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Ⅲ.背景知识
1.About the Author
Guy de Maupassant,the well-known French shortstory writer and novelist,was born on August 5,1850.When he was young,he had a great interest in literature.He practised writing literary works under the guidance of the famous novelist Flaubert.And Balzac was another teacher of his.So he wrote in the tradition of 19th century French realism,and became one of the most famous French critical realists of the late 19th century.
Maupassant's stories were built around the everyday life of the simple humble people.He had a fine use of irony.His style was direct and simple,with attention to realistic details.He saw clearly the toil,sufferings and the bitterly ironic happenings in human lives.At his best,he was able to put into a few pages a life story which would take other writers a whole volume to describe.
Most of Maupassant's works are about the peasant life in Normandy,the France-Prussian War and the life of the petty bourgeoisie.As he had held a number of government positions in Parice since 1871,he became familiar with the life of the government workers.And this experience helped him create his best short story“The Diamond Necklace”,from which our present text is adapted.Almost a hundred years after its first publication the story still touches the readers deeply to their hearts.
Maupassant suffered a great deal from illness in his late life.Yet he struggled to continue writing with tremendous will power.He had but a short life,and died at the age of 43(on July 6,1893).
2.About the Text
This short play is a stage version of The Necklace,one of Maupassant's best-known short stories.It tells about a vain woman,wife of a small clerk,who borrowed a diamond necklace to go to the palace ball.But unfortunately she lost the necklace.Then she and her husband had to work ten long years to pay for it.
The heroine was named Mathilde,who used to be a pretty girl.Being born in a clerk's family,she had no hope of marrying a man of wealth and position.So she let herself be married to Pierre Loisel,a small clerk in a government office.They were not rich and lived a simple life.
One evening her husband brought home an invitation for the palace ball.It was the first time in their lives that they had been invited to an important occasion like this.But the wife did not feel happy at all,because she had no dress for the ball.As the ball was very important to Pierre,he decided to buy her a new dress,which cost about four hundred francs.That was all he had saved.But Mathilde had no jewellery and she didn't want to go to the palace without jewelley.Her husband suggested that she should go and borrow some jewellery from a rich friend of hers,Jeanne Forrestier.Jeanne was very kind and friendly.She brought out her jewelry for Mathilde to choose from.Mathilde borrowed a diamond necklace.
Mathilde was the prettiest woman that night at the palace.She was a great success.All the men wished to dance with her.She danced madly,forgetting herself,her husband,her home and all.
On the way home Mathilde found that the necklace was gone.She and her husband returned to the palace and looked for it in every room but couldn't find it,and they never saw it again.They had to borrow thirty-six thousand francs,buy a diamond necklace exactly like the one they had lost and return it to Jeanne.Then they worked hard for ten years to pay for the money.
At the end of ten hard years,Mathilde had changed a great deal and looked so old that Jeanne couldn't recognize her when they met in a park one day.When Jeanne heard Mathilde's story,she was amazed.She told Mathilde that the necklace she had lent her ten years before was made of glass.It was worth five hundred francs at the most.
The First Period
Teaching Aims:
1.Learn and master the following words:
footprint shoeprint fingerprint tire mystery mysterious scary dormitory
2.Do some listening.
3.Do some speaking by acting out some short plays.
Teaching Important Points:
1.Do listening and speaking practice.
2.Improve the students' listening ability.
3.Improve the students speaking ability by acting out some short plays in English.
Teaching Difficult Points:
1.How to finish the task of speaking.
2.How to make up short plays.
Teaching Methods:
1.Warming up to arouse the students' interest in creating good stories.
2.Listening-and-choosing activity to help the students go through with the listening material and understand it.
3.Making and acting out simple plays to practise the students' speaking ability.
4.Individual,pair or group work to make every student work in class.
Teaching Aids:
1.a tape recorder
2.a slide projector
3.a computer for multimedia use
Teaching Procedures:
Step Ⅰ. Greetings
Greet the whole class as usual.
Step Ⅱ. Lead-in
T:Have you read thrilling and exciting stories?
S1:Yes,I've read one.It is Huckleberry Finn.It was written by Mark Twain.It tells us something about a boy who met with much danger and trouble.
T:Have you seen the soul-stirring film?
S2:Yes.I have seen the film“Titanic”.It tells us that the largest and finest ship at that time sank because it hit an iceberg.It is terrible to see the ship sink under the sea.
T:I think most of you have seen the film.It is really a good and soul-stirring film.It won its Oscar.It is well worth seeing.OK.Which of you had adventurous experience?
S3:I had one.
T:Would you like to tell us your experience?
S3:I'd love to.One afternoon when I went home after school,I found our door open.Suddenly I felt something happen.It was a thief who broke into my house.I was about to leave for help when the thief saw me,He tied me to a chair and took away our money and some valuable things.It took me an hour to untie the rope and call the police.
T:What an advanture experience!Sometimes,all of us are likely to be in trouble.What should we do when we get into trouble?Now we'll have a discussion in pairs.Begin,please.
(After two minutes,teacher collects some advice from the students and shows them on the screen.)
Dos
Find a good chance to get rid of dangerous situation
Call 110 for help.
Ask neighbours for help.
Use your clever head to defeat the other.
…
Don'ts
Don't enter the dangerous situation.
Don't fight with him,for you are weak.
…
T:Your advice is very good.
Step Ⅲ. Warming up
T:Today a foreign senior boy and a Chinese senior girl are travelling on a small island.They have adventurous experience.Now open your books and look at the pictures in Unit 15.Make up a story about something happening to the boy and the girl.Prepare it in four groups.
(Teacher gives students enough time to prepare it.Then ask one group to read the story.)
T:(After some minutes.)Are you ready?Now I'll ask one group to read the story to the whole class.Which group will try?
Group 2:A foreign senior boy and a Chinese senior girl were travelling on a small island when they met an old wise man with long beard.They talked with the man,who had a map in his hand.He told them there were valuables in a certain castle according to the map.So the boy and the girl came to a secret chambers in a mysterious castle on the island and they found a box full of jewellery.They were very excited.And they were thinking about what to do when a huge monster appeared.The monster was angry with them and began to run after them.They were frightened and ran quickly.But the monster went on running after them and they couldn't get away from the monster.At that time the wise old man suddenly appeared before them and helped them leave the dangerous situation.At last he told them that everyone liked treasures.But only when we worked hard by hand to get treature could we own them.
T:Thank you for your story.
Step Ⅳ. Listening
T:Now let's do some listening.Listen to a short play on the tape.The play has three scenes.There are two questions for each scene.First we'll learn some new words on the blackboard.(Write the words“footprints,shoeprints,fingerprints”on the blackboard.)We have known“print”means“a mark mad e on a surface showing the shape pattern of a thing”.Can you guess the meaning of the words?
S4:I'll try.I think“footprint”is a mark made by the foot of a person or an animal.
S5:I think“shoeprint”is a mark made by a sole of a shoe.
S6:“fingerprint”is a mark or pattern of lines made by the end of a finger.
T:(Teacher shows some pictures on the screen.)
Yes.You are right.Look at the pictures.(Teacher points at them.)This is a footprint.This is a shoeprint and this is a fingerprint.
footprint shoeprint fingerprint
(Teacher writes the words“tire,mystery”on the blackboard and explain them.)
T:Now look at your books on Page 11 and go through the information and make sure you know what you must do before listening.
(After a while.)
T:Now,do you know what you should do after you listen to the tape?
Ss:Yes.
T:I'll play the tape three times.For the first time,you just listen to get a general idea.Then listen to the tape a second time and do the exercise.At last you can check your answers when I play the taperecorder for the third time.Let's begin.
(If the students have any difficulty,teacher plays it once more.At last,teacher checks the answers.)
Step Ⅴ. Speaking
T:You have read,seen and heard many exciting stories.Have you written any plays?
Ss:No,we haven't.
T:Today we'll write one to give the rein to your imagination.Before doing it,first read the situations and choose one of them to make up a short play,according to the situation you choose.Meanwhile,pay attention to the meanings of a few words:scary,mysterious,dormitory.
(Teacher writes them on the blackboard and explains them to the students.)Now you are divided into three groups.One group,one short play.After ten minutes,I will ask each group to act out the play in front of the class.
(After some time,teacher asks each group to act out the play before class.)
Sample plays:
The Secret of the Black Tower
(It is a dark night in April.Three friends have been hiking in the mountains all day.)
A:It's getting dark.I think we can't go home tonight.
B:I'm tired.We'd better find a place to spend the night.
C:Where shall we go?There is no house for us to live in.
B:Look!There is a tower over there.Let's go to see if we can spend the night there.
(They walk to the tower and enter it.)
A:It's so dark here.But we have no choice but so stay here.
C:It's so large and empty.I feel afraid.
B:Don't be afraid.There are even no windows in the walls.Nobody can move in if we put a big stone at the entrance.
(They go to bed and try to fall asleep.Suddenly they hear a sound.)
A:Listen!
B:It may be a mouse.
A:Really?Let me see.(Lighting a match and walking around)Oh,dear!
B and C:What happened?
A:Come and have a look.There is a man lying on the ground.
B:A man?What about him?Can he breathe?
(B and C walk to the man.)
C:Let me see.Oh,no.I think he has been dead for a long time.
A:I think so.He doesn't look like a modern person.He seems to be a person from ancient times.
C:Oh,I know.Look at his head.He may be a Buddhist monk.I have read a report.It says that a buddhist monk doesn't degenerate because he had taken some special drug before he died.
B:In that case,his body is worth studying.
C:Of course.Many countries want to get it.However,no one knows where it is.
A:What should we do with it?
B:We ought to report to the government tomorrow.
A and C:That's right.
Step Ⅵ. Summary and Homework
T:In this class,we've made up a story and a play and listened to a short play.You have done very well in class.After class,please remember and use the new words of this period.(Pointing to the blackboard.)Tell your story and perform your play.The more you practise,the better you'll speak English.Practice makes perfect.We should always remember this.So much for this class.Class is over.
Step Ⅶ. The Design of the Writing on the Blackboard
Unit 15 The necklace
The First Period
Remember the new words:
print→footprint,shoeprint,fingerprint
tire n.
mystery n. mysterious adj.
scary adj.
dormitory n.
Step Ⅷ. Record after Teaching
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
The Second Period
Teaching Aims:
1.Learn and master the following words and expressions:
recognize,ball,continue,diamond,jewellery,necklace,palace,francs,after all,call on,bring out,try on,have a good time,without luck,pay off
2.Improve the students' reading comprehension through reading activities.
Teaching Important Points:
1.Learn the language in the play,especially in dialogues.
2.Learn the usages of some words and expressions.
3.Get the students to improve their reading comprehension.
Teaching Difficult Points:
1.How to use the tenses correctly in a dialogue.
2.How to tell the differences between“after all,in all and above all”.
Teaching Methods:
1.Question-and-answer method before reading to make students interested in what they will learn.
2.Fast-reading to get the general idea of the text.
3.Individual,pair or group work to make every student work in class.
Teaching Aids:
1.a tape recorder
2.a slide projector
3.a computer for multimedia use
4.a TV set
Teaching Procedures:
Step Ⅰ. Greetings
Greet the whole class as usual.
Step Ⅱ. Revision
T:Yesterday we practised making up some short plays.Now I'll ask some students to act out them before class.
(Teacher asks two or three groups to act.)
Step Ⅲ. Lead-in
T:OK.Thank you for your performance.
(Teacher shows a picture on the screen.)
T:Now look at the picture.Who is he?What part did he play in the picture?Do you know?
Ss:Yes.He is Li Lianjie.He played a part of Wu Ming in the famous film“Hero”.
T:Do you like the role?Who can tell me about this?
S1:Yes,I like it.He acted successfully.
T:Yes,you are right.He acted in many films.He is very famous.There are also many famous actors we all like,such as,Liang Chaowei,Zhao Wei,Zhou Xun,Zhang Zhiyi and so on.Have you ever acted in a play?What role did you play?
S2:Yes.I played a naughty boy when I was a junior middle school student.
T:Do you like acting in plays?
S2:Yes.But I think it's difficult work.We need a lot of practice and we must remember the lines of the dialogues,but it's very interesting.
T:So you must have seen some plays,haven't you?
S2:Yes.I have seen many films.And I have seen “Romeo and Juliet” twice.
T:What kind of plays do you like,funny plays,serious plays or sad plays?
S2:Funny plays.
T:What about you,Wang Li?Which do you like?
W:Sad plays.
T:Have you seen the play“The necklace”?
Ss:No,but we're heard of it.
T:This is a very good play written by Maupassant.I like it most.
Step Ⅳ. Pre-reading
T:Now let's watch the play together.Watch carefully and then I'll ask you some questions.
(Teacher plays the TV set for the students to watch.After that,teacher asks the students some questions.)
T:When and where did the story happen?
S3:It happened in a park in Paris,one afternoon in 1870.
T:Who can tell me something about the play?
S4:It's a play about a necklace.And it tells us a story about Mathilde Loisel,who borrowed a diamond necklace from her friend Jeanne.They were good friends then.When they met in a park ten years later,Jeanne didn't recognize Mathilde at first and then Mathilde told Jeanne what had happened to her.
T:Yes,you are right.In order to know more details,we'll learn the play later.Before reading the play,we'll learn the new words and expressions on the screen first.
(Teacher shows the words and expressions on the screen.)
Words:Jeanne n. 让娜(女子名)
Mathilde n.玛蒂尔德
Pierre n.皮埃尔
diamond n.钻石
ball n.舞会
jewelry n.珠宝a jewel,a piece of jewellry
franc n.法郎
debt n.债务，欠款
continue vt./vi继续
lovely adj.可爱的
precious adj.宝贵的；贵重的；珍爱的
Expressions:call on 访问；号召；邀请
bring back 拿回来、使恢复
pay off还清(债务等)；付清
(Teacher asks students to read the words after the tape twice and then read them aloud.Then teacher gives simple explanations in English to the students.At last,students try to remember them in a short while.)
Step Ⅴ. Reading
T:Let's read the play.While you are reading,please pay special attention to the tenses of the verbs.In the play there are three scenes.Now read the first scene carefully.After reading,discuss the questions on the screen,please.
(Teacher shows the following questions on the screen.)
Answer the following questions:
1.Why didn't Jeanne recognize Mathilde at first?
2.What was the life Mathilde lived in the next ten years like after she returned the necklace?
3.Why had she been working very hard?
(Teacher goes among the students and joins in the students' discussion.After a few minutes,teacher says the following.)
T:Have you finished?(Ss:Yes.)Now,please answer my first question.Any volunteers?
S5:Because she looked older than her age.
T:Yes.What's the answer to the second question?
S6:She had been living a hard life.Years of hard work,very little food,only a cold room to live in and never a moment's rest.
T:You are right.What about the third question?Who knows the answer?
S7:I'll try.Because of the diamond necklace she borrowed from her friend.
T:Your answers are quite right.Now go on to read the second scene quickly and find out the answer to the fourth question on the screen.
(Teacher shows the fourth question on the screen.)
4.Why did Mathilde borrow a necklace from her friend,Jeanne?
(After a while,teacher checks the answer with the whole class.)
S8:Because she and her husband were invited to a ball at the palace.
S9:Because her husband was the only person in his office who was invited and they felt excited.She thought she should wear an evening dress and some jewellery.
S10:Because they were very poor and couldn't afford to buy both the evening dress and the necklace.Her husband suggested that she should buy an evening dress and borrow some jewellery from one of her friends.
S11:Mathilde remembered Jeanne married a rich man and she went to her to borrow a necklace.
(After students answer the question,teacher gives them the proper answer.)
T:Yes.You are doing well.Because Mathilde and her husband…Now let's continue to read the third scene and find out the answers to the questions on the screen.
5.What happened on their way home after the ball?
6.What did they do for Jeanne?
7.What did they do in order to pay back the debt?
(Teacher gives the students another five minutes to read and discuss:Then check the answers before class.)
T:Are you ready to answer the questions?Who'd like to answer them?
S12:5.After the ball,on their way home that night,Mathilde found that the necklace was not around her neck any more.She told Pierre.They returned to the palace to look for it and asked everyone but couldn't find it.
S13:6.They borrowed money to buy Jeanne a diamond necklace.The necklace looked exactly like the lost necklace,but it cost them thirty-six thousand francs.
S14:7.In order to pay back all the money they both worked day and night for ten years.
Step Ⅵ. Language points
T:Now,you've known the general idea of the passage.Let's listen to the tape.Meanwhile,please find out the words,expressions and sentence patterns that you don't understand.
(After a while,teacher asks three students to point them out in each scene.Teacher writes some of them on the blackboard.)
(Bb:I don't think I know you times,to live in,for the last ten years,after all,matter,continue,to do/doing sth.,call on,try on,pay back,pay off,be worth,not any more,at the most,at the palace)
T:Now put the phrases into Chinese and try to make a sentence with each of them.
(Teacher asks students to make sentences before class and gives the examples on the screen.)
T:Please look at the examples on the screen.(Teacher shows them on the screen.)
1.I don't think you two have met,have you?
I don't expect Tom has eaten all the cakes.
I don't suppose I shall be back until 8 o'clock.
2.Times have been good since 1980.
3.I have a house to live in.
4.He has been in Beijing for the past five years.
5.He said he would not come in,but he came in after all.
6.It doesn't matter whether he will come.(v.)
Does it matter if he won't come?
There is something the matter with the machine.
What's your matter?
7.They continued to watch/watching us.
8.Brown called on an old friend while he was in the city.
9.She tried on several pairs of shoes before she found the one she liked.
10.In order to pay back the money that we had borrowed,we had to work hard.
We worked hard so that we paid off all the money that we had borrowed.
11.The book is well worth reading.
The problem is not worth discussing.
(Teacher asks some students to read these sentences and translate them into Chinese.At the same time,teacher asks students to pay attention to the usages of the under lined parts.)
T:In the fifth sentence,“after all”is used.Do you know the differences between“after all,in all,and above all”?
Ss:We are not sure about them.
T:OK.Now look at some examples on the blackboard.From the sentences,you can understand their difference.Please tell me their meanings.
(Bb:1)There are 58 students in our class in all.
2)I know he hasn't finished the work,after all,he is busy.
3)We never waste anything,and above all never waste time.
4)You can see I'm right after all.)
Step Ⅶ. Post-reading
T:Now listen to the tape again.This time you should pay attention to your pronunciation and intonation.
(Teacher plays the tape.After that,teacher gives students a few minutes to read the text aloud.At last students do an exercise for consolidation.)
T:Now suppose Mathilde returned to the palace where the ball was held to ask about the necklace.She answered some questions asked by the workers in the palace please read these sentences and match them.
(After a while,teacher checks the answers with them.)
Suggested answers:
1.E 2.C 3.B 4.F 5.A 6.D
Step Ⅷ. Summary and Homework
T:Today we've read a play and known what happened to Mathilde for the last ten years.And we've learned many important phrases and sentence patterns,such as…(pointing at them on the Bb.)After class,imagine how Mathilde's husband felt when she came back to tell him about her meeting with Jeanne and write a scene to continue the story in pairs.That's all for this class.Good-bye.
Step Ⅸ. The Design of the Writing on the Blackboard
Unit 15 The necklace
The Second Period
1.Words:times,matter(v.)
2.Phrases:for the past ten years,
continue to do/doing sth.
call on,try on,pay back,pay off,
be worth sth./doing sth.
3.Sentence Patterns:I don't think I know you a small cold room to live in.
Step Ⅹ.Record after Teaching
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
The Third Period
Teaching Aims:
1.Review the words learnt in the last period.
2.Review the phrases learnt before.
3.Learn and master the usages of the Modal
verbs:must,can/could,may/might expressing“certain,possible or impossible”.
Teaching Important Points:
Learn and master the usages of the Modal
verbs which express“certain,possible or impossible”.
Teaching Difficult Points:
1.The usages of the Modal verbs“can”and“could”.
2.How to use the Modal verbs correctly.
Teaching Methods:
1.Review method to consolidate the words learnt.
2.Inductive and Deductive methods to help the students master what they've learned .
3.Individual,pair or group work to make every student work in class.
Teaching Aids:
1.a slide projector
2.a computer for multimedia use
Teaching Procedures:
Step Ⅰ. Greetings
Greet the whole class as usual.
Step Ⅱ. Revision
T:In the last period we read a play.Now we've known something about Mathilde.But when she heard what Jeanne said,how did she feel?What about her husband?I'll ask some pairs to act out the play you've made up.
S1:…
S2:…
Step Ⅲ. Word Study
T:Thanks for your play and your performance.Now open your books on Page 14.Let's do the first part of word study.Write a word according to the first letter and the meaning of the word or phrase given.If you have any difficulty,you can turn to a dictionary or discuss it with your partner.
(Teacher gives the students one or two minutes to do it.Then check the answers.)
Suggested answers:
1.continue(to go on)
2.ball(dancing party)
3.recognize(to know again someone or something you have met before)
4.diamond(a very hard,precious stone)
5.jewellery(beautiful things that are usually made of valuable metal or stone)
(Teacher gives students some time to read them aloud and try to remember them.)
T:Now we shall have a test about the words we've learned.I'll ask some pairs to come in front of class.One student reads the meanings;the other one says the words.Are you clear about that?(Ss:Yes.)Which pair comes here first?
T:Well done.We've also learnt many phrases in the last period.Let's review them now.Please look at the phrases on the screen.
because of,after all,continue to,call on,bring out,try on,pay off,be worth,pay back,day and night,at the most,at all,not…any more,be dressed,be valuable,be married to
(Teacher asks some students to translate the phrases above into Chinese.)
T:Now let's do an exercise.(Teacher shows an exercise on the screen.)
Fill in the blanks with one of the phrases we've reviewed.
1.She had to take up several jobs to___________her debts.
2.People used to drink the water in the lake,but now they can't do that________because of the pollution from the factory.
3.They had to work_________to make enough money for buying a house.
4.Peter wore his new ring when he went to_______his mother.
5.The company's new jewellery is not that expensive.A diamond ring costs yuan_____.
6.There was no way he could_________the money he borrowed from his father on time.
7.Emma is a vegan and does not eat any animal products__________.
8.What do you think of the film?It__________seeing again.
9.You can't decide whether you'll take the coat until you__________it__________.
10.Young people should read more books.Good books__________to us.
11.Those who will put on performance__________in beautiful clothes.
12.Mr.White__________his wife for 15 years.
T:Please fill in the blanks with one of the phrases given.Pair work or group work.Some minutes later.I'll check the answers with you.
Suggested answers:
1.pay off
2.any more
3.day and night
4.call on
5.at the most
6.pay back
7.at all
8.is worth
9.try on
10.are valuable
11.are dressed
12.has been married to
Step Ⅳ. Grammar and Practice
T:OK.Now listen to me carefully.I'll tell you an interesting story.A long time ago,there was an old woman in a village.She had two children.One was called Xiao Ming,the other Xiao Jun.One day the old woman was very puzzled.She had some cakes in the kitchen but every night one of her children was eating them.She thought it was Xiao Ming or Xiao Jun.(Show a picture of Xiao Ming on the screen.)This is Xiao Ming.He is very tall.(Show a picture of Xiao Jun on the screen.)And this is Xiao Jun.He is very short.The woman had an idea.She put the cakes on a high shelf.The next day,someone had eaten some of the cakes.“Ah!”said the woman.“It can't be Xiao Jun.He's too short.It must be Xiao Ming!”She was very angry with Xiao Ming.Poor Xiao Ming,in fact,he didn't eat the cakes.It was Xiao Jun.How?Can you guess?Yeah.He must have used a chair or something else.(Bb:It can't be Xiao Jun.It must be Xiao Ming.In fact,it was Xiao Jun.He must have used a chair.)Do you understand my story?
Ss:Yes.
T:Look at the sentences on the blackboard.Here we use“can't”and“must”.Who can tell me how to use them?
S7:When we are very sure of something,we use “must”in positive sentences and“can't or cannot”in negative sentences.
T:Do you agree with him?(Ss:Yes.)You are right.Now you've known the usages of“must”and“can't”.Let's do an exercise to practise it.Look at the screen.
Complete the sentences using“must”or“can't”.
1.I have tried to call him at the office but there is no reply.He__________be at home.
2.They have bought a new car.They__________have a lot of money.
3.She is carrying a Japanese newspaper.She__________be Chinese.
4.He goes abroad a lot.He__________have an important job.
5.She is a professor at the university.She__________be very clever.
6.She is acting in a Shakespeare play tomorrow.She__________be an actress.
Suggested answers:
1.can't 2.must 3.can't
4.must 5.must 6.must
T:Now you have known when we are very sure of something,we use“must”or“can't”.But what word shall we use when we think something is possible,but not very sure?Look at the sentences on the screen.
1.You could borrow some jewellery from your friend Jeanne who is married to a rich man.
2.You may not know that the necklace I returned isn't the one that I had borrowed.
3.Do you have a friend who might/may lend you some jewellery?
(Teacher asks one or two students to sum up the usages of“may,might and could”.
S8:From the sentences,we can see in positive sentences we use“could,may or might”and in negative sentences we use“may not/might not”.
T:Yes.But when we want to ask a question,what modal verbs shall we use to express“possible”?
S9:I think we should use“can,may,could,might”.
S10:I don't agree with him.I think we only use“can or could”.
T:OK.You are right.Can you give me an example?
S10:Yes.For example:Li Ping isn't here.Where can/could he be now?
(Teacher writes the sentence on the Bb.)
T:Well done.Now let's do the exercise on Page 15.Before doing it,you should read the example.Then have a discussion with your partner.After a while,I'll check the answers.
(Teacher gives students a few minutes to do it and then checks the answers.)
Suggested answers:
1.must 2.must 3.may/might/could 4.can/could 5.can/could 6.must
Step Ⅴ.Consolidation
T:Now let's do another two exercises to consolidate what we've just learned.Look at the screen and read the sentences on it to see which modal verb you should choose.Pair work.
Ex.1:Complete the sentences with modal verbs.
A:Look.Someone is coming.Who__________it be?
B:It__________be the headmaster.
A:It__________be him.He has gone to Zhengzhou.
B:It___________be Mr.Zhang.He looks exactly like the headmaster.
Ex.2.Rewrite the sentences using the modal verbs.
1.Is it possible that she is in the kitchen?
2.It is impossible that it will rain.
3.Perhaps he will tell you tomorrow.
4.I'm sure my father is at work now.
5.I'm sure our physics teacher is not in the lab.
Suggested answers:
Ex.1.can,may,can't,must
Ex.2.1.Can/Could she be in the kitchen?
2.It can't/couldn't rain.
3.He may/might tell you tomorrow.
4.My father must be at work now.
5.Our physics teacher can't be in the lab.
Step Ⅵ.Summary and Homework
T:Today we have reviewed the words and phrases we've learnt in the last period.And we've also learnt the usages of some modal verbs“can,may,must”express“guess”.When we are sure of something,in positive sentences we use“must”but in negative sentences we use“can't”.When we think something is possible but not very sure,in question form,we use“can”;in positive sentences we use“could/may/might”and in negative sentences,we use“may not or might not”.After class,you should review them.So much for this class.Class is over.
Step Ⅶ.The Design of the Writing on the Blackboard
Unit 15 The necklace
The Third Period
Grammar:Modal Verbs
It can't be Xiao Jun.He's too short.
It must be Xiao Ming.
In fact,it was Xiao Jun.He must have used a chair.
Li Ping isn't here.Where could/can he be now?He could/may/might be in the dormitory.
Step Ⅷ.Record after Teaching
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_____________________________________
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The Fourth Period
Teaching Aims:
1.Review the useful expressions in this unit.
2.Do some exercises to review the Modal verbs expressing“guess”.
3.Do some reading and learn something about plays.
4.Do some writing and learn to make up plays.
Teaching Important Points:
1.Read the text and learn the differences and similarities between TV shows,computer games and plays.
2.Learn to write plays in English.
Teaching Difficult Point:
Improve the students' integrating skills--reading skill and writing skill.
Teaching Methods:
1.Fast reading to go through the reading material.
2.Discussion in pairs to answer the questions.
3.Discussion in groups to finish the writing task.
Teaching Aids:
1.a slide projector
2.a computer for multimedia use
Teaching Procedures:
Step Ⅰ. Greetings
Greet the whole class as usual.
Step Ⅱ. Revision
T:Yesterday we learnt the Modal verbs which express“guess”.Who can tell me which modal verbs are used to express“guess”?
S1:I'll try.I think“can,may,must”can be used to do so.
S2:“could”and“might”can also be used to express guess.
T:You are quite right.Now please look at the screen.Let's do the exercise on it.You can prepare it for a few minutes first.Then we'll check the answers.
(Teacher shows the exercise on the screen.)
Choose the best answers to complete the following sentences:
1.I thought you__________like something to read.
So I have brought you some books.
A.ought B.might
C.could D.must
2.-That man must be Sarah's husband.
-No,he __________be her husband.She is still single.
A.can't B.mustn't
C.may not D.ought to
3.Peter__________come with us tonight,but he isn't very sure.
A.must B.may
C.can D.will
4.-What__________it be?
-It__________be a mail box,for it is moving.It __________be a car.
A.can;can't;must B.can;can;must
C.can;mustn't;must D.must;mustn't;can
5.-Look,someone is coming.Guess__________.
-Jack.He's always on time.
A.who can it be B.who he may
C.who he can be D.who it can be
Suggested answers:
1.B 2.A 3.B 4.A 5.D
Step Ⅲ.Reading
T:I often watch TV shows.Some of them are very instructing.I can learn a lot from them.Do you watch TV shows?
S3:I'd like to watch them,but I have no time,because I have a lot of homework to do.I only watch TV on Saturday or Sunday.
T:S4,do you often see a film or a play?
S4:Sometimes I go to see films with my classmates.Seldom do I go alone.But I don't like to see a play.
T:What else do you like to do in your spare time?
S4:I like reading and playing football.First of all,I like playing computer games best.…
T:Today we'll learn a new text.Now open your books on Page 15.In this text Mrs Brown says that plays are like TV shows and computer games.Please read it quickly and find out their similarities.
(Teacher gives students time enough to prepare.Then asks some students to give the answers.)
Suggested answers:
1.TV,plays and computer games all have charecters playing different roles and acting out a story.
2.TV shows and plays both tell a story.We can watch actors perform the action of the story and they also speak lines written like the dialogue in a play.
T:OK.You are right.In the text,perhaps there are a few sentences which are hard to understand.Look at the screen.
1.I don't like plays that much.
2.Since we do know a lot about plays,why don't we try writing a play of our own.
3.…writing a simple play is not that difficult,and besides,we have to start somewhere if we want to learn how to write plays.
4.…we might come up with a very good story.
T:Please pay attention to the words and phrases underlined.In the first sentence,“that”means“so”.In the second sentence,“do”is used to emphasize;“try writing”means:attempt and do sth. as a possible way.And in the third sentence,“besides”is also adverb and means“also,in addition”.In the last sentence,“come up with”means“think of;produce”.Now do you understand them?(Ss:Yes.)Look at some examples on the screen.
1.It wasn't that good,actually.
2.They do watch TV after supper.
3.If the car won't start,try pushing it.
4.I don't want to go;besides,I'm too tired.
5.They have come up with a solution to the problem.
T:Please put them into Chinese.Think them over and then give us the answers.
(Teacher asks a few students to translate the sentences and corrects the mistakes they make.)
Suggested answers:
1.实际上，它并没有那么好。
2.晚饭后他们的确看电视。
3.如果小汽车发动不了，试着推一推。
4.我不想去，还有，我也太累了。
5.他们想出了一个解决问题的办法。
Step Ⅳ. Discussion
T:Now you have known the general idea of the text.Please look at the first three questions on Page 16.Let's have a discussion to answer them.You are divided into three groups to prepare them.One group,one question.Then I'll ask some students to give us their ideas.(Teacher gives students a few minutes to do it.At the same time,teacher goes among them and join them in the discussion.At last,teacher asks some students to talk about their ideas.
Sample answers:
1.TV shows,computer games and plays all have particular scenes.But the characters and stories in TV shows look more real while the ones in plays are boasted.The ones in computer games are imagined.
2.In real life we can act different roles,such as,a student,a son,a daughter,a brother,a sister and so on.Different roles act in different ways.
3.I agree life is like theatre.I think theatre comes from life and it is a reflection of life.But at the same time theatre is boasted.
Step Ⅴ.Writing
T:OK.We have read many dialogues and stories.Also we have read plays in this unit.Now,please write a short play using Jenny's story or Sara's story.Before writing,please look at the tips on the screen.It's of great help to your writing.
Tips of writing a short play:
1.Talk to the other students in your group and decide what the action of the play should be.Write an outline of the plot.
2.Decide what each person should be like.Make a short list of his or her qualities-is he or she shy,friendly,happy,sad,scared or brave.
3.Write down the dialogue.
4.Decide which role each group member will play.
(Teacher reads them and explains the words:outline,plot,quality.)
T:Now please write a short play on a piece of paper in groups.Then I ask some groups to act it out in front of the class.
(Ten minutes later,teacher asks students to perform their plays).
Sample play:
(Sara___________A,A girl___________B)
(Sara is on her way to school.A girl is walking towards her.)
A:(Saying to herself)My God!Who is that girl?She looks exactly like me.
B:Hello,Sara.
A:Sorry,I don't think I know you.Who are you?Why do you look exactly like me?
B:Would you like me to be a member of your family?
A:Of course you are welcome.I'm the only daughter in my family.I'm looking forward to a sister.If you join us,we can study together and do other things together.
B:How can others tell me from you?
A:I'm Sara.You are Sally,OK?
B:Where are you going?
A:To school.Would you like to go with me?
B:Let's go together.
(They walks together to school.)
Step Ⅵ.Test
T:In this unit we have also learned some important verbs and some useful expressions.Have you remembered them?
Ss:Yes.
T:OK.Now let's review them together.I say them in Chinese;you say them in English.
(Teacher writes them on the blackboard when students say them.)
(Bb:know,recognize,accept,continue,marry,receive,match,call on,be worth,pay back,pay off,try on,at the most,after all,without luck,at the ball…)
T:Now I'll give you a test about them to see whether you've mastered them or not.Look at the screen,please.
Fill in the blanks with the proper words.
1.At the airport I could hardly__________Mary,one of my classmates because she had changed so much.
2.At the end of ten hard years,the couple__________their debts.
3.In his fifties,Karl Marx__________to learn Russian by himself.
4.The government__________the people to fight against pollution.
5.Have you decided__________or refuse the invitation?
6.I think her clothes__________her perfectly.
7.The passenger was tired and walked more slowly,but he got home__________.
8.She asked her daughter to__________the new dress.
9.The football match was put off__________the heavy rain.
10.His careless driving__________him his life last year.
Suggested answers:
1.recognize 2.paid off 3.continued 4.calls on 5.to accept6.match 7.after all 8.try on 9.because of 10.cost
T:In this unit we've also learnt the modal verbs which express“guess”.Please complete the sentences with modal verbs.Look at the screen.
Complete the sentences with modal verbs.
1.She speaks English like an American,she__________be from the USA.
2.They were forced to leave their homeland.They__________feel sad.
3.She was taken to hospital for an operation.She__________be badly hurt
4.I rang her up this morning,but there was no reply.She__________be in.
5.Look!An accident over there!Some people__________be hurt.
6.The animal doesn't move.It looks dead.
It__________be alive.
7.He got full marks in the English test.He__________be very happy.
Suggested answers:
1.must 2.must 3.must 4.couldn't 5.may/might 6.can't 7.must
Step Ⅶ.Summary and Homework
T:In this class,we've received the useful expressions learnt in this unit and the grammar-the Modal verbs for“guess”.You must master them.And we've also learned how to write simple plays.After class,you'll review the contents in the whole unit.So much for today class is over.
Step Ⅷ.The Design of the Writing on the Blackboard
Unit 15 The necklace
The Fourth Period
Verbs:know,recognize,accept,continue,marry,cost,receive,match
Phrases:call on,be worth,pay back,pay off,try on,at the most,after all,without luck,at the ball
Step Ⅸ.Record after Teaching
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The Fifth-Sixth Period
Modal Verbs(Ⅱ)
Teaching Aims:
1.Review the usages of modal verbs which express“guess”.
2.Sum up the situations of modal verbs which express“guess”.
Teaching Important Points:
How to correctly use modal verbs which express“guess”.
Teaching Difficult Points:
How to correctly choose modal verbs which express“guess”in different situations.
Teaching Aids:
1.a projector and some cards
2.a computer for multimedia use
Teaching Methods:
1.Review method to master the usages of modal verbs which express“guess”.
2.Inductive method and comparative method to master important and difficult points.
Teaching Procedures:
Step Ⅰ.Greetings
Greet the whole class as usual.
Step Ⅱ.Revision
T:In this unit,we have learned the usages of modal verbs which express“guess”.Now let's have a little quiz.Look at the screen.There are three sentences on the screen.According to these situations,write another three sentences,using“must/might/may/could/can't”.
(Teacher shows the following three sentences on the screen and asks students to write down their answers on the paper.)
1.Perhaps the theatre will be full.
2.I'm sure that necklace is valuable.
3.I'm sure the medicine isn't in the cupboard.
(After two minutes.)
T:Are you ready?(Ss:Yes.)Now,please read your sentences to the class.Any volunteers?
S1:I think“perhaps”is an important word.So the first sentence is:The theatre might/may/could be full.
S2:The sencond sentence is:That necklace must be valuable.
S3:The third sentence is:The medicine can't be in the cupboard.
T:Well done.From these sentences we can know if we are sure about something,we can use“must”in positive sentences and“cannot or can't”in negative sentences.When we are not very sure about our guess,we can use“might,may and could”for possibility.Now let's sum up the situations of medal verbs which expresses “guess”.
Step Ⅲ.Summary of the usage of modal
verbs which express “guess”.
T:All right.Look at the form on the screen.
(Teacher shows the following form on the screen,and then begins to explain.)
T:In positive sentences,if we are sure about some situation,we can use“must”to express“certain”,in Chinese“想必，准”.That is to say,if we are sure about the present situation,we can use“must+v.”;if we are sure about the present continuous situation,we can use“must be doing”;if we are sure about the situation which has already happened,we can use“must have+p.p.”,but we can't use“mustn't”to express“guess”,because“mustn't”means“forbid”.For example,look at the blackboard.
(Teacher writes the following sentences on the Bb.)
(Bb:Where is Mary?-She must be in the library.Now he must be waiting for us at the school gate.It must have rained last night,for the ground outside is wet.)
T:In positive sentences,there is still another situation.If we are not sure about some situation,we can use“may/might”to express possible,in Chinese“可能”,but we can't use“can”.That is to say,if we are not sure about the present situation,we can use“may/might+v.”;if we are not sure about the present continuous situation,we can use“may/might+be doing”;if we are not sure about the situation which has already happened,we can use “may/might+have p.p.”.Look at the examples.
(Teacher writes the following on the Bb.)
(Bb:He may be at home.Let's go and see him.
It's nearly seven o'clock.Perhaps Jack may be watching CCTV news.
It may/might have rained during the night.)
T:In negative sentences,if we are sure about the present situation,we can use“can't+v.”;if we are sure about the past situation,we can use“can't/couldn't have+p.p.”In interrogative sentences;we can use “can/could+subject+v.…?”to guess the present situation;if we guess the past situation,we can use“can/could+subject+have+p.p.…?”Look at some examples.
(Teacher writes the following sentences on the blackboard.)
Step Ⅵ.Practice
T:Now let's do some exercises.Please look at the screen.
Ⅰ.Rewrite sentences using must/might/may/could/can't.
1.Perhaps we will have a good trip.
We__________have a good trip.
2.I'm sure it isn't made of gold.
It__________be made of gold.
3.Perhaps his girlfriend isn't in the hotel.
His girlfriend__________be in the hotel.
4.I'm sure that restaurant is a good one.
That restaurant__________be a good one.
5.Perhaps the train ticket is as expensive as the air ticket.
The train ticket__________be expensive as the air ticket.
Answers:
1.might/may/could 2.can't
3.may/might not 4.must
5.might/may/could
Ⅱ.Fill in the blanks using must/might/may/can/could and their negative forms.
1.-Could I borrow your dictionary?
-Yes,of course you__________.
2.She doesn't answer the bell.She__________be asleep.
3.The ground is wet.It__________have rained last night.
4.He is writing with a pencil.He__________have lost his pen.
5.A computer__________think for itself;it__________be told what to do.
6.There is much gas here,you__________smoke here.
7.-Was he present at the meeting?
-He__________not have attended it,for he was busy repairing his car all the time.
8.Look!An old man is lying in the middle of the street.He__________be hurt in an accident.
9.Nobody saw her at the meeting yesterday;she__________have spoken at the meeting.
10.-My goodness.I just missed the train.
-That's too bad.I am sure you__________have caught it,if you had hurried.
Suggested answers:
1.can 2.must 3.must 4.might 5.can't;must 6.mustn't 7.could 8.must 9.couldn't 10.could
Step Ⅴ.Homework
T:Today we have reviewed and learned the usages of modal verbs which express“guess”in positive sentences,interrogative sentences and negative sentences.They are all very important.I hope you'll often review them from now on.Here are five examination questions.Write them in your exercise-books.Finish them in time.Tomorrow I'll check the answers and ask you to tell me the reasons of your choices.Are you clear?
Ss:Yes.
T:OK.Look at the screen.After that,class is over.
Choose best answers:
1.-I saw Mary in the library yesterday.
-You__________her;she is still abroad.
A.mustn't see B.can't have seen
C.mustn't have seen D.couldn't see
2.David,you__________play with the valuable bottle;you__________break it.
A.won't;can't B.mustn't;may
C.should't;must D.can't;shouldn't
3.Susan refuses to marry Jack now.She__________her mind.
A.must change B.should have changed
C.must have changed D.would have changed
4.Sue__________come together with us tonight,but she isn't very sure yet.
A.must B.may
C.need D.will
5.Aunt Margaret__________the train,otherwise she would have arrived here by now.
A.must have missed B.should have missed
C.had missed D.might miss
Suggested answers:
1.B 2.B 3.C 4.D 5.A
Step Ⅵ.The Design of the Writing on the Blackboard
Unit 15 The necklace
The Fifth Period
1.Where is Mary?
-She must be in the library.
Now he must be waiting for us at the school gate.
It must have rained last night,for the ground outside is wet.
2.He may be at home.Let's go and see him.
It's nearly seven o'clock.Perhaps Jack may be watching CCTV news.
It may/might have rained during the night.
3.The boy is honest.He can't tell lies.
You can't have seen him at the party last night…
Can it be true?
Can he have left yesterday?
Step Ⅶ.Record after Teaching
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Reference for Teaching
一、异域风情
Drama
Britain is one of the world's major centres for theatre,and has a long and rich dramatic tradition.There are companies based in London and in many other cities and towns;in addition,numerous touring companies visit theatres,festivals and other venues,including arts and sports centres and social clubs.
Many contemporary British playwrights have received international recognition.
Britain has about 300 theatres intended for professional use which can seat between 200 and 2300 people.Some are privately owned,but most are owned either municipally or by non-profit-making organizations.Over 40 of these have resident theatre companies receiving subsidies from the Arts Councils and Regional Arts Boards.In summer there are also open air theatres,including one in London's Regent's Park and the Minack Theatre,which is on a clifftop near Land's End in Cornwall.
二、知识归纳
(一)I don't think that…
在含宾语从句的复合句中，按原句意思应放在从句中的否定词有时转移到主句
的谓语中，这种现象叫做否定转移(Transferred Negation)。主句中的谓语动词是think,believe,feel,suppose,guess,appear,seem,expect,imagine等表示“看法”“感觉”的动词时，常用否定转移。
e.g.I don't think(that)you need worry.
(I think you needn't worry.)
我认为你无须着急。
I don't believe(that)you two have met,have you?
(I believe you two haven't met.)
我相信你们俩还未见过面，是吗？
使用否定转移时，还须注意以下几点：
1.并不是所有表示“看法……感觉”的动词都能用于否定转移，如hope,trust,be afraid,fear等动词就不能用于这种形式。
2.下列情况，上述用于否定转移的动词也不宜用否定转移结构。
(1)上述动词意义发生变化时：
e.g.Let us suppose A doesn't equal B.
咱们假定A不等于B。
(2)当主句谓语有do,does等强调词时：
e.g.I do think you shouldn't go there.
我实在认为你不应该去那里。
(3)当主句中有情态动词或副词修饰时：
e.g.I can't believe that they are married.
我不相信他们结婚了。
I often think that I'm not fit for the job.
我常想我不适合这个工作。
(4)当句子以疑问句形式出现时：
Do you think that it is true?
你认为这不对吗？
(5)当主句谓语动词与另一个动词并列时：
e.g.I should not only think but also be sure that it won't rain tonight.
我不仅该认为而且该肯定今晚天不会下雨。
(6)当宾语从句中是not/never…too…(越……越好，无论怎样……也不过分)结构时，不能用否定转移结构，因为这时整个句子不是否定的，而是肯定的。
e.g.I think he can not do the work too well.
我想他干得越出色越好。
(7)当从句中含有every,all,both,each,many等词时：
e.g.I suppose both answers are not right.
I don't suppose both answers are right.
我不是认为两个答案都对。
3.从句中除not以外的否定词(如never,no,hardly,little,few,seldom,scarcely等)不能直接转移到主句中去。
e.g.I thought he had never come here. I never thought he had come here.
本句意是：I didn't think he had ever come here.
4.否定转移的句子构成反意疑问句时，如果主句的主语是第一人称，附加问句部分要与宾语从句取得一致。
e.g.I don't think that you can get there in time,can you?
我认为你不能及时到达那里，你能不能呢？
I think that they are coming tomorrow aren't they?
我认为他们明天来，对吗？
(二)cost的用法
1.vt.价值(多少钱)，需要(多少钱)；花费金钱，花费时间
e.g.How much does the book cost?
这本书需要多少钱？
My hat cost twenty dollars.
我的帽子价值二十美元。
The journey cost me more than 50 dollars/more than ten hours.
这次旅行花了我五十美元/十多个小时。
2.cost还可表示“使付出(代价)，使……失去……”。
e.g.It cost me a lot of work.
它使我付出了很多劳动。
Careless driving cost him his life.
开车不小心使他丧生。
The battle cost the king 2000 men.
这次战斗使国王损失了二千人。
3.cost作名词，“费用，成本，价钱”。
e.g.She just had to pay for the cost of food.
他只需付饭钱。
It was sold under cost price.
那个东西赔本卖掉了。
What's the cost of the car?
那辆汽车得花多少钱？
(三)情态动词表推测的用法归纳：
情态动词中的must,can,could,should,ought to,may,might等都表示推测。其中must的推测性最大；can/could(should/ought to)次之；may/might最小。must表推测时只用于肯定句中；can/could用于否定句、疑问句中；may/might用于肯定句、否定句中。下面就它们的具体用法进行讲解。
1.must的用法
(1)must可以对现在、现在进行的情况进行推测。
e.g.Judging by his accent,he must be from the south.
听他的口音，他一定是南方人。
此句的反意疑问句为：isn't it?(因must后是系动词be)
Tom bought a lot of apples.He must like eating apples.
汤姆买了很多苹果，他一定喜欢吃苹果。
此句的反意疑问句为：doesn't he?(因must后是实义动词like)
It is eleven o'clock at night and the lights are off.They must be sleeping now.
现在已经是深夜十一点且灯都关了，他们
Unit 1A 重点短语
1. 通过制作单词抽认卡
2. 通过制作单词表
3. 通过向老师求助
向老师求助
4. 通过听磁带
5. 通过看英文视频
6. 通过小组合作
小组合作
7. 和朋友联系对话
练习讲英语
练习做某事
练习发音（听力，打篮球，，）
8. 做什么是怎么样？
为什么不做某事？
让我们做某事吧！
9. 大声朗读、大声打电话
大声说话
用大的声音
10. 提高了我的口语（听力，阅读，写作）技巧
提高了我的英语水平
11. 做某事最好的方法是做什么
12. 有明确的建议
13. 向某人做有关，，，的调查
向老师求助
问有关，，，的问题
问老师问题
我可以问你几个问题吗
14. 观察到某人正在做某事
观察到某人做某事的过程
15. 发现看电影令人沮丧
发现某人（某事，做某事）怎么样
16. 得到大量的练习
17. 以讲汉语结束
以做某事结束
18. 对某事（做某事）激动
19. 做有关，，，的调查
20. 犯错误
21. 记大量的语法笔记
记笔记
22. 使发音准确
23. 首先
开始时
后来
24. 没关系
有关系，
25. 不敢做某事
担心或恐怕做某事
担心，，，
恐怕不是这样的
26.做大量的听力练习
27.成为好的语言学习者 秘诀之一
做某事的秘诀之一
28.用正在学的语法写自己的新颖的句子
29.喜欢学英语
喜欢做某事
30.某人对，，，感动
31造完整的句子有困难
做某事有困难
32.写下来
33.在字典里查阅他们
照看
寻找
小心
向上看
向下看
34.加入英语俱乐部
35.编排对话
36.帮助某人理解，，，
帮助某人做某事
37.处理，对付
38.担心
39.对某人生气
40.看见某人正在做某事
41.解决一个问题
问一个问题
问题的解决方案
为题的答案
42.把问题当做挑战
把她当做好朋友
把，，，当做，，，
43.把问题变成挑战
把，，，，变成，，，
44.做某事是某人的责任
45.金某人最大的努力做某事
46.在老师的帮助下
在他的帮助下
47.通过想起更糟糕的事情
考虑；认为
想起
48.更糟糕的事情
重要的事
没趣的事
不同寻常的是吗？
49.把A比作B（不同类）
把A和B比较（同类）
50.中断一段友情
51.履行他的责任
52.看心理医生
53.通过用乐观的方式考虑问题
54.身体残疾
55.作为年轻人
56.有分歧
57.持续很长时间
58.学会做某事
59.因为一件小事生几年的气
60.用英语
62.在全世界
63.他的英语提高了很多
64.这个学期得了一个A
65.讲英语的朋友
英语口语
66.嘲笑我
67.在语法上
68.学语法
69.讲得太快
70.学很多
71.也许这个答案对了
72.丢了某人或某物
某人或某物丢了
B 重点句型
1.动词的形式
1）通过做某事
2）做什么是怎么样？
3）为什么做某事？
4）练习做某事
5)理解这些声音太难了
做某事太难了
做某事怎么样
6）他认为做某事是一种很棒的方法
7）他说做某事有点帮助
他认为做某事有点帮助
8）他说做某事最好的方法是通过做某事
9）学会做某事
10）已经做了什么事
11）他一直在学英语已经六年了并且他真的喜欢它
一直在做某事
12）开始做某事
13）决定做某事
2、你为什么不加入英语俱乐部来练习讲英语？
为了或来做某事（做目的状语）可放句首或句末或be动词后
为了学好英语，他每天大声朗读。
他每天大声朗读来学好英语
他每天大声朗读是为了学好英语。
3.我没有一个一起练习英语的伙伴。
我没用来写字的钢笔
我有一间住在里面的房子
4. 但是我有一些好的想法可以帮助你
定语从句三部分：先行词（名词充当）+关系词(有时可以省略)+定语从句
5它可以影响我们和家人相处的方式
6.并且如果我们不处理我们的问题，我们可能很容易变得不高兴。
7随着时间的流逝，好的友情可能丢失
8.在老师的帮助下尽我们的最大努力来处理我们教育中的每一个挑战，
9.相反让我们面对挑战吧！
ON TEACHERS’ BOOK (1A) AND TEACHING TECHNIQUES
OUTLINES
OVERVIEW
TASK-BASED TEACHING/LEARNING
TEACHING ACTIVITIES
LEARNING ACTIVITIES
ASSESSMENT
TEACHING MATERIALS
OVERVIEW
Each unit is consisted of three parts
Teaching aims and demands
Suggested teaching notes
Supplementary reference materials
Teaching aims and demands
Topics
Understanding of the title and some goals
Example 1 (Unit One)
Title: Good friends
Goals: Talk about friends
Learn to make apologies
Write an e-mail
Topics: Talk about friends and friendship
Discuss problems occurring in a friendship and
suggest solutions
Write an e-mail to make an e-pal
Teaching aims and demands
Example 2 (Unit Twelve)
Title: Art and literature
Goals: Talk about art and literature
Review making decisions and giving opinions
Review the Attributive Clause
Topics: Talk about art and literature
Talk about artists, painters and writers
Tell stories
Make decision and give opinions
Teaching aims and demands
Function items
Understanding of Listening and/or Speaking
Example 1 (Unit One)
Listening:
Some friends discuss common problems that occur in a friendship.
Speaking:
Some students talk about likes and dislikes.
Function items:
Likes and dislikes
Making apologies
Teaching aims and demands
Example 2 (Unit Two)
Speaking:
The speaking exercise gives students the opportunity to practise communication skills that help them keep conversation going that may otherwise breaks down.
Function items:
Language difficulties in communication
--- Can you spell that, please?
--- Could you repeat that, please?
--- What do you mean by … ?
…
Teaching aims and demands
Vocabulary
Based on texts
New words (371 +176)
New expressions (77)
Teaching aims and demands
Grammar
Bases on Grammar
Functional description with grammar terms followed by one or two examples
Example 1 (Unit One)
直接引语和间接引语（1）
转述他人的叙述----陈述句
转述他人的疑惑----一般疑问句
转述他人的问题----特殊疑问句
Teaching aims and demands
Example 2 (Unit Nine)
现在进行时被动语态
用英语描述事物正受到某种影响或某种处理----使用现在进行时变动语态（is / are being + 过去分词）
用英语描述人物正受到某种影响或某种处理----使用现在进行时变动语态（is / am / are being + 过去分词）
Suggested teaching notes
教学内容分析
总体分析
包括中心话题、相关话题和语言
单项分析
包括内容介绍、目的分析
example
Suggested teaching notes
教学方法建议
Core task
Warming up
Listening
Speaking
Pre-reading
Reading
Post-reading
Language study (word & Grammar)
Integrating skills
Suggested teaching notes
Core Tasks
Based on topics/themes
Structured
Authentic
Example 1 (Unit One)
Work out standards of good friends
Introduce your good friend
Write an e-mail to find a e-pal
Make friends with your new classmates, roommates, teammates, close neighbour or others
Suggested teaching notes
Example 2 (Unite Three)
Plan a trip (especially, during National Day)
Work out some tips the trip
Design an eco-travel for the local tourism
Travel on holiday and write postcards or travel notes
Suggested teaching notes
Warming up
Keep Warming up in mind
Stimulating
Brainstorming
Example 1 (Unit One)
Example 2 (Unit Four)
Suggested teaching notes
Listening
Step by step (in two aspects)
(1) in skills----planned
In Book 1A, we should help students concentrate their mind while listening, and then remember what they hear
(2) in procedure----programmed
Pre-listening (warming up)
Listening (with purpose)
Post-listening (extension)
Suggested teaching notes
Example 1 (Unit One)
Example 2 (Unit Nine)
Suggested teaching notes
Speaking
MMC drill/practice pattern. In TB, more attention is paid on C
Enough time
The whole class (single, pair, group, class work, etc)
Situation
Example 1 (Unit One)
Example 2 (Unit Two)
Suggested teaching notes
Pre-reading
Warming up in background
Semi-control and/or un-control
Open-end
Example 1 (Unit One)
Example 2 (Unit Two)
Suggested teaching notes
Reading
Step by step (in skills)
In Book 1A, we should help students in skimming, scanning, guessing and summing up, etc.
Level by level (in internalization)
Surface meaning
Deep meaning
For pleasure
Example 1 (Unit One)
Example 2 (Unit Seven)
Suggested teaching notes
Post-reading
Deepening comprehension of topics
Extension
All kinds of activities
Example 1 (Unit One)
Example 2 (Unit Three)
Suggested teaching notes
Language study
Word study
understanding the meaning in context, and by suffix and prefix
Lexical chunk
Grammar
Discovering
MMC
Example 1 (Unit One)
Example 2 (Unit Four)
Suggested teaching notes
Integrating skills
Reading
As extensive reading material
As sample for writing
Writing
Step by step
Criteria for writing and evaluating
Example 1 (Unit One)
Example 2 (Unit Four)
Suggested teaching notes
教学评价建议
Self-assessment
Based on goals
Peer assessment
Mainly about students’ learning itself
Self-testing
Focusing on form, including words and grammar
Example 1 (Unit One)
Example 2 (Unit Four)
Supplementary reference materials
Supplementary notes
For teachers, but not for students
Background
For teachers
TASK-BASED TEACHING/LEARNING
Focus on form Focus on meaning
Non-communicative learning
Pre-communicative language practice
Communicative language practice
Structured communication
Authentic communication
TEACHING ACTIVITIES
Step by step (procedure)
Pre-activities
Warm up in form and meaning
Break any chain
Activities
Control, semi-control, un-control (MMC)
Surface structure and deep structure and others
Post-activities
Consolidation
Extension
Development
LEARNING ACTIVITIES
Working form
Single work
Pair work
Group work
Class work
LEARNING ACTIVITIES
Interaction form
Teacher-student interaction
Student-student interaction
Student-teacher interaction
ASSESSMENT
Checklist
System
Self-assessment
Peer assessment
Teacher’s assessment
TEACHING MATERIALS
Textbook
Extended materials
Understanding of materials
The world around
Unit 1
词汇：
1、join v.参加；加入 2、or conj.或者,否则
3、tell stories/tell a story 讲故事4、speak English 讲英语
5、I can dance/swim/sing/paint/draw (can 后接动词原形)
7、English club art club music club chess club swimming club story –telling club
8、busy 忙碌的 free 空闲的 9. musician n.音乐家
10. teach v教，讲授 11. write v.写作，写字
12、also 也（肯定句句中） too 也 (肯定句句尾) either 也不 （否定句句尾）
13、show n.演出;表演 We wanted students for the school show.
v.展示； Come and show us .
14、Old people’s home
16、.be good at 擅长… be good with 与…相处得好
18、make friends 交朋友 on the weekend/on weekends 在周末
19、help(sb.)with sth. 在某方面帮助（某人） help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事
20、play the guitar/violin/drums/piano (乐器前面加the)
play basketball/football play chess/jigsaw, (球类前面不加the)
句型：
1. -Can you swim? 情态动词can 的用法 3. -What club do you want to join?
-Yes,I can./ No, I can’t. -I want to join the music club.
2. -Can she speak English? 4. -What can you do?
-Yes,she can./ No, she can’t. - I can dance.
5.You are good at telling stories.（be good at sth/doing sth 擅长…）
6. Are you good with old people? (be good with 善于应付…..)
7.Can you play the guitar or dance?（选择疑问句，不用Yes 或No 回答）
8.Please talk to Mr Zhang after school.（talk to/with sb和某人谈话, talk about sth谈论某事）
9.We need you to help with sports for English-speaking students
need sth 需要某事 need(sb) to do 需要（某人）去做某事
help (sb) with sth help sb (to) do sth
词汇辨析;
1. speak 说某种语言 2.swimming pool 动词ing形式
say 后接说话的内容 English –speaking student做定语放在
talk 谈话，talk to /with sb talk about sth story-telling club名词的前面
tell 告诉 tell sb sth./tell sth to sb
Eg: What do you want to ? Please me your name.
I can English. I don’t want toto him.
unit 2
词汇：
1.Never
2.Job n,工作，可数名词 work n,工作，不可数；v 工作
3.Get up 起床 go to school 去上学 get dressed 穿衣服 brush teeth 刷牙
eat breakfast/lunch/dinner/supper吃早/中/晚饭 have/take a shower 洗淋浴
take a walk 散步 go to bed 睡觉 go home 回家 get home 到家
do one’s homework 做家作
4.radio station 广播电台radio show 广播节目
5.on school days 在学校日 healthy life 健康的生活
6.get up early 起得早 eat breakfast quickly 吃得快
7.a lot of = lots of 许多 即修饰可数又修饰不可数名词 either…or.. 要么…要么…
句型：
1.What time do you usually get up ? what time提问，必须用具体的时间回答，即“点钟”或“几点几分”
I usually get up at six thiry in the morning .在点钟前用at
When does Scott go to work？ When 提问既可以用具体时间回答，也可用不具体时间回答
He always goes to work at eleven o’clock.
2.From twelved o’clock to six o’clock in the morning.
2.That’s a funny time for breakfast.那个时间吃早饭真有意思哦！ For+ 一日三餐 意为“吃…饭”
3.I’m never late for work.
4.In the evening, I either watch TV or play computergames.
She knows it’s not good for her,but it tasts good!
I usually exercise from six fifteen to seven.
语法：
1. 介词at,in,on表示时间的用法：
at 常用于时刻前或一些固定的习惯用语中，at nine o’clock, at night, at noon ,at half past ten
in 用于在月份、季节、年份等前面，也可表示在早中晚上，in May, in summer, in the morning/afternoon/evening,
on用于具体某一天或某一天的早中晚上，如在日期、星期几、节日前，on November 1st
on Monday on Children’s Day
2. 时刻的表达：
整点的表达：六点 six o’clock 6:00
几点几分的表达：
顺读法:先读小时再读分钟5:10 five ten 11:30 eleven thirty 8：46 eight forty six
逆读法:借助to 和past,先读分再读小时 8:05 five past eight 6:10 ten past six
11:50 ten to twelve 1:58 two to two
Unit 3
词汇：
Take the train/bus/subway/taxi bus ride公交车车程 go on a ropeway乘坐索道
come true实现 think of 认为 Bus stop 公交车站
One Hundred and five 一百零五 two hundred几百时hundred 不加“s ”hundreds of 成百上千
between…and… 在…和…之间 get to school 达到学校 have to 不得不
句型：
How do you get to school? How 对交通方式提问，回答分三种：
（1）take a/the +表示交通工具的名词。I take a bus to school.
（2）by +表示交通工具的名词 I go to school by bike
（3）on/in+限定词+表示交通工具的名词 I go to school on my bike.
（4）动词walk/ride/drive/fly +to+地点名词 I ride（ my bike）to school.
How does she get to school? She usually takes the bus.
2.How long does it take to get home? It takes …. How long 对一段时间提问，Take 花费
3.How far is it from…to…? It’s about…
4. For many students,it is easy to get to school. It is +adj+to do sth
5.There is a very big river between their school and the village.
6.He is like a father to me.他对我来说，就像父亲一样
7.One 11-year-old boy,crosses the river every school day.
Unit 4 Don’t eat in class.
词汇：
Dining hall 餐厅 wear a hat 戴帽子 eat outside 在外面吃 arrive /be late for迟到 family rules家规 class rules班规school rules校规too many+可数名词 太多 make (one’s) bed 铺床 think about make rules 制定规则 follow rules 遵守规定 on time准时 be/keep quiet 保持安静 do the dishes 洗碗碟go out 外出
be strict (with sb)（对某人）要求严格on school nights 在上学期间的晚上 practice the guitar练习弹吉他 get food for my grandfather为我爷爷拿食物 have fun 玩得开心
Keep one’s hair short 留短发leave 离开 leave sth sp 把某物遗留在某地
Learn to do 学会做某事 bring 带来 take 拿走
句型：
（否定祈使句）
Don’t arrive/be late for class. We can’t arrive/be late for class.
Don’t run in the hallways. We can’t arrive/be late for class.
Don’t listen to music.
Don’t fight.
Don’t leave the dirty dishes in the kitchen.
Don’t be noisy.
（二）肯定祈使句
Wear a uniform in the classroom. We have to /must wear a uniform in the class.
Practice the guitar on weekends.
3.What are the rules?
I have to keep my hair short. Keep +宾语+adj 使。。。保持状态
We must be on time for class.
4.Can we listen to music in the class?
5.I can’t relax either.
语法：in class 在课堂上/in the class 在班上
In hospital 在主要 in the hospital 在医院
2. 肯定的祈使句： 否定的祈使句
(1) 实义动词原形+其他；： (1) Don’t+实义动词+原形；
(2) be动词原形+形容词+其他； (2) Don’t be+形容词+其他；
(3) Let sb do sth. (3) Don’t let sb do sth
(4) No+Ving.
练：(1) My mother said to me, “Tom, _______ in bed.”
A. not read B. doesn’t read C. don’t read D. didn’t read
(2) Don’t __________ (fight). = No __________ (fight).
Unit 5 Why do you like pandas?
一、词汇
Kind of 有几分 be/come from来自 get lost 迷路 Sleep all day 睡一整天 save the elephants 挽救大象 one of Thailand’s symbol 泰国的标志之一 a symbol of good luck 好运的象征
In great danger处于极大的危险cut down 砍倒 lose their home 失去他们的家园 kill elephants for their ivory. Things made of ivory 有象牙制成的东西 over=more than 超出
句型：
1.Let’s see the monkeys first.
2.What animals do you like? I like tigers.(elephants/koalas/pandas/lions/giraffes)
3.Why do you like them? Because they’re kind of cute(interesting/cute/fun/smart/beautiful/friendly /shy)
4.Why don’t you like pandas? Because they’re really scary(lazy/boring)
5.Where are they from? They are from South Africa(China/America).
6.He can walk on two legs.
7.That’s a good name for her.
8.I like tigers a lot.
9.An elephant never forgets.
10.Elephants can walk for a long time and never get lost.er
11.They can also remember places with food and water.
12.Isn’t she cut? 否定疑问句
Unit 6 I’m watching TV
一、词组
Make soup 做汤 read a newspaper读报纸 talk on the phone在电话里聊天
use the computer用电脑go to the movies去看电影eat out 出去吃
drink tea 喝茶 swimming pool 游泳池 Meet at my home 在家会面
wash the dishes=do the dishes 洗碗碟 live with和…一起住 Dragon Boat Festival 龙舟节
Make zongzi 包粽子watch the boat race 看龙舟赛 living room 客厅
any other +可数名词单数（除自己本身之外）的任何一个
wish to do host family寄宿家庭 study for a test 为考试而学习
二、句型
What are you doing? I’m watching TV.
What is she/he doing? She/He is talking on the phone.
What are they doing?They are washing the dishes.
Do you want to join me for dinner?
Are you doing your homework?
See you tomorrow morning!
What time is it in Beijing?(Tokoy/New York/Sydney)
But there’s still no place like home.但是仍然没有地方想家那么好！
三、语法：现在进行时
现在进行时: 表示正在进行的、发生的动作
通常在句子中有以下的词：now, look, listen.
句子的结构如下： be （am /is/ are） +动词 ing
肯定句：be + doing 否定句：be not + doing 疑问句：Be + 主语 + doing？
如：肯定句：1. I am listening to the music now.
2. The students are drawing pictures now.
否定句：1.I am not (I’m not)listening to the music now.
2.The students are not(aren’t) drawing pictures now.
疑问句：
1. Listen! Is Amy singing? Yes,she is.\No, she isn’t.
2. What are they doing? They are (They’re) swimming.
（二）动词的ing形式有如下方法：
1. 在动词后直接加ing,如: go-going , wash-washing,fly-flying
2. 以不发音字母e结尾， 去掉e再加ing,如 ：drive-driving, ride-riding,skate-skating,make-making,have-having,write-writing,take-taking, dive-diving,dance-dancing,come-coming
3.双写双写末尾字母，再加ing,如：swim- swimming,run-running，get-getting,put-putting,set-setting
(三)口诀：现在进行时真有趣,be+“动词-ing”,直接、双写、去哑e,加-ing时须仔细。别看be词无词义,主语和它最亲密,am/is/are随主变,没有它便不成戏。be后如果加not,构成否定准没错,它若跑到主语前,一定是个疑问句。何时需用进行时,Look!Listen!Now看仔细!
练习：
1．Mr Zheng (read) a book now.
2. The rabbits(jump) now.
3.. Look ! Tom and John (swim).
4. My brother (make) a kite in his room now.
5. Look! The bus (stop).
6. Listen! Someone is (come).
7. What is he doing ?He (do) an experiment now.
8. Are they collegting leaves ?No,they’re not. They (collect) stamps now.
9. Where is your mother?She (answer) the phone.
Unit7
重点短语：
1. play computer games玩电脑游戏 at the park 在公园
2. sound like 听起来像 no problem 没问题
3. have a good time= have a great time=have fun=enjoy oneself 玩得开心
4. take a message捎个口信 give sb a message 捎口信给某人 leave a message 留口信
5. call sb.back给某人回电话 by the pool 在游泳池边
6. right now 现在；马上 drink orang juice 喝橙汁
7. have a great time doing sth. 做某事很开心 on a vacation 度假
8. summer school 暑期学习班 in the moutains 在山里
9. some of my old friends 我的一些老朋友write to sb. 给某人写信
10. study hard 努力学习 talk on the phone 通过电话交谈
11. just right for sth/doing sth.正好适合做某事eg: The book is just right for students in Grade 7.
重点句型：
1. How’s the weather(in…) ? = What’s the weather like (in…)?
It’s cloudy\sunny\rainy\raining\windy\snowing/snowyfoggy/icy
\dry\wet\cool\hot\cold\warm
2. Rick speaking = This is Rick=This is Rick speaking.= It’s Rick 我是瑞克。
打电话时询问对方是谁？用 who is that? 或Is that……？不能用who are you？ 或Are you…… ?
3. How’s it going?=How’s everything?情况怎样？
回答：Great \Not（too）bad\ pretty good/just so so/Terrible!/
4. Can I take a message for him? 我能给他捎个口信吗？
5. Could you just tell him to call me back？ 你能叫他给我回个电话吗？ Tell sb (not) to do sth
6. I’m having a great time visiting my aunt in Canada. 我正在加拿大愉快地拜访我的姨妈。
Have a great time (in) doing sth=have fun (in) doing sth=enjoy oneself (in ) doing sth
7.I’m so happy to see them again. 再次见到他们我是如此的高兴。Be happy to do sth
7. My family and I are on a vacation in the moutians.
8. What are you doing？ I’m cooking. What is he\she doing？He\She is ______.
9. What are they doing ? They’re______.
10. I want to call you but my phone isn’t working ,so I’m writing to you.
11. 反意疑问句： It’s hot in your country now, isn’t it?现在在你们国家很热，是吗？
反意疑问句，前部分为陈述句，后部分为简短问句。
Unit 8
重点短语:
1.地点词：post office/police station/hotel/restaurant/bank/hospital/street/pay pone/park
2.方位介词：across from 在……对面 in front of 在……前面 behind在……后面
next to 在旁边 between…and … 在……和……之间
3.on Green Street在桥街 near here=around here=in the neighborhood在附近
4.far from 离…远 on the (your)left/right
5.the first crossing 第一个十字路口 on the right/left 在右边/左边
6.go along=go down 沿着……走 turn left (at…) turn right (on…)
7.spend time 花时间 sb.spend some time on sth. 某人花时间在某事上
8.climb around到处跑 in life 一生中be free 免费的
9.look like 看起来像 enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事
10.
重点句型：
1.Is there a bank near here? Yes, there is . \No,there isn’t.
2. Are there any restaurants near here ? Yes ,there are .\No,there aren’t.
3.Where is the hotel\bank \park\post office\police station \hospital\ pay phone ? It’s __________.
4.Is it near the hospital? Yes ,it is. \No, it isn’t.
5.How can I help you ？= What can I help you？=Can I help you?需要我帮忙吗?
6.I love to watch the monkeys climbing around. Watch sb doing sth watch sb do sth
7.To get there,I usually wakl out and turn right on Bridge Road.
8.The best things in life are free.
9.It is very quiet and I enjoy reading there.
语法：
1.there be 表示存在，意为某地有某物。Be动词应与紧跟其后的主语的单复数形式保持一致。主语是不可数名词或可数名词单数时用is/was,主语是可数名词复数时用are/were。
2.若there be 结构中有几个并列的主语时，be动词的形式要和与它最近的主语的单复数形式保持一致。
There is a pen and two books on the desk.
There are two boys and a teacher over there.
3.there be 句型的一般疑问句：把be动词提到句首，句末用问号。其肯定回答用Yes, there be;否定回答用 No,there be not.
4.There be的否定是在be后加not。
Is there a bank near here? Yes, there is . \No,there isn’t.
There is not a hotel near here.
习题
一．单词（20分）
1.This is a very i_______ place. 3.What about ______(sing) this song in English?
4.There are a lot of _______(cloud) in the sky 5.Thank you for ________(teach) us so well.
6.The weather __________(be) windy today.
7.There are some students _________(study) in the classroom.
8.It’s five o’clock p.m. The boys ____________(play) volleyball.
9.W_____________ is from November to January in China.
10.The Smiths go to Hawaii on v____. 11.It’s rather h_____ in Wuhan in summer.
12.He’s w____________ black pants today.
15.It often s__________ in the north of China in winter.
16.They enjoy ______________(they) very much in Hawaii.
17.They have a lot of fun __________(dance) at the party
20. It’s ____________ today. The sun is shining brightly in the sky.
四．选择填空（15分）
( )1-_________ is the weather in Shanghai? -__________windy.
A. What , It’s B. How, It’s C. How, It D. What , It
( )2.-How’s it going with you? - __________.
A.I don’t like it B .I’m studying C. It’s windyD. Not bad
( )3-.Hello! Who’s speaking? -Hi, An. _________ Mary.
A. ThisB. It’s C. This is D. That is
( )4.Thanks a lot for __________ us at the party.
A. join B. joins C. joining D. to join
( )5.The students are cleaning the classroom. ______ are cleaning the windows, _____ are cleaning the chairs.
A. Some ., another B. Some , others C. Others , the other D. Some ,other
( )6. What_______ your mother do when it’s _________?
A. do, rainyB. does, raining C. does, is raining D. do , raining
( )7.It’s snowing and everyone ________ a good time.
A. having B. is having C. are havingD. has
( )8.________ winter it is very cold _________ Moscow.
A. In, at B. In , in C. On, in D. In, on
( )9.What ________ it is today!
A. a nice weather B. nice a weather C. nice weather D. nice day
( )10.A group of _________ lying on the beach.
A. children areB. children isC. childs are D. childs is
( )11. Look at the ________ !It’s_________ heavily now.
A. rain, rainB. raining, raining C. raining , rainy D. rain, raining
( )12.The radio _______ the snow will stop later on.
A. says B. tellsC. talksD. speaks
( )13.It’s very dark , but they _______ working in the fields.
A. go on B. get on C. go down D. go
( )14.Here is the weather report __________ the next twenty-four hours.
A. ofB. for C. in D. to
( )15. In spring the flowers begin to __________ .
A. turn greenB. get back C. come out D. go on
五． 句型转换（10分）
1.It’s windy in spring in Anyang.(对画线提问)
__________ the ___________ in Anyang in spring?
2.Do you often swim on Sundays?(用now 代替on Sundays)
__________ you ____________ now?
3.There is a lot of rain today in Xinxiang.(改为同义句)
_________ very __________ today in Xinxiang .
4.They are on vacation in Chengdu.(对画线部分提问)
___________ _________ they on vacation?
5..it, do , raining, when, do, is , you, what(连词成句)
__________________________________________________________________?
六． 根据汉语完成句子（20分）
1.上海的天气什么样？雪很大。
-___________ the weather _________ Shanghai? -It’s very _________.
2.那儿正在下雪吗？不， 在下雨。
-____________ it __________ there? -No, It’s ___________.
3.-你情况怎么样，丹尼？-还行。-______ it ________ with you Danny? -Not ________.
4.我惊讶那些孩子能在这么热的天气里玩。
I ________ ____________ that the children can play _________ this __________.
5.海边有一群人在打海滩排球。
There are _______ ______ _______ people _____beach volleyball _____ the beach.
6.看!幼儿园里的每个人都玩得很开心。
Look! Every one _________ _________ a good time in the kindergarten.
第八单元同步复习试卷
Ⅰ根据汉语提示完成句子
1. Where is the (邮局)？It’s on （中心大街）.
2. Is there a (餐馆)？Yes, (有)
3.There is a (图书馆)near here.
4.Where is the (银行)？It’s across from the(超市).
5.Is there a (公用电话)in front of the (桥)？
No, .(没有)
Ⅱ.翻译下列句子。
1.这附近有公用电话吗？a pay phone ?
2.图书馆在哪里？在银行隔壁。 The library? The
3.在公园对面有一家超市。a supermarket the park.
4.招待所在哪里？在餐馆和超市之间。
Where’s? the restaurant the supermarket
5.在邮局后面是不是有所学校？没有 a school the post office? .
Ⅰ.根据句意，完成下列句子。
1.Is this a clean street ?No, It’s a street.
2.The supermarket is not big.It’s
3.It’s an hotel.It isn’t new.
4.Is it a park?No,it’s very busy every day.
5.My house is not on the right .It’s on the .
Ⅰ.根据汉语提示，完成句子.
1. （打搅了，请问）.Is there a pay phone near here?
2.Please tell me (去…..的路)your house.
3. (沿….走下去)Center Street and the post office is on the right.
4.You can （打的）and(穿过)Six Avenue.
5.I hope you (旅途愉快).
七年级下Unit9-10知识点
Unit9
(一)重点短语：
序号 跟在be后 (be+形容词) 跟在have/has后 (have/has+名词)
1 is tall/short/ of medium height
是高的/矮的/中等高度 have long/short /curly/straight hair
有长/短/直/卷头发
2 is heavy/fat, thin，isof medium build
是胖的/瘦的/中等身的 have black/yellow/blond hair
有黑/黄头发
3 is beautiful/ugly/cute
是漂亮/丑陋的/可爱的 have+长短+直卷+颜色+hair
4 have a medium height/build
5 have (two) big eyes/a big nose
6 have a round /long/face
有一张圆/长脸
7 Wear sunglasses /jeans/T-shirt
12. a police artist.look like
13. 4.in the end 最后 first of all首先
14. the same way to a little
重点句型：
1. -- What does he look like? (有look，用does/do) –他看起来长得怎么样？
-- He is very tall, and he has short curly hair. --他很高，而且他有短的卷头发。
① 同义句：-- What is he like? (只有like，用is) (用is，like翻译问“像”)
区别：-- What does he like? 他喜欢什么？(用does，like翻译为“喜欢”)
② 区别比较：(1) 他是中等高度/身材：He is of medium height/build. (是of, 前用be动词)
(2) 他有中等高度/身材：He has a medium height/build.(是a, 前用have/has)
a bit+形容词；
3.What do they look like? They’re of medium build.
4.Do they have straight or curly hair? They have curly hair.
5.Is he tall or short ? He is’nt tall or short. He’s of medium height.
6.I may be a little late . maybe:副词，常放在句首， Maybe I’m a little late.
may be:情态动词+be 放在句中
7.They tell him what the criminal looks like. 特殊疑问句作宾语从句，用陈述语气
①一点点+形容词：
a little bit+形容词 =
a little+形容词 =
a bit+形容词；
②一点点+名词：
a little+不可数名词 =
a bit of+不可数名词；
如：His hair is a little long. = His hair is a bit long.
He can speak a little English. = He can speak a bit of English.
look like 看起来像 look at看一看
look for 寻找 look after 照看
8.Also, they don’t always remember well.
also放句首，其后有逗号，修饰整个句子
9.Another woman says, “ He is tall and thin.”
Another三个或三个以上 “任意一个；另一个”
10.The real criminal is a short and heavy old man .
real强调真实存在，不是虚构的
True强调符合事实，是真的不是假的。
语法：
1,形容词的用法：形容词在句中做定语，表语和宾语补足语。
She is a beautiful girl.（定语）
The game is intetesting.（表语）
3.We must keep the class room clean。（宾补）
2.多个形容词的排序：
基本顺序：限定词（冠词、指示代词、物主代词、数词等）
+表示观点的描述性形容词+形状、大小、长短、高低+年龄、新旧+颜色+国籍、地区+物质材料+中心名称
口诀：限观形龄色国材，谐音记忆：县官行令谢国才
口诀：美小圆旧黄，法国木书房
Unit10
（一）重点短语：
1.would like =want相要 would like/want sth. 想要某物 would like/want to do sth.想要做某事
2.take one’s order 点菜 . one(large) bowl of 一(大）碗
3.tomato and egg soup番茄鸡蛋汤 specail: n,特色菜；adj,特色的
4.around the world 世界各地be different from 与……不同
5.the number of ……的数量，谓语动词用单数
a number of + 可数名词的复数： 许多，谓语动词用复数
A number of boys are playing football.许多男生在踢足球。
6.make a wish 许愿 blow out 吹灭
7.in one go =at one go一次性地get popular 受欢迎
8. cut up 切碎 a symbol of long life 长寿的象征
9. bring good luck to …… 给 ……带来好运 in different countries
10. put a candy in
11.fish.1.鱼肉，不可数 2.鱼的条数，复数：fish 3.鱼的种类,复数：fishes
14. 一碗：a bowl 一大/中/小碗：a big bowl, a medium bowl, a small bowl
两大碗：two big bowls of… 一杯绿茶：a cup of green tea
15. 在饺子店：at the house of dumplings = at the dumping house
在甜品屋：at a dessert house/shop
16. 一些很棒的特色菜：some great specials 特色菜1：Special 1
17. (1) drink v. 喝； 如：What would you like to drink? (2) drink n. 饮料；(复数+s) 如：Cola is a kind of drinks.
18. (1) kind of 有点；（无形式变化） 如：He is kind of lazy.
(2) a kind of 一种；（单数） 如：English is a kind of languages.
(3) kinds of 多种；（复数） 如：There are many kinds of languages in the world.
重点句型：
1. -- What would you like? = What do you want?
-- I’d like some noodles. = I want some noodles.
句型：想要某东西：would like sth = want sth (后跟名词，不加to) 想要做某事：would like to do sth = want to do sth (后跟动词，加to)
练：(1) Do you want ___?A. speak English B. to the new pants C. ho home D. to go to school
(2) Would you like ________ (drink) some green tea?
2. 餐厅英语：
--我能帮您吗？-- Can I help you? = What can I do for you? = What would you like?
--我想要一些面条。-- I’d like some noodles. (I’d = I would)
-- What kind of noodles would you like?
-- I’d like beef and tomato noodles. (名词修饰名词，修饰词注意用“单数”)
–你想要多大碗的面？-- What size bowl of noodles would you like?
--我想要一中碗面。-- I’d like a medium bowl of noodles. (一中碗…)
什么种类：What kind 什么尺寸：What size 一大/小碗面条：a large/small bowl of noodles
3. ---- Would you like a large bowl?
--（接受）：-- Yes, please. 或Yes, I’d like/love to. 好的 不能用：Yes, I would.
（拒绝）-- No, thanks. 不，谢谢。
练：-- Would you like some tea? -- ________.
A. Yes, I would B. Yes, please C. No, I don’t D. No, please
4.I’m not sure yet.我还不确定。
5.We’d also like gongbao chiken and some mapo tofu with rich.
6.Is there any meat in the tomato and egg soup? No ,there isn’t any./ No , there’s no meat.
Are there any vetetables in the soup? Yes,there are./No,there aren’t.
肯定句中表达“一些”用some；否定句、疑问句中表达“一些，任何”用any；
如：(1) I would like some beef noodles. (2) I wouldn’t like any chicken noodles.
(3) I didn’t have _______ money for a taxi.
7..May I take your order? 回答，肯定： Yes/Sure/Of course 否定： Sorry,but……/I’m afraid
8.. I like dumplings ,fish and orange juice. I don’t like green tea or porridge
句中有三个或三个以上的并列成分，只连接最后两个，前面的用逗号隔开。
and用于肯定句中，or用于否定句和疑问句中
9.The number of the candles is the person’s age.
10. All of these birthday foods may be different.
food一般为不可数名词，当为可数名词时，表示“某类食品”
语法：可数名词与不可数名词
Vegetables:potatoes tomatoes carrots oinins (可数)
Fruits:apples bananas pears strawberries (可数)
Meet:beef mutton fish chichen pork (不可数)
Dink：green tea soup orange juice water porridge (不可数可数)
1.可数名词可以被 a/an 修饰，且有复数形式，而不可数名词不可以被a/an修饰，且没有复数形式
当名词为： 词尾变化 读 音 例词
一般情况 加s 在清辅音后读/s/ chips, clocks
在浊辅音或元音后读/z/ boys, sharpeners, sofas, drawers
以s,x,ch,sh结尾的单词 加es /iz/ watches, boxes, classes, brushes
以字母o结尾的单词 加s或es /z/ zoos, photos,（无生命的）
tomatoes, potatoes, heroes
（有生命的）
以辅音字母+y结尾的单词 去y 变i加es /z/ dictionaries, strawberries,
以f 或fe结尾的单词 去f或fe 变v 加 es /vz/ leaves（叶子）, wives（妻子）, halves（半）
2.基数词可以修饰可数名词，不可以直接修饰不可数名词，如：three paper（×）。但不可数名词前加上量词后则可以被基数词修饰。如：a cup of tea, a bowl of soup, a glass of water
3.规则名词的复数变形：
Unit 11 How was your school trip?
重点短语：
11.go for a walk 散步 go fising 去钓鱼
12.milk a cow 给奶牛挤奶 go on a school tirp=haved a trip 去旅行
13.ride a horse 骑马 talk with 与…谈话
14.feed chicken 喂鸡 feed A with/on B 用B喂养/饲养 A
15.take some photos 拍一些照片 grow apples 种苹果
16.quite 与 very 的区别 ：quite用于a/an 之前，He is quite a clever boy.very用于a/an 之后 He is a very clever boy.
17.show sb. around 带某人参观某地 learn (a lot) about=know about 知道，了解
18.in the countryside 在乡下 pick some apples 摘苹果 take…home
19.so much如此多的+不可数名词 so many +可数名词
20.fire station 消防站 along the way 沿线 buy sb sth buy sth for sb
21.all in all 总之 on the slow train 在慢车上
22.be interested in 对……感兴趣
23.too many people 太多人
24.hear强调听的结果 listen to 强调听的动作
25.not……at all一点也不
重点句子：
1. How was your school trip? It was great!
12. Did you go to the zoo?No, I didn’t . I went to a farm
13. Did you see any cows?Yes, I did. I saw quite a lot.
14. Did Carol ride a horse?No, she didn’t. But she milked a cow.
15. Were the strawberries good? Yes , they were./ No, they weren’t.
16. Lucky you .= You are so lucky. 你真幸运。
17. We got there so fast by train.
18. We had so much fun.
语法：
一般过去时
1）一般过去时的构成：
用动词的过去式。作谓语的行为动词的词尾变化如下：
一般情况 +ed
以e字母结尾的辅音 +d
以辅音字母＋y结尾 去y变i＋ed
重读闭音节结尾的单词，末尾只有一个辅音字母 双写词尾字母+ed
2）一般过去时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式（以be和like为例）：
主 语 肯 定 式 否 定 式 疑 问 式
第一、二人称和第三人称复数以及名词复数 I was a student.
We/You/ They were students.
He/ She was a student.
I / We/ You/ They/ liked music.
Many people liked music. I was not a student.
We/You/ They were not students.
He/ She was not a student.
I / We/ You/ They/ didn’t like music.
Many people didn’t like music. Were you a student.
Were you/ they students?
Was he/ she a student?
Did you/ they like music?
Did many people like music?
3）一般过去时的用法：
5.过去发生的动作。例如：
The police stopped me on my way home last night.
6.过去存在的状态。例如：
They weren't able to come because they were so busy.
3. 常用于一般过去时的时间状语：
yesterday，three months ago，last year，in 1979，often，always等。
Unit 12 What did you do last weekend?
重点短语：
1. go boating去划船 play badminton 打羽毛球
2. go to the beach 去海滩
3. go to the cinema= go to the movies去看电影
4. camp by the lake 在湖边野营 summer camp 夏令营 go camping 去野营
5. living habits 生活习性
6. stay up late 熬夜
7. run away 逃跑
8. shout at 因生气或愤怒“冲某人大声吼叫” shout to指“对某人大喊大叫”，目的是让人听见。
9. fly a kite 放风筝
10. study for a test为考试而学习
11. high school 中学
12. take…… to …… 带……去……
13. put up 搭起
14. make a fire 生火
15. keep + sb./sth. +adj. 让某人、某物保持某种状态
16. on the first night 在第一个晚上
17. so + adj. +that 太……以至于……
18. wake up把…… 弄醒
19. up and down 上上下下 get a surprise 吃惊
20. When we look out of our tent, we saw a big snake sleeping near the fire.
see sb do sth see sb doing sth
重点句子：
10.What did you do last weekend? I did my homework. / We went boating.
11.Who visited her grandma? Becky did.
12.Where did she go last weekend? She went to a farm.
13.Who did she go with ?She went with her classmates.
14.That’s why it’s import to learn a second language.
15.How interesting!
16.I worked as a guide at the National History Museum.
17.I was so scared that I couldn’t move.
I was so tired that I went to sleep early.
9.There we put up our tents and made a fire to keep us warm and cook food on.
10.They have a butterfly house with over 200 kinds of butterflies.
11.A family of mice were in the kitchen on Saturday morning when they say a big cat.
新课标学习报告
由于我们没有《标准修改稿解读》这本书，老师又讲的比较快，有很多东西没记下来，下面我就把我记下来的和自己对《新课标》的粗略理解给大家汇报一下。
《标准》的制定和完善
《标准》的制定和修订是以义务教育阶段学生发展的目标为依据，通过数学学科的学习提高学生的数学素养，促进学生的全面发展。《标准》明确提出了通过数学学习使获得数学的基础知识和基本技能，数学基本思考和基本活动经验。“四基”的提出是在传统的“双基”--基本知识和基本技能的前提上，又加上了基本思想和基本活动经验。目的是通过数学的学习学生不仅把数学作为一种技术和手段，更要让孩子学会思考，逐步具有抽象的能力和逻辑推理能力。对于学生能力的方面，在以往的能够分析问题、解决问题基础上，增加了发现问题的能力和提出问题的能力，这是培养创新型人才所必须的要求。当然，在义务教育阶段只是为学生未来的发展打下一个必要的基础。重视“四基”，重视学生发现问题和提出问题能力的培养，是本次修改课程标准的核心。如果这样的目标能够实现，中国未来的基础教育就能够走向一个良性的发展道路。《标准》中提出让学生能够得到良好的数学教育意义就在这里。同时，我们也关注学生之间的差异，关注不同发展水平和智力水平学生对数学学习的需求。提出“不同的人在数学上得到不同的发展”。这也是孔子所说的因材施教的具体体现。每一个人对数学的感悟、对数学的理解是不一样的。因此，要允许不同的人在数学上得到不同的发展。要给学生独立思考，独立解决问题的空间。
《标准》本次的修订有两个方面的突破，一个是在理念上的突破，一个是内容选择与阐述上的突破。理念上的突破主要是对数学及其功能做了重新阐述，明确提出培养学生的“四基”，提高学生的发现问题和提出问题的能力等。这些基本理念体现在标准设计的之中，指导标准的目标和内容的选择。如《标准》提出的培养学生的数感、符号意识、空间观念、几何直观、数据分析观念、运算能力、推理能力、模型思想，以及应用意识和创新意识等10个核心概念就直接反映了数学课程的基本理念。每一个核心概念都给出了较为明确的解释，试图较为准确地表示这些概念的含意。这些概念对于理解和把握数学课程目标和内容，设计和组织数学教学具有指导意义。对于内容的选择，根据实验过程中教师提出的具体意见，在具体内容的安排做了适当调整，三个学段的内容都有所增删，但总的容量基本没有变化。如在第一、二学段中的统计与概率内容有所减少，有些内容移到第三学段。本次修订对课程实施建议也做了较大的修改，这些建议有助于教师理解和把握课程目标，设计和组织教学与评价。为了使教师和教材编写者更好地理解课程标准，本次修订增加了一些案例，并对案例做详细说明，特别是大大加强了对案例的设计意图，教学中应当如何处理案例中所涉及的问题等的解释和说明。通过这些例子，帮助教师和教材编写者理解理念和目标，有助于在实际教学中落实。
数学教育的改革是一个过程，本次标准的修订是对标准的进一步完善，是数学教育改革的一个重要阶段。《标准》中提出的理念、目标、内容与方法，需要教师在实际教学中落实，也需要教师在教学过程中不断完善。
强调数学学习的过程是此次数学课程改革的一个特点，因而课程目标中的过程性目标也成为《标准》中一个值得关注的焦点。《标准》中不仅使用了“了解（认识）、理解、掌握、灵活运用”等刻画知识技能的目标动词，而且使用了“经历（感受）、体验（体会）、探索”等刻画数学活动水平的过程性目标动词，从而更好地体现了《标准》对学生在数学思考、解决问题以及情感与态度等方面的要求。
1,数与代数
此外，数与代数部分还在不同学段降低了对一些运算的复杂性、技巧性和熟练程度的要求，但却强调对运算法则和运算规律的理解；同时，《标准》淡化了对一些概念过分“形式化”的要求，目的是改变“死记硬背”的做法，使学生真正理解所学的概念等内容，学会在日常的生活和实际情境中应用有关的知识。
《标准》希望通过数与代数的学习，发展学生的数感、符号感、估计意识，认识数、符号是刻画现实世界数量关系的重要语言，方程、不等式与函数是现实世界的数学模型，从而体会数学在认识、描述和解决现实问题中的作用。
2.“空间与图形”内容标准的要求
我国小学阶段几何课程的传统内容主要是对基本图形的认识，长度、面积和体积的计算；初中阶段主要是运用演绎推理的方法、依据扩大的公理化体系证明一些平面图形的性质。
与过去的内容相比，空间与图形领域的内容结构与具体的内容及要求都有较大的变化。例如，增加（或加强）了测量（包括估计）、物体的空间位置的确定、二维与三维图形间的转化（视图、展开图）、图形变换、位置的确定等内容。另外，在本领域内容的学习中，加强了几何建模以及探究过程，《标准》阐述“空间与图形”的内容时，大量使用“探索……性质”这样的句型，要求学生在“做数学”的活动中，通过自主探索认识和掌握图形性质，积累数学活动的经验，发展空间观念和推理能力。同时，还大力提倡“动手实践、自主探索、合作交流”的学习方式。内容要求中还突出了“空间与图形”的文化价值的体现。
与增加的内容相对应，在三个学段都适当减少或消弱了一些内容。例如，在第一和二学段，削减了单纯的平面图形周长、面积、体积等计算；第三学段削弱了以演绎推理为主要形式的定理证明；删去了大量繁难的几何证明题，淡化几何证明的技巧，降低了论证过程形式化的要求和证明的难度。
空间与图形是内容领域中重要的部分，同时也是此次课程改革中内容变化较大的部分，对增加或减少、加强或消弱的内容的认识与理解对我们正确的把握课程的目标、顺利的事实课程都十分重要，同时，也会引发我们对几何课程的目标与价值的不断再思考。
3、统计与概率
统计与概率主要是研究现实生活中的数据和客观世界中的随机现象的，它通过对数据收集、整理、描述和分析以及对事件发生可能性的刻画，来帮助人们做出合理的决策。以往义务教育阶段的数学教学《大纲》中也有初步的统计知识，但由于要求上的不明确以及考试评价等原因，因此这部分内容的学习被简单的处理成了统计量的计算问题；而我国义务教育阶段的数学课程中一直没有设置概率的内容。这样的课程现状，显然不能满足以信息和技术为基础的现代社会的需求，因为其中充满着大量的数据和随机现象，需要人们面对它们做出合理的决策，统计与概率在社会生活及各个领域中的应用日益广泛，对人们的发展而言，学习统计与概率已经成为历史的必然。
4、实践与综合应用
按照《标准》的要求，在第一学段中，学生将通过实践活动，初步获得一些数学活动的经验，了解数学在日常生活中的 简单应用，初步学会与他人合作交流，获得积极的数学学习情感。在第二学段中，希望学生通过数学活动更好地了解数学与生活的广泛联系，学会综合运用所学的知识和方法解决简单的实际问题，从而加深对所学知识的理解，获得运用数学解决问题的思考方法。对于第三学段的学生来说，要求他们在面对一些具有挑战性的研究课题时，能够运用所学知识与方法进行思考、探索进而解决问题。在这个过程中学生应用数学的意识和能力得到发展，并进一步加深对相关数学知识的理解，认识数学知识之间的联系。
当然三个学段的内容与目标不是界限分明的，是一个循序渐进的过程。“实践与综合应用”作为一种新型的学习活动，将为学生提供更大的自主学习空间，对改变教与学的方式有积极地促进作用，是一个特别值得关注的领域。
1. 第一学段删除的内容
图形与几何 测量 能用自选单位估计和测量图形的面积。
认识“千米、公顷”。
图形与变换
（图形的运动） 能在方格纸上画出简单图形的轴对称图形。
图形与位置 会看简单的路线图。
统计与概率 数据统计活动初步 。通过丰富的实例，了解平均数的意义，会求简单数据的平均数（结果为整数）。
知道可以从报刊、杂志、电视等媒体中获取数据信息。
通过实例，认识统计表和象形统计图、条形统计图（1格代表1个单位），并完成相应的图表。
能根据简单的问题，使用适当的方法（如计数、测量、实验等）收集数据，并将数据记录在统计表中。
不确定现象 初步体验有些事件的发生是确定的，有些则是不确定的。
能够列出简单试验所有可能发生的结果。
知道事件发生的可能性是有大小的。
对一些简单事件发生的可能性作出描述，并和同伴交换想法。
2．第一学段新增及部分修改的内容
数与代数 数的认识 知道用算盘可以表示多位数。
能结合具体情境比较两个一位小数的大小，能比较两个同分母分数的大小。
数的运算 能口算一位数乘除两位数。
认识小括号，能进行简单的整数四则混合运算（两步）。
能结合具体情境，选择适当的单位进行简单估算，体会估算在生活中的作用
图形与几何 测量 结合实例认识面积，体会并认识面积单位厘米、分米、米，能进行简单的单位换算。
（三）第二学段具体内容的修改
1. 第二学段删除的内容
数与代数 数的认识 “比较百分数的大小”
“探索小数、分数和百分数之间的关系”。
数的运算 “养成估算的习惯”。
会口算百以内一位数乘、除两位数。
图形与几何 图形的认识 了解两点确定一条直线和两条相交直线确定一个点。
测量
图形与变换
（图形的运动） 体会图形的相似。
统计与概率 数据统计活动初步 关于“中位数、众数”的内容全部删掉。
能设计统计活动，检验某些预测。
初步体会数据可能产生误导。
不确定现象 此部分内容全部更改，不单独列出删除部分，看“表3 要求的变化”对比。
2．第二学段新增或调整的内容（粗体为新增）
数与代数 数的认识 了解自然数、整数，奇数和偶数，质（素）数和合数。
数的运算 认识中括号，能进行简单的整数四则混合运算(以两步为主，不超过三步)。
在具体情境中，了解常见的数量关系：总价=单价×数量、路程=速度×时间，并能解决简单的实际问题。
经历与他人交流各自算法的过程，并能表达自己的想法。
式与方程 结合简单的实际情境，了解等量关系，并能用字母表示。
空间与图形
（图形与几何） 图形的认识 通过观察、操作，认识平行四边形、梯形和圆；知道扇形，会用圆规画圆。
测量 知道面积单位：千米、公顷。
通过操作，了解圆的周长与直径的比为定值，掌握圆的周长公式；探索并掌握圆的面积公式，并能解决简单的实际问题。
统计与概率 此部分内容全部更改，在后面具体解释。
第二学段内容虽然课程内容总的条目数没有变化，但具体的内容还是有一些重要的调整。主要包括：小数、分数、百分数重点强调了理解他们的意义，以及会进行小数、分数和百分数的转化。在这个转化的过程中，学生必然需要了解它们之间的关系，所以不再要求探索小数、分数和百分数之间的关系。
1． You and your team are working on a cure for Aids. 你和你的队员正在从事艾滋病的治疗工作。
（1）work on “从事于（某项工作）”；“设法说服” eg:
They worked on the old car late into the night.
他们修这辆旧汽车一直修到深夜。
What are you doing? We are working on some wood-cuts.
你们在干什么呀？我们正在创作一些木刻。
Can you work on him to change his mind?你能说服他改变主意吗？
（2）work at “学习，研究，致力于……” eg:
They have worked at this subject for many years.
他们研究这门科学好多年了。
（3）work out 作出；算出；设计出 eg:
This problem will not work out. 这道题算不出来。
They have worked out a method of sending a spacecraft to Mars.
他们已经设计出一种向火星发射宇宙飞船的方法。
2． extremely [Ik′stri mlI] adv. to a very high degree 极端地；极度地 eg:
It was an extremely difficult and dangerous task.
这是一项极度困难和危险的工作。
extreme [Iks′tri m] adj. reaching the highest degree 极度的 eg:
extreme patience/kindness 极度的耐心/仁慈
in extreme pain 在极度痛苦中
3． cure [kj ] (1)n. ①[C] curing or being cured 治疗；治愈。 eg:
His cure took six months. 他的病花了六个月治疗。
②[C]substance or treatment which cures 治疗的药物；治疗法 eg:
Is there a certain cure for cancer yet?迄今对癌症有治疗方法吗？
（2）vt. & vi. bring sb. back to health; get rid of one’s illness/habits eg:
This medicine will cure your headache. 这药可以治好你的头痛。
A few days’ rest will cure you. 休息几天你就痊愈了。
③（词组） cure sb. of one’s illness or bad habits 治愈疾病，改掉坏习惯 eg:
Moving to the country cured her of asthma. 搬到乡下她的哮喘病就好了。
He was cured of his habit of smoking. 他改掉了吸烟的坏习惯。
4． You are working on sending a manned spaceship to Mars. 你正在从事向火星发射载人宇宙飞船的工作。
（1）manned [m nd] adj. (of machines esp. in space) having men on board （飞船等）载人的 eg:
the development of manned from unmanned space craft
从无人向载人飞船的发展
（2）man-made[′m n′meId] adj. produced by the work of men; not found in nature 人造的 eg:
The lake is a man-made one. 这是个人工湖。
We have sent up many man-made satellites. 我们发射了多少颗人造卫星。
二、交际用语讲解
本单元学习表示打算和意图的交际用语（intentions and wishes）现归纳如下：
1． I’m thinking of …
2． I’d like to…
3． I’d love to …
4． I’d rather…
5． I want/wish/hope/intend/plan to…
6． I feel like…
7． I hope that …
8． I expect that…
9． My plan is to…
10． My hope is to…
三、口语针对性练习（20分，15分钟）
（一）完成下列各句（每小题1分，共10分）
1．I’m thinking of (carry) out this policy.
2．I’d like (invite) my teacher to come to the party.
3．I’d rather (stay) at home in the evening when I live in the country.
4．I feel like (have) fish instead of meat.
5．He intended (take) the exam next year.
6．We hope that the foreigner (give) us a speech next week.
7．My plan is (travel) all over the world.
8．We prefer (watch) TV at home to going out for a walk.
9．Xiao Ming would rather listen to the radio than (watch) the football match.
10．I wish I (be) a bird of we had flood here.
（二）补全对话（每小题2分，共10分）
Jill： 1 （你在业余时间喜欢做什么）？
Joe： 2 （我喜欢跑步）.
Jill： 3 （我不喜欢跑步）I like walking.
Joe： Is walking a kind of exercise?
Jill： Yes. Now most people think walking is the best exercise.
Joe： Do you do a lot of walking every day?
Jill： Yes. I walk an hour every day. 4 （它对人身体有好处）.
Joe： I’m not sure. I’d like to ask my grandpa. 5 （他喜欢走路）.
Ⅳ．阅读指导
一、生词和词组
1．likely adj. (1) that is expected 很可能发生的；有希望的 eg:
Is he likely to win?他有可能获胜吗？
The most likely result is a draw. 最可能的结果是不分胜负。
(2)that seems reasonable, suitable or right for a purpose 似乎合理的 eg:
That’s a likely excuse. 那似乎是个合理的借口。
(3)be likely to do… 很可能会……
It’s likely that… 可能会（有，发生）…… eg:
He is not likely to succeed. 他大概不会成功。
It is likely that he will be late. =He is likely to be late. 他可能会迟到。
2． grasp vt. , vi. & n.
(1)v. ①seize firmly with hand(s) or arm(s) 抓住；抱住；紧握 eg:
The boy grasped his mother’s hand firmly. 那个小男孩紧握住妈妈的手。
He grasped the rope and pulled it. 他抓紧绳子用力拉。
②understand with the mind 领悟；理解 eg:
I couldn’t grasp the teacher’s meaning. 我没领悟老师的意思。
(2)n. firm hold or grip; power of grasping 紧握；抓紧；领悟力 eg:
He doesn’t have a thorough grasp of the problem.
他没有彻底理解这个问题。
(3)短语：beyond/within a person’s grasp 为某人所不能/能抓到的；为某人所不能/能理解的。
3． master vt. , vi & n.
(1) vt. ①become the master of; overcome 成为……的主人；征服；控制
eg: master one’s temper/feelings 控制脾气/感情
It’s difficult to master nature. 征服大自然是困难的。
②gain as a skill 精通；熟练 eg:
master English 精通英语 master foreign affairs 精通外交事务
He never mastered the art of the public speaking.
他从未掌握当众演讲的艺术。
(2)n. ①man who has others working for him 主人，雇主
②male head of a household 家里的男主人
③captain of a merchant ship 商船的船长
④male teacher 男教师 eg:
the master of the house 一家之长
the maths master 数学教师 a master’s degree 硕士学位
4．arrange [ ′reInd ] vt. & vi.
(1)put in order 安排；排列；布置 eg:
She is good at arranging flowers. 她擅长插花。
Before going away, he arranged his business affairs.
他离开之前，他把业务都安排好了。
(2)make plans in advance 预做计划 eg:
The Tourist Bureau arranged everything for our journey to Rome. 旅游局为我们去罗马的旅行准备了一切。
(3)arrange+ n. +for +n. 为……安排…… eg:
Mother arranged an appointment for me with the dentist.
母亲替我向牙医预约挂号。
(4)arrange sb. to do … 安排某人做…… eg:
I have arranged him to met her. 我安排他和她见面。
(5)arrange with sb. to do … 约定与某人做…… eg:
We arranged with his team to play a game of baseball.
我们约好和他们队打一场棒球。
(6)arrange that … 商定，安排。 eg:
He arranged that the meeting (should) be put off for a week. = He arranged for the meeting to be put off for a week.
他安排把会议延后一周召开。
5． failure [′feIlj ] n.
(1)[U] failing; lack of success 失败；不成功 eg:
Failure is the mother of success. 失败乃成功之母。
(2)[C] instance of failing; person, attempt or thing that fails 失败的事例；失败的人，企图或失败的事物 eg:
He was a failure as a teacher. 他不是个好老师。
Success came after many failures. 失败多次之后终于成功。
6． locate[l ′keIt] vt. & vi.
(1)discover, show the locality of 找出……的位置，指出……的位置 eg:
locate a town on a map 在地图上找出一城市的位置
(2)establish in a place 在一地点设置 eg:
a new school to be located in the suburbs 将设置在郊区的一所新学校
(3)be located 位于 eg:
Our school is located in the center of the town. 我们学校坐落于市中心。
(4)比较location n.
[U] locating or being located 指定位置
[C] position or place 位置；地方 eg:
The hill is a good location for the new church.
那山丘是建筑新教堂的好地点。
7． organ[′ g n] n.
(1)any part of an animal body or plant 动植物器官 eg:
the organs of speech, the tongue, teeth, lips, etc. 语言器官（如舌、牙、唇等）
(2)organization 组织，机构 eg:
Parliament is the chief organ of the government. 国会是政府的主要机关。
(3)musical instrument from which sounds are produced by air forced through pipes, played by keys pressed with the fingers and pedals pressed with the feet 风琴
二、同、近义词辨析
1．likely, possible 与probable
（1）三者均表可能性，但意思有别。possible指客观上有可能性，但往往含有希望很小的意味；probable比possible可能性稍大，有“较为可能、大概”，指有实际依据；likely是从外表迹象判断有可能发生的事。 eg：
It’s possible, though not probable, that he will come tomorrow.
他明天可能来，但也不一定准来。
She is likely to ring me tonight. 今晚她很可能给我来电话。
（2）possible 不能用人作主语。possible 常用于下列句型：
It is possible to do sth. It is possible for sb. to do sth.
It is possible that … eg:
Is it possible to say so?可能这样说吗？
It is possible for me to do it. 我可能做那件事。
（3）probable 也不能用人作主语。一般只用于下面句型中：
It is probable that … eg:
It is probable that he will come. 他很可能要来。
（4）likely 既可用人作主语，也可用物作主语。通可用于“It is likely that …”句型中。 eg:
He is likely to come. = It is likely that he will come.
他可能要来。但不能说：It is likely for him to come.
（5）impossible, improbable, unlikely 用法与上述类似。
2．catch, grasp, seize 与snatch
catch是普通用语，用“设法抓住，捉住”的意思； grasp表示牢牢地“抓住”；seize指“突然用力抓住使不逃脱”；snatch 表示迅速的拉扯动作、出其不意地“抓取”。 eg:
The police caught the thief as he ran. 小偷逃跑时被警察抓住了。
He grasped his gun and rushed out. 他抓起枪就冲了出去。
He seized the gun from the enemy soldier. 他从敌人士兵手中夺过了枪。
The thief snatched her handbag and ran off. 小偷抢走了她的手提包就跑了。
三、语言点讲解
1．Whatever great achievements the future may have in store for China, it is likely that many of them will be born in northwestern Beijing. 无论中国将来会有什么样的成就，其中许多可能就诞生在北京的西北部。
（1）in store 就要到来，必将发生 eg:
Who knows what the future has in store for us?
谁知道我们将来注定如何？
（2）in store 也有储存着，备用的意思 eg:
The runner kept some energy in store for spurting at the end.
那名赛跑的人为最后冲刺贮存精力。
2． Zhongguancun was set up as a special economic zone in the late 1990s and quickly became the leader of China’s hi-tech industry. 在20世界90年代末中关村作为高新科技特区被创立并迅速成为中国高科技工业的先锋。
（1）set up-establish 建立 eg:
The government has set up a working party to look into the problem.
政府成立工作组调查此问题。
（2）in the late 1990s 又可写成in the late 1990’s 二十世纪九十年代末
in the early 1980s 二十世纪八十年代初
（3）hi-tech= high technology 高科技，高技术
3． When I got my master’s degree, I wanted to return home but couldn’t find a company where I could use what I had learnt. 当我获得硕士学位时，我想回到家乡，可是我没能找到学有所用的公司。
（1）本句是一个复合句。When I got my master’s degree 为时间状语从句，修饰主句谓语动词wanted。wanted和couldn’t find为并列谓语动词，由并列连词but连接。where I could use what I had learnt为定语从句，修饰先行词company。what I had learnt 为宾语从句。
（2）a master’s degree 硕士学位 a doctor’s degree 博士学位
a bachelor’s degree 学士学位
又如：Master of Arts 文学硕士 Doctor of Law 法学博士
Bachelor of Science 理学学士
4．I will never forget how happy I was when I set foot in China again and was back with my friends and family. 我永远不会忘记当再次踏上中国土地和我的朋友及亲人团聚时，那种感觉有多幸福。
（1）本句是复合句。How happy I was … 为宾语从句。when I set foot in China again and was back with … 为时间状语从句。
（2）set foot in/on 进入，踏进 eg:
She said she wouldn’t set foot in the room until it had been properly cleaned. 她说直到这屋子收拾好了她才住进去。
No man has ever set foot on that deserted island.
没有人曾光顾过那个荒芜的岛。
5． “Relying on science, technology, and knowledge to increase economic power”- makes it clear that science and business can and must work together to build the future. “依靠科学，技术，知识发展经常”，它阐明了科学和商业能够且必须结合在一起共创未来。
（1）此句为复合句。it为形式宾语，代表that引导的宾语从句。
（2）rely on/upon信赖，依赖 eg: He can always be relied upon or help. 他的帮助是永远可依赖的。
You may rely on my early arrival. 你放心好了，我会早到的。
（3）make…clear 表明，讲清楚 eg:
Have I made myself clear? 我讲清楚了吗？
They wanted to make it clear that they did an important and necessary job. 他们想说明他们做着一项重要且必要的工作。
6． …but we are excited about all the new technology and great ideas that are coming to life in Zhongguanzun. 但是我们为所有这些在中关村富有活力的新技术和卓越的想法而感到激动。
（1）that are coming to life in Zhongguancun 为定语从句，修饰先行词ideas。
（2）come to life 苏醒；恢复生气 eg:
We all thought he was drowned, but after an hour’s artificial respiration he came back to life. 我们都以为他淹死了，但经过一小时的人工呼吸后，他又苏醒了。
When I told the students the good news, they all came to life. 当我告诉学生们这个好消息时，他们都活跃起来了。
四、典型病句诊断
1． 病句：Yufang has come to China for three years.
诊断：Yufang has been in China for three years.
点拨：come为终止性动词，用于现在完成时时态，不能与表一段时间的状语连用。
2． 病句：Where has he gone is to be found out.
诊断：Where he has gone is to be found out.
点拨：主语从句应用陈述句语序。
3． 病句：When I got my master’s degree, I wanted to return back to China.
诊断：When I got my master’s degree, I wanted to return to China.
点拨：return意思是“come back”，不与back连用。
4． 病句：I would rather you tell me the truth.
诊断：I would rather you told me the truth.
点拨：would rather 后面带的宾语从句表示一种愿望，动词要用过去式来表示虚拟语气。
5． 病句：The old man stays very health.
诊断：The old man stays very healthy.
点拨：stay为系动词，意为“保持（状态）”，后用形容词作表语。
6． 病句：Great changes have been taken place in China.
诊断：Great changes have taken place in China.
点拨：take place “发生，举行”，不用被动语态。
7． 病句：This lesson is more easier than that one.
诊断：This lesson is much easier than that one.
点拨：形容词比较级前不可用more, 而可以用much, even, still, a great deal, a lot, far等加强语气。
8． 病句：All the answers are not correct. I can’t find one correct answer.
诊断：None of the answers are correct. I can’t find one correct answer.
点拨：all…not和not all…表示部分否定，意为“并非都……”，而none表示全部否定，意为“都不……”。
9． 病句：I don’t like the way which you speak to me.
诊断：I don’t like the way that you speak to me.
点拨：在way后面引导定语从句时，可用that, in which 或省略。
10． 病句：Zhongguancun has had a positive affect on business as well as science.
诊断：Zhongguancun has had a positive effect on business as well as science.
点拨：affect vt. “影响”； effect n. “影响”，have a good/bad effect on 意为“对……有好/不良的影响”。
第一单元单词及短语
1. my 我的pron.
2. name 名字n.
3. is 是v.
4. clock 时钟n.
5. I 我pron.
6. am 是v.
7. I'm =I am
8. nice 好的；令人愉快的adj.
9. to 用于与动词原形一起构成动词不定式 prep.
10. meet 遇见；相逢v.
11. you 你；你们pron.
12. what 什么 pron.& adj.
13. what's =what is
14. your 你的；你们的pron.
15. hello （表示问候）喂int.
16. hi （表示问候）嗨int.
17. his 他的pron.
18. and 和；又；而且conj.
19. her 她的pron.
20. question 问题;难题;询问;疑问n.
21. answer 问答；答复；答案n.
22. look 看；望；看起来v.
23. first 第一num.
24. first name 名字
25. last 最后的；上一个的adj.
26. last name 姓氏
27. boy 男孩n.
28. girl 女孩n.
29. zero 零num.
30. one 一num.
31. two 二num.
32. three 三num.
33. four 四num.
34. five 五num.
35. six 六num.
36. seven 七num.
37. eight 八num.
38. nine 九num.
39. telephone 电话n.
40. number 数；数字n.
41. telephone number 电话号码
42. phone 电话；电话机n.
43. phone number 电话号码
44. it 它pron.
45 it's=it is
46. card 卡；卡片n
47. ID card (ID=identification) 身份证
48. family 家；家庭n.
49. family name 姓氏
第二单元单词及短语
1. this 这；这个pron.& adj.
2. pencil 铅笔n.
3. pen 钢笔n.
4. book 书n.
5. eraser 橡皮；铅笔擦；黑板擦n.
6. ruler 尺；直尺n.
7. case 箱；盒；橱n.
8. pencil case 铅笔盒；文具盒
9. backpack 双肩背包n.
10. pencil sharpener 卷笔刀；铅笔刀
11. dictionary 字典；词典n.
12. that 那；那个pron.& adj.
13. yes （表示肯定）是adv.
14. no （表示否定）不；不是adv.
15. not （构成否定形式）不是adv.
16. isn't =is not
17. thank 感谢v.
18. OK 好；不错 interj
19. in 用（表示方法，媒介，工具等）prep.
20. English 英语；英文n.
21. a 一个（只，把，台……）art.
22. how （指程度）多么;何等;怎样adv.
23. do 做;干;构成否定句、疑问句的助动词v.& aux.
24. spell 拼写v.
25. baseball 棒球n.
26. watch 手表n.
27. computer 电脑；电子计算机n.
28. game 运动；游戏n.
29. key 钥匙n.
30. notebook 笔记本n.
31. ring 环（状物）；戒指n.
32. call 打电话 v.
33. at 在…（里面或附近）；
在…（点、刻）；以 prep.
34. the 表示特指的人、物、事或群体art.
35. lost 丢失的；遗失的adj.
36. found （find的过去式,过去分词）
找回 v.
37. lost and found 失物招领
38. please （祈使句用作请求的客套话）请interj
39. school 学校 n.
40. a set 一套；一副
41. of (属于)…的
42. excuse 原谅;宽恕 v.
43. excuse me 请原谅
第三单元单词及短语
1. sister 姐；妹n.
2. mother 妈妈；母亲n.
3. father 爸爸；父亲 n.
4. parent 父亲或母亲n.
5. brother 兄；弟n.
6. grandmother 祖母；外祖母n.
7. grandfather 祖父；外祖父n.
8. friend 朋友n.
9. grandparent 祖父/母；外祖父/母n.
10. these 这些 pron.& adj.
11. are 是v.
12. those 那些pron.& adj.
13. she 她pron.
14. he 他pron.
15. he's =he is
16. son 儿子 n.
17. cousin 堂（表）兄弟;堂（表）姐妹n.
18. daughter 女儿 n.
19. uncle 叔；伯；舅；姨夫；姑父 n.
20. aunt 姨母；姑母；伯母；婶母 n.
21. dear （冠于信函中的称谓,以示礼貌）亲爱的adj.
22. thanks for 为……而感谢
23. photo 照片；相片n.
24. here 这里；在这里adv.
25. picture 照片;图片 n.
26. for （表示原因或目的）为了 prep.
第四单元单词及短语
1. where 哪里 adv
2. table 桌子n.
3. bed 床 n.
4. dresser 梳妆台n.
5. bookcase 书柜;书橱n.
6. sofa 沙发n.
7. chair 椅子n.
8. drawer 抽屉n.
9. plant 植物n.
10. under 在..下面 prep.
11. they 他们 pron.
12. on 在..上面 prep.
13. know 知道;了解 v.
14. bag 书包;提包;袋子 n.
15. math 数学 n.
16. alarm clock 闹钟
17. CD (=compact disc) 光盘 abbr.
18. video 录像;视频 n.
19. tape 录音带 n.
20. video tape录像带
21. hat 帽子 n.
22. take 拿走;带到 v.
23. thing 东西;物 n.
24. to 朝;向;至;达 prep.
25. mom (非正式用语)妈妈 n.
26.can 能;可以;会 modal v.
27. bring 拿来;取来;带来 v.
28. some 一些;若干pron.& adj.
29. need 需要 v.
30. floor 地板;地面 n.
31. room 房间 n.
32.TV (=television) 电视;电视机 abbr.
33. desk 课桌；书桌 n.
第五单元单词及短语
1. have 有；吃；饮v.
2. soccer 英式足球 n.
3. ball 球 n.
4. soccer ball 英式足球
5. tennis 网球 n.
6. racket （网球、羽毛球的）球拍 n.
7. tennis racket 网球拍
8. ping-pong 乒乓球 n.
9. volleyball 排球 n.
10. basketball 篮球 n.
11. bat （乒乓球等的）球拍 n.
12. does (do的第三人称单数)做；干；
构成否定句、疑问句的助动词 v.& aux.
13. doesn't = dost not
14. let 允许；让 v.
15. us 我们（we的宾格）pron.
16. let's =let us
17. play 玩；打球 v.
18. sound 听起来v.
19. good 良好的；令人满意的adj.
20. sport 运动；游戏 n.
21. we 我们pron.
22. many 大量的adj.
23. club 社团；俱乐部 n.
24. more 更多的；更大的 pron.
25. class （一节）课；班级 n.
26. interesting 有趣的;令人感兴趣的adj.
27. boring 无聊的；令人生厌的adj.
28. fun 有趣的；令人愉快的adj.
29. difficult 困难的adj.
30. relaxing 轻松的adj.
31. watch 观看；注视 v.
32. watch TV 看电视
33. has （have的第三人称单数形式）有v.
34. great 美妙的；大的adj.
35. collection 收藏品；收集物 n.
36. but 但是conj.
37. play sports 参加体育运动或比赛
38. only 只；仅仅adv.
39. them (they的宾格)他（她、它）们pron.
40. every 每一；每个adj.
41. day 天；日间；白天；一日n.
第六单元单词及短语
1. like喜欢 v.
2. banana 香蕉 n.
3. hamburger 汉堡包n.
4. tomato 西红柿n.
5. broccoli花椰菜n.
6. French fries 炸马铃薯条；薯条
7. orange 橙子n.
8. ice 冰n.
9. cream奶油；乳脂n.
10. ice cream 冰淇淋
11. salad 沙拉n.
12. strawberry 草莓n.
13. pear 梨n.
14. have 吃；饮v.
15. oh 啊；噢；呀（表示惊讶等）interj.
16. countable noun 可数名词
17. uncountable noun 不可数名词
18. food食物n.
19. egg 蛋；鸡蛋n.
20. apple苹果n.
21. carrot 胡萝卜n.
22. chicken 鸡；鸡肉n.
23. breakfast 早餐n.
24. lunch 午餐n.
25. dinner 晚餐；正餐n.
26. fruit水果n.
27. vegetable 蔬菜；植物n.
28. runner 奔跑者n.
29. eat 吃v.
30. well 好；对；满意地adv.
31. run 跑；奔跑v.
32. star 星星；明星n.
33. lot 许多；很多adv.
34. lots of 大量；许多
35. healthy 健康的；强健的adj.
36. dessert （饭后的）甜食n.
37. list 清单n.
38. Bill 比尔（男名）
39. Sandra 桑德拉（女名）
40. Clark 克拉克（姓）
Review of units 1---6
1. furniture 家具（总称）n.
2. people 人；人民n.
3. an （元音前）一个（只,把,台…）art.
4. blank 空白n.
5. conversation 交谈；谈话n.
6. other 另外的人（物）pron.
7. also也；亦；而且adv.
8. Joe乔（男名）
第七单元单词及短语
1. how much （价钱）多少
2. pants （pl.）裤子
3. sock短袜n.
4. shirt 男衬衣；衬衫n.
5. T-shirtT恤衫n.
6. shorts 短裤n.
7. sweater 毛衣n.
8. shoe 鞋n.
9. skirt裙子n.
10. sale 出售；廉价销售n.
11. dollar 元（美国、加拿大等国的货币 单位，符号为$）
12. color色；颜色n.
13. black 黑色（的）adj.& n.
14. white 白色（的）adj.& n.
15. red红色（的）adj.& n.
16. green 绿色（的）adj.& n.
17. blue蓝色（的）adj.& n.
18. yellow 黄色（的）adj.& n.
19. big 大的；广大的；重大的adj.
20. small 小的；小号的adj.
21. short 短的；矮的adj.
22. long 长的adj.
23. clerk （银行、办公室、商店等）职员；办事员n.
24. help 帮助；援助v.
25. want 需要；想要v.
26. Here you are. 给你
27. welcome 不必客气的adj.
28. You’re welcome. 不客气。
29. example 例子；实例n.
30. ten十num.
31. eleven 十一
32. twelve 十二
33. thirteen 十三
34. fourteen 十四
35. fifteen 十五
36. sixteen 十六
37. seventeen 十七
38. eighteen 十八
39. nineteen 十九
40. twenty 二十
41. thirty 三十
42. clothes 衣服；服装n.
43. store 商店n.
44. come 来；来到v.
45. buy 购买；买v.
46. very 很；非常；颇adv.
47. price 价格n.
48. each 每个pron.
49. anybody 任何人pron.
50. afford 负担得起；买得起v.
51. our 我们的pron.
52. see 看见v.
53. yourself 你自己（反身代词）pron.
54. Mr. 先生（冠于男子之姓或姓名之前的称呼）
55. sell 销售;卖v.
56. from 从；从……起prep.
57. Zig Zag 文中指服装店名
58. have a look 看一看；看一眼
59. on sale 廉价出售；出售
60. sorry 抱歉的;遗憾的;难过的adj.
61. Lisa 丽萨（女名）
第八单元单词及短语
1. when （疑问副词）什么时候；何时adv.
2. birthday 生日n.
3. month 月；月份n.
4. January 一月；正月n.
5. February 二月n.
6. March三月n.
7. April四月n.
8. May五月n.
9. June六月n.
10. July 七月n.
11. August 八月n.
12. September 九月n.
13. October 十月n.
14. November 十一月n.
15. December 十二月n.
16. tenth 第十num.
17. fourth 第四num.
18. fifteenth 第十五num.
19. second第二num.
20. third 第三num.
21. fifth 第五num.
22. sixth 第六num.
23. seventh 第七num.
24. eighth num.第八
25. ninth num.第九
26. eleventh num.第十一
27. twelfth num.第十二
28. thirteenth num.第十三
29. fourteenth num.第十四
30. sixteenth num.第十六
31. seventeenth num.第十七
32. eighteenth num.第十八
33. nineteenth num.第十九
34. twentieth num.第二十
35. thirtieth num.第三十
36. date n.日期
37. happy adj.愉快的;高兴的;满意的
38. Happy Birthday 生日快乐！
39. birth n.出生；出世；诞生
40. age n.年龄；年纪
41. old adj.年岁的；年老的；年长的
42. how old 多大年纪；几岁
43. speech n.演说；讲演；说话；言论
44. contest n.竞争；竞赛；比赛
45. party n.晚会
46. trip n.旅途；观光旅行(通常短程)
47. basketball game 篮球赛
48.
54. year n.年
55. year(s) old ……岁（年龄）
第九单元单词及短语
1. go v.去
2. movie n.电影
3. go to a movie 去看电影
4. action 动作片
5. comedy n.喜剧
6. documentary n.记录片
7. thriller n.恐怖电影或小说
8. kind n.种类
9. singular n.单数；单数形式 adj.单数的
10. plural n.复数；复数形式 adj.复数的
11. opera n.歌剧
12. Beijing Opera 京剧
13. find v.寻找；查找
14. someone pron.某人
15. who pron.….的人; 谁
16. student n.学生
17. scary adj.可怕的，吓人的
18. funny adj.有趣的，好玩的
19. sad adj.悲哀的；悲伤的
20. exciting adj.令人激动的；振奋人心的
21. really adv.事实上；无疑地；真正地
22. think v.想；思考;认为
23. learn v.学习；学会
24. about prep.关于;涉及;在…方面
25. history n.历史
26. often adv.时常；常常
27. with prep.与…在一起;和;使用…;有
28. favorite adj.& n.最喜爱的(东西)
29. actor n.演员
30. new adj.新的
31. weekend n.周末；星期六和星期日
32. too adv.也；又；太
33. successful adj.成功的
34. Rush 《尖峰时刻》(电影名)
35. Mr Bean 《憨豆先生》(电影名)
36. Shaolin Temple 《少林寺》(电影名)
37. Ben 本(男名)
38. Maria 玛丽亚(女名)
39. Michele 米歇尔(女名)
40. June 琼(女名)
41. Edward 爱德华(男名)
42. Jackson 杰克逊(姓或男名)
43. Rick 瑞克(男名)
44. Jackie 杰克(男名，昵称)
45. Rowan Atkinson罗温艾金森(憨豆先生)
46. Jet 杰特(男名)
第十单元单词及短语
1. Guitar n.吉他
2. Join v.参加；加入
3. dance v.跳舞；舞蹈
4. swim v.游泳
5. sing v.唱；唱歌
6. chess n.国际象棋
7. paint v.画画
8. speak v.说；说话
9. can't=can not
10. kid n.小孩；年轻人
11. piano n.钢琴
12. our pron.我们的
13. drum n.喇叭
14. violin n.小提琴
15. or conj.或者
16. musician n.音乐家
17. then adv.那时；然后
18. be v.是(表存在、状态等)
19. rock n.摇滚乐
20. band n.乐队
21. show n.演出;表演 v.展示；给..看
22. Sunday n.星期日；星期天
23. kung fu 中国功夫
24. pm abbr. (或p.m.)下午
25. Japanese adj.日本的；日本人的n.日本人；日语
26. may v.可能；可以
27. e-mail n.(或email)电子邮件
28. address n.通讯处；地址
29. draw v.画
30. little adj.少许的；少量的
31. a little 少量；稍许
32. why adv.(疑问副词)为什么
33. Jennifer 詹妮弗(女名)
34. Victor 维克多(男名)
35. Cindy 辛蒂(女名)
36. Jones 琼斯(姓)
第十一单元单词及短语
1. time n.时间
2. what time 几点；什么时候
3. go to school 去上学
4. get up 起床
5. usually adv.通常
6. shower n.淋浴;淋浴器
7. take a shower 淋浴；洗澡
8. o'clock (=of the clock) adv.…点钟(只用于正点)
9. work n.& v.工作
10. hour n.小时
11. brush v.刷
12. teeth n.(tooth的复数形式)牙齿
13. after conj.& prep.在……之后
14. go to work 去上班
15. get to 到达
16. bus n.公共汽车
17. hotel n.旅馆
18. all pron.全部;全体
19. night n.夜；夜间
20. love v.爱;喜欢
21. listen v.听
22. home adv.家
23. morning n.早晨；上午
24. go to bed 上床睡觉
25. job n.工作；零工；任务；职位
26. am abbr.(或a.m.)上午
27. afternoon n.下午；午后
28. evening n.傍晚；黄昏；晚上
29. homework n.家庭作业；课外作业
30. do home work 做作业
31. go home 回家
32. letter n.信
33. around adv.大约；到处；在附近
34. start v.开始；出发
35. write v.书写
36. tell v.告诉；讲述
37. me pron.我(I的宾格)
38. best adj.& adv.(good, well的比较级) 最好的(地)
39. wish n.希望；祝愿
40. soon adv.不久
41. Saturday n.星期六
42. survey n.调查；考察
43. Jerry 杰里(女名)
44. Alicia 陈莉西亚(女名)
45. Scot 斯科特(姓或男名)
第十二单元单词及短语
1. subject n.学科；科目
2. science n.科学
3. P.E. abbr.(缩写)体育
4. because conj.因为
5. description n.描述;记述
6. word n.字;词;话
7. teacher n.教师
8. who pron.(疑问代词)谁
9. Mrs 夫人；太太
10. example n.例子；实例
11. partner n.伙伴；合作者
12. city n.城市
13. mom n.(非正式用语)妈妈
14. dad n.(非正式用语)爸爸
15. Tuesday n.星期二
16. Thursday n.星期四
17. Wednesday n.星期三
18. Friday n.星期五
19. Monday n.星期一
20. biology n.生物学
21. busy adj.忙的；繁忙的；忙碌的
22. next adv.然后;接下去
23. strict adj.严格的；严厉的
24. tired adj.疲倦的；累的
25. Miss 小姐（冠于未婚妇女之姓或姓名之前的称呼）
26. ask v.询问;问
27. any pron.任何一个(或一些)
28. dog n.狗
29. around adv.在附近;到处
30. Salina 塞琳娜(女名)
31. Ken 肯(男名)
32. Cooper 库珀（姓）
Review of units 7---12
1. America 美国;美洲
2. so conj.因而;所以;那么
3. China 中国
4. before prep.在…以前
5. hobby n.业余爱好
6. today n.& adv.今天；今日
7. a lot of 许多；大量
8. life n.生活
Unit 5 Feeling Happy
Topic 1 Why all the smiling faces?
一、重点词汇：
（一）反义词
happy----unhappy / sad lucky----unlucky poor----rich kind----cruel
popular----unpopular smart----stupid / silly interesting----boring
（二）表示情感的形容词
excited感到兴奋的 surprised 吃惊的 happy 快乐的 unhappy/sad 伤心的
angry / mad 生气的 worried 焦急的proud 自豪的 afraid / frightened 害怕的
disappointed 失望的 lonely 孤单的 nervous 紧张不安的 interested 感到有趣的
（三）重点词组
one of my favorite movies 我最喜欢的电影之一
spend the evening 过夜
say thanks / goodbye/ hello to sb. 向某人道谢/道别/问好
prepare…for 为…准备
a ticket to… 一张…的票
6. be proud of 以…为骄傲
7. be pleased with 对…感到满意
8 . taste delicious 尝起来美味的
9. feel proud/ lonely /disappointed 感到自豪/孤单/失望
10. set a table for…为……摆餐具
11. have a temperature = have a fever 发烧
12. be able to do sth. 有能力做某事
13. ring up 给……打电话
care for= look after/ take care of 照顾
because of 由于
16. cheer up / cheer on 使……振奋、高兴起来 / 为 ……喝彩、加油
perform short, funny plays 表演滑稽的短剧
be on 上演; 放映
at first 首先
fall into 落入
be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做某事
in the end = at last 最后
go mad 发疯
come into being形成
25. be full of充满…
26. be popular with… 受……喜爱
27. make peace with sb. 与某人和解
end/begin with… 以……结尾/开始
二、重点句型及重点语言点
1. How nice! 真是太好了!
What a shame! 真可惜! ＝That’s too bad!
What bad news! 多糟的消息!
这三句全都是感叹句，它们的结构为：
How + adj./ adv. + 主语 + 谓语! 如: How moving the movie is! / How fast the boy runs!
What + a/an + adj. + n. (可数名词的单数) + 主语 + 谓语! 如: What a big apple (it is)!
What + adj. + n.(可数名词的复数或不可数名词) + 主语 + 谓语! 如:
What interesting stories (they are)! What hard work( it is)!
2. Because he can’t get a ticket to The Sound of Music. 因为他没有买到《音乐之声》的票。
to 表“的”，常见的搭配如下：
a ticket to The Sound of Music《音乐之声》的票 the answer to the question问题的答案
the key to the door 门的钥匙 the way to…去…..的路
3. I’ll ring up Michael later. 稍后我打电话给迈克。
ring up sb. = call/ ring/ phone sb. = give sb. a ring/ call/ telephone = make a telephone to sb.
当宾语为代词时, 只能放中间。如: ring me/him/her up
4. Michael isn’t able to come.
can与be able to 二者都表“能；会”，在指“一般能力”时，常互换。如：
He can/is able to work out the problem. 他能算出这道难题。
区别: can 只有现在式和过去式(could),没有数的变化;而be able to有时态及数的变化。如:
I/ She couldn’t swim three years ago, but now I / She can .三年前,我/她不会游泳, 但现在我/她能.
I will be able to see him next week. 下周, 我将会看到他。
They were /He was able to climb the mountain, but now they aren’t/ He wasn’t.They’re / He was too old. 他们/他过去能爬得上这座山, 但现在不能。他们/他太老了.
5. I’m sure Mr. Lee will be surprised ! 我确信李老师会很惊奇!
be surprised “感到惊奇的”, 主语一般为人；be surprising “令人惊奇的”, 主语一般为物
类似的有：interested/ interesting; excited/ exciting; bored/ boring
6. The lonely father often became angry because of the noisy children.
孤独的父亲经常由于吵吵闹闹的的孩子们而发怒了。
because of “由于”，是介词短语，后常跟名词或短语。如：
He didn’t come to school because of his illness./ because he was ill. 由于他的病，他没来上学。
We didn’t go there because of the heavy rain./ because it rained heavily.由于大雨，我们没去那儿。
7. Maria taught the children to sing lively songs and perform short,funny plays to cheer themselves up.
玛丽亚通过教孩子们唱活泼欢快的歌曲以及表演有趣的短剧来使这个家庭(重新)振作起来。
teach sb. to do sth. 教某人做某事
His mother teaches him to play the piano.他妈妈教他弹钢琴。
cheer sb. up 使…振作起来, 使…高兴起来
Our teachers cheer us up in class every day.老师使我们每天在课堂上都很高兴。
8. What did Maria go to the Von Trapp family for? = Why did Maria go to the Von Trapp?
玛丽亚为了什么目的去冯特拉普家庭？
9. … and the mother was so worried that she looked for him everywhere, …
这位母亲是如此焦急，以致于他四处寻找他。
so + adj/ adv. + that + 句子 指“如此…以致于”
三、重点语法
系表结构：Linking verb. + adj. 常见的连系动词如下:
1）be 动词：He is helpful. They are tired.
2) 表 “…起来”：look看起来; sound听起来; taste尝起来;feel摸起来 等等。如：look worried
3）表状态变化的连系动词有：get 变得; turn 转变; go变; become变成 等等。如：
In summer, the days get longer, the weather gets warmer.
In fall, the leaves turn yellow. The mother went mad.He became angry.
Topic 2 I’m really worried about Beth.
一、重点词汇：
（一）词形转换：
1.badly(反义词)well2.shy(最高级)shyest
3.understand(过去式)understood 4.suggestion(动词)suggest
5. stranger(形容词)strange 6.advice(同义词)suggestion
7.sad(名词)sadness 8. unfair(反义词)fair
9.hit(过去式)hit
（二）重点词组:
( 1 ) “be + 形容词+ 介词” 的结构:
be worried about 对……感到担心/ 焦虑
be strict with sb. 对某人严格
be strict in / about sth. 对某事严格
be pleased / satisfied with 对……满意
be popular with 受……欢迎
be angry with sb. 对某人生气
be angry at/ about sth. 对某事生气
be surprised at 对……惊奇
be mad at 对……气愤
be excited at对……兴奋
be interested in 对……有兴趣
be afraid of 对……害怕
( 2 ) 课文词组:
do badly in 在某方面表现很差
talk with sb. = have a talk with sb. 与某人谈一谈
at one’s age 在某人的年龄时
get these feelings 有这些感受
make friends with 与…交朋友
have bad experiences 有不好的经历
in one’s teens在某人十几岁时
sth. happen to sb. 某人发生某事
get used to (doing) sth. 习惯于(做)某事
what’s more 而且
give sb. some advice给某人一些建议
deal with 处理; 处置
fail to pass an exam = fail an exam 考试不及格
lose a friend or relative 失去一个朋友或亲戚
refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事
calm down (使)平静,镇静
二、重点句型及重点语言点
Anything wrong? = Is there anything wrong? 有什么麻烦吗?
形容词修饰不定代词要后置. 如:
something bad 不好的事情 everything new 一切新的事物
What seems to be the problem? 似乎有什么问题?
seem to do sth. “似乎做某事” 常与 “It seems that + 句子” 转换, 如:
He seems to know her name. = It seems that he knows her name. 似乎他知道她的名字。
seem + adj “似乎(怎样)”, 构成系表结构. 如:
You seem sad. = You seem (to be) sad.= It seems that you are sad.你似乎很伤心。
Take it easy.别紧张,别着急
Take it easy. You can do it very well.
I don’t know how to talk with others about it.
How +to do
She always tells me jokes and makes me laugh.
make sb. do sth.
The landowner made him work day and night in the old days.在旧社会,地主让他每日每夜地工作。
... when something bad happens to us. 当不好的事情发生在我们身上时。
“sth. happens to sb.”, 指“某事发生在某人身上”，是一种惯用句型。如:
A serious accident happened to his brother yesterday. 昨天,一个重大事故发生在他的兄弟身上。
happen to do sth. 指 “碰巧做某事”, 如:
I happened to see my friend Jim in the street yesterday.昨天,我碰巧在街上看到我的朋友吉姆。
How time flies! “光阴似箭!” 是 How quickly the time flies! 的简略句
I am not used to everything here. 这里的一切都让我感到不习惯。
get / be used to (doing) sth. “习惯于(做)某事” ，其中to是介词。如：
He can’t get used to the weather here. 他不习惯这儿的天气。
I am used to getting up early. 我习惯于早起。
used to do sth. 指 “过去常做某事”, 如:
He used to listen to the pop songs, but now he listens to the folk songs.
他过去常听通俗歌曲,但现在他听民歌。
9 . How does Jeff deal with his sadness? 杰夫怎样处理他的忧伤的?
How…deal with? “怎样处理?” 相当于“What ….do with?”
三、重点语法
1. 同级比较
表示两者在某一方面程度相等时,用句型 “as + 形容词/副词原级 + as + 比较对象”，表 “与……一样”。 如:
Celia is as patient as Sue. 西莉亚与苏一样耐心。
Jim draws as well as Tom. 吉姆画得与汤姆一样好。
2) 表示某人或某物在某一方面不如另一个人或另一物时,用句型 “not + as/so + 形容词/副词原级 + as + 比较对象”, 表 “不如……”。如：
Jim isn’t as tall as Tom.= Tom is taller than Jim. 吉姆不如汤姆高. / 汤姆比吉姆高。
Jim doesn’t studies as hard as Tom. = Tom studies harder than Jim.
吉姆不如汤姆学得努力。/ 汤姆学得比吉姆努力。
The roads here are not as clean as those in our hometown. 这儿的路不如我们家乡的路干净。
2．because 引导的原因状语从句: because 用来回答why提问的问句,表示的原因语气很强,一般用在主句后面,强调因果关系。
Mr. Wang looks tired because he worked late last night and didn’t get enough sleep.
Kangkang is disappointed because his best friend is not able to come.
----Why do they feel proud?
----Because a player from their country won a medal.
Topic 3 Many things can affect our feelings.
一、重点词组:
feel nervous 感到紧张
take medicine 吃药
follow the doctor’s advice 遵从医嘱
get well恢复健康
miss a lot of lessons 错过许多课
at the end of the month在月底
take it easy 别急;慢慢来
take turns to do sth. 轮流做某事
be happy for sb.为某人高兴
in a good/bad mood 处于好/坏的情绪
smile at life 笑对生活
give sb. a surprise 给某人一个惊喜
put on a short play 表演短剧
prepare for 为……作准备
get along with 与……相处
on the way home 在回家的路上
give a speech 演讲
try out 尝试;试验
in good spirits 心情好
make an important decision 做出重大决定
think over 仔细思考
bring back a sense of happiness找回幸福感
二、重点句型及重点语言点
I’m afraid of taking bitter medicine. 我害怕吃很苦的药。
be afraid of (doing ) sth. 表”害怕(做)某事/物” 如:
I am afraid of snakes. 我害怕蛇.
He is afraid of swimming. 他害怕游泳.
I feel very lonely, and my eyes are full of tears.我感到非常孤独并且满眼泪水。
三、重点语法
make + 宾语 + 形容词 “使某人怎样”
We should do something to make him happy again. ( Page 19)
Illness usually makes us sad, worried and frightened. ( Page 19)
They can make me confident and cheer me up when I am feeling sad.(Page 21)
Wearing red often makes me active. (Page 21)
Rainy days make me sad. ( Page 22)
An unhappy home environment makes me nervous. ( Page 22)
make sb. do sth. 使(让) 某人做某事
That will make him or her get well soon. ( Page 19)
The boss makes the workers work for 14 hours a day. ( Page 20)
Sometimes it makes me feel happy/sad. ( Page 21)
They can make me feel calm when I am feeling nervous. ( Page 21)
Rock music always makes me want to dance. ( Page 22)
Sad movies always make me cry. ( Page 22)
When I am happy, loud rock music makes me more excited and active. ( Page 22)
But, when I am unhappy, loud music makes me feel bored and angry. ( Page 22)
