以下是小编整理的人教版 高三 unit 7 预习学案（共含7篇），欢迎阅读分享。同时，但愿您也能像本文投稿人“marcoonn”一样，积极向本站投稿分享好文章。
Warming up listening and speaking
1. care for : like , feel like, look after 喜欢；照顾
care about : be concerned about worry about 在意
She can’t come to my party because she will care for her sick mother.
You don’t care much for Tony, do you?
I don’t care about your opinion.
2. powder [U] 粉, 粉末, 火药
washing powder 洗涤(剂)粉 juice powder (水果、蔬菜等的)汁粉
gun powder 火药
3. standard n 标准, 规格,水准
the standard of living = the living standard生活水平
Your work is not up to the standard. 你的工作不够标准。
4. conscience n. 良心；是非观念
His conscience troubled him after he took the money. 他拿走了钱以后，他的良心使他不安.
have a bad/guilty conscience 内疚 have a clear conscience 问心无愧
in all conscience 凭良心 on one’s conscience 内疚，问心有愧
have the conscience to do 竟厚颜无耻到（做、说...）
make sth. a matter of conscience凭良心对待［做］某事
A good conscience is a soft pillow. [谚] 问心无愧， 高枕无忧。
A guilty conscience is a self -accuser. [谚]做贼心虚。
Reading
5. wages指工人或服务人员等拿的“工资”, 一般按日、按时或按件计算
salary指公职人员、职员等拿按年、按月或按周计算的“年薪”、“月薪”或“周薪”;
His hourly wage is one dollar. 他每干一小时得一美元。
His monthly salary is sufficient to support his family. 他的月工资足以养活他一家。
6. leave alone ① 不管 ② 随…去 ③ 把…独自留下
Leave the cat alone. 不要逗那只猫。
Don’t touch that, leave it alone. 别动了，把它放在一边别管。
She couldn’t leave her baby alone at home. 她不能把孩子一个人留在家里。
7. There are many things that do me good…
do sb good = do good to sb 对…有益 do sb wrong = do wrong to sb 冤枉某人
do sb harm = do harm to sb 对…有害处
Doing exercise will do good to us .
You did me wrong ; I didn’t do that at all.
The wrong you did to me was great.
8. sth.（to be…)
admit doing sth. 承认…
that-clause
You must admit the task to be difficult. 你必须承认这个任务很难。
He admitted having stolen the bicycle. 他承认他偷了自行车。
He admitted that he had stolen the bicycle.
admit sb. into/ to sth. 准许进入
He was admitted to a key university. 他被一所重点大学录取。
The theater admits 1000 people. （容纳） 这个剧院可以容纳1000人。
9. abundant adj. 1.) 大量的;充足的 2.) 丰富的;富裕的[(+in)]
abundant rainfall 充沛的雨量
We have abundant proof of his guilt. 我们掌握大量关于他犯罪的证据。
The country is abundant in natural resources. 这个国家盛产自然资源。
The country has abundant supplies of oil and gas. 这个国家有丰富的石油和天然气。
10. occupy vt. 1.) 占领,占据 2.) 占(时间,空间);占用;住
The enemy soon occupied the town. 敌人很快占领了城镇。
Reading occupies most of my free time. 阅读占了我大部分空余时间。
The bathroom is occupied. 浴室有人用。
be occupied with sth
be occupied in doing sth 忙于…从事于…
occupy oneself in doing sth. / with sth.
He is occupied with all kinds of daily affairs. 他每天忙于各种各样的日常事务。
I have been occupied in reading. 我一直忙于阅读。
=I have occupied myself in reading.
11. constant adj. 1.）不变的；固定的 2.）时常发生的；连续不断的
3.）忠心的；忠贞的；忠实的
constant speed 固定速度 constant rain 绵绵不断的雨
constant trouble 时常发生的麻烦 a constant friend忠实的朋友
12. close up 1.）（暂时）关闭；停歇 2.）靠拢；靠近；靠紧
The old road has now been closed up since the highway was open to public use.“自从高速公路通车以来,那条旧公路已经封闭了。”
Close up the ranks! 靠拢！
The teacher told the children to close up to each other near the camp fire and then began his story. 老师叫孩子们在营火旁互相靠拢些,接着就开始讲起故事来。
close down 1.）（广播电台、电视台）停止播音，停播 2.）（工厂等的永久性地）关闭，歇业
The local government decided to close down some factories which had done a lot of harm to the environment. 当地政府决定关闭一些对环境造成重大损害的工厂。
Integrating Skills
13. take one’s place 就座, 接替某人的位置
Mr. Li is ill, and I’ve come to take his place. 李老师病了，我来接替他。
take the place of 代替，替代 take place 发生，举行
out of place 在错误的位置 in place 在通常的位置 in place of 代替
Tractors have now taken the place of horses and cows in most villages. 在大多数的村庄，拖拉机已经取代了牛马。
The task is carried out by robots in place of human workers. 机器人代替人力执行了这个任务
14. ambition n. 雄心；志向；野心
I started off full of ambition. 我雄心勃勃地出发了。
He lacks ambition. 他无志向。
ambition = aim =goal [C] 目标
It’s one of my ambitions to get a novel published. 出版一本小说是我目标之一。
15. be content with: be satisfied with 对…满意
be content to do sth: be willing/ready to sth 乐于做某事
The teacher is content with the student’s answer. 老师对学生的回答很满意。
The Smiths are content to live a simple life. 史密斯夫妇乐于过着简单的生活。
Jenny stared at her boyfriend with a contented smile.(adj.知足的， 满意的)
How about the content of the book. (n. 内容, 容量, 目录)
16. of late : lately , recently 最近
What are you busy with of late ? 你最近在忙什么？
at ( the ) latest adv.最迟
Be here on Monday at the latest. 最迟星期一到这。
You must finish the work by Friday at latest. 你最迟星期五前完成工作。
Grammar----- the Adverbial
状语用于修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，来表示时间、地点、原因、方式、程度、目的、结果、条件、让步、频度等情况，通常状语可以由下列这些来表示。
1．副词作状语
(1) The doctor will be here presently．大夫一会就来.
(2) She had never before had that feeling．她过去从来不曾有过这种感觉。
2．介词短语作状语
(1) We stayed up till midnight．我们一直到深夜都没睡。
(2) We learn to swim by swimming．我们通过练习游泳学游泳。
3．不定式短语作状语
(1) They did everything they could to save the man's life．他们做了一切努力来拯救那个人生命.
(2) We can send a car over to fetch you．我们可以派一辆车去接你。
4．分词短语作状语
(1)Please fill in the card giving all the information required.请填写好卡片,把要填的项目填清楚。
(2) Compared to you，I am indeed very fortunate．和你相比，我确实是很幸运的。
5．形容词(短语)作状语
(1) They are rushed over eager to help．他们都跑了过去，急于要帮忙。
(2) Hungry，he went to a restaurant．饿了，他走进一家饭店o
6．词组作状语
(1) She jumped ten feet．她跳了十英尺远。
(2) When I was ill she nursed me day and night．我生病时，她日夜照顾我。
7．复合结构作状语
(1) That being the case，we’ll have to reconsider the whole thing．既然情况如此，整个这件事我们就得重新考虑了。
(2) He entered the room his nose red with cold．他鼻子冻得通红地走进房来。
8．从句作状语
(1) We did only because we had to．我们这样做是出于不得已。
(2) He asked me to stay where I was．他让我呆在原处。
9．状语在句中的位置
(a) 时间状语一般位于句尾，表示强调时也可以位于句首。
(1) The plane will take off in a few minutes．几分钟后飞机就要起飞了。
(2) Having finished the job, he went to have supper. 完成了工作，他就去吃饭了。
(b)地点状语一般位于句尾，但有时也可位于句首或句中。
(1) There are plenty of fishes in the river．这河里鱼的种类很多。
(2) Anyway, I won’t stop you from doing it. 不管怎样我不打算阻止你那样做。
(c)原因状语大多位于句尾，有时也有位于句首的。
(1) He arrived late because of the rain．由于下雨，他来迟了。
(2) Delighted, the girls thought up many good ideas．一高兴，姑娘们想出许多好主意。
(d)方式状语总是位于句尾(动词后或动词+宾语后)。
(1) They listened to the teacher attentively．他们注意听老师讲课。
(2) She cut the cake with a knife．她用刀把蛋糕切开。
(e)程度状语位于被修饰词的前面。
(1) The road is very wide．这条路很宽。
(2) This film is entirely different from that one．这部电影同那部电影完全不同。
[注意]enough作状语修饰形容词或副词时位于被修饰词的后面。
(1) This book is easy enough．这本书相当简单。
(f)目的状语一般位于句尾，为了强调也可以位于句首。
(1) He ran fast, to catch the train．他飞跑着去赶火车。
(2) To do a good job, we must have the right tools．要干好活，工具要对头。
(g)结果状语位于句尾。
(1)She woke suddenly to find many persons around her bed.她突然醒来时, 发现许多人围在她床边。
(2)It was snowing so heavily that we had to stay indoors.当时雪下得特别大，我们不得不呆在屋子里。
(h)条件状语位于句首。
(1) Turning to the left, you will find the post office．往左拐，你就能找到邮局。
(2) Given more time, I was able to have done the work better．多给点时间，我会把工作做得更好。
(i) 让步状语位于句首或句尾。
(1)They kept on working outside in spite of the bad weather.尽管天气不好，他们还坚持在外面干活。
(2) Although he is in poor health, he is strong in spirit. 尽管他身体不好，但精神很好。
(j)频度状语如：often, always, seldom, never, ever, sometimes, usually, hardly等通常位于句中，放在行为动词之前，be动词或情态动词、助动词之后；多个助动词，则放在第一个助动词之后
(1) She often does this. 她总是这样做。
(2) She is seldom ill. 她不常生病。
(3) She would occasionally drop us a note．她偶尔给我们来一封短信.
(4)He has never been late to school．他上学从不迟到。
10．多个状语连用的次序问题
(a) 方式---地点---时间 (连用几个状语修饰同一个动词时，通常按“方式状语---地点状语---时间状语”的顺序排列。)
(1) They talked friendly in the living-room last night．他们昨天晚上在客厅谈得很愉快。
(2) She walked quickly out of the room just now. 她刚才很快地走出了房间。
(b) 由小到大（用几个不同的时间状语或地点状语同时修饰同一个动词时一般按照“由小到大”的顺序排列。）
(1) My sister stayed in my home for three months last year. 我姐姐去年在我家呆了三个月。
(2) My parents lived in a small faraway village in the north. 我的父母亲住在北方的一个遥远的小村庄里。
(c) 交换位置(状语在简略答语中，谓语部分只有be动词，助动词或情态动词时，状语要在这些词前面)
(1) He will never do it again．No, he never will．他决不再做那样的事了。是的，他决不再做。
(2) Are you all Americans? Yes，we all are．你们都是美国人吗?是的，我们都是。
重点单词及词组：
1. convey 表达；运载
[举例]（1）This train conveys both passengers and goods.(这列火车既载人又载货。)
（2）Words cannot convey how delighted I was. (言语无法表达我内心的喜悦。)
2. advertise vi. 登广告；做广告。 vt. 为……做广告；宣传；通知
[举例]（1）They advertised their goods in all the newspaper. (他们在所有的报纸上为他们的货物做广告。)
（2）The shop keeper advertised for an assistant in the local newspaper. (那位店家在当地报纸上登广告征求一名助手。)
[拓展] advertiser n. 登广告者；做广告者 advertisement n. (可数) 广告；告白；启事
3. consideration n. 考虑；（对他人、他人的情绪等的）顾及，体贴
[举例]（1）Please give the matter your careful consideration. (此事请你仔细考虑。)
（2）He has never show much consideration for his son’s needs. (他从来不考虑儿子的需要
[搭配] take sth into consideration 考虑某事 in consideration of… 考虑…
leave sth out of consideration 对某事未加考虑
4. charge n. 主管；充电（气）；价钱；控告
[举例]（1）Who is in charge here? (这儿谁主管？)
（2）Is the charge over? （电充好了吗？）
（3）He faces serious charges. (他面临严重的控告。)
（4）The charge for the house is not acceptable. (这个房屋的价钱不能接受。)
[拓展] charge vt. vi. 指控，控告。charge sb with… 指控某人有（犯）……罪
[举例]（1）He was charged with murder. (他被指控犯谋杀罪。)
（2）He charged Tom with robbing. (他指控汤姆抢劫。)
charge v. charge (sb) money for sth 向（某人）要价……
(1) How much do you charge for mending a pair of shoes? (修一双鞋多少钱？)
(2) He charged me fifty dollars for the coat. (那件外套他向我要价五十美元。)
[搭配]（sb）in charge of (sth/sb) 某人管理/控制某事/人 （主动）
(sth/sb) in the charge of (sb) 某事/人在某人的管理/控制之中 （被动）
take charge of…
5. loss n. 遗失；丧失；损失
[举例]（1）Loss of health is more serious than loss of money. (健康的丧失比金钱的丧失更重要。)
（2）The loss of so many ships worried him. （这么多航船的损失使他焦急。）
[搭配] be at a loss for sth./ to do sth 困惑；不知所措
6. blame vt. 责备；谴责；归咎于 n. 责任；（过错，失败等的）责任
[举例]（1）Bad workers often blame their tools. (拙劣的工人们常责怪他们的工具不好。)
(2) He blamed his teacher for his failure. （他把他的失败归咎于他的老师。）
(3) Who is blame for starting the fire? （火灾的引起由谁负责？）
(4) Who does the blame lie for our failure? （我们的失败应归咎于何人？）
[搭配] sb be to blame 由某人负责
blame sb for sth / blame sth on sb 因某事责备某人/ 把某事归咎于某人
7. react vi. 反应；反抗 vt.（指物质）起化学反应
[举例]（1）Do children react to kind treatment by becoming more self-confidence?（对孩子们和善是否会使他们更自信？）
（2）Will the people react against the aggressor? (人们会反抗侵略者吗？)
（3）How do acids react on metals? (酸对金属的化学反应是怎样的？)
[搭配] react on / upon = have an effect on 对…….有影响
react to… 对……反应 react against 反抗……
[拓展] reaction n. 反应
8. annoy vt. 使烦恼；使恼怒 vi. 招人讨厌；惹人麻烦
[举例]（1）His wife annoyed him because the dinner was bad. (他妻子使他烦恼，因为那顿饭做得不好。)
（2）He felt / got / was annoyed with the boy for being so stupid.(他为这孩子如此的愚蠢而感到烦恼。)
[搭配] be / feel / get annoyed with sb 对某人感到烦恼
be / feel / get annoyed at / about sth对某事感到烦恼
[拓展] annoyance n. 烦恼；厌烦的事
9. accuse vt.指控；控告；谴责
[举例]（1）She accused him of theft.（她控告他盗窃。）
（2）He was accused of cowardice.（他被指责怯懦。）
[搭配] be accused of sth 被指控犯某罪 accuse sb of sth 指控（指责）某人犯罪
[拓展] accuser n. 被告 accusation n. 谴责；控诉
10. associate vt. 使发生联系；使结合在一起；把……联想起来 vi. 交往；联合
[举例]（1）He associated himself with them in a business.（他与其他人合伙经商。）
(2) We associate Egypt with the Nile.（我们想起了埃及就想起了尼罗河。）
（3）Don’t associate with dishonest boys. (勿与不诚实的男孩儿为友。)
[搭配] associate with… 与……联合（结合；结交）
in association with… 与……在一起；与联合
[拓展] association n. [UC] 联合；结合；结交 （可数）协会；社团；会社
11. appeal vi.有吸引力；呼吁；诉诸；上诉 n.感染力；呼吁；上诉
[举例]（1）Bright colours appeal to small children.（鲜亮的颜色能吸引小孩。）
（2）At Christmas people appeal to us help the poor.（圣诞节期间人们呼吁我们帮助穷人。）
（3）She decided to appeal to another court.（她决定向另一法院上诉。）
（4）They appealed to the teacher.（他们听取老师的决定。）
（5）That sort of music hasn’t much appeal for me.（那种音乐引不起我多大兴趣。）
[搭配] appeal to… 向……恳求（上诉）；吸引…… appeal against… 不服……而上诉
an appeal for… 恳求……；呼吁…… an appeal to sb 请求……的决定；
[拓展] appealing adj.感动人的；哀求的；动人的；有吸引力的
12. profit n. [常用复数]利润；赢利；利益 vt. vi. 有益（于）；有利（于）
[举例]（1）He gains profits from his studies.（他从读书中得到益处。）
（2）Have you profited by the experience?（你是否从该经验中得到益处？）
（3）What can it profit him?（它能给他带来什么益处？）
（4）I have profited from your advice.（你的劝告使我得到好处。）
[搭配] profit from / by… 从……中获利（得到好处）
[拓展] profitable adj. 赚钱的；获利的；有益的
13. attach vt. 系；贴；附加；认为有（重要性）
[举例]（1）Please attach labels to the luggage.（请把标签系在行李上。）
（2）She attached a document to a letter.（她把文件附在信上。）
（3）Do you attach much important to what he says?（你认为他的话很重要吗？）
[搭配] attach sth to sth 附上；加上；贴上；系上；认为有；使与……相关联
[拓展] attachment n.（不可数）附带；附属；附着 （可数）附带物；附件
14. discount n. 折扣 vt. 打折扣 adj. 打折扣的
[举例]（1）We give (a) 10 percent discount for cash.（现金付款，我们给你打九折。）
（2）All the small sizes are discounted today.（今天所有小号的东西都打折。）
[搭配] at a discount of… 打……（多少）折扣
at a discount (指货物) 无销路的；易获得的；（喻）不受重视
其它词组：
go hand in hand with 与……齐头并进
make informed choice 做出知情的选择
get their message across 传播信息
large amounts of = a great deal of 大量
in a variety of = all kinds of 各种各样
make people aware of 使某人意识
look out for 关注
keep an eye out for 当心
bait and switch 偷梁换柱
9 out of / in 10 mothers 每十个妈妈中的九个
on sale 降价出售
语法：宾语补足语
一、可以充当宾语补足语的词和词组有：
1． 名词：
We made him our monitor.
They thought this good advice.
They named their daughter Jenny.
注①：常用名词充当宾语补足语的动词有：call, name, elect, make, think, appoint, choose, find, consider, keep, wish, feel等。
注②：充当宾语补足语的名词若表示正式的或独一无二的头衔、职位时，前面一般不用冠词，
They elected John chairman of the committee.
2． 形容词：
You should keep your room clean and tidy.
We’d better leave the door open.
注：常用形容词充当宾语补足语的动词有：believe, think, get, keep, make, find, set, like, wish, see, consider, prove, have, leave, 以及paint, drive, turn, cut等。
3． 现在分词：
I’m sorry to have kept you waiting for so long.
I could feel the cold wind blowing on my face.
At this moment she noticed the teacher coming in.
4． 动词不定式：
Nobody could make him change his mind.
Would you like me to come along with you?
He believed the earth to be a globe.
5． 过去分词：
He watched the TV set carried out of the room.
Last year they had their house rebuilt.
When you speak English, be sure to make yourself understood.
6． 此外，副词和介词短语也可以充当宾语补足语，如：
When do you want it back?
Why didn’t you invite them in?
We could hear the children at play outside.
二、宾语和其补足语之间的逻辑关系：
1．当名词、形容词、副词和介词短语充当宾语补足语时，它们和宾语之间有着逻辑上的主谓关系（或称表语关系），宾语补足语说明宾语的情况、性质、特征、状态、身份或属类等。试比较：
We made him our monitor. (He is our monitor.)
You should keep your room clean and tidy. (Your room is clean and tidy.)
We could hear the children at play outside. (The children are at play outside.)
2．当现在分词和动词不定式充当宾语补足语时，它们和宾语之间有逻辑上的主谓关系，宾语补足语一般为宾语所做的动作，如：
He saw an old man getting on the bus. (An old man was getting on the bus.)
Did you see a young man enter the house? (A young man entered the house.)
3．当过去分词充当宾语补足语时，它与宾语之间有着动宾关系，即：宾语是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者，如：
I once heard this song sung in Japanese.
(This song was once sung in Japanese.)
I didn’t want the children taken out in such weather.
(The children were taken out in such weather.)
三、在用现在分词或不定式作宾语补足语的动词中，有些只能用现在分词作宾语补足语；有些只能用不定式作宾语补足语；还有的动词既能用现在分词又可用不定式作宾语补足语：
1． 只能用现在分词作宾语补足语的动词有：catch, keep, mind, prevent, stop, smell, excuse等。
She caught her son smoking a cigarette.
His words started me thinking.
2． 只能用不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：wish, desire, expect, love, prefer, trust, encourage, let, allow, permit, mean, lead, bring, put, hurry, cause, remind, ask, invite, beg, request, worry, advise, persuade, call on, tell, order, command, require, make, force, drive, forbid, warn, help, teach, show, assist, report, bear, wait for // think, take, know, judge, consider, suppose, believe, allow, prove, declare等。
3． 既能用现在分词又可用不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：see, watch, notice, look at, observe, listen to, hear, feel, have, imagine, discover, like, want, understand, hate, get, set, leave等。
四、使用不定式作宾语补足语时，不定式符号to的取舍问题：
1． 在hear, listen to, let, have, make, see, watch, notice, observe等动词后的不定式需省去to。
2． feel一词，跟to be型不定式带to；跟to do型不定式不带to。
3． help一词后的不定式，可带to，也可以不带to。
五、在复合宾语中，宾语通常为名词或代词，但有时也可以用不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或that从句来充当。这时，应使用先行it代替宾语，而将真正的宾语移到句子的后部，
I felt it necessary to speak about our shortcomings.
Do you consider it any good trying again?
We all thought it a pity that you couldn’t join us.
注：在这种结构中，宾语补足语通常为名词或形容词；常用于这种结构的动词有： feel, find, think, make, take, judge, consider等。
Unit 7 A Christmas Carol
高三英语备课组 主备：杨长萍
一．Teaching aims:
I. Grasp the following words, phrases and sentences:
1).重点单词：bacteria powder standard conscience frost handwriting overcoat wage anyway god admit foolish clap partner abundant warmth taxpayer occupy constant welfare clerk composer novelist firm shadow ambition noble bond indeed goose selfish
2). 重点短语：care for leave alone in want of badly off close up have an eye for as follows of late
3). 重要句型：
1. If you were working hard , you wouldn’t be cold . (虚拟语气)
2. It’s the only time of the year when one does not only think about oneself , but when man and woman open their hearts freely and think of others.
3. I can’t afford to make idle people merry.
4. Much good may it do you !
5. Prisons and places like that cost honest taxpayers like me enough ;and those who are badly off must go there .
6. I think it’s because he walks slower than he used to, as of late.
II．语法
状语(Adverbial)
1. 状语可以由副词、介词短语、不定式或不定式短语、分词或分词短语、形容词、词组、复合结构及从句来表示，间或可以用名词作状语。
He got up early to catch the early train.
The boy lay on the ground, with his eyes staring at the ceiling.
2. 分词或分词短语作状语时，要考虑分词或分词短语与其逻辑主语（即句子的主语）的逻辑关系。主动的用现在分词，被动的用过去分词。
Scolded by his father, the boy was very sad.
Walking through the woods, the two men came across a big bear.
3. 状语从句根据其作用分为时间状语从句、条件状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、原因状语从句、让步状语从句、方式状语从句、地点状语从句和比较状语从句。
He didn’t attend the meeting, because he was ill. You must do everything the way I do.
二．Teaching periods: four
Period I Word Study
1. care for 喜欢，想要；(其后接名词、代词作宾语，常用于一般疑问句和否定句, 不可用被动语态.)
看护，照料（尤指老人，病人）=look after , take care of
care about 对。。关心，介意，在乎；焦虑，忧虑；(后接名词、代词、动名词作宾语；常用于疑问句和否定句，后接从句时about 可省略)
I don’t care for red wine. 喜欢 Who will care for me when I am old? 照料
She doesn’t care about money. 在乎I don’t care whether it rains. 介意
I don’t care who you are or what you say. 我不管你是谁，也不在乎你说什么？
用care for / care about填空：
①The parents cared for the sick child day and night until he got well.
②He didn’t care about my opinion at all.
③My friend Paul cares for singing and dancing.
④Don’t you care about our country’s future?
⑤On getting to kindergarten, the mother was glad to see her baby well__B___.
A looked for B cared for C take care of D cared after.
⑥Peter thought the matter had nothing to do with him so he __C_ nothing ______ it.
A know; by B cared by C cared ; about D cared ; with.
⑦The emperor __D___ more_______ new clothes than _______anything else.
A liked ; about ; of B cared ; about; for
C cared ; for ; about D cared ; for ;for.
care n. 关心，照顾，小心，谨慎， with care 小心翼翼
leave….. in sb’s care 把。。。。交给某人照管 take care 小心，当心
take care of 照顾，爱护 under the care of 在…照料下
2．admit vt. 承认；准许。。。进入（或使用）; 容纳=contain , hold
vi 容许；承认
admit sb to/ into 允许。。。进入 be admitted into /to被接纳进入（机构，组织）
be admitted into / to a key university admit sb to be承认。。。是。。。
admit (doing) sth 承认(做了)某事 admit that承认。。。
It’s generally admitted that。。。 一般认为
eg: He was admitted to hospital suffering from burns.
They admitted him to be mad.
I admit my mistake / making a mistake / that I was wrong .
The hall admits 1,200 people.
①Now that he __D___ that he had stolen the money, you should have forgiven him.
A. excused B. suffered C. offered D. admitted
②Children under six are not __B__ to school except those of extraordinary intelligence.
A. permitted B. admitted C. accepted D. received
Now that he admitted that he had stolen the money, you should have forgiven him.
既然他承认偷了钱，你应该原谅他.
3. in want of = in need of 需要
want n. 缺乏，缺少，需要（不可数名词），有时其前可加不定冠词。
for want of 因为缺乏 in want 贫困，生活困难
The book meets a long-felt want. 这本书满足了盼望以久的需要。
The poor man was in want of food and clothes.这个贫困的人缺衣少食。
I’m badly in want of a pair of new shoes.我急需一双新鞋。
There are still many thousands of people in want.仍然有许多人处于贫困之中。
Want v. 需要
Sth. needs/ wants/ requires/ deserves + n./ doing
Eg. Dad and mum, how nice to see you two here. All the clothes need ___and I’m__ money.
A. washed; need of B. washing; in a great need of
C. to be washing; needing D. washing; in want of
[思维拓展]
in honor of 为了表示尊敬。。。；纪念 in memory of纪念。。。
in favor of赞同，支持 in charge of 掌管，负责
in search of寻找 in need of需要
in hope of怀着。。。希望 in face of面对。。
in praise of歌颂 in place of 代替，取代
1) The house is ___A___ repair.
2) She set up the charitable trust __D___ of his father.
3）People build a monument __D____ those who died for the country.
4）The song is written ___C____ our Party.
A. in want of B. in memory of C. in praise of D. in honor of
4. badly off 潦倒；贫穷 一般不能置于名词之前.
badly off = poor = short of worse off情况较差
well off富裕 better off情况较好
My family was badly off in those days. 那些日子我家一贫如洗。
The school is now badly off for experienced teachers.
They are badly off. = They are not well off. = They are poor.
They are not exactly rich, but they are fairly well off.
She was badly off for a while after her husband died.
The government says that people are better off now than they have ever been.
They don’t seem too badly off---they have smart clothes and a nice house.
5 of late : lately , recently
What are you busy with of late ?
at ( the ) latest 最晚；最迟 Be here on Monday at the latest.
你最迟必须在周五前完成工作。You must finish the task before Friday at the latest.
比较：late / later/ latter
6. occupy vt使忙碌；使从事; 占有 用法小结：
1). occupy意为 “take up or fill (time, space, sb’s mind, etc)” “占据，充满（时间，空间，某人的头脑等）”。
e.g. The speech occupied three hours. 发言工占去了三个小时。
A bed occupied the corner of the room. 一张床占去了房间的一角。
2). occupy意为 “take possession of and establish troops in (a country, position, etc)” “（军事）占领（国家、阵地等）”。
e.g. The army occupied the enemy’s capital. 军队占领了敌国首都。
3). occupy意为 “live in or have possession of (a house, land, etc)” “占用，占有（房屋、土地等）”。
e.g. The family have occupied the farm for many years. 这家人在农场已居住多年。
They occupy the house next door. 他们住在隔壁。
4). occupy oneself (in doing sth/with sth) “忙着（做某事）；忙（于某事）”。
e.g. How does he occupy himself now he is retired? 他既已退休，都如何打发日子呢？
He was occupied with /in writing a novel. 他忙于写小说。
be occupied in doing sth / with sth
= be busy doing sth / with sth
= occupy oneself in doing sth / with sth
When I arrived I saw the place was already ___A____ by two strangers in uniforms.
A. occupied B. conquered C. possessed D. owned
occupied adj在使用中；已占有；不空闲
occupation n. 占有；占领；占用；工作，职业。
7. close up vt 关闭(商店等); vi.靠拢/靠近; 愈合
They went on strike and close up all the shops.他们继续罢工, 并且关闭了所有的商店.
The officer told his men to close up. 军官让士兵们靠拢.
The wound in his arm has begun to close up. 他臂上的伤口开始愈合.
The business has been closed up. 这家买卖已关闭.
close down倒闭 close round 笼罩 close to 接近/靠近=near
eg. Sorry madam, we’re closing up for lunch.
很抱歉，小姐，我们现在要关门吃饭。
Speaking
Scrooge has no friends except his partner, Marley 除了他的合伙人玛利以外，斯克罗奇一个朋友也没有。
[点拨] except 介词，意思是“除了…以外”。Except用法小结：
1. except +名词
e.g. The restaurant is open everyday except Monday.
这家商店除星期一外，每天都营业。
2. except +代词
e.g. Everyone except me got an invitation.除了我以外，所有人都收到了请柬。
3. except +介词短语
e.g. He looked everywhere for the book except in the bedroom.
除了卧室以外，为找那本书他到处都找遍了。
4. except for + 名词/代词
e.g. Your composition is very good except for a few spelling mistakes.
你的作文除有几个字拼错外，其余都很好。
The bus was empty except for an old man. 除了一个老人而外，公共汽车是空的。
5. except+动词不定式
He desired nothing except to go abroad for further study.他只求出国深造，别无他求。
6. except + that从句
He has no special bad habit except that he smokes too much..
他没有什么特别的坏习惯，就是烟吸得太多。
7. except + when/where/why等从句
It happens every day, except when it rains.除非是下雨天，天天如此。
I understand everything except why she killed him.
我一切都明白，只是不理解她为什么把他杀死。
There are also cases of food polluted with poisons or bacteria. 也有一些食品受毒药或细菌污染的事例。
[点拨] case 此处意为“事例，事实，实例”。
e.g. Could you give us a concrete case? 你能给我们举个具体事例吗？
另外，case 还可意为“状况，情形；病例，患者；案件等”。
e.g. This is not the case in our country.在我国情况不是这样的。
He is the first case of cancer the young doctor has treated.
他是这位年轻医生医治的第一位癌症患者。
The case is in fovor of the defendant. 案情陈述有利于被告。
[点拨] case 短语总结
1. in case +从句 或者in case 作状语
意思是“because of the possibility of sth happening”“以防万一，万一”。
e.g. It may rain-take an umbrella with you in case (it does).你最好带把伞，以防万下雨。
2. in case of sth 意为“if sth happens” “假如，如果发生某事”。
e.g. In case of fire, ring the alarm bell. 遇火警时立即按警铃。
3. in any case意为“whatever happens or may have happened” “无论如何，总之”。
e.g. Be sure to try your best in any case. 无论如何都要尽你最大的努力。
4. in that case意为“if that happens or has happened; if that is the state of affairs” “既然那样；假如那样的话”。
e.g. You don’t like your job? In that case why don’t you leave?
你不喜欢这份工作？那你怎么不辞掉呢？
5. in no case意为“in no circumstances” “在任何情形下决不，无论如何都不”。
eg. He would in no case give in.他决不会屈服的。
Period II Reading
Teaching aims:
1. To develop the students’ reading ability by practicing skimming and detailed reading skills.
2. To enable the students to analyze the characters and enjoy the play A Christmas Carol.
3.To help the students to have a better understanding about Charles Dickens and his great works.
Teaching important＆difficult points
1. Learn how to analyze the characters in the play.
2. Help the students get the spirits of the play.
Teaching methods
1、Talking 2、Discussing 3、Students-centered approach
Teaching procedures:
Step1 Lead-in
Charles Dickens was the greatest representative of English critical novelist in the 19th century. He wrote 14 novels and many other short stories in his lifetime. His style was realistic and humors .He gave us a vivid picture of life of ordinary people. His works shows sympathy for the poor.
Step2 Scanning
1 When did this story happen?
2 How many people were mentioned?
3What was Ebenezer Scrooge? What kind of this man was?
4Who was Bob Cratchit? What did he want to do?
5 What did the gentlemen want Scrooge to do? Has he Promised ? What happened to Scrooge ?
Step3 Careful reading
Analyse of the characters in stories by typical language.
Main heroes What they say characteristic
Scrooge
1”I have to pay you a whole day’s”
Wages for no work. He says Humbug”
2”That’s an excuse for picking a man’s Pocket”.
3 Leave it alone Much good may it do you. 1 cold, interested in money.
2 not care for his employee.
Bob
1”I’m too cold to write so I warm myself on the candle.”
2” I want a day off at Christmas”
3 Those who are badly off must go there poor,modest and careful.
Fred
“There are many things that do me good without bringing in profit” kind and helpful.
Santa He always says “Ho,ho,ho.” make others happy
Step 4 Further reading
Choose the best answers
1. Christmas is traditionally celebrated on B .
A. December 24 B. December 25 C. December 30 D. December 31
2. Which of the following is not true according to the dialogue? A
A. The business is now owned by Scrooge and his partner, Marley.
B. Marley died on December 24th.
C. The gentleman tried to persuade Mr Scrooge to do something good for the poor.
D .Many thousands of people don’t have enough money to keep themselves warm.
3. Ebenezer Scrooge is D .
A. a warm-hearted boss B. a lazy kind boss
C. a hospitable boss D. a greedy ungenerous boss
4. According to the dialogue,which of the following sentences is right? C
A. Nothing happened when the clock struck one.
B. Scrooge’s eyes were wet because he had a cold.
C. The girl who used to love Scrooge has married another man.
D. Scrooge, a kind old man is always commenting on everything by saying “Humbug”.
5. In the sentence ,“He is cold, mean and selfish old man ”,“mean” is D .
A.有技巧的 B.心情不好的 C.普通的 D.吝啬的
6. From the dialogue, we can infer C .
A. Fred helps Scrooge become a helpful man
B. everyone does wish Ebenzer Scrooge a merry Christmas
C. Ebenzer scrooge corrects his mistakes and makes a fresh start
D. Scrooge’s partner, Marley died at Christmas
7. The main factor that makes Mr Scrooge change his mind is that A .
A. he feels afraid the bad thing will happen to him in the future
B. he regrets what he did in the past
C. he is moved by what Santa Claus says
D. he loses his fortune and becomes a poor man himself
8. What can’t be concluded from the passage? D
A. People usually have turkey for Christmas.
B. The place they live in is cold in winter.
C. Bob is quite astonished Scrooge’s generousness.
D. All the poor people can enjoy a merry Christmas now.
9. According to Fred, Christmas is the day of the year when people D .
A. think of the past and look forward to the future B. put valuable things in their pockets
C. have dinner together D. show kindness to people and help others
10. Mr Scrooge is reluctant to open his heart to the poor because D .
A. there are plenty of prisons in the world
B. he is poor himself
C. the union work houses can help the poor
D. he only cares about his own business and never shows kindness to others.
Step 5 Post reading. Answer the following questions
1．How does Ebenezer Scrooge treat people working for him?
He was cold, mean and only interested in profit and money. He didn’t care for his employers. He often asked them to work without a rest, even at Christmas Eve.
2 What is the typical of Ebenezer?
He was a mean, hard, selfish old business man. He often said “Humbug” He cared for nothing but money.
3 What was the true spirit of Christmas according to Fred?
He thought it is to do sth good to others and opened his heart to think of others.
4 Scrooge’s last visitor said he was connected with his welfare. What does this sentence mean?
He was raising money to help the poor. He hoped That Scrooge gave some money to help the poor.
Step 6 Langrage study
1. too--- to 太。。。。而不能
I’m too excited to say a word.
He is too young to join the army.
=He is not old enough to join the army.
= He is so young that he can’t join the army.
若在该句式中用形容词kind, ready, anxious, glad, pleased, delighted, easy, willing, eager等，则往往不表示否定意义。
He is too excited to see his old friend again.
I’m only too glad to help you.
He’s too anxious to get home sooner.
can’t (can never) …too…
=can't/can never. . . enough 怎么也不过分
1)．你再怎么赞扬他也不过分。
You can never think too highly of him.
2). 过马路时，你再怎么小心也不过分。
When crossing the street, you can’t be too careful.
3). Would you like me to help you carry the box? I’m afraid it is __B__ heavy for you.
A. so B. too C. that D. very
2. so what? (口)那又怎么样(表示不感兴趣或认为不重要)
1). “He doesn’t like you.” “so what?”
2). You say his father’s very rich. So what? He wouldn’t accept any help from his father, even if it were offered.
3). He’s won 1000.” “___B___? He isn’t any happier.”
A. what if B. so what C. what about D. so far
3. That’s a poor excuse for picking a man’s pocket every twenty-fifth of December! 每年的十二月二十五日掏人腰包，这个借口不充分。
[点拨] poor 此处意为“不好的，不充分的，不充足的”。
e.g. We had a poor crop of wheat this year. 今年我们小麦歉收。
[点拨] pick sb’s pocket ---steal money, etc from sb’s pocket 扒窃
have one’s pocket picked 遭扒窃
e.g. He had his pocket picked in the supermarket. 他在超市里遭扒窃了。
pick some flowers 摘花 pick out 挑选出；认出，看清楚。
Pick up 拾起 （便宜地）买到（无意中）学会接某人收听节目身体恢复，情况好转整理，收拾
4. do sb good = do good to sb 对。。。。有好处
do sb wrong = do wrong to sb 对待某人不公平；冤枉/委屈某人 do wrong做错事
do sb harm = do harm to sb 损害某人
do sb. /sth. damage =do damage to sb./sth. 对…造成破坏
Doing exercise will do good to your health. 做运动对你的身体有好处
You do me wrong ; I didn’t do that at all. 你误会我了，我根本没那么做。
They were accused of doing him bodily harm. 他们被控伤害他的人身。
5．Afford vt. 负担得起，抽得出（时间），经得起。。。。
常与 can, could, be able to等连用，且不用于被动语态
afford sth / to do sth
eg: The reason why we use oxen is that we can’t afford (to buy) a tractor.
这本书太贵了，我买不起. The book is so expensive that I can’t afford .
Period III Integrating Skills
Teaching aims and demands
(1) Get a better understanding of the text.
(2) Learn how to analyze the characters in the play.
(3) Help the students get the spirits of the play.
Teaching methods
1、Talking 2、Discussing 3、Students-centered approach
Teaching procedures & ways:
Step 1 Scanning & analysis
Divide the play into 3 parts. Try to find out what caused Scrooge to turn over a new leaf.
Find out something about the first scene
Place: The place where Scrooge live once lived. The time when Scrooge was young.
Time: Young scrooge and his girlfriend. The girl wanted to be separated from Scrooge
Characters: Scrooge cared nothing except money
Event: He felt very uneasy. Reasons:
Second scene, Scrooge saw the Christmas party held in Bob Cratchit’s houses. Judge the following sentences True of False .
1.In the dream it was Christmas Eve and the Cratchits were having a Christmas dinner. T
2. In the dream Tiny was ill but his father couldn’t afford the medicine for him. T
3. These things really happened to the Cratchits. F
4. On seeing the scene Scrooge wanted to change his life. T
5. Scrooge ordered a big Christmas tree for the cratchits’. F
Scene 3 From here we say the Scrooge turned over a new leaf. How did Bob Cratchit feel when he saw Scrooge and his turkey ? D
A. Satisfied B. Interested C. Angry D. Surprised
He hadn’t expected that Scrooge would be so generous
Step 2 Language points
1. content n. 容量，含量；内容；要旨，要意。
adj. 满意的，满足的，甘愿的
v. 使满意，满足 （content oneself）
be content with: be satisfied with
be (well)content to do sth: be willing/ready to
The Smiths are content to live a simple life. 史密斯一家满足/ 乐于简朴的生活。
How about the content of the room /the book.（n. 房间里的东西/ 书的内容）
Jenny stared at her boyfriend with a contented look / smile. (adj. 满意的， 满足的)
2. toast vt. 向…祝酒 n. 祝酒（可数）
Let’s propose a toast to the bride and bridegroom.
Let’s toast our friends.
Let’s drink a toast to your success.
3. take the place of 代替 in place 在其原来的/ 适当的位置 take one’s place 代替某人/ 就位 out of place 不合适，不恰当；不协调，不相称 take place 发生 in place of 代替
In the first place/ second… place 首先（其次等）
选择词组填空并注意适当的形式。
1). Tractors have now taken the place of horses and cows in most villages.
2). The task is carried out by robots in place of human workers.
3). Mr. Li is ill, and I’ve come to take his place.
4). I hope you left all the books in the library in place.
5). There are several reasons why I suggest that we abandon the project. In the first place, we can’t afford it. In the second place…..
6). Your remarks were rather out of place.
4. warn vt. &vi 警告, 告诫, 提醒
warn sb. that…告诫/提醒某人… warn sb. to do sth.告诫/提醒/警告某人做某事
warn sb. against doing sth.=warn sb. not to do sth.
warn sb. of/against sb/sth.告诫/警告/提醒某人注意/提防某人/某事
The old worker warned us of the dangerous bridge.
Some of Brown’s friends warned him that he was in great danger.
People have been warned to be careful.（要小心）
We warned them not to go skating（别去滑冰）on such thin ice.
My parents warned my brother against smoking.（不要抽烟）
I have been warned of the fellow.（提防那个家伙）
有人提醒我们注意敌人. We are warned of our enemies.
The patient was warned ___B___oily food after the operation does good to his health.
A.to eat not B. not eating C. not to eat D. against eating
本单元重点词组：
I. Warming up
1. care for 喜欢，照顾
2. care about 关心，担心
3. safety measure 安全措施
4. fake food product 假冒食品
5. fake milk powder 假冒奶粉
6. an increasing problem 不断增加的问题
7. social conscience 社会良知
II. Reading
1. want/have a day off
= ask for a day’s leave 1 请一天假
2. pick a man’s pocket 掏某人口袋
3. leave sb alone别管他
4. do good to sb对某人有好处
5. bring in profit带来利润
6. be in want/need of急需
7. raise money 筹款
8. make a contribution 捐赠，作出贡献
9. afford to do sth供得起
10. be badly off穷困
11. make it short 长话短说，简而言之
12. close up （尤指暂时）关闭，使靠近
13. open one’s heart “敞开心扉”
Language study
1. love (n. ) for the poor 对穷人的爱
2. have no eye for 没眼力,没眼光,不关心,不注意
3. far from 远离，远远不，完全不
4. comment on 评论
5. of Dickens’ times 狄更斯时代
6. in favour of 支持，赞成
7. in praise of 表扬
8. in honour of 为纪念，为庆祝
9. in the face of 面对
10. in hopes of= in the hope of
= in the hope that 怀着。。。的希望
11. in search of 搜寻
12. in memory of 纪念，追念
13. turn the whole room upside down
把整个房间翻了个遍
14. turn down my suggestion拒绝接受我的建议
15. believe in信任某人
16. admit doing sth承认做了某事
17. end up with 以…结尾
18. as follows 如下
Integrating skills:
1. take one’s place 代替某人的位置
2. have an eye for：有眼力；有眼光，对…感兴趣
3. be content to do 满足于做某事
4. of late 最近，近来
5. on the contrary 相反地
6. toast to 为…举杯庆祝
7. twice the size of… 是…的两倍。
同步练习：
1. _______ in a dark room, the little girl was so frightened that she cried her eyes out.
A. Leaving alone B. Left alone C. Being left alone D. To be left alone
2.---I’ll ask our physics teacher to explain Newton’s Second Law of Motion she taught us yesterday.
---That’s just _____ most of the students still have doubt.
A. where B. why C. how D. what
3. Because the shop____, all the T-shirts are sold at half price.
A. has closed up B. had closed up C. is closing down D. closed down
4. ---We didn’t find Dan attending the lecture.
---No one ____ him about _____ a lecture the following day.
A.told, there to be B. had told, there to be
C. told, there was D. had told, there being
5. ---How about the book you are reading?
---Good indeed. It ________ many problems we have come across in our study.
A. says B. talks C. covers D. refers
6. ---What about going out this evening?
---Oh, I don’t know. I’ve got a bit of a headache. And ____, John’s coming to see me, so I ought to stay in.
A. however B. anybody C. anyway D.though
7. Rose is _____ a translation of a French novel.
A. occupied with B. engaged with C. absorbed to D. busy in
8.---I’d like to go to the movie with you, Dad.
---Sorry, my son, but only the grown-ups are ____ into the cinema.
A. required B. intended C. supposed D. admitted
9. That was really a splendid evening. It’s years ________ I enjoyed myself so much.
A. when B. that C. before D. since
10. He can always seize a chance whenever ________.
A. being offered B. offered C. to be offered D. offering
11. The actor threw himself from the horse as if ________.
A. to be shot B. being shot C. shooting D. shot
12. When ________ at the gate, he was greeted with a warm welcome.
A. having appeared B. appearing C. appeared D. had appeared
13. ---How about ________ we go to the zoo this afternoon?
---Good idea!
A. that B. whether C. if D. it
14. I appreciate ________ if you would turn the radio down.
A. that B. it C. that D. which
15. The teacher is grading the homework ________ the other day.
A. having been handed in B. handed in
C. that handed in D. being handed in
16. ________ it takes for us to reduce pressure is important to our emotional health, and crying seems to ________ well.
A. Whatever, work B. Whichever, help
C. However, function D. What, help
17. John is the only one of the students in the class that never ____________ a mistake even when it is pointed to him.
A. admit making B. admits making C. admit to make D. admits to make
18. Professor Smith doesn’t think that all bad languages should be allowed. In his opinion, there are _______ that should be kept up.
A. levels B. limits C. standards D. degrees
19. ___________ from her ________ appearances, she had a wonderful time at the party last night.
A. Being judged; excited B. To judge; excited
C. Having judged, exciting D. Judging; excited
20. ---- _________ I went to see the doctor, I had to wait more than one hour.
---- So you must make an appointment with the doctor ahead of time.
A. Every time B. While C. Even if D. Since
21. ________ so happened that he was not in when the fire broke out.
A. He B. There C. That D. It
22. The illness he’s caught can result in total blindness if _______untreated.
A. it is being B. left C. to leave D. one is left
23. Though expensive, a coat made of this material lasts longer than ________made of cotton.
A. that B. it C. the one D. one
24.. I had just gone to bed _________someone knocked at the front door loudly.
A. as B. when C. while D. after
25. You are ________by law to stop your car after an accident.
A. demanded B. required C. wanted D. ordered
26. -----I didn’t take notes at yesterday’s meeting because I had left my pen at home.
----You ___________ mine, I ________it.
A. must have borrowed; wasn’t using
B. may have borrowed; didn’t use
C. could have borrowed; wasn’t using
D. should have borrowed; hadn’t used
27. I ______ to go for a walk, but someone called and I couldn’t get away.
A. had planned B. planned C. was planning D. would plan
28. David has put on so much weight recently that his mother has to __________ all his trousers to his measure.
A. let out B. give away C. bring in D. make up
二、单词拼写
1. One of his a_________ is to become the President of the United States after he graduates from university.
2. In order to improve his living s_________, he had to work day and night.
3. ________________（就个人而言,I think she is dishonest, but many people trust her..
4. Though the job isn’t very exciting, he earns a good w________.
5. This country is __________ (丰富的) natural resources.
6. Charles Dickens is one of the greatest n_______ in the history of UK in the 19th century.
7. My classmate a___________ that he had taken my umbrella by mistake.
8. It was very f____________ of you to lend him so much money, for he never pays the money back.
9. There was no rain for so many days that the plants died from ________（短缺）of water.
10. All of us were touched by the w__________ of their welcome in that faraway village.
Unit 7
一． 单项选择
1-5. BACDC 6-10 CADDB 11-15. DBCBB 16-20. ABCDA 21-25 DBDBB 26-28 CAA
二． 单词拼写
Ambitions; standard; personally speaking; abundant; wage; novelists; admitted; foolish; want; warmth
Unit 7 A Christmas Carol
高三英语备课组 主备：杨长萍
一．Teaching aims:
I. Grasp the following words, phrases and sentences:
1).重点单词：bacteria powder standard conscience frost handwriting overcoat wage anyway god admit foolish clap partner abundant warmth taxpayer occupy constant welfare clerk composer novelist firm shadow ambition noble bond indeed goose selfish
2). 重点短语：care for leave alone in want of badly off close up have an eye for as follows of late
3). 重要句型：
1. If you were working hard , you wouldn’t be cold . (虚拟语气)
2. It’s the only time of the year when one does not only think about oneself , but when man and woman open their hearts freely and think of others.
3. I can’t afford to make idle people merry.
4. Much good may it do you !
5. Prisons and places like that cost honest taxpayers like me enough ;and those who are badly off must go there .
6. I think it’s because he walks slower than he used to, as of late.
II．语法
状语(Adverbial)
1. 状语可以由副词、介词短语、不定式或不定式短语、分词或分词短语、形容词、词组、复合结构及从句来表示，间或可以用名词作状语。
He got up early to catch the early train.
The boy lay on the ground, with his eyes staring at the ceiling.
2. 分词或分词短语作状语时，要考虑分词或分词短语与其逻辑主语（即句子的主语）的逻辑关系。主动的用现在分词，被动的用过去分词。
Scolded by his father, the boy was very sad.
Walking through the woods, the two men came across a big bear.
3. 状语从句根据其作用分为时间状语从句、条件状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、原因状语从句、让步状语从句、方式状语从句、地点状语从句和比较状语从句。
He didn’t attend the meeting, because he was ill. You must do everything the way I do.
二．Teaching periods: four
Period I Word Study
1. care for 喜欢，想要；(其后接名词、代词作宾语，常用于一般疑问句和否定句, 不可用被动语态.)
看护，照料（尤指老人，病人）=look after , take care of
care about 对。。关心，介意，在乎；焦虑，忧虑；(后接名词、代词、动名词作宾语；常用于疑问句和否定句，后接从句时about 可省略)
I don’t care for red wine. 喜欢 Who will care for me when I am old? 照料
She doesn’t care about money. 在乎I don’t care whether it rains. 介意
I don’t care who you are or what you say. 我不管你是谁，也不在乎你说什么？
用care for / care about填空(注意形式)：
①The parents ______________ the sick child day and night until he got well.
②He didn’t _______________ my opinion at all.
③My friend Paul ________________ singing and dancing.
④Don’t you _______________ our country’s future?
⑤On getting to kindergarten, the mother was glad to see her baby well__ ___.
A looked for B cared for C take care of D cared after.
⑥Peter thought the matter had nothing to do with him so he __ _ nothing ______ it.
A know; by B cared by C cared ; about D cared ; with.
⑦The emperor __ ___ more_______ new clothes than _______anything else.
A liked ; about ; of B cared ; about; for
C cared ; for ; about D cared ; for ;for.
care n. 关心，照顾，小心，谨慎， with care 小心翼翼
leave….. in sb’s care 把。。。。交给某人照管 take care 小心，当心
take care of 照顾，爱护 under the care of 在…照料下
2．admit vt. 承认；准许。。。进入（或使用）; 容纳=contain , hold
vi 容许；承认
admit sb to/ into 允许。。。进入 be admitted into /to被接纳进入（机构，组织）
be admitted into / to a key university admit sb to be承认。。。是。。。
admit (doing) sth 承认(做了)某事 admit that承认。。。
It’s generally admitted that。。。 一般认为
eg: He was admitted to hospital suffering from burns.
They admitted him to be mad.
I admit my mistake / making a mistake / that I was wrong .
The hall admits 1,200 people.
①Now that he __ ___ that he had stolen the money, you should have forgiven him.
A. excused B. suffered C. offered D. admitted
②Children under six are not ____ to school except those of extraordinary intelligence.
A. permitted B. admitted C. accepted D. received
既然他承认偷了钱，你应该原谅他.
___________________________________________________________________.
3. in want of = in need of 需要
want n. 缺乏，缺少，需要（不可数名词），有时其前可加不定冠词。
for want of 因为缺乏 in want 贫困，生活困难
The book meets a long-felt want. 这本书满足了盼望以久的需要。
The poor man was in want of food and clothes.这个贫困的人缺衣少食。
I’m badly in want of a pair of new shoes.我急需一双新鞋。
There are still many thousands of people in want.仍然有许多人处于贫困之中。
want v. 需要
Sth. needs/ wants/ requires/ deserves + n./ doing
Eg. Dad and mum, how nice to see you two here. All the clothes need ___and I’m__ money.
A. washed; need of B. washing; in a great need of
C. to be washing; needing D. washing; in want of
[思维拓展]
in honor of 为了表示尊敬。。。；纪念 in memory of纪念。。。
in favor of赞同，支持 in charge of 掌管，负责
in search of寻找 in need of需要
in hope of怀着。。。希望 in face of面对。。
in praise of歌颂 in place of 代替，取代
1) The house is ___ ___ repair.
2) She set up the charitable trust __ ___ of his father.
3）People build a monument __ ____ those who died for the country.
4）The song is written _______ our Party.
A. in want of B. in memory of C. in praise of D. in honor of
4. badly off 潦倒；贫穷 一般不能置于名词之前.
badly off = poor = short of worse off情况较差
well off富裕 better off情况较好
My family was badly off in those days. 那些日子我家一贫如洗。
The school is now badly off for experienced teachers.
They are badly off. = They are not well off. = They are poor.
They are not exactly rich, but they are fairly well off.
She was badly off for a while after her husband died.
The government says that people are _______________ now than they have ever been.
They don’t seem too ______________---they have smart clothes and a nice house.
5. of late : lately , recently
What are you busy with of late?
at ( the ) latest 最晚；最迟 Be here on Monday at the latest.
你最迟必须在周五前完成工作。You must finish the task before Friday at the latest.
比较：late / later/ latter
6. occupy vt使忙碌；使从事; 占有 用法小结：
1). occupy意为 “take up or fill (time, space, sb’s mind, etc)” “占据，充满（时间，空间，某人的头脑等）”。
e.g. The speech occupied three hours. 发言工占去了三个小时。
A bed occupied the corner of the room. 一张床占去了房间的一角。
2). occupy意为 “take possession of and establish troops in (a country, position, etc)” “（军事）占领（国家、阵地等）”。
e.g. The army occupied the enemy’s capital. 军队占领了敌国首都。
3). occupy意为 “live in or have possession of (a house, land, etc)” “占用，占有（房屋、土地等）”。
e.g. The family have occupied the farm for many years. 这家人在农场已居住多年。
They occupy the house next door. 他们住在隔壁。
4). occupy oneself (in doing sth/with sth) “忙着（做某事）；忙（于某事）”。
e.g. How does he occupy himself now he is retired? 他既已退休，都如何打发日子呢？
He was occupied with /in writing a novel. 他忙于写小说。
be occupied in doing sth / with sth
= be busy doing sth / with sth
= occupy oneself in doing sth / with sth
When I arrived I saw the place was already ___ ____ by two strangers in uniforms.
A. occupied B. conquered C. possessed D. owned
occupied adj在使用中；已占有；不空闲
occupation n. 占有；占领；占用；工作，职业。
7. close up vt 关闭(商店等); vi.靠拢/靠近; 愈合
They went on strike and close up all the shops.他们继续罢工, 并且关闭了所有的商店.
The officer told his men to close up. 军官让士兵们靠拢.
The wound in his arm has begun to close up. 他臂上的伤口开始愈合.
The business has been closed up. 这家买卖已关闭.
close down倒闭 close round 笼罩 close to 接近/靠近=near
eg. Sorry madam, we’re closing up for lunch.______________________________
Speaking
Scrooge has no friends except his partner, Marley 除了他的合伙人玛利以外，斯克罗奇一个朋友也没有。
[点拨] except 介词，意思是“除了…以外”。Except用法小结：
1. except +名词
e.g. The restaurant is open everyday except Monday.
这家商店除星期一外，每天都营业。
2. except +代词
e.g. Everyone except me got an invitation.除了我以外，所有人都收到了请柬。
3. except +介词短语
e.g. He looked everywhere for the book except in the bedroom.
除了卧室以外，为找那本书他到处都找遍了。
4. except for + 名词/代词
e.g. Your composition is very good except for a few spelling mistakes.
你的作文除有几个字拼错外，其余都很好。
The bus was empty except for an old man. 除了一个老人而外，公共汽车是空的。
5. except+动词不定式
He desired nothing except to go abroad for further study.他只求出国深造，别无他求。
6. except + that从句
He has no special bad habit except that he smokes too much..
他没有什么特别的坏习惯，就是烟吸得太多。
7. except + when/where/why等从句
It happens every day, except when it rains.除非是下雨天，天天如此。
I understand everything except why she killed him.
我一切都明白，只是不理解她为什么把他杀死。
There are also cases of food polluted with poisons or bacteria. 也有一些食品受毒药或细菌污染的事例。
[点拨] case 此处意为“事例，事实，实例”。
e.g. Could you give us a concrete case? 你能给我们举个具体事例吗？
另外，case 还可意为“状况，情形；病例，患者；案件等”。
e.g. This is not the case in our country.在我国情况不是这样的。
He is the first case of cancer the young doctor has treated.
他是这位年轻医生医治的第一位癌症患者。
The case is in fovor of the defendant. 案情陈述有利于被告。
[点拨] case 短语总结
1. in case +从句 或者in case 作状语
意思是“because of the possibility of sth happening”“以防万一，万一”。
e.g. It may rain-take an umbrella with you in case (it does).你最好带把伞，以防万下雨。
2. in case of sth 意为“if sth happens” “假如，如果发生某事”。
e.g. In case of fire, ring the alarm bell. 遇火警时立即按警铃。
3. in any case意为“whatever happens or may have happened” “无论如何，总之”。
e.g. Be sure to try your best in any case. 无论如何都要尽你最大的努力。
4. in that case意为“if that happens or has happened; if that is the state of affairs” “既然那样；假如那样的话”。
e.g. You don’t like your job? In that case why don’t you leave?
你不喜欢这份工作？那你怎么不辞掉呢？
5. in no case意为“in no circumstances” “在任何情形下决不，无论如何都不”。
eg. He would in no case give in.他决不会屈服的。
Period II Reading
Teaching aims:
1. To develop the students’ reading ability by practicing skimming and detailed reading skills.
2. To enable the students to analyze the characters and enjoy the play A Christmas Carol.
3.To help the students to have a better understanding about Charles Dickens and his great works.
Teaching important＆difficult points
1. Learn how to analyze the characters in the play.
2. Help the students get the spirits of the play.
Teaching methods
1、Talking 2、Discussing 3、Students-centered approach
Teaching procedures:
Step1 Lead-in
Charles Dickens was the greatest representative of English critical novelist in the 19th century. He wrote 14 novels and many other short stories in his lifetime. His style was realistic and humors .He gave us a vivid picture of life of ordinary people. His works shows sympathy for the poor.
Step2 Scanning
1 When did this story happen?
2 How many people were mentioned?
3What was Ebenezer Scrooge? What kind of this man was?
4Who was Bob Cratchit? What did he want to do?
5 What did the gentlemen want Scrooge to do? Has he Promised ? What happened to Scrooge ?
Step3 Careful reading
Analyse of the characters in stories by typical language.
Main heroes What they say characteristic
Scrooge
1”I have to pay you a whole day’s”
Wages for no work. He says Humbug”
2”That’s an excuse for picking a man’s Pocket”.
3 Leave it alone Much good may it do you. 1 _______________
2 _______________
Bob
1”I’m too cold to write so I warm myself on the candle.”
2” I want a day off at Christmas”
3 Those who are badly off must go there _________________
Fred
“There are many things that do me good without bringing in profit” _________________
Santa He always says “Ho,ho,ho.” _________________
Step 4 Further reading
Choose the best answers
1. Christmas is traditionally celebrated on .
A. December 24 B. December 25 C. December 30 D. December 31
2. Which of the following is not true according to the dialogue?
A. The business is now owned by Scrooge and his partner, Marley.
B. Marley died on December 24th.
C. The gentleman tried to persuade Mr Scrooge to do something good for the poor.
D .Many thousands of people don’t have enough money to keep themselves warm.
3. Ebenezer Scrooge is .
A. a warm-hearted boss B. a lazy kind boss
C. a hospitable boss D. a greedy ungenerous boss
4. According to the dialogue,which of the following sentences is right?
A. Nothing happened when the clock struck one.
B. Scrooge’s eyes were wet because he had a cold.
C. The girl who used to love Scrooge has married another man.
D. Scrooge, a kind old man is always commenting on everything by saying “Humbug”.
5. In the sentence ,“He is cold, mean and selfish old man ”,“mean” is .
A.有技巧的 B.心情不好的 C.普通的 D.吝啬的
6. From the dialogue, we can infer .
A. Fred helps Scrooge become a helpful man
B. everyone does wish Ebenzer Scrooge a merry Christmas
C. Ebenzer scrooge corrects his mistakes and makes a fresh start
D. Scrooge’s partner, Marley died at Christmas
7. The main factor that makes Mr Scrooge change his mind is that .
A. he feels afraid the bad thing will happen to him in the future
B. he regrets what he did in the past
C. he is moved by what Santa Claus says
D. he loses his fortune and becomes a poor man himself
8. What can’t be concluded from the passage?
A. People usually have turkey for Christmas.
B. The place they live in is cold in winter.
C. Bob is quite astonished Scrooge’s generousness.
D. All the poor people can enjoy a merry Christmas now.
9. According to Fred, Christmas is the day of the year when people .
A. think of the past and look forward to the future B. put valuable things in their pockets
C. have dinner together D. show kindness to people and help others
10. Mr Scrooge is reluctant to open his heart to the poor because .
A. there are plenty of prisons in the world
B. he is poor himself
C. the union work houses can help the poor
D. he only cares about his own business and never shows kindness to others.
Step 5 Post reading. Answer the following questions
1．How does Ebenezer Scrooge treat people working for him?
2 What is the typical of Ebenezer?
3 What was the true spirit of Christmas according to Fred?
4 Scrooge’s last visitor said he was connected with his welfare. What does this sentence mean?
Step 6 Langrage study
1. too--- to 太。。。。而不能
I’m too excited to say a word.
He is too young to join the army.
=He is not old enough to join the army.
= He is so young that he can’t join the army.
若在该句式中用形容词kind, ready, anxious, glad, pleased, delighted, easy, willing, eager等，则往往不表示否定意义。
He is too excited to see his old friend again.
I’m only too glad to help you.
He’s too anxious to get home sooner.
can’t (can never) …too…
=can't/can never. . . enough 怎么也不过分
1)．你再怎么赞扬他也不过分。
__________________________________________________________
2). 过马路时，你再怎么小心也不过分。
___________________________________________________________
3). Would you like me to help you carry the box? I’m afraid it is ____ heavy for you.
A. so B. too C. that D. very
2. so what? (口)那又怎么样(表示不感兴趣或认为不重要)
1). “He doesn’t like you.” “so what?”
2). You say his father’s very rich. So what? He wouldn’t accept any help from his father, even if it were offered.
3). He’s won 1000.” “___ ___? He isn’t any happier.”
A. what if B. so what C. what about D. so far
3. That’s a poor excuse for picking a man’s pocket every twenty-fifth of December! 每年的十二月二十五日掏人腰包，这个借口不充分。
[点拨] poor 此处意为“不好的，不充分的，不充足的”。
e.g. We had a poor crop of wheat this year. 今年我们小麦歉收。
[点拨] pick sb’s pocket ---steal money, etc from sb’s pocket _____________
have one’s pocket picked __________________
e.g. He had his pocket _____________in the supermarket. 他在超市里遭扒窃了。
pick some flowers 摘花 pick out 挑选出；认出，看清楚。
Pick up 拾起 （便宜地）买到（无意中）学会接某人收听节目身体恢复，情况好转整理，收拾
4. do sb good = do good to sb 对。。。。有好处
do sb wrong = do wrong to sb 对待某人不公平；冤枉/委屈某人 do wrong做错事
do sb harm = do harm to sb 损害某人
do sb. /sth. damage =do damage to sb./sth. 对…造成破坏
Doing exercise will do good to your health. 做运动对你的身体有好处
You do me wrong ; I didn’t do that at all. 你误会我了，我根本没那么做。
They were accused of doing him bodily harm. 他们被控伤害他的人身。
5．Afford vt. 负担得起，抽得出（时间），经得起。。。。
常与 can, could, be able to等连用，且不用于被动语态
afford sth / to do sth
eg: The reason why we use oxen is that we can’t afford (to buy) a tractor.___________
这本书太贵了，我买不起. ___________________________________________
Period III Integrating Skills
Teaching aims and demands
(1) Get a better understanding of the text.
(2) Learn how to analyze the characters in the play.
(3) Help the students get the spirits of the play.
Teaching methods
1、Talking 2、Discussing 3、Students-centered approach
Teaching procedures & ways:
Step 1 Scanning & analysis
Divide the play into 3 parts. Try to find out what caused Scrooge to turn over a new leaf.
Find out something about the first scene
Place: ______________________.
Time: _________________________
Characters: ____________________________________
Event: __________________________
Reasons:
Second scene, Scrooge saw the Christmas party held in Bob Cratchit’s houses. Judge the following sentences True of False .
1.In the dream it was Christmas Eve and the Cratchits were having a Christmas dinner.
2. In the dream Tiny was ill but his father couldn’t afford the medicine for him.
3. These things really happened to the Cratchits.
4. On seeing the scene Scrooge wanted to change his life.
5. Scrooge ordered a big Christmas tree for the cratchits’.
Scene 3 From here we say the Scrooge turned over a new leaf. How did Bob Cratchit feel when he saw Scrooge and his turkey ?
A. Satisfied B. Interested C. Angry D. Surprised
He hadn’t expected that Scrooge would be so generous
Step 2 Language points
1. content n. 容量，含量；内容；要旨，要意。
adj. 满意的，满足的，甘愿的
v. 使满意，满足 （content oneself）
be content with: be satisfied with
be (well)content to do sth: be willing/ready to
The Smiths are ________ to live a simple life. 史密斯一家满足/ 乐于简朴的生活。
How about the __________ of the room /the book.（n. 房间里的东西/ 书的内容）
Jenny stared at her boyfriend with a __________ look / smile. (adj. 满意的， 满足的)
2. toast vt. 向…祝酒 n. 祝酒（可数）
Let’s propose a toast to the bride and bridegroom.
Let’s toast our friends.
Let’s drink a toast to your success.
3. take the place of 代替 in place 在其原来的/ 适当的位置 take one’s place 代替某人/ 就位 out of place 不合适，不恰当；不协调，不相称 take place 发生 in place of 代替
In the first place/ second… place 首先（其次等）
选择词组填空并注意适当的形式。
1). Tractors have now _______________________ horses and cows in most villages.
2). The task is carried out by robots ________________________ human workers.
3). Mr. Li is ill, and I’ve come to ____________________.
4). I hope you left all the books in the library ________________.
5). There are several reasons why I suggest that we abandon the project. ______________, we can’t afford it. In the second place…..
6). Your remarks were rather ____________________
4. warn vt. &vi 警告, 告诫, 提醒
warn sb. that…告诫/提醒某人… warn sb. to do sth.告诫/提醒/警告某人做某事
warn sb. against doing sth.=warn sb. not to do sth.
warn sb. of/against sb/sth.告诫/警告/提醒某人注意/提防某人/某事
The old worker warned us of the dangerous bridge.
Some of Brown’s friends warned him that he was in great danger.
People have been warned ___________________（要小心）
We warned them _______________________（别去滑冰）on such thin ice.
My parents warned my brother ________________.（不要抽烟）
I have been warned ___________________.（提防那个家伙）
有人提醒我们注意敌人. We are warned of our enemies.
The patient was warned ______oily food after the operation does good to his health.
A.to eat not B. not eating C. not to eat D. against eating
本单元重点词组：
I. Warming up
1. care for 喜欢，照顾
2. care about 关心，担心
3. safety measure 安全措施
4. fake food product 假冒食品
5. fake milk powder 假冒奶粉
6. an increasing problem 不断增加的问题
7. social conscience 社会良知
II. Reading
1. want/have a day off
= ask for a day’s leave 1 请一天假
2. pick a man’s pocket 掏某人口袋
3. leave sb alone别管他
4. do good to sb对某人有好处
5. bring in profit带来利润
6. be in want/need of急需
7. raise money 筹款
8. make a contribution 捐赠，作出贡献
9. afford to do sth供得起
10. be badly off穷困
11. make it short 长话短说，简而言之
12. close up （尤指暂时）关闭，使靠近
13. open one’s heart “敞开心扉”
Language study
1. love (n. ) for the poor 对穷人的爱
2. have no eye for 没眼力,没眼光,不关心,不注意
3. far from 远离，远远不，完全不
4. comment on 评论
5. of Dickens’ times 狄更斯时代
6. in favour of 支持，赞成
7. in praise of 表扬
8. in honour of 为纪念，为庆祝
9. in the face of 面对
10. in hopes of= in the hope of
= in the hope that 怀着。。。的希望
11. in search of 搜寻
12. in memory of 纪念，追念
13. turn the whole room upside down
把整个房间翻了个遍
14. turn down my suggestion拒绝接受我的建议
15. believe in信任某人
16. admit doing sth承认做了某事
17. end up with 以…结尾
18. as follows 如下
Integrating skills:
1. take one’s place 代替某人的位置
2. have an eye for：有眼力；有眼光，对…感兴趣
3. be content to do 满足于做某事
4. of late 最近，近来
5. on the contrary 相反地
6. toast to 为…举杯庆祝
7. twice the size of… 是…的两倍。
同步练习：
1. _______ in a dark room, the little girl was so frightened that she cried her eyes out.
A. Leaving alone B. Left alone C. Being left alone D. To be left alone
2.---I’ll ask our physics teacher to explain Newton’s Second Law of Motion she taught us yesterday.
---That’s just _____ most of the students still have doubt.
A. where B. why C. how D. what
3. Because the shop____, all the T-shirts are sold at half price.
A. has closed up B. had closed up C. is closing down D. closed down
4. ---We didn’t find Dan attending the lecture.
---No one ____ him about _____ a lecture the following day.
A.told, there to be B. had told, there to be
C. told, there was D. had told, there being
5. ---How about the book you are reading?
---Good indeed. It ________ many problems we have come across in our study.
A. says B. talks C. covers D. refers
6. ---What about going out this evening?
---Oh, I don’t know. I’ve got a bit of a headache. And ____, John’s coming to see me, so I ought to stay in.
A. however B. anybody C. anyway D.though
7. Rose is _____ a translation of a French novel.
A. occupied with B. engaged with C. absorbed to D. busy in
8.---I’d like to go to the movie with you, Dad.
---Sorry, my son, but only the grown-ups are ____ into the cinema.
A. required B. intended C. supposed D. admitted
9. That was really a splendid evening. It’s years ________ I enjoyed myself so much.
A. when B. that C. before D. since
10. He can always seize a chance whenever ________.
A. being offered B. offered C. to be offered D. offering
11. The actor threw himself from the horse as if ________.
A. to be shot B. being shot C. shooting D. shot
12. When ________ at the gate, he was greeted with a warm welcome.
A. having appeared B. appearing C. appeared D. had appeared
13. ---How about ________ we go to the zoo this afternoon?
---Good idea!
A. that B. whether C. if D. it
14. I appreciate ________ if you would turn the radio down.
A. that B. it C. that D. which
15. The teacher is grading the homework ________ the other day.
A. having been handed in B. handed in
C. that handed in D. being handed in
16. ________ it takes for us to reduce pressure is important to our emotional health, and crying seems to ________ well.
A. Whatever, work B. Whichever, help
C. However, function D. What, help
17. John is the only one of the students in the class that never ____________ a mistake even when it is pointed to him.
A. admit making B. admits making C. admit to make D. admits to make
18. Professor Smith doesn’t think that all bad languages should be allowed. In his opinion, there are _______ that should be kept up.
A. levels B. limits C. standards D. degrees
19. ___________ from her ________ appearances, she had a wonderful time at the party last night.
A. Being judged; excited B. To judge; excited
C. Having judged, exciting D. Judging; excited
20. ---- _________ I went to see the doctor, I had to wait more than one hour.
---- So you must make an appointment with the doctor ahead of time.
A. Every time B. While C. Even if D. Since
21. ________ so happened that he was not in when the fire broke out.
A. He B. There C. That D. It
22. The illness he’s caught can result in total blindness if _______untreated.
A. it is being B. left C. to leave D. one is left
23. Though expensive, a coat made of this material lasts longer than ________made of cotton.
A. that B. it C. the one D. one
24.. I had just gone to bed _________someone knocked at the front door loudly.
A. as B. when C. while D. after
25. You are ________by law to stop your car after an accident.
A. demanded B. required C. wanted D. ordered
26. -----I didn’t take notes at yesterday’s meeting because I had left my pen at home.
----You ___________ mine, I ________it.
A. must have borrowed; wasn’t using
B. may have borrowed; didn’t use
C. could have borrowed; wasn’t using
D. should have borrowed; hadn’t used
27. I ______ to go for a walk, but someone called and I couldn’t get away.
A. had planned B. planned C. was planning D. would plan
28. David has put on so much weight recently that his mother has to __________ all his trousers to his measure.
A. let out B. give away C. bring in D. make up
二、单词拼写
1. One of his a_________ is to become the President of the United States after he graduates from university.
2. In order to improve his living s_________, he had to work day and night.
3. ________________（就个人而言,I think she is dishonest, but many people trust her..
4. Though the job isn’t very exciting, he earns a good w________.
5. This country is __________ (丰富的) natural resources.
6. Charles Dickens is one of the greatest n_______ in the history of UK in the 19th century.
7. My classmate a___________ that he had taken my umbrella by mistake.
8. It was very f____________ of you to lend him so much money, for he never pays the money back.
9. There was no rain for so many days that the plants died from ________（短缺）of water.
10. All of us were touched by the w__________ of their welcome in that faraway village.
Unit One That must be a record
一、短语：
1. in a soccer career 在足球生涯
2．first edition 第一版
3. the then director 当时的厂长
4. settle an argument about…
处理一个关于……的争议
5.a best seller 畅销书
6. ever since 从…以来都
7. be sent into 被收入
8. set down = write down=put down 记下，写下
9.keep track of 保持联系
9.in other ways 以另外的方式
10. be put into被放入；被翻译成
11. live to be 122 years 活到122岁
12. reach a length of 长达……
13. with an area of 面积有…..
14.stand out 突出，显著
15.next to 次于，在….之后
16. struggle against disease 同疾病做斗争
17.be diagnosed with cancer被诊断为癌症
18. go on to do 继续做某事
19.achieve his goal 达到目标
20.in a row 连续；一连串
21.lead sb to do 使某人做某事
22. in the first place 首先
23. be entertained by….因为…而高兴
24. make for 可造成；可成为；有好处
25.set a record 创造纪录
26.apply for 申请
27.get a certificate 取得证书
28. make an effort to do sth.努力做某事
29.win the bid for the 29th Olympic Games in 申奥成功
30. burst into cheers 热烈欢呼
31. get a better understanding of 更好地了解
32. A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.
一鸟在手，胜于群鸟在林
33. break a record 打破纪录
34. in ancient times 在古代
35.try new tricks on 尝试新花样
36. head down 开往；朝向
37. a skilful skateboarder 一个技术熟练的滑板者
38. together with = as well as 和；也
39. give permission 准许
40. hold a grand opening 举行一个盛大的开幕式
41. have been around 遍布各地；深入人心
42. be familiar to sb 对于某人来讲很熟悉
43. capture the hearts and minds 捕捉心理
44. be willing to do 乐意做某事
45. extreme sports 极限运动
46. center on 以…为中心
47. overcome your fears 克服你的恐惧
48. regular sports 常规运动
49. defeat the other team 打败另一队
50. beauty, harmony and thrills 美感，和谐和刺激
51. have no clear rules about winning or losing
对胜负没有明确之分
52. heart beats faster 心跳加速
53. concentrate on 集中；全神贯注于
二、句型
1．The Guinness company hired two Englishmen to write what later became the Guinness Book of World Records.
2. The first edition was published in 1955 and has been a best seller ever since.
3. Impressive as the record is, it fades next to the story of Armstrong’s struggle against disease.
4. Part of the reason for our interest is probably the same curiosity that led sir Hugh to write the Guinness Book of World Records in the first place.
5. Whether we are out to set a new record ourselves or simply enjoy reading about champions, the Guinness Book of World Records makes for interesting reading.
6. All of our schoolmates were here, as well as many of our parents and other kids from the neighborhood.
7. Once you are Xperienced, your life will truly change.
三、部分知识点讲解。
1. then adj.（形容词）being so at that time:当时的：the then chairman of the board.当时的委员会主席
2. conclude vt. 作出结论，断定；终止； 决定
conclude that….
come to the conclusion that... 所得结论是..., 断定；draw the conclusion得出结论，推断
leap(jump) to a conclusion 冒然断定，过早下结论；in conclusion = lastly 最后,总之
The doctor concluded that the patient's disease was cancer.医生断定病人患的是癌症。
The judge concluded that the accused was guilty.法官判定被告有罪。
We concluded not to wait any more.我们决定不再等待了。
In conclusion I’ d like to say that you did it very well.
3. hire租用，租；雇用： take on, employ, rent
The fruit is picked by hired laborers.这些水果是由雇佣工采摘的。
This car is for hire.这辆车是出租的。
◆都含“租用”或“出租”的意思。
hire 有“雇”、“短期租借”的意思（人、物作宾语）；hire servants雇佣人。
hire a hall for an evening租礼堂用一晚上。
rent指“较长期地租用或租出(房屋、土地等)”（物作宾语）；rent a house租房子
4. what later became ….后来成为……的东西
1)what与that 在引导名词性从句时的区别：what的含义是“所……的东西”，在所有名词性从句中须充当一定的句子成分，而that则不充当任何句子成分且无词义。
He said (that) he was not interested in it. 他说他对这件事不感兴趣。(宾语从句)
He did what he could to help me.他尽力帮助我。(宾语从句)
That he was chosen made us very happy.他的当选使我们很高兴。(主语从句)
What we need is more time. 我们所需要的是多些时间。(主语从句)
They are just what we need.这些正是我们所需要的。(表语从句)
The reason why he didn't come was that he was badly ill.他没来的原因是他得了重病。(表语从句)
5. ever since (then) adv.从那时到现在， since then其后, 从此一直
◆since
①conj.从...以来; ...以后；因为; 既然; 鉴于；
We have both changed since we parted.分别以来我们彼此都变了。
It was three years since we had been there.我们在那儿已呆了三年。
Since that is so, there is no more to be said.既然如此, 再没什么可说的了。
②adv.（和完成时连用）(=since then)以后, 后来, 以来
I have not seen him since.(那时)以后我没见到过他。
6. set sth. down写下来
set sb. down 使坐；停车让乘客下车；
7. keep track of sb./ sth.；It’s hard to keep track of all one’s old school friends.
lose track of：lose track of time说不准现在的确切时间
8.live to be 活到 (不定式 to be 作结果状语)
She lived to be 80. 她活到了八十岁。
类似结构：
prove /turn to be…证明是；结果是
9. balance n. 天平；平衡；谐调，匀称；余额
Have you brought something to weigh the flesh? A balance?
balance of nature； keep/lose one’s balance
All the parts of the building are in perfect balance.
v. 使……保持平衡；结算；等价，抵消
How long can you balance on one foot?
balance an account / one’s books 结帐
This year’s profits will balance our previous losses.
10. stand out突出；杰出；明显；醒目；坚持；支撑；容忍；允许
to stand out a crisis挨过危机； Stand still ! 站住，不许动！
stand by 在场；靠近; 袖手旁观； stand by one's promise 遵守诺言
stand down退出竞选;离开证人席； stand for代表，表示；意指；象征
stand in当替身；代替； stand up耐久；耐用; 成立
Will the charge stand up in court? 这个指控在法庭上能成立吗？
stand up for维护；拥护；支持
11. next to 在……旁边；跟在……之后；几乎，近于；仅次于
He lives next to me.
Next to skiing her favorite sport was ice-hockey.我最喜欢的运动是滑雪，其次是冰球。
next to impossible 几乎不可能
next to last 倒数第二
next to nothing（none）差不多没有, 很少
12. Impressive as the record is, it fades next to the story of Armstrong’s struggle against disease.
◆As 引导让步状语从句（部分倒装）（课后注释）
Impressive as the record is = Though the record is impressive
Angry as he was, he listened to me patiently. 他很恼火，却能耐心地听我说话。
The air was cold, bright as the sun was. 虽然阳光灿烂，天气却很冷。
Child as he is, he knows a lot.
◆复习：though, although, in spite of, despite
◆fade vi. 从视觉﹑听觉或记忆中渐渐消失
The sound of the cheering faded away in the distance. （＝died away）欢呼声在远方渐渐消失。
As evening came, the coastline faded into darkness.夜幕降临时，海岸线消失在黑暗中。
The memory of her son will never fade from her mind.她永远忘不了她的儿子。
13. set a record
beat（break, cut）the（a）record 打破记录；hold record保持记录；keep a record (of) 记下来, 记录；set (up) a new record创新纪录
14. achieve one’s goal
in a row 连续， 一连串 ；in rows 成行， 成排，排列着
China women volleyball team won five champions in a row in the 1980s.
They planted the trees in rows.
15. in the first place首先, 第一点；in the last place最后；in the next place其次, 第二点； ；in place of 代替,用...而不用…；in places 在某些地方, 有几处；in one’s place处于某人的位置, 为某人设身处地想一想；make place for为……腾出地方, 让位于； take one's place就座, 入座; 占有 地位;代替某人; 接替某人的位置；take the place of 代替；take place发生, 举行
The darkest place is under the candlestick. [谚]灯台只照人不照己(意指当事者往往最不了解情况)。
There is no place like home. [谚]作客固佳, 在家更好; 在家千日好, 出门一时难。
16. make for v. ①有利于，有助于；②(尤指匆匆地)走向, 倾向于, 导致；向……前进
Small details can make for comfort. 一些小节可令人舒适。
This visit made for better communication between us.这次访问促进了我们之间的更好的交流。
The large print makes for easier reading.大号字体便于阅读。
Does early rising make for good health? 早起有利于健康吗？
17.apply for vi.申请
◆apply ( to sb.) for sth.向(某人)申请某物 ；apply to do sth. 申请干某事
◆ vt. 应用；运用 apply sth. to sth.
◆ vi.适用;产生作用;有直接联系：apply to sb./ sth. ；apply oneself to (doing) sth. =devote oneself to (doing) sth. 专心从事/埋头于…
application n. u申请,请求，n. c申请书；applicant n.c 申请人；applicable adj.使用的，合适的
18. confirm vt.
19. result vi.; n.
result in=lead to/cause/bring about 导致
result from…=be caused by 由…导致/造成
His carelessness resulted in failure. 他的粗心造成了失败。
Failure resulted from his carelessness. 失败是由他的粗心导致的。
20.be fascinated by 被…迷住；be fascinated with迷上…
21. burst into sth.=burst out doing sth. 突然而猛烈地发出或产生某物
~ into cheers/laughter/tears/screams＝burst out cheering/laughing/crying /screaming突然喝彩/大笑/大哭/尖叫
22 head 前往；朝向；head down to ；head for（更常用）；head north
When I saw the car heading for me, I stepped aside.
Clouds are gathering. I think we’d better head for the hotel in case it starts to rain.
23. inspect[In5spekt] vt.①检查；审查；②视察；调查
He inspected the car before he bought it.他买这辆车之前仔细检查了一下。
The government sent sb. to inspect our school.政府派人来视察我们学校。
24. be around来(访)，come around来(访)；到来
25. an outgoing personality开朗的性格
a warm, outgoing personality.热情友好的个性
26. ◆familiar
sb. be familiar with sth. 某人对…熟悉/通晓； sb. be familiar with sb.与某人过分亲热；sth. be familiar to sb. 为某人所熟悉；familiarity n. 熟悉，亲密；◆similar：
be similar to 与…相似/类似；similarity n. 相似，相似之点
27.A new generation of sports is capturing the hearts and minds of people who are willing to try something new. 新一代的体育运动占据了想尝试新鲜事物的人们的所有心思。
capture: vt. 捕获；占领；赢得
Our task was to capture a number of these monkeys alive. 我们的任务是活捉许多猴子。
He captured first place in the men’s broad jump with a leap of 7.51 meters.
他以7.51米的成绩取得了男子跳远的第一名
28 center v.
(1) center on /upon 将…当作中心或重点; 集中于
Their talks always center on politics. 他们的谈话总是围绕着政治。
The discussion centers on the most important questions.
(2) center sth. on /upon 将某物集中在…上/集中于….
29 concentrate vt.
1) 集中：~ (one’s thought/attention…) on/upon…集中(思想/注意力…) 于…
We must ~ our attention on efficiency. 我们必须把注意力集中在效率上。
2) 聚集, 集结＝center
Our population is concentrated in the big cities. 我国人口集中在大城市里。
concentrate on/upon全神贯注;专心致志于；全力以赴；专心
She couldn't concentrate on a book very long. 她不能长时间专心读一本书。
n. concentration camp 集中营
30.delight n.
1) 欣喜,愉快 [U]＝joy
to one’s delight令…高兴的是 ；with delight兴高采烈/高兴地 ；take/find delight in以…为乐
2) 乐事,乐趣[C] He enjoyed the delights of New York's night life. 他喜欢纽约夜生活的乐趣。
vt. 使高兴；使愉快=please
The clown ~ed the audience. 小丑逗乐了观众。
I'm delighted that you are back. 你回来了,我很高兴。
We were delighted to read your novel. 我们很高兴拜读你的小说。
be delighted by/with sth. 因…而高兴
31.register
1) vt.登记,注册,申报; (仪表等)标示,;记录=read
He went to the city hall to register the birth of his son. 他去市政厅为他儿子作出生登记。
The thermometer registered 70 degrees. 温度计显示七十度。
2) vi.登记,注册
I registered at a hotel near the train station. 我在靠近火车站的一家旅馆登记住宿
Unit 2 Crossing Limits
一、课程标准要求掌握的项目：
1. 话题： Talking about exploring the world.
2. 词汇：evaluate, various, key, origin, equip, puzzle, wealthy, Asian, African, ambassador, wander, motherland, existence, navy, treasure, command, royal, embassy, zebra, volunteer, radium, dam, suggest, accomplish, sickness, unable, sacred, refer, aircraft, arise, evidence, chairman, praise, in the name of, in exchange for, set sail, in return, bring up, apart from, refer to, run out
3. 功能：形式评估和做出决定：Judging situation and making decisions
…, all nations in the world agreed…
Some would say…
We should, however, realize…
二、课文中出现的词组
1. make decisions about… 做出…决定
2. take possession of… 占有，占领
3. in the name of… 以……名义
4. be equipped with… 配备，装备
5. a state key project 国家重点工程
6. masses of… 大量的
7. have contact with…接触到…，和…有联系
8. in exchange for… 交换
9. be known to sb. 为某人所知
10. on/ off the coast of…在……海岸
11. be taken prisoner 被俘获
12. refer to…查阅, 提到, 谈到,涉及
13. date from=date back to…自某时代存在至今，追溯到，属于（某一历史时期），始于
14. reach the height of one’s power 达到了权利的顶峰
15. have the will to do sth.有意做……
16. under the command of…在…的指挥下
17. set sail 扬帆起航
18. renew relations with…恢复和……的关系
19. in return 作为回报
20. apart from 远离，除……之外
21. adjust to… 适应，调节，调整
22. rely on 依赖，依靠
23. run out 用完；耗尽; 强使离去；驱逐 25．make an attempt to do sth.试图做……
26. leave behind 留下，遗留
27．base on 以…为基础，以…为根据
28．argue for / against 赞成/反对…
29．lose one’s interest in…对……失去兴趣
30．in search of / in one’s search for…寻找
31．concentrate on…集中，全神贯注于……
32．be active in =take an active part in 积极参加…
33．by accident =by chance 偶然
34．more or less 或多或少，几乎
35．hear about/ of 听说
36．turn out to be…结果是， 证明是
37．sail westward 向西航行
38．on earth 在世上，究竟
39．act as 担当
40．bring up照料，教育（小孩）；抚养
41. make / find one’s way to… 行进，前行
42．be up against 面临，必须对付（困境或对手）
43． make a voyage /journey / trip
go on a voyage / journey / trip
44. a large sum of money 一大笔钱
45. be praises as… 被誉为…
46．in common with…和……一样
三、句型
1. It is well known that Africa had contacts with India and the Red Sea civilizations form the earliest times.
2. It was a major development that the Africans were reaching out to China.
3. The wonderful gift and the contact with the black court so excited China’s curiosity about Africa that Zheng He sent a message to the king and to other African states, inviting them to send ambassadors and open embassies in the new Ming capital, Beijing.
4. The exchange of goods had a symbolic meaning far more important than the value of the goods themselves.
5. All that was left to be conquered was the “third pole”, the highest mountain on earth, Mount Qomolangma.
6. some suggested that it not be accomplished.
7. Climbing at such high altitudes requires great skill and is not without risk.
8. Apart from the cold, thin air and low oxygen levels can cause mountain sickness, which can kill.
9. They had no idea what they were up against and failed to reach the top.
10. The local Tibetans and Sherpas laughed at the strange bottles containing what they referred to as “English air”.
11. In later years the question arose who was the first in the team to reach the top.
12. When their oxygen ran out, they had no chance of surviving.
13. The New Zealander Edmund Hillary and the Sherpa Tenzing Norgay, as members of a British team, were the first to make it to the summit of Mount Womolangma.
14. Tasman sailed past Australia without seeing the continent, but discovered Tasmania and the west coast of New Zealand, which he thought was part of the southern continent.
15. What he needed was a new pair of glasses because what he had seen were not people but penguins.
16. He was positive about the existence of a large unknown continent, and believed its northern coast to be lying somewhere in the Pacific Ocean.
17. Unable to find it, he decided to set sail for New Zealand, which had already been discovered by the Dutch.
三、部分知识点讲解
1．various adj．各种各样的。不同的
He analyzed the various factors． 他分析了各种不同因素。
Of all the various ways of cooking an egg，I like boiling best．
various，varied都可作“各种各样的”解，大部分情况下可通用，但varied可表示“正在变化之中的”，如：a varied life。
2．in the name of以……的名义。代表
I arrest you in the name of the law． 我以法律的名义逮捕你。
The prime minister spoke in the name of the King．部长代表国王讲话。
I opened an account in the bank in your name．我以你的名义在银行开了一个账号。
by name用(靠、按)名字，名叫；by the name of名叫……；of the name of名字叫……；name after以……命名
3．accurate adj．精确的。准确的。正确无误的
His information was accurate．他的信息很准确。accurate强调“精确无误”。如：
in accurate calculation精确的计算
correct按一定标准没有差错。如：I correct answer正确的答案
right很多情况下可与correct互换，但常有道德上认可的含义，如：
the right course of action正确的行动方针
4. suggest vt．
(1)提议，建议。后跟动名词、that从句(从句中谓语动词用should do，should可省略)
suggest sth．to sb．
He suggested the idea to me． 他向我提出那种想法。
I suggest going there at once．我建议立刻去那里。
The teacher suggested that we do our homework now．老师建议我们现在就做作业。
(2)使人想起，暗示
His pale face suggests that he is i11．他的苍白的脸色表明他病了。
5. accomplish vt．达到(目的)。完成(任务)，实现(计划)
This task is accomplished by great effort．完成这项任务花了很大力气。
He accomplished a great deal during his first year．第一年他就取得了很多成绩。
It is the workers who will accomplish this task．就是工人们将完成这项任务。
accomplish指做到底，实现一个计划，如：
to accomplish a trip完成一次旅行
finish指完成日常的事，如：
He finished the homework．他完成了作业。
complete指加上缺少的部分，如：
to complete the sentence把句子补充完整
6. apart from除……外
He works until nine o‘clock every evening，and that’s quite apart from the work he does over the weekend．他每天晚上工作到9点，这还不算他周末加班。
Apart from the salary，ifs not a bad job．除工资(偏低)外，这工作不错。
Apart from you and me，I don’t think there was anyone there under thirty．
除你我之外，我认为没有人在30岁以下。
There can be no knowledge apart from practice．
不可能有脱离实践的知识。
归纳拓展：apart from , in addition(to) , besides, as well (as) ,except for ,except, but
(1)apart from这个复合介词兼有“除外”和“包括”的双重意义。
(2)以下短语或单词意义相近，均表示“除……之外还有 ……”这一“附加”意义。
in addition(to) besides as well(as)
(3)以下短语或单词均表示“除……之外没有……”这一“排除”意义。
except for except but
7．arise vi．出现。发生；由……引起。由……发生
A difficulty arose right here． 困难就在这里。
How did the quarrel arise? 这次争吵是怎么引起的?
Originally，organic compounds were thought to arise from life processes．
最初有机化合物是由生命过程产生的。
rise vi．升起，上涨；raise vt．举起，提高，提升，提出；饲养(羊、鸡等)，抚养(子女等)，招募(军队等)，募捐(钱等)。
8．in exchange for交换。互换
He gave me an apple in exchange for a cake． 他给我一个苹果，换一块蛋糕。
They were given food and shelter in exchange for wor用劳动换取食物和栖身之处。
9．bring up教育；养育；提出；引出；呕吐；to bring up the question提出问题
She was brought up by her grandparents． 她是由爷爷奶奶带大的。
He brought up all the food he had eaten． 他把吃下的食物都呕吐出来了。
归纳拓展：bring in获利；赚；bring about带来，引起；bring down使……降低
The boys bring in￡60 a week． 这些男孩子每周赚60镑。
How much did the sideline bring the farmer family in last year?
去年副业使这家农户增加了多少收入?
The Internet has brought about big changes in the way we work．
因特网使我们的工作方式发生了很大变化。
We’d better wait till they bring down their prices． 我们最好等他们降价。
§2．2发散思维
run out of用光。用尽
We are running out of water． 我们的水要用尽了。
We ran out of petrol yesterday． 昨天我们用光了汽油。
比较：All our supply of food has run out． 我们所有的食品供应都用光了。
We decided we had better go home，before our money ran out．
我们决定最好在钱用光之前回家。
表示“用光、用尽”的还有：use up，give out
All those I had are used up．我所有的都用光了。
They have used up their money．他们用光了钱。
The fuel gave out．燃料用光了。
You can’t have a hot bath-the water will give out．你不能洗热水澡了。要没水了。
从以上例子可看出，虽然这些词组都表示“用光、用完”，但use up，run out of为及物动词，而run out，give out为不及物动词。
归纳拓展：run into遇上，偶然遇到；陷于，碰上(困境、麻烦等)
I ran into Emma on my way home．我在回家的路上碰到了Emma。
If you run into difficulties，try to overcome them．如遇困难，要努力去克服。
Unit 3 The Land down under
一、课程标准要求掌握的项目
1、话题：Talking about Australia history, geography, nature, customs and culture
2、词汇：strait, islander, fellow, criminal, govern, governor, resemble, diverse, transform, immigration, strengthen, differ, pronunciation, vocabulary, female, concept, chew, chairwoman, entire, mine, fence, outdoors, birthplace, outing, lemonade, barbecue, roast, steak, barrier, pointed, claw, hairy, medium, bushy, as a consequence (of), break out, feed…on, round up
3、功能：复习表达禁止与警告的日常用语（Expressing prohibitions and warnings ）
Look out! Be careful! Take care! Don’t (do)…, Never (do)…, you’d better (not do)…
You can’t / mustn’t…, If you…, you’ll…, you are not allowed to
4、词组
1) stay safe 保持安全
2) an experienced outback guide
3) a ten-day trip 十天的旅行
4) go bushwalking/cycling/surfing
去灌木丛中散步/去骑自行车/去冲浪
5) warn sb. of…提醒某人注意/提防……
6) be made up of…=consist of 由……组成
7) be surrounded by…被……包围
8) stand for…代表
9) be used to do /be used to doing…
10) the first Australians 首批澳大利亚人
11) at least 至少
12) be chosen as…被选为……
13) be known as…被称之为……
14) be harmful to…对……有害
15) as a consequence 结果
16) take away from 剥夺
17) have an influence on…=have an effect on/upon =influence sb/sth =affect sb/sth
18) suffer from…遭受
19) transform…into…把……转变成
20) benefit from…受益于 21) improve one’s living conditions
22) differ from…be different form 与……不同get away from 逃离
23) daily life 日常生活
24) set foot on…踏上……
25) sense of responsibility 责任感
26) be connected to…与……相连接
27) lay eggs 产卵，下蛋
28) feed…on…用……喂养
29) give birth to 生产，产生
30) keep out (of )不使……入内
31) round up 聚拢
32) depend on 依赖，依靠，取决于
33) all the year round 一年到头
34) on an open fire 在篝火上
35) hand down 传下来
36) become /be experienced at 在……有经验
37) lack of 缺乏
38) die from 死于……
39) in addition to…除……之外
40) be intended for…
41) other than 不同于，除了
5. 句型
1. Sydney is perhaps Australia’s most famous city, but the capital of Australia is Canberra, a city located between Sydney and Melbourne.
2. Some Australian Aborigines still live in a similar way to their ancestors, while others live in cities, towns and the country in the same way as their fellow Australians.
3. Later, when the American War of Independence made it impossible for England to send prisoners to North America, Australia was chosen as a new place where prisoners and criminals were sent.
4. It would be many years until Australia learnt to respect Aborigines and recognize the importance of a diverse society.
5. While some of the Aboriginal languages have been lost, people are trying hard to protect and record what is left.
6. Scientists have discovered that the Aborigines were among the first to create rock art and to make tools.
7. It was not until the 1960s that the Australian government came to realize the importance of passing laws to strengthen the rights of the “first Australians”.
8. Only in this way could the people in Australia build a society of diverse cultures.
9. Having been separated from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plant and animals that cannot be found anywhere else in the world.
10. In area it is approximately the same size as the USA ,which, however, has more than fourteen times as many people.
6． 部分知识点讲解：
people 的含义
（1） 相当于persons (一个以上的人) There are many people in the room
（2） 指persons in general 人们。What will people think of this?人们将如何看待这件事？
（3） 指all the ordinary members of a state 人民（与the连用）serve the people heart and soul
（4） 指those persons who live in a particular place or have a particular nationality 某一地的居民或具有某一国籍的人民。the people of London 伦敦居民，the British people 英国人民
（5） 指nation (民族)，race （人种），tribe (部落)等，此时people为单数，其复数形式为peoples
the peoples of the world 世界各民族；Europe is made up of many peoples.
典型例题：The Chinese people(人民)are a hardworking people (民族)。
fellow 的含义
（1） 人，男人 Paul is an easy-going sort of fellow.保罗是个随和的人。
（2） 朋友（用语友好地称呼男人）。Hello my dear fellow!你好，亲爱的朋友！
（3） 伙伴们（指工作的同事或学校的同学）He’s much more serious than his school fellows.
（4） [重要学会的]会员，[学院的]董事，研究员
（5） [形容词] 同事，同学，同胞等；She ignored her fellow passengers throughout the whole journey.
claim vt（根据权利）要求，认领，索赔; 自称；主张
Did you claim on the insurance after your car accident?
She claims that she is related to the Queen.
She claims to be related to the Queen.
as a consequence 结果，后果
as a consequence= in consequence/as a result
After graduation, he became quite lazy. As a consequence, he lost what he owned.
in consequence of =as a result of/because of/due to/owing to
In consequence of his rudeness, he was fired by his boss
make up 和解,和好;虚构,编造;化妆;补偿,弥补;凑钱 be made up of 由……组成
It is very hard to make up the quarrel between the couple.
Don’t make up any excuse to cheat me.
I find no time to make myself up every day.
Hard work can make up for a lack of intelligence.
Have you made up the money for your class?
while
(1) while并列连词，表示对比或对照 Mr Smith is a play writer while his wife is a famous actress.
⑵while当……的时候，引导时间状语从句 While working in the office, he found a stranger steal in.
⑶while表示让步，“虽然，尽管” While the parents love the children, they are strict with them.
【知识链接】
1、走近作者
朱自清，(1898-1948)原名自华，号秋实，后改名自清，字佩弦。原籍浙江绍兴，生于江苏东海，后随祖父、父亲定居扬州。幼年在私塾读书，受中国传统文化的熏陶。他是“五四”爱国运动的参加者，受五四浪潮的影响走上文学道路。朱自清有著作7种，共约190万字，包括诗歌、散文、文艺评论、学术研究等。《春》、《背影》、《荷塘月色》都是脍炙人口的名篇。北京解放前夕，患胃病辞世。
2、相关资料
本文大致写于在1928年到1937年之间。 1929年10月，朱自清送夫人武钟谦回扬州养病，同年11月26日，武钟谦去世，葬于念四桥祖茔，时年仅32岁，遗下三子三女。这个时期，正是作者彷徨苦闷而埋头于古典文学研究的阶段，因此，对于春天，只能是牧歌式地抒唱。
【自主学习】
1、给下列加点字的读音：
酝酿( ) 抖擞( ) 应和( ) 嘹亮( )
稀疏( ) 安巢( ) 撑伞( ) 黄晕( )
2、《春》是一篇_______(体裁)作者_______，字_______。现代散文家、_______、_______。他的散文，清新而真挚，散文代表作有__________、__________、__________ 。
3、解释下列词语。
欣欣然：
朗润：
酝酿：
繁花：
赶趟儿
呼朋引伴：
花枝招展：
4、指出下列句子运用的修辞手法。
①山朗润起来了，水涨起来了，太阳的脸红起来了。( )
②小草偷偷地从土里钻出来了。( )
③“吹面不寒杨柳风”，不错的，像母亲的手抚摸着你。( )
一、看拼音写汉字。
tuō jiānɡ tūn shì ē nuó wū nǚ kū lonɡ zhāo lái
（ ） （ ） （ ） （ ） （ ）
yōu zāi yóu zāi juàn yì yǎn yì liáo yá
（ ） （ ） （ ） （ ）吞 噬 婀 娜 巫 女 窟 窿 招 徕 优 哉 游 哉 倦 意 演 绎 獠 牙
二、形近字组词。
缰（ ）掠（ ）姆（ ）杞（ ）獠（ ）拔（ ）幕（ ）
疆（ ）琼（ ）拇（ ）妃（ ）燎（ ）钹（ ）慕（ ）
三、课文理解
1、课文是按什么顺序写的，写了关于藏戏的哪些内容？
2、结合课文，用自己的话说一说藏戏的形成与特色。
3、比较一下《北京的春节》与《藏戏》在写法上的异同。
4、词语理解。剧种：戏剧艺术的种类。 咆哮：形容水流的奔腾轰鸣，也可形容吞噬：噬：咬。吞食。 雄浑：本课指歌声雄壮浑厚。
**：本课指喇嘛教中用转世制度继位压抑：的上层喇嘛。
女巫：以装神弄鬼替人祈祷为职业的女 敦厚：忠人。
演绎：一种推理方法，由一般原理推出关招徕：于特殊情况下的结论。本课、理解优哉：优：美好，舒服；哉：语气词，开山鼻祖：开山：佛教用语，名山创
两面三刀：比喻阴险狡猾，当面一套，背地一套。
随心所欲：随：听任；欲，想要，希
[《藏戏》预习测试题 导学案(人教版六年级)]
★ 兰亭序集预习学案
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