GRE写作高分备考策略

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小编在这里给大家带来GRE写作高分备考策略(共含6篇),希望大家喜欢!同时,但愿您也能像本文投稿人“胡萝卜胡”一样,积极向本站投稿分享好文章。

GRE写作高分备考策略

篇1:GRE写作高分备考策略

必须多修改,如果不勤修改自己的文章,就不知道自己原来的漏洞和不足在哪。闷头写只能导致lose the stake! 当认真学习一段时间写作之后,再回头改第一篇习作,肯定会发现自己很多毛病,这说明:你在进步!

GRE写作高分备考策略:从别人的GRE作文上吸取经验

必须学习别人的文章,不管是高分满分作文,还是平时练手之作,都是非常宝贵的学习,参考资料,看到别人的文章和写作思路,是提高自己水平的有效途径。建议大家看看各类写作内容,真的会受益匪浅。

GRE写作高分备考策略:多思考多动脑

必须多思考,多写不如多改,多改不如多想,当然这种想不是fantasy或者daydream。而是针对写作思路和自我总结。总结越多考试就越顺手。

GRE写作高分备考策略:拿下全部GRE作文题库

必须看GRE的全部题库,不要抱侥幸心理,在考试之前找到文章中出现的逻辑错误,远比在30min中为它而浪费时间值得的多。

GRE写作高分备考策略:与朋友同学进行交流

必须多交流,听听大家的意见,有益无害。收集不同人对于某些ISSUE的观点和看法,转化成自己的东西,本身也是一种对素材的储备过程。

GRE写作高分备考策略:准备出自己的GRE作文例子

必须要有自己的例子。没有哪个考官会喜欢几百号人都说Van Gogh, Einstein, Curie。要结合自身经历,准备一些比较独家又有代表性的例子。

GRE分类词汇记忆

7.1.1 清晰

clarion adj. 声音高而清晰的;n. 尖音小号声;尖音小号

clarity n. 清楚

conclusive adj. 确凿的,消除怀疑的;最后的,结论的

defined adj. 清晰的;定义的

definite adj. 清楚的,明确的

definition n. (轮廓等)清晰;定义

definitive adj. 明确的,有权威的

discernible adj. 可识别的,依稀可辨的

distinct adj. 清楚的,明显的

explicit adj. 清楚明确的

expressly adv. 清楚地;特意地 (express v. 表达;adj. 特别的)

intelligible adj. 清晰的,可了解的 (intelligence n. 智力,智慧)

lucid adj. 表达清楚的,明白易懂的 (lucidity n. 清晰,明白)

pellucid adj. 清晰的,清澈的

perspicuity n. 明晰;聪明睿智

perspicuous adj. 明晰的;明了的

plain adj. 清楚的;简单的;n.平原

vivid adj. 清晰的,鲜艳的;大胆的,活泼的,逼真的

appreciable adj. 明显的

blatant adj. 显眼的;厚颜无耻的;炫耀的

conspicuous adj. 显而易见的,显著的

dominant adj. 显性的,优势的

manifest adj. 显然的;n. 旅客名单,载货清单

marked adj. 明显的;被监视的

notable adj. 明显的,出众的,重要的

notability n. 著名,显著

obvious adj. 明显的,显而易见的

palpable adj. 明显的,可触知的 (palpate v. 用手触摸)

patent adj. 显而易见的;n. 专利权(证书) (patency n. 明显)

pronounced adj. 明显的,(观点等)强硬的

splashy adj. 炫耀显眼的;溅水的

striking adj. 明显的,引人注目的

univocal adj. 意思明确的

clarify v. 澄清 (clarification n. 解释,澄清)

demystify v. 弄清楚

disentangle v. 澄清,解决,解脱,解开

externalize v. 使…表面化

GRE分类词汇记忆:有毒

6.8.4 有毒

deleterious adj. 有毒的,(对身心)有害的

noxious adj. 有毒的,有害的

poisonous adj. 有毒的;有害的

toxic adj. 有毒的,中毒的 (toxicity n. 毒性)

toxin n. 毒素,毒质

venom n. 毒液;恶毒,痛恨

virulent adj. 剧毒的;恶毒的

GRE分类词汇记忆:异常

6.9.2 异常

aberrant adj. 异常的;越轨的 (aberrance n. 越轨)

aberration n. 离开正路,脱离常轨;变形

anomalous adj. 反常的;不规则的

anomaly n. 异常,反常

arrhythmic adj. 不规则的;无节奏的

deviant adj. 越出常规的 (deviance n. 反常的行为或倾向)

deviate v. 越轨,脱离

deviation n. 背离

eccentric adj. 反常的,古怪的;n. 古怪的人

freak adj. 反常的;n. 怪物,奇事

offbeat adj. 不规则的,不平常的

phenomenal adj. 非凡的,显著的 (phenomenon n. 现象,奇迹)

preternatural adj. 异常的;超自然的

unwonted adj. 不寻常的,不习惯的

antic adj. 古怪的

bizarre adj. 奇异的,古怪的

cranky adj. 怪癖的,任性的;不稳的

droll adj. 古怪的,好笑的

eccentric adj. 古怪的,反常的;n. 古怪的人

erratic adj. 古怪的;反复无常的

exotic adj. 珍奇的;来自异国的

grotesque adj. (外形或方式)怪诞的,古怪的

heretical adj. 异端邪说的

heresy n. 异端邪说

heterodox adj. 异端的,非正统的

heterogeneous adj. 异类的,不同的

marvel v. 对…感到惊异;n. 奇迹

misshapen adj. 奇形怪状的,畸形的

outlandish adj. 古怪的

quaint adj. 离奇有趣的

queer adj. 奇怪的,疯狂的

unearthly adj. 奇异的

vagary n. 奇想,异想天开

weird adj. 古怪的,荒.唐的

whim n. 怪念头,多变

whimsical adj. 古怪的,异想天开的

whimsy n. 古怪,异想天开

apparition n. 神奇的现象;幽灵

marvel n. 奇迹;v. 对…感到惊异

miracle n. 奇事,奇迹

miraculous adj. 奇迹的,不可思议的

mystic adj. 不可思议的,神秘的;n. 神秘主义者

prodigy n. 奇事;奇才

quirk n. 奇事;怪癖

absurd adj. 荒谬的,可笑的 (absurdity n. 荒谬)

farce n. 荒谬胡闹;闹剧

footle v. 胡闹;浪费(时间)

lurid adj. 骇人听闻的;耀眼的

pathological adj. 病态的;病理的

preposterous adj. 荒谬的

篇2:gre考试写作高分策略

gre考试写作高分策略分享

你需要一个gre写作策略

为什么很多考生在gre写作考试中会出现重复的问题?主要原因如下:

一。gre考试词汇储备不足

这是虚词单调的最常见原因。考生词汇量小,没有专门的文字训练和背诵,范文数量不够。没有足够的准备,他写不出各种各样的字,事实就是这样。

2.缺乏词汇掌握

作为一名合格的GRE考生,背诵大量单词是必要的。然而,在记忆单词的要求上也存在一些问题。很多人对GRE词汇背诵的要求只是相互熟悉,能够理解或大致理解词义,而很少有考生去了解句子中词汇的具体用法。这也使得考生知道了很多单词,看了大量的词汇,但当他们真正使用它们时,他们只能使用那些旧单词。

三。缺乏实践经验

一些考生可能已经意识到了背单词和掌握一些生词使用方法的重要性。然而,由于缺乏实践或无人帮助批改和复习,gre写作方法,gre写作怎么练他们不敢在实际写作中使用这些词。他们觉得自己不确定,害怕误用所以经过一轮之后,他们只能沿着一条稳定的道路,反复使用老字眼。

避免重复用词扣分

现在我们知道了重复问题的原因,相应的解决方案非常清楚。候选人需要做两件事:

一。特殊记忆写作词汇

首先,如果缺乏词汇,那么我们应该开始有意识地积累一些词汇,特别是专门用于写作的词汇。编辑建议考生可以参考GRE作文高分模式官方或权威出版物或黄金材料,从中收集一些用字不多但在模式中使用频率高的词汇,这些词汇不仅适合写作,而且可以带来高分,具有很高的实用价值。你可以在这方面积累更多的文字来代替写作和自己的习惯,这样会起到很好的效果,丰富文章的呈现形式。

2.积累更多经验

其次,如果考生害怕用生词制造问题,那么我们需要做的就是多练习。我们不必做一个完整的写作练习,我们可以专注于练习词汇替换,找到一些我们已经写过的文章,并用相同意思的词替换它们如果对词汇的使用不确定,可以通过QQ群论坛等方式查字典找例句或一般句子,帮助他人确定其使用方法,充分掌握词汇的正确使用方法,这样自然可以保证在考试中大胆使用生词,提高构词质量。

GRE作文范文:事物不会一成不变

Most people often look for similarities, even between very different things, and even when it it is unhelpful or harmful to do so. Instead, a thing should be considered on its own terms: we should avoid the tendency to compare it to something else.

GRE作文范文参考:

In the age of accelerating changes, the eagerness to understand things in an effective and equally efficient way is more than ever. Although all kinds of complex techniques, skills and equipments helpful for understanding and studying the objects are easily accessible to people, the basic strategies stay the same as before: one is starting from similarities and the other from distinction. From my personal point of view, only by using the two in proper proportion and order can one achieve his/her goal to understand a thing.

Looking for similarities is a proper starting point. When we first meet something new,we need to clarify its basic attributes, finding similarites with other familiar things and classify it according to those attributes. Classification according to similaties is of great assistance to provide us with an outline, basic knowledge which we can base further investigation upon. Although things in contemporary age represent themselves in various forms and styles, similarities exist in any pair as long as certain perspective can be found. For instance, Bookcase and window are so different that at first glance, one

may not be able to find the similarities, or even such an effort seems to be meaningless. Yet, they are both part of a house, something that must be taken into consideration when decorating or refurnishing the house. Such a comparison would be helpful for us to realize that “buy” and “sell” are two basic operation we can have upon window even though we have no idea what window is made of, how it is produced or what its function is.What’s more, looking for similarities not only refer to the object itself, but the relationship with others. Similar relationships helps people understand things in groups or pairs using the strategy: analogy. Analogy is especially useful when the charactertistics of a relationship rather than the objects themselves are the focus of understanding and when similar relationships are known and objects unknown. For example, if told that the relationship between window and ASVE is similar to that between book and read, one can safely guess that ASVE is the operation people can take on window although ASVE stays an unknown action.

Definitely, mere similarity usually exclude the distinctive characteristics of a thing. We need to investigate its own terms for deeper understanding. Within the rough outline sketched by similarity, a more detailed and well-articulated picture can be drawn by grasping own terms of a thing. Still take window as an example. From careful observation, we know that it is transparent, it consists of different chemical materials, it performs the function as to protect privacy, to preserve desirable temperature indoor, and sometimes to prevent rains and snows from going inside. Deeper and further understanding of window can only be gained when we take its own terms besides those it shares with bookcase into consideration.

In the newly development software engineering model named Object-oriented model,the strategy “similarity first and differences later” functions as the core and focus of the whole model. Objects sharing common points are put into same “classes” and common points are processed together, later they are defined, discussed and processed respectively according to their own characteristics. This method greatly reduces the repetive time and energy spent over and over again on similar, if not utterly same, terms. Translated into daily life, starting from similarites for a quick outline and transferring to grasp distinctive characteristics for deeper understanding isthe approach we should always bear in mind when hoping to understand a thing with effectiveness and efficiency.

GRE作文范文:审查的公正性

Censorship is rarely, if ever, justified.

“Censorship” is a word which seems to be authoritative rather than democratic, which implies the will of the governors rather than the will of general people. Since the occurrence of the censorship, which could be traced back to the Ancient Rome, it has been playing an important part in the domestic affairs while arousing applause and condemnation as well. Here the our government faces a dilemma, is it fair to carry on the censorship at the cost of sacrificing part of democracy, or just open the gate letting flows of ideas and thoughts in, at the risk of losing its own rampart.

Since censorship suggest an act of changing or suppressing speech, writing or any other forms of expression that is condemned as subversive of the common good, it must have a close relationship with the one who applies such supervision, and the word “common good” should be redefined under different conditions. There is time when we were all under a powerful monarchy, and the “common good” is the “monarch good”, then the censorship itself is the instrument of the monarch which solely depended on the will of the monarch; in the Middle Ages, both the Roman Catholic and the Protestant Churches practiced censorship that seemed to be oppressive to any ideas challenging the doctrines of churches and the existence of God; even now, in some authoritative countries, the censorship is used to rule its people by restricting their minds, of course, for the stability of their governing over the people. With these regards, censorship itself is questioned at the rationality of existing, regardless of the practices made by the democratic government, while the justice of the democratic government is quite doubtable.

The matter concerning is not only who practices the censorship but also how it is practiced. Since different men make different comments on the same work of art, for example, it is hard to set up a measure by which we could decide whether one should be prohibited, especially to the work of arts, as its content always labeled as “subversive” and “revolutionary”, two words detested by the governors most. Such cases could be found in Ulysses by J. Joyce and Lady Chatterley’s Lover by D.H Lawrence, these two great novels were firstly considered to be guilty of obscenity and were put to prohibition by the American government, but turned out to be true masterpieces today. So any form of censorship, to some extent, lags behind the development of ideas and will put more or less a negative effect on their development.

Though the censorship is such a disgusting word embodying so much oppression and might, it is a compromise we made with the reality far from being perfect, to provide a comparative stable ground which we could stand on. At this point, I don’t agree with the institute like ACLU who oppose any censorship. The censorship, though rarely justified, should exist as long as a more ideal and practical form is found to replace it, or we could only expect our God to create a more ideal species instead of imperfect human beings.

篇3:GRE写作高分备考攻略解读

GRE写作高分备考攻略解读 这4个练笔注意事项不能忘

写作备考要注意限时训练

对于任何的考试都是一样,练习不仅要趁早,还需要在练习的时候加强对写作模式的总结。有很多人都以为刚开始写好一点花多长时间都值得其实到后来发现根本不是这样,限时和不限时两种感觉完全不同。限时之后就会发现,GRE考试没有固定的套路在三十分钟内基本不可能完整的写出一篇从没见过的argument.这里的套路不是大家都熟知的在网上和书上流行的摸版。而是自己总结出来的一套写作模式,更重要的是思维模式。

GRE作文少用模板锻炼个人风格

小编建议大家写作尽量少用模版,因为每个人要有自己的写作套路,别人的模版尽量不要直接拿来用,毕竟那些还是别人的东西,最好自己能弄出来自己的风格来。而写作套路,就是仁者见仁,智者见智的事情了,练习作多了,提纲列多了,基本就出来了。

积累写作经验需要多加练习

对于GRE写作来说,想要得到高分就必须要勤加练习,通过练习我们能够得出自身的不足点,也能发现自己的写作优势。所以,在复习GRE写作的时候,一定要多加练习。

写完文章还要认真修改做好总结

写完之后立即改;自己改完之后再请别人改;放一段时间以后再回过头来自己改。修改多次之后自然会有提高,多掌握一些GRE词汇量。最好,平时一定要注意积累。句型、短语和相关单词的收集和分类很重要。比如对教育类的主题,一些的单词和短语是比较有针对性的,单词和短语最好从报纸、网页、国外的范文里或者网上经典文章里搜集,如果自己乱猜乱凑可能适得其反,而且每次用都觉得心里七上八下。

GRE分类词汇记忆:具有其它特征的人

3.1.16 具有其它特征的人

magpie n. 饶舌之人;鹊

windbag n. 饶舌之人

maverick n. 想法与众不同的人;(未打烙印的小牛或小马)

nonconformist adj./n. 不遵照传统生活的(人)

mimic n. 模仿他人言行的人;v. 模仿,戏弄 (mimicry n. 模仿;拟态)

poseur n. 装模作样的人

nonesuch n. 无匹敌的人

nonpareil adj./n. 无匹敌的(人)

bigot n. 心胸狭窄者;(宗教、政治等的)盲信者

counterpart n. 相对应或具有相同功能的人或物

extrovert n. 性格外向者

howler n. 嚎叫的人或动物;滑稽可笑的错误

nonentity n. 不重要之人或事

pest n. 讨厌的人或物;害虫

polyglot adj./n. 通晓多种语言的(人)

raconteur n. 善于讲故事的人

wag n. 诙谐幽默者(小丑);v. (狗尾巴等)摆动

GRE分类词汇记忆:驾乘者

3.1.15 驾乘者

cavalier n. 骑士,武士

equestrian n. 骑师;adj. 骑马的

groom n. 马夫;新郎

jockey n. 骑师;v. 用计谋获取

rider n. 骑手;附文,附件

mariner n. 水手,海员

nautical adj. 船员的,航海的

pilot n. 飞行员;领航员;领导人

GRE分类词汇记忆:居民

3.1.14 居民,隐士

aboriginal n. 原始居民,土著

denizen n. 居民;外籍居民

inhabitant n. 居民;栖息的动物

resident n. 居民;adj. 定居的,常驻的

tenant n. 房客

hermit n. 隐士,修道者

recluse n. 隐士;adj. 隐居的

solitary n. 隐士;adj. 孤独的

GRE写作高分备考攻略解读

篇4:GRE写作高分写法技巧和备考经验

1.找到GRE写作的关键 你也能取得高分

我们都知道,GRE写作高分并不是那么容易获得的。很多考生都会因为某些原因导致失分,比如说语法问题或者举例不当等。

1)词汇。很多人在问,究竟需要不需要在写作前背词汇书。我们知道,词汇书是针对笔试里的语文部分搜集整理的,与作文的关系不大。作文需要的高级仍然是那几个,机器或者考官一见,马上会锁定,懂得写议论文,就靠它们几个。另外一些常用动词名词等实词的同义词要多背几组,英语的修辞不在华丽,在变幻。句型要多变,表达同种意思的词当然也要变幻。本来就单调的英语,重复是大忌。

2)模板。模板怎么用,不是不用而是要合理利用。因为这是一个可以让初学者一目了然,直奔主题的好东西。什么是结构,模板就是结构。模板是骨架,是支撑,但不是灵魂。灵魂的部分当然是文章的主旨,要靠自己在不懈的写作,不断的钻研中去摸索和寻找的。千万不可以依赖模板。一篇没有灵魂的骨架子是没法得高分的。

2.最全面的GRE写作复习计划

重视新GRE作文题库,Arg题库如何准备?每个GRE考试题目都要看,把逻辑错误找出来,提取关键词或者信号词。Issue题库的准备,按照传统分类模式可以分成社会、科技、行为、教育、历史、媒体、艺术、国际化等几个大类。但是在后期复习中这样的分类方式无法满足高效复习的需求。所以,一开始准备Issue题库的时候,需要对题库进行在分类。找出每个大类之间的横向关系。比如科技在教育、社会、行为、历史中的应用和影响等等。这样对每个GRE考试题目采取二位定位,GRE考试题目的核心点就会更加清晰,写起来方向也多。题库梳理的时间为7~10天,需要完成度任务还是很多的。

3.新GRE作文常见弊病及解决方案

写作速度慢,内容不饱满

在新GRE作文中的另一个普遍问题是写作速度太慢,这显然是因为在考试前所作的准备不够充分。GRE考试的写作除了开头段和结尾段,中间一般应该写三段。但是考生在规定时间内往往只能写两段,而且字数也不够,只能写400字左右。GRE写作虽然没有字数要求,但是一篇较好的、成熟的,能够充分展示自己观点的GRE作文,一般应在600字左右,或者是600字以上。由此可见,一篇400字左右的文章在内容上是不够充实的。

论证不够吸引人

在阐述思想观点之后,缺乏有力的例证去支持所阐述观点。或者总是引用每个人都耳熟能详的例证,例如目前最流行的例证有两个B和两个E,两个B即Bill Gates和Bill Clinton。两个E即Einstein和Edison.并不是这些例证不恰当或不足以说明问题,而是如果每一位GRE考试的考生都把爱迪生发明电灯作为例证,都引用爱因斯坦所说的成功是百分之九十九的勤劳加上百分之一的天分,那么自己的文章就显得平庸乏味,不吸引人。同时,也说明考生的知识面狭窄,视野不开阔

4.五个GRE写作考试高分技巧

1.GRE考试积极改写GRE作文: 必须多修改,如果不勤修改自己的文章,就不知道自己原来的漏洞和不足在哪,闷头写,只能导致lose the stake! 当认真学习一段时间写作之后,再回头改第一篇习作,肯定会发现自己很多毛病,这说明:我们在进步!

2.从别人的GRE作文上吸取经验:必须学习别人的文章,不管是老外280,还是版主们组织的同主题习作,都是非常宝贵的学习,参考资料,看到别人的文章和写作思路,是提高自己水平的有效途径!小站教育建议大家看看版主们原来写的习作和互拍,真的会受益匪浅。例如:among,needle,pooh,鬼谷子等牛人的,不一一列举了。

3.GRE考试多思考多动脑:必须多思考,多写不如多改,多改不如多想,当然这种想不是fantasy and daydream.二是针对写作思路和自我总结!

4.研究GRE考试作文范文:必须研究范文,尤其是5分和6分的范文,他们真的非常重要,因为那是最权威的辅导资料!不是简单的熟读和背诵,而是逐字逐句的体会作者的意思及修辞。还有提醒一点,ETS对范文的评论也都非常精彩,建议大家参考!这会非常有利于理解考试所考的重点。

5.复习GRE写作考试必备攻略

写作练习要趁早

对于任何的考试都是一样,练习不仅要趁早,还需要在练习的时候加强对写作模式的总结。有很多人都以为刚开始写好一点花多长时间都值得其实到后来发现根本不是这样,限时和不限时两种感觉完全不同。限时之后就会发现,GRE考试没有固定的套路在三十分钟内基本不可能完整的写出一篇从没见过的argument.这里的套路不是大家都熟知的在网上和书上流行的摸版。而是自己总结出来的一套写作模式,更重要的是思维模式。

小站教育老师建议:不推崇使用模版,因为每个人要有自己的写作套路,别人的模版尽量不要直接拿来用,毕竟那些还是别人的东西,最好自己能弄出来自己的风格来。而写作套路,就是仁者见仁,智者见智的事情了,练习作多了,提纲列多了,基本就出来了。

GRE写作备考要重视积累动笔经验

对于GRE写作来说,想要得到高分就必须要勤加练习,通过练习我们能够得出自身的不足点,也能发现自己的写作优势。所以,在复习GRE写作的时候,一定要多加练习。

以上就是小编为各位考生整理的关于GRE写作考试技巧介绍,希望考生积极做好备考工作,及时调整好状态,争取在接下来的GRE写作考试中取得理想的成绩!

GRE优秀作文范例参考

Although innovations such as video,computers,and the Internet seem to offer schools improved methods for instructing students,these technologies all too often distract from real learning.

尽管诸如电视、电脑和互联网这样的发明似乎给学校教育提供了进步的手段,但是所有这些技术往往也是在偏离真正的学习。

正文:

Nowadays there is a growing concern about the role that innovations have played in the field of learning. While most people think that innovations benefit learning process in various ways,different opinions arise that these technology advancements actually distract students from real learning. On balance,according to my personal observation,whether innovations can be beneficial or detrimental to real learning depends on the students and the teachers,not on these innovations themselves.

To begin with,technological innovations do help teaching and learning in various ways.With the aid of these technologies,the process of teaching and learning can be shorter and easier than before. For instance,if a student want certain published papers of an academic discipline,he/she may look through considerable catalogs to find the ones he/she needs. However,with the help of Internet innovation,at present most of these papers are published online. Consequently,to find certain paper the procedure is much easier and shorter,the students just type the key words and other information of the paper,and then the system will search the database,and the papers are there waiting for them. As this new approach can save a lot of time for the students,he/she could have more time reading the papers and absorbing the knowledge rather than checking and looking for the papers that could be a waste of his/her time. This example aptly illustrates how technology advancement benefited the students and their learning process.

Secondly,while innovations can help learning in various ways,it is more important that the central role of the pursuit for knowledge and wisdoms are maintained. What real matters is not the approach but the purpose of learning. In India,where modern technologies are less applied to the learning process than in the US and other developed countries,still a lot of distinguished students achieved their academic goal with their hard work and desires to knowledge. In the US,where the software engineering students are given the most advanced facilities and apparatus for their learning and research,however,it is wildly accepted that they are far less outstanding compared to the Indian students of software,who may share computers in groups. From this comparison we can see that the real and core push of learning is the desire for knowledge,not the help of innovations.

In addition,if not guided properly,the technology advancement might inhibit learning.In other words,innovation can distract the students from real learning than helping them. It is obvious that a computer can help students of science to calculate mathematical equations but can also be used for recreation such as net surfing or computer games. It is highly possible that these students can spend more time and energy on recreations rather than learning when using a computer. Thus,learning is inhibited. Under this circumstance,guidance and restrictions are needed to ensure the right use of innovations for learning,or the consequence may be on the contrary to the students and teachers' desire.

To conclude,technological innovations are beneficial to learning in many ways,but when using these technologies,one should not forget the real purpose of learning and remember not to be distracted for other usages of these innovations that are irrelevant or detrimental to learning. On balance,innovation here serves as a double-edges sword,and its right use is dependent on the students and the teachers.

GRE写作范文精选

“The video camera provides such an accurate and convincing record of contemporary life that it has become a more important form of documentation than written records.”

According to the speaker, the video recording is a more important means of document hag contemporary life than a written record because video recordings are more accurate and convincing. Although I agree that a video provides a more objective and accurate record of an event's spatial aspects, there is far more to document ha life than what we see and hear. Thus the speaker overstates the comparative significance of video as a documentary tool.

For the purpose of documenting temporal, spatial events and experiences, I agree that a video record is usually more accurate and more convincing than a written record. It is impossible for anyone, no matter how keen an observer and skilled a journalist, to recount ha complete and objective detail such events as the winning touchdown at the Super Bowl, a Ballanchine ballet, the Tournament of Roses Parade, or the scene at the intersection of Florence and Normandy streets during the 1992 Los Angeles riots. Yet these are important events in contemporary life the sort of events we might put ha a time capsule for the purpose of capturing our life and times at the turn of this millennium.

GRE写作范文精选

[题目]

Writes an essay, considering and assessing arguments for and against the following view: As reading is important for a good education, we should encourage our children to read whatever appeals to them.

[范文]

The famous English philosopher Francis Bacon said, “Reading makes a full man”. Reading books can strongly shape you inclination, mature your thoughts, widen you horizon and enrich your personality. Life is limited, but knowledge is boundless. The more books we read, the more knowledge we get. Hence, We should encourage our children to read more books.

However, books can also be harmful, particularly the pornographic books. Bad books contain evil thoughts. In them, there might be much description about violence, superstition, and sex. Let‘s suppose that you are in the position of a parent. Would you allow your children to read whatever appeals to them? If your answer to the question is “yes”, you are either extremely permissive or just plain irresponsible. If children read bad books, the evil thoughts would poison their mind gradually. They will be dispirited and perhaps commit a crime.

Good books, on the other hand, teach and help children to do good things. Good books are children‘s real companions, and they are both instructive and inspiring. Children know past events from history books, study communication by language book, learn space and numbers through mathematics books. In a word, different kinds of good books can give them a large amount of ideas and knowledge.

Consequently, those who read good books can be inspired to grow healthily, while those who read bad ones will lead a wicked life and meet with miserable failure. So before we encourage our children to read books, we should teach and help them to identify good and bad books.

篇5:GRE写作高分写法技巧和备考经验

1.找到GRE写作的关键 你也能取得高分

我们都知道,GRE写作高分并不是那么容易获得的。很多考生都会因为某些原因导致失分,比如说语法问题或者举例不当等。

1)词汇。很多人在问,究竟需要不需要在写作前背词汇书。我们知道,词汇书是针对笔试里的语文部分搜集整理的,与作文的关系不大。作文需要的高级仍然是那几个,机器或者考官一见,马上会锁定,懂得写议论文,就靠它们几个。另外一些常用动词名词等实词的同义词要多背几组,英语的修辞不在华丽,在变幻。句型要多变,表达同种意思的词当然也要变幻。本来就单调的英语,重复是大忌。

2)模板。模板怎么用,不是不用而是要合理利用。因为这是一个可以让初学者一目了然,直奔主题的好东西。什么是结构,模板就是结构。模板是骨架,是支撑,但不是灵魂。灵魂的部分当然是文章的主旨,要靠自己在不懈的写作,不断的钻研中去摸索和寻找的。千万不可以依赖模板。一篇没有灵魂的骨架子是没法得高分的。

2.最全面的GRE写作复习计划

重视新GRE作文题库,Arg题库如何准备?每个GRE考试题目都要看,把逻辑错误找出来,提取关键词或者信号词。Issue题库的准备,按照传统分类模式可以分成社会、科技、行为、教育、历史、媒体、艺术、国际化等几个大类。但是在后期复习中这样的分类方式无法满足高效复习的需求。所以,一开始准备Issue题库的时候,需要对题库进行在分类。找出每个大类之间的横向关系。比如科技在教育、社会、行为、历史中的应用和影响等等。这样对每个GRE考试题目采取二位定位,GRE考试题目的核心点就会更加清晰,写起来方向也多。题库梳理的时间为7~10天,需要完成度任务还是很多的。

3.新GRE作文常见弊病及解决方案

写作速度慢,内容不饱满

在新GRE作文中的另一个普遍问题是写作速度太慢,这显然是因为在考试前所作的准备不够充分。GRE考试的写作除了开头段和结尾段,中间一般应该写三段。但是考生在规定时间内往往只能写两段,而且字数也不够,只能写400字左右。GRE写作虽然没有字数要求,但是一篇较好的、成熟的,能够充分展示自己观点的GRE作文,一般应在600字左右,或者是600字以上。由此可见,一篇400字左右的文章在内容上是不够充实的。

论证不够吸引人

在阐述思想观点之后,缺乏有力的例证去支持所阐述观点。或者总是引用每个人都耳熟能详的例证,例如目前最流行的例证有两个B和两个E,两个B即Bill Gates和Bill Clinton。两个E即Einstein和Edison.并不是这些例证不恰当或不足以说明问题,而是如果每一位GRE考试的考生都把爱迪生发明电灯作为例证,都引用爱因斯坦所说的成功是百分之九十九的勤劳加上百分之一的天分,那么自己的文章就显得平庸乏味,不吸引人。同时,也说明考生的知识面狭窄,视野不开阔

4.五个GRE写作考试高分技巧

1.GRE考试积极改写GRE作文: 必须多修改,如果不勤修改自己的文章,就不知道自己原来的漏洞和不足在哪,闷头写,只能导致lose the stake! 当认真学习一段时间写作之后,再回头改第一篇习作,肯定会发现自己很多毛病,这说明:我们在进步!

2.从别人的GRE作文上吸取经验:必须学习别人的文章,不管是老外280,还是版主们组织的同主题习作,都是非常宝贵的学习,参考资料,看到别人的文章和写作思路,是提高自己水平的有效途径!小站教育建议大家看看版主们原来写的习作和互拍,真的会受益匪浅。例如:among,needle,pooh,鬼谷子等牛人的,不一一列举了。

3.GRE考试多思考多动脑:必须多思考,多写不如多改,多改不如多想,当然这种想不是fantasy and daydream.二是针对写作思路和自我总结!

4.研究GRE考试作文范文:必须研究范文,尤其是5分和6分的范文,他们真的非常重要,因为那是最权威的辅导资料!不是简单的熟读和背诵,而是逐字逐句的体会作者的意思及修辞。还有提醒一点,ETS对范文的评论也都非常精彩,建议大家参考!这会非常有利于理解考试所考的重点。

5.复习GRE写作考试必备攻略

写作练习要趁早

对于任何的考试都是一样,练习不仅要趁早,还需要在练习的时候加强对写作模式的总结。有很多人都以为刚开始写好一点花多长时间都值得其实到后来发现根本不是这样,限时和不限时两种感觉完全不同。限时之后就会发现,GRE考试没有固定的套路在三十分钟内基本不可能完整的写出一篇从没见过的argument.这里的套路不是大家都熟知的在网上和书上流行的摸版。而是自己总结出来的一套写作模式,更重要的是思维模式。

小站教育老师建议:不推崇使用模版,因为每个人要有自己的写作套路,别人的模版尽量不要直接拿来用,毕竟那些还是别人的东西,最好自己能弄出来自己的风格来。而写作套路,就是仁者见仁,智者见智的事情了,练习作多了,提纲列多了,基本就出来了。

GRE写作备考要重视积累动笔经验

对于GRE写作来说,想要得到高分就必须要勤加练习,通过练习我们能够得出自身的不足点,也能发现自己的写作优势。所以,在复习GRE写作的时候,一定要多加练习。

GRE Issue写作思路:辩证思考的逻辑

本文重点讲的是Issue的写法,培养辩证思考的逻辑。它问你是否同意一个观点。你需要表明自己的态度:批判性思考,不一定是绝对的对错,要从两个或多个方面来考虑。

论证思路一般是,题目问A好还是B好。那么我需要分析A的优势,再分析B的优势,之后我需要给出自己的倾向性。最后结论重申自己的观点。

正面论述:To support

展开方式

1、例子展开

2、道理论证

反面论述:To Argue Against

展开方式

1、例子展开

2、道理论证

结论:重申自己的观点

段落展开有两种方式:例子展开和道理论证

举例子:某人,做了某事,得到了某个结果。

值得注意的是,GRE写作中不建议用身边的人来举例。因此更建议用道理论证的方式进行展开。为什么用道理论证的方式更好?首先GRE考试是逻辑考试,考查你的逻辑能力,如果你的逻辑链条非常好,你可以把自己的逻辑展得很开很细。另一方面,虽然你可以举例子展开,但是很多例子你用中文可能都很难展开,更不用说英文。这时候用举例子就会有些舍本逐末,准备时间有限,而你还要花时间去准备例子就会有些得不偿失。

GRE Issue写作思路逻辑链条举例

本文重点讲的是Issue的写法,培养辩证思考的逻辑。它问你是否同意一个观点。你需要表明自己的态度:批判性思考,不一定是绝对的对错,要从两个或多个方面来考虑。

例题讲解

82.Colleges and universities should require their students to spend at least one semester studying in a foreign country.

托福考试中不在乎逻辑:用交朋友、新文化+语言学习,再来一个让步就可以。

但是从GRE的角度,上面的逻辑就有问题。去国外学习可以交朋友,那么是说在国内学习就交不到朋友吗?出国可以学习语言和文化,那么在国内就学习不到语言和文化吗?还有很多同学喜欢写让步,但这里是有误区的。我认为让步段落是可以写的,但是在论证过程中并没有什么营养,只是凑字数,完成一篇文章而已。

你之前以为的让步段落是这样的:

提问:你觉得要不要爬珠穆朗玛峰啊?

答:要!

理由一:锻炼身体(嗯,是的,挺好的。)

理由二:可以帮助我更好地交朋友(行吧,也许对你来说只有在户外的时候才能交到一些特别好的驴友。)

让步:我承认爬珠穆朗玛峰有很大的风险,可能会因此丧失生命,就算没有丧命,但也可能因此落下病根。(让步)但是对于前面所说的两个好处来说,我觉得爬珠穆朗玛峰依然值得。(谁信啊?)

用上面这个思路去写Issue,应该不会拿到太好的分数。说回刚才的题目,我们可以这样写。

首先有一个introduction,“我的观点是……”

INTRO:

It is argued in the statement that … ,有一定的benefits,but not a requirement!

Study overseas

1.personal development: academically vs professionally: 1. different countries = different cultures = Disparity in education concepts and systems = disparity in academic researches = students with new perspective + innovative know-how / knowledge; 2 professionally:global citizen = working & researching cooperate with people different cultural background = team work = cultural tolerance = immersion in the country = one good way = one semester in foreign countries.

NOT study overseas

1.problems = exposed to a new cultural / social environment: cultural tolerance vs cultural shock: on the one hand, culture shock frustrates students = not focusing too much on the studying but struggling with the cultural issues every day = loss of orientation; on the other hand, exposure to so many new interesting and exotic events, not focusing on studying but going for fun for most of the time, even try drugs / violence and other things they might not think of in homeland.

2.University should require??? free will vs obligation = require = ignorance of the personal willingness = might not be interested = waste of time and effort, especially great financial burden for either the university or the students. IF Universities sponsor the oversea studies =students not getting the expected result = waste of limited resources; IF students self finance = expensive + the results not ensured. SO University create the system to ensure the possibility, provide relevant offerings but not set a requirement for the the students = unfair.

GRE

篇6:GRE阅读高分策略

GRE阅读高分策略

一、排除题的解题方法

1.精确定位排除法:

将选项精确的在文中定位,找出选项和阅读文章中的对应关系,注意选项中的同义代换与原文是否对应。有时会出现这样的情况,选项中有四个是和题目的关键词定位在一个段内的,但其中一个选项却定位在了另一个段落内,那么这个选项就是答案。

注意:正确答案一般是作者在文中明确反对过的,或者是根本未提到,再或者就是定位的段落未提到的(选项的关键词落在别的段落)说法。

2.强对比排除法:

如果题目中是关于A的提问,但是原文中没有直接给出与A相关的描述。不过,文中出现了与B相关的特征描述,而B呢正好是与A形成强烈对比的对象。那么我们只需要把B的特征取非就可以得到答案了。一般文章中会出现unlike,in contrast to, compared with,阅读的过程中遇到该类别的关键词注意要做笔记。

3.无关信息排除法:

如果某一个选项和文章大意没有关系或者根本没有提到过,那么它一定就是正确答案了。因此,在阅读的过程中要留意文章每段的中心意思,理出文章的写作思路,以此来作为细节判断的依据。

如果能够将题目定位到某一段,那么就可以用该段的TS(Topic Sentence 主题句)来进行排除,和TS无关的就是正确选项。

二、举例说明:

下面是No.5-2题目中的一道长阅读,我把它的第一段截取了出来:

In large part as a consequence of the feminist movement, historians have focused a GREat deal of attention in recent years on determining more accurately the status of women in various periods. Although much has been (5) accomplished for the modern period, premodern cultures have proved more difficult: sources are restricted in eg. number, fragmentary, difficult to interpret, and often contradictory. Thus it is not particularly surprising that some earlier scholarship concerning such cultures (10) has so far gone unchallenged. An example is Johann Bachofen’s 1861 treatise on Amazons, women-ruled societies of questionable existence contemporary with ancient GREece.

1.识别重要信息,做标记

在读的过程中我们注意到上文阴影部分出现了典型的并列成分(标志:冒号,“A, B and C结构”),读到后马上做记号(比如,我在文章右侧,标上了eg)。

中文翻译:

在很大程度上,由于女权主义运动(feminist movement)的缘故,史学家近年来汇聚了大量的注意力,来更为准确地确定妇女在各个历史时期的地位。虽然对现当代的研究成就斐然,但古代文化的研究要证明更为困难:资料来源数量有限,支离破碎,难于解释,且经常互相矛盾。因此,人们并不特别惊讶地发现,有关这些古代文化的早期学术研究迄今为止听凭其流传下来,而未遭到质疑。其中一个实例就是约翰·巴霍芬(Johann Bachofen)1861年论述亚马孙人(Amazons)的论文,而所谓亚马孙人,即那些由女性统治的社会,其难置可否的存在与古希腊时值同期。

2.例题解析

不出所料,后文果然出现了except题:

All of the following are stated by the author as problems connected with the sources for knowledge of premodern cultures EXCEPT

(A) partial completeness

(B) restricted accessibility

(C) difficulty of interpretation

(D) limited quantity

(E) tendency toward contradiction

通过”premodern cultures”或者“problems with sources”定位到上文中划阴影部分。5个选项都比较眼熟,一下子无法通过TS找出与原文没有关系的选项,也没有出现强对比。因此,选用精确定位排除法来进行解答,找出选项和原文的对应关系。

我们可以发现A选项partial completeness与fragmentary对应,说明资料来源的支离破碎(不完整性),C选项difficulty of interpretation与原文的difficult to interpret对应,两者几乎都没有进行改写,只有词性的改变。D选项limited quantity与原文restricted in number相对应。E选项tendency toward contradiction与原文的contradictory相应。只有B没有找到相对应的并列成分。因此答案选B。

三、排除题相关的语言现象——列举,句子的并列成分,冒号

1.列举:

所谓列举,就是在文章中出现对某一对象的几个特征进行的逐条描述,比如first,...,second..., third... 遇到这样的语言现象赶紧做好标记,因为这个语言现象经常会考except题。

2.句子的并列成分

比如X includes A, B and C,这里的A B C就是句子的并列成分。这种结构也常考排除题。通常是有4个选项分别约ABC等成分相对应,而其中有一个成分找不到对应,或者是与原文意思不符。

3.冒号

冒号后面也常会出现列举现象,因此,遇到的话一定要标出来。后面的内容可以大致浏览或者不看。

GRE阅读并不难,主要掌握合理科学的方法,再多加以练习方能在GRE阅读考试中获得高分!

新GRE逻辑阅读

1. Aedes albopictus, a variety of mosquito that has recently established itself in the southeastern United States, is less widespread than the indigenous swamp mosquito. Both the swamp mosquito and A. albopictus can carry viruses that are sometimes fatal to humans, but A. albopictus is a greater danger to public health. Each of the following, if true, provides additional information that strengthens the judgment given about the danger to public health EXCEPT:

(A) Unlike the swamp mosquito, A. albopictus originated in Asia, and larvae of it were not observed in the United States before the mid- 1980's.

(B) Unlike the swamp mosquito, A. albopictus tends to spend most of its adult life near human habitation.

(C) Unlike swamp mosquito larvae, A. albopictus larvae survive in flower pots, tin cans, and many small household objects that hold a little water.

(D) In comparison with the swamp mosquito, A. albopictus hosts a much wider variety of viruses known to cause serious diseases in humans.

(E) A. albopictus seeks out a much wider range of animal hosts than does the swamp mosq-uito, and it is more likely to bite humans.

2. The Environmental Protection Agency must respond to the hazard to children's health posed by exposure to asbestos fibers released in the air in school classrooms. Since it is impossible to close school buildings, the best plan would be to initiate programs that mandate the immediate removal of asbestos from all the school buildings that are found to contain asbestos, regardless of whether or not the buildings are in use. Which of the following, if true, is the strongest reason for the Environmental Protection Agency not to follow the plan outlined above?

(A) The techniques available for removing asbestos often increase the level of airborne asbestos.

(B) Schools are places where asbestos is especially likely to be released into the air by the action of the occupants.

(C) Children exposed to airborne asbestos run a greater risk of developing cancer than do adults exposed to airborne asbestos.

(D) The cost of removing asbestos varies from school to school, depending on accessibility and the quantity of asbestos to be removed.

(E) It is impossible to determine with any degree of certainty if and when construction materials that contain asbestos will break down and release asbestos fibers into the air.

3. A person's cholesterol level will decline significantly if that person increases the number of meals eaten per day, but only if there is no significant increase in the amount of food eaten. However, most people who increase the number of meals they eat each day will eat a lot more food as well. If the statements above are true, which of the following is most strongly supported by them?

(A) For most people, cholesterol level is not significantly affected by the amount of food eaten per day.

(B) For most people, the amount of food eaten per meal is most strongly affected by the time of day at which the meal is eaten.

(C) For most people, increasing the number of meals eaten per day will not result in a significantly lower cholesterol level.

(D) For most people, the total amount of food eaten per day is unaffected by the number of mealseaten per day.

(E) For most people, increasing the number of meals eaten per day will result in a significant change in the types of food eaten.

4. A certain type of dinnerware made in Ganandia contains lead. Lead can leach into acidic foods, and Ganandians tend to eat highly acidic foods. However, the extreme rarity of lead poisoning in Ganandia indicates that the dinnerware does not contain dangerous amounts of lead. Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument above?

(A) The dinnerware is produced exclusively for sale outside Ganandia.

(B) Ganandian foods typically are much more acidic than foods anywhere else in the world.

(C) The only source of lead poisoning in Ganandia is lead that has leached into food.

(D) Most people who use the dinnerware are not aware that it contains lead.

(E) Acidic foods can leach lead from dinnerware even if that dinnerware has a protective coating.

5. Sergeant Our police academy no longer requires its applicants to pass a physical examination before being admitted to the academy. As a result, several candidates with weak hearts and high blood pressure have been admitted. Hence, we can expect our future police force to have more health problems than our current police force. Knowledge of each of the following would be relevant to determining the reliability of the sergeant's prediction EXCEPT whether

(A) police officer candidates are screened for high blood pressure before joining the police force

(B) the police officer candidates who are not healthy now are likely to be unhealthy as police officers

(C) graduates of the police academy are required to pass a physical examination

(D) the health of the current police officer candidates is worse than was the health of police officer candidates in the past

(E) a police officer's health is a reliable indicator of the officer's performance

6. Because adult iguanas on Plazos Island are much smaller than adult iguanas of the same species on nearby islands, researchers assumed that environmental conditions on Plazos favor the survival of relatively smaller baby iguanas (hatchlings) in each yearly brood. They discovered instead that for each of the past three years, 10 percent of the smaller and 40 percent of the larger hatchlings survived, because larger hatchlings successfully evade their predators. Which of the following, if true about Plazos but not about nearby islands, contributes most to an explanation of the long-standing tendency of iguanas on Plazos to be smaller than those of the same age on nearby islands?

(A) Periodic wind shifts cause extended dry spells on Plazos every year, putting the larger iguanas, whose bodies require relatively more water, at a great disadvantage.

(B) There are exactly three species of iguanas on Plazos but only two species of seagulls that feed on iguanas, and a relatively small percentage of each year's hatchlings are consumed by seagulls.

(C) Wild cats, which were introduced as pets by early settlers and which were formerly major predators of Plazos iguanas, were recently killed off by a disease specific to cats.

(D) The iguanas on Plazos are a relatively ancient part of the island's animal life.

(E) Both land and marine iguanas live on Plazos, and the land iguanas tend to be larger than marine iguanas of the same age

7. Every human being who has ever lived had two parents. Therefore, more people were alive threethousand years ago than are alive now. The reasoning in the argument is flawed because it

(A) overlooks the number of people in each generation during the last three thousand years who left no descendants

(B) disregards possible effects of disasters such as famines and plagues on human history

(C) overestimates the mathematical effect of repeated doublings on population size

(D) fails to take into account that people now alive have overlapping sets of ancestors

(E) fails to consider that accurate estimation of the number of people alive three thousand years ago might be impossible

8. Each of the academic journals Thought and Ergo has a review committee to prevent misattributed quotations from appearing in its published articles. Nevertheless, about ten percent of the quotations in Thought's published articles are misattributed, whereas Ergo contains no misattributions. Ergo's committee is more effective, therefore, than Thought's at finding misattributed quotations. The argument above assumes that

(A) most of the articles submitted to Thought for publication contain misattributed quotations

(B) there are at least some misattributed quotations in articles submitted to Ergo for publication

(C) the members of Ergo's committee are, on the whole, more knowledgeable than are the members of Thought's committee

(D) the number of misattributed quotations in a journal is an accurate measure of how carefully that journal is edited

(E) the authors who submit articles to Ergo for publication are more thorough in attributing quotations than are the authors who submit articles to Thought

9. In the last few decades, grassy wetlands, essential to the nesting and breeding of ducks, geese, swans, and most other species of waterfowl, have been extensively drained and cultivated in southern Canada and the northern United States, Duck populations in North American have plummeted during this time, but populations of swans and geese have been affected less dramatically. Which of the following, if true, most helps to explain the difference mentioned above?

(A) Prohibition of hunting of waterfowl is easier to enforce in areas under cultivation than in wild lands.

(B) Most geese and swans nest and breed farther north than ducks do, in areas that still are not cultivated.

(C) Land that has been harvested rarely provides food suitable for waterfowl.

(D) Goose and swan populations decline in periods of drought, when breeding sites are fewer.

(E) Because they are larger than ducks, geese and swans have a harder time finding protected nesting sites in areas that are cultivated.

10. A researcher found that, in proportion to their body weights, children eat more carbohydrates than adults do. Children also exercise more than adults do. The researcher hypothesized that carbohydrate consumption varies in direct proportion to the calorie demands associated with different levels of exercise. Which of the following, if true, most seriously undermines the researcher's hypothesis?

(A) More carbohydrates are eaten per capita in nations where the government spends more per capita on public exercise programs.

(B) Children who do not participate in organized sports tend to eat fewer carbohydrates than children who participate in organized sports.

(C) Consumption of increased amounts of carbohydrates is a popular tactic of runners preparing for long-distance races.

(D) Periods of physical growth require a relatively higher level of carbohydrate consumption than otherwise.

(E) Though carbohydrates are necessary for the maintenance of good health, people who consume more carbohydrates are not necessarily healthier.

11. Experts removed a layer of eighteenth-century red paint from a figure in a painting by a sixteenth-century Italian artist, revealing a layer of green paint underneath. Since the green paint dates from the sixteenth century, the figure must have been green, not red, when the painting was completed in 1563.Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?

(A) The experts had been commissioned to restore the painting to the colors it had when it was completed.

(B) X-rays reveal an additional layer of paint beneath the green paint on the figure.

(C) Chemical analyses were used to determine the ages of the red paint and the green paint.

(D) The red paint was added in the eighteenth century in an attempt to repair damage done in the late seventeenth century.

(E) Red paint on the robe of another figure in the painting dates from the sixteenth century.

12. Whenever a French novel is translated into English, the edition sold in Britain should be in British English. If the edition sold in Britain were in American English, its idioms and spellings would appear to British readers to be strikingly American and thus to conflict with the novel's setting. The recommendation is based on which of the following assumptions?

(A) The authors of French novels are usually native speakers of French.

(B) A non-British reader of a novel written in British English will inevitably fail to understand the meanings of some of the words and idioms in the novel.

(C) No French novel that is to be sold in Britain in English translation is set in the United States.

(D) A British reader of a British novel will notice that the idioms and spellings used in the novel are British.

(E) Most French novels are not translated into both British English and American English.

13. Although it is assumed that peacocks' magnificent tails function essentially to attract peahens, no one knows why it should be magnificent tails that give a competitive advantage in securing mates. One explanation is that peahens are more likely to mate with peacocks with magnificent tails than with peacocks that lack magnificent tails. Which of the following is an error of reasoning exemplified by the explanation?

(A) Attributing to animals qualities that are characteristically human

(B) Extending a conclusion that is true of only one species of a genus to all species of the genus

(C) Offering as an explanation a hypothesis that in principle can be neither verified nor proved false

(D) Offering the phenomenon that is to be explained as the explanation of that phenomenon

(E) Assuming without warrant that peacocks with magnificent tails are likely to have other features strongly attractive to peahens

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