这里小编给大家分享一些Module 8 Unit 3 Grammar(译林牛津版高二英语选修八教案教学设计)（共含18篇），方便大家学习。同时，但愿您也能像本文投稿人“blablazzz”一样，积极向本站投稿分享好文章。
Grammar and usage
Teaching aims:
Learn how to make an inversion and in what cases inversion is used.
Teaching Important and difficult point:
When and how to use an inversion.
Teaching procedures:
英语的正常语序是“主语 + 谓语”。 即主语在前，谓语在后。 有时有于句子结构的需要或表示强调，就要采去倒装形式。将谓语动词完全移到主语之前称为完全倒装；只将助动词或情态动词放到主语之前，称为部分倒装。如：.
The teacher came in. (正常语序)
In came the teacher. ( 完全倒装)
I have never seen a film so moving before. (正常语序)
Never before have I seen a film so moving.(部分倒装)
倒装结构通常用于下列情况：
㈠ 完全倒装
1. 用于there be句型。
如：There are many students in the classroom.
2. 用于“here (there, now, then) +vi +主语”的句型中，或以out, in, up, down, away 等副词开头的句子，以示强调。
如：Here comes the bus. There goes the bell.
Now comes your turn. Out went the children.
请看试题：
①--can you tell me where my uncle is?
--Yes, of course,________.
A. here your uncle comes B. here comes your uncle.
C. comes your uncle here D. your uncle here comes
注意： 代词作主语时，主谓语序不变。如：Here it is . In he comes.
请看试题：
② --Where is the report?
--________.
A. There is it B. There it is
C. There the report is D. Is there the report
3. 有时为了生动，或为了强调表语或状语，或使句子平衡而倒装。
如：
1) At the head of the queue was an old woman.
2) On the ground lay an old sick goat.
3) Also present will be a person who thinks up an idea for an advertisement.
4) Gone are the days when they could do what they liked to the Chinese people.
5) Among the goods are Christmas trees, flowers, candles and toys.
请看试题： ③In each room _____.
A. are ten students B. ten students are C. ten students there are D. ten are students
4. 用于so, nor, neither开头的句子，表示重复前句部分内容。原句的谓语应与前句谓语的时态、形式相一致。
如： He has been to Beijing. So have I.
Li Wei can’t answer the question. Neither can I.
请看试题：
④ --I’d met Philip several times before. -- ________.
A. So did I B. So had I C. I did, either D. I met, also
⑤ --Are you going there with us? --If Mary wants to go, ______.
A. I also go B. so do I C. so I will D. so will I
⑥ --Do you know Jim quarreled with his brother? -- I don’t know, _____.
A. nor don’t I care B. nor do I care C. I don’t care neither D. I don’t care also
注意：如果so 不含“也”的意思，即使打头，也不倒装。如：
---- It was cold yesterday. --- So it was.（天确实冷）
㈡ 部分倒装
1. Only修饰的状语提前时。
如： Only then did I begin to know her.
Only in this way can you learn English well.
请看试题：
④Only when he started to explain ____ the reason for this.
A. she realized B. did she realize C. she had realized D. had she realized
2. 某些表示否定意义的词,如: never, hardly, seldom, little, few, at no time, by no means, nowhere, not a bit等在句首时。
如:
1) Seldom in all my life have I met such a determined person.
2) Never shall I forget it.
3) Hardly can I believe that.
请看试题：
⑦Little ___ about his own safety, though he was in great danger himself.
A. does he care B. did he care C. he cares D. he cared
⑧Not for a moment ____ the truth of your story.
A. did he made B. he made C. did he make D. he makes
3. 当not only … but also, not until, no sooner… than, hardly… when 在句首时，要倒 装。注意在这些句型中倒装的位置。
not only… but also…句型中，前一个分句倒装，后一个分句不倒装。
如：
Not only was he forcing to stay at home, but he was also forbidden to see his friends.
Not until … 句型中，复合句的前面从句不倒装，后面的主句倒装。
如：
Not until she saw the present did she feel happy.
Not until the teacher came did he finish his homework. 。
No sooner … than…, hardly…when的句型中，后面从句不倒装，前面主句倒装。
如：
No sooner had he finished the talk than a man stood up and put forward a question. Hardly had I enter the army when I felt very proud.
请看试题：
⑨Not until his father was out of prison ____ to school.
A. can John go B. John can go C. could John go D. John could go
⑩No sooner ____ asleep than she heard a knock at the door.
A. she had fallen B. had she fallen C. she fell D. did she fall
4. 以as 引导的让步从句，谓语动词以后的部分倒装（提前到as 之前）。
如：
1) Fine as it is, I shall not go out.
2) Hard as he worked, he made little progress.
3) Child as he is, he knows a lot.
5. 省略了if的条件句中，were, had 或 should 可提前句首构成部分倒装。
如：
Were I not so busy, I should go with you.
Had he been here yesterday, he would have come to watch the football match.
Should there be a flood, what should we do?
6. 在so…that（如此…以致于）句型中，若so…提前到句首构成部分倒装。
如：
So carelessly did he drive that he almost killed himself.
So loudly did he speak that people in the next room could hear him.
7. 用于某些表示祝愿的句子。
如：
1) May you succeed! 2) Long live China!
8. 用于疑问句。如： Do you speak English?
Module 8 Unit 3 Language points
Period 1 welcome to the unit
1. be around 存在，起作用，流行
Mobile phones have been around for some time. 手机已流行很长时间了。
There’s a lot of flu around at the moment. 这一阵子流行流感。
I'll be around if you should want me. 你如需要我，我就在附近。
have been around 还有走红，阅历丰富的意思
He’s been around a lot. 他谙熟世故。
Life often makes fun of those who haven’t been around. 生活常常捉弄涉世不深的人。
2. earn money =make money 挣钱
She's working hard to earn money. 她为了挣钱而努力工作。.
earn one's living 谋生
Period 2 Reading
Words and phrases：
1. talented adj. 有才能的，能干的
talented players/ youngsters 天才运动员/神童
talent n. 天资, 才能, 禀赋;
literary talent文学才能
special talent特殊才能
have a talent for n./doing = have a gift for对...有天赋
He has a talent for music. 他有音乐天赋。
[集合词]人材, 有才干的人
He is a great talent. 他是一个伟大的天才。
There is a wealth of young talent in British literature. 英国文学年轻一代人才辈出。
2. architecture n. 建筑, 建筑学
She studies architecture in America. 他在美国学习建筑学。
architect 建筑师；设计师
An architect is a person who designs buildings.
3. amaze 使惊奇；使吃惊
Her knowledge amazes me. 她的学识令我吃惊。
be amazed to do / at (by) / that 对...大为惊奇
We were amazed to hear the news.
I was amazed at/by the news of George's sudden death.
听到乔治突然去逝的消息,我感到惊愕。
I was amazed that he had made such rapid progress in English.
amazed / amazing adj.
4. represent vt. ①表现；描写；描画
This painting represents a storm. 这幅画描绘暴风雨。
②代表；象征; 代理；
A dove represents peace. 鸽子象征和平。
On this map what does a star represent? 这地图上的星号代表什么？
We chose a committee to represent us. 我们选出一个委员会来代表我们。
③声称 represent + n +as/ to be
He represented himself as a philosopher. 他声称自己是哲学家。
representative n.代表； 代理人（与of连用） / adj.典型的, 有代表性的
a representative of a company 公司的代表
a representative collection of ancient Greek art 古希腊艺术代表作品集
5. historic adj. 有历史意义的,有历史影响的
【注意】
historic和 historical尽管在意义上有重叠的地方，但用法上有区别。
historic指历史上有重要意义的，产生重要影响的：
a historic spot古迹
a historic event 历史性事件
historical指不管重要与否而在过去存在的所有事物,和历史有关，一般和知识有关
a historical novel 历史小说
historical research 历史研究
6. calculate vt. ①计算, 考虑, 计划, 打算
calculate the cost of a journey 计算旅行费用
You need to calculate hou much time the assignment will take.
你需要计算一下要花多少时间才能完成被分配的任务。
It is calculated that... 据计算..
It is calculated that at least 47000 jobs were lost last year.
据计算，去年至少丧失了47000个工作。
②推测, 预测
It is possible to calculate what influence he had on her life.
现在无法估计他对她的生活产生过多大的影响。
be calculated to do/for sth 为适合...而设计的; 适合于
This advertisement is calculated to attract the attention of housewives.
这份广告是为引起家庭主妇们的注意而设计的。
calculate on (upon) 指望着, 期待着
We can’t calculate on having fine weather for the sports meeting.
我们不能指望着有好天气开运动会。
7. range vi. (在一定范围内)变化, 变动 range from A to B/ range between A and B
Prices ranged from 5 dollars to 10 dollars. 价格自五美元至十美元不等。
n. 行列, 范围, 射程
in the range of 在... 范围内; 在射程内 / out of [beyond] range 在射程外
a wide range of knowledge 广博的知识
the annual range of temperature每年的温度变化范围
range over v. 涉及, 包括，射程范围
The discussion ranged over various problem. 那次讨论涉及到种种问题。
The gun ranges over five miles. 这次枪的射程可达五英里多。
8. float vt. /vi. 漂浮[流], 浮起; 飘动
The ship was floated by the tide. 船被潮流冲走。
The boat floated down the river. 小船沿河漂流。
The smell of roses floated around. 玫瑰花的芳香在四周飘荡。
9. weep vi. (wept, wept) 流泪; 哭泣（常与for, over连用）
weep for the dead 哀悼死者
She wept when she heard the bad news. 当她听到这个坏消息时哭了。
He wept over his sad fate. 他为他的悲惨命运而哭泣。
10. scare vt ①恐吓，惊吓；使受惊；惊恐（常与of, to连用）
I was scared of the big dog. 我害怕这条大狗。
be scared to death 吓得要死
②把…吓跑（常与away, off, up连用）
The dogs scared the thief away. 那些狗把贼吓跑了。
11. devote vt. 献身；专心于…（与to连用）
devote …to…把...献给; 把...专用于
He devoted his life to literature. 他专心致志于文学。
He has devoted his whole life to benefiting mankind.
他为全人类的利益献出了自己的一生。
devote oneself to 致力于, 献身于; 专心于
After he has retired, he will devote himself to gardening.
退休后,他将要致力于园艺。
be devoted to 忠诚于…
Everybody knows that our director is very devoted to his wife.
从都知道我们的厂长对妻子十分忠诚。
12. distribute vt.分发, 分配, 散布, 分布
distribute sth. to/among 把某物分[配, 发]给...
to distribute books to students 给学生发书
The firm distributed its profits among its workers. 公司将利润分给工人。
distribute...over ... 把...配给到[分配到, 散布于]..
distribute seeds over a field 在田间播种
distribution n 分发，分配, 分布，散布
They couldn’t agree on the distribution of profits 他们对于利润的分配意见不一致。
13. negotiate vi, vt 谈判；协商；商谈；达成协议（常与with连用）
The government will not negotiate with them. 政府不会和他们谈判。
They negotiated a peace treaty. 他们通过谈判达成和平协议。
negotiation n. 谈判；协商；商谈
carry on negotiation with sb. 与某人进行谈判
The issue is still under negotiation. 这个问题还在商讨之中。
14. adore vt 崇拜；喜爱；爱慕
adore doing喜爱做某事
He adores the cinema. 他非常爱看电影。
She adores going to the volleyball match. 她非常喜欢看排球比赛。
15. abstract adj. 抽象的，理论上的, 深奥的, 难以了解的
abstract noun 抽象名词
Astronomy is an abstract subject.天文学是一门深奥的学科。
16. subjective adj. 主观的 反义词是objective
man’s subjective initiative 人的主观能动性
Everyone’s opinion is bound to be subjective. 每个人的意见都必定是十分主观的。
17. appetite n. 食欲, 欲望，嗜好
have an appetite for
She has an appetite for learning 她有求知欲(嗜好学习)。
to lose one's appetite 食欲不振
He has a good / poor appetite. 他胃口很好/不好。
18. assistance n.协助, 援助, 补助
financial assistance 经济资助
Can I be of any assistance to you? 我能帮你什么忙吗?
with the assistance of 在某人的帮助之下
come to sb.'s assistance 援助某人
give [render] assistance (to) 给以援助
assist v
assist sb with sth/ in doing sth/ to do
19. abandon vt 抛弃；舍弃；离弃
abandon one's home 离弃家园
He abandoned his wife and went away with all their money.
他抛弃了妻子还带走了两人所有的钱。
abandoned himself to陷入，沉湎于…
He abandoned himself to despair. 他自暴自弃。
abandoned adj. 被遗弃的
an abandoned house 被遗弃的房子
20. start from scratch从头做起, 白手起家
It was years since I’d learned any German, and I really had to start again from scratch.
我好多年没学德语了，真的要重新从头开始了。
Sentences：
1. （Line 7）I was amazed to learn that…just a painter.
我惊讶地得知，毕加索一生创作了两万多件艺术作品，而且他不仅是一位油画家。
“that” 后面的整个句子做“learn”的宾语，其中，第二个宾语从句中“that he wasn’t just a painter”中的引导词“that”不可省。
2. （Line 16）In the Louver Museum is the … artist Leonardo da Vinci.
卢浮宫里有意大利画家奥纳多﹒达﹒芬奇著名的油画《蒙娜﹒丽莎》。
本句是一个倒装句，主语the famous Mona Lisa painting 放在谓语动词is 之后，在有些句子中，由于没有宾语，而主语又比较长，可将主语放句末，将谓语放在主语前面，而将状语或表语放句首，这是一种完全倒装形式，不需要借助助动词，本句就是这种类型的句子。如：
At the top of the mountain stands a temple. 山上有座寺庙。
From the distance came occasional shots. 远处传来零星的枪声。
3. （Line 19）This painting is so valuable that … wanted to sell it.
这幅画如此珍贵，如果博物馆想卖了它，都很难为它估价。
①“so … that … ” 如此 … 以至于… 如对“so”后面的成分进行强调，放句首， “so”后面的从句要用部分倒装，即把助动词提前。
②“that”后面的从句使用的是if 引导的虚拟语气，表示与客观事实相反的情况。
4. （Line 23）Besides the works of Da Vinci, … to the 19th century.
除了达﹒芬奇的作品，卢浮宫里还藏有其他欧洲画家从13世纪到19世纪创作的六千余件作品。
① 复习一下“works”的用法
② “range from … to … ”意思是“从 … 到 … ”，“在 … 和 … 之间”
Prices ranged from 5 dollars to 10 dollars. 价格自五美元至十美元不等。
5. （Line 44）The sad thing is that although … he died in 1890.
令人可悲的是：虽然凡﹒高把自己都奉献给了绘画，但在他1890年去世前他仅卖出了一幅画。
① “devote … to … ”
② “that”后面的整个从句是is的表语，“that”引导的是一个表语从句；其中，表语从句中又是一个“although”引导的让步状语从句。
Period 4 Grammar and usage
1. Having twisted her ankle, our tour guide had to be taken to the hospital.
twist n. 一扭, 扭曲 v. 拧,扭曲
twist one's ankle 扭伤了踝骨
The papers twisted everything I said. 报纸把我的话全都歪曲了。
2. reservation n. 保留; (旅馆房间等)预定, 预约
make reservations定座, 定房间(等);
without reservation 毫不保留地
I’d like to call the restaurant and make a reservation. 我要给饭店打个电话预定座位。
Some members of the committee expressed reservations about the proposal.
委员会一些成员对这项提议持保留态度。
reserve v. 预定，预约，保留
I’ve reserved a room in the name of Jones. 我已经以琼斯的名字预定了一个房间。
These seats are reserved for special guests. 这些座位是留给贵宾的。
3. However, that hotel was booked full.
book v. 预定，预约
Book early to avoid disappointment. 及早预约，以免失望。
The performance is fully booked up. 这次演出的票全预定出去了。
4. a couple of 两个, 几个
I have a couple of things to do. 我有几件事要做。
5. hardly … when … “一 … 就 …”
通常when 前面的动词用过去完成时，后面的用过去时；
Hardly had we begun when we were told to stop. 我们刚开始就被叫停。
当否定副词hardly放在句首时，主句的主谓用倒装语序，类似的结构还有No sooner … than … ； Scarcely … when … 等，如：
Scarcely had we gone out when it began to snow. 我们刚一出来就下起雪来了。
No sooner had she reached the station than the train left. 她刚到车站火车就开走了。
Period 5 Task
1. considering prep.鉴于,考虑到,顾及
Considering his age, the little boy reads very well.
就他的年龄来说，这小孩读得算挺好的。
You managed the project well, considering your inexperience.
考虑到你缺乏经验，对你来说，这个方案你已处理得很好了。
2. bargain n ①廉价货; 廉价买到的东西
This jacket is a real bargain at such a low price. 这件夹克衫这么便宜,真划得来。
It's a real bargain. 真便宜。
②交易，合同交易，协议
make a bargain with sb （与某人）订立合同
He made a bargain with his wife 'You take care of the children and I'll cook.'
他跟妻子讲条件'你看好孩子,我做饭。'
vi讲价；谈条件
bargain with sb for/over/about sth 就 … 与 … 讲价
bargain with sb. about/for/over the price 与某人讨价还价
If you bargain with them they might reduce the price.
你讲讲价,他们可能会把价钱降低。
3. admit vt. admitted; admitting ①承认；供认
He admitted his crime. 他招认了罪行。
He never admits that he is wrong. 他从不承认自己错了。
John has admitted breaking the window. 约翰已承认打碎了窗子。
②容纳, 容许
The cinema admits about people. 这座电影院大约可坐 2000 人。
His illness admits of no delay. 他的病不容拖延。
The rules and regulations admit of no other explanation.
这些规章制度不容许有其他解释。
③许可进入，准许进入
This ticket admits two people to the football match.
这张票可供两人入场看足球赛。
admit sb. into the university 获准入大学
4. reflect vt, vi ①反射，表达；反映
A mirror reflects a picture of you when you look in it.
当你照镜子时，镜子映出你的形象。
Does this letter reflect how you really think? 这封信是否表达了你真实的想法？
②仔细考虑（常与on, upon连用）
He reflected before answering my question.
他在回答我的问题之前仔细考虑了一下。
He has to reflect on what to answer。他得考虑如何答复。
5. collection n收藏品，收集物；募捐
a large collection of stamps 大量的邮票收藏
The total collection of last week amounted ﹩250. 上周的捐款总额达250美元。
6. go back to v. 回去；重新开始；重操旧业（to是介词）
She’s decided to go back to teaching. 她已经决定重新执教。
7. present vt. ①赠送, 给予; 呈献
present a book to sb. (= present sb. with a book) 送给某人一本书
②提出; 交出
present reasons 提出理由
You must present your passport to the customs officer. 你必须把护照交给海关人员。
③介绍, 引见
Allow me to present Mr Black to you. 请允许我向您介绍布莱克先生
Period 6 Project
1. be made (out )of由…制成 /make sth. out of
The box is made out of cedar wood. 这盒子是用杉木做的。
He made a model plane out of wood. 他用木头做了一架模型飞机。
make out of... 与 make of ...的意思相同。make out of 常用于口语
They make bottles out of glass. 他们用玻璃做瓶
be made from由……制造(与 from 连用，from 后接的名词侧重指加工，(原样起化学变化)。
These wines are made from grapes. 这几种酒都是葡萄酿造的。
Bread is made from flour. 面包是由面粉加工而成的。
make sth. into 把……做成……
They make glass into bottles. 他们把玻璃制成瓶。
We made the material into a skirt. 我们把那块料子做成一条短裙。
2. serve as 可当……用；产生……效果
The sofa will serve as a bed for a night or two. 沙发可以当成床凑合一两夜。
The judge said the punishment would serve as a warning to others.
法官说这种惩罚将起到警示他人的作用。
3. cut up①切碎 ②使受苦
His mother has to cut up all the food for him.
他的妈妈不得不为他将所有的食物切碎。
Jean was really cut up when her husband left her. 在丈夫抛弃她之后，简痛苦极了。
cut out (of) 剪除；切掉；割掉
to cut out a dress 裁剪衣服
I cut the advertisement out of the newspaper. 我从报纸上剪下这则广告。
4. lay vt, vi laid, laying ① 放，置
Lay it on the table. 把它放在桌上。
Don't lay your coat on the bed. 不要把你的外衣放在床上。
②摆放好
to lay the table 摆好餐桌（摆好餐具）
Will you please lay the table for dinner? 请你摆好餐具准备吃饭好吗?
③产，下（蛋）
The hen laid three eggs. 母鸡下了三个蛋。
注意：区别lie和lay的不同点
5. disgusting adj.令人厌恶的
The dirty street was disgusting.
disgust n. 作呕, 憎恶, 反感/vt. 使厌恶, 令人作呕
to one's disgust 可厌的是; 令人作呕的是
The food disgusted me. 这食物使我感到恶心。
His behavior disgusted everybody. 他的行为遭到众人的唾弃。
6. stick vt. vi. stuck, stuck ①粘贴, 张贴
stick a stamp on a letter 把邮票贴在信上
②阻塞, 卡住, 陷在...里
The bus was stuck in the mud. 公共汽车陷在泥里动不了了。
stick to 遵守，坚持
stick to a post 坚守岗位
stick to one's words遵守诺言
7. dip vt, vi -pp- ①蘸；浸
She dipped her hand in the sea to find out how cold it was.
她把手放入海水中看看它有多凉。
②下降，下落
The sun dipped below the western sea. 太阳沉落在西方大海里。
（与into连用）翻阅，浏览；提取（存款），掏钱包
I haven’t read the report properly. I’ve only dipped into it.
我还没有好好阅读这份报告，我只是浏览一下。
She dipped into her pocket for money. 她在钱包里掏钱。
8. have a go at 试一试，尝试做，其中go是可数名词
---I can’t open the jar. 我打不开这个罐子。
---Let me have a go. 让我来试试/
● Grammar and Usage
Step 1: General introduction
The grammar items in this unit focus on negative statements. You are expected to understand the meanings of negative statements. You will also learn the ways to make a negative statement. Then you may apply what you have learnt to practical use by finishing two exercises.
Step 2: Exercises
Turn the following into negative statements:
1. They’re listening to pop music now.
________________________________
2. Many people can speak English nowadays.
_________________________________
3. You must make your bed after you get up every day.
_______________________________________________
4. His mother has a beautiful car.
________________________________________________
5. We need a pen and piece of paper.
________________________________________________
6. I need wear a warm coat.
_________________________________________________
7. The old man always goes for a walk in the park after supper.
_______________________________________________
8. The doctors volunteer in the countryside every year.
_________________________________________
9. Mike does sports in the afternoon.
________________________________
10. You’d better talk with your parents right now.
___________________________________
Keys:
1. They aren’t listening to pop music now.
2. Many people can’t speak English nowadays.
3. You don’t have to make your bed after you get up every day.
4. His mother doesn’t have a beautiful car.
5. We don’t need a pen and piece of paper.
6. I needn’t wear a warm coat.
7. The old man seldom goes for a walk in the park after supper.
8. The doctors don’t volunteer in the countryside every year.
9. Mike doesn’t do sports in the afternoon.
10. You’d better not talk with your parents right now.
Step 3: Explanation and practice
1. Make a list of the most commonly used negative words:
no, not, never, neither, hardly, seldom, few, little, barely…
2. Please decide whether it is a true statement: John Keats was a famous short story writer.
This statement is untrue. We can correct an untrue statement in the following way:
John Keats was not a famous short story writer.
3. As we learned, negative statements are often used to correct a mistaken idea. Let’s recall the ways to make negative statements.
4. Read Part 1 and Part 2. When not is used with a negative prefix, the meaning of the sentence is positive. However, the positive meaning is not as strong as that of a direct positive statement. For example:
Students are not discouraged to discuss things with their classmates. (Students are encouraged to discuss things with their classmates.)
Your actions were not inexcusable, but they were certainly not appropriate. (Your actions were excusable, but certainly not appropriate.)
It is not uncommon for him to be late. (It is very common for him to be late.)
not can be used before a phrase of time, distance or a noun phrase to emphasize the negative meaning of the phrase. For example:
It is not a long distance from the city center to the new railway station. (=It is very near from the city center to the new railway station.)
It will not be long before most people around the world know how to use a computer. (=Soon, people around the world will know how to use a computer.)
There were not many people present for the lecture. (=There were very few people present for the lecture.)
5. Read Part 3. In informal English, the negative expressions can be used with whether and if to show doubt or uncertainty. For example:
I wouldn't be surprised if they didn’t buy a house soon. (=I wouldn’t be surprised if they bought a house soon.)
I wonder whether/if I shouldn't get a haircut. (=I wonder whether/if I should get a haircut.)
I wonder whether/if I shouldn't buy a new suit. (=I wonder whether/if I should buy a new suit.)
6. Read Part 4. Pay attention to some negative expressions.
on no account, in no circumstances, never before, nowhere, at no time, by no means,
7. Read a book report written by Sharon. Try to cycle the negative statements.
Answers
A 1 … he experiences an abnormal childhood without any parents.
2 He is raised in a place with other children who also have no parents.
3 He is then sent to a workhouse, where he has to work very hard and hardly has time to relax.
4 Oliver does not like anything about the workhouse.
5 He is treated very badly and seldom has enough food or water.
6 Fagin is not a good character and cares only about himself.
7 Oliver does not know anything at first and stays with Fagin.
8 He does not want to steal from anyone, but in order to survive, Oliver is forced to become a criminal.
9 Mr Barnlow is a man without any of Fagin’s vices.
10 Unless Oliver can escape, he will never be reunited with Mr Barnlow.
11 He will have only misfortune, not a real family and the love he deserves, which is the major theme of the book.
8. Finish Part B individually.
Answers
B 1 surprised if, didn’t
2 not uncommon
3 Not many
4 wonder whether/if, shouldn’t
For reference
There are some other patterns which can be used to express negation.
1 too + adjective +to-infinitive
In this pattern too, with the meaning ‘very’, is used before an adjective. After the adjective, an infinitive is used to mean ‘(somebody) cannot do’ or ‘something cannot be done’. Sometimes for somebody can be used before the infinitive. For example:
My father is too old to have such a long journey. (=My father is very old and cannot travel so long.)
She is too happy to say a word at the party. (=She is so happy that she cannot say anything at the party.)
The box is too heavy to carry. (=The box is so heavy that no one can carry it.)
The house is too expensive for us to buy. (=The house is so expensive that we cannot buy it.)
2 few + a countable noun; little +an uncountable noun
When we use few to modify a countable noun, we mean ‘not many’, and the noun should be in its plural form. When we use little to modify an uncountable noun, we mean ‘not much’. And few or little here has the negative meaning. For example:
Few students in our class have ever read Katherine Mansfield’s short stories. (=Not many/Only one or two students in our class have ever read Katherine Mansfield’s short stories.)
We have little rain all this summer. (=It almost does not rain during this summer.)
Because few or little has the negative meaning, we do not use the negative form in question tags. For example:
Few people liked his painting at that time, did they?
There is little ink in the bottle, is there?
For reference
关于英语中的否定句
1)一般否定
I don’t know this. No news is good news.
There is no person /not a person/not any person in the house.
2)特指否定
He went to his office, not to see him.
I am sorry for not coming on time.
I don’t think/believe/suppose/feel/imagine you are right.
3)部分否定
I don’t know all of them.
I can’t see everybody/everything.
All the answers are not right.（并非所有答案都对。）
All is not gold that glitters. （闪光的不一定都是金子。）
Both of them are not right.（并非两人都对。）
4)全体否定
None of my friends smoke.
I can see nothing/nobody.
Nothing can be so simple as this.
Neither of them is right.
5) 延续否定
You didn't see him, neither/nor did I.
You don't know, I don't know either.
He doesn't know English, let alone/to say nothing of/not to speak of French.
6) 半否定句
We seldom/hardly/scarcely/barely hear such fine singing.
I know little English.
I saw few people.
7) 双重否定
You can't make something out of nothing.
What's done cannot be undone.
There is no sweet without sweat.
No gain without pains.
I can't help /keep/ laughing whenever I hear it.
No man is so old but (that) he can learn.
8)排除否定
Everyone is ready except you.
He did nothing but play.
But for your help, I couldn't do it.
9)加强否定
I won't do it at all.
I can't see it any more.
He is no longer a boy.
Step 4: Consolidation
I. Multiple choice
1. His mother had talked to him for many minutes while he was watching TV, but ＿＿＿＿.
A. a little did he hear B. little did he hear
C. little heard he D. a little heard he
2. During the war, ＿＿＿＿but also he lost his wife and his child.
A. not was his job in the lab taken away
B. not only was his job in the lab taken away
C. not merely his job in the lab was taken away
D. not just was taken away his job in the lab
3. I think this is the first time that we have met.＿＿＿anywhere.
A. Before have we never seen each other B. Never before we have seen each other
C. Each other have we seen never before D. Never before have we seen each other
4. -- The old man wouldn’t stay at home for a rest even if it rained.
-- ＿＿＿＿. He would feel sick if he stayed home for one day.
A. So would my grandpa B. So wouldn’t my grandpa
C. Neither would my grandpa D. Nor wouldn’t my grandpa
5. By no means ＿＿＿ to our plan for the trip.
A. will she agree B. she will agree C. agrees she D. will agree she
6. They went into a small house but ＿＿＿.
A. no persons did they find B. not a person found they
C. not a person did they find D. not a person they found
7. Henry often helps look after Granny Wang, but＿＿＿.
A. seldom is George B. seldom George does
C. seldom does George D. seldom looks George after Granny Wang
8. Nothing but two ancient Chinese coins ＿＿＿＿ after they took out the jar.
A. did they find in it B. they found in it
C. in it did they find D. in it found they
II. Translation
1. 这两本书都不是英国出版的。
2. 你们当中我一个也不认识。
3． 我不同意所有这些方案。
4．在他还没来之前，我们就把所有的工作都做完了。
5. 这些规章制度多不完善！
6. 未经允许，任何人不得入内。
7. 听到这个消息后，没有一个人不感到惊奇。
8. 人们直到失去了健康才知道健康的可贵。
9. 直到五月的一个星期六下午，玛格丽特才安排我与她姐姐见面。
10. 不久他就告诉了我们这件事。
11. 对他的成绩我们怎么赞扬也不过分。
12. 他刚进办公室，电话铃就响了。
13. 只有傻瓜才会做这种事情。
14. 她是班里最自私的了。
15. 他的失败完全是由于他自己的粗心大意。
Keys :
I. 1-5 BBDCA 6-8 CCB
II.
1. Neither of the books is published in England.
2. I know none of you.
3. I agree to none of these plans.
4. We had finished all the work before he came.
5. How imperfect the rules and regulations are!
6. Nobody can come in without permission.
7. Having heard the news, everybody felt surprised.
There was nobody who did not feel surprised.
There was nobody but felt surprised.
8. People do not know the blessing of health until they lose it．
9. It was not until a Saturday afternoon in May that Margaret could arrange for me to meet her elder sister.
10. It wasn't long before he told us about this affair．
11. We can hardly praise his achievement too much．
12. No sooner had he entered the office than the telephone rang．
13. None but a fool would do such a thing．
14. Nobody is more selfish than her in the class．
15. His failure was due to nothing else than his own carelessness．
Unit 1 of Module 8 Words and Expressions
Class Name No. Time Assessment
Learning Aims:
1. Learn some phrases by heart.
2. Master the usage of some important words and expressions.
Learning Important and Difficult Points:
Learn the usage of some important words and expressions such as fortune, have prejudice against, at the sight of and so on.
Learning Methods:
Learn the usage of some words and phrases through self-study and practice.
Learning procedures:
Part One－Self-exploration
I. Key phrases to remember
1. be prejudiced against 对……有偏见 2. be bent on (doing) sth.一心想要，决心要
3. make the acquaintance of 和……相识，结实 4. brand new 崭新的，全新的
5. at the sight of 看到，一看到 6. from beginning to end 从头至尾
II. Self-study of the usage of some important words and phrases
1. pity: vt. 同情，怜悯
［原句回放］He pities Oliver, takes him home, and tries to reform him. 句中pity是 ___vt.___ （词性），意思是 _同情，怜悯_ ，相当于have/take pity on sb.。而另外两个固定句式It’s a pity that...; what a pity that…却表示 __遗憾_ 意思。
1）他总是同情那些处于困境中的人，而且尽力帮助他们。
_He always pities people in trouble, and tries his best to help them_
2）她不能来是多么遗憾啊！
_What a pity that she can’t come!__
2. resist: vt. & vi. 抵抗，反抗，抵制
［原句回放］They force him back into a life of crime by pressuring him with the threat of violence if he resists. 句中 resist 的含义是 抵制，抵抗 ，它的常用句型是 vt. + n.(pron.) / doing…，常见短语是can’t resist doing…，该词组含义是 禁不住 。
小试牛刀！
1) 许多青少年禁不住沉溺于电脑游戏。（resist）
Many teenagers can’t resist being addicted to computer games.
2) I didn’t mean _A__ anything, but those apples looked so good that I couldn’t resist _____ one. （B级）
A. to eat; trying B. to eat; to try C. eating; trying D. eating; to try
4. tend : vi. 趋向，倾向；vt. 照料，看护
［原句回放］The poetry of this period is not only about love, although Romantic themes tend to be more emotional. 句中 tend to do sth. 的意思是倾向于……，往往…… 。小试牛刀！
1）据说，她在冬天往往睡得较早。（tend）
It’s said that she tends to go to bed earlier in winter.
2）疲惫的时候，人就倾向于犯错。(tend)
_When people are tired, they tend to make mistakes.__
3）请用tend的常见短语的正确形式完成下列句子：
tend to do sth.倾向于，往往；tend to/towards sth. 趋向，倾向；tend (to) sb./sth.照料
Many people _tend to_ judge things by their appearances.
Doctors and nurses _tend (to)_ the injured.
His views _tend to/towards_ the extreme（极端）.
5. stress: vt. 重读；强调，着重指出
［原句回放］The first and third lines of each section have four stressed syllables（音节）. 句中 stressed 是 _过去 分词，做 _定语 成分，意思是 _重读的_ 。
1）请辨别下列句中stress的含义：
The official stressed the importance of international trade. _强调，着重指出_
You should stress the first syllable in “happiness”. _重读___
2）必须着重指出，这项任务应当在周末之前完成。
_It must be stressed that the task should be finished before the weekend._
［拓展］stress还可用作n.，除了表示“强调，重要性；重音”之外，还可表示“精神压力，紧张”。常用搭配：under stress 类似于短语 _under pressure，意思是处于压力之下。
6. prejudice: n. 偏见
［原句回放］Money and education have changed him, and before long he develops the shortcomings of being shallow and having prejudice, even against his old companions.句中用到prejudice的短语是 have prejudice against , 意思是 _对…有偏见 。试翻译整句话，注意before long和develop的意思。
1）We must treat every naughty student ______ . （B级）
A. without doubt B. without prejudice C. without difficulty D. without mercy
2）As a teacher, you should not be prejudiced against students with low marks.=
As a teacher, you should not have prejudice against students with low marks.
3) ______ his death in 1886, the poet had become a success in his country. （B级）
A. It was before long B. Before long C. When long before D. Long before
7. be bent on doing sth.: 一心想要，决心要
［原句回放］Pip is bent on becoming a gentleman and winning Estella’s love. 句中 is bent on becoming的含义是 _一心想要成为 ，可以用相同意思的短语 _be determined to do 替换。 小试牛刀！
1) The boy student bent ______ tricks has much talent ______ painting. （B级）
A. in; in B. on; of C. in; of D. on; for
2) 她一心想长大后当一名影星。
She is bent on becoming a film star when she grows up.
3) 在演讲比赛中我击败了汤姆而赢得一等奖。
I defeated Tom in the speech contest and won the first prize.
4) Philippine president Gloria Macapagal Arroyo _____ another term in office, _____ her closest rival（对手）, film star Fernando Poe Junior. （C级）
A. won; beating B. got; winning C. got; won D. won; beat
9. at the sight of: 看到，一看到
［原句回放］Kevin was filled with sorrow at the sight of his old soccer ball, and he let out a sad sigh. 句中at the sight of的意思是 _看到，一看到 , let out a sad sigh的意思是_伤心地叹口气 。小试牛刀！
1）一看到地上躺着的蛇，那女孩惊叫了一声。（let out）
At the sight of the snake lying on the ground, the girl let out a cry of surprise.
2) ______ the pair of brand new sneakers, Tom jumped with joy. Which of the following is wrong? （C级）
A. Seeing B. At the sight of C. On seeing D. Caught sight of
3）试用sight的常见短语完成下列句子。
at the sight of; at first sight; catch sight of; lose sight of; in sight; out of sight
(1) I have been known to faint（昏倒）_at the sight of of blood.
(2) He fell in love with her _at first sight_ and believed that she was the most beautiful girl in the world.
(3) I saw her for a moment but then _lost sight of her in the crowd.
(4) I _caught sight of_ my old friend in town today and then we talked to each other.
(5) Peace is _in sight_ . （和平在望）
(6) _Out of sight_ , out of mind. （眼不见，心不烦）
4) ______ with strength for the moment, the young man raised himself completely, ______ me to stand up, too. （C级）
A. Filled; forcing B. Filled; forced C. Filling; forced D. Filling; forcing
Part Two－Self-assessment
I. Translate the following into English by using the words or phrases in the brackets
1. 他自始至终对年轻人有偏见。(prejudice/prejudiced)
He has prejudice against the young throughout.
2. 我是在一次聚会上认识他的。（make the acquaintance of）
I made the acquaintance of him at a party.
3. 决心要通过考试，大卫周末一直在学习。(bent)
Bent on passing the test, David has been studying at the weekend.
4. 当别人反对他的计划时他往往会生气。(tend)
He tends to be angry when others are opposed to him.
II. Multiple choice
1. Experts predict that all these changes will lead to ______ strong and powerful China, ______ country that will give the world a big surprise.
A. the, a B. a, / C. a, a D. a, the
2. The company is ______ to improve pay and conditions.
A. under construction B. under threat C. under pressure D. under repair
3. We watched the train until it ______ gradually.
A. lost sight B. caught sight C. came into sight D. was out of sight
4. ______ these things, he began to think over the next subject.
A. Settling down B. Having settled C. Settled down D. To settle down
5. Seeing the toy, she couldn’t resist ______ to catch it.
A. being reached out B. reaching out C. to reach out D. reach out
6. What worried me most was ______ to go abroad alone.
A. my not allowing B. having not allowed
C. my being not allowed D. my not being allowed
7. The manager is a(n) ______ of mine, so I can introduce you to him.
A. acquaint B. acquaintance C. familiarity D. friendship
8. The teacher was so angry at all ______ he was doing ______ she walked out and closed the door behind her.
A. that, that B. what, what C. that, what D. what, that
8. ______ society ______ a university, I think, is quite reasonable.
A. Comparing; to B. Compared; to C. Comparing; with D. Compared; with
9. I ______ at a party held in honor of our new major.
A. made his acquaintance B. made my acquaintance
C. made an acquaintance D. made the acquaintance
10. China is ______ building a harmonious society, in which the interpersonal credibility（诚信） will serve as the basis.
A. supposed to B. based on C. called on D. bent on
11. It is said that Oliver Twist, ______ work by Charles Dickens, was performed on ______ stage before Dickens even completed the novel.
A. the; the B. 不填；不填 C. a; 不填 D. a; a
12. I made the ______ of Mr Blake at a conference on climate change.
A. friend B. companion C. best D. acquaintance
Unit 2 Module 8 Words and expressions
班级 姓名 学号 时间 评价
Learning Aims: to learn the meanings and usages of the following words and expressions.
Learning important points: the usages of the words and expressions
Learning difficult points: the usages of the following words: star, cast, dare, desire, appeal to, exercise control over, etc.
Learning Procedures:
1. star (1) vt. 由……担任主演，由……担任主角。 （B级）
The performance was splendid. It _________ some of the world’s greatest opera singers.
演出很精彩；几位世界级顶级歌剧演唱家担当主演。
(2) vi. （在电影中）任主角、主演
Gong Li ________ ______ the film Curse of the Golden Flower directed by Zhang Yimou.
巩俐在张艺谋导演的《满城尽带黄金甲》中担任主角。
(3) star n. （娱乐或体育的）明星，名角。
There are many pictures of NBA __________ __________ on the walls of my son’s bedroom.
我儿子卧室的墙上有很多NBA篮球明星的照片。
与名词star常见的搭配：
pop music star __________________ big star ____________________
super star __________________ rising star ____________________
shining star __________________
拓展： 表示“扮演……的角色”的表达有：
___________________/___________________/____________________/_______________
2. cast (1) vt. 选派……扮演某角色，为（戏剧、角色）选派演员，（常与______连用）。
常用结构：cast sb. as/ sb. be cast as （B级）
Many great Chinese musicians, actors and singers _______ _______ ________.
许多杰出的中国音乐家、演员和歌手也参加了演出。
The director ________ ______ ________ a newly-married princess in the new film.
在新片中，导演让我 扮演一个新婚的公主。
(2) 投，掷，抛。
As soon as they reached the fishing area, the fishermen _______ _______ ________ into the sea.
渔民们一到捕鱼区就把鱼网撒进了大海。
3. dare （C级）
(1) vi. 后接不定式，可用于任何句式中。
He _______ _______ accuse me of dishonesty. 他胆敢控诉我不诚实。
I ________ _______ ________ move then. 那时我一动都不敢动。
_______ ________ ________ _______ compete against me? 你敢跟我竞争吗？
(2) aux. v. (情态动词) 过去式为 ___________。 后接动词原形，通常用于否定句、疑问句和条件状语从句中。
I ___________________think of it. 我几乎不敢想它。
_____________________ speak of it. 没有人敢说起这件事。
___________________ ask him? 你敢问他吗？
___________________________________(如果你再敢那样对我说话), you will be sorry.
(3)习语 I dare say 意思是“我猜”、“可能”、“大概”等。
我猜他会来。 ___________________________________________
我敢说今天会下雨。 ___________________________________________
4. direct vt. & vi. 导演；指导，指挥；命令，指令；负责，管理，监督
写出下列句子中direct的含义： （C级）
○1A policewoman stood in the middle of the street, directing the traffic. ________________
○2The mayor directed the crowd to move back for safety. _________________
○3Who do you know directed the American famous movie Gone with the Wind? ______________
○4Steven was asked to direct the project of designing a tunnel under the English Channel.
________________
拓展：○1 director n. _____________ ; direction n. __________________
○2direct adj. & adv. 径直，直接
Will you ________ ________ _______Hong Kong or stop in Shanghai first?
你是直飞香港，还是先在上海停一下？
比较：direct 和directly
这两个副词都有“直接地”之意。
direct: 指行路中不停步、不绕道、直奔目的地；直接地(不经过中间环节)。
directly: 指以一种直接的方式。表示时间的时候，指立刻，不拖延之意。
同义词或词组有：immediately, instantly, directly, shortly, soon, at once, right away
即时练习：用direct和directly 完成下列句子 （B级）
○1I will deal __________ with the manager of the supermarket.
○2Johnson will see you ___________ after the conference.
○3__________the manager came into the office, everyone became quiet.
○4He answered me very __________and openly
5. desire （B级）
(1) n. 愿望，心愿，要求
尽管他很贫穷，他对财富无欲望。Poor as he is, he ___________________________________.
(2) vt. 渴望，欲望
我们希望每一个中国人都幸福和健康。
We ____________________________ to all the people in China.
人们期望照管某个东西，因此他们养些自己宠爱的动物做伴侣。
People ____________________________something so they keep pets for companion.
我的女朋友希望今年她生日时我去见她。
My girlfriend _________ ________ _________ go to see her on her birthday this year.
=My girlfriend desired that _______ _______ go to see her on her birthday this year.
(3) 搭配：
have a strong desire to do sth. ________________________________
do sth. at sb’s desire _______________________________
desire sb. to do sth. ________________________________
desire to do sth. ________________________________
6. hire vt. & n. 雇佣，雇用；租用
我们委托一家广告公司替我们推销产品。
We _________________________________ to help us promote the sales of the products.
他儿子在市中心开一个汽车出租公司。
His son runs __________________________ in the center of the city.
搭配： hire and fire _________________ for hire ______________________
hire out _________________
辨析：hire/employ/rent
hire通常指短期雇用人或租用物(汽车、服装、音乐厅等)。雇用人时hire强调受雇者纯粹是为了工钱而被雇佣。
employ一般表示工业、企业、政府机构或其他方面长期雇用人，强调被雇用的人不仅看重工钱，而且还看重工作的稳定性。
rent指长期租用物品，如：租用房屋、土地等不动产。
即时练习： 用hire, employ, rent的适当形式填空 (C级)
○1This motor plant is ______________ three thousand workers.
○2We have ___________a villa in the south of France for the summer.
○3Because of poverty, I have to ________a suit for the wedding.
7. appeal (B级)
(1) n. 吸引力，感染力。为不可数名词，常与介词for连用。
这部电视连续剧对中国年轻的观众有巨大的吸引力。
This TV series ____________________________young viewers in China.
(2) n. 呼吁，恳求。为可数名词。
利比亚总统在联合国大会上呼吁发达国家给予援助。
The president of Liberia ________________________ the developed countries for aid in the UN conference.
每每有困难就伸手求援并不是个好办法。
译：___________________________________________________________________________
(3) vi. 吸引，引起兴趣（常与to连用）；呼吁，恳求
你有没有兴趣到大公司去工作？Does the idea of working for a big company _______________?
象《哈利波特》这样的书很吸引年轻学生。
译：___________________________________________________________________________
政府呼吁每个人节约用水。The government is ________________________________________.
appealing adj. 吸引人的，引起兴趣的
搭配： popular/wide appeal ________________ appeal to sb. _________________________
(make an ) appeal to sb. for sth. / to do sth. ____________________________________
8. exercise control over 对某人或某事实施控制 (B级)
The national Entrance examination is coming; I need to exercise more control over myself!
译：____________________________________________________________________________
Because of the bad injury in my arms, I couldn’t exercise control over the car on the muddy road.
译：___________________________________________________________________________
搭配：in control of ___________________ in the control of ______________________
under control ___________________ out of control _______________________
under the control of ________________ beyond sb’s control ______________________
get out of control _________________ lose control of sth. ______________________
have /gain/take control over/of sth. _______________________________
have /bring/keep sth. under control _______________________________
9. be condemned to death 被处死 （C级）
The Chinese government made a promise that if Lai Changxing is sent back to China from Canada,
_________________________________. (他将不会被处死)
搭配：put sb to death __________________ sentence sb. to death ______________________
starve to death __________________ bleed to death _______________________
fight to death ___________________ burn to death _______________________
当堂检测： 单词拼写
1.Gongli,who is a very famous actress, has s_________ in many films directed by Zhang Yimou.
2.The director c______ me a newly-married princess in the new film.
3.I d________(敢) say it will rain today.
4.Having been running for such a long time made him b__________.
5.In almost every fairy tale, there is a very h __________ prince who marries a princes.
6.Every mother has _____________( 感情 )for her children.
7.His grandfather finds music and painting very a____________ in his life.
8.You must take some o__________ activities so that you can pick up your health.
9.In 1945, the Japanese invaders surrendered ______________(无条件)
10.It is d_________ that you (should) be present at Mary’s wedding party on Sunday.
班级 姓名 学号 等第
Module 8 Unit 1 The Written World
Reading Language points
Learning Aims: 1) to learn some language points in this text to enlarge the vocabulary
2) to use the language points when doing the exercises.
Learning important points: to analyze some long and complicated sentences
Learning difficult points: how to analyze the lone and complicated sentences
Learning Procedures:
1【原句回放】They are novels, plays and poems that were written a long time ago and were so well written and well received that people still read them today.（page 2, lines 3-4）
他们是很久以前创作的小说、戏剧和诗歌，写的很好，很受欢迎，直至今日人们仍然在阅读这些作品。
【句子结构】句中第一个that 引导的是定语从句；第二个that引导的是结果状语从句。
【语言点】be well received (by …) 深受（…）欢迎 = be popular with…
在网上深受好评的那部小说很快就要出版了。
The novel well received online is coming out shortly after.
【拓展】received adj. 被承认的； receive v. 收到；接待；承受
receiver n. 电话听筒；接受者 reception n. 接纳；接待；招待会；服务台
receptionist n 招待员，接待员 reception desk 接待处
【练练看】用receive 的同根词填空
① The works of the young novelist are well received by the students.
② At the reception they are going to serve Chinese food.
③ When I picked up the receiver, the caller rang off suddenly.
2【原句回放】Many people do not read them because they think they are old-fashioned and boring, and have nothing to do with life today.(page 2, lines 8-10)
许多人不读经典文学作品是因为觉得他们过时了，枯燥乏味，与今天的生活没什么关系。
【语言点】have nothing to do with…= be nothing to do with… _与…没有关系_
他的成功与他的财富没有任何关系。
His success has nothing to do with_ his wealth.
【拓展】①have/ be something to do with…_与…有关系_
have/ be little to do with… 与…没有多少关系
这可能与他告诉琼妮真相的方式有关系。
This may have something to do with the way he told Joni the truth.
②do with 处理 He didn’t tell us what we could do with an urgent matter.
③do away with 摆脱；废除，取消 在大会上他们终于废除了过去的规定。
At the conference, they eventually did away with_ the out-of-date regulations.
3【原句回放】 They have not disappeared and still have a place in the world today.(Page2, line12) 他们并没有消失，在当今世界仍占有一席之地。
【语言点】have a place in…. 在 ….有一席之地
运动在我们的生命中应该占有非常重要的地位。
Exercise should have a very important place in our lives.
【拓展】in place 在适当的位置 in place of… 代替
in the first place_首先；第一 take the place of 代替…
take one’s place _代替某人的位置_ take place 发生___
lose one’s place 地位不保
【练练看】用place 的短语完成句子
①With everyone taking his place, the chairperson announced the opening of the ceremony.
②She is a precise(细致的) person, and likes everything in place.
③He couldn’t have eaten too much.. In the first place, he had little food at home.
④Two wood sticks were used to take the place of chopsticks at that moment.
⑤If you are absent from training once again, you might lose your place in the team.
⑥When he is absent, his son usually takes his place in the store.
4【原句回放】He died in 1870 and his tomb reads, “By his death, one of England’s greatest writers is lost to the world.(Page2, lines 24---25).
狄更斯于1870年去世，墓碑上这样写着:“他的去世令世界失去了一位伟大的英国作家。
【知识点】1) read = say 显示; 标明
She happened to see on the desk a half-opened notebook, which __①A___ “In order to keep the secretaries ___②C___, the company has decided that every Monday morning a bunch of fresh flowers should be put on each secretary’s desk.
① A. read B. was said C. written D. signed
② A. at home B. on time C. in high spirits D. in low spirits
2) by his death 由于他的死 by chance = by accident 出于偶然
【拓展】by (表示位置)在…近旁; 在身边; (表示时间)不迟于; 在…时候; (表示方向)从…中经过; (表示方式)搭乘, 通过; 抓住…; 靠, 采取; 就…而论; 按照; 凭着; (表示环境)借着…光亮; (表示程度)以…之差
①All of the applicants are supposed to be here by four o'clock. __不迟于___
②On a cold evening it is pleasant to sit by the fire. 在…近旁
③The eggs are sold by weight not by the dozen. 按照____
④We lost the match by one goal. 以…之差____
⑤They were playing cards by electric light 借着…光亮_
⑥Are you to go there by bike or by bus? 搭乘__
3)be lost to…不再属于…..所有
His losing the game means that the championship will be lost to him.
5【原句回放】Great Expectations is set in the early 1800s.(Page3, line 27).
《远大前程》以19世纪初的英格兰为背景。
【语言点】be set in… 以…为背景
那部根据狄更斯小说改编的电影是以18世纪的伦敦为背景的
The film adapted from Charles’s novel was set in London in the 1700s.
【拓展】set about doing 开始做某事，着手做某事 set off 引爆；引起；出发
set up=found; establish 建立 set out to do着手做某事
set out a plan 制定出一项计划 set out for 启程…去
set sb. free from 把某人从…中释放 set sth aside 把…放到一边，留出
【练练看】①Thanks to the new education policy, we are set free from the learning load.
②He was achieved what he _ set out _ to do two years ago.
③We set about finding the truth behind the mystery.
④The family album set off my homesickness.
⑤Two days later, they set out/ off for Spain.
⑥The director particularly enjoyed their sketch(素描) set in a small farm court.
6【原句回放】Pip’s sister seldom has a kind word to say, but Joe is a kind and simple man, who would rather die than see any harm come to Pip.(Page3, lines29---31)
Pip的姐姐几乎没有什么善言好语，但Joe却是一个淳朴善良的人，他宁愿死也不愿意看到受到伤害。
【语言点】1) simple adj. simply adv. simplify vt.
①He turned on the television _simply__ to kill time.
②She ate a _simple_ dinner of rice and some steamed buns.
③If simplified_, the problem would be fairly easy for the beginners.
2) would rather… than… 宁愿…而不… would do…rather than do…
prefer to do… rather than do… Rather than do…, prefer to do
prefer (doing) sth…to (doing) sth
Miss Zhu宁愿待在办公室备课也不回家休息。(用各种不同句型翻译)
略_（没有固定答案）_________________.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________【拓展】1) rather than “而不是”，后接名词，动名词，介词短语，动词，或句子
instead of… “而不是”，“代替，取代”， 后接名词，动名词，介词短语
in place of … “代替，取代” 后接名词
Some students go to school with the purpose of wasting time rather than/ instead of learning knowledge.
She left rather than remained to help the trapped worker.
You can use milk rather than/ instead of/in place of cream in this recipe.
2) or rather 更确切地说 He came home late last night,___________ early this morning.
A. rather than B. would rather C. or rather D. or else
7【原句回放】Money and education have changed him, and before long he develops the shortcomings of being shallow and having prejudice, even against his old companions. (Page3, lines41---43)
金钱和教育改变了他，不久他养成了浅薄、偏见的缺点，甚至歧视昔日的同伴。
【语言点】1) before long 不久以后 long before 很久以前
We will get away from our parents before long, which we have been longing for.
It’ll be not long before the couple go abroad for further study.
2) develop the shortcomings (of…) 养成…缺点
cure sb of the shortcomings (of...) 改掉…缺点
你应该改掉考试作弊的缺点
You should cure yourself of the shortcoming of cheating in the exam.
3) 对….有偏见 have prejudice against _=be prejudiced against…
Some companies _____________ taking on female employees.
A. have prejudiced against B. are prejudice against
C. are prejudiced against D. have prejudice for
8【原句回放】The best part of the story is when Pip make the acquaintance of the man who gives him his fortune.(Page 5, last line)这个故事最好的部分是Pip认识给他钱的人的时候。
【语言点】acquaintance n. 相识，熟人
make the acquaintance of…认识，结识…=make one’s acquaintance
be acquainted with… = be familiar with 熟悉…_
At the seminar(研讨会)，our English teacher _________________ many foreign experts.
A. was acquainted with B. made the acquaintance of
C. was familiar with D. acquainted
Reading 重点短语
1.be well received 受到好评 2.have a place in…在…中占一席之地
3. be made into…被制成… 4. at a time 曾经，一度；一次
5.have nothing to do with… 与…无关 6. be lost to…对…来说失去了
7.be set in… 以…为背景 8. would rather … than… 宁可…也不…
9. free from 不受…的伤害 10.be prejudiced against…对…有偏见
11. make an abrupt decision 突然决定 12.a constant reminder of…不断提醒…
13.can hardly wait to do 迫不及待做… 14.develop the shortcomings of…养成…缺点
15.be bent on 决意要，一心想要 16.a persuasive essay 有说服力的文章
17.convince sb to do 说服某人做… 18.make the acquaintance of…结识，认识
随堂训练
选择所给短语填空，并注意所给短语的适当形式。
have a place in, make …into…, at a time, set…free from, have nothing to do with,
have prejudice against, make the acquaintance of, be set in, be bent on, be lost to
1.The driver claimed that the accident had nothing to do with him.
2.The doctor _has a very important place in curing heart disease.
3.Her old dress was made into a skirt so that her daughter could were it to the party.
4.I’m so pleased that I made the acquaintance of the famous writer at the meeting.
5.Nowadays an increasing number of young men are bent on becoming famous overnight.
6.The movie set in an ancient China was adapted from his novel.
7.Because of financial crisis, my parents were out of work at a time.
8.All the other wild animals were finally set free from their cages.
9.His mother’s death meant his only loved one was lost to him for ever.
10.We shouldn’t _have prejudice against the people with disability.
Unit 3 of Module 8－Language Points of Reading
Class Name No. Time Assessment
Learning Aims:
1. Learn how to use some important words and expressions in the text.
Learning Important and Difficult Points:
1. The usage of some words and expressions such as more than, range from…to…, negotiate, in the field, and so on .
Learning Methods:
1. Learn the usage of some important words and phrases through self-exploration and practice.
Learning procedures:
Part One－Self-exploration
I. Key phrases to remember
1. talented artists 有天赋的艺术家 2. range from … to … 从 … 到 …
3. in the field of astronomy 在天文学领域 4. create abstract artwork 创作抽象作品
5. be known for 因为… 而有名 6. start from scratch 白手起家
7. be amazed to learn sth 惊讶地得知 8. with the assistance of 在…的帮助下
9. a life story 生平故事 10. it is subjective to say 主观地说 …
11. have a long history of 有悠久的历史 12. have an appetite for life 热爱生活
13. oil paintings 油画 14. still lifes 静物
15. devote his whole self to 献身于 16. negotiate a successful sale谈成一笔生意
17. towards the end of his life到生命的后期 18. be off to another museum 动身去…
II. Self-study of the usage of some important words and phrases
1［原句回放］I am amazed to learn that Picasso produced more than 20,000 pieces of art and that he wasn’t just a painter. 句中第一个that 引导的是 __宾语_______ 从句，第二个that引导的是 _宾语_________ 从句，第 ____2__个从句中的that 不可省略。be amazed to do的意思是 ___惊讶地得知___________ ，more than 的意思是 __超过_____________ ，no more than 的含义是 ____仅仅__ 。小试牛刀！
1）我们很惊异地发现竟没有人受伤。
__We were amazed to find that no one was injured
2）请写出 more than在下列句子中的含义：
Her performance was more than good; it was perfect. 极其，非常
The consequence was much more than he imagined. 远超过
She was more sad than angry when her son lied again. 与其。。。不如。。。
He is more than a teacher; he is also my friend. 不仅仅
3) - Did you take enough money with you?- No, I needed ___C___ I thought I would.（B级）
A. not so much as B. as much as C. much more than D. much less than
4) You are ___B___ careful than your brother. You two can't do the work that needs care and skill. （C级）
A. not more B. no more C. not less D. no less
2.［原句回放］He developed different styles of painting, including cubism, which is a type of art where things are represented as geometric shapes. 句中which 引导的是 ___定_______ 从句 ，where 引导的是 __定语________ 从句。develop different styles of painting 的含义是 ___创造了不同的绘画风格___________________________ ，represent在句中的含义是 _____描绘，呈现______________ 。represent (v.) 还有“代表”的意思。 ［拓展］representative n.代表；代理人；adj.典型的, 有代表性的；representation n.表现，代表，代理。 小试牛刀！
1）这幅绘画作品描绘了古时候狩猎的场面。（a hunting scene）
The painting represents a hunting scene in the ancient time.
2) The competition attracted over 500 participants __A____ 8 countries. （B级）
A. representing B. presenting C. presented D. represented
3) Whisky ___C___ a large percentage of alcohol. （B级）
A. includes B. is included C. contains D. is containing
3.［原句回放］This painting is so valuable that it is difficult to calculate what its price would be if the museum wanted to sell it. 该句中含有 _so…that__________ 句型，valuable的含义是 ___宝贵的__________ 。what 引导的是 ___宾语________ 从句，该从句用了 _虚拟_______ 语气。 calculate 的含义是 ___计算____________ 。［拓展］it is calculated that 据计算 ，据估计；
小试牛刀！
1) 先让我估算一下这趟旅行的费用，然后再作决定。
___I will calculate the cost of the travel and then I’ll make a decision.
_2) 如果我是你，我会好好珍惜宝贵的时间。
___Were I you, I would treasure the precious time.
3) The necklace your boyfriend gave you was made of glass, so it is ___C___ . （C级）
A. valuable B. priceless C. worthless D. of value
4）___B___ she ______ yesterday, she would meet the famous singer today. （C级）
A. Hadn’t; left B. Had; not left C. If; didn’t leave D. Didn’t; leave
4.［原句回放］He made a lot of scientific discoveries that he shared with the world, particularly in the field of astronomy. 该句中 share with 的意思是 __与。。。分享____ ， particularly 的含义是__尤其，特别_______________ ，同义词（组）有 __in particular_ ，especially_ 。in the field of的含义是 __在。。。领域_____________ 。 小试牛刀！
1）夫妻应该同甘共苦。
_____Couple should share happiness and sorrow.
_2）他在科学领域取得了重大突破。
He made/achieved a major breakthrough in the field of science.
3) People tend to be sleepy in summer, __B____ at noon. （B级）
A. particular B. especially C. specially D. rarely
5.［原句回放］I think it would feel very peaceful to live there. 该句中feel 是 _系______ 动词，It作为 ___形式主语________（成分）。小试牛刀！
1) ___D___ smooth and soft, the silk made in Suzhou is well-known in the world.（B级）
A. Felt B. Touched C. Feels D. Feeling
2) My parents have always made me _D_____ about myself, even when I was twelve.（B级）
A. feeling well B. feeling good C. feel well D. feel good
6.［原句回放］He had an appetite for life and enjoyed exploring the working of objects and animals. 句中had an appetite for的含义是 _喜欢______________________ ， explore 的意思为 __探索__________ ，其名词形式为 ___exploration_____________ 。［拓展］to one's appetite 合某人的口味（心意）；lose one‘s appetite 食欲不振；
1）他有很强的求知欲。
__He has a strong appetite for knowledge
2）他生病时完全没有食欲。
____He completely lost his appetite when he was ill.
3) There were two loud __B____ and then the building burst into flames. （B级）
A. explorations B. explosions C. expressions D. exports
7.［原句回放］In fact, he abandoned them and starting from scratch, created a style of art known as cubism. 该句中abandon的含义是 ____遗弃__________________ ，starting from scratch 的含义是 _______白手起家___________________ ，known as 在句中作为 ___状语_ ________成分，含义是 _____因为。。。而有名___________ 。
［拓展］abandon sth to sb/sth 放弃，舍弃；abandon oneself to (doing) sth 陷入，沉湎于某种情感；abandoned adj. 被遗弃的，被丢弃的；scratch the surface of sth. 隔靴搔痒，
1) 他抛弃了妻子还带走了两人所有的钱。
He abandoned his wife and took away all their money
2) 他陷入绝望。
_ He abandoned himself to despair.
3) He scratched the insect bite on his leg.
他在他腿上搔虫咬的地方。
4）He ______ the police because of his previous criminal record. （B级）
A. is known as B. is known for C. is known to D. is famous as
Part Two－Self-assessment
I. Translate the following into English by using the words or phrases in the brackets
1. 在做数学作业的时候，你不比他细心（都粗心）。 (no more than)
You are no more careful than him when doing maths homework.
2. 他的兴趣爱好很广泛，从下象棋到帆船。 (range from… to…)s of h
He has lots of hobbies , ranging from chess to sailing
_3. 这个女孩很有天赋又勤奋，肯定前途无量。 (talented, diligent, promising)
The girl was talented and diligent. She is certain to have a promising future.
4. 我们应该通过协商的方式解决问题，而不是武力。（by negotiation）
We should solve problems by negotiation, rather than by force.
II. Multiple choices1.
1. The representatives were seen ______ with the employers about their pay.
A. seated and was negotiated B. seating and negotiated
C. seated, negotiating D. seating to be negotiated
2. - Was Mary still angry with me?
-To tell the truth, ______ reading your letter, she didn’t open it.
A. but for B. far from C. rather than D. no wonder
3. ______ population into consideration, the city has actually a much larger population than estimated before.
A. Taking floating B. To take floating C. Taking floated D. Taken floated
4. With all the people ______ the roof, it wasn’t long before we finished it.
A. assisted in mending B. assisting in mending
C. assisted with mending D. assisting with mending
5. We found a little baby ______ at the street corner.
A. abandoning B. abandoned C. to abandon D. to be abandoned
6. Don’t abandon yourself ______ the football match.
A. to watch B. to observe C. to watching D. to observing
7. We must ______ all the possibilities of the solution to the problem.
A. search B. explore C. examine D. discover
8. We negotiated ______ the school master ______ the tuition increase.
A. on; with B. with; of C. with; about D. with; to
9. Cubism is a 20th century style of art, ______ objects ______ as geometric shapes.
A. that; represented B. where; are presented
C. which; are presented D. in which; are represented
10. So amused ______ that I couldn’t help laughing all the time when I was watching Zhao benshan’s comedy “Donation”.
A. Had I felt B.I felt C. did I feel D.I was feeling
No pains, no gains!
Reading Appreciating Literature
编写:尤丽莉 柏玉 审阅：陈兰
一、学习目标及重难点
1.To help the students to understand the text
2.To learn the reading strategy
3.To learn the vocabulary about the text
二、预习、讨论
（一）单词拼写
1.经典的 adj. 2 古董n.
3 文学的 adj. 4 被承认的 adj.
5 智慧 n. 6 灰尘 n.
7 改编 n. 8 作品 n.
9 章 n. 10 单纯的 adj.
11 不确定 n. 12 紧张 n.
13 转弯 n&v 14 情节 n.
15 慷慨的 adj. 16 财富 n.
17 金融的 adj. 18 突然的 adj.
19 持续的 adj. 20 破旧的 adj.
21.缺点 n. 22. 浅薄的 adj.
23. 偏见 n. 24. 严格的 adj.
25. 有教养的 adj. 26. 主题 n.
27 .财富 n. 28.花哨的 n.
（二）讨论并回答问题
1. What is classic literature?
2. Who is Charles Dickens?
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3.How old is Rip when the story begins?
三、要点剖析
1. They are novels, plays and poems that were written a long time ago and were so well written and well received that people still read them today. (P2) 它们是很久以前创作的小说，戏剧和诗歌，写得很好，很受欢迎， 直至今日人们仍然在阅读这些作品。
so…that…
so...that结构中的so为副词，后面跟形容词或副词；such...that中的such为形容词，后面接名词 (名词前可以有形容词或副词修饰)。例如：
He became so angry that he couldn't speak. 他变得很生气，以致说不出话来。
It was such a fine day that we went out for a walk. 那是一个很晴朗的日子，我们出去散步。
2.receive
v. [T] 1) to get or be given sth.: 收到
Did you receive my letter?
I received a phone call from your mother.
They received a visit from the police.
2) to be able to hear someone's voice when they are communicating with you by radio: (无线电)接收
I'm receiving you loud and clear.
3) to react to sth. or someone in a particular way that shows how you feel about it or them: 被承认的,受欢迎的
The prime minister's speech was well/warmly/coldly, etc. received by the conference delegates.
3. Many people do not read them because they think they are old fashioned and boring, and have nothing to do with life today… (P2) 许多人不读经典文学作品是因为觉得它们过时了，枯燥乏味，与今天的生活没有任何关系。
have nothing to do with
与...无关
be/have something to do with
to be related to sth. or a cause of sth. but not in a way that you know about or understand exactly: 与…有关
I'm not sure what he does exactly - it's something to do with finance.
It might have something to do with the way it's made.
4. He first published many novels one chapter at a time in newspapers, and some were later performed on stage. (P2) 他的许多小说起初是在报纸上连载, 每次一章, 有些作品后来被搬上了舞台.
at a time
dealing with things separately: 每次,一次
If you raise your hands, I’ll answer your questions one at a time.
Frank took the stairs two at a time.
Because of his work, he is often away for weeks at a time.
time常用短语及用法
once upon a time
used at the beginning of children's stories to mean 'a long time ago': 很久很久以前
Once upon a time there was a beautiful young princess with long golden hair.
at the same time
despite this: 与此同时,尽管如此
No-one likes conflict, but at the same time we have to deal with this problem.
all the time
continuously: 一直,总是
I wish you'd stop criticizing me all the time.
for the time being
for a limited period: 暂时
Leave the ironing for the time being - I'll do it later.
in no time (ALSO in next to no time)
very quickly or very soon: 很快,不久
The children ate their dinner in no time.
ahead of time
in advance: 提前
Let's meet for lunch. I'll call you ahead of time to fix up exactly when and where.
at any time
ever: 任何时候
Parking is not allowed here at any time.
at (any) one time (ALSO at a time or at any given time)
at or during any particular point or moment in the day:
Only a certain number of people are allowed in the building at any one time.
I'm sorry, but I'm too busy to help you now - I can only do one thing at a time.
at the time
at the particular point when sth. was thought of or done: 当时,此时
It seemed like a good idea at the time.
in time
early enough:及时
I got home just in time - it's starting to rain.
If we don't hurry up, we won't be in time to catch the train.
We arrived in good time (= We arrived early) for the start of the match.
from time to time
sometimes but not often: 时不时的
From time to time I still think of her
at one time
in the past: 曾经,一度
At one time, George Eliot lived here.
5. Pip’s sister seldom has a kind word to say, but Joe is a kind and simple man, who would rather die than see any harm come to Pip.（P3）皮普的姐姐几乎没有什么善言好语，但乔却是一个淳朴善良的人，他宁愿死也不愿意看到皮普受到任何伤害。
would rather
The phrase would rather means ‘prefer to do sth.’. It is usually shortened to ’d rather in informal English.
I’d rather have a quiet night in front of the TV.
We could go to the park for a picnic next Sunday if you would rather do that.
She’d rather go shopping in the afternoon.
The phrase would rather --- than --- means ‘to prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. else’.
I’d rather stay at home than go shopping in the crowded department store.
I’d rather go to the cinema to watch a new film than watch an old one at home.
She’d rather read storybooks than watch cartoon films.
6. Excited by his move to London, Pip can hardly wait to begin his new life. (P3) 搬到伦敦让皮普兴奋不已，他迫不及待地开始了他的新生活。
hardly
adv. only just; almost not: 几乎不
I could hardly hear her at the back.
11. Pip is bent on becoming a gentleman and winning Estella’s love. (P3) 皮普一心要成为一名绅士，赢得爱斯特拉的芳心。
bend
v. [I or T] (bent, bent) 1) to (cause to) curve: (使)弯曲
I bent down and picked up the coins lying on the road.
After her fall she complained that she couldn't bend her leg properly.
2) to unwillingly accept the opinions or decisions of other people: 向……屈服
The local council was forced to bend to public pressure.
n. [C] a curved part of sth.: 弯头
There's a bend in the pipe so you can't see from one end to the other.
be bent on
The crowd of young people was bent on violence.
7. make the acquaintance of (P5)
acquaintance
n. [C] a person that you have met but do not know well: 见过的人
a business acquaintance
[U] FORMAL used in some expressions about knowing or meeting people:
It was at the Taylors' party that I first made his acquaintance (= first met him).
have a nodding acquaintance with sb./sth.
to know someone slightly or have a slight knowledge of a subject:
She has only a nodding acquaintance with the issues involved.
高二英语作业一
班级_____ 姓名______学号________
I 填词与 翻译
1. Classics are the __________ of the literary world.
2. In a modern __________________ of Charles Dicken’s novel appeared in cinemas.
3. There is a ____________ in the plot when a very _____________ stranger gives Pip a lot of money. Pip is about 18 when this happens, and the ___________ stes him free from _________ worries. Pip makes the _________ decision to move from Kent, which is a __________ __________ of his ____________ beginnings to the bright lights of London
4 我想这些经典小说如果与现代生活没有关系的话，是不会被编成影片的
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
5 不久他养成了浅薄 偏见的缺点，真挚歧视以前的同伴.
____________________________________________________________________
II单选
1 His headache has nothing to do _____ the operation.
A for B on C with D /
2 He may go home, he will have nothong to do _____ next week.
A for B on C with D /
3 If I _____ to do this test, I should do it in another way.
A were B was C am D are
4 Not only _______ problem very important, but it is a difficult problem to be solved at once.
A this is B is this C this are D are this
5 My aunt invited me to the movies, but I said I would rather ______ on a picnic with the girls.
A going B gone C went D go
6 He is full of racial prejudice ______ career habits.
A for B against C with D from
7 He was bent _______ them happpy.
A on making B making C in making D to make
8 The novel Oliver Twist ____ England _____ was about a poor boy who had only misfortune, not a real family and the love he deserved.
A. was set in; in 1830 B. was set in; in the 1839’s
C. set in; in the 1830s D. set in; in 1830s
9 After his mother died, Oliver was ____ in a placde with other children who also had no parents.
A. brought up B. kept C. risen D. raise
10 His great height ____ him to play baskeball.
A. fitted for B. fitted C. suited D. suited for
11 Poor health comes ____ shabby eating habit.
A. after B. as a result C. as a result of D. resulting in
12 I like ____ when you told that joke.
A. it B. him C. that D. what
13 The sheer size of the cathedral is a constant reminder ____ the trourists ____ the power of teligion.
A. for; to B. for; of C. to; as D. to; of
14 I spent much time talking to him, but he wasn’t ____ happier.
A. much B. far C. any D. rather
15 The film company plans ____ the film before Chistmas.
A. realsing B. coming out
C. to be published D. to release
CDABD BACAB CADCD
Step1: Lead in
1. Do you know some famous works of the Chinese literature?
2. What about the foreign literature?
3. Who is the author of the Great Expectations?
Step 2: Background information of Charles Dickens.
Resources
Charles Dickens was born on 7 February 1812 in Portsmouth, England. He had a happy childhood after his family moved to Chatham. At the age of 12, Dickens had to leave school because his father was imprisoned for debt. The poverty and adversity Dickens experienced as a child greatly influenced his later views on social reform. Before his death on 9 June 1870, he wrote about 15 major novels and many short stories, most of which are famous for their surprising endings. If you want to learn more about this great novelist, you may visit the following website:
www.helsinki.fi/kasv/nokol/dickens.html
Step 3: Fast reading for general ideas
Go through the passage as quickly as possible and try to find answers to the three questions in part A on Page 2. Just focus on and identify the information needed to answer these questions.
Step 4: Detailed reading for important information
Let’s read the passage a second time and complete answer the questions.
1. Some people think that classics are old-fashioned because of the following statements except __________.
A. they were written a long time ago.
B. the language used in them is quite different from the language used today.
C. they are difficult for people to understand.
D. They can only be found in bookshops and libraries.
2. Which of the following statements is wrong?
A. Clueless, the award-wining film is based on Charles Dickens’s novel.
B. the film based on Great Expectations was released in 1998.
C. At first, Charles Dickens published many novels in newspaper.
D. Good classics are examples of great writing and wisdom.
3. When and where is Great Expectations set in?
A. in the USA in the 1800s. B. in England in the early 1800s.
C. in England in 1812.. D. in the USA in 1870.
4. What is /are the theme(s) in Great Expectations?
A. Wealth does not buy happiness.
B. What it means to be a gentleman.
C. Friends are more important than a fancy education.
D. All of the above.
5. According to the author, classic literature_____.
A. is old-fashioned and boring
B. has nothing to do with life today
C. is novels that can be made into films
D. still has a place in today’s world
6. What is the author’s intention in writing the article?
A. She tries to convince us to adopt a new point of view towards classics.
B. She asks us to reconsider our ideas about the films based on classics.
C. She tells us that classics are the antiques of the literary world.
D. She suggests that there are enough classics in bookshops and libraries.
Step 5: Post-reading activities
.Please fill in the blanks.
Charles Dickens
(Lived from_______ to ______): born in ________; is considered as __________________. His best-known works such as ___________, __________________,________________,_____________.
About Great Expectations
The symbol:____ meaning:_________________
The theme:______________________________ wealth and friendship
Background/Setting:_________________________
Character development of Pip:
At 7:_______________________________
At 18:______________________________
In London: developed _________________________________________;hoped to be a gentleman and __________________
At the end: understood that wealth does not buy happiness and friends are __________________________
Step 6: Reading Strategy
Discussion: What makes a good persuasive essay?
分词练习
1. There was a terrible noise _____the sudden burst of light .
A. followed B. following C. to be followed D. being followed
2. The first textbooks ____for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century .
A. having written B. to be written C. being written D. written
3. The next morning she found the man _____in bed dead .
A. lying B. lie C. lay D. laying
4. What’s the language ______ in Germany .
A. speaking B. spoken C. be spoken D. to speak
5. She’s upstairs______ letters .
A. writes B. is writing C. write D. writing
6. Most of the articles _____ to the party were from South Africa .
A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. had been invited
7.The computer center , ____ last year , is very popular among the students in this school .
A. open B. opening C. having opened D. opened
8.The speaker raised her voice but still couldn’t make herself ____.
A. hear B. being hearing C. to hear D. heard
9.The salesman scolded the girl caught ______ and let her off .
A. to have stolen B. to be stealing C. to steal D. stealing
10.She set out soon after dark____ home an hour later .
A. arriving B. to arrived C. having arrived D. and arrived
11.With trees , flowers and grass _____ everywhere , my native town had taken on a new look .
A. planting B. planted C. to plant D. to be planted
12.You will find the word “psychology” ____under “ p” in your dictionary .
A. have listed B. list C. listed D. listing
13.In the past few years , we have had thousands of trees_____ around our school .
A. plant B. plantedC. planting D. being planted
14.Is this the recorder you want_____?
A. to have repaired B. to repair it C. to have it repaired D. it repaired
15.She was glad to see her child well____ care of .
A.take B. to be taken C. taken D. taking
16.The result of the entrance exams was not made______ to the public until last Thursday .
A. knowing B. known C. to know D. be known
17.He found them___ at a table ____.
A.sat…to play chess B.sitting…to play chess C. seated…playing chess D. seat…playing chess
18.I can make you _____ what I say , but you can’t make yourself ____ in English .
A. understand… undertstand B. understand….understood
C. to understand…understand D. understand… to be understood
19.The girl asked him not to leave the door_____.
A. to close B. closed C. to be closed D.closing
20.I have often heard the “ABC Song”_____, but I have never heard Alice_____ it .
A. to be sung B. being sung…sang C. sung…sing D. sang…singing
21.John rushed out in a hurry, ____ the door____ .
A. leaving …unlocked B. leaving…unlocking C. left…unlocked D. to leave …unlocking
22.Before she came to England , she had never heard a simple English word____.
A. speaking B. spoken C. to speak D. speak
23.____poor at English , I’m afraid I can’t make myself___.
A. To be…understand B. I’m …to understand C. Being…understanding D. Being…understood .
24.I have had my bike_____ , and I’m going to have somebody______ my radio tomorrow .
A. repair… to repair B. repairing…to be repaired
C. repaired…repair D. to repaire…repairing
25.---- Who are you going to have_____ this letter for you ?
----- My secretary .
A. type B. typed C. been typed D. been typing
26.____ the room , the nurse found the tape recorder_____ .
A. Entering…stealing B. Having entered…to be stolen
C. To have entered…being stolen D. Entering…gone
27.When his wife returned ,the husband noticed her hair____short .
A. cutting B. to be cut C. being cut D. cut
28.The students are told to have their homework _____ in before tomorrow afternoon .
A. hand B. to hand C. handed D. handing
29. We are pleased to see the problem_____ so quickly .
A.settled B. settling C. be settled D. having been settled
30.I could feel the wind_____ on my face from an open window .
A. to blow B. blowing C. to be blowing D. blown
答案：1---5 ：B D A B D 6---10 : A D D D D 11---15 : B C B A C
16---20: B C B B C 21.---25 : A B D C A 26---30 : B D C A B
1. the house on fire, he dialed 119.
A.To see B.Seeing C.Having seen D.Being seen
2.I fell down and broke three of my teeth. I wonder how many times I have to come here and get my false teeth .
A.fix B.fixing C.fixed D.to fix
3.We're to listen to her voice. It's to hear her sing.
A.pleased; pleasing; pleasure B.pleased; pleasant; a pleasure
C.pleasing; pleased; a pleasure D.pleasing; pleasant; pleasure
4. a post office, I stopped some stamps.
A.Passed, buying B.Passing, to buy
C.Having passed, buy D.Pass, to buy
5. with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain does not seem high at all.
A.Comparing B.To compare C.Compared D.Having compared
6.Here are some new computer programs for home buildings. A.designing B.design C.designed D.to design
7. a little money, Jimmy was able to buy his mother a lovely new lamp. A.To save B.Saving C.Saved D.Having saved
8.The teacher came into the classroom by his students.
A.following B.to be following C.followed D.having followed.
9.With the money , he couldn't buy any ticket.
A.to lose B.losing C.lost D.has lost
10.There was so much noise in the room that the speaker couldn't make mself______. A.being heard B.hearing C.heard D.hear
11.The result of the test was rather .
A.disappointed B.disappointing C.being disappointed D.disappoint
12.I've never heard the word in spoken English.
A.use B.used C.using D.useing
13. how to do the homework, I went to ask my teacher for help.
A.Not to know B.Not knowing C.Knowing not D.Not known
14.Deeply , I thanked her again and again.
A.being moving B.moved C.moving D.to be moved
15.With winter on, it's time to buy warm clothes.
A.came B.comes C.come D.coming
16.______ the office, the foreign visitors were shown round the teaching building.
A.Having shown B.Showing C.Has shown D.Having been shown
17.He went from door to door, waste papers and magazines.
A.gathering B.gathered C.gather D.being gathered
18.The student corrected his paper carefully, the professor's suggestions.
A.follow B.following C.followed D.being followed
19.People in the city do not know the pleasure of country life.
A.live B.to live C.lived D.living
20.The foreigner tried his best, but he still couldn't make his point .
A.understand B.understanding C.to understand D.understood
21.The scientists were waiting to see the problem .
A.settle B.settled C.to settle D.settling
22.The ground is with leaves.
A.covering, falling B.covered, falling
C.covered, fallen D.covering, fallen
23.Lessons easily were soon forgotten.
A.to learn B.learn C.learned D.learning
24.The wallet several days ago was found in the dustbin outside the building.
A.stolen, hidden B.stealing, hiding C.stealing, hidden D.stolen, hiding
25.A person a foreign language must be able to use the foreign language all about his own.
A.to learn, to forget B.learning, to forget
C.to learn, forgetting D.learning, forgetting
26. different kinds of pianos, the workers farther improved their quality.
A.To produce B.Being produced C.Produced D.Having produced
27.The students in the university are all taking courses a degree. A.coming to B.going to C.leading to D.turning to
28.Many things impossible in the past are very common today.
A.consider B.considering C.considered D.be considered
29. many times, he still couldn't understand.
A.Having been told B.Having told C.He having been told D.telling
30.China is one of the largest countries in the world, 9.6 million square (平方)kilometres.
A.to cover B.covered C.covers D.covering
31.“We must keep a secret of the things here”, the general said, at the man in charge of the imformation office.
A.discussed, stared seriously B.being discussed, seriously staring
C.to be discussed, seriously stared D.discussed, stared
32.The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks, that he had enjoyed his stay here.
A.having added B.to add C.adding D.added
33. the composition, John handed it to the teacher and went out of the room. A.Writing B.Having written C.Written D.Being written
34.Were you when you saw that wild animal?
A.fright B.frightening C.frightened D.frighten
35.Properly with numbers, the books can be easily found.
A.marked B.mark C.to mark D.marking
36.At this moment the bell rang the end of class.
A.announce B.announcing C.announced D.to announce
37.He walked down the hills, softly to himself.
A.sing B.singing C.sung D.to sing
38.I had to shout to make myself above the noise.
A.heard B.hearing C.hear D.to hear
39.The graduating students are busy material for their reports.
A.collect B.to collect C.collected D.collecting
40.The cars in Beijing are as good as those in Shanghai.
A.produce, produce B.produced, produced
C.produced, producing D.producing, producing
41.When I came in, I saw Dr. Li a patient.
A.examine B.examining C.to examine D.examined
42.① a satisfactory operation, the patient recovered from illness very quickly.
② a satisfactory operation, the doctor believed the patient would recover from his illness very soon.
A.Having been given B.Having given C.Giving D.Being given
43.He wrote a letter to me that his trip to Japan had been put off because of the bad weather.
A.say B.saying C.said D.being said
Ⅱ.用适当的非谓语动词形式填空
1.She caught the student (cheat) in exams.
2.When I got there, I found him (repair) farm tools.
3.When I got there, I found the farm tools . (repair)
4.Just then he heard someone (call) for help.
5.He worked so hard that he got his pay . (raise)
6.The missing boys were last seen (play) near the river.
7. (compare) with the old one, the new building looks more beautiful.
8.The workers had the machines (run) all night long to finish the work on time.
9.People in the south have their houses (make of ) bamboo.
10. (lose) in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.
Ⅲ.改写下列句子,其划线部分应改为分词短语
1. Look round when you cross the street.
2. When she heard the news, she burst into laughter.
3. As she was still rather weak, she could not stay up for too long.
4. Gentlemen always shake hands when they are introduced to each other.
5. A cold rain was falling. It was mixed with snow.
6. While we were walking in the street, we met some friends of ours.
7. The old man walked slowly. He was supported by his little grandson.
8. The ground which is covered with white snow looks very beautiful.
9. There is a tall tree which covers the entrance to the cave.
10. The worker wrote to the police and disclosed who stole the money.
参考答案
Ⅰ、1.B 2.C 3.B 4.B 5.C 6.C 7.D 8.C 9.C 10.C
11.B 12.B 13.B 14.B 15.D 16.D 17.A 18.B 20.D
21.D 22.B 23.C 25.C 26.A 27.D 28.D 29.C 30.C
31.A 33.D 34.B 35.C 37.B 38.C 39.A 41.B 42.B 43.C 44.D 45.B 46.B 47.A 48.B 49.B
Ⅱ、1. cheating 2.repairing 3.repaired 4.calling
5.raised 6.playing 7.compared 8.running
9.made of 10.lost
Ⅲ、1.Look round when crossing the street.
2.Hearing the news, she burst into laughter.
3.Being still rather weak, she could not stay up for too long.
4.Gentlemen always shake hands when introduced to each other.
5.A cold rain was falling, mixed with snow.
6.While walking in the street, we met some friends of ours.
7.The old man walked slowly, supported by his little grandson.
8.The ground covered with white snow looks very beautiful.
9.There is a tall tree covering the entrance to the cave.
10.The worker wrote to the police disclosing who stole the money.
完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.分，共20分）
Ban the Band (乐队)？
Every year, our school has a dance for all the students. It’s a little funny seeing friends in clean shoes and trousers or colourful 36 , instead of the usual school uniform.
Most of us think the dance is great 37 , - even the teachers enjoy being there. _38 , two weeks ago someone said that there would be no 39 band this year - only CDs.
“I don’t 40 it!” Amy cried out during the lunch break.
“Someone said the school couldn’t 41 a band, and they think it’s too noisy anyway,” added Daniel.
“Well, I don’t think it’s 42 enough without a band!” declared Angela, “and I’m going to see what can be done.”
Angela was as good as her 43 . In the afternoon she went to see the school headmaster who agreed to give the 44 some more thought. And he suggested that one _45 for having a band was to increase the price of each ticket from $5 to $10. Angela had to 46 out whether the students would like to do that.
“I need all of you to help me,” she 47 on our group before school the next day. “Mr. Berry gave me a list of all the names, and suggested we ask each one their 48 about the band and the extra cost.”
36-55: BACBD CADBA BDCDC ABACD
_49 the day we asked around as Angela suggested, and wrote down people’s feelings about the band and the cost. We were amazed how much 50 there was for the band and everyone agreed to pay the extra $5.
“I’m surprised,” smiled Mr. Berry, when we gave him the 51 . “I really thought that only a few people 52 their band and that the cost would be too high. OK, Angela, your next 53 is to find a good band and line them up for the dance.”
Angela was all smiles and 54 the news to Amy and Daniel. “You’re 55 ,” smiled Daniel to Angela as he thought how close they came to having a less than perfect dance.
36. A. shapes B. dresses C. flowers D. pictures
37. A. fun B. work C. effort D. progress
38. A. Besides B. Otherwise C. However D. Therefore
39. A. new B. live C. foreign D. marching
40. A. mean B. need C. accept D. believe
41. A. lead B. serve C. afford D. form
42. A. good B. clear C. useful D. easy
43. A. look B. behavior C. mind D. word
44. A. schedule B. situation C. view D. action
45. A. possibility B. concern C. decision D. chance
46. A. call B. find C. carry D. point
47. A. admitted B. replied C. apologized D. announced
48. A. knowledge B. instruction C. opinion D. information
49. A. On B. For C. By D. During
50. A. trust B. money C. support D. care
51. A. results B. notices C. questions D. examples
52. A. welcomed B. wanted C. defended D. invited
53. A. task B. business C. exercise D. duty
54. A. showed B. wrote C. broke D. read
55. A. amusing B. interesting B. exciting D. amazing
Karen, grown up in a very traditional family in the western United States, maintained high moral (道德的) standards throughout her youth.. In 1984, at the age of 23, she married Bill. They were blessed with two children, a boy and a girl.
By 1991 their love had deepened, and they were happy. Later that year, Bill developed a white spot on his tongue. He visited a doctor.
One day shortly after that, Bill called Karen to sit beside him. He said with tears in his eyes that he loved her and wanted to live forever with her. The doctor suspected that he had been infected with HIV, the virus that leads to AIDS.
The family was tested. Bill and Karen’s results were positive. Bill had become infected before he met Karen; then he passed the virus on to Karen. The children’s results were negative. Within three years, Bill was dead. “I don’t know how to express what it is like to watch the once handsome man you love and intend to live with forever dying slowly. I cried many nights. He died three months short of ten years of our marriage,” says Karen. Though a doctor told Karen that she would soon follow her husband into death, she is still alive. The infection has progressed to the early stages of AIDS.
Karen is but one of about 30 million people now living with HIV/AIDS, a figure larger than the combined populations of Australia, Ireland and Paraguay. According to one UN report, Africa has 21 million of these victims. By the turn of the century that number could reach 40 million and the disease will bring on the greatest disaster in human history. Of the world’s sexually active adults aged 15 to 49, 1 in 100 has already been infected with HIV. Of these, only 1 in 10 realizes that he or she is infected. In some parts of Africa, 25 percent of the adults are infected.
Since the beginning of the spread of AIDS in 1981, about 11.7 million people have died of it. It is roughly calculated that in alone, about 2,3 million people died of it. Nevertheless, there are fresh reasons for optimism in the battle against AIDS. During the past few years, there has been a drop in new AIDS cases in wealthy nations. In addition, promising drugs hold out hope of better health and longer life.
61. By telling the story of Karen, the author intends to .
A. warn people against high risk behaviors B. stress the importance of medical tests
C. express sympathy for AIDS victims D. show the consequences of AIDS
62. The underlined part in Paragraph 1 most probably means “ ”.
A. were lucky in having B. were asked to adopt
C. regretted having D. gave birth to
63. Bill was suspected of being infected with HIV after .
A. he got married to Karen
B. the family members were tested
C. Karen persuaded him to see the doctor
D. he found something wrong with his tongue
64. It can be concluded from the passage that .
A. promising drugs will soon stop AIDS
B. the spread of AIDS could be controlled
C. it is hopeless to win the battle against AIDS
D. the death rate of AIDS patients has been reduced
DADB
Almost every child is scared of something, from monsters in the cupboard to dogs in the park. But the fact that such fears are common and normal doesn’t mean they can be taken lightly. Kids experience fears and phobias (恐惧症) much more strongly than adults. And the influence of the fear can be physical as well as psychological (心理的). It can build up so they almost seem scared of everything - a kind of childhood anxiety. Dr. Creswell says: “Your child may always seem to expect the worst to happen and lack confidence in his or her ability to deal with any challenge.” So don’t make the same old mistake of treating them as if they’re silly for being a “scaredy cat”. Handling the fears is essential.
Children can be born nervous and., if you have such a baby, you’ll tend to prevent them from getting worried. So if they fear dogs, you’ll keep them away from dogs, but in fact that can just confirm to the child that dogs are scary. What is worse, keeping your child away from what they fear can turn that feeling into a phobia. Instead, you should encourage them to get in touch with the thing they fear, in a safe and supportive environment. Dr. Andy Field, a researcher of childhood fears, says: “You shouldn’t force, for example, a dog anxious child to go up to a dog. But you can approach it yourself, show them there is nothing to be afraid of, stroke (抚摸) it, and talk about the dog being friendly. Once your child dares to stroke a dog - one that’s good with children, of course - then you should encourage them to carry on until they feel calmer, and reward them for ‘being brave’.”
69. Children’s fears are usually taken lightly because .
A. they will not develop into phobias B. their influence is psychological
C. they exist widely in the world D. they will disappear gradually
70. If we fail to help children to overcome fears, they will .
A. make the same old mistake B. overcome them by themselves
C. experience the worst of things D. grow up lacking self-confidence
71. According to Dr. Andy Field, if a child is afraid of a cat, parents should .
A. tell the child not to be afraid of it B. show the child how to approach it
C. keep the child away from it D. ask the child to stroke it
CD B
Module 8 Unit 3 Language points（师生版）
welcome to the unit
1. listen to instructions about how to report on a visit 听如何写参观报告的说明
2. ask for technical information 咨询专业知识
3. be around 存在，起作用，流行
Mobile phones have been around for some time. 手机已流行很长时间了。
have been around 还有走红，阅历丰富的意思
Life often makes fun of those who haven’t been around. 生活常常捉弄涉世不深的人。
4. still life pictures 静物画 paintings of nature 写生画
5. abstract art 抽象派艺术
abstract adj. 抽象的，理论上的, 深奥的, 难以了解的
abstract noun 抽象名词 Astronomy is an abstract subject.天文学是一门深奥的学科。
6. rather than 而不是
Rather than _______ on a crowded bus, he always prefers _______ a bicycle.
A. ride; ride B. riding; ride C. ride; to ride D. to ride; riding
rather than / other than
1） I think I’d like to stay at home ____________ go out.
2） The form can not signed by anyone __________ yourself.
（C； rather than; other than）
7. earn money =make money 挣钱
earn one's living 谋生
Reading
Useful expressions:
1. the birthplace of Pablo Picasso 巴勃罗。毕加索的出生地
2. be amazed to learn 惊讶地得知
3. produce more than 20,000 pieces of art 创作了2万多件艺术作品
4. develop different styles of painting, including cubism 创造了不同的绘画风格-包括立体派
5. represent sb./ sth. as sb./ sth. 展示，描绘， 描述 sb./ sth. be represented as
6. make a lot of scientific discoveries 作出了很多科学发现
7. share with the world 与世界共享
8. in the field of astronomy 在天文学领域
9. range from … to … 从……到……； 在 ……和……之间
10. float on the surface of a pond 漂浮在池塘的表面上
floating population 流动人口 float about 到处漂泊
11. on the way here 在来这里的路上
12. fly over a thunderstorm 飞过了一场雷雨
13. towards the end of his life 到生命的后期
14. abstract artwork 抽象的艺术作品
15. devote his whole self to painting 全身心地投入绘画
16. try hard to sell and distribute Van Gogh’s paintings to buyers
努力地向买主兜售和推销凡﹒高的画
17. negotiate a successful sale 谈成一笔成功的生意
negotiate with sb. for/ about sth.
18. be off to another museum 动身去另一个博物馆
19. a life story 生平故事
20. it is subjective to say… 很主观地说……
subjective adj. 主观的 反义词是objective
man’s subjective initiative 人的主观能动性
21. have an appetite for life 热爱生活
22. enjoy exploring the workings of objects and animals 喜欢研究绘画实物和动物
23. with the assistance of … 在……的帮助下
24. start from scratch 白手起家， 从头开始
25. have a long history of … 有 ……悠久的历史
Sentences：
1.（Page 34 Line 7）I was amazed to learn that Picasso produced more than 20,000 pieces of art and that he wasn’t just a painter.
我惊讶地得知，毕加索一生创作了两万多件艺术作品，而且他不仅是一位油画家。
“that” 后面的整个句子做“learn”的________，其中，第二个宾语从句中“that he wasn’t just a painter”中的引导词“that” _____________。
(宾语; 不可省)
2.（L16）In the Louver Museum is the famous Mona Lisa painting by the Italian artist Leonardo da Vinci.
卢浮宫里有意大利画家奥纳多﹒达﹒芬奇著名的油画《蒙娜﹒丽莎》。
本句是一个________句。如：
At the top of the mountain ____________________ . 山上有座寺庙。
From the distance came occasional shots. 远处传来零星的枪声。
(倒装句： stands a temple)
3.（L 19）This painting is so valuable that it is difficult to calculate what its price would be if the museum wanted to sell it.
这幅画如此珍贵，如果博物馆想卖了它，都很难为它估价。
①“so … that … ” 如此 … 以至于… ;如对“so”后面的成分进行强调，放句首， “so”后面的从句要用部分倒装，即把助动词提前。
1) Such a fine day _____ ______ that we’d like to play outside.
2) So well _______ she ______ her work that her teacher praised her
②“that”后面的从句使用的是if 引导的_______________________。
(is it; did,do; 非真实条件句)
4.（L 23）Besides the works of Da Vinci, the Louvre Museum has more than 6,000 other European paintings, ranging from the 13th century to the 19th century.
除了达﹒芬奇的作品，卢浮宫里还藏有其他欧洲画家从13世纪到19世纪创作的六千余件作品。
“ranging from the 13th century to the 19th century” 在句中作___________________
range from … to … ”意思是____________________________________
Prices ranged from 5 dollars to 10 dollars. 价格自五美元至十美元不等。
（从……到……； 在 ……和……之间； 现在分词作定语）
5.（Page 35 Line 44）The sad thing is that although Van Gogh devoted his whole self to painting, he only sold one painting before he died in 1890.
令人可悲的是：虽然凡﹒高把自己都奉献给了绘画，但在他1890年去世前他仅卖出了一幅画。
① “devote … to … ” ______________________________
② “that”引导的是______________，其中，在这个从句中又有一个“although”引导的__________________________。
(致力于，献身于； 表语从句； 让步状语从句)
Language points：
1.( L 3） They are both talented artists.
talented adj. 有才能的，能干的 talentless adj. 无才能的，平庸的
talented players/ youngsters 天才运动员/神童
1) He is _______________________________________. (天才音乐家)
talent n. 天资, 才能, 禀赋;
literary talent文学才能 special talent特殊才能
have a talent for n./doing = have a gift for对...有天赋
2) He _________________________________________ getting what he wanted.
他很有天资，能够心想事成。
[集合词]人材, 有才干的人
He is a great talent. 他是一个伟大的天才。
There is a wealth of young talent in British literature. 英国文学年轻一代人才辈出。
（ a talented musician; had a talent fot/ showed considerable talent for）
2. (L9)He developed different styles of …, which is a type of art where things are represented as geometric shapes.
represent vt. ①表现；描绘；描述
1) This painting represents a storm. 这幅画描绘的是暴风雨。
2) 剧中国王的形象是一个恶棍。
The king ___________________________________ a villain in the play.
②代表；象征; 代理；
3) A dove represents peace. 鸽子象征和平。
4) On this map _______________________________? 这地图上的星号代表什么？
5) We chose a committee to represent us. 我们选出一个委员会来代表我们。
representative n.代表； 代理人（与of连用） / adj.典型的, 有代表性的
6) a representative collection of ancient Greek art 古希腊艺术代表作品集
7) 公司的代表 ___________________________________
（is represented as ; what does a star represent ;a representative of a company）
3. （L19）This painting is so valuable that it is difficult to calculate what its price would be if the museum wanted to sell it.
calculate vt. ①计算, 考虑, 计划, 打算
1) 计算旅行费用 _____________________________
2) 你需要计算一下要花多少时间才能完成被分配的任务。
___________________________________________________________________________
It is calculated that... 据计算..
3) It is calculated that at least 47000 jobs were lost last year. (Translate it into Chinese)
_________________________________________________________________________
②推测, 预测
4) It is possible to calculate what influence he had on her life. (Translate it into Chinese)
____________________________________________________________________________
be calculated to do/for sth 为适合...而设计的; 适合于
5) This advertisement __________________________________________________________
这份广告是为引起家庭主妇们的注意而设计的。
calculate on (upon) 指望着, 期待着
6) We can’t calculate on _________________________________________________________.
我们不能指望着有好天气开运动会。
(calculate the cost of a journey； You need to calculate how much time the assignment will take.；据计算，去年至少丧失了47000个工作。现在无法估计他对她的生活产生过多大的影响。is calculated to attract the attention of housewives. having fine weather for the sports meeting
4. （L 23）Besides the works of Da Vinci, the Louvre Museum has more than 6,000 other European paintings, ranging from the 13th century to the 19th century.
range vi. (在一定范围内)变化, 变动 range from A to B/ range between A and B
1) The price of beer ________ from 50 cents to $4 per liter during the summer season.
A. ranged B. differed C. altered D. seperated
2) She has a lot of hobbies, _____________________________(从下国际象棋到划独木舟)
n. 行列, 范围, 射程
in the range of 在... 范围内; 在射程内 / out of [beyond] range 在射程外
3) 广博的知识 ____________________________________
4) the annual range of temperature ____________________________________
range over v. 涉及, 包括，射程范围
5) The discussion ___________________________________. 那次讨论涉及到种种问题。
6) The gun ranges over five miles. 这次枪的射程可达五英里多。
(A; ranging from palying chess to canoeing; a wide range of knowledge; 每年的温度变化范围; ranged over various problems)
5. (L31) She almost wept because we missed it this time.
weep vi. (wept, wept) 流泪; 哭泣（常与for, over连用）
1) 哀悼死者_______________________
2) 他为他的悲惨命运而哭泣。__________________________________________
(weep for the dead; He wept over his sad fate.)
6. (L34) Some people were scared, ……
scare vt ①恐吓，惊吓；使受惊；惊恐（常与of, to连用）
1) I was scared of the big dog. 我害怕这条大狗。
2) _____________________ I was alone in the building. ( 想到……怪害怕的)
3) 吓得要死 __________________________
②把…吓跑（常与away, off, up连用）
4) The dogs________ the thief___________. 那些狗把贼吓跑了。
（It scared me to think ; be scared to death; scared …away.）
7. (L45) His younger brother, Theo, tried hard to sell and distribute Van Gogh’s paintings to buyers.
distribute vt.分发, 分配, 散布, 分布
distribute sth. to/among 把某物分[配, 发]给...
1) to distribute books to students 给学生发书
2) The firm distributed its profits among its workers. 公司将利润分给工人。
3) The teacher ________ the presents _______ the students.
A. separated; from; B. divided; into C. distributed; among D. cut; among
distribution n 分发，分配, 分布，散布
4) 他们对于利润的分配意见不一致。_________________________________________
(C ; They couldn’t agree on the distribution of profits)
8. (L 46) but he was never able to negotiate a successful sale.
negotiate vi, vt 谈判；协商；商谈；达成协议（常与with连用）
1）The government will not negotiate with them. 政府不会和他们谈判。
2）The workers ____________________________________ ( 一直在位增加工资进行协商)
negotiation n. 谈判；协商；商谈 carry on negotiation with sb. 与某人进行谈判
3) 这个问题还在商讨之中。________________________________________________
（have been negotiating for more pay; The issue is still under negotiation.）
9. (L47) Although we adore his work today, …
adore vt 崇拜；喜爱；爱慕 adore doing喜爱做某事 _____________(n.)
1) He adores the cinema. 他非常爱看电影。
2) She adores ______________________. 她非常喜欢看排球比赛。
3) They knelt ___________________ their gods.
(adoration; going to the volleyball match; in adoration of)
10. He had an appetite for life……
appetite n. 食欲, 欲望，嗜好
have an appetite for
1) 她有求知欲(嗜好学习)。_______________________________________
2) 他毫无斗志。 ________________________________the fight.
to lose one's appetite 食欲不振
have a good / poor appetite. 胃口很好/不好
(She has an appetite for learning; He has no qppetite for the fight)
11. With the assistance of his brother,…
assistance n.协助, 援助, 补助
1) 经济资助 ____________________________
2) Can I be of any assistance to you? 我能帮你什么忙吗?
with the assistance of 在某人的帮助之下
come to sb.'s assistance 援助某人
give [render] assistance (to) 给以援助
assist v.
assist sb with sth/ in doing sth/ to do
(financial assistance )
12. In fact, he abandoned them and starting from scratch, created a style of art known as cubism, which is a type of abstract painting.
abandon vt 抛弃；舍弃；离弃
1) 离弃家园 ______________________
2) He abandoned his wife and went away with all their money.
_______________________________________________________
abandoned himself to陷入，沉湎于…
3） 他陷入绝望。 ___________________________________________________________
abandoned adj. 被遗弃的
4） 被遗弃的房子 ___________________________________________
(abandon one's home; 他抛弃了妻子还带走了两人所有的钱。He abandoned himself to despair; an abandoned house )
start from scratch从头做起, 白手起家
1) It was years since I’d learned any German, and I really___________________________.
我好多年没学德语了，真的得重新从头开始了。
(had to start again from scratch)
Word Power
1. mix …with… / be mixed with 把……和……混合
2. the secret to oil painting 油画的秘诀 the secret to solving the problem
3. The paint is very thick and the secret to oil painting is to build up layer on layer on a canvas. 颜料很厚，而油画的秘诀在于在画布上层层构建。
build up 积聚；聚集
1） Traffic is building up along the roads to the coast.通往海滨的路上车辆在不断积聚。
2） 总有一天你的图书会聚集成一座图书馆。
________ _________ your books _________ ________ _________ into a library.
build oneself / sb. up 使健康或强壮
build sth. up 逐步获得、发展或增强某事物
3） 你需要更多的蛋白质以增强体质。
You need more protein _____________________________________.
(One day; will build up ; to build yourself up )
4. afford to buy canvas 买得起帆布
5. in addition 此外
6. painting materials 绘画材料
7. take up painting as a hobby 把绘画作为一个爱好
太占地儿 _____________________________ 开始履行职责 _______________________
这条裙子需要改短。_________________________________________________________
(take up too much room/ space; take up one’s duties; The skirt needs taking up.)
8. at (the)most 至多， 不超过 at （the）least 至少，最少
9. draw outline 画草图
10. in case 如果；万一
Grammar and usage
1.Hardly had I got to Amsterdam when it began to rain.
= _________ ________ had I got to Amsterdam ________ it began to rain.
= _____________ had I got to Amsterdam ________ it began to rain.
(No sooner… than; Scarcely…when)
表示“一…… 就……”的句型还有____________________________________________
(as soon as…/ the moment…/ the minute…/ the instant…/ directly…/ immediately…/ on doing …)
2. Having twisted her ankle, our tour guide had to be taken to the hospital.
having twisted her ankle在句中作什么成分？_________________________________
twist n. 一扭, 扭曲 v. 拧,扭曲
1) twist one's ankle 扭伤了踝骨
2) The papers twisted everything I said. ______________________________________
(报纸把我的话全都歪曲了)
3.Wanting to stay in a hotel in an old castle, we tried to make a reservation.
reservation n. 保留; (旅馆房间等)预定, 预约reserve v. 预定，预约，保留
make reservations定座, 定房间(等); without reservation 毫不保留地
1)I’d like to call the restaurant and____________________. 我要给饭店打个电话预定座位。
2) Some members of the committee expressed reservations about the proposal.
委员会一些成员对这项提议持保留态度。
3) 我毫不保留地支持这一措施。__________________________________________
4) 我已经以琼斯的名字预定了一个房间。___________________________________
5) These seats _______ __________ ________ special guests. 这些座位是留给贵宾的。
(make a reservation; I support the measure without reservation;I’ve reserved a room in the name of Jones. are reserved for)
4.Stayng in a dormitory was a lot of fun because there were lots of people from different places.
stayng in a dormitory 在句中作什么成分？ __________________________
（Ving 作主语）
3. Had you come with us, I think you would have enjoyed Europe too.
=_________________________________________________________________________
(If you had come … 虚拟语气)
Task
1. fill in the missing information 填写空缺信息 fill in / out an application form
2. Glance of Guilin 桂林剪影
3. paint many scenes of the canals in Suzhou 画了很多苏州运河的景色
4. the water highway of eastern China 中国东部的水上交通干线
5. Tourists paid him small fees for these early works, and considering his later fame, they got a real bargain.
considering prep.鉴于,考虑到,顾及
1) Considering his age, the little boy reads very well.就他的年龄来说，这小孩读得算挺好的。
2)考虑到你缺乏经验，对你来说，这个方案你已处理得很好了。
You managed the project well, _______________________________________________
(considering your inexperience.)
bargain n ①廉价货; 廉价买到的东西
1) This jacket is a real bargain at such a low price. 这件夹克衫这么便宜,真划得来。
2) 真便宜。 ____________________________________
②交易，合同交易，协议
make a bargain with sb （与某人）订立合同
4) 他跟妻子讲条件'你看好孩子,我做饭。'
5) He _________________________________ his wife 'You take care of the children and I'll cook.'
vi讲价；谈条件
bargain with sb for/over/about sth 就 … 与 … 讲价
6) bargain with sb. about/for/over the price 与某人讨价还价
7) 你讲讲价,他们可能会把价钱降低。If you __________them they might reduce the price.
(It's a real bargain. made a bargain with; bargain with)
6. In 1983, he was admitted to Beijing School of Art.
admit vt. _________ ; ___________; ______________;(过去式；过去分词；现在分词)
①承认；供认
1) He admitted his crime. 他招认了罪行。
2) He never admits _____________________________ 他从不承认自己错了。
3) John has admitted ___________________________ 约翰已承认打碎了窗子。
②容纳, 容许
4) 这座电影院大约可坐 人。________________________________________
③许可进入，准许进入
5) This ticket admits two people to the football match.
_______________________________________________________________________
admit sb. to/ into 准许加入（俱乐部、组织）；接收（入学）
6）他于被北大录取。
_________________________________________________________________________
(admitted; admitted; admitting; that he is wrong. breaking the window. The cinema admits about 2000 people. 这张票可供两人入场看足球赛。He was admitted to Beijing University in .)
7. create a colllection of paintings 创作了绘画作品集
collection n收藏品，收集物；募捐
1) 大量的邮票收藏 _________________________________
2) The total collection of last week amounted ﹩250. 上周的捐款总额达250美元
(a large collection of stamps)
8. scenes of many folk customs 很多传统民族的场景
9. set up a studio 建立一个工作室
10. win a scholarship 获得奖学金
11. It was while at New York School of Art that he experimented with different materials …
这是一个___________________。
experiment v. 实验，试验
experiment on/ upon 用…… 做实验 experiment with … 尝试，试用
experiment n. 实验，试验
make/ carry out/ perform/ conduct/ do an erperiment 做实验
by experiment 通过实验
2）有人认为在动物身上做试验引起不必要的痛苦。
Some people feel that ____________ _________ _________ _________ __________ ________
3）The teacher _______ _______ _______ ______ ________ _______ (尝试了新的教学方法)
4）为了找到治疗这种疾病的新方法，他做了大量的试验。
To find a new _______ ______ the disease, he _____ ______ ______ _____ ____________.
(强调句； experimenting on animals causes unnecessary suffering; experimented with a new teaching method; cure for; made a lot of experiments)
12. Since then, he has mostly gone back to the more traditional way of painting.
go back to v. 回去；重新开始；重操旧业（to是介词）
她已经决定重新执教。______________________________________________________
(She’s decided to go back to teaching.)
13. in an unusual way 以不同寻常的方法 in a particular way
14. take turns to do sth. 轮流做某事
15. a photographic exhibition 摄影展
Project
1.(L10) Cut some small slices of carrot or cheese to serve as hair …
serve as 可当……用；产生……效果
1) The sofa will serve as a bed for a night or two. 沙发可以当成床凑合一两夜。
2) 法官说这种惩罚将起到警示他人的作用。
The judge said the punishment__________________________________.
(would serve as a warning to others)
2. (L12) Cut up some strawberries for eyes, peaches for ears, and a mushroom for a nose.
A. cut up①切碎 ②使受苦
1) His mother has to cut up all the food for him. ______________________________________
2) Jean ____________________ when her husband left her. 在丈夫抛弃她之后，简痛苦极了。
(L50) Shapes can be cut out of other rubbish, dipped into the paint and pressed on the card
cut out (of) 剪除；切掉；割掉
3)裁剪衣服 __________________________
4) I ______________________________________the newspaper. 我从报纸上剪下这则广告。
Other phrases:
cut away 切除；割掉；砍掉；减去 cut down 砍倒；减少；改小
cut in 打断( 谈话)； 插嘴 cut off 中断（供应等）；切断；打断
cut through 穿过；穿透
6) Let’s _______________ the unimportant details.
7) Let’s _________________ the woods and get ahead of him.
8) She kept ___________ on our conversation.
9) When the whole area was ______ by the flood, the government sent food there by helicopter.
A. cut away B. cut down C. cut up D. cut off
(他的妈妈不得不为他将所有的食物切碎。was really cut up; to cut out a dress; cut the advertisement out of; cut out; cut through; cutting in ; D)
5) B. dip vt. / vi. _________ _________ _____________
①蘸；浸
She dipped her hand in the sea to find out how cold it was.她把手放入海水中看看它有多凉。
②下降，下落
The sun dipped below the western sea. 太阳沉落在西方大海里。
（与into连用）翻阅，浏览；提取（存款），掏钱包
1) I haven’t read the report properly. I __________________________________________
我还没有好好阅读这份报告，我只是浏览一下。
2) 她在钱包里掏钱。_____________________________________________________
(dipped; dipped; have only dipped into it. She dipped into her pocket for money. )
3.(L33) Choose small shells so they will not be very heavy when they are stuck onto the card.
stick v. stuck, stuck
1）粘贴,粘住
stick a stamp on a letter 把邮票贴在信上
2）阻塞, 卡住, 陷在...里
The bus________ _________ _________ the mud. 公共汽车陷在泥里动不了了。
3）将……刺入或插入，戳
The nurse _________ the needle _________ my arm. 护士把针扎进我的胳膊。
4) 坚持, 维持，常与介词to连用，后接名词、代词或从句
stick to a post 坚守岗位
stick to one's words遵守诺言
She finds it impossible _______ ________ ________ _______ _______（总坚持节食）
No matter what you say, I shall __________ my opinion.
A. carry out B. keep up C. insist on D. stick to
（was stuck in；stuck; into; to stick to a diet; D）
4. This may sound disgusting to some.
disgusting adj.令人厌恶的
The dirty street was disgusting.
disgust n. 作呕, 憎恶, 反感/vt. 使厌恶, 令人作呕
1) 可厌的是; 令人作呕的是 _______________________________
2) 这食物使我感到恶心。 ____________________________________
3) 他的行为遭到众人的唾弃。___________________________________________________
(to one's disgust ; The food disgusted me. His behavior disgusted everybody.)
5.(L49) The shapes and patterns could be repeated in a line or overlapping.
这些形状与图案可以沿直线重复或互相重叠。
overlap vt./ vi./ n. 交叉，重叠； ____________ ___________
overlap with (两种倾向、学科、观念等)互有交叉
overlap sth. 与……部分重叠 overlap between 两种……交叉
1） One of Jilly’s front teeth ________ _______ _______.（与 ……另一颗有些重叠）
2） 这两门学科间交叉的内容极多。
_______ ________ ________ the two subjects is considerable.
3) This is where sociology overlaps __________ economic.
A. with B. between C. to D. from
( overlaps the other; The overlap between; A)
6. (L51) …, so why not have a go at some of the ideas above and then try out some ideas of your own?
have a go at 试一试，尝试做。
1) ---I can’t open the jar. 我打不开这个罐子。
---Let me have a go. 让我来试试。
7. other phrases
1) be made (out )of由…制成 /make sth. out of
The box is made out of cedar wood. 这盒子是用杉木做的。
2) get ready to do
3) take a photo of
4) make solid shapes by using circles of string 把绳子围成圈圈做成实心的形状
5) lay all the pieces out on the card 把所有的贝壳都铺放在卡片上
lay vt, vi laid, laying
① 放，置
Lay it on the table. 把它放在桌上。
Don't lay your coat on the bed. 不要把你的外衣放在床上。
②摆放好
to lay the table 摆好餐桌（摆好餐具）
Will you please lay the table for dinner? 请你摆好餐具准备吃饭好吗?
③产，下（蛋） The hen laid three eggs. 母鸡下了三个蛋。
6）try out 试验；试用
Useful Expressions:
1.showcase new films 展示新电影
2.award sb. sth./award sth. to sb. 把某物授予/给予/判给某人
3.celebrate different film genres 颂扬不同的电影流派
4.six of the major international film festivals 六个主要的国际电影节
5.be appropriate for sb. to do sth 对…而言适合做…
6.part of sth. ……的一部分
7.contemporary art 当代艺术
8.view…as…把…视为..
9.that is 也就是说
10.be financed by 由某人资助
11.amateur actors 业余演员
12.hate to do sth. 讨厌做某事
13. in defence of 防御、保卫、为….辩护
14.point out 指出
15.feature Hollywood films 以好莱坞电影为特色
16.high-quality films 高清电影
17.regardless of 不理，不顾
18.distinguish between…and…(~ from..) 区别、判别、分清
19.as long as/so long as 只要
20. meet one’s standards 达到某人的标准
21.was hatched back in 1978 早在1978年就筹划了
22. take over接管、接受
23.change the focus to doing sth. 把重心转移到做某事
24.salute sb. 向某人致敬
25.act/perform in a film 在一部电影中担任演员
26.win an award at a film festival 在一个电影节上获奖
27.give awards/an award to sb. 给某人颁奖,给某人奖励
28.take a step backwards后退 take a step散步、溜达 take steps to do采取措施
29. from all around the globe 来自全球、来自全世界
30.make films with large budgets 以很大的预算资金投入制作电影
31.resemble…too much 与……过于相似
32. have a chance of doing sth./to do sth.有可能做某事
33.lose our international angle 失去我们的国际视野
34.don’t favour films from any one country 不偏爱来自任何一国的电影
35.in the minority 占少数
36.bonus award 额外奖
37.have a good reputation worldwide 在世界范围内有良好的声誉
38.put forward a personal opinion 提出一个个人意见
39.tend to do sth. 趋向于做某事
40.pay attention to注意
41.disagree with不一致，不同意
42.avoid doing避免做某事
43.come to be well known 渐渐地出名
44.interfere in someone else’s activity 打断某人，干涉某人的行动
45.of the top rank 一流的，顶级的
46.regardless of 不理，不顾
47.be awarded for doing sth. 因为做某事而获奖
48.keep sth. in the shadows 保持某事在幕后/在阴影中/在后台运作
49.have no difficulty in doing sth. 做某时毫无困难
50.sell admission tickets 卖入场券
51.shoot a film 拍摄一部电影
52.express oneself in English 用英语表达自己
53. refer to提到，参考，涉及，提交
54. be hired to do sth.被雇佣做某事
55. help sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事
56. fall asleep睡着，入睡，长眠
57. have an appointment to meet sb.约见某人
58.in time for 赶得上，及时
59. feel sorry for sth.为…感到遗憾
60. think twice about sth. / doing sth. 三思而行，慎重考虑后再作决定
61. waste time/money on sth.浪费时间/钱在某事上
62. make an agreement制定协议
63.give sb. one’s sincere congratulations 给某人最衷心的祝愿
64.realize one’s dream实现某人的梦想
65. attain success获得成功
66.a second time 再次
67.leave out 省略
68.enter a speech competition 参加一个演讲比赛
69.be still unanswered 还没有回答
70.make money 赚钱
71.have no commercial future 没有商业前途
72.be available for 对……来说是可用的
73. a tense thriller 一部紧张的恐怖片
74.make it clear that 表明
75.include sth. in 把某物包括在里面
76.switch roles 交换角色
77.dream of doing sth.想像，梦想做某事
78. live with sb.在一起生活
79. (be) contrary to sth与…相反
80. rescue sb. from营救，拯救
81.be sensitive to对某事敏感
82.be introduced to 被引入到；被介绍给
83.have contradictory feelings about 对……有矛盾的情感
84.have a battle with 与……作斗争
85.feel dizzy 觉得头晕
86. be dedicated to专心致志于…
87. delete…from…从…删除
88. have a tendency to do sth. 有做某事的趋势
89.give enough thought to 充分考虑到
90.yawn with boredom 厌倦地打哈欠
91.on the contrary 相反的是
Useful Expressions:
1.Joining us in the studio are Isabel from the Cannes Film Festival, …
来到我们节目现场的有来自戛纳电影节的伊莎贝尔罗斯……
Gone are the days when we used foreign oil.
我们使用洋油的日子一去不复返了。
Present at the meeting are some famous artists.
与会的是一些著名的画家。
2.Maria, do tell us a little about the Venice Film Festival.
玛丽娅，一定要告诉我们一些关于威尼斯电影节的情况。
3.I hate to interrupt you, but in defence of the Venice Film Festival, I have to point out that… 我很抱歉打断你，但我得为威尼斯电影节说句话，我必须指出……
4. It was then that Robert Redford took over …
就是那时候罗伯特雷特福德接管……
5. …there is a good chance it will become famous.
它获奖就有了很大的机会。
6.People tend to present their personal opinion as if it were a collective group’s opinion.
人们总是陈述自己个人的观点仿佛它是一个集体的观点。
7.While there is no restriction on foreign entries, those that win are in the minority.
虽然没有限制外国电影的进入，但外国电影获奖的只是少数。
8.Whether you think the Academy Awards are a film festival or not, everyone agrees that the Oscar is the best-known award a contemporary film can receive.
无论学院奖是否是一个电影节,每个人都同意奥斯卡奖是当代电影所能获得的最高奖项。
9.It felt like the camera was in the sky.
感觉起来就好象照相机在空中。
10.I think this is more to highlight the advanced special effects than to help the film’s plot.
在我看来，这是为了更加突出电影高超的特效，而不是有助于表现电影的情节。
11.As long as the film’s quality meets our standards, we include it.
只要电影的质量达到标准，都能参加评选。
12．Considering the history of our festival, we feel it is important to favour films from any one country.
考虑到我们电影节的历史，我们觉得不偏向任何国家的电影是非常重要的。
13．It was the festival that he took over in 1981.
他在1981年接管的就是这个电影节。
14．It was not until nine that I got up.
就是直到九点我才起床。
15.Who was it that told him what had happened?
到底是谁告诉他所发生的事？
Unit Two (The Universal language)
Period 1
Welcome to the Unit
Teaching aims:
(1).Make students talk about the opera Turandot and read about the history of music from jazz to pop
(2).By talking and discussing, students’ spoken English can be practised.
Important points & difficult points:
(1). Students are expected to express their own opinions by talking and discussing.
(2). Encourage students to speak freely.
Teaching aids:
Backboard
Teaching procedures:
Step 1: Lead-in
Music plays an important role in our daily life. Have you ever had the experience of listening to a piece of music and feeling that it is written just for you? Music can be used to express many feelings, such as love, sorrow, friendship and peace. Although people from different areas of the world have different styles of music, we can still understand each other’s music. Without music, what would our lives be like?
How much do you know about music? Now let’s try to say some words about music:
● Music: classical music, pop music, folk music, swing music, blues, jazz, rock and roll, rap, opera…
● People related to music: musician, singer, composer, pianist, violinist…
● Musical instruments: guitar, piano, violin, drum…
Step 2: Sharing information
1. Work in groups of four and discuss the four pictures on page 17.
Picture of a jazz band
What are the people doing in this picture? What do you know about jazz?
(Jazz is a musical art form. At the end of the 19th century, jazz music was the most popular type of music. Jazz was started in New Orleans in the USA and most jazz musicians at that time were black. It has been called the first original art form to develop in the USA. Early jazz musicians made money by playing in small bands. Often, jazz musicians made up the music as they were playing. Early jazz came from folk music and later developed into something else of its own.)
Do you know any famous jazz musicians?
(Louis Armstrong, one of the most famous jazz musicians, was born in New Orleans. He created wonderful jazz music with his trumpet. In addition to playing trumpet, he also sang and danced. He performed on Broadway, in films and recorded music.)
What does jazz music sound like to you?
Picture of Chinese opera
What are the people doing in this picture? What is Chinese opera?
(Chinese opera is a traditional form of drama in China. It started in the Tang Dynasty when Emperor Xuanzong founded the ‘Pear Garden’. A Chinese opera performance includes elements such as dance, song, dialogue, swordplay and acrobatics. The features of Chinese opera which can distinguish a character’s age, gender and personality are the makeup, movements, props and the colour of costumes.)
What does Chinese opera sound like?
(To some young people nowadays, the music accompanied by gongs, cymbals, drums and stringed instruments sounds a bit ‘shrill’ and ‘noisy’. However, the stories and the melodies are unique.)
Do you know any famous Chinese opera performers?
Picture of a girl playing the violin
What is the girl doing in this picture? What do you know about the violin?
(The violin belongs to the string family of instruments. It is made of wood and uses steel strings. A violinist uses a bow pulled across the strings to create beautiful music.)
Do you know any famous violinists?
(In the past, the great violinists played the violin as well as writing music for the instrument. After the 19th century, composers and violinists started to be two different roles. The most famous violin composers and players are Corelli, Vivaldi, Locatelli and later Paganini, Sarasate, Wieniawski, Vieuxtemps, Ysave, Kreisler and Enesco.
Picture of a girl playing the piano
What is the girl doing in this picture? What do you know about the piano?
(The piano belongs to the percussion family of instruments. It consists of a keyboard attached to a wooden box, inside of which are metal strings. A piano is played by pressing the keys. Each of the keys is attached to a hammer that strikes one of the strings inside the box.)
Do you know any famous pianists?
(Among the most famous pianists are Beethoven from Germany, Franz Liszt from Hungary and Frederick Chopin from Poland. Beethoven is known for his sonatas, Liszt for the Hungarian Rhapsody and Chopin for Revolution Etude.)
2. Work in pairs and have a discussion about the three questions below the pictures.
Sample answers
1 My favourite kind of music is classical music. Classical music uses orchestras and many instruments cooperating to create music together. I like listening to music played by orchestras. You can hear things played on instruments from all of the different families--woodwind, string, percussion and brass. Also, classical music tends to be slower, so it makes me feel calm when I listen to it.
2 The musician I like very much is Jay Chou. Many people may think that he is just a pop singer, but I consider him to be a pop musician. He sings about broken heart, urban stress and young dreams. He expresses his experiences, feeling and personality into his music, which attracts young people who have similar thoughts. That is why many teenagers in China like him so much.
3 Yes. I watched Chinese operas with my grandfather when I was young. A Chinese opera performance includes elements like dance, dialogue, swordplay and acrobatics. The music instruments used for Chinese opera include gongs, cymbals, drums and stringed instruments. A character’s age, gender and personality are shown through the makeup, movements, props and colour costumes. In comparison, Western opera puts greater emphasis on music and design, conveying a story through singing and dancing. Dialogue is expressed through songs. Both Chinese and Western opera use music to express themes like love, betrayal and hope.
Step 3: Discussion
Many of us believe that music can have a very great effect on us. This is especially true of classical music, which some people believe can make us calmer or even smarter. There is a theory, called the ‘Mozart Effect’, that playing classical music for a child can help his or her brain develop. As a result, a lot of parents play classical music for their children, some even beginning before the child is born, in the hope that their children will be smarter. What do you think of the ‘Mozart Effect’ theory? Do you think it is true? Why or why not?
Do you think adults can become smarter or calmer by listening to classical music? Why or why not?
Step 4: Homework
1. Collect more information about music.
2. Prepare the Reading part.
Period 2
Reading
Teaching aims:
1. To help the students know some background knowledge about opera Turandot and the history of music
2. To master the skills of reading a review of an opera
Teaching aids:
Recorder, blackboard
Teaching procedures:
Step 1: Lead-in
Boys and girls, I’m glad to tell you that today we’ll have a chance to enjoy a section of performance of Giacomo Puccini’s world-famous opera, Turandot.
OK. It is performed in the Forbidden City in Beijing. Can you guess who directed it? (Zhang Yimou.)
Have you seen any of Zhang Yimou’s films?
Do you like them? Why or why not?
What else has Zhang Yimou directed besides films? ( They are the ‘Bid for the 29th Olympic Games in Beijing’, which was shown in Moscow, a performance at the closing ceremony at Athens Olympic Games, an outdoor performance of Third Sister Liu in Guilin and Turandot in Beijing).
Have you seen or have you ever heard of the opera Turandot?
If you have seen or heard of it, Can you tell us what it is about?
Step 2: Fast reading for general ideas
A review is a report or an essay giving some information as well as some opinions or ideas about a book, a performance, a painting or something similar.
In our lesson today, we will read a review of an opera. What do you think the review will tell us? (It will give us some background information about Turandot, tell us about the plot of the opera and give other information, such as the actors’ names, as well as an evaluation of the performance as a whole.)
Go through the passage as quickly as possible and try to find answers to the three questions. Just focus on and identify the information needed to answer these questions.
1. What is Turandot?
2. Who wrote Turandot?
3. Was the performance indoors or outdoors?
Answers
1 Turandot is an opera that tells the story of a cold-hearted Chinese princess, named Turandot, who lives in the Forbidden City. To avoid marriage, she says that any potential husband must answer three riddles correctly or die.
2 Giacomo Puccini wrote the opera. The final scene was completed by Franco Alfano, one of his students, based on Puccini’s notes after he died.
3 It was performed outdoors.
Step 3: Detailed reading for important information
1. Let’s read the passage a second time and find out the background information of the opera. Then complete the table:
Main characters of the story Turandot-a Chinese princess；Calaf-a prince；Liu-Calaf’s father’s young slave
Setting Beijing’s Forbidden City
Plot
The story takes on the classic love triangle of the three main characters Turandot, Calaf and Liu. Liu loves Calaf, but Calaf has fallen in love with Turandot. Because Turandot does not want to get married, she declares that anyone who wants to marry her must answer her three questions. If the one cannot answer these questions, he will be killed.
Director Zhang Yimou
Conductor Zubin Mehta, an internationally famous conductor born inIndia
Actors and actresses Sharon Sweet-Turandot; Barbara Hendricks-Liu; Kristjan Johannsson-Calaf; other singers and musicians from abroad and China
2. Retell the story of Turandot, using what has been written in the table.
Step4: Read the text again and choose the best answers according to the text.
A⑴ How many performances of Turandot were performed in the Forbidden City in Beijing?
A. eight B. seven
C. one D. the text doesn’t mention it
A⑵ Who wrote Turandot and when was it written?
A. Giacomo Puccini, in 1924
B. Giacomo Puccini’s former student, in 1924
C. Zubin Mehta, in the 1990s
D. Sharon Sweet, in the 1990s
C⑶ When was Turandot staged in Beijing?
A. in 1924
B. in the twenty first century
C. in the 1990s
D. in
D⑷ How does the writer think of the opera?
A. terrible B. moving C. boring D. amazing
Step5: words and expressions
Vocabulary Words witness, star, cast, avoid, dare, disturbing, recite, threaten, aloud, marry, breathless, guard, key, combine, heartbreaking, fluent, condemn
Useful expressions the end of, be set in, instead of, for the first time, fall in love, take on, be drunk with, exercise, control over, break one’s promise, be upset by, by surprise, be condemned to death, be shocked by, win one’s affection, at the end of, bring together
Sentence patterns 1. In order to avoid marriage, she says that any potential husband must answer three riddles correctly or die.
2. There could not be a better setting.
3. Although he would like to, he cannot break his promise.
4. Calaf says his own name aloud, leaving his future in Turandot’s hands.
5. The opera finishes with a beautifully-sung final duet, which was so moving that the audience fell silent.
Step6: Pair work
Talk about a Western or a Chinese opera that you are all familiar with. Introduce the main characters, the setting and the plot.
Chinese Opera
The Chinese opera is a traditional form of stage entertainment, weaving together elements of mime, dance, song, dialogue, swordplay, and acrobatics into one fluid continuous flow. Gestures, movements and expressions incorporated within each performer's script come together to bring forth an impressive performance. In contrast to Western stage entertainment, which is subdivided into different categories such as opera, drama and sketches, Chinese opera has remained faithful to its original format over the centuries.
By doing away with three-dimensional stage props and complicated backdrops found in Western opera, Chinese opera conveys the idea of time and space to the audience through the acting of performers. This simple and flexible technique is called “imagined time and space” in Chinese operatic terminology. The acting, however, is not mere imitation of movements in daily life. Instead, it has been perfected to bring out just their essentials, making them highly-stylize and rhythmic dancing movements. Such acting is described in Chinese stage language as “stylized formula”. In addition, Chinese opera has specific costumes, facial make-ups, musical motifs and recitations to represent each character in the series of characters known as Xingtous. All this, plus imagined time and space and stylized acting, has enabled the story to rise above real life and create a strong dramatic atmosphere with distinct operatic effects.
Western ears do not readily appreciate this art, for Chinese opera often seems shrilly and 'noisy'. Shrill voices pierce the air, accompanied by loud gongs, crashing cymbals, pounding drums and droning stringed instruments. The music is not intended to be melodic, as in the West, but rather used as punctuation to the performance. Chinese opera is an art of the people-enjoyed and appreciated by all across the social spectrum. In a real sense it is a folk art, comparable in many ways with the Chinese Circus. Although the music of Chinese opera may seem very alien, the stories told are very familiar to those accustomed to Western opera: heroes battle overwhelmingly powerful foes, good versus evil, and lovers seek escape from domineering and disapproving parents.
A distinct feature of Chinese opera is the makeup, movements, props, and colorful costumes. These features identify a character's age, sex, and personality the moment he or she enters the story. Face painting leans heavily on earlier forms of mask and make up. Facial patterns rely on exaggeration and the symbolism of color to suggest a character's attributes and personality. The painted faces become what the Chinese call ‘a mirror of the soul’. Well-versed members of the audience will be able to tell instantly the personality of characters on the stage by their painted faces. Although colors sometime represent a physical attribute of a character, they are predominantly used as indicators of a character’s personality. Apart from the exquisitely embroidered traditional costumes, head-dresses are a requisite in Chinese opera. The more elaborate the head-dress, the more significant the character. Costumes are extravagant in style in order to achieve as great a theatrical effect as possible. Like the face makeup, the color codes of these costumes identify the various ranks, status, and personality of the characters.
Although sharing a common ancestry, Chinese opera boasts over 300 various distinct forms-taking their names from their places of origin. These forms are generally discernible by their use of local dialects and distinct ‘melodies’. Beijing opera is considered by most to be the most refined. Also widespread are Pingju Opera, Kunqu Opera, Shaoxing Opera, Henan Opera, Sichuan Opera, Shanxi Opera, Huangmei Opera, Huagu Opera and Yangko Opera. Some Chinese ethnic minority groups have some local form of operas. Many modern instrumental music pieces incorporate traditional instruments while adapting a more modern style. However, instrumental music is still very traditional. Many works of traditional music are still played by small quartets and large orchestras. Chinese melodies are quite unique and incorporate into many modern compositions. Chinese instrumental music has changed because it is no longer restricted to the traditional format. Even non-traditional instruments such as the piano are used in creating modern works.
Western Opera
Opera is a form of theatre in which the drama is conveyed wholly or predominantly through music and singing. Opera emerged in Italy around the year 1600 and is generally associated with the Western classical music tradition. Opera uses many of the elements of spoken theatre such as scenery, costumes, and acting. Generally, however, opera is distinguished from other dramatic forms by the importance of song and conventions of vocal technique. The singers are accompanied by a musical ensemble ranging from a small instrumental ensemble to a full symphonic orchestra. Opera may also incorporate dance; this was especially true of French opera for much of its history.
Comparable art forms from various other parts of the world, many of them ancient in origin, exist and are also sometimes called “opera” by analogy, usually prefaced with an adjective indicating the region (for example, Chinese opera). These independent traditions are not derivative of Western opera, but are rather distinct forms of musical theatre. Opera is also not the only type of Western musical theatre: in the ancient world, Greek drama featured singing and instrumental accompaniment; and in modern times, other forms such as the musical have appeared.
The word opera means “works” in Italian (from the plural of Latin opus meaning “work” or “labour”) suggesting that it combines the arts of solo and choral singing, declamation, acting and dancing in a staged spectacle. Dafne by Jacopo Peri was the earliest composition considered opera, as understood today. It was written around 1597, largely under the inspiration of an elite circle of literate Florentine humanists who gathered as the “Camerata”. Significantly, Dafne was an attempt to revive the classical Greek drama, part of the wider revival of antiquity characteristic of the Renaissance. The members of the Camerata considered that the “chorus” parts of Greek dramas were originally sung, and possibly even the entire text of all roles; opera was thus conceived as a way of “restoring” this situation. Dafne is unfortunately lost. A later work by Peri, Euridice, dating from 1600, is the first opera score to have survived to the present day. The honour of being the first opera still to be regularly performed, however, goes to Claudio Monteverdi’s Orfeo, composed for the court of Mantua in 1607.
Step 7: Homework
1. Read the text again and again. Try to memorize the language points.
2. Parts A1 and A2 on page108 of the Workbook.
Period 3
Word Power
Teaching aims:
1. Learn and master the new words related to computers.
2. Enlarge the knowledge about the internet.
Important points & difficult points:
Master the expressions about the internet.
Teaching aids:
Recorder, blackboard
Teaching procedures:
Step1. Lead-in
At the beginning of today’s class, let’s play a guessing game. Here are several cards, in each of which is written an instrument. I’d like one of you to give a brief description of them and other students to guess what they are.
For reference
1. piano: a large musical instrument with a row of black and white keys which are pressed to play notes.
2. violin: a wooden musical instrument with four strings which is held against the neck and played by moving a bow across the strings.
3. guitar: a musical instrument with six strings and a long neck which is usually made of wood, and which is played by pulling or hitting the strings with the fingers.
4. cello: a wooden musical instrument with four strings, that is held vertically between the legs and is played by moving a bow across the strings.
5. trumpet: a brass musical instrument consisting of a metal tube with one narrow end, into which the player blows, and one wide end. Three buttons are pressed in order to change notes.
6. horn: a curved musical instrument made of metal, which is narrow at the end you blow down to make a sound, and wider towards the other end.
7. flute: a tube-shaped musical instrument with a hole that you blow across at one end while holding the tube out horizontally to one side of you.
8. clarinet: a tube-shaped musical instrument which is played by blowing through a single reed and pressing the metal keys to produce different notes.
9. cymbal: a flat round musical instrument made of brass, which makes a loud noise when hit with a stick or against another cymbal.
10. bass drum: a large drum that produces a low sound
Step2: Questions
1. Do you know how to play the piano/violin/guitar?
2. Have you ever seen a live orchestra performance or seen any orchestras playing on TV? What was it like?
3. What is an orchestra like?
4. What kind of music is performed by an orchestra?
5. Do you know any famous orchestras in China or in other places around the world?
For reference
Usually there are two types of orchestra. A chamber orchestra is a small group, and a symphony or philharmonic orchestra is a larger group which includes all of the instrument families.
The music that an orchestra plays is usually classical.
The members of an orchestra are musicians, including the conductor, the pianist, the violinist, the flutist and so on.
There are different types of musical instruments in an orchestra. The percussion family includes the piano, the timpani, the xylophone, the triangle, the snare drum, the bass drum, the woodblocks and the gongs. The brass family are the trumpet, the horn, the trombone and the tuba. The woodwind family members are the flute, the clarinet, the oboe and the bassoon. Sometimes the saxophone also joins the orchestra. The string section has four kinds of stringed instruments in the orchestra-the violins, the violas, the cellos and the double basses.
Step 3: Vocabulary learning
Small: a ________orchestra (chamber)
An orchestra large: a ________ orchestra (symphony/philharmonic)
________ (strings)
________ (woodwind)
Four groups of musical instruments ________ (brass)
________ (percussion)
________ classical music (Western)
________ (opera)
Music of an orchestra popular music
Music from different ________(countries)
Step 3: Homework
Finish the exercise P22-23
Period 4
Grammar and usage (Ellipsis)
Teaching aims:
1. To sum the usage of ellipsis and learn the usages of them.
2. To focus on the special styles .
Teaching important and difficult points :
1. To conclude the usages of them and do some practice .
2. How to use ellipsis correctly in a concrete sentence .
Teaching procedures :
Step 1: General introduction
The grammar item in this unit focuses on ellipsis. You will learn when to use ellipsis and how to use it correctly. You are expected to apply what you have learnt to practical use by finishing the two exercises in this section.
Step 2: Explanation and practice
Read the instructions on page 24. We use ellipsis when we do not want to repeat words or phrases that are obvious.
Ellipsis
省略句是英语的一种习惯用法。按照语法的分析，句子应该具备的成分，有时出于修辞上的需要，在句中并不出现，这种句子叫做省略句（elliptical sentences），这种语法现象称为“省略”（ellipsis or leaving words out）。其特点是：虽然省去句子语法构造所需要的组成部分，但仍能表达其完整的意义。
省略形式多样，从单词、短语到分句，都可以省略，而且各有一定的衔接关系，不容臆断。“省略”不但是一种“以无为有”的最简便的表达方法，而且也是一种简便至极，“虽无胜有”的修辞手段。如果弄不清一句中哪些部分省略了，就可以产生误解或歧义。
省略在英语运用中，尤其是在交际对话中普遍存在，因为它可以避免重复，突出关键词语，能做到言简意赅，并使上下文紧密连接。在历年的高考题中也屡见不鲜。省略有词法上的省略，也有句法上的省略，有的学者把某些替代也看作一种省略。
一、词法上的省略
1. 名词所有格后修饰的名词在以下情况可以省略
1）如果名词所有格修饰的名词在前文已出现，则可以省略。如：
These are John's books and those are Mary's (books). 这些是约翰的书，那些是玛丽的书。
2）名词所有格后修饰的名词如果是指商店、住宅等地点时，这些名词也常常省略。如：
at the doctor's 在诊所
at Mr Green's 在格林先生家
to my uncle's 到我叔叔家
at the barber's 在理发店
2. 冠词的省略
1）为了避免重复
The lightning flashed and thunder crashed. 电闪雷鸣。（thunder前省略了定冠词the）2）在the next day (morning, week, year...)等短语中，有时为了使语气紧凑定冠词the 常可以省略。如：We went to the farm to help the farmers with the harvest (the) next day. 第二天，我们去农场帮助农民收庄稼。
3）在副词的最高级前面的定冠词常可以省略。如：
She sings best in the class. 她在班上唱歌唱得最好。
4）在某些独立主格结构中。如：
Our teacher came in, book in hand. (=Our teacher came in, with a book in his hand.) 我们的老师手里拿着一本书进来了。
5）在as引导的让步状语从句中，当作表语的单数名词提前时，不定冠词要省略。如：
Child as he is, he knows a lot. 虽然他还是一个孩子，却懂得很多。
3. 介词的省略
1）both 后常跟of短语，其后可以接名词复数形式，也可以接代词宾格复数形式。接复数名词时，介词of可以省略，但接代词宾格时，of不能省略。如：
Both (of) the films were interesting. 这两部电影都很有趣。
She invited both of us to her birthday party. 她邀请我们俩去参加她的生日派对。
2）在现在完成时表持续和重复的句型中，一段时间前的介词for可以省略。如：
These shoes are worn out. They have lasted (for) a long time.
这双鞋穿破了，已经穿了很长一段时间了。
3）被动结构中，如果没有必要强调动作的执行者，则可以省略介词by短语。如：
The letter was posted (by me) yesterday. 这封信是昨天寄出去的。
4）和一些动词搭配构成的短语中的介词，如：consider... (as)..., prevent / stop... (from) doing..., have trouble / difficulty... (in) doing..., spend... (in / on) doing... 等中的介词可以省略。如：
Trees can prevent the earth (from) being washed away. 树能阻止泥土被冲走。
Can you stop him (from) going swimming in the river? 你能阻止他下河洗澡吗？
I have some difficulty (in) answering the question. 回答这个问题我有点困难。
4. 动词不定式中的省略
1）有些动词，如：believe, find, think, feel, consider, imagine, prove等后作宾补的结构to be + n. / adj. 中的to be可以省略。如：
I consider him (to be) lazy. 我认为他懒。
His mother found him (to be) a clever boy.
他母亲发觉他是一个很聪明的孩子。
2） 感官动词see, hear, feel, watch, notice 等以及使役动词let, make, have后作宾补的动词不定式中的不定式符号to要省略，但变为被动结构时，to必须保留。如：
They made the boy go to bed early. 他们强迫这个男孩早睡。
The boy was made to go to bed early. 这个男孩被迫早睡。
注：help后作宾补的动词不定式中的to可以省略也可以保留。
3）在can not but, can not choose but, can not help but之后的动词不定式一般不带to； but之前有实义动词do的某个形式do, does, did, done 时，也不带to, 否则要带to。如：
We have nothing to do now but wait. 我们现在除了等没有别的事可做。
I can not but admire his courage. 我不能不钦佩他的勇敢。
He has no choice but to accept the fact. 除了接受这个事实他别无选择。
4）在并列结构中为了避免重复。如：
I'm really puzzled what to think or say. 我真不知道该怎么想，怎么说才好。
但两个不定式有对照或对比的意义时，则后一个to不能省略。如：
I came not to scold but to praise you. 我来不是责备你，而是赞美你。
5）在why, why not 引导的特殊问句中后跟省略to的动词不定式。如：
Why talk so much about it? 为什么大谈这个事呢？
Why not try it again? 为什么不再试一试呢？
6） 主语部分有实意动词do 的任何形式，is /was后是不定式做的表语解释do 的内容，通常省略to.
The only thing you have to do is (to) press the button.
7） 动词不定式中动词原形部分是否省略，主要看句子前面是否已出现过同
样的动词。如果句子前面出现过同样的动词，为了避免重复，句子后面的不定式常省略动词原形，而保留不定式符号to。如：
They may go if they wish to (go). 如果他们想去，他们就可以去。
Don't go till I tell you to.直到我告诉你去，你才可以去。
在一些动词afford, agree, expect, forget, mean, pretend, remember, want, refuse, hope, wish, would like (love), try等后跟动词不定式作宾语，不定式中的to可以承前（后）省略。如:
-Will you go to the cinema with me? 你愿和我一起去看电影吗？
-Well, I'd like to (go with you). 我愿意。
I would do it for you, but I don't know how to (do it for you).
我想为你做这事，但我又不知如何做。
在某些形容词，如：afraid, glad, willing, happy, eager等后承前省略动词原形，只保留不定式符号to。如：
-Will you join us in the game? 你愿和我们一起做这个游戏吗？
-Sure, I'll be glad to (join you in the game). 当然，我愿意。
有些动词，如：tell, ask, allow, expect, force, invite, permit, persuade, order, warn, wish, would like, forbid等后跟动词不定式作宾语补足语、主语补足语时，不定式承前省略动词原形， 保留动词不定式符号to。如： He didn't come, though we had invited him to (come). 尽管我们邀请他来，他却没来。
注：承前省略的动词不定式如果有助动词have或be，则要保留be或have。如：
-Are you a teacher? 你是老师吗？
-No, but I used to be (a teacher). 不，我以前是。
二、句法中的省略
在一些简单句、并列句和复合句中，可以省略主语、谓语、宾语、表语等某一个句子成分，也可以省略多个句子成分。
1．简单句中的省略
1) 感叹句中常省略主语和谓语。如：
What a hot day (it is)! 多热的天啊！ How wonderful! 多妙啊！
2) 在一些口语中可以省略某些句子成分。如：
-(Will you) Have a smoke? 你抽烟吗？ -No. Thanks. 不，谢谢了。
(Is there) Anything else to say? 还有别的要说吗？
2．并列句中的省略
1) 如果主语不同，而谓语动词中的一部分相同，则省略谓语动词中相同的那部分。如：
John must have been playing football and Mary (must have been) doing her homework. 约翰一定在踢球，而玛丽一定在做作业。
2) 主语相同，谓语动词也相同，则二者都可以省略。如：
His suggestions made John happy, but (his suggestions made) Mary angry.
他的建议使约翰高兴，却使玛丽很生气。
3) 主语相同，而谓语不同，则可以省略主语。如：
Old McDonald gave up smoking for a while, but (he) soon returned to his old ways. 老麦克唐纳戒了一阵子烟，可很快又抽上了。
4) 在并列复合句中，如果that从句从属于第二个并列句且它的谓语动词和宾语等其它一些成分与第一个并列句相同时，这个that从句通常可以省略这些相同的部分。如：
Jack will sing at the party, but I know John won't (sing at the party).
杰克将在晚会上唱歌，但我知道约翰不会在晚会上唱歌。
3. 复合句中的省略
1) 名词性从句中的省略
(1) 作宾语的what从句中的谓语动词与主句的相同，则what从句可以省略谓语，甚至主语。如：Someone has used my bike, but I don't know who (has used it).
有人用了我的自行车，但我不知道是谁。
He has gone, but no one knows where (he has gone).
他走了，但没人知道他去哪儿了。
(2) 有时候也可以根据说话的情景来省略主句中的一些成分。如：
(I'm) Sorry I've kept you waiting so long. 对不起，让你久等了。
(3) 在某些表虚拟语气的主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中，从句谓语动词中的助动词should可以省略。如：It's important that we (should) speak to the old politely. 我们对老人说话要有礼貌，这很重要。
2) 定语从句中的省略
(1) 在限制性定语从句中，作宾语的关系代词that, which, who (whom)常可以省略。如：
The man (who / whom) I saw is called Smith. 我见到的那个人名叫史密斯。
Where is the book (which) I bought this morning?
今天上午我买的那本书在哪儿？
(2) 关系副词when, where, why以及that在the time (day, morning, afternoon, evening, night, week, month, year等) when, the place (desk, table, room, spot, house, town, country, school等)where, the reason why, the way that结构中引导限制性定语从句时，在非正式场合下，可以省略关系副词when, where, why, that。如：
I shall never forget the day (when) we first met.
我永远也不会忘记我们第一次见面的那一天。
The reason (why) he came so early is his own affair.
他来这么早是他自己的事。
The way (that) you answered the questions was admirable.
你回答这些问题的方式令人钦佩。
3）状语从句中的省略
当状语从句中的主语和主句的主语一致，或状语从句中的主语是it，并且又含有be动词时，常可以省略从句中的主语和be动词。
(1) 在as, before, till, once, when, while等引导的时间状语从句中。如：
While (I was) waiting, I was reading some magazines. 我一边看杂志，一边等。
(2) 在though, although,等引导的让步状语从句中。如：
Though (they were) tired, they went on working.
虽然他们累了，但他们仍继续工作。
(3) 在if, unless(=if... not)等引导的条件状语从句中。如：
You shouldn't come to his party unless (you were) invited.
除非你被邀请，否则你不应该来参加他的宴会。
(4) 在as, as if, as though引导的让步状语从句中。如：
He did as (he had been) told. 他按照被告知的那样去做了。
He paused as if (he was) expecting her to speak.
他停下来，好像是在期待她说话。
(5) 在as (so)... as..., than引导的比较状语从句中。如：
I know you can do better than he (can do). 我知道你能比他做得更好。
This car doesn't run as fast as that one (does). 这辆小车不及那辆跑得快。
三、替代性省略
在一些交际用语中的某些动词，如：think, suppose, expect, believe，guess等后常常和so， not等连用，以替代上文出现的内容。如：
-Do you suppose he is going to attend the meeting?
你认为他会来参加这个会议吗？
-I suppose not. 我认为不会。
Step3: Practise
1. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him_________.
A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not to
2. It’s a fine day. Let’s go fishing, ________?
A. won’t we B. will we C. don’t we D. shall we
3. Be sure to write to us, _______?
A. will you B. aren’t you C. can you D. mustn’t you
4. How about the two of us ________a walk down the garden?
A. to take B. take C. taking D. to be taking
5.-I usually go there by train.
-Why not _______by boat for a change?
A. to try going B. trying to go C. to try and go D. try going
6.-Alice, why didn’t you come yesterday?
-I ______, but I had an unexpected visitor.
A. had B. would C. was going to D. did
7. -Could I borrow your dictionary?
-Yes, of course you ________. (1992MET)
A. might B. will C. can D. should
8. -Don’t forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow.
-__________. (1994 NMET)
A. I don’t B. I won’t C. I can’t D. I haven’t
Keys: 1-5 ADACD 6-8 CCB
Step 4: Consolidation
I. Multiple choice
1. ＿＿＿＿＿ for your brother, I would not have gone to see Mr. Wang.
A. If it is not B. Were it not C. Had it not been D. If they were not
2. - I’d like to have a piece of bread and two eggs.
- Anything ＿＿＿＿＿?
A. following B. follows C. to follow D. to be followed
3. He suggested that the work ＿＿＿＿＿ at once.
A. be done B. should do C. could do D. does
4. It’s a fine day. Let’s go swimming, ＿＿＿＿＿?
A. won’t we B. will you C. don’t we D. shall we
5. Be sure to be here early tomorrow, ＿＿＿＿＿?
A. will you B. aren’t you C. can you D. could you
6. Father advised me not to say anything until＿＿＿＿＿ at the meeting.
A. asking B. to ask C. asked D. ask
7. We will have a meeting next week, but we don’t know ＿＿＿＿＿.
A. who B. where C. as D. which
8. Though the little boy is often made ＿＿＿by his brother, he made his brother ＿＿＿yesterday.
A. cry; to cry B. crying; crying C. cry; cry D. to cry; cry
9. - I’ll go to Korea to watch the 14th Asian Games. Would you mind looking after my dog?
- Not all. ＿＿＿＿＿.
A. I can’t B. Please don’t C. I’d like it D. I’d be happy to
10. - Do you think Jack is going to watch a football match this weekend?
- ＿＿＿＿＿.
A. I believe not B. I believe not so C. I don’t believe it D. I don’t believe
11. - What do you think made the girl so glad?
- ＿＿＿＿＿ a beautiful necklace.
A. As she received B. Receiving C. Received D. Because of receiving
12. - Aren’t you be chairman?
- No, and I ＿＿＿＿＿.
A. don’t want to B. don’t want C. don’t want to be D. don’t want be
13. You’re＿＿＿＿＿your time trying to persuade him. He’ll never join us.
A. spending B. wasting C. losing D. missing
14. - He promised to come to see you.
- But he ＿＿＿＿＿. I’ve been all alone.
A. didn’t B. wouldn’t C. hasn’t D. won’t
15. -- How about the number of students playing on the playground?
-- ＿＿＿＿＿.
A. Small B. Many C. Little D. Most
16. All substances, ＿＿＿＿＿ solids, liquids, or gases, are made up of entirely atoms.
A. whether they B. whether C. whether are they D. whether are
17. - Have you watered the flowers?
- No, but ＿＿＿＿＿.
A. I am B. I’m going C. I’m just going to D. I will go
18. If you go to Xi’an, you will find the palaces there more magnificent than commonly＿＿＿.
A. supposing B. supposed C. to suppose D. suppose
19. If ＿＿＿＿＿ the same treatment again, he is sure to get well. A. giving B. give C. given D. being given
20. He broke his legs while ＿＿＿＿＿.
A. riding B. ride C. was riding D. rode
II. Translation
1. 我伯父的身体比我上次给你去信时好些了。
2. 这种物质称为水，其重要性仅次于氧。
3. 上海即使不是世界上最大的城市也堪称世界最大的城市之一。
4. 我的兄弟有时抽烟，而我不抽烟。
5. 一旦出版, 这部小说将成为今年的畅销书之一。
Keys :
I. 1-5 CCADA 6-10 CBDDA 11-15 BCBCA 16-20 BCBCA
II.
1. My uncle is better than when I wrote to.
2. This substance we call water, and come next only to oxygen．
3. Shanghai is one of the largest cities in the world, if not the largest (city).
4. My brother smokes, but I don’t (smoke).
5. When published, the novel will become one of the best sellers of the year.
Period 5
Task ( Making an exhibition board about a composer)
Teaching aims:
1. to improve the students’ listening ,speaking and writing skills.
2. to collect facts and figure out opinions.
Teaching procedures:
Skills building 1: listening for facts about people
Every one of you must have a good friend in your class. Would you like to give your best friend a brief introduction? Or would you like to talk about a famous person that you admire most?
What information do you want to know when we talk about people?
● dates (born/died)
● places (born/died)
● specific things done in their life
● detailed information (why they did so; who or what influenced them)
Step 1: taking notes on famous composers P26
Skills building 2: finding about people’s lives
1. To obtain more detailed information, what are we supposed to do when we already know a little about a topic? (Asking questions.)
2. If you already know some general information about a famous composer, but you want to get more detailed information about him or her, what should you do? What information would you like to know about the famous composer’s life? One of the good ways to learn about people’s lives is to ask some questions.
3. Read the guidelines and the eleven questions on page 28 and compare them with your own questions. Then decide which questions can help you get more detailed information.
Step 2: asking for further information
Now, let’s use the skills we just learned to get further information. Suppose you interview a member of the school music club.
1. Work individually to think up and write down as many questions as you can to find more detailed information. You can consult your notes on page 26.
2. Work in pairs, one asks questions and the other answers these questions using the prompts. After that, I’d like you to present the questions and answers in front of the classroom.
Skills building 3: writing someone’s life story
1. Discussion:
When you write a person’s life story on an exhibition board, what should be included in it?
Should the date and place of his or her birth and death, timeline of the things he or she did and people’s opinions on him or her be included? How will this information be organized?
How can you find the facts or get the timeline?
Do you think it necessary to add a picture of the person you choose to write about?
2. Read the guidelines in this part to find out the main things you should pay attention to when writing a life story.
Step 3: writing the life story of a composer
Now, let’s try to write a life story about a famous composer based on the information you have collected in Step 1 and 2.
1. Work in pairs: review the information you have listened to, the article you read about Mozart on page 27 and the other information you read on page 28. Discuss the following questions:
When and where was Mozart born?
What style of music did he compose？
When did he write his first piece of music?
What famous works did he write?
When and where did he die?
2. Let’s use the information that you gathered in Steps 1 and 2 to write the life story of a composer, referring to the questions in Skills building 3. Read the instructions in this part. Before writing, you should think about what you should write in your articles.
Possible example
The life of a famous composer Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
(1756-1791)
Early years
Born on 27 January 1756, in Salzburg, Austria, Mozart showed remarkable talent in music. His father was a successful composer and served as his first musical tutor. At the age of five, Mozart started writing classical music. He composed classical music and had his first piece of music published in 1764. He composed his first opera at the age of twelve in 1768.
Achievements
Some of the famous music that he wrote included:
The Marriage of Figaro, which he wrote for the Vienna Opera, one of the world’s best-known opera houses.
Don Giovanni, another successful opera he wrote in 1787.
The Magic Flute, written in 1791, just before he died later the same year.
Family
In 1782, Mozart married Constanze Weber, a young woman from Germany.
Period 6
Project (Making a web page)
Teaching aims:
Improve the students’ ability of practice.
Important points & difficult points:
Read the passage about the history of music from jazz to pop
Language points in the text
Teaching Procedures:
Step 1: lead-in
The project in this unit is designed to help you practise and use English by completing a project. You are first asked to read a magazine article about the development of pop music over the last one hundred years. You are expected to take this article as your sample and do some research on a singer or a band to make a web page. The purpose of this section is to help you use what you have learnt to finish a project by working together. During the course of the project, you will discuss which singer or band you will focus on, what you will include in the project and how you can organize your web page. In order to finish the project, you are expected to know how to cooperate and work together to complete each part.
Step2: Fsat Reading
Have you heard of the Eagles? It’s a world-famous rock & roll band. Let’s first enjoy their classic “hotel California”.
Like most Americans, and most bands formed in California, the Eagles came from eslewhere. Their brand of rock'n'roll was nurtured in the heartland, not on the fringes. Early songs from “Take it easy” to “Desperado” were dubbed “country rock”. But, as the Seventies rolled on, the Eagles soared higher and wider. “Best of my love” and “Lyin'eyes” were rock and pop and country and the fans took them as their own.. The distance between the country and the city, the redneck and the hippie, narrowed. In the Nineties, that gap would be forever closed by another generation of country rockers.
Well, are you interested in pop music? Would you like to know more about rock music? Let’s read the passage and you’ll get more information.
Step3: Detailed reading
Read the article and find out as much information as possible about Western Pop music. Organize the outline of the article as follows:
Early jazz
● Jazz began in the USA.
● After World War I, jazz was the most popular type of music.
● It came from the folk songs of American black slaves.
● The trumpet was and still is one of the most important instruments used in jazz.
● Louis Armstrong is seen as one of the founding fathers of jazz.
● Solo performance became an essential part of every jazz song.
From swing music to rock and roll
● Swing music is a kind of jazz for dancing.
● It is faster than traditional jazz music.
● Swing music was usually played in dance halls by ‘big bands’, including a pianist, a violinist and a bassist, as well as others.
● R﹠B is a kind of mixture of jazz and swing.
● R﹠B included both guitar and saxophone solos.
● R﹠B developed into what we know as rock and roll.
● Big Jon Turner, a black American singer, is thought to be one of the pioneers of rock and roll.
● Sam Philips, a music promoter from Memphis, Tennessee, found that a white man named Elvis Presley could sing like a black man.
1960s pop music
● The Beatles were the most popular rock and roll band of the 1960s.
● The Beatles helped make Western pop music popular around the world.
● Wherever the Beatles went, large numbers of fans would welcome them.
Step4: Task
Read the article again. Underline the key words, phrases or sentences about the development of pop music.
Step5: Discussion
1. Work in groups to discuss how to research and what to research about a singer or a band.
2. Work in pairs to discuss the questions in Part B.
Step6: Homework
Read Part A on page 115 of the Workbook.
Module 8 Unit 1 The Written World
Welcome to the unit
1 appreciate literature 欣赏文学
I would appreciate it if…如果…我将万分感激
2.give one's opinion on sth 对…..发表自己的观点
3. recite a poem 背诵诗歌
4. in their spare time 在他们的业余时间里
5. recommend a book to a friend 向朋友推荐一本书
6. replace books in print 替代印刷书籍
Language points:
1 Do people still read books in their spare time? (P1)
spare vt. 节约；吝惜；省出；抽出（时间）；剩下 adj.多余的；剩下的；空闲的；未占有的
归纳拓展
spare no efforts to do不遗余力
spare one’s life (spare sb his life) 饶某人一命
in one’s spare time 在业余时间
a spare room 备用房间
Practice:
(1) He caught the train with a few minutes ______.
A. spare B. to spare C. sparing D. spared
(2) Let Harry play with your toys as well, Clare--- you must learn to _______.
A. support B. care C. spare D. share
(3) 现在我能抽出时间。
2.Do you think e-books will ever replace books in print? (P1)
replace v. 取代；代替；替换；放回原处；
归纳拓展
replace= take the place of 取代；代替
in place of取代；代替(介词短语)
instead of代替;而不是(介词短语)
take one’s place 代替某人；就位；就职
take place 发生；
replace…by/ with … 以…代替/替换
Practice:
(1) Now plastics have ______ wood, iron, and steel in many fields.
A taken place B. in place of C. instead of D. taken the place of
(2) They will go to Guangzhou by plane_______ by train.
A. in place of B. instead of C. instead D. take the place of
(3) Can anything replace a mother’s love and care?
4.所有的书必须放回到书架上。
3.If you were asked to recommend a book to a friend, what book would you choose? (P1)
recommend
(1)~ sb/sth (to sb) (for sth/as sth) 推荐某人; 赞许某人[某事物
I recommend him for a post. _____________________
He was recommended as a good doctor. __________________
(2) 劝告，建议，
我建议你先见见他。
_____________________________
_____________________________
Welcome
1. B D, I can spare time now.
2. D B 有什么东西能取代母亲的爱和关怀。All the books must be replaced on the shelves.
3. 我给他介绍了一份工作。他被人推荐为一个好医生。I recommend you/your meeting him first. /I recommend you (should) meet him first.
Reading重点短语
1. be well received 很受欢迎/收视率很好
2. be left to gather dust on shelves 被留在书架上尘封
3. have a place in the world 在世界上拥有一席之地
4. award-winning film 获奖影片
5. best-known works 广为人知的作品
6. One of the greatest writers is lost to the world.世界失去了最伟大的一位作家
7. be set in 以…为背景
8. seldom have a kind word to say 没有什么善言好语
9. would rather die than see any harm come to Pip 情愿死也不愿看到Pip 受到伤害
10. in a misty field of tombs 在薄雾笼罩的坟场上
11. a symbol of danger and uncertainty 危险和不确定的象征
12. add interest, tension or deeper meanings to the text为原文增添了趣味、紧张的气氛
和更层次的含义
13. set him free from financial worries 使他不用为经济问题担忧
14. make the abrupt decision to...做了一个突然的决定
15. can hardly wait to 迫不及待地…
16. develop the shortcomings of 养成了…缺点
17. be bent on becoming a gentleman 一心想成为绅士
18. an educated person 受过教育的人/有教养的人
19. have prejudice 有偏见
20. adopt a certain point of view 接受某一观念
21. give away a story
22. be prejudiced against… 对。。。有偏见
23. main the acquaitance of 结识某人
Reading
1. They are novels, plays and poems that were written a long time ago and were so well written and well received …
received adj. 被承认的；被认可的；公认的
be well received with 很受……欢迎
这位歌手很受学生们的欢迎。
归纳拓展
receive sth from…从……得到某物
receive sb into sth接纳;接待
1. 我昨天收到了李红给我的生日礼物.
2. 这个节目很受观众的欢迎.
2. Many people do not read them because they think they are old-fashioned and boring, and have nothing to do with life today.
have nothing to do with 与……无关;与……没来往
这与你无关.
我劝你不要与那人来往.
归纳拓展
have sth to do with与……有关/ be to do with
care nothing for对……满不在乎
think nothing of对……满不在乎
do nothing but只是……
nothing but… 只……
for nothing免费
nothing much 没什么
anything but 一点也不
1. He (不在乎钱).
2. She got the tickets (免费).
3. She (只是) a child.
4. He (认为……不算啥)a twenty-mile walk.
5. ---Anything interesting happening?
---No, _____________
A. something of B. nothing much C. something much D. nothing of
3. They have not disappeared and still have a place in the world today.
have a place in …在……中占一席之地
1.史密斯先生在公司占有重要地位.
2.The famous scientist has ________ in the world.
A. a seat B. a place C. a role D. places
4. .. the award-winning film based on Jane Austen’s novel Emma, was released.
release (1)发行影片﹑ 书﹑ 唱片; 发布（新闻）~ sth (to sb/sth)
(2) 放走（人或动物）; 释放或解放某人[某事物~ sb/sth (from sth)
(3) 让某物飞走﹑ 落下等release an arrow, bomb (射箭﹑ 投掷炸弹)
eg. 他的新唱片将于下月发行。
___________________________________________
The man__________________(从狱中释放) was sent to prison again for fraud.
The latest development has just been released to the media.
__________________________________________________
5. I do not think that these classic novels would be made into films if they had nothing to do with life today.
make…into…= to change sth or sb different from what it/he/she used to be
1.那部电影的成功使她一夜成名.
2.我们可以把这个房间改变成书房.
6. He first published many novels one chapter at a time in newspapers,… (P2)
at a time 一次;每次
每次服两片.
不要什么事都一块干,要一次做一点儿.
归纳拓展
at one time曾经
at times有时= from time to time
at the same time同时
at the time在那时
at no time 决不;在任何时候都不
in no time立刻;马上
in time 及时；迟早=sooner or later
in time for…及时赶上
for the time being 暂时，目前
ahead of time提前;提早
all the time一直;始终
as time goes on 随着时间的推移
kill one’s time 消磨时间
take one’s time从容进行;不慌不忙
Practice:
1.-------Can I look at the menu for a few minutes before I decide?
--------Of course. _____ , sir.
A. Make yourself at home B. Enjoy yourself C. It doesn’t matter D. Take your time.
2.Don’t all speak at once! ______ , please.
A. Each at one time B. One by one time C. One for each time D. One at a time
3. At no time will China be the first to use nuclear weapons.
中国在任何时候都不首先使用核武器。
7. Great Expectations is set in England in the early 1800s. (P3)
be set in 以……为背景
这部电影以上海为背景.
归纳拓展
set about (doing ) sth开始/着手(做)某事
set out出发;动身;
set out on sth/ set out to do=set about doing开始/着手做某事
set aside 留出;拨出;不顾
set back把(钟表等)往回拨
set sth down放下;记下
set sb. thinking 让某人深思
set off出发;动身;使爆炸;引起
set…free 释放……/release
(1) He set _________ washing his car.
(2) She set a good example _______ all of us.
(3) The rainy season has set _______.
(4) The school was set _______ years ago.
(5) She has ________ some money for a trip to Beijing.
A. set about B. set aside C. set down D. set in
(6)The letter from his mother _________________ (引发了他的思乡之情).
8. ...who would rather die than see any harm come to Pip. (P3)
would rather宁愿
归纳拓展
would rather(not) do sth宁愿(不)做某事
would rather do…than do………宁愿做某事……而不愿做某事
=prefer to do …rather than do…喜欢做……胜过……
would rather sb did sth宁愿某人去做某事 (什么用法？___________)
would rather sb had done sth宁愿(过去)某人已做了某事
rather than而不是
other than除了
or rather确切的说
Practice:
(1) It was owing to luck ______ judgment _______ the driver succeeded in avoiding an accident.
A. better than; when B. rather than; that C. other than; When D. more than ; which
(2) I worked as a secretary, ____, a typist.
A. rather than B. or rather C. in rather D. would rather
9. Classic novels often have symbols which add interest, tension or deeper meanings to the text.
add v.
归纳拓展
add…to…把……加到……里
add to (=increase)增加;添加
add up把……加起来
add up to(=come to;total)共计(达)
add… in把……包括在内
add that…补充说
Practice:
(1) 这种坏天气增加了我们的困难.
(2) 这些数字加起来是1000.
(3) We have planted flowers and green trees around the blocks of buildings, which _____ beauty to the whole city.
A. add to B. add up to C. is added to D. add
(4) We are having a class,” she said, _______ it was a newly open kindergarten sponsored by the church. A. added that B. adding that C. has added D. and adding that
10. Pip is bent on becoming a gentleman and winning Estella’s love. (P3)
be bent on sth / doing sth 一心想要;决心要
吉姆一心想要成为一个音乐家.__________________________________________
归纳拓展
make up one’s mind(s) to do下定决心
determine to do sth决定做某事(表示动作)
be determined to do sth 决心做某事(表示状态)
determine sb to do sth使某人下决心做某事
decide on/upon决定某事
(1)___________ to train his daughter in English, he put an ad like this in the paper,＂ , an English teacher for a ten-year-old girl.”
A. Determined; Wanted B. Determined; Wanting
C. Determine ; Wanted D. Determining Wanting
(2) He is _________ learning English well.
A. bent to B. bent on C. bending to D. bending on
11. The best part of the story is when Pip makes the acquaintance of the man who gives him his fortune.
make the acquaintance of = make sb’s acquaintance 和……相识;结识
我是在一个集会上认识他的.___________________________________________
归纳拓展
acquaint sb with sth 使某人熟悉或了解某物
be acquainted with sth对某事熟悉
be acquainted with sb认识某人
Reading
1.The singer is well received with the students./ I received a birthday present from Li Hong yesterday. /The programme is well received with the audience.
2.This has nothing to do with you. / I advise you to have nothing with that man.
cared nothing for money /for nothing/ is nothing but/ thinks nothing of / B
3. Mr Smith has an important place in the company./ B
4. His new record will be released next month./ released from prison. 最新的发展情况已经向媒体发布了。
5. The success of the film made her into a star overnight./ We can make this room into a study.
6. Take two pills at a time./Don’t try to do everything at once; do it a bit at a time./D /D
7. The film was set in Shanghai./about/in/to /up/ B./ set off his homesickness.
8. B/B
9. The bad weather added to our difficulties. / These numbers add up to 100. /A /B
10. Jim is bent on becoming a musician. /A /B
11. I made his acquaintance at the party.
句子结构分析：
1. They are novels, plays and poems that were written a long time ago and were so well written and well received that people still read them today. (Line 2)
句中that 分别引导_________ 从句和____________ 从句。
2. Pip, who is seven years old when the story begins, is in a misty field of tombs when a man appears and frightens him. (Line 32)
句中when 引导的从句分别为：__________从句和__________ 从句。
3. Readers may not be able to see the danger, so they need a symbol like the mist to make it clearer to them. (Line 35)
it 在句中指代: _______________
4. Pip dislikes it when Joe comes to visit him in London. (Line43)
it 在句中指代：______________
类似用法：
I hate it when people talk with their mouths full.
I would appreciate it if you could reply my question.
5. He has rigid ideas of what it means to be civil and to be a gentleman, and is embarrassed by Joe because he does not fit these. (Line 44)
it在句中指代：____________
6. He learns that wealth does not buy happiness and that friends are more important than a fancy education.
句中that 引导_________从句，后一个that 可否省略：__________
Word Power
1.be divided into two main categories 被分成两大部分
2. be performed on stage 在舞台上表演
3. on best-seller lists 在畅销书排行榜上
4. the most famous playwright of all time 有史以来最著名的剧作家
5. a short work of fiction 一部短篇小说
Grammar and usage
1. can hardly wait to 迫不及待地
2. far from disappearing 远没有消失
3. seldom have a kind word to say 没有什么善言好语
4. set him free from financial worries 使他远离经济压力
5. would rather die than see any harm come to Pip 情愿死也不愿看到Pip 受伤害
6. The story is set in England 故事以英格兰为背景
7. experience an abnormal childhood 经历了非常人的童年
8. be treated badly 遭到了虐待
9. a servant to sb. 某人的仆人
10. be abused by 被虐待
11. be taken to court 被起诉/控告
12. He pities /feels pity for Oliver. 他同情奥利弗。
13. one’s hiding place 某人的藏身之处
13. force him back into a life of crime 迫使他重新去犯罪
14. be reunited with sb. 与某人团聚
15.far from------
离-----远; 远非……、决不……
如： The sun is far from the earth.
He is far from (being) honest．他决非诚实之人。
译: 我决不是怪他。
______________________________.
她的写作还不够完美
____________________________.
16. 原句再现
: Oliver gets caught by the police and is taken to court.
1) catch: 捕捉; 撞见; 理解
be caught in ----- 碰到, 遇到
catch sb by the + 部位 抓住某人体部位
catch sb doing----- 撞见某人正在做-----/ sb be caught doing
catch one’s attention 引起某人的注意
完成句子:
We __________________(遇到大雨) on the way home.
He __________________ (抓住我的手)and said, “Don’t forget.”
The teacher___________________(撞见他在睡觉) in class
I’m sorry.______________________(我没听懂你的话)
2) take sb to court 起诉/控告某人
go to court (over sth) 起诉, 打官司
完成句子:
I ______________ (起诉他)for repayment of the debt.
17原句再现:
He pities Oliver, takes him home, and tries to reform.
reform 变好,改善; 改良,改进,改革; 改造,改过自新
There are signs that he’s reforming.
reform one’s way/habits 改变作风/习惯
译: 进行改革_____________________
我想使他改过自新,但是徒劳无功.
I wanted to _________ him, but ____________________.
18.原句再现:
They force him back into a life of crime by pressuring him with the threat of violence if he resists.
pressure n./vt
pressure sb into sth/ doing sth强迫某人做某事
put pressure on sb (to do sth) (试图)迫使某人(做某事); 催逼某人
under pressure
eg. We don’t want to ________ pressure _______ you to make a decision, but we haven’t much time left.
A put; to B place; on C put; on D place; to
19. He will have only misfortune, not a real family and the love he deserves….
他将会仅仅拥有不幸，而不是他应该得到的真正的家庭和爱...
deserve v. （不用于进行时）应受奖赏；应得；值得
(1) 这篇文章值得仔细研究_______________________________________
(2) She deserves a reward for her efforts.
_______________________________
(3) They deserve to be sent to prison.
__________________________________
Word ; Grammar and Usage
15. I’m far from blaming him. /His writing is far from perfection.
16. were caught in a rain /caught me by the hand /caught him sleeping
I didn’t catch what you said / took him to court
17. carry out reforms / reform in vain
18. C
19. The article deserves careful study. 她积极努力,应得到奖赏/他们应该入狱.
Task:
1. make a ball out of ... 用…做了个球
2. old socks covered with a piece of plastic 包着一层塑料的旧袜子
3. turn the sky pale orange天空成了淡淡的橙色
4. spin across the grass 滚过草地
5. a pair of brand new sneakers 一双崭新的运动鞋
6. have little talent for… …方面几乎毫无天赋
7. hug sth to one’s chest 紧紧搂着...
8. be filled with sorrow 非常伤心
to one’s sorrow / to the sorrow of sb
9. at the sight of … 一看到…
10. let out a sad sigh 发出一声哀叹
11. As his sadness turned to anger 随着他的悲伤转为愤怒
12. hold it gently in his hands 轻轻地抱在手中
13. I feel the same way 我有同感
14. I beg to differ 恕我不同赞同
15. have a difficult life 过着艰难的生活
16. lead her to run away to Ireland 带她逃到爱尔兰
17. another sweet and sugary Cinderella story 又一个甜蜜的灰姑娘的故事
18. Cindy was mistaken. 辛迪被误会了。
19. claim part of her fortune 夺去她的一部分财产
20. lie crying in the dark 躺在黑暗中哭泣
21. from beginning to end 从头至尾
22. Kevin was filled with sorrow at the sight of his old soccer ball, and he let out a sad sigh.
1) at the sight/ thought of---- 一看到/一想到…
at first sight 乍看
catch/have/get sight of---
in sight
out of sight
lose sight of
2) 译下列短语:
let out a cry
let out a secret
let out the skirt
let sb down
let sb alone 不理会，不打扰
let go off 放手
23.entertain sb with sth 以---逗乐----
entertaining adj. = amusing and pleasing 令人愉快的
entertainment n. 娱乐，消遣，款待
Practice:
I like Dr Liu’s lecture, which is both informative (见闻广博的) and ___________.
Is there any traditional _________ at Thanksgiving in your town, besides Trick and Treat.
24. Give a brief outline of the plot without giving away the ending.
概括主要的故事情节而不要先说出结局。
give away
(1) 分发（奖品）；（2）放弃（机会等）；（3）泄露（秘密等）；（4）出卖
His accent gave him away. __________________________________________
你已经失去了一个比赛获胜的好机会。
_______________________________________________________
词汇拓展
give back 恢复，归还，送还
give off 发出 放出（光、气味、烟等）
give in to sb. 屈服，让步
give up 放弃
Practice:
( )The mayor ___________ the prizes at the sports meeting
A. gave away B. gave off C. gave in D. gave up
( )He has __________ to our view.
A. gave in B. given in C. given away D. given out
Task:
23. entertaining entertainment
24. 他的口音暴露了他的身份。You’ve given away a good chance of winning the game. AB
Project
1. a supreme literature hero 文学巨匠
2. be typical of… 是… 所特有的
3. have a reputation for…因… 而闻名
4. with many debts 负债累累
5. become famous nationwide overnight 一夜之间全国闻名
6. earn his living by farming 靠农活维持生计
7. A weak constitution shortened Burns's life. 虚弱的体质缩短了彭斯的寿命。
8. mourn one’s death 为… 的逝去而哀悼
9. this monument to him 他的纪念碑
10. tend to be more emotional 倾向于更加情感化
11. sleep deeply 熟睡
12. a dreamlike quality 梦境般的特色
13. It was intended to be a song. 为歌咏而作
14. be intended to be sung 用以吟唱
15. stress syllables 重读音节
16. compare the idea of love to a red rose 将爱比作火红的玫瑰
17. in tune 合调子
18. a farewell to a certain way of life 告别某种生活方式
19. say goodbye to a loved one 向恋人说再见
20. be no different 没什么区别，如出一辙
21.Typical of the Scotch, Burns had a reputation for being funny and charming.
be typical of ….是….所特有的,在句中充当__________成分
e.g. It was typical of her to forget.
_____________________________
reputation n.声誉，名誉；美名，声望
He is a man of good/high reputation.
______________________________
史密斯先生因为他的风趣而名声在外。
________________________________
常见短语
be good/bad for one’s reputation 有益/有损某人的名声
build up a reputation 逐渐成名
have a reputation for 以…出名
22. He was transformed and became famous overnight.
overnight adj./ adv.
译:an overnight journey ____________
an overnight success ___________
become famous overnight ______________
23. Romantic themes tend to be more emotional.
tend to do 有---- 倾向
Translate:
女人多比男人长寿____________________________.
tendency n. 倾向、趋势 a tendency to/towards sth/ to do sth.
I have a tendency to/towards fatness (同意句)
I_______ ________ _________ _________.
24. Romantic poetry often involves dreams as a theme.
involve vt. (1) 需要，使某事物成为必要条件或结果
His work involves occasional journey.
___________________________________
接受这份工作就必须到国外居住。
____________________________________
(2) 使参与，牵涉 involve… in.
Several officials _____________(被卷入) this scandal.
销售合同牵连到3个公司。
__________________________________________
25. Like many of Burns’s poems, this one was intended to be a song.
intend to do/ doing----
intend sb to do--- 打算让某人做…（intend him to take over the company）
sth be intended/designed /meant to do sth/for sb.
intend sth as 打算让某一事物成为另一事物--= sth be intended/designed/meant as---
单项填空:
1)Children above 12 are able to take part in skiing or other activities ________ for them.
A designed B. designing C. to design D. having designed
2)The performance of the host, ____ to please the audience and draw their attention, was greeted with a cold silence, though.
A. had intended B. intended C. intending D. to intend
Translate:
This book is intended for children.
____________________________________________________.
These notes are intended as an introduction to the course.
_____________________________________________________
26. The word “like” is used to is used to compare the idea of love to a red rose.
Another comparison like this is used when the idea of love is compared to a song in the lines…
compare… with….把… 与… 相比较
compare… to… 把… 比作…..
can compare with… 比得上
compared to/with…与… 相比（固定短语做状语）
Practice:
(1) ___________ your translation with the model translation on the blackboard.
(2) The fins (鳍) of a fish may be _______ to the legs of a dog.
(3) It was a small place ________ with what it is now.
(4) ________ with many other women, she was indeed very fortunate.
(5) They all started to ______ her to Mona Lisa.
(6) ________ what he had already, the new stamps were not very interesting.
A．Comparing to B. Compared to C. Compare with D. Compare to
(7) _________ Chinese culture with other cultures, you will find it more colorful.
(8) Nothing can______ ______ your generosity and concern for those homeless children.
Project
21. 她这人就是爱忘事 他是一个名誉很好的人 Mr. Smith has a reputation for humour.
22夜间旅行 一夜成名 一夜成名
23. Women tend to live longer than men. tend to get fat
24. 他的工作使他不得不偶而出差 Accepting the job involves living abroad.
were involved in The sales contract involved three companies.
25. A B 这本书是为儿童写的. /这些笔记的目的是作为对这门课程的介绍.
26. Compare, compared, compared, Compared, compare, B, Comparing, compare with
Participles 分词
1. 分词的构成
分词分为现在分词和过去分词。现在分词构成为V+ing, 过去分词构成为V+ed。分词也有一般式、过去式、完成式及主动和被动等各种形式。
2. 现在分词和过去分词的区别
1) 在时态上，现在分词表示正在进行，而过去分词表示已经完成。
Developing countries 发展中国家
The developed countries 发达国家
Boiling water 沸腾的水
Boiled water 开水
2) 在语态上，现在分词表示主动，而过去分词表示被动。
The oppressing class 压迫阶级
The oppressed class 被压迫阶级
Burning fire 燃烧的火焰
Burned skin 烧伤的皮肤
3. 分词的时态与语态
1) 一般式（主动、被动）
分词的一般式的主动式所表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，或在谓语动词表示的动作之前发生。其被动式表示这个动作正在发生或与谓语动作同时发生，主要充当定语、状语或宾补。
E.g. I found him reading when I entered the room.
当我进入房间时我发现他在读书。
I found the flowers watered. 我发现花已浇过了。
He found the matter being talked everywhere. 他发现到处都在谈论这件事。
The building being repaired is a hospital. 正在修建的建筑物是一家医院。
Being surrounded, the enemies were forced to put down their guns. 敌人被包围，不得不缴械投降。
2) 完成式（主动、被动）
分词的完成式表示分词的动作发生在谓语动作之前。完成时态的分词在句中常作状语，一般不作定语。
E.g. Not having made adequate preparation, we postponed the sports meet.
由于没做好充分的准备，我们推迟了运动会。
Having been given such a good chance, how could he give it up?
给了这样好的机会，他怎能放弃呢？
3) 现在分词的被动式与过去分词的区别
过去分词表示动作已完成，不强调时间概念，而现在分词的被动式强调某一动作正在进行中。
E.g. The building repaired is library. 修建过的那个建筑物是我们的图书馆。
The building being repaired is our library. 正在修建的那个建筑物是我们的图书馆。
4) 延续性动词和终止性动词的现在分词在时间含义上的区别
延续性动词的现在分词结构相当于一个过去进行时时态的句子，
而终止性动词的现在分词结构相当于一个一般过去时的从句。
E.g. Walking in the street the other day (=While I was walking in the street the other day), I came across an old friend of mine. 那天我在马路上走时，突然碰到了我的一个老朋友。
Arriving at the airport (=When I arrived at the airport), I found my light had taken off. 到达机场时，我发现我的班机已经起飞了。
4. 分词的独立结构
分词（短语）作状语时，尽管在形式上它没有主语，但其逻辑上的主语必须和谓语动词的主语保持一致。
E.g. Studying in the college (=When I studied in the college), I learned a lot from my teachers.在大学学习时，我从老师那里学到了很多东西。
但是，分词有时也有自己独立的逻辑上的主语，这种结构称为分词的独立结构。它可以表示时间，原因，条件，伴随的动作，有时还可用介词with, without 来引导。
E.g. His mother being ill, he is absent today. 他的母亲病了，他今天没来。（原因）
Time permitting, they will start to do a new job. 如果时间允许，他们会开始做一项新工作。（条件）
He rushed into the room, his face covered with sweat. 他满脸是汗地冲进了房间。（伴随）
They traveled a whole day, without any food eaten. 他们饿着肚子旅行了一整天。（伴随）
注意：分词用于独立结构时，如果分词是没有实际意义的being或 having been done形式时， being或having been可以省略。
E.g. The old man was in a bad condition, his temperature (being) over 40℃ and his pulse (being) weak and rapid. 那位老人处于不好的状况，他的体温超过40℃，脉搏既弱又快。
The report (having been) read, a discussion began. 读完报告，开始讨论。
The experiment (having been) finished, we left the lab and went home. 实验结束后，我们离开了实验室回家了。
Practice 检测一下吧!
I. Fill in the blanks:
1.She caught the student___________(cheat) in exams.
2.When I got there, I found him______________(repair) farm tools.
3.When I got there, I found the farm tools_________________. (repair)
4.Just then he heard someone___________________(call) for help.
5.He worked so hard that he got his pay___________________. (raise)
6.The missing boys were last seen____________(play) near the river.
7.___________(compare) with the old one, the new building looks more beautiful.
8.The workers had the machines ___________(run) all night long to finish the work on time.
9.People in the south have their houses _______________(make of ) bamboo.
10.____________(lose) in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.
II. Multiple choices:
1. All things ____, the planned trip will have to be called off.
A. considered B. be considered
C. considering D. having considered
2. This crop has similar qualities to the previous one, ____both wind-resistant and adapted to the same type of soil.
A. being B. been C. to be D. having been
3. ____in this way, the situation doesn't seem so disappointing.
A. To look B. Looking at C. Looked at D. To be looked at
4. You will see this product ____ wherever you go.
A. to be advertised B. advertised C. advertise D. advertising
5. ____in a recent science competition, the three students were awarded scholarship totaling 21,000 dollars.
A. To be judged the best B. having judged the best
C. Judged the best D. Judging the best
6. From the date____ on the plates, we decided that they were made in Song Dynasty.
A. marking B. having been marked C. marked D. to be marked
7. She stood by the window, _____________.
A. thinking B. think C. thought D. thinks
8. Anna was reading a piece of science fiction, completely ____ to the outside world.
A. being lost B. losing C. having lost D. lost
9. ____ to meet anybody, he went in from the back door.
A. Not wishing B. Wishing C. Not wished D. No wishing
10. _________ with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain does not seem high at all.
A. When compared B. While comparing C. Compare D. Comparing
11. _________ three times in a row, the boxer decide to give up fighting.
A. having defeated B. To have defeated
C. having been defeated D. To have been defeated
12. ____ in Beijing for quite a few years, Mr. Park had little difficulty understanding Chinese.
A. having lived B. Lived C. Living D. To live
13. ____ mainly for the invention of the telephone, Alexander Graham Bell devoted his life to helping the deaf.
A. He is remembered B. While being remembered
C. To be remembered D. Though remembered
14. ____ on a clear day, far from the city crowds, the mountains give him a sense of infinite peace.
A. If walking B. While walking
C. Walking D. When one is walking
15. Any packet ____ properly will not be accepted by the post office.
A. not to be wrapped B. not being wrapped
C. not wrapped D. not having been wrapped
16. It ____ now pretty late, we took our things and retired to our room.
A. is B. being C. turned D. got
17. All the exam papers ____, the teacher sent the class home.
A. having been handed in B. having handed in
C. handing in D. being handed in
18. There _________ no fresh drinking water and no good farm land, it was not a comfortable place in which to live.
A. be B. was C. were D. being
19. The old man came upstairs with great strength, his right hand ____ a stick for support.
A. held B. holding C. being holding D. was holding
20. Peter is a good student, ____ his best subject.
A. as English B. English as
C. being English D. English being
Key
I. cheating; repairing; repaired; calling; raised;
playing; compared; running; made; lost
II. AACBC CADAA CADDC BADBD
Key
I. cheating; repairing; repaired; calling; raised;
playing; compared; running; made; lost
II. AACBC CADAA CADDC BADBD
Key
I. cheating; repairing; repaired; calling; raised;
playing; compared; running; made; lost
II. AACBC CADAA CADDC BADBD
Key
I. cheating; repairing; repaired; calling; raised;
playing; compared; running; made; lost
II. AACBC CADAA CADDC BADBD
Key
I. cheating; repairing; repaired; calling; raised;
playing; compared; running; made; lost
II. AACBC CADAA CADDC BADBD
Key
I. cheating; repairing; repaired; calling; raised;
playing; compared; running; made; lost
II. AACBC CADAA CADDC BADBD
1. have (a/much…) talent for (doing) sth≈have a gift for/of (doing) sth →be gifted/talented in…
2. architect n.建筑学家；architecture n.①/u/建筑学/风格 ②/u&c/建筑(物)；architectural adj. →archaeology n./u/考古学；archaeological adj.；archaeologist n.考古学家
3. sculpture n.≈statue雕像/雕塑；sculptor n. →portrait n.肖像/画像；drawing素描；oil painting油画；watercolor水彩画；mural壁画；still life (picture) 静物写生；print印画
4. photo(graph)图画/照片；photography摄影(术)；photographer摄影家 →take (a) photo(s) of…
5. cube n.①方物/c/：sugar cube方糖 ②立方：square平方/广场；cubism立体主义；cubist ①n.立体主义者 ②adj.立体派的；cubic/cubical adj.
6. geometric adj.几何(学)的：geometric shape；geometry n./u/几何学；masterpiece n./c/杰作
7. calculate vt/vi.计算；calculation n.；(electrical) calculator (电子)计算器
8. astronomy n./u/天文学；astronomer天文学家；astronaut=spaceman宇航员
9. range ①n.幅度/范围/区域；山脉；射程：a (wide) range of… ②vi.变化≈vary/change：range /vary from…to…；range/vary between…and… ③做非谓语时常用Ving形式ranging
10. lotus (flower/plant) 莲/荷 →well井；spring泉；pond池塘；stream溪；river江河；sea海；ocean洋 →float vt/vi.(使…)漂浮：float (A) on (the surface of) B；floating adj.漂浮的
11. peace n.和平：world peace；peace talk和平谈判→peaceful ①和平的：a peaceful world ②安/宁静的：a peaceful life ③热爱和平的=peace-loving →peacefully adv.=in peace
12. weep vi. /wept/wept/ 流泪/哭泣(≈cry)：weep for./at/with…→a weeping(adj.) child
13. thunder n./u/雷；lightning n./u/闪电→in the/a storm/snowstorm/sandstorm/thunderstorm n./c/
14. impress vt.①给…深刻印象；打动(≈strike)：impress sb with sth；be impressed by/with… ②刻/印/盖：impress A on/upon B ③使…深感/铭记：impress sth on/upon sb=impress sb with sth→impression n.：leave/make/have a(n) … impression on/upon sb→impressive adj.令人印象深刻的→Impressionism n./u/ 印象派/主义
15. abstract adj.抽象的：abstract theory/concept→concrete adj.具体的；sunflower/rainbow n./c/
16. artwork n./u&c/=work of art艺术/美术作品；starry night/sky；devote one’s whole self to (doing) sth→selfish adj.自私的→myself/yourself/himself/herself/itself；ourselves/yourselves/themselves
17. distribute vt.①分配/散发/配给(≈give/pass/hand…out)：distribute sth to/among sb ②使分布/散布/散发(≈spread)：distribute sth over sw ③发行→distrbution/distributor n.
18. buyer≈customer/consumer/client；subjective judg(e)ment/opinion→objective客观的→subject n.主语/科目/课题/主题；object n.宾语/物体/目标
19. negotiate ①vt.谈判/磋商：negotiate with sb about/over sth ②(通过谈判等)达成/谈成/解决：negotiate/come to/arrive at/reach an agreement with sb；negotiate a successful sale→negotiation/negotiator n.
20. adore vt.①喜爱≈love：adore sb/sth/doing sth ②崇拜(worship)/爱慕(admire) →adoration/adorer n. →adoring adj.
21. appetite n.①食欲/胃口：have a good/poor appetite；lose one’s appetite；lack/loss of appetite ②爱好/欲望：have a strong/great/… appetite for…
22. explore vt/vi.探索/探究/探测：explore+(介+)宾→explorer/exploration n.
23. art n./u&c/①艺术/美术 ②技艺/窍门：the art of doing sth ③Arts文科(Science理科) →artist；artistic(adj.) masterpiece
24. help v.：help (to) do sth；help sb (to) do sth；help sb with sth；can’t/couldn’t help doing sth=can’t/couldn’t help but do sth；It can’t be helped；help sb out；can’t/couldn’t help sb/one’s doing sth奈何不了某人做某事→assist sb to do sth；assist sb with sth；assist sb in doing sth→aid sb to do sth；aid sb with/in (doing) sth →come to one’s assistance/aid/help=come to help/assist/aid sb；first aid；with one’s assistance/aid/help=with the assistance/aid/help of sb→shop assistant店员；assistant manager助理经理
25. framework n./c/架构/构造/框架≈structure；scratch n/vt/vi.抓/刮/恼/擦→start from scratch vi.
26. abandon vt.①丢弃/遗弃(妻/子/家/国/工作等) ②摒弃/放弃(梦想/理想/看法等抽象类名词)≈give up/drop/quit→abandon oneself to…=addict oneself to…=be addicted to…=be drunk with纵情于…/沉溺于…→abandoned adj.被弃/遭弃的；放纵的/堕落的
27. ankle/castle/dormitory/canal/highway/fisherman/sailor(=seaman) n./c/；on the shore/beach/coast
28. reserve ①vt.保留：reserve sth (for sth用于…) ②vt.预约=book ③n./c/贮藏(物)：keep/have sth in reserve/store ④n./c/保护区/候补人：in reserve预备的/储备的；with reserve有条件地/有顾虑地；without reserve无条件地/无保留地；不客气地/坦率地 →reserved adj.预约的/预备的/保留的 →reservation n.①/u&c/条件/限制/保留：with/without (a) reservation有条件/无条件地 ②/c/预约/预约物：make a reservation →make an appointment with sb约定
29. east/west/south/north/southeast/southwest/northeast/northwest ①n.：in/on/to the ～ of sw ②adj=～ern：in/on/to the ～ern part of sw ③adv.：(前无介词) ～ of sw= in/on/to the ～ of sw
30. fee n./c/费用/报酬：a doctor’s/lawyer’s fee；an admission fee入场费；a club/membership fee (俱乐部)入会费；a fee for consultation咨询费/诊疗费；charge a fee索取费用
31. bargain ①n./c/廉价品：at a (good) bargain=on sale=at a discount廉价地 ②n./c/买卖/合同/交易(=deal)：make/strike a bargain with sb；③vi.谈判/协议/讲价(=negotiate)：bargain with sb about/over sth ④vt.约定/成交：bargain that-clause
32. admit (-ted/-ting) vt.①承认/供认：admit sth；admit doing sth=admit having done sth；admit sb/sth (to be) +n./adj.；admit to (doing) sth对…供认不讳 ②vt.准许…入场/入会/入学等：admit sb to/into…；be admitted to/into… ③vt.容纳(=hold/contain) ④vt.容许/荣有…的余地=allow/permit：admit/allow/permit (of)…→admission(n.) fee入场/入学/入会费
33. graduate ①n./c/毕业生；postgraduate研究生 ②(瞬间性)vi.：graduate from…(学校)/in…(专业) →graduation n./u/
34. gallery/studio/cave n./c/；scholarship n.①/c/奖学金：win a scholarship ②/u/学问/学识：a man of sholarship →scholar n./c/ 学者/获奖学金的学生
35. experiment ①n./c&u/：make/do/perform/conduct/carry out + an experiment on/in… ②vi.：experiment on/upon/with…用/以…做实验→experimental adj.→test (A) on B 在B上试用A
36. cloth n.①/u/布料 ②/c/抹布等→clothing n./u/衣服(总称) →clothes n./c/本身即为复数
37. height n.①高地/高处：on the heights ②高度/海拔：fly at a height of 30,000 feet ③身高：in height在身高上What’s your height? He is five feet in height.=His height is five feet. →high/heighten(v.)→weight/weigh：lose weight；gain weight=put on weight
38. make A out of B=make A from B→be made out of…；be made of/from…；be made up of…组成
39. slice n./c/薄片/切片：a slice/strip of…；slices/strips of…片/带；bake vt.烤/烘/焙→baker n.面包师→at the baker’s在面包店；at the barber’s在理发店
40. yummy=delicious；apron围裙；chef=cook n.厨师/v.烹调→cooker n.炊具/cooking n.；a piece of cheese (n./u&c/)；hairstyle n./c/→have/get a haircut；seaweed n./c/海带/海藻→weed n/c/杂草
41. strawberry/peach/mushroom n./c/；ham/eggplant n./u&c/；ingredient n./c/①成分=component ②(烹饪)原料；grocer n./c/杂货商/店主→grocery n./c/杂货店→at a grocer’s (shop)=at a grocery (shop)；microwave oven微波炉；string n.①/u&c/绳子=rope/line ②/c/弦/丝带
42. glue ①n./u/胶/胶水 ②vt.粘贴≈stick：glue A to B；pattern n./c/①模型=model：a motorcycle of the latest pattern；the behavior pattern of bees ②模范/榜样=example：a pattern wife ③花纹/图案：a striped pattern条纹图案 →sentence patterns句型；geometrical pattern几何图案
43. crayon/shell/seashell/pillow/cardboard n./c/；aluminium/gold foil n./u/
44. stick ①n./c/棍/棒/杖/杆：walking stick拐杖；relay stick接力棒；a stick of…一根… v.(stuck/stuck)②vt/vi.刺/扎/戳：stick A into/in/through B=stick B with A；stick （…）in刺入 ③vt/vi.插入/塞进/伸出：stick…out of… ④vt/vi.粘/贴/使固定/萦绕在：stick A onto B；stick in one’s mind；stick (…) together ⑤vt/vi.陷入/卡住/被困住：stick/be stuck +副词/介宾 →be stuck on…被难住/被迷住；stick on粘在…之上/粘住；stick out伸出；stick to/with… 紧靠/不离…；固执/坚持；忠于/不舍弃
45. disgust ①n./u/厌恶：in disgust厌恶地 ②vt.使…厌恶：disgust sb at/with …→disgusted/disgusting→be disgusted at/with sb/sth
46. print ①vt.印刷/印制 ②n./c/印画→in print已印好/已出版/在销售；out of print已绝版→printer n.印刷工人/业者/印刷机→printing n./u/印刷(业)
47. dip (-ped/-ping) vt/vi.①泡/浸/蘸：dip (A) into/in B ②vt/vi.(手)伸入：dip (one’s hand) into… vt.浸染/浸洗 →dip into…①略查/浏览=scan / look through ②涉猎(学问等) ③挪用(基金/存款)
48. paint ①n./u/油漆/涂料 ②/u&c/绘画颜料：oil paint(s) ③/u/胭脂/口红/化妆品 ④vt/vi.涂色/油漆；(用颜料)绘画(用铅笔/钢笔/蜡笔画时用draw)；涂抹/化妆；描写→paint sb black抹黑某人 →paintbrush画笔/刷→painter n./c/画家/漆匠→painting n.①/c/画 ②/u/绘画/画法
49. repeat vt/vi/n.重说/重做/重复①repeat oneself重述/重演：I don’t want to repeat myself. History seems to repeat itself. 历史重演 ②repeat一般不与again或once more等连用→repeated adj.
50. overlap (-ping/-ped)vt/vi/n.(部分地)重复/重叠；have a go/try (at doing sth)=try doing sth尝试
51. cut…out ①切下/剪下：cut A out from B ②删除≈leave/cross out ③停止
牛津M8 unit 4 Reading 学案及详细答案
1.Joining us in the studio are----。倒装句
当句子主语太长时，为保持句子平衡，使用倒装将主语放在句子的后半部分。
Nearby was the house in which they had lived for more than 20 years.
附近就是他们住了20多年的那幢房子。
On the stage are the girls competing in the beauty contest.
台上是正在参加选美比赛的女孩们。
Gone are the days when people waited in a queue to make a long-distance call.
人们排队等着打长途电话的日子一去不复返了。
2.view-----as-----把―――看作，把―――视为
We view the holiday as a time for recreation,but she has a different idea.
我们都认为假期是休闲放松的时间，但她有不同的见解。
3. finance Vt 给―――提供资助，负担―――的经费
n. 财政，金融
financial adj. 财政的，金融的
Our filrm`s finances are not sound. 我们公司的财政状况不是很好。
It`s necessary for the government to finance the students who have no
money to go to school.政府有必要向没钱上学的学生提供资助
1) To our surprise the Minister of _________ is not an expert in _______.
A.Finance;financial B.finance;finance
C.Finance;finance D.Financier;finance
2) I have some _______ troubles.
A.financial B.finance C.financed D.financing
4.amateur adj. 业余的，非职业的
n. 业余从事者，爱好者
be an amateur of是―――的爱好者
an amateur astronomer 业余天文学家
1).Generally speaking,both amateur actors and actress are amateur _____ film.
A.of B.at C.in D.for
5.defence n. 保卫，辩护，防卫
in defence of sb＝＝in sb`s defence为―――辩护，保卫
I must say in her defense that she works very hard.
我必须为她说句话，她工作十分努力。
1).He wrote a letter to the manager _____ her.
A.in defence for B.for the defence of
C.in defence of D.as a defence for
6.distinguish Vt/Vi 区别，区分，使与众不同
区分―――和―――常与between---and连用
辨别―――与―――常与from连用（多指同类事物中的辨别）
1).You should be able to distinguish between right and wrong.
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2).有色盲的人常分不清红绿。
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7.boycott Vt抵制，排斥 n.联合抵制，联合拒绝购买
They launched a boycott on imports.他们发起了联合抵制进口货的行动。
1).It`s impossible for the students in our school to boycott class.
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2).我们不应该抵制这样的会议。
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8.hatch Vt 策划，筹划。孵，孵出
How many chickens have hatched out?
They have hatched a plan to celebrate their mother`s 70th birthday.
他们已策划出一项庆祝母亲70大寿的计划。
1).Don`t count your chickens before they are hatched.
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2).我们举办电影节的想法早在1928年就已策划。
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9.resemble Vt 相似，类似。常接介词in表示在某方面相似
不用进行时态且无被动语态
n. resemblance 相似
The plant resembles grass in appearance。这种植物的外形像草
So many hotels resemble each other.
1)。他酷似他父亲。
2).you have a strong resemblance ____ your father,but you resemble
your mother neither ____ character nor ____ appearance.
A.to in in B.in to to C.in in in D.between in in
10.favour Vt 偏爱，偏袒 n. 恩惠，好意，帮助
Adj. favourable 赞成的
n. favourite
A mother mustn`t favour one of her children more than the others.
母亲不应该特别偏爱某一个孩子
In favour of 支持，赞成
Do sb a favour＝＝do a favour for sb帮助某人
Be in favour with sb 得到―――厚爱
Lose favour with sb 失宠于某人
11. in the minority 占少数 In the majority占多数
1).While the army takes both men and women，women are in the minority.
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12.a spokesman for--- ―――的发言人
13. reward Vt/n 奖，奖励，回报，报酬
reward sb with sth for sth
in reward for 作为―――的报酬
He was rewarded with a prize for his excellent work.
他因工作突出而获奖
1).His labours were rewarded ____ good fruit.
A.for B.by C.with D.to
2).He gave me a medal ___ for my service.
A.in reward B.to reward C.on reward D.with reward
14.restriction n. 限制，约束 restrict V
restriction on――― restrict to doing sth
1). He restricts himself _____ 2 cigars a day.
A.to smoke B.smoke C.to smoking D.smoking
2). There`s no restriction _____ foreign films in America.
A.on B.against C.of D.Both A and B
15.rarely adv.很少，罕见地
rare adj 稀有的，罕见的，稀疏的 （否定词）
1).Rarely ____ I dream these days.
A.do B./ C.did D.does
2).She rarely stays up late,______?
16.admission n. 准许进入，准许加入，承认
admit admitting admitted
承认，供认 admit doing/ sb to do
接纳，招收
让―――进入，允许―――进入
1).Admission is limited to the invited guests.
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2).他获准加入俱乐部。
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语法：强调
强调结构是用特定的方法使句子中的某个部分突出出来，以达到强化这个部分的目的。在英语中，强调的方法有很多，包括运用语言、语调、单词、短语以及语法等手段。常见的强调形式：
1． 增加单词来强调
此类单词有：so,such,just,right,very,pretty,single,really,indeed以及反身代词等。如：
I have never seen such a lazy person in my whole life.（这么）
So angry was he that he couldn’t speak.
Fortunately,he was just in time for the first train in the morning.（刚好）
It’s unbelievable that the woman herself could lift so heavy a box.（自己一个人）
This is the very English dictionary that I have been looking for.（就是，正是）
The manager was right in the office when I arrived at the company by metro (地铁)。（正好）
2． 增加短语来强调
常用的短语有：on earth,in the world,by no means(位于句首需用倒装）,not…at all等。如：
“What on earth are you doing now?” asked the policeman.（究竟，到底）
Though we are good friends,I don’t agree with you at all this time.（根本不）
I have to point out that this job can by no means be accomplished overnight.（决不）
3． 用助动词do,does,did来强调
可以用来强调肯定陈述句或祈使句的动词。如：
Do come early tomorrow morning,or you will be fined.（务必，一定）
The new exchange student does hope to go to the evening party with us.（确实）
My mother did sing well in the past because she used to be a teacher.（的确，确实）
4. 将“地点”提前加以强调
On the table were some flowers. 桌上摆了一些花。
5．用强调句来强调
强调句的基本结构是It + be +被强调部分+that (who/whom)+原句剩余部分。被强调部分可以是简单句中除谓语以外的其它成分，也可以是主从复合句中的从句。如：
It was our we that/who saved my little younger sister.（强调主语）
It was him that/whom they saw stealing yesterday in the supermarket.（强调宾语）
It is by sending e-mail that they keep in touch with each other.（强调状语）
It was only when I reread this poem recently that I began to appreciate its beauty.（强调从句）
注意：
（1） 强调句形中的it没有实际意义，由于it处在主语位置，即使被强调的主语是复数，动词只用单数。强调主语时用主格。如：
It was Tom and Mike that /who helped us out.
It is we who/that have passed the driving test.
（2） 强调句的一般疑问句就是直接把动词置于句首；特殊疑问句就是把被强调的特殊疑问词置于句首。如：
Is it next week that we will hold another football match ?
Who was it that taught you English ten years ago ?
How was it that you managed to deal with such difficult problems ?
（3） 强调not …until…结构时，not要放在until之前。即：It is/was not until…that….如：It was not until all fish died that people realized how serious pollution was.
It was not until midnight that they came back.
not…until…还可以这样强调：
Not until all fish died did people realize how serious pollution was.
Not until midnight did they come back.
（4） 在强调时间、地点、原因或方式状语时，一律用that，而不用when,where,why或how等；特别要注意不能同定语从句等相混淆。如：
Was it during World War II that he lost his devoted son. ?
It was for this reason that the naughty boy got severely punished.
区别强调句型和定语从句的方法是：若将和去掉而句中不缺成分，结构完整，说明原句是强调句；若结构不完整，则说明原句为定语从句。试比较:
It was on October 5, that the new city was founded.(强调句）
那个新城市确实是于10月5日成立的。
It was October 5,1999 when their first son was born.(定语从句)
他们第一个儿子的出生时间是1910月5日。
（5） 强调句与其它的交融使用
It was the village where I was brought up that I visited yesterday.
昨天我们参观的是我在那长大的村子。（与定语从句结合）
I can’t remember how many years ago it was that I entered the factory.
我记不清到底是多少年前进厂的了。（与宾语从句的结合）
When I asked him when it was that he took my dictionary,he made no answer.
我问他究竟何时拿了我的字典，他没吱声。（与状语从句的结合）
【考考你】
一、单项填空
1.It was only when I recovered from being ill _____I began to realize how important health is to a person.
A.until B.that C.then D.so
2.It was ____ 1920 _____regular radio broadcast began.
A.until;that B.not until;when C.until;when D.not until;that
3.Was _____that I saw at the concert last night ?
A.it you B.not you C.you D.yourself
4.It was evening ____ we reached the little town of Winchester.
A.that B.until C.since D.before
5.It was with great joy _____ he received the news _____his lost daughter had been found.
A.because;that B.that ;why C.which;which D.that;that
6.My teacher asked me _____ Daniel got injured in the leg.
A.how was it that B.how it was that
C.how it was which D.how was it which
7.It was not until she had arrived home _____ her appointment with the doctor.
A.did she remember B.that she remembered
C.when she remembered D.had she remembered
8.It was on the farm _____ my father used to work _____ I was born.
A.that;that B.where;where C.where;that D.that;where
9._____ that she was still weak in English ?
A.Why it was B.Why was it C.It was why D.Was it why
10._____ that electricity plays such an important part in our daily life?
A.What is it B.What does it C.Why does it D.Why is it
11._____she is not so healthy _____she used to be ?
A.Why it is that;as C.Is it why that;that
C.Why is it that;as D.Why is it that;that
12.---Mary !______and visit us some day.
--All right .
A.Do come B.Do comes C.Does come D.Did come
13.It was _____computer games that the boy took a lot of time that he ought to have spent on his lessons.
A.to have played B.playing C.played D.having played
14.---Is it my age _______the boss minds.
--I’m afraid not.He will consider _____necessary to have an experienced assistant.
A.which;it B.that;it C.which;that D.that;that
15.Such a naughty boy _____ that nobody likes him.
A.he is B.he was C.is he D.was he
二、单句改错(每个句子有一处错误，找出并改正)
1． It was in this small village where she was born.
2． It were Madame Curie and her husband who discovered radium.
3． It was September 9,1990 that the little girl was born.
4． It was for this reason why Edward quitted his job in the famous company.
5． He do work very tired after finishing the complex task by himself.
6． By no means I will give up learning English.
7． You did helped me in time of difficulty.
8． Do more careful next time if you want to get a better mark in the exam.
9． It is Mr Green who often help others when they are in trouble.
10. It is him that is to blame for the mistake.
三、完成句子
1. It is _________________(很有趣的一部电影)that I want to see it again.
2. It ____________________(直到他告诉我)that I knew the truth.
3. He________________(确实出席) the meeting the day before yesterday.
4. __________________(到底多少次)that you go to see your parents every month?
5. __________________(是在二战期间)that he died.
6. It was ___________________(就是昨晚九点)he went to the park.
7. It was twelve o’clock at midnight _____________________________(他们到达
一个小村庄).
8. It was ___________________（他最好的衣服)that John wore to the dance last night.
9. He _____________________（真的很喜欢)the new bicycle his father gave him
as a present.
10. _________________________________________(正是从20世纪90年代初)scientists started to develop new techniques to increase agriculture production
without harming the environment.
四、改写句子（强调每句中划线部分）
1. Bill made a kite at school yesterday.
______________________________________.
2. He did’t go to work because his mother was ill.
_____________________________________________.
3. Did the Second World War break out in 1939 ?
_____________________________________________.
4. I painted the door white.
____________________________.
5. I didn’t recognize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses.
_____________________________________________________________________.
6. I remembered your birthday yesterday,though I wasn’t able to buy a present for you.
_____________________________________________________________________.
7. Mr Wang likes reading newspapers while having breakfast.
_________________________________________________________.
8. How did the accident happen ?
__________________________________.
9. What do you want me to say ?
__________________________________.
10. Where did he buy that bike ?
__________________________________.
11. In the Bronze Age people could make tools of copper and bronze.
__________________________________________________________.
12. Thousands of people were killed in an earthquake in this city.
__________________________________________________________.
13. we didn’t finish the homework until evening came near.
__________________________________________________________.
14. Mr Tang teaches us maths very well.
__________________________________________________________.
15. A boy lay on the ground,looking at the stars in the sky.（提至句首）
__________________________________________________________.
Grammar～Project
1. have an appointment to do sth.有做……的约定
I have an appointment to see the doctor.
have/make an appointment with sb.与某人有约
by appointment依约,经预先约定的
appoint vt.决定;任命
appoint sb.to do sth.指定某人做某事
appoint sb. (to be/as)任命某人为……
appointed adj. 指定的
练练吧!
①The teacher me to call the police.
A. appointed B.approach C.appreciated D.approved
②We appointed him .
A. as chairman B.to be chairman C.chairman D.all the above
③the doctor sees patients only .
A. on appointment B.by appointment C.in appointment
D.at appointment
2.in time 及时,终有一天,迟早
I wish you would come in time.
on time 准时
The train arrived on time.
练练吧!
If you work hard and are brave enough to face challenges,you will succeed .
A. on time B.in time C.at the same time D.at one time
3.make an agreement达成共识,签订协议
We have made an agreement on fishery with America.
We made an agreement to help the poor.
under the/an agreement 根据协议
break an agreement 打破协议
reach/come to/arrive at an agreement 达成协议
be in agreement with 同意某人所说的
be in agreement on/upon/about sth.对某事意见一致
练练吧!
At last we an agreement we should start at once.
A. made,that B.come to,that C reach,which D.arrived at,on which
4.satisfaction [u.] 满意,满足,(愿望、需求等)实现
[c.] 令人满意的事
She got great satisfaction from helping people.
What we should do is to meet the satisfaction of public demand.
It is a great satisfaction to know she is well again.
satisfy vt.令人满意
satisfied adj.满意的
satisfying adj. 令人满意的
satisfactory adj.令人满意的
to one’s satisfaction=to the satisfaction of sb.使某人满意的是……
be satisfied with …对……满意
be satisfied of… 确信……
小试牛刀:
①I’m not with your work.You must improve it.
A. satisfactory B.satisfying C.satisfied D.a satisfaction
② Your success gave me .
A.a great satisfaction B.satisfy C.satisfactory D.great satisfaction
5.sensitive 敏感的
The eyes are sensitive to light.
be sensitive to 对…敏感
翻译句子:
他对冷非常敏感.
6.suspect
① vt.猜疑,怀疑|s`spekt|
I suspect that he gave us the false information.
suspect sb. of (doing) sth.怀疑某人做过某事
suspect sb. to be…怀疑某人是……
suspect that…怀疑/猜……
②n.嫌疑犯 |`sΛspekt|
Two suspects were arrested today in connection with the roberry.
③adj.可疑的 |`sΛspekt|
His statements are suspect.
翻译句子:
汤姆怀疑玛丽拿了他的钱.
我怀疑他是个小偷.
7.contrary to prep.和……相反
He is very nice,contrary to what people say about him.
on the contrary 正相反
牛刀小试:
-I am sure you like your new job.
- ,it’s dull.
A.On the contrary B.Sure C.Indeed D.Sorry
8.possess vt.拥有,持有
He possesses three cars.
possessor n.所有人
possession n.拥有
be in possession of…(某人)拥有……
be in the possession of… (某物)为(某人)所有
选择:
The books are in my possession.This sentence has the same meaning as .
A.I am in possession of the books.
B.I am in the possession of the books.
C.The books are in the possession of me.
D.Both A and C.
9.tendency n.倾向,趋向
a tendency to alcoholism 酗酒的倾向
tendency to 趋向……
tendency to do sth.做……的趋向
tend vi倾向于
tend to do sth.倾向于做某事
选择:
The sort of music he listens to ,but tends pop music.
A. vary,to B.varies,to C.various,toward D.various,to
10.give thought to 考虑,思考
I have given enough thought to the matter.
be lost in thought 陷入沉思
without thought 不假思索
have thought of…有……的打算
thought for…对……的体谅/关怀
thoughtful adj.细心的,体贴的
①I’ll give to your suggestion that we a party in honor of the experienced professor.
A. much thought,hold B.many thoughts,should hold
C.much thought,will hold D.some thought,can
② in thought,he didn’t notice the teacher come in,standing by him.
A. Losing B.Lose C.Loses D.Lost
③I have no thought annoying you.
A. for B.on C.of D.in
11.boredom n.厌倦,乏味,无聊
They yawned with boredom during the long speech.
bore vt.使……厌烦
bored adj.厌烦的
boring adj.令人厌烦的
be bored with…对……厌烦
bore sb.with sth./by doing sth.以……令人厌烦
练一练:
①He always bores her the same story.
A. with B.by telling C.at D.both A and B
②We are with the film.
A. bored,bored B.boring,boring C.bored,boring D.boring,bored
单词拼写:
1. Some people still believe in _________ (魔法).
2. He is a ________ (代表) of a country.
3. What is your v___________ on school punishment.
4. People who work in banks know about _________ (金融).
5. Traffic in the city was ________ (阻断) by a snowstorm.
6. It is the p_________ of the government to improve education.
7. Can you ________ ( 区分) the different musical instruments playing now?
8. They are _________ (联合抵制) the shop.
9. Those who can ________ (预见) difficulties on their way to success may keep calm when they really appear.
10. When will the eggs h______ ?
11. There must be _______ (公平的) play whatever the competition is .
12. Your actions _________ (同…矛盾)your principles.
13. He looked ________ (向后) to see who was following him.
14. The workers got a Christmas ________ (额外津贴).
15. The music film is Mrs Wilson’s _______ (作品) in the competition..
16. He _________ (很少)comes here anymore.
17. Why did you leave these ________ (衣服) on the floor.
18. The earth’s _________ (影子)sometimes falls on the moon.
19. ___________准许进入) by ticket only.
20. How can I _________ (报答) your kindness.
21. I like Shakespeare’s _____________ (喜剧)
22. I find all the c________ in his new play very real.
23. We go for a walks in the fields o_______.
24. The old man told of an e________ story.
25. We’ve got three cats --------two f_______ and a male.
26. Stop living in a f________ world
27. He’s very s______ about his weight
28. C______ to popular belief,many cats dislike milk.
29. A police car polluted up a_____ us.
30. Your name had been d_____ from this list.
短语
1. 看待… 16. 达成共识
2. 业余导演 17. 考虑，思考
3. 为…辩护 18. 正相反
4. 不管，不顾 19. 怀疑某人做…
5. 区分…和… 20. 担任，管理
6. 只要，如果 21. 使某人满意的是
7. 达到我们的标准 22. 弘扬高质量的电影
8. 接管 23. 与其说…倒不如说
9. 幻想，梦想 24. 国际电影节
10. 对…敏感 25. 每周一次的节目
11. 和…相反 26. 参加做…事情
12. 让你觉得眩晕 27. 听说，听到
13. 获胜 28. 退步
14. 占少数 29. 享有好的声誉
15. 入场券 30. …的亮点
完成句子
1． 别人反对他的意见时，他很容易生气。
He ___ ___ get angry easily when people ___ his ideas.
2.我小时候做梦都不敢想拥有这么大的房子。
I had never ___ ____ ____ such a large house when I was a child.
3.只要你答应好好爱护它，我会把书借给你的。
I will ___ my book ___ you ___ ___ ____ you promise to take good care of it.
4.他们达成了一个协议，决定不将秘密透漏给其他人。
They ____ _____ ____ that no one should tell the secret to others.
5.那对双胞胎兄弟看上去太像了，我实在无法把他们分辨开来。
The twin brothers look so similar that I really can’t ____ ____ them.
6. 我们学校的学生罢课是不可能。
It is ____ for the students in our school ___ ____.
7.我们举办电影节的想法早在1978就已筹划。
The idea for our film festival was ___ ____ in 1978.
8.他获准加入俱乐部。
He _____ _____ to the club.
9.她不顾她的反对而出去了。
She went out ____ ___ her _____.
10.我是代表其他成员提出要求的。
My demand is ____ _____ that of the other members.
Answers：
reading
3. CA 4.A 5C 6.你应该会区分好坏
People who are color-blind often can`t distinguish red from green.
7.我们学校的学生罢课是不可能的。
We shouldn`t boycott such a meeting.
8.鸡未孵出之前，先别数有几只小鸡（无过早乐观）
The idea for our film festival was hatched back in 1978.
9.He strongly resembles his father. A
11.虽然部队男女兵都招收，但女兵只占少数
13,C A 14.C D !5.C does she
16.入场仅限于应邀来宾
He gained admission to the club.
强调：
一、单项填空
1-----5BDADD 6-----10BBCBD 11----15CABBC
二、单句改错
1．where---that 2.were---was 3.that---when /was后加on 4。why---that
5. do---did 6.I will----will I 7.helped---help 8.Do后加be
9． help---helps 10.him---he
三、完成句子
1.such an interestingfilm 2.was not until he told me
3.did attend 4.How many times is it
5.Was it during the Second World War 6.at nine o’clock yesterday that
7.when they arrived at a small village 8.his best suit
9.does like
10. It was from the early 1990s that
四、改写句子
1.It was Bill who/that made a kite at school yesterday.
2.It was because his mother was ill that he didn’t go to work.
3.Was it in 1939 that the Second World War broke out ?
4.It was white that I painted the door.
5.It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I recognized she was a famous film star.
6.I did remember your birthday yesterday,though I wasn’t able to buy a present for you.
7.Mr Wang does like reading newspapers while having breakfast.
8.How was it that the accident happened ?
9.What is it that you want me to say ?
10.Where was it that he bought that bike ?
11.It was in the Bronze Age that people could make tools of copper and bronze.
12.It was in the city that thousands of people were killed in an earthquake.
13.It was not until the evening came near that we finished the housework.
Not until the evening came near did we finished the homework.
14.Mr Tang does teach us maths very well.
15.On the ground lay a boy,looking at the stars in the sky .
1. Grammar--- project A,D,B 2.B 3.A 4.C,D 5.He is very sensitive to the cold.
6.①Tom suspected Mary of taking his money./Tom suspected that Mary had taken his money. ②I suspect that he is a thief./I suspect him to be a thief. 7.A 8.D 9.B 10.A,D,C 11.D,C
单词：
1. magic 2. representative 3. view 4.finance 5.interrupted 6. policy 7.distinguish
8. boycotting 9. foresee 10. hatch 11.fair 12.contradict 13. backwards 14. bonus
15.entry 16. rarely 17. garments 18. shadow 19. Admission 20. reward 21.comedy
22. characters 23.occasionally 24.entertaining 25. females26. fantasy 27.sensitive 28.Contrary
29.alongside 30.deleted
短语及句子
1．View as 2.amateur director 3.in defence of 4. regardless of
5.distinguish between… and… 6.as long as 7.meet our standards
8.take over 9.dream of 10.be sensitive to 11. contrary to
12. make you feel dizzy 13.win a victory 14.in the minority
15.admission ticket 16.make an agreement 17. give though to
18.on the contrary 19.suspect sb. of sth.
20.in charge of 21.to one’s satisfaction 22.salute the high-quality films
23.more…than… 24.international film events 25.weekly programme
26.join…in doing 27.hear about 28.take a step backwards
29.have a good reputation 30.the highlight of
完成句子
1．tends,to, oppose 2.dreamt of possessing 3.lend,to,as,long,as
4.made,an,agreement 5.distinguish,between 6.impossible,boycott class
7.hatched,back 8.gained admission 9.regardless,of,objection
10.is,representative,of
1. be set in 以…….为背景
2. avoid marriage 逃避婚姻
3. shortly afterwards 不久以后
4. for the first time 第一次…（只做状语，不引导从句）
the first time 可以引导时间状语从句
5. fall in love with 爱上某人
6. express one’s love for sb. 表达对…的爱恋
7. take on 呈现出….演绎,招收，雇佣，接纳，增加（人手）；承担（任务、职责），接受（角色、职位）
8. be drunk with power 沉迷于权力
9. exercise control over 对…实施控制
lose control of/be(get) out of control 失去控制
be in control of sth 在、、、控制下，指挥，管理某事物
under the control of 被、、、控制着
bring/get sth.under control; be under control抑制；控制
exercise patience/tolerance/power over sb.对某人用耐心/忍耐力/权力
exercise one’s right 行使权力
exercise authority over sb管束某人
10. promise to do sth 答应做……
keep one’s promise 信守诺言
make a promise 许下诺言
break one’s promise 违背诺言
11. be desperate to do sth 极度渴望做某事
12. win one’s affection 赢得某人的喜爱
13. leave one’s future in one’s hands 把某人的命运交给某人控制
14. stage the opera 把戏剧搬上舞台
15. leave sb. breathless with excitement 因为兴奋而喘不过气来
16. be condemned to death 被处死
17. have certain key components 有某些关键的部分
18. depend on 依赖
19. make up 构成，组成，弥补，化妆
20. leave out 省去，漏掉
21. put up 张贴
22. apply for 申请…
23. try out for 参加……选拔
24. participate in 参加
25.develop one’s interest in… 培养在…方面的兴趣
26. make friends with 和… …交朋友
27. a number one hit 最流行的人或物
28. play a role in 在… … 起作用/扮演角色
29. be anchored in 扎根于
30. see … as 把… …看作
31. go into a bit of a decline衰败
32. to the music 随着音乐
33. start out doing/to do 开始做…
34. achieve fame 成名
35.make a fortune 发财
36. cut…short 使停止
37. be drafted into 征召入伍
38.appeal to sb. for sth.
appeal to sb. to do sth. 恳求某人做某事
(sth) appeal to sb 某物吸引某人
39. break up 解散，分手
break out （战争，火灾）爆发
break in 闯入，插入
break off 使终止，打断
break into 闯入，打断（带宾语）
break through 出现；突破
break down 分散，拆散；坏了；身体垮下来
40..masses of 许多，大量的
句型
1.I witnessed the first of only eight performances of Giacomo Puccini’s world-famous opera, being performed in the Forbidden City.
2. It starred some of the world’s greatest opera singers.
3. Just imagine performing such an opera in the Forbidden City-there could not be a better setting.
4. The story then takes on a classic love triangle featuring Calaf , Turandot, and Liu , whose love for Calaf is unconditional.
5. Turandot is drunk with power and even dares to try and exercise control over her father.
6. The emperor finds the deaths of so many men disturbing, and although he would like to, he can not break his promise.
7. Calaf says his own name aloud, leaving his future in Turandot’s hands.
8. The production combined the very best of Western and Chinese talents in music , staging and directing.
9. It has been transformed into the location for a beautiful and heartbreaking love story.
10. A group of musicians make up an orchestra.
11. It was a real privilege for me to be cast.
12. I saw a poster that the production company’s Personnel Department had put up saying they were looking for singers.
13. I applied for the job and they sent me an invitation to try out for a part in the chorus.
14. He first helped to compose a song in 1844, at an age when most children are still in kindergarten.
15. The album included the song “The Sound of Silence”, which was a number one hit on the pop charts.
16. My column today takes a brief look at how Western pop music evolved over the last one hundred years from jazz to rock.
17. Its origins are anchored in the folk songs of black Americans from the period of slavery.
18. Louis Armstrong is seen by many as being one of the founding fathers of jazz.
19. Traditional jazz went into a bit of a decline , and was replaced in popularity by a new king of music known as swing.
20. The start of a new musical trend known as rhythm and blues, or R￡B, had arisen as a kind of mixture of jazz and swing.
21. R￡B changed modern music further and led to what we know as rock and roll.
22. A poor white boy named Elvis Presley turned out to the answer to Philip’s prayer.
23. Elvis’ musical life was cut short when he was drafted into the army in 1958.
24. This left the way clear for a new frontier of pop music stars to come forward in the 1960s.
25. They continue to have almost universal appeal today, even though they broke up in 1970.
26. Wherever the Beatles went, masses of fans would welcome them at the airport in a phenomenon that was then called “Beatlemania”, as if it were some kind of mental illness.
27. It was fashionable for fans to wear the same clothing as the Beatles did, and to get haircuts that matched their style as well.
班级 高三（ ） 姓名 等第
Module 9 Unit 3 Project
Learning aims:
1. Help students use what they have learnt to finish a project by working together
2. Read a magazine article about colours and cultures.
Important points & difficult points:
1. How to complete a project.
2. Learn something about colours and cultures.
Procedure:
Step1 : Lead-in
Encourage Ss’ interest by showing them a short film about colours.
1. What is your favorite color? Why do you like it?
2. Why do different people have different ideas about the same color?
3. What are the colors of the five rings on the Olympic flags? What do the colors represent?
Step2: Structure analysis
How is information organized in the article?
Part 1.( 1 ) Color can express different feelings
Part 2.( 2-6 ) Explanation of different colors and what they symbolize in different areas
Part 3.( 7 ) Don’t be arbitrary when choosing an outfit.
Step3: Detailed reading for important information
1. Read the passage again and take note of each color mentioned in the passage. Fill the blanks.
color Meaning
Positive Country/region ___Negayive_________ Country/region
red ___ celebration______ and good luck China __violence______ and warning of danger The USA
happiness China sadness South Africa
_bravery _____ many countries
yellow happiness and joy mourning and the__loss_____ of loved ones Egypt
hope the USA
courage Japan Being not brave, or a coward Western countries, such as the USA and the UK
peace India
green __growth________, health and the environment Ireland envy and jealousy Western countries. Such as the USA and the UK
hope and spring ancient Egypt __inexperience______
black being cool and elegant Western countries evil Western countries
wealth mourning Western countries
white cleanliness, virtue and innocence Western countries mourning China
holiness In Christian countries
Step 4 将短语与中文意思连线
1. under the color 负债
2. a black sheep 盈利
3. feel blue 在….方面无经验
4. be green with envy 忧郁
5. be green at 在…..幌子下
6. in the black 害群之马
7. in the red 善意的谎言
8. white lies 嫉妒
Step 5 Language points
1. 【原句回放】Rose are red, violets are blue, but which of the two really suits you? (P46)
【语言点】辨析 fit & suit & match
fit 指大小、尺寸形状合适，引申为“吻合”，也可指资格、能力适合要求，含有称职或胜任的意思
suit 指口味、性格、时间、气候，也指衣服的颜色、花样、款式适合某人
match 和……相配，指大小、色调、形状、性质等的搭配；与…..匹配;与…相符合
【小试】用suit, fit, match 填空
1. No dish _suits______ all tastes.
2. Try the new key and see if it _fits______.
3 .The curtains don’t match________ the paint.
4. The color of the cloth _suits______ a woman at my wife’s age.
5. What he said didn’t _match___the fact.
【巩固练习】
1. - How about eight o' clock outside the cinema?
-That _______ me fine.
A. fits B. meets C. satisfies D. suits
2. You should _______ your product ________ the market, which is the correct way to earn money.
A. suit; to B. fit; to C. subject; to D. match; to
3. I can’t go that far .Long plane trips don’t_______ me.
A. agree with B. agree to C. fit for D. match with
4. He knows a lot about film .No one in our class can______ him in that knowledge.
A. catch B. suit C. compare D. match
5. Amy joined a painting group but didn’t seem to ________, so she left.
A. show off B. go up C. fit in D. come over.
2.【原句回放】 While it is generally true to say that humans like color, our choices are not necessarily random.
The same color can have a positive meaning in one culture, while in another, a negative meaning.
【语言点】while 1) 当…..的时候 2）___然而，却_________ 3_尽管__________
【复习】 when 1) 当…..的时候 2) ___就在这时__________ 3) _既然_，考虑到
【选择】(B级)
1._______ I really don’t like art, I find his work impressive. （2007山东）
A. Since B. If C. While D. As
2. We were on the point of discussing financial investment ________the telephone rang unexpectedly.
A .while B. when C. as D. once
3. How can they learn anything ________ they spend all their spare time watching TV?
A. while B. unless C. when D. until
4. The girl had hardly rung the bell _______the door was opened suddenly, and her friend rushed out to greet her. (2010福建)
A. when B .as C. since D. until
【语言点】random adj任意的，随便的 a random choice
at random 随意地，任意地 open the book at random
3.【原句回放】 Usually associated with positive meanings, green is most strongly connected to life.
【语言点】1） associate A with B /be associated with 与…有联系，把….联系在一起
人们通常把中国与长城联系在一起。(翻译)
______________________________________________________________________.
2)系表结构作状语时，有时不表被动表主动.
【拓展练习】
1._Facing/Faced with_(face) the difficulties, he never gave up.
2.__Devoted__(devote) to a simple life in the service of others, he won a widespread respect.
3.__Dressed_________ (dress) in white , she looks like an angel.
4.Seated__________ (seat) in the fist line, he enjoyed the wonderful performance happily.
4. 【原句回放】Another negative way green is used is when it refers to someone with little experience.
比较:The way ___(that/in which__)_______ he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand.
The way _that/which__________he explained to us was quite simple.
5. The idiom ‘in the black’ also conveys the positive meaning of having money or that a business is making a profit.
【语言点】 convey vt. 传达,传递,表达 convey sth to sb;
运送,搬运,转运 convey sth/sb from …..to….
I find it hard to convey my feelings in words.
Passengers are conveyed by bus to the airport.
【拓展】communicate …..to…把…..传达给…
6.You might make an unconscious statement about yourself that you not want to make.
【语言点】 unconscious adj 无意识的，下意识的；失去知觉的，神智不清的
conscious adj consciousness n 意识
The injured man was unconscious but still alive.
He is conscious of being watched.
老师越来越意识到网络的重要性
Teachers are interestingly conscious of the importance of Tnternet._________________________________________________________
【拓展】 be aware of be sensitive to
Step6：
一.短语归纳
1. 未必___not necessarily____ 2.表达情感地手段 a medium for expressing feelings
3. 意识到 be conscious of 4..与….有联系 be associated with
5. 损失的象征 a symbol of loss 6.希望的标志 a sign of hope
7. 传达积极的意思 convey positive meanings 8.获利 make a profit
9. 比如 for instance 10 随意地 at random
11. 对….随心所欲 be arbitrary about 12.做….不合适 It’s inappropriate to do..
13. 与事实相一致 match the fact/correspond to…
14.从负面意义上看 on the negative side 15. 在一些情况下 in some cases
二 词型转换
1. symbol n.------- _symbolize___v. 2. emotion n.--------___emotional_____ adj
3. political adj ------_politics_____n -----___politician___n
4. brave adj------___bravery_____n 5.associate v-------__association n.
6. representation n.------_represent_v-----____representative_n
7.medium n ------ __media________（复数） 8.suitv.-----__suitable__adj ---___suited__adj
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