to perfecting the traffic conditions. Specifically, the government could build more over-bridges to reduce the pressure of traffic jam.
【四段】 让步向司机收费的弊端 + 加以反驳
Granted, I have to concede that this policy might impose much pressure upon the drivers economically. If they pay even limited amount of money every day, then there will be large sums of money as a whole. What I want to rebut, however, is that in time of a traffic jam, the oil consumption is much more than that of driving a slowly moving car. The cost of gasoline may be even expensive than the counterpart people pay for driving permission.
【尾段】 再次亮明观点
In closing, I re-affirm my conviction that it is worthwhile to ask for driving permission fees when the traffic is busy.
【经典语料】
1. is a tiresome business 是一件很让人心烦的事情
2. the prevalence of various public transport 各种公共交通工具的普及
3. serious traffic congestion = severe traffic jam = a heavy traffic 严重的交通拥堵
4. driving permission 交通通行费
5. should be charged 应该被收费
6. the rush hours 上下班的高峰期
7. drive through 乘车穿过
8. impose much pressure upon the drivers economically 增加了司机的经济压力
9. exert a really positive impact on 对于……施加利好的影响
10. decrease the incidence of 减少……发生的机率
11. mitigate the pressure of heavy traffic congestion 缓解交通拥堵的压力
12. release of exhaust gas 废气的释放
13. ruin the drivers’ moods 使司机的心情变坏
14. Charging traffic jam fees will definitely help ease the pressure of heavy traffic. 收取交通阻碍费一定可以帮助缓解交通的压力。
15. During the busy traffic time，it is a wise attempt to encourage drivers to pay a certain amount of fees to perfect current traffic conditions. 为改善当前的交通状况，在交通高峰时段，向司机收取一定的费用是明智的尝试。
雅思大作文范文：公民纳税
公民纳税：
Someone believes that a tax-payer has done his part as a citizen. However, someone believes that a citizen should assume other responsibilities. Discuss both views and present your opinion. 有人认为纳税者就已经尽到了公民责任，有认为认为公民应该承担其他责任，讨论两种观点?(2010年10月30日)
老师思路拓展：
支持公民纳税：
1. 公民纳税是自我价值的实现以及对社会的贡献。
2. 更多的财政预算可以用来提供给公民更好的社会福利，例如，推广免费的教育和医疗，以及加强基础设施的建设。
支持公民的其他责任：
1. 在必要时候去服兵役以保卫祖国，体现的是一个人的爱国情怀。
2. 遵纪守法
3. 良好的环保意识，保护环境人人有责。
老师原创语料库：
1. good citizens = highly qualified citizens = excellent citizens = well-behaved citizens n 好公民
2. honorable tax-payer n光荣的纳税人
3. increase governmental income v 增加政府收入
4. multiply the governmental revenue增加政府税收
5. …… is the embodiment of the realization of self-value and the donation to the community …… 是自我价值的实现以及对社会的贡献
6. It is the unshakable / compelling / compulsory duty of every citizen to pay taxes纳税是每个公民不可推卸的义务。
7. More financial budget could be allocated to provide citizens with more beneficial social welfare such as popularizing free education and medical treatment or strengthening the constructions of infrastructure. 更多的财政预算可以用来提供给公民更好的社会福利，例如，推广免费的教育和医疗，以及加强基础设施的建设。
8. have other indispensable responsibilities to play v 还有其他不可推卸的责任
9. serve other more far-reaching social functions 履行其他的意义深远的社会职能。
10. strengthen /intensify / reinforce one’s environmental protection awareness v 加强环保意识
11. reinforce one’s law-abiding / lawful awareness v 加强守法意识
12. patriotism n.爱国心，爱国精神
13. embark on military service to safeguard one’s motherland when necessary v 在必要时候去服兵役以保卫祖国
14. abide by the law = observe the law v 守法
15. Ideal citizens should both perfectly act as the role of tax-payers and willingly serve other more profound social functions such as undertaking military service, strengthening one’s lawful and eco-friendly awareness. 理想的社会公民不仅仅是光荣的纳税者，还应该履行其他社会职能，例如服兵役，加强环保和守法意识。
★ 雅思写作社会类
★ 雅思写作素材名言
★ 媒体写作个人简历
★ 新媒体写作
