以下是小编为大家准备的考友经验谈:英语六级短文改错的解题方法(共含10篇),欢迎大家前来参阅。同时,但愿您也能像本文投稿人“翻糖蛋糕”一样,积极向本站投稿分享好文章。
考友经验谈:英语六级短文改错的解题方法
1、三步法解题
(1)通读全文,了解全文大意和主题;
(2)找错并改正; (3)通读全文,核对检验。
2、解题步骤
(1)在理解句子的基础上,先从动词、句法的角度判断有无这方面的'错误以及错误的位置;
(2)确定无句法错误后,再考虑用法、搭配和近形近义方面的错误;
(3)在排除了上述两种可能后,应着重从语篇角度寻找有无上下文语义方面的错误(注意连接性词语和那些可能有反义词的词);
(4)注意标有题号的各行与上行或下行相临处的错误;
(5)若经过以上步骤还无法判断错误所在,则应暂时放弃该行,而继续往下做,待做完全文,对全文有更深入、更完整的理解的基础上进行检验时再作判断。宜从介词及一些简单而易被忽视的语法角度的“细微处”多加考虑。
There are great many reasons for studying what philosophers 1.___have said in the past. One is that we cannot separate the history of philosophy from which of science. Philosophy is 2.__large discussion about matters on which few people are quite 3.__certain, and those few hold opposite opinions. As knowledge increases, philosophy buds off the sciences. For an example, in the ancient world and the Middle Ages 4.___philosophers discussed motion. Aristotle and St. Thomas Aquinas taught that a moving body would slow down until a force 5.___were constantly applied to it. They were wrong. It goes on moving unless something slows it down. But they had good arguments on their side, and if we study these, and the experiments which proved them right this will help us to distinguish truth 6.___from false in the scientific controversies of today. 7.__We also see how different philosopher reflects the social 8.___ life of his day. Plato and Aristotle, in the slave-owning society of ancient Greece, thought man’s highest state was contemplation rather than activity. In the Middle Ages St. Thomas believed a regular feudal system of nine ranks of angels. Herbert 9.___Spencer, in the time of free competition between capitalists, found the key to progress as the survival of the fittest. Thus 10.___Marxism is seen to fit into its place
作者:汪伦
短文改错题是高考必考题型之一。该题虽然题型较小,但它的灵活性却很大,覆盖面广,综合性强,测试层次多。它考查的目标既涉及语言知识的多个方面(词法、句法、语篇结构、行文逻辑等),又涵盖理解、分析、运用和整体思维等诸方面能力,甚至涉及考生临阵状态下的沉着、冷静、细致、耐心和敏捷反应、灵活性等心理素质。所以,要做好该类题,笔者认为考生要掌握以下方法和技巧。
一、通览全文,整体把握。
首先要通读短文,在把握文章意义走向的前提下,逐句审读、理解、分析。因为语句是在一个特定的语言大环境下发生的,每一具体语句都不能离开特定的语境而独立存在,而语言又只能以句子而不能以单词为意义表达单位。所以,理解与分析要特别注意上下文兼顾、照应,上下文密切联系、提示,无论语句意思或语句结构,都切忌分割、独立、片面理解,以免一叶障目、顾此失彼。
二、分清错误类型,做到心中有数。
现行的高考改错题的改错类型一般有以下四种:①正确;②错词;③多词;
④缺词。每行最多只设置一处错误,错误词往往是语法错误或搭配错误。
多余的单词往往是结构词,这时要根据所涉及到的词类的特点、搭配和含义及全句的结构和意义,判断出多余的单词。
缺词往往是介词、连词、冠词等虚词。这些词往往与其前后搭配有关。见到名词应考虑其前是否缺了冠词;见到重叠动词应考虑其间是否缺少与之搭配的介词或其它词;见到固定搭配应考虑到是否完整;不是固定搭配要注意行文习惯或逻辑上的错误。
三、分行把关,分析判断。
如前所言,短文改错题的错误每行只有一个,倘若对一行的错误改过以后,紧接着下一行出现两个错误,那么,肯定上行改错有误,必须加以纠正。如:
Because Mary's father was ill, 1. ________
so she had to stay home and looked him. 2. ________
单纯考虑第一行,可以认为该行正确,但第二行则出现两处错误,显然不妥。Because不能和so同时出现在一个句子中;looked后应加介词after,表示“照看”。故改正方法是:第一行划掉Because,第二行在looked后加after。
四、既要保持平常心态,又要高度警觉。
值得注意的是,短文改错题所设置的错误并非多么难解,不必有意钻牛角尖,刻意地找错。相反,它们大部分(占60%以上)只是一些常用的短语词组、固定搭配的用法,或仅是一些常见的语法规则的一般应用,其中许多可能就是考生自己平时经常犯的错误。
五、运用英语逻辑思维,克服汉语习惯干扰。
历年的高考短文改错题都重点针对词组、短语、固定搭配、动词非谓语形式及并列平行结构、复合句关系词用法等方面设置错误点。面对这些错误,很多考生做题时却常常不能发现或不能作出正确判断。这一方面可能是粗心大意所致,但另一种更深层次的原因,则更多是受汉语习惯的干扰,忽略英语表达习惯或忽视英语语法规则--英语的语言逻辑,致使考生“判不明、拿不准”。鉴于此,考生应在平时的学习中,大量接触正规的、地道的语言,注意观察,熟记完整的短语、词组、习惯表达方式,熟练掌握一些基本的语法规则,并通过平时的多种训练进行巩固、强化,使其在头脑中扎下根来,形成自己的表达习惯。这样,在做题时,即使有时说不明为什么,但根据感觉和表达习惯都可以作出正确的判断,这就是我们通常所说的“语感”。在英语学习中,培养正确的语感是十分重要的。
但仅有语感还远远不够,尤其在做题时,考生还应该注意运用英语的语言逻辑进行思维和表达,要学会运用所学的有关语法规则,去分析、思考和判断所遇到的词组、短语或句子。概括起来,就是一句话:扎实的语言基本功和正确的思维逻辑是做好高考短文改错题的根本保证。
六、复读全文,验证答案。
为了使改错题达到自己理想的成绩,最后一道手续也是必不可少的:这就是从头至尾细读一遍改正后的短文,看看全文语句是否连贯流畅,行文逻辑是否合乎情理,全篇结构是否严密完整,对多词、少词、错词及正确行所做的标记是否符合出题者的要求。复读时,若遇到不通顺或欠妥之处,应进一步细改分析、推敲、对某些百思不得其解的答案,要对自己有信心,切忌乱改动,还是按第一次语感来确定为好。当然,对自己有把握判断的答案,如果确认第一次错了,应予以改正。
浅谈短文改错做题方法
在近年的`高等学校招生全国统一考试中,英语测试卷都设置有短文改错题.它主要考查学生学习语言、运用语言的综合能力.它的分值也由以前的10分增加到15分.可见平时加大短文改错的练习是必须也是必要的.怎样才能帮助学生摆脱“做短文改错难”的困境呢?笔者就改错做题方法提出一些建议,浅谈一些体会.
作 者:李艳玲 作者单位:黄骅中学,河北・黄骅,061100 刊 名:科教文汇 英文刊名:EDUCATION SCIENCE & CULTURE MAGAZINE 年,卷(期): “”(7) 分类号:G633.4 关键词:短文改错 做题方法与技巧 整体把握改动以最少为原则; 虚词以添加或删除为原则; 实词以改变词形为原则;以保持句子原意为原则。
短文改错解题步骤:通读全文,掌握大意; 整句分析,逐行推敲反复通读,复查验证。解题注意要点和能力培养:
1.核对错项时,若的确有一时难以改出的地方,可以参考所改动项是否基本符合“1:1:8”的比例。即多一词1个,缺词1个,错词8个。
2.核对改正的语法项目是否有重复。因为短文改错往往覆盖面广,一般不会出现重复考查某个语法点的现象。
3.核对答题符号是否规范,位置是否准确,看看有无遗漏符号,忽略字母大小写和拼写等问题。
1. 谓语动词的错误是历年考试的重点和热点,常见动词错误类型有①一般现在时与一般过去时错用;②and前后动词时态不一致;③主谓不一致;
④缺少动词,特别是be动词; ⑤第三人称单数形式错用;⑥主动语态和被动语态错用。 Theydid not want me to do any work at home; they want me to devote allmy time to my studies.(did改为do,错误类型属于①) As weclimbed the mountain, we fed monkeys, visiting temples and toldstories.
(visiting 改为visited, 错误类型属于②) Therewill an important game next month. (will后加be,错误类型属于④) Oneevening she told me that something happened when her parents wasout. ( was 改为were,错误类型属于③)
2. 名词的常见错误:单复数名词错用,可数名词与不可数名词错用。I’ll get good marks in all mysubject.(subject改为subjects) Theirword were a great encouragement to me.(word改为words) Withoutenough knowledges, you can never teach well.(knowledges改为knowledge)
3. 连词错误 连词包括关系代词、副词,并列连词and/
or/but等。关于连词,一般考查从句关系who/whom/whose/what/which/how/why/when/where/if/whether等。 I havea good friend who’s name is Liu Mei. (错用了who的所有格形式,改为whose) I teachthem, play with them, but watch them growing up.(此处应该是并列的关系而非转折,but改为and) Cleveras she is, but she works very hard.(as意为“尽管”,不能再跟but连用,所以去掉but)
4. 冠词错误:误用a和an(根据单词的第一个音素来判定);误用a/an和the(固定搭配,或泛指、特指;多冠词或少冠词) We maybe one family and live under a same roof. (a 改为the,thesame 是固定搭配) Aseveryone knows, it’s famous mountain with all kinds ofpants. (mountain是可数名词需用冠词,所以其前加a) I hopeyou have pleasant journey.(journey是可数名词,故have后加a)
5.形容词和副词错误:系动词后用形容词(be/am/is/are/was/were/become/go/感官性动词smell/feel);词性的误用(形容词修饰名词;副词修饰动词、形容词)。I’msure we’ll have a wonderfully timetogether. (time是名词所以要用形容词wonderful修饰)Mypronunciation was terribly.(was后用形容词,terribly改为terrible.)
6. 代词错误:代词的主格和宾格(I / me;he/him; she/ her; we/ us they/ them)错误;反身代词(myself/yourself/himself/herself/themselves/ourselves)使用错误;代词的单数和复数使用错误;代词指代错误;多代词或少代词。Soon Ibegan to enjoy talking to myself on paper as I was learning toexpress me in simple English. (me 改为myself) One dayI wrote a little story and showed to my teacher.(to前加it) If anyone of us had any difficulty in our life and study, the other wouldhelp him out. (other后加s) What’smore, you have to be friends with your pupils and take good care ofhim. (him改为them)
7.非谓语动词的常见错误:不定式、动名词作主语、宾语时;and连接的不定式或动名词前后不一致(尤其距离较远时);介词后用动名词形式作宾语;某些动词后要求接动名词或不定式。
Soon Ibegan to enjoy talk to myself on paper. (enjoy 后需接动名词,talk改为talking) But hisparents think go to college is more important than playing sports.(go作主语,应改为going) Children may not develop the habit of read and the abilityto enjoy themselves. (介词后用动名词形式作宾语,read改为reading) Iparticularly enjoyed driving through the countryside with you andsaw the changing colors of the eaves on the trees. (and连接的不定式或动名词前后不一致,故saw改为seeing)
8. 介词错误:词组中的介词误用;介词意思理解偏差;介词的多用或少用 Thereare too many people among my family. (among改为in,in myfamily 为固定搭配) I wasso tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched thepillow. (去掉at, themoment 引导从句)
1.句中各部分的结构是否完整,特别是每个句子要有动词;
2. 谓语动词的时态、语态;
3.非谓语动词的用法;
4.名词的单、复数,格的使用是否正确;
5.定冠词和不定冠词是否正确;
6.代词的格和性的使用是否有误;
7.定语从句中关系代词、副词是否准确无误;
8.并列句中的并列连词、主从复合句中的从属连词用的是否得当。
短文改错对考生的要求较高,是对语言知识综合运用能力的考查,检测考生发现、判断、纠正文章错误的能力,进而考查学生的词法、句法及行文逻辑等方面的水平。考生在该项上往往失分较多,对该题感到束手无策。那么怎样找错误就成了解题的关键。现在分享一下短文改错题型的答题技巧。
短文改错解题思路和检查原则
1. 句中各部分的结构是否完整,特别是每个句子要有动词;
2. 谓语动词的时态、语态;
3. 非谓语动词的用法;
4. 名词的单、复数,格的使用是否正确;
5. 定冠词和不定冠词是否正确;
6. 代词的格和性的使用是否有误;
7. 定语从句中关系代词、关系副词是否准确无误;
8. 并列句中的并列连词、主从复合句中的从属连词用的是否得当。
短文改错解题四原则
改动以最少为原则;虚词以添加或删除为原则;实词以改变词形为原则;以保持句子原意为原则。
短文改错解题步骤:
通读全文,掌握大意;整句分析,逐行推敲;反复通读,复查验证。
解题注意要点和能力培养
1. 核对错项时,若的确有一时难以改出的地方,可以参考所改动项是否基本符合“1:1:8”的比例。即多一词1个,缺词1个,错词8个。
2. 核对改正的语法项目是否有重复。因为短文改错往往覆盖面广,一般不会出现重复考查某个语法点的现象。
3. 核对答题符号是否规范,位置是否准确,看看有无遗漏符号、忽略字母大小写和拼写等问题。
短文改错常见错误类型
1. 谓语动词的错误是历年考试的重点和热点,常见动词错误类型有①一般现在时与一般过去时错用;②and前后动词时态不一致;③主谓不一致;④缺少动词,特别是be动词;⑤第三人称单数形式错用;⑥主动语态和被动语态错用。
They did not want me to do any work at home; they want me to devote all my time to my studies. (did改为do,错误类型属于①)
As we climbed the mountain, we fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories. (visiting改为visited,错误类型属于②)
One evening she told me that something happened when her parents was out. (was改为were,错误类型属于③)
There will an important game next month. (will后加be,错误类型属于④)
2. 名词的常见错误:单复数名词错用,可数名词与不可数名词错用。
I’ll get good marks in all my subject. (subject改为subjects)
Their word were a great encouragement to me. (word改为words)
Without enough knowledges, you can never teach well. (knowledges改为knowledge)
3. 冠词错误:误用a和an(根据单词的第一个音素来判定);误用a/an和the(固定搭配,或泛指、特指;多冠词或少冠词)
We maybe one family and live under a same roof. (a改为the,the same是固定搭配)
As everyone knows, it’s famous mountain with all kinds of pants. (mountain是可数名词需用冠词,所以其前加a)
I hope you have pleasant journey. (journey是可数名词,故have后加a)
4. 形容词和副词错误:系动词(am/is/are/was/were/become/go)和感官性动词(smell/feel)后用形容词;词性的误用(形容词修饰名词;副词修饰动词和形容词)。
I’m sure we’ll have a wonderfully time together. (time是名词,要用形容词wonderful修饰)
My pronunciation was terribly. (was后用形容词,terribly改为terrible)
5. 代词错误:代词的主格和宾格(I/me; he/him; she/her; we/us; they/them)错误;反身代词(myself/yourself/himself/herself/themselves/ourselves)使用错误;代词的单数和复数使用错误;代词指代错误;多代词或少代词。
Soon I began to enjoy talking to myself on paper as I was learning to express me in simple English. (me改为myself)
One day I wrote a little story and showed to my teacher. (to前加it)
If anyone of us had any difficulty in our life and study, the other would help him out. (other后加-s)
What’s more, you have to be friends with your pupils and take good care of him. (him改为them)
6. 非谓语动词的常见错误:不定式、动名词作主语、宾语时;and连接的不定式或动名词前后不一致;介词后用动名词形式作宾语;某些动词后要求接动名词或不定式。
Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper. (enjoy后需接动名词,talk改为talking)
But his parents think go to college is more important than playing sports. (go作主语,应改为going)
Children may not develop the habit of read and the ability to enjoy themselves. (介词后用动名词形式作宾语,read改为reading)
I particularly enjoyed driving through the countryside with you and saw the changing colors of the leaves on the trees. (and连接的动名词前后不一致,故saw改为seeing)
7. 介词错误:词组中的介词误用;介词意思理解偏差;介词的多用或少用。
There are too many people among my family. (among改为in,in my family为固定搭配)
I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched the pillow. (去掉at,the moment引导从句)
高中英语短文改错答题方法
一.中英语短文改错技巧
1. 检查时态是否一致
时态错误几乎是每年高考短文改错中必设的题目。要有目的地去检查文中的每一个谓语动词的时态与上下文、语境以及该句的时间状语是否相符和一致。
2. 检查主谓是否一致
在检查谓语动词的时态和语态是否正确的同时,还要注意检查该动词在人称和数上是否与主语保持了一致。
3. 检查指代是否一致
对于短文中出现的每一个代词都要检查一下它所指代的内容以及在句中的作用,注意其数、格、词性是否正确和前后一致,包括人称代词、指标代词、反身代词、关系代词以及疑问代词等。指代错误也是高考改错题中常设的改错题。
4.检查平行结构是否平行一致
由and,or,but,either…or…,neither…nor…,not only…but also…,as well as等并列连词和词组连接的结构可称为平行结构。平行结构在词性、时态、非谓语动词的形式上往往要求前后一致。答题时要留心平行结构前后是否对等平行,这也是常设的错误。
二、短文改错解题思路和检查原则
1. 句中各部分的结构是否完整,特别是每个句子要有动词;
2. 谓语动词的时态、语态;
3. 非谓语动词的用法;
4. 名词的单、复数,格的使用是否正确;
5. 定冠词和不定冠词是否正确;
6. 代词的格和性的使用是否有误;
7. 定语从句中关系代词、副词是否准确无误;
8. 并列句中的并列连词、主从复合句中的从属连词用的是否得当。短文改错解题四原则:改动以最少为原则;虚词以添加或删除为原则;实词以改变词形为原则以保持句子原意为原则。短文改错解题步骤:通读全文,掌握大意;整句分析,逐行推敲。
三.实操演练
Sir or Madam,
I see your advertisement in a student magazine yesterday and I'm interesting to know more about your diving courses. First of all, I should explain that although I can swim I'm not very confident in water. But you mentioned your advertisement that your instructors are full qualified. Thus I believe they'll be able to teach someone as me to dive. I have one week's holiday in the three week of June and would like to know that there’s a course running at that time. How much does week's course cost? Finally, if I decide to go ahead, are there any special equipment I need to buy or is everything provided by your company?
I am looking forward to hear from you.
Sincerely yours,
Tom
答案:
改错:第一句: see-―saw ; interesting―interested
第三句: your 前加 in: full―fully
第四句 as改为like
第五句: three-改third ;that改if 或whether
第六句: week’s前加a are―is
第八句: hear 改为 hearing
1.谓语动词的错误是历年考试的重点和热点,常见动词错误类型有:
①一般现在时与一般过去时错用;
②and前后动词时态不一致;
③主谓不一致;
④缺少动词,特别是be动词;
⑤第三人称单数形式错用;
⑥主动语态和被动语态错用。
2.名词的常见错误:
单复数名词错用,可数名词与不可数名词错用。
3.连词错误:
连词包括关系代词、副词,并列连词and/or/but等。
关于连词,一般考查从句关系:who/whom/whose/what/which/how/why/when/where/if/whether等。
4.冠词错误:
误用a和an(根据单词的第一个音素来判定);
误用a/an和the(固定搭配,或泛指、特指;多冠词或少冠词)
5.形容词和副词错误:
系动词后用形容词(be/am/is/are/was/were/become/go/感官性动词smell/feel);
词性的误用(形容词修饰名词;副词修饰动词、形容词)。
6.代词错误:
代词的主格和宾格(I/me;he/him;she/her;we/us they/them)错误;
反身代词(myself/yourself/himself/herself/themselves/ourselves)使用错误;
代词的单数和复数使用错误;
代词指代错误;
多代词或少代词。
7.非谓语动词的常见错误:
不定式、动名词作主语、宾语时;
and连接的不定式或动名词前后不一致(尤其距离较远时);
介词后用动名词形式作宾语;
某些动词后要求接动名词或不定式。
8.介词错误:
词组中的介词误用;
介词意思理解偏差;
介词的多用或少用
1.形容词与副词的误用。如exciting与excited,hard与hardly,possible与possibly,here与there等,以及形容词与副词的比较级与最高级。
2.名词的单复数误用。如在several,many,various,different,afew,oneof等之后,常用名词的复数,在every与each之后常用单数。
3.代词的误用。如you与your,it’s与its,it与they或them,one与ones,宾格(如me)与反身代词(如myself)等的误用。
4.介词的误用、缺少或多余。常见的如in与on,to与for,instead与insteadof,because与becauseof等的误用。
5.时态的错误。看一篇文章,要有一种大局观,要上前下挂,看看上下文的时态是否一致。
6.连词的误用。如or与and的误用,and与but的误用,so与but的误用,because或since与so连用,though与but连用等。
7.第三人称单数后的动词形式。
8.一些固定结构的误用。如so.。。that被误用作very.。。that,too.。。to被误用very.。。to,as.。。as被误作so.。。as等。
9.定语从句中,which,that,when,where等混淆不清。
10.一些常用词,如what与how,except与besides,any与some以及它们的合成词如any-thing与something,anywhere与somewhere等混淆不清。
★ 商务英语解题方法
★ 政治解题方法指导