这里小编给大家分享一些翻译资格考试一级笔译练习题精选（共含8篇），方便大家学习。同时，但愿您也能像本文投稿人“小薯有薯片”一样，积极向本站投稿分享好文章。
如何吸引更多中国游客?
程学源大使在斯里兰卡主流媒体发表专栏文章
7月23日
在来到斯里兰卡之前，我难以想象在这六万多平方公里的土地上，遍布着这么多的世界奇观。康提湖的湖光山色，加勒古城的烂漫古朴，科伦坡的绚丽多彩，狮子岩的惊险刺激，都让人赞叹不已。许多中国游客都像我一样被这些美景所吸引。
在中国驻斯里兰卡使馆的大力支持和推动下，中国赴斯里兰卡的旅游人数已达到每年近30万人次，在斯迎来的外国游客中数量稳居前列。但与同为中国近邻的泰国相比，斯里兰卡所吸引的中国游客数量却又不值得一提了，赴泰中国游客已突破千万。
究其原因，我想主要有几个方面。首先是语言障碍。很多中国游客不习惯英语运用，更不懂僧伽罗语等当地语言，中文导游陪同和讲解十分必要，而斯里兰卡当地懂中文的导游人数又极少，但又不允许中国的导游陪同游客前来。另一方面，中国人对中国美食情有独钟，出门在外仍然是“中国胃”，但由于工作签证很难申请，开办中餐厅很不容易，所以斯里兰卡的中餐厅数量有限，有时无法满足中国游客的需求。此外，中国游客习惯了中国烟酒，在斯旅游期间无法买到中国烟酒，甚至不允许携带本人自用的少量中国香烟，这种在很多其他国家所没有的限制让中国游客不习惯。
事实上，这些便利性、体验感和幸福感恰恰是中国游客最为关注的一点，也是他们决定旅游目的地的关键因素之一。我注意到前不久泰国国家旅游局答中国记者问时强调，20该局对中国市场的推广重点在增加便利性和幸福感上，希望到达泰国的中国朋友得到高品质的旅游体验。
中国是全球最大的游客来源地，中国出境旅游人数、境外旅游消费已连续多年位居世界第一。中国旅游市场的庞大是其他很多国家无法比拟和想象的，而旅游业带动的航空、酒店、交通和餐饮等其他行业的增长也是相当可观的。当前中斯关系发展已进入快车道，两国正如火如荼地共建“一带一路”，各领域交往日益频密，中斯旅游合作的前景亦十分广阔。
如果斯里兰卡能不断改善旅游环境，像泰国一样关注提升游客的舒适度，切实解决前面所说的那些对中国游客的障碍，我相信未来会有更多的中国游客慕名而来，为斯里兰卡带来更多的消费，也为当地经济增长注入更强劲的动力。
How to Attract More Chinese Tourists to Sri Lanka?
Published by Ambassador Cheng Xueyuan on Sri Lankan Newspaper
23 July
Before being nominated as the Chinese Ambassador to Sri Lanka and arriving at the country to assume my office, I could hardly imagine that there are so many world wonders on this tropical island of over 60,000 square kilometers. The graceful lake and mountains of Kandy, the quaint and ancient city of Galle, the gorgeous and colorful Colombo, and the breathtaking thrills of Lion Rock are all amazing and stunning. Many Chinese tourists have been attracted to these beautiful sceneries with pleasant surprise like me.
With the strong support and promotion of the Sri Lankan government as well as the Chinese Embassy in Sri Lanka, the number of Chinese tourists to Sri Lanka has reached nearly 300,000 annually and ranks the top among foreign tourists to Sri Lanka. However, this number is only a peanut while comparing with the number of Chinese tourists attracted by Thailand, which is also a neighbor of China. In , Chinese tourists to Thailand have exceeded 10 million.
The reasons mainly include following aspects. Firstly is language barrier. Many Chinese tourists are not accustomed to English language, much less the Sinhalese or Tamil language. Chinese-speaking tour guides’ accompany and interpretation is a must for them. But there are very few Chinese-speaking local guides here, and Chinese guides are prohibited from entering Sri Lanka and accompanying with tourists. Besides, Chinese people always have “Chinese stomach” when traveling. They show strong preference to Chinese food. However, it is difficult for a Chinese chef to obtain a working visa to work in or set up a Chinese restaurant. Therefore, the number of Chinese restaurants in Sri Lanka is limited and sometimes cannot meet needs of Chinese tourists. In addition, a large percentage of Chinese tourists are accustomed to Chinese tobacco and alcohol, which is a reality that the tourism industries in Sri Lanka has to consider seriously, although it is not healthy at all and should not be encouraged. The tourists cannot buy Chinese tobacco and alcohol during their stay, and even not allowed to bring a few Chinese cigarettes with them for their personal own use when entering this island. These restrictions make Chinese tourists unaccustomed, which don’t exist or at least have some level of exemption or tolerance in many other countries.
In fact, conveniences, experiences and happiness are precisely what Chinese tourists most care about, and one of the key factors in their decision-making of travel destinations. I noticed that the Tourism Authority of Thailand emphasized in an interview that the promotion of the Chinese market in 2019 will focus on increasing convenience and happiness, hoping all Chinese friends in Thailand would enjoy high-quality experience.
China is the world’s largest source of tourists with large scale of outbound tourists and ranks No.1 in overseas consumption in the world for many years. The size of China’s tourism market is too huge to imagine and compare by many other countries. The growth of related industries such as aviation, hotels, transportation and catering promoted by the tourism industry is also considerable. At present, the Sino-Sri Lanka relations has stepped into a fast development period. The implementation of Belt and Road Initiative between the two countries is in full swing, the exchanges in various fields are increasingly frequent, and the prospect for Sino-Sri Lanka tourism cooperation is also promising.
I’m fully confident that if Sri Lanka could continuously improve the tourism environment, focus on improving the comfort of foreign tourists as much as Thailand, adjust relevant regulations in accordance with Sri Lankan laws, ease the existing obstacles for foreign tourists effectively, more and more Chinese tourists will be attracted to Sri Lanka, which will stimulate tourism, consumption and stronger vitality to local economy growth.
中国新疆好地方
驻尼日利亚大使周平剑在《人民报》发表署名文章
2019年7月26日
新疆是中国五个少数民族自治区之一，占全国国土总面积六分之一，常住人口约2500万。
7月21日，中国国务院新闻办公室发表《新疆的若干历史问题》白皮书，从历史、宗教、民族、文化等角度，明确阐述新疆是中国领土不可分割的一部分，新疆各民族、各文化是中华民族、中华文化的组成部分。尼日利亚拥有超过250个民族，是非洲人口最多的国家，同样中国也是统一的多民族、多宗教国家。
一段时间以来，一些西方政客、媒体不断攻击中国政府对新疆的治理，诬称新疆出现“大规模侵犯人权”的“集中营”，这完全是耸人听闻、恶意捏造。
三个月前，我第四次前往新疆，一周时间里实地参访当地的教培中心，与教师、学员和学员家属当面交流。我参观了教室、宿舍、食堂、运动场，到处窗明几净，学员欢声笑语。学员们的国语水平和法律意识明显增强。进行缝纫、美发、电子商务等实训的学员动作娴熟，乐在其中。学员对未来充满信心，家属也感到欣慰。
许多参访过教培中心的外国朋友都说，他们看到的是勤奋的学员们和快乐的校园，所谓“集中营”指控不攻自破。6月18日至21日，15个国家和组织常驻日内瓦代表和主要外交官参观访问新疆，与社区群众、农民、教师、学生等面对面交流。尼日利亚常驻日内瓦代表卡迪里大使说：“我之前看过一些媒体对新疆职业技能教育培训中心的负面报道，和我今天亲眼看到的事实完全不同，他们的报道是虚假的。建立职业技能教育培训中心是中国反恐工作的一种新尝试，这种尝试非常好。”7月12日，包含尼日利亚在内37个国家常驻日内瓦大使联名致函联合国人权理事会主席和人权高专，积极评价中国新疆人权事业发展成就和反恐、去极端化成果，支持中国在涉疆问题上的立场。我们对尼方朋友的支持表示赞赏和感谢。
今年是中华人民共和国成立70周年。70年来中国发生历史性变化，人权事业取得历史性进步。中国已成为世界第二大经济体，去年国内生产总值突破13.6万亿美元，形成了世界上最大规模的中等收入群体，连续多年对世界经济增长贡献率超过30%。过去40年我们减少了7.4亿贫困人口，近14亿中国人不愁吃不愁穿，到20将实现一个不落的全面脱贫，创造人类发展和减贫史上新的伟大奇迹。这是最大的人权工程，最好的人权故事，也是中国对世界人权事业的最重要贡献。
至于新疆正在发生什么变化?我想从四个方面与尼方朋友分享真实故事：
第一、新疆经济发展取得巨大进步。70年来，特别是1978年以来，新疆经济持续平稳高质量发展，20地区生产总值近亿美元。各族人民生活水平大幅提高，城镇、农村居民人均可支配收入分别超过4800美元和1700美元。以就业、教育、医疗、社保等为重点的惠民工程持续推进。至2018年，全疆累计实现230万人脱贫，贫困发生率由19.4%下降至6.1%。今明两年将实现81.71万人脱贫，确保到年现行标准下的农村贫困人口全部脱贫、消除绝对贫困，与全国同步全面建成小康社会。
第二、新疆仍面临严峻反恐挑战。虽然新疆各项事业持续发展进步，但也面临严峻挑战。上世纪90年代以来，境内外“三股势力”在新疆策划实施了数千起暴力恐怖事件。我今年四月在乌鲁木齐参观新疆暴恐案例展，展出的大量暴恐图片和视频触目惊心，暴恐行径惨无人道、令人发指。与此同时，宗教极端思想泛滥，也日益助长了恐怖主义。自治区政府依法采取系列措施，既重拳打击暴恐犯罪，又积极探索预防性反恐和去极端化举措，包括建立职业技能教育培训中心，卓有成效，深得人心。
第三、新疆的教培中心实际上是寄宿学校，而非别有用心者所说的“集中营”。教培中心本质上是一种预防性反恐，是防患于未然，防病于未病和小病，旨在最大限度教育挽救那些受极端思想感染、有轻微违法犯罪行为的人员，避免其成为恐怖主义和极端主义的受害者和牺牲品。学员通过“三学一去”，即学国家通用语言、法律知识和职业技能，实现去极端化目标。学员可以定期回家，有事随时请假，亲属可以来访，还可以视频电话交流。学员达到结业标准后，由学校和政府推荐就业或自主创业等。教培中心免费提供食宿，依法保障学员各项基本权利，满足学员学习、生活、娱乐等需求。开展职业技能教育培训工作是新疆在特殊时期采取的特殊做法，随着反恐形势好转，教培中心的规模会逐步缩小，直至结束。
第四、新疆是个自由、安全的地方。新疆采取多种措施保护公民宗教信仰自由、保障各族人民文化权利和使用本民族语言文字的权利。新疆有清真寺、教堂、寺院、道观等宗教活动场所2.48万座，有宗教教职人员2.93万人，设有伊斯兰教经学院等10所宗教院校，平均每530位穆斯林就有一座清真寺。少数民族优秀传统文化得到保护和弘扬，维吾尔木卡姆艺术、柯尔克孜史诗《玛纳斯》列入“人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录”。民族语言文字在司法、行政、教育、新闻出版、广播电视、互联网、社会公共事务等领域广泛使用。妇女、儿童、老年人和残疾人权利得到充分尊重和依法保护。新疆稳定红利持续释放，已连续超过30个月没有发生暴恐事件，去年共接待1.5亿人次旅游，预计今年有望达2亿人次。一个有近2亿人次进出的地方，能说不安全、不自由吗?
在人权问题上，没有最好，只有更好。我们将继续全方位推进中国人权事业发展，不断满足人民对美好生活的需求和向往，继续携手各国共同在世界范围内促进和保护人权，助力构建人类命运共同体。
“鞋子合不合脚，自己穿了才知道”。在中国新疆问题上，最有发言权的是新疆各族人民。我们诚挚欢迎尼方朋友到新疆实地考察，感受一个美丽、真实、好客的新疆，一个好地方。
Xinjiang, a Good Place in China
Signed Article by Ambassador Zhou Pingjian on the Peoples Daily Newspaper
26 July 2019
Xinjiang is one of the five ethnic autonomous regions in China which covers an area of about one sixth of the entire country with a population of 25 million.
On July 21, The State Council Information Office of China published a white paper on historical matters concerning Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region in northwest China. From historic, religious, ethnic and cultural perspectives, the white paper clearly explains that Xinjiang has long been an inseparable part of Chinese territory as well as its ethnic groups and cultures. Similar to Nigeria, the most populous country in Africa with over 250 ethnic groups, China is also a united multi-ethnic nation founded jointly by the people of all its ethnic groups as well as different religious beliefs.
For some time, some politicians and media in the western countries continuously attacked China’s policy in Xinjiang, falsely claiming that a large number of “concentration camps” violating human rights have been established there. Nothing could be further from the truth.
Three month ago, I spent a whole week in Xinjiang and travelled across the region. That was my fourth trip to Xinjiang. I had face-to-face communication with teachers, the trainees and their families in some training centers. I also visited classrooms, dormitories, canteens and sports fields. Everywhere I went, I was impressed by the brightness, cleanness as well as happiness and cheerful voices from the trainees. The level of the national common language and legal awareness of all trainees have been greatly enhanced. The trainees who have practiced sewing, hairdressing and e-commerce are very skilled, and they enjoy it. They become more and more confidence in their future and their families are also gratified.
Many foreign friends who have visited the training centers said that what they saw were diligent students and happy campus, and the so-called accusation of “concentration camps” fell apart. From June 18 to 21, diplomats and representatives based in Geneva from 14 countries and an organization visited Xinjiang and interacted extensively with local residents, farmers, teachers and students in various places across the region. Among them, Nigerian Ambassador Audu Ayinla Kadiri said what he saw was entirely different from some negative media reports on the vocational education and training centers. On July 12, Ambassadors of 37 countries including Nigeria and many members from Organization of Islamic Cooperation sent a joint letter to the President of the UN Human Rights Council and the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights to show their support for China on its “remarkable achievements in the field of human rights”. We highly appreciate the support from our Nigerian friends.
This year marks the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People’s Republic of China. The past seven decades have witnessed a great transformation in China and historic progress never seen before in the country’s human rights development. China has grown into the second largest economy in the world, with its GDP surpassing 13.6 trillion U.S. dollars in 2018. It now boasts the world’s largest middle income population and has contributed to over 30% of global growth for many years in a row. Over the past 40 years, China has lifted over 740 million people out of poverty and met the basic needs of nearly 1.4 billion people. And by 2020, we will achieve comprehensive poverty eradication with no one left behind. It is fair to say that China has made a new great achievement in the history of the development and in the history of poverty reduction of the world. This is the largest human rights project, the best human rights story, and also the most important contribution of China to the cause of human rights of the world.
As for what is really happening in Xinjiang, I would like to share the true story from four aspects with Nigerian friends:
Firstly, Xinjiang is enjoying prominent economic development. Over the past 70 years, especially since 1978, Xinjiang has witnessed sustained and steady high-quality economic development, with its GDP for 2018 exceeding nearly 200 billion U.S. dollars. People’s living standard has greatly improved, with urban and rural residents’ per capita disposable income reaching respectively over 4,800 and 1,700 U.S. dollars. Public-interest projects regarding employment, education, medical services and social security have been moved forward. From to 2018, a total of 2.3 million people in Xinjiang were lifted out of poverty, with the poverty headcount ratio dropping from 19.4 percent to 6.1 percent. From 2019 to 2020, 817,100 people will shake off poverty. By 2020, all rural residents living below the current poverty line will be lifted out of poverty, absolute poverty will be eradicated as Xinjiang keeps pace with the rest of China in finishing building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.
Secondly, Xinjiang is still facing severe challenges of anti-terrorism. Despite the progress Xinjiang has made in various undertakings, Xinjiang is also confronted with challenges. Since the 1990s, the “three forces” of terrorism, separatism and extremism inside and outside China have orchestrated and executed thousands of violent terrorist attacks in Xinjiang. The Exhibition on Major Incidents of Violent Terrorist Attacks in Xinjiang, which I viewed with great shock in late April this year, presents a large number of pictures and video footage about the appallingly cruel acts against humanity committed by violent terrorists. At the same time, the spread of religious extremist thoughts had stoked the terrorist rampage. The government of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region has taken a series of measures according to law to crack down on violent terrorist crimes on the one hand and actively explored preventive anti-terrorism and deradicalization measures on the other, including setting up vocational education and training centers. These efforts have been effective and won the sincere support of the people.
Thirdly, Xinjiang’s training centers are not “camps” but “campus”. There is no difference between a training center and a boarding school. The vocational education and training program is preventive counter-terrorism in nature and a precautionary step to prevent a disease or treat it in its early stages, as we do in traditional Chinese medicine. It aims to educate and rehabilitate to the greatest extent possible the individuals who have been influenced by extremist ideologies and committed minor offenses, so that they will not be victimized by and fall prey to terrorism and extremism. Courses on the national common language, legal knowledge and vocational skills help the trainees deradicalize themselves. The trainees can go home regularly, ask for a leave when needed, make phone or video calls to their family, and their family can come to the training centers to visit them. Upon completion of the courses, the trainees will be recommended for employment or self-employment by the school and the government. The training centers provide free accommodations and safeguard all basic rights of the trainees in accordance with the law to meet their needs in study, life and entertainment. I must point out that the vocational education and training program is a special measure adopted by Xinjiang at a special time. We will continue to improve the work of the training centers. As the counter-terrorism situation improves, the training program will be gradually downsized, leading to its completion.
Fourthly, Xinjiang is a place with freedom and safety. Xinjiang has taken a host of measures to protect citizens’ freedom of religious belief and safeguard their cultural rights and the right of all ethnic groups to use their own ethnic languages. There are 24,800 mosques, churches, Buddhist temples, Taoist temples and other religious venues, 29,300 clerical staff, and 10 religious schools such as the Xinjiang Islamic Institute. For every 530 muslims in Xinjiang, there is a mosques. Fine traditional cultures of ethnic minorities are protected and developed. The Uygur Muqam art and Kirgiz epic Manas have been listed as Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity. Ethnic minority languages are widely used in judicature, administration, education, press and publication, radio and television, the internet and social public affairs. The rights of women, children, the aged and people with disabilities are fully respected and protected by law. The stability dividend has continued to benefit Xinjiang. No case of violent terrorism has occurred for over 30 months in a row. A total of 150 million tourists visited Xinjiang last year, and this year the figure is expected to reach 200 million. Is it fair to label a place that receives nearly 200 million visitors a year as unsafe and not free?
When it comes to human rights, no one can claim perfection. So making progress is all important. We will continue to advance human rights development in China in an all-round way to meet people’s needs and aspiration for a better life, and join hands with other countries to promote and protect human rights around the world, with a view to advancing the building of a community with a shared future for mankind.
Only a shoe’s wearer knows if it fits. The best-qualified to speak on Xinjiang are the Xinjiang people of all ethnic groups. We sincerely welcome Nigerian friends to make field visits to Xinjiang, and see for yourselves a beautiful, true and hospitable Xinjiang, a good place in north-western China.
“One Country, Two Systems” Is the Best System for Hong Kong, China and the World-Including America
坚持“一国两制”，维护香港繁荣稳定
Ambassador Cui Tiankai’s Op-ed About Hong Kong on Newsweek
驻美国大使崔天凯在美国《新闻周刊》发表署名文章
2 August
8月2日
Recent events in Hong Kong have drawn significant international speculation. Problematically, some commentators have gone so far as to question the efficacy and even legitimacy of “One Country, Two Systems”. In fact, since China resumed the exercise of sovereignty over Hong Kong on July 1, , “One Country, Two Systems” has proven remarkably successful in transforming Hong Kong into an incredible place to live, study and do business. The questioning of this policy is deeply concerning, and makes clear that a broader public understanding of the Special Administrative Region (SAR) is necessary.
Over the past 22 years, Hong Kong has given support to the mainland’s development, while the mainland has contributed to Hong Kong’s rise. Hong Kong’s GDP has maintained a steady growth, hitting almost $360 billion in , over twice of that of . The number of visitors soared from 10.4 million in 1997 to more than 65 million in 2018. As a fully established international financial, trade and shipping center, Hong Kong ranks among the top in the world by various economic and social development indicators. Hong Kong, “the Pearl of the Orient”, is part of China, and can only shine as part of China.
Being a most vibrant economy, Hong Kong must keep pace with a changing world. As an SAR, the fate of Hong Kong is tied to the whole Chinese nation. The central government always puts Hong Kong’s social stability, economic development and improvement of people’s livelihood high on its agenda, and fully backs the SAR government and its citizens as they strive to meet their challenges head-on. As a case in point, the Belt and Road Initiative and the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Greater Bay Area are opening significant new development opportunities for Hong Kong.
That said, clarification is still needed on misperceptions about “One Country Two Systems”. Importantly, the “Two Systems” are based on “One Country,” enshrined and protected by China’s constitution. Any talk about the “Two Systems” out of the context of “One Country” would be illegitimate, and to question the necessity of upholding “One Country” with the exercise of “Two Systems” constitutes a challenge to China’s sovereignty. The sovereignty and territorial integrity of China allows no offense.
Meanwhile, the system practiced in Hong Kong, though different from that of the mainland, is something implemented for a certain administrative region of China in a certain historical stage; it is still a Chinese system, not a duplicate of that of America or Europe. Imposing a different, foreign system on Hong Kong is not only a challenge to the principle of “One Country”, but also harmful to the practice of “Two Systems”. Furthermore, what was practiced in Hong Kong under British rule was colonialism, with a governor appointed by London. The UK’s own system of government had never been implemented in Hong Kong.
It is impossible for Hong Kong to be separated from the mainland. The “Two Systems” are meant to work harmoniously, and to generate long-term prosperity and stability. From developing advantageous industries to fending off external financial risks, from upholding social order to providing household necessities, Hong Kong and the mainland are inextricably linked. Hong Kong’s ties with the mainland have developed to such breadth and depth, that to sever them is impossible, and trying to do so would only impede a better future for Hong Kong.考生如果怕自己错过考试报名时间和考试时间的话，可以 免费预约短信提醒，届时会以短信的方式提醒大家报名和考试时间。
Currently, the biggest peril for “One Country Two Systems” comes from ill-intentioned forces, both inside and outside Hong Kong, who seek to turn the SAR into a bridgehead to attack the mainland’s system and spark chaos across China. For them, the wellbeing of Hong Kong’s seven million people is a disposable pawn in their strategy. The last thing these people want to see is the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, Hong Kong compatriots included.
Recent events in Hong Kong have laid bare the ill-will of these forces and the hypocrisy of some Western politicians. Look at the radicals in Hong Kong who broke into and vandalized the Legislative Council, beat and maimed the policemen, and illegally stored dangerous assault weapons. They even stormed the liaison office of the central government and defaced the national emblem. These are not peaceful demonstrations. Nor do these acts of violence have anything to do with the freedoms of speech and assembly.
The intention of these radical factions is to sabotage Hong Kong’s rule of law and threaten the bottom line of “One Country Two Systems”. The central government firmly supports the SAR government and police in taking all necessary measures to bring those perpetrators to justice and uphold social stability of Hong Kong. And, were the U.S. to witness a similar assault to its stability, there would undoubtedly be an attempt to restore order.
“Nothing is more beneficial than stability, and nothing is more detrimental than chaos”. A chaotic Hong Kong will do no one any good. Hong Kong affairs are solely the internal affairs of China. China’s determination to safeguard sovereignty, security, and development interests, and to implement “One Country Two Systems” for Hong Kong’s prosperity and stability is unwavering.
A prosperous and stable Hong Kong not only serves China’s interests, but is conducive to the betterment of the international community, including the U.S. Consider the 85,000 U.S. citizens who live and work in Hong Kong, and thousands of American companies flourishing in the SAR. We are glad to see Hong Kong develop stronger business and people-to-people ties with the U.S., and become a prime choice for more American businessmen, tourists and immigrants.
最近一些人关注香港发生的事，有人甚至对“一国两制”提出质疑。事实上，自中国在7月1日恢复对香港行使主权，“一国两制”实践取得了举世公认的成功。我愿借本文回应有关质疑，增进公众对香港特别行政区的了解。
22年来，香港支持了内地的发展，内地带动了香港的繁荣。香港的GDP一直平稳增长，为3600亿美元，是的2倍多。访港旅客由19的1040万人次到2018年超过6500万。香港国际金融、贸易和航运中心的地位稳固，各项经济社会发展指标在全球名列前茅。“东方之珠”本来就属于中华民族，也只有在中华民族手中才能发出璀璨光芒。
当然，香港作为世界上最有活力的一个经济体，不可避免地需要应对国际环境深刻调整和变化带来的冲击。作为中国的一个特别行政区，她必然同整个国家和民族命运相连，荣辱与共。中央政府始终高度重视香港的社会稳定、经济发展和民生改善，全力支持特区政府和香港各界应对各种困难和挑战。推进“一带一路”、粤港澳大湾区建设正在为香港带来新的更大发展机遇。
同时，外界一些关于“一国两制”的错误认识，必须加以澄清。首先，“两制”存在于一国之内，是由中国宪法规定和保障的。脱离一国来妄议“两制”是站不住脚的。企图以“两制”质疑一国是对中国主权的挑战。中国的主权和领土完整不容分割。
其次，香港实行与中国内地不同的制度，是中国于一定历史阶段在国家特定地方实行的制度，也就是说这仍然是中国的一种制度，而不是美国或者欧洲的制度。企图在香港强加别国的制度，既是挑战一国，也是破坏“两制”。况且，英国统治香港时期，实行的是伦敦派遣总督的殖民制度，从来也没有实行过英国本身的制度。
再者，香港和中国内地不可能隔绝，“两制”也不应该对立。从发展优势产业到抵御外部金融风险，从维护社会治安到保障市民日常生活，香港离不开同内地的密切联系。这是香港作为中国一部分与生俱来的，是香港保持长期繁荣稳定所必需的。撕裂这些联系，就是要断香港的生路。
必须指出，“一国两制”当前面临的最大危险，在于国际上和香港的某些不怀好意者企图把香港变成攻击中国内地制度、搞乱整个中国的桥头堡。对他们来说，700万香港居民的福祉只不过是战略博弈棋盘上的棋子，可用也可弃。他们最害怕、最仇恨的，是包括香港同胞在内的中华民族的复兴。
近期香港发生的事情充分暴露了这些势力的邪恶程度，也充分暴露了西方某些政客的伪善程度。一些激进分子连日来的行为，已完全超出了和平示威的范畴。他们冲击立法会并大肆破坏，殴打残害警员，非法储存危险物品和大量攻击性武器，甚至冲击中央驻港机构，对国徽进行公然污损。类似行为如果发生在美国，美方毫无疑问会采取维稳措施。
事态的发展绝不是什么言论和集会自由问题，而是极端违法暴力行为，直接冲击香港的法治根基，严重挑战“一国两制”的底线。中央政府坚决支持香港特区政府和警方采取一切必要措施，严惩违法暴力行为，维护香港的社会稳定。
“利莫大于治，害莫大于乱”。香港乱下去对谁都没有好处。香港事务纯属中国内政，中国绝不会容忍任何外部势力的干预。不要低估中方维护主权、安全和发展利益的坚定决心，不要低估中方贯彻“一国两制”、维护香港繁荣稳定的坚定决心。
香港的繁荣稳定不仅符合中国的利益，也有利于包括美国在内的国际社会。目前有8.5万美国公民在香港工作和生活，数以千计的美国企业在香港成功经营。我们乐于看到香港同美国加强经贸往来、人文交流，成为更多美国人经商、旅游、居住的首选之地。
China’s Quest for Human Rights and Democracy
To many Westerners, the concept of human rights in China is a negative one. However, what is left unexplained by China’s critics is a paradox: How could a country with one-fifth of the world’s population but no human rights to speak of have made such enormous strides in its economic and social development? The real picture of China’s human rights situation is more complex than what stereotypes and assumptions convey. Understanding the truth requires an appreciation of China’s history and national aspirations.
Since 1840, for more than a century, China was ravaged by the aggression of Western powers, warlord fighting, and a civil war. For a starving, downtrodden people in a war-torn country, “human rights” were a luxury. Seventy years ago, when the People’s Republic of China was founded, the average life expectancy in China was only 35. In such dire times, ensuring the survival of its people was China’s imperative, and this guided policy for the past 70 years. Without assuring the right to survival and development, other rights are castles in the air.考生如果怕自己错过考试报名时间和考试时间的话，可以 免费预约短信提醒，届时会以短信的方式提醒大家报名和考试时间。
The results of our hard work are indisputable. China’s life expectancy reached 77 in 2018, higher than the world average of 72. In the last 40 years, over 740 million people have been lifted out of poverty, accounting for over 70% of the world’s total population lifted from poverty, an accomplishment applauded by the World Bank as “the fastest rate of poverty reduction ever recorded in human history.” Further, China has put in place the world’s largest networks of education, social security, medical care, and community-level democracy.
“Respecting and protecting human rights” has been included in the Constitutions of China and the Communist Party of China, and the various strategies guiding national development. Indeed, the expansion and protection of human rights has become an important principle of governance for the Party and the Chinese government.
The assumption that China is not a democracy reflects a large misunderstanding. Democracy is a means to deliver a happy life to the people by constantly improving the governance of the country and society. For decades, China has been committed to upholding the Party’s leadership, ensuring that the people run the country and practice law-based governance. The people can have their voices heard in local and state affairs and can freely claim their rights. Anti-corruption campaigns have been successful. State power is now exercised with checks and balances, and the people enjoy higher standards of living. Indeed, it is those countries who masquerade as democracies but flout the will of the people who should think about the condition of their democracy.Citizens’ right to vote, freedom of speech, and freedom of religious belief are well protected by China’s Constitution. An election system with both direct and indirect election is practiced. Leaders are elected from the rank and file, with the participation of the whole population in various forms, so they are keenly attuned to the people’s wants. This is democracy in both name and nature.
We have over 800 million netizens, and people can speak freely on a wide range of conventional and new media platforms. Of course, law-breaking, hateful or inciteful comments are prohibited, as is the case in most other countries.
The Chinese people also enjoy the freedom of religion. There are nearly 200 million worshippers, over 380,000 religious personnel, and 144,000 legally-registered houses of worship in China. Tibet alone has 1,778 venues for practicing Tibetan Buddhism, with some 46,000 resident monks and nuns, and Xinjiang has 24,400 mosques, which means one mosque for every 530 Muslims, a higher rate than most Muslim countries.
Speaking of the “Xinjiang issue”, a so-called stain on China’s human rights record recently hyped up by some ill-informed or even ill-intentioned people, is not an issue about human rights or religion at all. Since the 1990s, Xinjiang has been a victim of the same rampant terrorism and religious extremism that has plagued the whole world. We have endured thousands of violent terrorist attacks.
To bring the situation under control, the government has taken a comprehensive approach, focusing on preventive measures, including establishing vocational education and training centers, to help misdemeanants misguided by extremism to learn the country’s common language and law, and acquire employable skills. These measures have worked - there have been no violent terrorist attacks in Xinjiang for 28 months. What we are doing is protecting human rights at every level.
As we Chinese often say, only the wearer knows if his shoes fit or not. China’s development philosophy is people-centered. Pay a visit to China, and you will see the people are leading happy lives. This is in itself a show of confidence in the country’s progress on human rights. The protection of human rights is a never-ending process, and China will always strive to do better.
要尊重中国人权与民主的事实
“中国人权”在西方人眼里似乎总是一个负面词汇。由此产生的悖论是，一个由世界五分之一人口组成的“没有人权”的国家却取得了突出的经济、社会发展成就。中国人权的真相到底是什么?要了解这个问题，需要我们结合中国历史和国情，摒弃成见和臆测，拿出实事求是的态度，用客观事实说话。
翻开近代史，在长达一百多年间，中国因西方列强入侵、军阀混战、内战而山河破碎，生灵涂炭，国破家亡的乱世中生存殊为不易，谈何人权? 70年前中华人民共和国成立时，中国人均预期寿命才35岁，面对的最大国情是百废待兴，最大要务是解决人民的生存问题。70年来，我们坚持把生存权和发展权作为首要的基本人权，因为没有这些，其他人权犹如无本之木、空中楼阁。
我们改善人权的努力取得了不容抹杀的成果。20中国人均预期寿命已经达到77岁，比世界平均预期寿命72岁还要高。过去40年，中国7.4亿贫困人口实现脱贫，占同期全球减贫人口总数的70%以上，被世界银行称为“迄今人类历史上最快速度的大规模减贫”。中国还建成了世界最大规模的教育、社保、医疗和基层民主体系。尊重和保障人权也被写入宪法、中国共产党的党章和国家发展的战略规划，成为党和政府治国理政的一条重要原则。
还有一个很大的误解就是所谓“中国没有民主”。民主是一种通过对国家和社会治理的探索实现人民幸福生活的手段。过去几十年来，我们坚持中国共产党的领导、人民当家作主和依法治国有机统一，全体人民依法管理国家各项事务、畅通表达利益要求、有效参与国家政治生活，反腐取得积极成效，权力运用得到有效制约和监督，老百姓日子越过越好。倒是那些标榜民主却挟持民意的国家，要好好审视一下自己的民主是否异化了。
说起公民选举权、言论自由和宗教信仰自由，这些都是受到宪法保障的。中国实行直接选举和间接选举相结合的选举制度。我们选出来的领导人，基本上都有基层工作经历，最知道老百姓想要什么，始终把为老百姓谋福利作为头等大事。中国领导人的产生过程，包含着各层级干部群众的评判与意见，是实实在在的民主。中国光网民就超过8亿，老百姓可以在传统和新媒体各种平台上自由发表见解，当然任何违法、煽动仇恨等言行都必须被制止，这在哪个国家都一样。中国公民有宗教信仰自由。中国有各类宗教信徒近2亿，宗教教职人员38万余人，依法登记的宗教活动场所14.4万处。例如，西藏自治区有藏传佛教活动场所1778处，住寺僧尼4.6万多人。新疆自治区有清真寺2.44万座，平均每530位穆斯林就拥有一座清真寺，比例超过许多穆斯林国家。
说到新疆，现在有一些无知或不良的人大肆炒作所谓“新疆问题”，称之为“中国的人权污点”，其实这根本不是什么人权和宗教问题。在国际上恐怖主义猖獗，宗教极端主义渗透的影响下，新疆自上世纪90年代以来就深受其害，发生了数千起暴力恐怖事件。为此，我们采取包括源头治理和预防性措施在内的综合措施，如依法建立职业技能教育培训中心，帮助那些受到极端思想影响、有轻微违法犯罪行为的人，学习通用语言、法律和职业技能。这些措施取得了积极成效，现在新疆已经连续28个月没发生暴恐事件了。我们所做的恰恰是保护人权的事。
鞋子合不合脚自己穿着才知道。我们奉行以人民为中心的发展理念。只要你到中国去走一走、看一看，就会感受到人们的获得感、幸福感和安全感，这就是对中国人权进步的信任票和满意票。
保护人权永远在路上。中国会努力做得更好。
Constitutional Crises Bring Attention to European Monarchs
宪法危机引发人们对欧洲君主的关注
For most of the last 100 years, Europe’s royalty have mainly been known for big weddings and newspaper gossip. Now, that might be changing.
在过去的一百多年里，欧洲王室成员主要以大型婚礼和报纸八卦而闻名于世。
Spain’s King Felipe VI used his power to denounce Catalonian separatism. He called the leaders of the popular vote for independence from Spain criminals. He also said it was his constitutional duty to save national unity.
西班牙国王费利佩六世动用了他的影响力谴责加泰罗尼亚的分离主义。他称加泰罗尼亚独立公投的领导人是罪犯。他还表示，维护国家统一是他的宪法责任。
Recently, the British media has wondered if Queen Elizabeth II will be called upon to end a possible constitutional crisis. It could involve Prime Minister Boris Johnson’s plans to withdraw Britain from the European Union on October 31. Johnson said he will move forward with “Brexit” even if there is no official agreement with the EU.
最近，英国媒体很想知道英国女王伊丽莎白二世是否会被要求终止一项潜在的宪法危机。这可能涉及到英国首相鲍里斯·约翰逊计划于10月31日退出欧盟。约翰逊表示，即便未同欧盟达成正式协议，他也将推进英国脱欧。
Monarchs Face Political Crises, And Risks
君主面临政治危机和风险
The two royal heads of state would appear to have little in common.
这两位王室领导似乎没有什么共同之处。
Elizabeth II has been Queen for 67 years. Felipe became King just five years ago after the abdication of his father, King Juan Carlos, who was restored to the throne by dictator Francisco Franco in 1969.
伊丽莎白二世已经在女王位置上坐了67年。费利佩于5年前在他的父亲胡安·卡洛斯退位后成为了西班牙国王。卡洛斯于1969年被独裁者弗朗西斯科·佛朗哥恢复王位。
They are relatives through Queen Victoria, who ruled the British Empire in the 1800s.
他们都是曾于19世纪统治大英帝国的维多利亚女王的亲属。
Political science professor William Ogilvie de la Vega of Franciso Marroquin University in Madrid said that both rulers are being asked to make political decisions. He said the reason is because elected politicians seem to be unable to do their jobs.
马德里Franciso Marroquin大学的政治学教授威廉·奥格尔维·德拉维加表示，这两位统治者都被要求做出政治决定。他说原因是当选的政治家似乎无法胜任其职。
The two monarchs remain as constitutional heads of state. They hold what former Spanish ambassador to Britain Federico Trillo-Figueroa describes as “sleeping powers.”
这两位君主仍然是国家宪法意义上的元首。他们掌握了前西班牙驻英国大使费德里科·特里洛-菲格罗亚所说的“未觉醒的权力。”
Queen Elizabeth II has the power to start and end parliament and to sign legislation into law. She exercises those powers only at the request of the prime minister.
英国女王伊丽莎白二世有权启动和解散议会，以及将立法签署为法律。她只是应英国首相要求行使这些权力。
These powers “are normally exercised in an invisible way” Trillo-Figueroa told VOA.
特里洛-菲格罗亚对美国之音表示，(君主们)“通常是以无形的方式行使”这些权力。
But stepping into politics can cause problems.
但是涉足政治可能会导致问题。
Queen Elizabeth II has the power to refuse Johnson’s request to suspend parliament’s session if ministers try to stop Britain’s EU withdrawal without an agreement. However, she would risk angering the most traditional parts of British society – and many of them voted to leave the EU in a popular vote. Officials at Buckingham Palace, the home of British monarchs, has said that the “will of parliament should be respected.”
如果内阁部长们试图阻止英国无协议脱欧，约翰逊会提请女王暂停议会，伊丽莎白二世有权拒绝约翰逊的这一请求。然而她要冒着激怒英国社会最传统势力的风险，他们中的大多数人在公投中投票支持英国脱欧。英国王室所在的白金汉宫的官员表示：“议会的意愿应该得到尊重。”
A top supporter of Brexit, Nigel Farage, then released an attack on the royal family.
英国脱欧的一位高层支持者奈杰尔·法拉格随后对王室发表了攻击言论。
King Felipe similarly earned the anger of Catalan nationalists by openly supporting the federal government’s direct rule over Catalonia. Barcelona Mayor Ada Colau opposes Catalan independence, but she stays away from the king when he comes to Spain’s second largest city. Felipe is usually met with protests in the Catalan capital.
费利佩国王公开支持联邦政府对加泰罗尼亚的直接统治同样招来了加泰罗尼亚民族主义者的愤怒。巴塞罗那市长阿达·科洛反对加泰罗尼亚独立，但是当费利佩国王来到了巴塞罗那这座西班牙第二大城市时，她与国王保持了距离。费利佩在加泰罗尼亚首府巴塞罗那通常会遇到抗议。
The newspaper El Mundo reported that former Prime Minister Mariano Rajoy advised against a royal televised speech during the crisis in Catalonia. In the speech, Felipe accused Catalan officials of acting with unacceptable “disloyalty,” before the government officially charged them with sedition and rebellion.
《西班牙世界报》报道称，前首相马里亚诺·拉霍伊不赞成王室在加泰罗尼亚危机期间的一次电视讲话。在西班牙政府正式指控加泰罗尼亚官员煽动叛乱之前，费利佩国王就在这次讲话中指责他们采取了令人无法接受的不忠行为。
But Raquel Casviner Ca?ellas of the Catalan Civic Union said the king needed to speak to Spanish unionists who felt that the central government had been too weak.
但是加泰罗尼亚公民联盟的拉奎尔·卡斯维纳·卡纳拉斯表示，国王需要与西班牙统一主义者对话，他们认为中央政府过于软弱。
Felipe’s father, Juan Carlos, helped the country move to democracy after the death of Franco. He later helped stop an attempt by the military in 1981 to seize power.
费利佩的父亲卡洛斯在佛朗哥去世后帮助西班牙走向了民主。他随后还协助阻止了1981年军方试图夺权政权的企图。
The younger generations of royals also seem to be more interested in politics. Prince Harry’s wife Meghan Markle, Duchess of Sussex, has been criticized for her political opinions in a coming article she edited for British Vogue, titled “Fifteen forces for change.”
年轻一代的王室成员似乎对政治更感兴趣。哈里王子的妻子、苏塞克斯公爵夫人梅森·马克尔为英国《时尚》杂志编辑了一篇题为《15种变革力量》的文章，她在这篇即将发表的文章中表现出来的政治观点就受到了批评。
止暴治乱、恢复秩序，坚定维护香港繁荣稳定
Stop Violence, Restore Order, and Preserve the Prosperity and Stability of Hong Kong
孙功谊大使在《快报》发表署名文章
Ambassador Sun Gongyi Publishes a Bylined Article on L’Express
8月16日
16 August
近两个月来，中国香港特别行政区的示威游行活动引发广泛关注。毛里求斯的各大主流媒体均有报道，一些毛里求斯朋友也对香港事态表达关心，希望香港保持长期繁荣稳定。这不仅符合包括香港同胞在内的全体中国人民的利益，也符合包括毛里求斯在内的国际社会的共同利益，而这正是中国中央政府和香港特别行政区政府为之不懈奋斗的目标。与此同时，我们也注意到，国际上一些媒体和人士罔顾事实或“选择性失明”，散布不负责任的言论，干扰国际社会对香港暴力违法活动的客观认识，甚至公然干涉中国内政，中方坚决反对。考生如果怕自己错过考试报名时间和考试时间的话，可以 免费预约短信提醒，届时会以短信的方式提醒大家报名和考试时间。
今年7月1日，是香港各界人士纪念香港回归祖国和香港特别行政区成立的喜庆日子。但却发生了极端激进分子以极为暴力的方式冲击香港立法会大楼、肆意破坏内部公共设施的事件。尤其不能容忍的是，在香港特区政府宣布停止推进修改《逃犯条例》工作之后，暴力分子不仅不收手，反而变本加厉，公然污损国徽、侮辱国旗、纵火袭警、使用镭射枪照射警察眼睛、冲击中央政府驻港联络办公室和香港警署，强行阻止地铁运行瘫痪交通等破坏行动，超出集会、游行、示威自由的范畴，不仅严重破坏了香港市民正常生活秩序，更是对“一国两制”原则底线和中央政府权威的公然挑战。试问世界上哪一个主权国家和负责任的政府可以对此无动于衷?
令人痛心的是，持续近两个月的游行示威特别是暴力冲击行径，对香港经济民生已造成严重影响。8月5日香港特区政府公布的经济数据显示，今年第二季度香港地区生产总值较去年同期仅实质增长0.6%，跌至来最低水平。今年上半年各项经济指标，除个别行业外，全面下跌，零售业和旅游业首当其冲，商户销售额和酒店入住率大幅下跌。国际投资者的信心被严重打击，公开表达对香港营商环境的深切忧虑。可以预料，那些在香港定居或者做生意的毛里求斯朋友的工作生活也在一定程度上受到了暴力示威活动的影响。
必须明确的是，在香港当前乱局中，站在台前的是部分激进暴力分子，居中的是部分被误导、被裹挟的善良市民，但幕后怂恿、支持激进暴力分子的则是香港内外的“反中乱港”势力。他们明目张胆地为激进暴力分子撑腰壮胆、明里暗里进行协调指导和资助。“.”组织头目秘会西方国家驻香港总领事馆官员的事件一经曝光，引起舆论哗然。这种公然插手中国内政、漠视香港秩序遭破坏的行为，无异于包庇、纵容和支持违法犯罪。
谈到自由民主，我想指出的是，香港回归22年来，中国政府依照宪法和香港基本法，切实贯彻落实“一国两制”、“港人治港”、高度自治，香港保持繁荣稳定，被公认为是全球最自由的经济体。香港的国民生产总值(GDP)从的1.37万亿港币增至的2.84万亿港币，人均GDP从19的21万港币增长至20的38.19万港币。香港还成功抵御了亚洲金融危机、国际金融危机的冲击，经济发展和人民生活呈现出一派繁荣气象。正如香港媒体评价，“一国两制”是香港发展的最大优势，它让香港分享了国家发展的红利，保障了香港居民的各项权利和自由。
“利莫大于治，害莫大于乱”，当前最紧要的任务是“止暴治乱、恢复秩序”。 克制并非软弱!中国中央政府和全中国人民维护香港繁荣稳定、维护国家根本利益的决心和力量不容被低估，将近全力还香港一个风清气正的美好明天，这也是当下香港社会最大的民意。
For the past two months, violent demonstrations in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR) of the People’s Republic of China have drawn great attention. Some media and friends in Mauritius are concerned about the development of the situation in Hong Kong. Preserving Hong Kong’s long-term prosperity and stability is not only in the interest of all the Chinese people, including Hong Kong people, but is also in the interests of the international community, including Mauritius. This is precisely the objective for which unremitting efforts have been made by the Chinese Central Government and the HKSAR Government. At the same time, we have also noticed that some international media and people are disregarding the facts or making what we called “Selective Blindness”, and spreading irresponsible remarks. They are also preventing the international community to understand objectively Hong Kong’s violent and illegal activities, and they even openly interfere in China’s internal affairs. This is something China is strongly opposed to.
The 1st of July of this year was supposed to be a day of celebrations for the Hong Kong people all around the world, in commemoration of the 22nd anniversary of Hongkong’s return to motherland and the establishment of Hong Kong SAR. However, there were incidents during which extremists attacked the Hong Kong Legislative Council building in a very violent manner and willfully destroyed the internal public facilities. A particularly unacceptable fact is that even after the Hong Kong SAR government announced it would stop the revision of the Fugitive Offenders Ordinance, violence did not stop. Instead, the extremist militants intensified their efforts to publicly deface the national emblem, insult the national flag, and arson attacks to Hong Kong police. They even used laser guns to flash out the eyes of the policemen, attacked the Liaison Office of the Central People’s Government in Hong Kong and the Hong Kong Police station, blocked Hong Kong subway, airport and public transportation. These are far beyond the scope of freedom of assembly and demonstration. Even the signs of terrorism have seriously arisen. This has not only affected the normal life of the Hongkong people, but also has openly challenged the bottom line of the “one country, two systems” principle and the authority of the central government. Which sovereign country and responsible government in the world can impassively watch this and do nothing?
The saddest thing is that the demonstrations and the violent movement which have now lasted for almost 2 months have seriously impacted Hong Kong’s economy and the people’s livelihood. According to economic data released by the Hong Kong SAR government on 5th August, in comparison with the same period of time last year, Hong Kong’s GDP has only increased by 0.6% in the second quarter of this year, which is the lowest level for the past 10 years. During the first half of this year, all Hongkong’s economic indicators have fallen down, except for a few industries. Retail business and tourism industries are on the top of the list, while merchant sales and hotel occupancy rates have also fallen sharply. The confidence of the international investors has been seriously impacted as they have publicly expressed their deep concern about the business environment in Hong Kong. The working life of the Mauritian friends who have settled down or are doing business in Hong Kong has probably been also affected to some extent by the violent demonstrations.
It must be clarified that, in the current chaos in Hong Kong, a small number of violent radicals are at the front with some kind-hearted citizens misguided and coerced in the middle, but the masterminds behind the scenes are the anti-China forces in and out of Hong Kong which have been trying to mess up Hong Kong. They are openly funding and supporting the radical activists, helping them to build strategies. Some of them even personally coordinated the subversive destruction movement of the riots. It has been revealed that the major “Hong Kong independence” activists have secretly met with diplomat of the Consulate General of one western country in Hong Kong. This affair has caused a public outcry. This kind of behavior, that is to say openly interfering in the domestic affairs of China and consciously ignoring the destruction of Hong Kong’s law and order, is nothing else than a shield which connive and support illegal crimes.
Talking about liberal democracy, I would like to point out that, since Hong Kong’s return back to motherland 22 years ago, the Chinese government has effectively implemented the policy of “One country, two systems”, “Hong Kong people governing Hong Kong” and has granted a high degree of autonomy to Hong Kong, in accordance with the Constitution of the People’s Republic of China and the Hong Kong Basic Law. Hong Kong has maintained prosperous and stable all through these years and has even been recognized as the freest economy in the world. Hong Kong’s gross domestic product (GDP) increased from 1.37 trillion Hong Kong dollars in to 2.84 trillion Hong Kong dollars in , and the GDP per capita has increased from 210,000 Hong Kong dollars in 1997 to 381,900 Hong Kong dollars in 2018. Hong Kong has also successfully resisted to the Asia financial crisis and the international financial crisis. Economic development has bloomed, and people’s lives have been drastically improved. As Hong Kong media commented, “one country, two systems” has been the greatest advantage for the development of Hong Kong. It has allowed Hong Kong to share the profits of the mainland’s development while protecting the rights and the freedom of the people of Hong Kong.
A Chinese proverb says “Nothing is more beneficial than stability, and nothing is more detrimental than chaos”. The most urgent and overriding task for now is to stop the violence, end chaos and restore order. Restraint is not weakness! The determination and strength of the Chinese Central Government and the entire Chinese people to preserve Hong Kong’s prosperity and stability and maintain the country’s fundamental interests cannot be underestimated. We will do everything it takes to get Hong Kong back to the path of a prosperous future. This is also currently the most common will of the people of Hong Kong.
驻澳大利亚大使成竞业在澳主流媒体发文
Ambassador Cheng Jingye’s Signed Article on U.S.-China Trade Disputes
208月15日
15 August 2019
自两个月前我在《澳大利亚人报》发表中美贸易摩擦的文章以来，中美贸易谈判再次上演了过山车般的行情。
Since I expounded my opinion on China-US trade friction in The Australian two months ago, trade talks between the two countries have been going through a rollercoaster ride.
6月底，中美两国元首在大阪就中美经贸问题达成了共识。双方同意在平等和相互尊重的基础上重启经贸磋商。美方表示不再对中国出口产品加征新的关税。两国经贸团队将就具体问题进行讨论。考生如果怕自己错过考试报名时间和考试时间的话，可以 免费预约短信提醒，届时会以短信的方式提醒大家报名和考试时间。
At the end of June, the Chinese and US Presidents reached the following consensus in Osaka: Restart trade consultations on the basis of equality and mutual respect; no new tariffs on Chinese exports by the US side; negotiation teams ready to discuss specific issues thereafter.
7月底，中美在上海举行了第12轮经贸高级别磋商，并约定将在8月进行密集磋商，为9月牵头人会面做准备。
At the end of July, China and the US held the 12th round of high-level economic and trade negotiations in Shanghai. Both sides agreed to undertake intensive talks in August in preparation for the meeting between the heads of negotiation teams in September.
未想，磋商甫一结束，美方就突然变卦，单方面声称将对3000亿美元中国输美商品加征10%的关税。
Unexpectedly, soon after the Shanghai negotiations, the US went back on its word and unilaterally announced an additional 10 per cent tariff on US$300 billion worth of Chinese goods.
中美元首大阪会晤共识刚刚给世界经济带来的一线希望，就这样再次被美国的反复无常化为泡影，全球经济再次陷入动荡不安。
The glimmer of hope for the world economy brought by the Osaka consensus was again diminished by the flip-flopping of the US. As a result, the global economy fell into turmoil.
许多国家和地区，大宗商品市场、股市、汇市无不受到严重影响。科廷大学经济学家研究认为，由于美对华贸易战的升级，每位澳大利亚人每年将损失近300澳元。
The commodity, stock and foreign exchange markets in many countries and regions were hit. Research by an economist from Curtin University concluded that the China-US trade dispute, triggered by the latter, will cost every Australian nearly $300 a year.
美国前总统经济顾问萨默斯告诫，贸易战升级将使世界面临十年来最大经济衰退风险。在前不久的勘探商与交易商大会上，有澳工商业领袖认为，澳正暴露在这一风险当中。
Lawrence Summers, a former economic adviser to US presidents Bill Clinton and Barack Obama, warned that the intensifying dispute between the US and China was the biggest economic risk in a decade. At the recent Diggers and Dealers conference, Australian business leaders said that Australia was badly exposed to the risk.
美方采取单边加征关税的做法，不仅使中美经贸合作受挫，更违反世界贸易组织规则，损害多边贸易组织争端解决机制的权威性，严重干扰全球产业链和供应链，“买单”的将是整个国际社会。
The unilateral imposition of new tariffs on China by the US has not only derailed China-US economic and trade co-operation, but also violated the rules of the World Trade Organisation, undermined the authority of its dispute settlement mechanism, and seriously disrupted the global industrial and supply chain. The price will be paid by the entire international community.
我们始终认为，谈判应建立在平等、相互尊重基础上，磋商必须有诚意、讲原则、守信用、重规则，成果必须互利共赢。中美经贸谈判迄今已进行12轮，每次出现波折都源于美方违背共识、出尔反尔、不讲诚信。
We always believe that negotiations should be based on equality and mutual respect, conducted in a sincere, principled, trustworthy and rules-based manner for mutual benefits and win-win results. The 12 rounds of China-US consultations have not been free of setbacks, each of them being the result of a US breach of consensus and commitments, and backtracking.
美方如想通过极限施压和恐吓讹诈，让中方作出更多让步，是打错了算盘。在涉及主权的重大原则上，中方一寸也不会退让。
If the US intends to force China to make more concessions by imposing extreme pressure, threats or blackmail, it is barking up the wrong tree. On major principles concerning sovereignty, China will not back down even a little bit.
我想在这里顺便谈谈中方采购美国农产品的问题。美方最近指称中方没有采购美国农产品。事实上，中国企业已经向美国采购了大豆等美国农产品，并持续进行询价。由于美方突然宣称再次对华加征关税，严重违背了中美元首大阪会晤共识，中国国务院关税税则委员会对8月3日后新成交的美国农产品采购暂不排除进口加征关税，中国相关企业已暂停采购美国农产品。中方希望美方认真落实大阪共识，言而有信，为两国农业领域合作创造必要条件。
I also wish to shed light on the issue of Chinese procurement of US agricultural produce. The US recently alleged that China has failed to purchase American agricultural produce as promised. In fact, Chinese companies already purchased US soy beans in large amounts and kept asking for new quotations. However, the US announcement of imposing new tariffs on Chinese imports from September 1 is a serious violation of the Osaka consensus. As a result, the Customs Tariff Commission of the State Council of the People’s Republic of China will not rule out levying tariffs on American farm imports purchased after August 3, and Chinese companies suspended their purchase of more US agricultural produce. We hope that the US will keep its promise and implement the Osaka consensus, so as to create necessary conditions for agricultural co-operation between the two countries.
中国古语云：“人而无信，不知其可也”。作为当今唯一的超级大国，美国在全球贸易、气候变化、防扩散等领域一再失信于国际社会。
As an ancient Chinese saying goes: If a man does not honour his promise, how can he be trusted? As the only superpower in the world today, the US has repeatedly broken its promises to the international community on global trade, climate change, nuclear non-proliferation and many others.
也许我们改变不了美国的善变，但中国继续扩大对外开放、维护多边主义和自由贸易、推动构建人类命运共同体的承诺和决心不会变。对于贸易战，我们不想打，但也不怕打。这一立场也不会变。
The unpredictability of the US is not what the world may change, but the commitment and determination of China is what will never change, for opening further to the outside world, maintaining multilateralism and free trade, and promoting a community with shared future for mankind. As for the trade dispute, China’s position will also stand unchanged: China does not want a trade war, but is not afraid of fighting one.
Climate Change: A Race We Must Win
We face a new era of climate crisis. July 2019 is the hottest month on record, and we are on track for 2015 to 2019 to be the five hottest years in human history. The level of CO2 in the atmosphere is at its highest point in human history; climate-related devastations strike more often than ever, with droughts, hurricanes, heatwaves and landslides regularly attacking our planet, bringing high tolls and casualties, causing huge economic loss to countries and to individuals, particularly affecting the most vulnerable in societies. The latest report of UN Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific shows that natural disasters in the region are currently responsible for economic losses of up to US$675 billion annually and affecting close to 150 million people.
The clock is ticking. According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, we need to collectively ensure that global temperature rise does not go beyond 1.5 degrees. This means we must reduce emissions by 45 percent by 2030 and achieve carbon neutrality by 2050. Such goals might seem too ambitious, but climate change is not a standalone issue that can be ignored given the profound implications it has for all countries and all peoples, including the young generation who will be living with the ever-increasing consequences of global warmings.
Faced with this reality, it is impossible to ignore that human development can only flourish if the natural world flourishes. This is the premise of the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals that have become more urgent looking forward to the next decade. How can we as the global community work together as one?
To boost ambition, reinforce strong political will and encourage concrete actions to implement the Paris Agreement on Climate Change, the UN Secretary-General António Guterres will host the 2019 Climate Action Summit on 23 September during the UN General Assembly. The Summit will bring together governments, the private sector, civil society, local authorities and other international organizations to develop ambitious solutions in six areas: a global transition to renewable energy; sustainable and resilient infrastructures and cities; sustainable agriculture and management of forests and oceans; resilience and adaptation to climate impacts; and alignment of public and private finance with a ‘net zero’ economy. The message is clear: we need concrete, realistic plans to enhance countries’ nationally determined contributions by 2020, in line with reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 45 per cent over the next decade, and to achieve ‘net zero’ emissions by 2050.
As the second largest economy in the world, China has played a critical part in committing to the Paris Agreement and its leadership and commitment is crucial in achieving the goals. The country has made remarkable progress in developing its green economy, with more than US$125 billion dollars’ investment in renewable energy in 2017. New renewable energy jobs in China now outnumber those created in the oil and gas industries. Under the 13th Five-Year Plan, China has already exceeded full three per cent of its target, to reduce energy intensity by 15 percent. The country is also the global leader in the adoption of electric buses, with an estimation of 18% of China’s total bus fleet being electrified according to research from Bloomberg New Energy Finance. This demonstrates a significant increase in the importance of non-fossil fuel from previous five-year plan targets. The benefits China has reaped from fostering its renewable energy sector and the green economy also offer a prime counter-example to the mistaken belief that economic vitality and growth is incompatible with efforts to combat climate change.
As the global challenge that does not respect national borders, climate change is an issue that requires solutions to be coordinated at the international level, with demand for all developed countries taking up greater responsibilities, and for developing countries moving toward low-carbon economy. In the meantime, as the world’s most populous country and one of the largest carbon emitters, China can play an even more vital role in tackling global climate change by maximizing its enormous potential for emission reduction and accelerating the current positive.
The UN is committed to working with the government of China, the private sector, NGOs, youth and other key stakeholders to support climate change reduction efforts in China, to raise awareness and build the next generation of climate leaders, as well as China’s growing support to other developing countries. Under initiatives such as the Belt and Road Initiative, UN and China can work closely together to make the best use of the investment in infrastructure to promote the transition from fossil fuel-intensive economy to green and low-carbon economy in developing countries and ensure the initiatives are in line with sustainable development goals. South-South Cooperation can also facilitate the exchanges of climate solutions – bringing China’s successful practices to developing world and customize the methodology to best serve the local context and needs. Considering the scale of China’s commitments, the potential impact these global engagements will have is unparalleled. Therefore, the UN is ready to continue its partnership with China to ensure that an agenda of environmental sustainability, of climate change mitigation and resilience is placed first and foremost at the head of China’s global development initiatives and investments.
Climate change is running faster than we are and we need to have a much more ambitious approach in what we do in order to defeat climate change – as this is a race that we can and must win.
气候变化：一场我们必须打赢的比赛
我们面临着气候危机的新时代。2019年7月是有记录以来最热的一个月，2015年至2019年有望成为人类历史上最热的5年。大气中的二氧化碳含量达到了人类历史上的最高点。与气候变化有关的自然灾害比以往任何时候都更加频繁，干旱、飓风、热浪和山体滑坡的频发造成了大范围人员伤亡，给许多国家和人民造成了巨大的经济损失，尤其是社会中最脆弱的群体受影响最为严重。联合国亚太经济社会委员会最新报告显示，该地区自然灾害造成的经济损失高达每年6750亿美元，影响近1.5亿人。
时间一分一秒地过去。政府间气候变化专门委员会(Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change)的报告表明，我们需要共同确保全球气温上升不超过1.5摄氏度。这意味着我们必须在2030年前减少45%的排放量，并在2050年前实现碳中和。这些目标似乎过于雄心勃勃，但考虑到气候变化对所有国家和人民所产生的深远影响，全球变暖日益严重所产生的后果年轻一代将首当其冲，我们绝不能将气候变化孤立开来，不能小觑其可能产生的后果和影响。
面对气候变化的现实，我们需要清醒地认识到，人类的发展只有在自然界繁荣的情况下才能蓬勃发展。这是联合国可持续发展目标的前提，展望未来十年，这些目标变得更加紧迫。我们该如何作为一个国际社会共同努力?
联合国秘书长安东尼奥·古特雷斯将于9月23日在联合国大会期间主持2019年气候行动峰会，以提振雄心，增强政治意愿，鼓励落实《巴黎气候变化协定》的具体行动。首脑会议将汇集各国政府、私营部门、民间社会、地方当局和其他国际组织，在六个领域制定雄心勃勃的解决办法：全球范围内向可再生能源过渡;可持续和适应力强的基础设施和城市;可持续农业和森林及海洋管理;对气候影响的恢复力和适应能力;公共和私人金融向“净零”经济看齐。峰会要传递的信息很明确：我们需要具体、现实的计划，到2020年提高各国的自主贡献，在未来10年将温室气体排放量减少45%，到2050年实现“净零”排放。
作为世界第二大经济体，中国在履行《巴黎协定》方面发挥了重要作用，中国的领导和承诺对实现《巴黎协定》的目标至关重要。中国绿色经济发展取得了显著进展，2017年可再生能源投资超过1250亿美元。目前，中国可再生能源新增就业人数已超过石油和天然气行业。在十三五计划实施期间，中国已经超额完成目标的3%，降低能源强度15%。中国还是全球率先使用电动公交车的国家，根据彭博新能源财经研究估计，18%中国公交车汽车实现电气化。这表明，与之前的五年计划目标相比，非化石燃料的重要性显著提高。中国从发展可再生能源产业和绿色经济中获益的事实也为有些人错误地认为经济的活力和增长与应对气候变化不可兼得提供了一个主要的反例。
全球性挑战向来不受国境线的限制，气候变化这一全球性议题需要在国际层面协调解决方案，要求所有发达国家承担更大的责任，发展中国家向低碳经济迈进。作为世界上人口最多的国家和最大的碳排放国之一，中国可以在应对全球气候变化方面发挥更重要的作用，最大限度地发挥其巨大的减排潜力，进一步加快进度。
联合国致力于与中国政府、私营部门、非政府组织、青年和其他主要利益攸关方一道，支持中国减少气候变化的努力，提高认识，培养下一代气候领导人，并不断加大对其他发展中国家的支持力度。在各项倡议的支持下，例如一带一路倡议，联合国和中国可以紧密合作，充分利用基础设施投资，促进发展中国家从化石燃料密集型的经济向绿色和低碳经济的过渡，确保项目符合可持续发展目标。南南合作也可以促进气候解决方案的交流，将中国的成功经验推广到发展中国家，并根据当地的实际情况和需求，因地制宜地调整方法论。考虑到中国承诺的规模，这些全球合作的潜在影响将是巨大的。因此，联合国愿继续与中国保持伙伴关系，确保将环境可持续性、减缓气候变化和提高适应能力置于中国全球发展倡议和投资的首位。
如果将气候行动比作一场比赛，那么气候变化现在的速度比我们快，我们需要更大的决心来应对这一挑战，因为这是一场我们能够而且必须获胜的比赛。
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