下面是小编为大家带来的新东方首家点评考研翻译（共含12篇），希望大家能够喜欢!同时，但愿您也能像本文投稿人“浮想不孤单”一样，积极向本站投稿分享好文章。
新东方首家点评考研翻译
Is it true that the American intellectual is rejected and considered of no account in his society? I am going to suggest that it is not true. Father Bruckbergen told part of the story when he observed that it is the intellectuals who have rejected American. But they have done more than that. They have grown dissatisfied with the role of intellectual. It is they, not American, who have become anti-intellectual.
First, the object of our study pleads for definition. What is an intellectual? (46) I shall define him as an intellectual who has elected as his primary duty and pleasure in life the activity of thinking in a Socratic（苏格拉底） way about moral problems. He explores such problems consciously, articulately, and frankly, first by asking factual questions, then by asking moral questions, finally by suggesting action which seems appropriate in the light of the factual and moral information which he has obtained. (47) His function is analogous to that of a judge, who must accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a manner as possible the course of reasoning which led him to this decision.
This definition excludes many individuals usually referred to as intellectuals―the average scientist for one. (48) I have excluded him because, while his accomplishments may contribute to the solution of moral problems, he has not been charged with the task of approaching any but the factual aspects of those problems. Like other human beings, he encounters moral issues even in everyday performance of his routine duties―he is not supposed to cook his experiments, manufacture evidence or doctor his reports. (49) But his primary task is not to think about the moral code, which governs his activity, any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business. During most of his walking life he will take his code for granted, as the businessman takes his ethics.
The definition also excludes the majority of factors, despite the fact that teaching has traditionally been the method whereby many intellectuals earn their living. (50) They may teach very well, and more than earn their salaries, but most of them make little or no independent reflections on human problems which involve moral judgment. This deion even fits the majority eminent scholars. “Being learned in some branch of human knowledge is one thing, living in public and industrious thoughts,” as Emerson would say, “is something else.”
纵观今年的考研翻译题目，我们觉得其难度适中。与近三年的考题相较，20的翻译比的难，而比容易一些。换而言之，今年试题的难度值应该介于0.52与0.53之间。另外，本篇翻译题目就其文体而言，仍然属于近年非常热门的社会科学类文章。由此可见，考研翻译难度总体趋于稳定已成定局。
盘点今年考题，我们发现：传统的考点出现了一边倒的局面，如定语从句、比较结构、指代关系等考点的出现频率有所上升（2004―全是如此），而宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句、被动结构、插入结构等送分型考点的重要性则相对降低。此外，定语从句和指代关系的难度有所下降，而比较结构的难度则有所上升。较之以往，今年的考题，对学生实际运用英语的能力有更高的.要求。
以下，我们将逐一分析此次考试的五道试题：
46：I shall define him as an intellectual who has elected as his primary duty and pleasure in life the activity of thinking in a Socratic way about moral problems.
很明显，本题是以定语从句作为分水岭的，我们由此将句子分成两部分：即主句和定语从句。前一部分中，有以下得分点值得关注：首先，我们应该可以把握“define…as”（把……定义为……）这个词组。然后，我们需要对 “him”做一些处理。这里的“him”我们既可以翻译成为“知识分子”，也可以省略不译。也就是说，前句我们可以翻译成：“我会把‘知识分子’定义为这样的人，他们……”或者是“我对于‘知识分子’的定义是……的人”。再次，本句中出现的“intellectual”（知识分子）是一个高频词汇，曾经在历年的考研试卷中出现过至少20次。在的62题中，“intellectual enquiry”翻译为“知识探究”，可见，“intellectual”本身是一个一词多义的高频词，我们考生在平时的复习过程中需要给予这样的小词以足够的关注。
后一部分，是由who引导的定语从句。在这个从句中，我们首先注意到一个词组“elect…as”（把……作为）。进而我们不难发现，这里由于句子本身的宾语比较长，因此宾语补足语被前置了。即本来是elect A as B这样一个结构，但由于A太长，最终变成了elect as B A这样一个结构，即elected as his primary duty and pleasure in life(B) the activity of thinking in a Socratic way about moral problems(A).从语法角度讲，这就是把S＋V＋O＋C 主谓宾补结构（S＝主语；V＝谓语；O＝宾语；C＝宾补）中的C前置成为S＋V＋C＋O。同样的结构，以往也曾考过，比如20第65题，本来是make something possible，但由于something以及它的修饰成分太长，结果变成了make possible something (which makes possible immense amounts of concrete research and understanding)。同样是possible作为句子的宾补，如果something是短宾语，那么适用make something possible的结构，而如果something是长宾语，那么就适用make possible something的结构。
最后，本句中出现的“moral”（道德）一词也是历年考研试卷中的高频词汇，已经考察近30次了。
综上，本句可以翻译为：“我会把‘知识分子’定义为这样的人，他们把以苏格拉底的方式来思考道德问题的活动作为人生的主要任务和乐趣。”
47：His function is analogous to that of a judge, who must accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a manner as possible the course of reasoning which led him to this decision.
西安新东方06年考研翻译试题点评
细中求稳、稳中求全、全中求精、精中求胜
2006年考研翻译试题选择了一篇近些年非常热门的社会科学类文章，从总体来讲和以往的出题思路、难点设置基本相同。从结构上来分析，这次考查了五个定语从句、三个状语从句、两个比较结构和两个被动句型的翻译。从词汇考点分析，06年出题略难于，可以看出考研这种选拔型考试将更加重视学生语言基本功底的考核。然而考生在答卷时仍然存在着两方面的问题：第一，考生对复杂的句子结构仍然掌握不到位，对插入及倒装的理解和翻译还存在一定的困难；第二，对词义的掌握不精确，对某些关键词词义理解仍有偏差。下面是今年考研翻译部分原文：
Is it true that the American intellectual is rejected and considered of no account in his society? I am going to suggest that it is not true. Father Bruckbergen told part of the story when he observed that it is the intellectuals who have rejected American. But they have done more than that. They have grown dissatisfied with the role of intellectual. It is they, not American, who have become anti-intellectual.
First, the object of our study pleads for definition. What is an intellectual? (46)I shall define him as an individual who has elected as his primary duty and pleasure in life the activity of thinking in a Socratic（苏格拉底） way about moral problems. He explores such problems consciously, articulately, and frankly, first by asking factual questions, then by asking moral questions, finally by suggesting action which seems appropriate in the light of the factual and moral information which he has obtained. (47) His function is analogous to that of a judge, who must accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a manner as possible the course of reasoning which led him to this decision.
This definition excludes many individuals usually referred to as intellectuals―the average scientist for one. (48) I have excluded him because, while his accomplishments may contribute to the solution of moral problems, he has not been charged with the task of approaching any but the factual aspects of those problems. Like other human beings, he encounters moral issues even in everyday performance of his routine duties―he is not supposed to cook his experiments, manufacture evidence or doctor his reports. (49) But his primary task is not to think about the moral code, which governs his activity, any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business. During most of his walking life he will take his code for granted, as the businessman takes his ethics.
The definition also excludes the majority of factors, despite the fact that teaching has traditionally been the method whereby many intellectuals earn their living. (50) They may teach very well, and more than earn their salaries, but most of them make little or no independent reflections on human problems which involve moral judgment. This deion even fits the majority eminent scholars. “Being learned in some branch of human knowledge is one thing, living in public and industrious thoughts,” as Emerson would say, “is something else.”
我们逐一分析一下此次考试的五道试题：
46：I shall define him as an individual who has elected as his primary duty and pleasure in life the activity of thinking in a Socratic way about moral problems.
按照四步翻译法的原则，该句的谓语结构语有两个：shall define ……as和has elected，由连词who将该句切为前后两个分句。第一个分句中考点为词组define ……as（把……定义为……）；代词him根据就近搜索原则应指代What is an intellectual? 中的名词“intellectual”，故第一个分句可译为：我把知识分子定义为这样的个体。
在第二个分句中，介词短语as his primary duty and pleasure in life做状语译为：作为他生命中的主要职责与乐趣；定于从句的先行词做本句主语，应先补充出来译为：这一个体选用苏格拉底的方式思考道德问题。后半句的难点在于as引导的介词短语做状语，作了前置处理，形成倒装形式，使得as his primary duty and pleasure in life将句子的谓语和宾语分开，给学生在考场上的理解和翻译造成了一定的难度，正确的语序应调整为：an individual has elected the activity of thinking in a Socratic way about moral problems as his primary duty and pleasure in life.
整句合并翻译为：
我把知识分子定义为这样的个体：他用苏格拉底的方式思考道德问题，并以此作为其生命中的主要职责与乐趣。
47：His function is analogous to that of a judge, who must accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a manner as possible the course of reasoning which led him to this decision.
本句考查了两个定于从句套用的翻译，划完谓语后，句子可以分为三个分句：
His function is analogous to that of a judge
who must accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a manner as possible the course of reasoning
which led him to this decision
而这其中“analogous”算是个难词。但是有上下文“to that (function) of a judge”这本身就显示“his function”和“that of a judge”之间是某种类比关系，此处的“analogous”正是“类似”的意思，本段所讨论的仍是名词“intellectual”，所以，“His function”应理解为“知识分子的作用”；此外，短语结构 of revealing in as obvious a manner as possible亦可作of revealing in a manner as obvious as possible，译为：以尽可能浅显的方式去揭示； “the course of reasoning”的含义为 “推理的过程”； which led him to his decision这个定语从句较短，可以置于先行词前面翻译。最后，我们按照两个定语从句中的第一句砍开翻译，第二句合并翻译的原则译为：法官必须接受以尽可能浅显的方式揭示使其做出决定的推理过程的义务。由于“义务”的定语较长，我们也可将其从句子中独立出来，即：法官必须接受这一义务，就是以尽可能浅显的方式揭示使其做出决定的推理过程。
整句合并翻译为：
知识分子的'作用与法官的作用类似，后者必须接受这一义务，就是以尽可能浅显的方式揭示使其做出决定的推理过程。
48： I have excluded him because, while his accomplishments may contribute to the solution of moral problems, he has not been charged with the task of approaching any but the factual aspects of those problems.
纵观全句，句子虽长，可是理解还是比较简单的。主要是主句加上一个本身带有让步状语从句的原因状语从句。根据谓语部分全句可划分为：
I have excluded him
Because he has not been charged with the task of approaching any but the factual aspects of those problems
while his accomplishments may contribute to the solution of moral problems
在该句中him按照指代原则应理解为“average scientist”（一般科学家），其后的两个代词he和his也是相同的指代关系，但作为句内指代，我们可以直接译为代词“他”、“他的”即可；本句话的难点在于微观层面的词义把握：“exclude”与“include”相反，是“排除”的意思；“accomplishment”表示“成就”；“contribute to”意为“有利于”，“有助于”；“be charged with”应该是考生最难理解的地方，它最普通的意思是控告，但这里词组“be charged with the task of doing sth.”含义为“被委派做谋事的义务”或“有义务完成……的任务”，而“not…any but…”是固定搭配，表示only，理解为“仅仅”的含义。可见，考研翻译是以一定的词汇量为基础的。第二分句可理解为：因为他仅仅承担了这些问题的事实方面的研究任务；第三个分句是由while引导的在原因状语从句中的让步状语从句，其含义为：虽然他的成就有助于解决道德问题。该句还考查了学生被动句型的翻译技巧，我们应将被动句转主动句型翻译；“他承担了……”，而不是：“他被委派去……”。
整句合并翻译为：
我之所以把普通科学家排除在外，是因为虽然他的成就有助于解决道德问题，但是他仅仅承担了这些问题的事实方面的研究任务。
49：But his primary task is not to think about the moral code, which governs his activity, any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business.
本句考查了比较结构的掌握，由一个比较结构“not……any more than”表示两者相同或类似，和一个非限制性定于从句将全句分割成三部分：
But his primary task is not to think about the moral code
&
[新东方]考研英语翻译深入剖析
Is it true that the American intellectual is rejected and considered of no account in his society? I am going to suggest that it is not true. Father Bruckbergen told part of the story when he observed that it is the intellectuals who have rejected American. But they have done more than that. They have grown dissatisfied with the role of intellectual. It is they, not American, who have become anti-intellectual.
First, the object of our study pleads for definition. What is an intellectual? (46) I shall define him as an intellectual who has elected as his primary duty and pleasure in life the activity of thinking in a Socratic（苏格拉底） way about moral problems. He explores such problems consciously, articulately, and frankly, first by asking factual questions, then by asking moral questions, finally by suggesting action which seems appropriate in the light of the factual and moral information which he has obtained. (47) His function is analogous to that of a judge, who must accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a manner as possible the course of reasoning which led him to this decision.
This definition excludes many individuals usually referred to as intellectuals―the average scientist for one. (48) I have excluded him because, while his accomplishments may contribute to the solution of moral problems, he has not been charged with the task of approaching any but the factual aspects of those problems. Like other human beings, he encounters moral issues even in everyday performance of his routine duties―he is not supposed to cook his experiments, manufacture evidence or doctor his reports. (49) But his primary task is not to think about the moral code, which governs his activity, any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business. During most of his walking life he will take his code for granted, as the businessman takes his ethics.
The definition also excludes the majority of factors, despite the fact that teaching has traditionally been the method whereby many intellectuals earn their living. (50) They may teach very well, and more than earn their salaries, but most of them make little or no independent reflections on human problems which involve moral judgment. This deion even fits the majority eminent scholars. “Being learned in some branch of human knowledge is one thing, living in public and industrious thoughts,” as Emerson would say, “is something else.”
纵观今年的考研翻译题目，我们觉得其难度适中。与近三年的考题相较，20的翻译比的难，而比容易一些。换而言之，今年试题的难度值应该介于0.52与0.53之间。另外，本篇翻译题目就其文体而言，仍然属于近年非常热门的社会科学类文章。由此可见，考研翻译难度总体趋于稳定已成定局。
盘点今年考题，我们发现：传统的考点出现了一边倒的局面，如定语从句、比较结构、指代关系等考点的出现频率有所上升（2004―全是如此），而宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句、被动结构、插入结构等送分型考点的重要性则相对降低。此外，定语从句和指代关系的难度有所下降，而比较结构的难度则有所上升。较之以往，今年的考题，对学生实际运用英语的`能力有更高的要求。
以下，我们将逐一分析此次考试的五道试题：
46：I shall define him as an intellectual who has elected as his primary duty and pleasure in life the activity of thinking in a Socratic way about moral problems.
很明显，本题是以定语从句作为分水岭的，我们由此将句子分成两部分：即主句和定语从句。前一部分中，有以下得分点值得关注：首先，我们应该可以把握“define…as”（把……定义为……）这个词组。然后，我们需要对 “him”做一些处理。这里的“him”我们既可以翻译成为“知识分子”，也可以省略不译。也就是说，前句我们可以翻译成：“我会把‘知识分子’定义为这样的人，他们……”或者是“我对于‘知识分子’的定义是……的人”。再次，本句中出现的“intellectual”（知识分子）是一个高频词汇，曾经在历年的考研试卷中出现过至少20次。在的62题中，“intellectual enquiry”翻译为“知识探究”，可见，“intellectual”本身是一个一词多义的高频词，我们考生在平时的复习过程中需要给予这样的小词以足够的关注。
后一部分，是由who引导的定语从句。在这个从句中，我们首先注意到一个词组“elect…as”（把……作为）。进而我们不难发现，这里由于句子本身的宾语比较长，因此宾语补足语被前置了。即本来是elect A as B这样一个结构，但由于A太长，最终变成了elect as B A这样一个结构，即elected as his primary duty and pleasure in life(B) the activity of thinking in a Socratic way about moral problems(A).从语法角度讲，这就是把S＋V＋O＋C 主谓宾补结构（S＝主语；V＝谓语；O＝宾语；C＝宾补）中的C前置成为S＋V＋C＋O。同样的结构，以往也曾考过，比如20第65题，本来是make something possible，但由于something以及它的修饰成分太长，结果变成了make possible something (which makes possible immense amounts of concrete research and understanding)。同样是possible作为句子的宾补，如果something是短宾语，那么适用make something possible的结构，而如果something是长宾语，那么就适用make possible something的结构。
最后，本句中出现的“moral”（道德）一词也是历年考研试卷中的高频词汇，已经考察近30次了。
综上，本句可以翻译为：“我会把‘知识分子’定义为这样的人，他们把以苏格拉底的方式来思考道德问题的活动作为人生的主要任务和乐趣。”
47：His function is analogous to that of a judge, who must accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a manner as possible the course of reasoning which led him to this decision.
本句同样考到（非限制性）定语从句，所以句子也可以分成主句和定语从句两部分。主句部分相对容易，而这其中“analogous”算是个难词。但是有上下文“to that (function) of a judge”这本身就显示“his function”和“that of a judge”之间是某种类比关系。而此处的“analogous”正是“类似”的意思。
定语从句部分则相对较难，也是本句翻译的关键。众所周知，理解长难句的关键是找出主干，本句定语从句的主干就是“who must accept the obligation”，而“obligation”后面全部是修饰成分――整个定语从句是从句套从句的复杂结构，无法很好地融合在同一个修饰成分中，所以不妨采取后置法，通过重复先行词把本句定语从句译成：“后者（即法官―作者注）必须接受如下（这一）义务，即……”。
此外，这个定语从句对语言的运用能力要求更高，比如“in as obvious a manner as possible”是“reveal”（揭示）的“manner”（方式），因此，本结构亦可作“in a manner as obvious as possible”（以尽可能浅显的方式）。
再比如，“revealing”的宾语本来是“the course of reasoning which led him to this decision”，但中间插入了较长的方式状语“in as obvious a manner as possible”，这就给理解造成一定困难。
还有，which led him to this decision是一个简短的定语从句，可以作为一个修饰成分。因此我们不妨采用前置法，把该定语从句作为中心词的修饰语。其中值得注意的是“lead to”这个词组在考研翻译中也已经出现数次了。
由此，我们可以如下翻译：“知识分子的作用与法官类似，后者必须接受如下义务，即以尽可能浅显的方式揭示导致他做出某一决定的推理过程。”
48：I have excluded him because, while his accomplishments may contribute to the solution of moral problems, he has not been charged with the task of approaching any but the factual aspects of those problems.
纵观全句，句子虽长，可是理解还是比较简单的。主要是主句加上一个本身带有让步状语从句的原因状语从句。
主句部分主要考察了指代关系。其中，当第一次出现代词“him”的时候，考生不难发现它指代的就是最近的中心词“average scientist”（一般科学家）。而在后面的原因状语从句中，则再一次考察了“his”的指代关系。根据“代一不代二”的原则，同句出现反复指代，那么只要翻译首次出现的代词即可。因此，这里的“his”可以直接翻译为“他的”。
People attend college or university for many different reasons (for example, new experiences, career preparation, increased knowledge).
Why do you think people attend college or university? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
People attend colleges or universities for a lot of different reasons.
Career preparation is becoming more and more important to young people.
For many, this is the primary reason to go to college, They know that the job market is competitive.
At college, they can learn new skill for careers with a lot of opportunities.
This means careers, such as information technology, that are expected to need a large workforce in the coming years.
Also, students go to colleges and universities to have new experiences.
This often means having the opportunity to meet people different from those in their hometowns.
For most students, going to college is the first time they’ve been away from home by themselves.
In additions, this is the first time they’ve had to make decisions on their own.
Making these decisions increases their knowledge of themselves.
Besides looking for self-knowledge, people also attend a university or college to expand their knowledge in subjects they find interesting.
For many, this will be their last chance for a long time to learn about something that doesn’t relate to their career.
I would recommend that people not be so focused on a career.
They should go to college to have new experiences and learn about themselves and the world they live in.
[2.图画/图表描述段] From these graphs, we can draw a conclusion that, with the growth of human population, the number of species has decreased rapidly in America, and some species have even vanished from our planet.
[6.原因列军段]Why does this phenomenon appear? There are several possible reasons for this. Above all, as the human population grows rapidly, a growing number of people came to live where some wild species have been living. Then these species have to move to other places. Some of them probably can not adapt to the new environment and die. In addition, although many people look on the wildlife as their friends, some people may not think so. They catch a lot of wild animals and sell them in order to get more money. Even worse(坏)/More importantly(好), as the result(中性) /consequence(贬义)of the industry, the natural balance and the ecologic environment are destroyed. The clear cutting has become increasingly serious. So some of the wildlife become homeless and extinct.
[10.建议措施段]In order to protect the wildlife, I have some suggestions. First, the governments should make laws to prevent them from being caught and killed. Second, the governments should educate people to love nature and protect it. Third, as for ourselves, we should take practical actions to protect our living environment.
6 烟草生产和消费(大纲样题)
[1.现象/现状说明段]The majority of people would agree that cigarette smoking has caused serious problems. But the tobacco companies insist that they contribute greatly to the world economy by paying taxes to the government and employing hundreds of workers.
[4.利弊说明段]Personally, I believe that cigarette production and consumption threatens to do more harm than good. Firstly, smoking is responsible for many fatal diseases such as lung cancer, heart diseases and so on. According to the survey, tobacco consumers account for about 20% of the world population, and among them, three million people die from smoking-related diseases every year. The fact that the output of tobacco production is reduced from 143.64 billion pounds in 1994 to 142 billion pounds in 1995 also suggests that people have come to realize the negative effects of smoking. Secondly, tobacco consumption is extremely wasteful of money. As is indicated in the pictures, 200 billion US dollars is lost due to smoking each year. Obviously, the total loss of money around the globe substantially exceeds the gain in the industry.
[8.归纳结论段]In conclusion, as the economic development aims at making our life better, we cannot sacrifice our health for short-term financial benefits. If we have to spend more and more money providing medical services for those who suffer from smoking-related illnesses, the notion of promoting economy via tobacco production is not justifiable. It is high time that we fought for the total tobacco ban.
更多英语作文推荐如下：
高考英语作文万能句子
新东方考研英语辅导笔记
阅读理解部分
一、阅读文章
1. 来源:西方的报刊杂志
2. 文体:议论文，说明文，记叙文，应用文
3. 历年考题:多为社会科学，自然科学，人文科学
4. 大纲
5. key word: 1Close reading, 2阅读三步走 348精读击破法
1 Close reading:
第一、精读要达到:首先，分析文章，对题目中的四个选项要做分析。正确的选项要做分析，错误的选项也要做分析。其次，把文章中的单词要背会、要全部熟悉掌握。长句子要摘取下来背诵，翻译。对于重点文章，有时需要背诵全文。
第二、如何精读48篇文章:首先是单词量；其次是难句；最后是解题思路。
第三、对于文章则可以多角度的读，题目也可以多角度的分析。
248精读击破法复习方式:以点代面，切忌题海战术！
第一、精度的角度。首先是单词量；其次是对阅读中的长句、难句进行分析；最后要对题目进行分析。
第二、泛读的目的。第一是增强背景知识；第二是锻炼抓住文章中心的能力。
第三、建议要读以下三本杂志:Time, Newsweek, Economist.
二、阅读三步走:
1. 通读全文，抓住中心（不推荐采用先看题目后读文章的做法）
1) 通读全文。 1 首段 2 其他各段的段首段尾句。
2) 抓住中心。 1文章叙述的主要内容是什么？2文章中有无提到核心概念？3作者大致态度是什么？
2. 仔细审题返回原文
1) 通常是由题干出发，使用寻找关键词定位原则。大写字母，地名，时间，数字等。
2) 自然段定位原则:出题顺序与行文的顺序是大体一致的。
3. 重叠选项，得出答案。重叠原文?即对照原文。
⑴原则一:1∶1原则（通读时间与做题时间对等）
⑵原则二:首段原则（不要怕重复和回读）首段的作用:1中心段 2抛砖引玉
⑶原则三:首末句原则，即除首段和末段，其余各段的首末句一定要读懂，其他各句正常阅读
三、阅读困难:
1. 单词量不大（要熟看考验英语大纲），句型结构复杂（将每篇文章中的难句摘录下来，加以背诵）
2. 作者的观点具有一点的隐蔽性
3. 选项的迷惑性
四、做题误区:
1. 做得太快，做题靠印象或直觉。
2. 先看题后读文章与先读文章后看题目的比较。
四六级考试可先看题后读文章。考研阅读:通读全文，重点读首段、其他各段的段首、段尾句。然后其他部分可以略读。?做题。
3. 不知如何做记号。阅读中需要做记号的有:
第一、标志类、指示类的信息。（时间、地点、人名、国名）。
第二、显示文章结构的信息。（中心句、核心概念、以及两个标志词 although 表转折；furthermore 表递进）。
五、标点符号:
1.“。”句号，分隔句子。以“。”为单位，把段分隔成块，而后逐个击破。
2.“，”逗号，两个逗号之间是补充说明成份时，在阅读过程中可以跳过去不读。英文中的逗号是无力连接两个句子的，
3.“:”冒号，后面进一步补充说明前面的内容，冒号的前后有一个从抽象到具体的过程。
4.“；”分号，并列结构，语义上的并列，结构上的并列。
5.“――”破折号，两个“――”之间是补充说明成份，可以先不去读。
6.““””引号，引用某人的观点，反讽，讽刺。引用的目的:不论是正面还是反面引述都是为了说明核心概念、中心思想。否则就没有意义。
7.“”补充说明，解释生词。
六.阅读方法总结:
微观阅读方法 1. 抓主干
2. 看标点符号
3. 被动变主动
4. 消减否定法
5. 重新断句
6. 对照法----即抓一些重点词:namely, likewise, in other words, that is to say.
（1） 如in other words 等词组
（2） 转折词: but, yet, although, however, in contrast.
（3） 表结果的词: thus, as a result, consequence.
（4） 表递进的词: furthermore, in addition to.
（5） 表重要的词: prime, above all, first of all.
宏观阅读方法:怎样对待一篇文章
1. 一般来说任何文章都是讲一个主题。
2. 注意看清文章是由几个自然段构成。同时要看清文章的段与段之间是顺成结构还是转折结构。
3. 注意抓两类文体:A议论文抓作者中心观点和作者态度。B说明文抓说明对象和作者态度。
4. 注意文章的一些固有结构
（1） 起承传合型 :注意抓出起、合的前后呼应。1994年Passage 5
（2） 花开两朵型 :注意抓出两个核心概念的区别和联系。
（3） 问题答案型 :一般来说，问题就是文章的中心，阅读的目的是为了寻找答案。
（4）平铺直叙型 :注意抓首段和中心。
（5） 开门见山型 :
正确答案的特征
1. 正确答案经常与中心思想有关。
2. 正确答案的位置:段首段尾处、转折处、因果处。----最常见的三个位置。
3. 正确答案经常运用的原则:同义替换，正话反说、反话正说。
4. 从语气角度看:正确答案当中经常含有不肯定语气词和委婉表达的用词。如:can, may, might, possible, not necessarily, some.
5. 正确答案经常具有概括性和深刻性，不能只见树木不见森林。
错误答案的特征 1.第一个大层次:（1）正反混淆（选项的意思跟原文的`意思正好相反）
（2）无中生有（未提及的概念）
（3）所答非所问（虽然选项的说法没有问题，符合原文，但和题干也搭不上边）
2.第二个大层次:（1）过分绝对
（2）扩大范围（注意隐蔽性的扩大范围 mostly）
（3）因果倒置 Because
（4）常识判断
（5）推的过远
（6）就事论事
（7）偏离中心
（8）变换词性
段落固有模式
1. 中心句（段首句）-----具体论述-----中心句（段尾句）
如果段首句和段尾句是呼应的话，那么它们之间的话是支持句，可能反着说一下，但最终支持段首或段尾主题句的。 例如:P1 ,第二段、 P12 , 倒数第二段、 P31 ,第三段、 P34 ,第二段
2. 中心句（段首句）-----具体论述
3. 过渡句-----具体论述 例如:P2 ,最后一段、 P40 ,第一段
4. 中心句（段首句）-----具体论述------转折------具体论述 例如:P25 ,第二段
5. 具体论述-----中心句（段尾句） 例如:P27 ,第一段、 P50 ,第二篇 第一段
6. 句句展开式（无明显主题句）。指比较短的段落。如只有三、四行的段落。这样就没有必要在段首给出一个中心，后面再展开。而是直接把事情给描述一下就可以了。
指代题 1. 返回原文，找出出题的指代词
2. 向上搜索，找最近的名词、名词性短语或句子
3. 将找出的词、词组或句子的意义代入替换该指代词，看其意思是否通顺
4. 将找到的词、词组或句子与四个选项进行比较，找出最佳答案
主旨题的解题思路―串线摘帽 即在自然段少的时候串串线，串线法解不出来时，大帽子、小帽子摘一下。 第五篇 P93
The bar chart above demonstrates clearly and logically that some obvious changes have taken place in terms of different car brands in China's market. In accordance to the figures in the diagram, one can observe that the percentage of Chinese cars has witnessed an evident rise ,while the percentage of Janpanese cars has been on a considerable drop. Sprecifically speaking ,the percentage of Chinese cars increased from 25percent in to almost 35 percent in .
Such tendency mirrored by the graph can be attributed to a number of factors, but the following two may carry more conviention. One factor is that the economy has developed rapidly in recent years, and therefore there would be more money avaliable for cars. Another factor is that the evolution in the field of Chinese science and techology directly contributes to such phenomenon reflected by the graph.
Take what has been analyed into consideratiPn, we may saftely draw a conclusion: the current trend is positive and therefore acceptable. And I am firmly certain that this trend will continve in the years to come.
点评：
整篇文章179词，符合考研英语二大作文的写作要求。一般来说，比题目要求的多出20词左右的作文是最佳的，最好不要刚好压着题目要求的最低字数。而且，这位同学在句子的开头空出了四个字符也很好，这一点和中文中的空出两个汉字有所区别。但是，这篇作文也不可避免的存在一些问题：
⑴单词拼写问题
第一段第四行Sprecifically应为specifically; 第三段第一句中analyed应为analyzed, consideratiPn 应该是consideration.
⑵语法问题
①may carry more conviention表达不准确，应该改成may carry more attention;
②Take what has been analyed into consideratiPn,这句话有问题，这个句子中有两个动词Take和has been analyed, has been analyed在what引导的从句中，只能是what从句的谓语动词，那take应该是句子的谓语动词吧，可是句子没有主语，再往后看我们会发现“we may saftely draw a conclusion”主谓宾齐全，是个结构完整的句子，这样一来前面就只是分词作状语了，表示主动，那就应该用现在分词Taking.所以这句话就可以改成：
Taking what has been analyzed into account, we may saftely draw a conclusion that the current trend is positive and therefore acceptable.
③可能有许多同学会觉得第二段的理由阐述部分自己分析的不是很对，写的不太好，文都英语老师告诉大家，其实没关系。因为，对于同一问题，不同的人肯定“仁者见仁，智者见智”，只要能够自圆其说、令人信服就可以了;
④总的来说，这篇文章写的还行。如果能够把第一段少写点，中间论述充分点，最好能做到“两头小，中间大”，那就更好了。
作文和其他部分不同，只有多写多练才能找到问题所在。文都英语老师希望小伙伴们平时多多训练，相信有志者最终能够梦想成真!
今年是新六级的第一次考试，笔者仔细研究了真题，并根据多年阅读的教学经验，以下就阅读部分进行一个分析。
第一部分 新六级考试阅读题型
在这次考试中和样卷一样，阅读一共分成两个部分:快速阅读部分(fast reading)占整张试卷分值的10%和仔细阅读部分（careful reading）占整张试卷分值的25%。仔细阅读部分的考试题型又分为两种：a) 短句问答 (short answer question)；b) 选择题型的篇章阅读理解。
第二部分 快速阅读部分
快速阅读要求考生在15分钟内完成一篇1500字左右的文章和后面的10道题。前面4个题是判断正误（y/n/ng），后6个是填空题(答案基本都是原文中出现的原词)。和新四级相比，文章更长了，填空题的数量由3个增加一倍到6个，这也符考试要增加对主观题型的考察的趋势。该题型需要通过略读和寻读法，乃至文章逻辑关系、标点符号等方面的综合运用，实现对随后的题目有效的判断和填写。
面对快速阅读这样一种新题型，考生最关键要具备通过题干中的中心词快速定位的能力。何谓中心词？大致可以分为三种：1）时间、数字、地点、大写字母（如这次考试的第5题的，第9题中的500，000，第10题中的next two decades）2）专有名词（如第一题中的人名，第4题中australian,第6题中的hilton hotel）3)表征范围大小程度高低的副词和限定性修饰性的形容词(如第8题中的the most expensive)。如果能找到这些词，定位都是非常简单的，那么快速阅读也至少成功一大半了
第三部分 短句问答
这就是我们原本四级经常考察的简答题，要求考生在10分钟的时间里读懂一篇400字左右长度的文章，用正确简洁的语言回答后面的5个问题或者是补全句子。考试题型以细节事实题为主，主旨题、词义题为辅。因为简答和快速阅读的出题顺序和作者论证的顺序基本一致，所以考生做题时依然和快速阅读一样应该先读题目，再读文章！来源：
我们在完成简答题的时候，应该从内容和语言两个方面着手。
首先内容方面：a.回答要与题干范围想吻合，切勿答非所问
b.尽量简洁：原则，能用单词的不用词组，能用词组的不用句子（用句子的三种情况：1）以why开头问的问题 2）以what suggestion/opinion/result开头问的， 3)题中要求补全句子的）；
其次语言方面：1）照搬原则：a.以词和词组回答的完全照搬 b.以四个或四个一下词组成句子的可照搬 c.对于较长句子，可用代词替换名词，动词替换词组
2）注意一些语言与语法上的错误错误地方：主谓不一致；时态不对应（问题是什么时态，回答也是什么时态）；单词拼写与句法结构。
第四部分 选择题型的篇章阅读理解这部分是考生们最为熟悉的四选一的选择题。新老试卷的区别主要体现在两个方面：一是由原来的四篇文章二十道题目变为两篇文章十道题目；二是对时间要求更高了，从原来的35分钟四篇提升到15分钟两篇，这也体现出今后四六级的发展趋势，以强调速读为主。当然从这次考试中也出现了一些令人欣喜地现象就是文章长度明显缩短了。而其他无论是从选材的特点，文章的长度，出题的思路，解题的技巧都是秉承了传统，考生们还是应该根据历年的真题，好好复习。从这次真题看，第一篇是纯自然科学的生理学的一篇文章，就讲人的恐惧是怎么样在人的身体里产生的，是通过生理上讲到人的脑子里有神经元，神经元在人的脑子里一个叫扁桃核的地方，神经元、扁桃核这种词在试卷中已经注出来了。讲到人们怎么样子看到一个恐怖的东西或者是恐怖的信息，会在脑子中产生一些恐怖的念头，而且不知道应该如何去做等等这样一些基本的情况。最后一篇阅读理解的文章是一个社会科学经济学的一篇文章，它讲到的是一个问题，关于在商学院中进行经济伦理教育的问题。文章难度也不大，讲的内容也是大家很容易理解的一个内容，培养一个合格的mba的毕业生，不仅要求这个人有很好的管理才能，而且要道德上特别是在遵纪守法上要有一个比较高的标准。新六级主要还是考察考生们两大能力，即主题和定位。要求考生读完一篇文章之后，能够抓住文章的主题，然后根据题干中的中心词迅速返回原文定位到一句话，最后根据同义改写的原则，选出正确答案。
【作者：上海新东方汪忠平】
Recent years have witnessed a substantial increase in the use of the word “fan”--- cinema fans, jazz fans, especially football fans. To show their love for their idols, these fans are willing to do anything. As is described in the first photo, a young man paints the name of Beckham on his face. While in the second photo, another man is “transforming” his appearance into Beckham by having his hair cut in “Beckham-style”. To this end he has to pay 300 yuan---at least 20 times as much as the normal price.
Undoubtedly, what the cartoon describes goes far beyond Beckham and a haircut. Instead, it conveys the message that an increasing number of people have become fans of various idols in modern society. This is all right. At least it shows that people in modern society can afford the time and money to support whomever they adore and whatever they have a passion for. It goes without saying that the adoration and passion can enrich our life, which is otherwise quite dull.
owever, fans, if going too far, will do more harm than good. First of all, like the man in the second photo, fans have to pay for their “beloved” a lot of their hard-earned money, which might be used for better purpose, say, to help the impoverished children from poverty-stricken families back to school. To make matters worse, fans waste a considerable amount of valuable time because they often go out of their way to court the excitement of meeting their “beloved” face to face. Worst of all, supporters of different idols sometimes go insane as to fight to death for their own “god’.
To conclude, it is costly for fans in terms of money and time and, in some cases, life if they go to the extreme in pursuit of what they love. Rather than having a haircut for 300 yuan, it is advisable for us to spend more time improving ourselves by flipping through the pages of Shakespeare, appreciating the idyllic landscapes of Leonardo da Vinci, enjoying the enchanting rhythms of Beethoven and watching Beckham’s wonderful performance in the field occasionally.
新东方考研英语大作文题目预测(一)
Study the following drawing carefully and write an essay to
1) describe the drawing,
2) deduce the purpose of the painter of the drawing, and
3) suggest counter-measures.
You should write about 160―200 words neatly ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)
企业社会责任 缺乏社会责任
文章的象征含义是：企业社会责任；缺乏社会责任
范文：
When the issue of poisonous milk powder gains an overwhelming focus from the public, what are these malefactors doing? As we can see from the depiction, enterprise, milk station, milk cow and even grass are trying to find someone scapegoating for this credit crisis, in my view point, that’s nothing to do with the credit but the problem of responsibility.
Responsibility is a keyword that we should never disregard,defined not only as the courage to face every foreseeable risk, but as the braveness to entail every malpractice when it really takes place as well. The causes of the shortage of responsibility or even conscience may be as follows. Firstly, inner cause ascribing probably to the destructive influence emanating from the decay of morality may result in the over-materialism .Furthermore, outerly ,deficient supervisal gives rise to the fearless adventurer who is at the risk of anything ,not to say to deviate from his own liability ,to pursue as many as profits. A case in point is the Melamine-laced Milk Incident which almost destroyed the whole of China’s milk industry.
It is imperative that drastic measures should be taken to end this thorny situation, such as enacting related law to reinforce our supervisal mechanism to avoid the behavior of kicking the ball when something bad happen and promoting social entities to regain one of Chinese traditional virtues, which is called “who would enter the hell if I wouldn’t”, that means, undoubtedly, to learn to be responsible for the blunder means sensible Unflinchingness.
(感谢南昌新东方朱伟)
考研英语完形填空部分标准答案(新东方)
昨天下午的完形填空初看是一篇关于动物智能方面的文章，可能算得上是一篇偏重科技的文章，但文章的作者在行文中却闪烁着人文的光辉。此文章最先刊登在5月7日的《纽约时报》上，原文的标题是 The Cost of Smarts，翻译过来就是“聪明的代价”，考研命题专家在选择时，原文的四段只选用了其中的三段。
文章的`作者叫 VERLYN KLINKENBORG 生于1952年，是个作家(非小说类)，成为纽约时报的编委之一。他著作颇丰，并在几所大学教授文学课程。1991年，还获得过读者文摘的作者奖。这样一个背景的作者，其写关于智能的文章，其角度一定是不同于普通的科普文章的。
关于答案，只要把原文对应一下，大家应该相信我下面的就是标准答案了。
Research on animal intelligence always makes me wonder just how smart humans are. Consider (第1题答案为B) the fruit-fly experiments described in Carl Zimmer’s piece in the Science Times on Tuesday. Fruit flies who were taught to be smarter than the average fruit fly tended (第2题答案为A) to live shorter lives. This suggests that dimmer (第3题答案为D)bulbs burn longer, that there is an advantage (第4题答案为B)in not being too terrifically bright.
Intelligence, it turns out (第5题答案为C), is a high-priced option. It takes more upkeep, burns more fuel and is slow off (第6题答案为A)the starting line because it depends on learning ― a gradual (第7题答案为D)process― instead of instinct. Plenty of other species are able to learn, and one of the things they’ve apparently learned is when to stop. (第8题答案为C)
Is there an adaptive value to limited(第9题答案为B) intelligence? That’s the question behind this new research. I like it. Instead of casting a wistful glance backward (第10题答案为D) at all the species we’ve left in the dust I.Q.-wise, it implicitly asks what the real costs (第11题答案为D) of our own intelligence might be. This is on (第12题答案为B) the mind of every animal I’ve ever met.
(Every chicken that looks at you sideways ― which is how they all look at you ― is really saying what Thoreau said less succinctly: you are endeavoring to solve the problem of a livelihood by a formula more complicated than the problem itself. Thoreau himself would not dispute that he was hoping to recover the chicken’s point of view. He went to Walden Pond “to remember well his ignorance.”)
Research on animal intelligence also makes me wonder what experiments animals would perform (第13题答案为C) on humans if they had the chance. Every cat with an owner, for instance(第14题答案为D), is running a small-scale study in operant conditioning. I believe that if(第15题答案为A) animals ran the labs, they would test us to determine(第16题答案为C) the limits of our patience, our faithfulness, our memory for terrain. They would try to decide what intelligence in humans is really for(第17题答案为B), not merely how much of it there is.Above all(第18题答案为A), they would hope to study a fundamental (第19题答案为A) question: Are humans actually aware of the world they live in? So far (第20题答案为C) the results are inconclusive.
新东方10大功能段落―
第一段：[1.现象/现状说明段] [2.图画/图表描述段]
第二段：[3.对立观点陈诉段]（四，六级多用） [4.利弊说明段]
[5.意义阐述段] [6.原因列军段] [7.举例段]
第三段：[8.归纳结论段] [9.趋势预测段] [10建议措施段]
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第一部分 图画作文 （四篇）
1. 关于爱心 （01年真题）
Love is a lamp
[1.现象/现状说明段] Love is of utmost importance to us humans. Everybody not only needs love, but also should give others love. As can be seen from the picture, “love is a lamp which is brighter in darker places. ” This is indeed true. People in darker places need more light than other people. Maybe even a dim light can give them much hope for a better life. Maybe just a thread of light will call forth their strength and courage to help them step out of their difficulties.
[7.举例段] I can think of no better illustration of this idea than the following example(s).For instance when someone is starving to death, just a little food and water from you may save his(her) life. Again, when a little girl in a poor rural area drops out of school because of poverty, just a small sum of money from you may support her to finish school and change her life. In these case/circumstances you have given love which is like a lamp in a dark place where light is most needed.
[8.归纳结论段] To sum up, we should offer our help to all the needed. We expect to get love from others and we also give love to others. So when you see someone in difficulty or in distress and in need of help, don't hesitate to give your love to him (her). I believe that the relationship between people will be harmonious and that our society will be a better place for us to live in.
2. 空气污染(隐形杀手)
[2.图画/图表描述段] Pollution is becoming more and more serious all over the world. As is shown in the cartoon, two cars are giving off waste gas and three people are trying to avoid breathing in the poisonous gas by masking their face with their hands. The poisonous gas sent off by factories, domestic appliances and automobiles has made the air unhealthy for people to breathe.
[5.意义阐述段] There is no denying that automobiles are indications of civilization, progress and development; nevertheless , automobiles cause the serious problem of air pollution. Scientists have warned that unless effective measures are taken, the problem of pollution will eventually get out of hand. Actually, people are showing a real concern over the problem. For example, there is an increasingly loud voice from the public for firm action against pollution from automobiles.
[10建议措施段]Indeed, the earth is our home and we have the duty to take care of it for ourselves and for our descendants. In my opinion, we should work out concrete solutions to the problem of pollution from poisonous gas given off by automobiles. For example, the automobiles should be equipped with a device which can dispose of waste gas so as to prevent it from polluting air. Only in this way can we really solve the problem of air pollution caused by automobiles.
3. 沙漠化
[2.图画/图表描述段]As is shown in the picture, we can see clearly the relation ship between people and desert. In the left hand picture, people are fleeing from greedy sand hills because they cut down all the trees. The caption reads, ”As the sand advances, we retreat.” In the right hand picture, the people have returned carrying tools, water, and young trees to plant the land again. The caption reads: “As we advance, the sand retreats. ”
[5.意义阐述段]It seems to me that the cartoonist is sending a message about the importance of trees in water and soil conservation and the need for everyone to fight against the danger of the desertification. In fact, what he is saying is that the sand hills will drive away from the land if we do fight against the sand. If we let this situation continue as it is , our environment will suffer a great destruction.
[10.建议措施段]The best way to fight back against the greedy desert in made clear in the second picture. There the local people are actively setting about the task of planting trees to reclaim the land and make it fertile. The fact that there are three people in the picture, each with a different job suggests that working together is the key to success in the battle against soil erosion.
4. 商业捕鱼（00年真题）
A Brief History of World Commercial Fishing
[2.图表描述段] As is shown in the pictures ,with the increase of commercial fishing ,the number of fishes dramatically(sharply) decreased .In one pictures ,there were various kinds of fish and only one fishing-boat in 1900 .On the contrary ,in1995 there was only one fish ,with many fishing-boats.
[5.意义阐述段] The purpose of this picture is to show us that due (great enough) attention has to be paid to the decrease (decline) of ocean resources .Owing to over-fishing the number of fishes has obviously dropped .If we let this situation go (continue) as it is ,we do not know where fish will be in the future .By that time ,our environment will suffer a great destruction .
[10.建议措施段] Therefore ,it is imperative for us to take drastic (effective) measures .For one thing ,we should appeal to our authorities to make strict laws to control commercial fishing .For another ,we should enhance(imperative arouse) the awareness of people that the ocean resources are very vital to us .Only in this way can we protect our ocean resources .Also I believe that we humans can overcome this difficulty ,and we will have a brighter future .
第二部分 图表作文（三篇）
5. 人口增长对野生动物的影响（99年真题）
[2.图画/图表描述段] From these graphs, we can draw a conclusion that, with the growth of human population, the number of species has decreased rapidly in America, and some species have even vanished from our planet.
[6.原因列军段]Why does this phenomenon appear? There are several possible reasons for this. Above all, as the human population grows rapidly, a growing number of people came to live where some wild species have been living. Then these species have to move to other places. Some of them probably can not adapt to the new environment and die. In addition, although many people look on the wildlife as their friends, some people may not think so. They catch a lot of wild animals and sell them in order to get more money. Even worse(坏)/More importantly(好), as the result（中性） /consequence（贬义）of the industry, the natural balance and the ecologic environment are destroyed. The clear cutting has become increasingly serious. So some of the wildlife become homeless and extinct.
[10.建议措施段]
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