以下是小编精心整理的高考英语语法讲解（共含7篇），供大家阅读参考。同时，但愿您也能像本文投稿人“jessicahuang”一样，积极向本站投稿分享好文章。
形容词与副词的比较级
大多数形容词(性质形容词)和副词有比较级和最高级的变化，即原级、比较级和最高级，用来表示事物的等级差别。原级即形容词的原形，比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
1)规则变化
单音节词和少数双音节词，加词尾-er，-est来构成比较级和最高级。
一般单音节词末尾加-er，-est 如：tall taller tallest
以不发音的e结尾的单音词和少数以-le结尾的双音节词只加-r，-st，如：nice nicer nicest
以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节单音节词，双写结尾的辅音字母，再加-er，-est，如：big bigger biggest
“以辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词，改y为i，再加-er，-est 如：busy busier busiest
少数以-er，-ow结尾的双音节词末尾加-er，-est，如：clever/narrow cleverer/narrower cleverest/ narrowest
其他双音节词和多音节词，在前面加more，most来构成比较级和最高级，如：important/easily more important/more easily most important/most easily
2)不规则变化，例如：
good-better-best
well-better-best
bad-worse-worst
old-older/elder-oldest/eldest
much/many-more-most
little-less-least
far-farther/further-farthest/furthest
as + 形容词或副词原级 + as
1)在否定句或疑问句中可用so…as。
例如： He cannot run so/as fast as you. 他没你跑得快。
2)当as…as 中间有名词时采用以下格式：as +形容词+ a +单数名词/as + many/much +名词。
例如： I can carry as much paper as you can. 你能搬多少纸，我也能。
3)用表示倍数的词或其他程度副词作修饰语时，放在as的前面。例如：
This room is twice as big as that one. 这房间的面积是那间的两倍。
Your room is the same size as mine. 你的房间和我的一样大。
4)倍数+ as + adj. + as <=>倍数+ the … + of。例如：
This bridge is three times as long as that one. 这座桥的长度是那座的三倍。
This bridge is three times the length of that one.
4.现在完成进行时
①用来表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在(或今后还要继续一去)的动作;
He has been doing the maths problems since 8:00.
②凡是不能用于现在进行时的动词均不能用于现成完成进行时。
5.一般过去时
①表达特定的过去时间内发生的动作或存在的状况，或过去某一时间内经常发生或反复发生的动作或为;
He often sang when he was a boy.
He went to the cinema last night with her boy friend.
②用于I didn’t know…或I forgot…，表示事先不知道或不记得，但现在已知道或记得的事情。
用于I didn’t know…或I forgot…，表示事先不知道或不记得，但现在已知道或记得的事情。
I didn’t know you were here.(现在已经知道)
Sorry, I forgot to bring my book.(“忘记带书”已成为过去的事了)
这一用法考生要特别注意。
注意：参看过去将来时的用法②。
6.过去进行时
①表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作(这一过去时间须用时间状语表示);
He was preparing his lecture all day yesterday.
②表示动作在另一过去动作发生时进行;
They were still working when I left.
③用在两个过去进行时动作同时发生;
I was writing while he was watching TV.
④过去计划、安排好的将来动作(只限于come, go, leave, arrive, start, move, sail, fly, travel, stay等);
He said she was arriving the next day.
⑤与always, forever, constantly, continually连用，表示赞赏或厌恶等感情色彩。
(参看现在进行时的用法④)
Comrade Lei Feng was always thinking of others never thinking of himself.
⑥过去进行时可用来描绘故事发行的背景。
The wind was blowing and it was raining hard.
7.过去完成时
①表示在过去某一时间以前已经完成的动作。
He had shut the door before the dog came up.
Everything had been all right up till this morning.
②表示动作或状态从过去某个时刻开始一直延续到另一个过去时刻才完成，甚至还要继续下去。At the age of ten,he had learned 500 English words.He had been ill for a week when we learned about it.
③过去未曾实现的意图、打算或希望(只限于think, want, plan, mean, intend, hope, expect, suppose，wish, want等动词)。
I had wanted to pay a visit to you yesterday, but the rain prevented me.
我本来想昨天拜访你的，但是下雨(让我不能来)。
注意：
▲过去完成时必须以过去某一时刻为基点，即“过去的过去”。因此只有在和过去某时或某动作相比较时才用到它;
▲before, after本身表示时间的“前”“后”明显，因此可用一般过去时代替过去完成时。
He (had) left before I arrived.
8.一般将来时
一般将来时有下列一些构成形式需要记住：
▲will/shall do (侧重将来行为，不突出计划安排去做某事)
▲be going to do (主观上打算或客观上可能发生)
▲be doing (按计划将要发生，常和表示最近的将来时间连用)
▲be about to do (按计划即将发生)
一般将来时的用法：
①现在看来以后要发生的动作或存在的状态
Tom will come next week.
He will be here tomorrow.
②事物的固有属性或必然趋势
Oil will float in water.
Fish will die without water.
③对将来某个动作的安排、计划
He is going to speak on TV this evening.
9.将来完成时
用来表示在将来某个时刻(前)将完成的动作。常和by短语，when,before引起的时间状语连用。
We will have finished senior Book 2 by the end of this term.
10.过去将来时
①过去某一时刻后将要发生的过去动作或过去的意图打算(主要用于宾语从句中);
She was sure she would succeed.
I thought you would come.
把一般将来时中的助动词变成过去式，便成了过去将来时的表达形式。
②表示过去经常发生的动作。
When he was young, he would go swimming.
注意：would与used to的区别：would只表示过去，不涉及现在，而used to表示“过去常常”要与现在比较，即现在不是这样了。
11.要求一定时态的固定的句型
①was/were doing sth. when…did sth.(正在做某事，这时突然……)
I was reading a book when the bell rang.
②was/were about to do sth. when…did sth. (正要做某事，这时突然……)
We were about to leave when the telephone rang.
③It(This) is(will be ) the first/second/third…time+ that…
It’s the first time I’ve seen her.
We have been there three times.
如果句中有比较确定的时间状语，则服从时间状语的要求。
Last year I saw him many times.
④It is/has been… since…
It is (has been) two weeks since I came here.
She said it was five hours since she had finished her work.
⑤Hardly… when…No sooner… than…
Hardly had we got in the crops when it began to rain.
I had no sooner come into the room than the door was closed.
⑥It(This) is(will be ) the first/second/third…time+ that…
This is the first time I have been here.
It'll be the first time I've spoken in public.
III.被动语态的用法
被动语态表示句子的主语是动作的承受者，也就是动作的对象，一般说来只有及物动词才有被动语态。其构成为“be+及物动词的过去分词”。助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与be作为连系动词时完全一样。含有情态动词的谓语变化为被动语态时，由“情态动词(can, may must, have to等)+be +动词的-ed形式。含有”be going to , be to, used to, be about to“等结构的复合谓语变为被动语态时，其构成为”be going to (be to, used to, be about to)+ be +动词的-ed形式"构成。
1.被动语态的适用范围
①当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。这时不用by短语。
This jacket is made of cotton. 这件上衣是棉料的。
②为了强调动作的承受者时
Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits. 要求参观者不可触摸展品。
③出于策略、委婉、礼貌等不提出动作的执行者
You are said to be active recently. 据说你最近很活跃。
常用于如下句型：
It's not known that… ……不得而知 It's said that… 据说……
It's reported that… 据报道…… It's not decided that…尚未决定
It's believed that… 据认为…… It's announced that…据宣布……
高考英语语法精要讲解：
1、含有被动意义的主动动词
sell wash write read
The new type (of ) TV receiver sells well.
This book reads interesting.
The pen writes quite smoothly.
This (kind of) cloth washes very well.
This cloth is washed. (洗好了）
2、常用被动结构的动词
be born be married be obliged be hurt
be caught in the rain be covered with
I was caught in the rain on the way back.
3、主动表示被动的情况
①知觉动词＋ adj.
The material feels very soft.
The music sounds too loud.
②非谓语动词
A. need want require be worth
Your coat wants mending ( to be mended).
B. Subj. + be + adj. + to do (vt.)
The chair is comfortable to sit on
be to blame (该受责备）
C. There be
There are six letters to write (to be written).
③ prove -vi.（被）证明是
He will prove (to be) the winner.
4、get + p. p.
She got caught in the rain.
From then on, her leg got treated four times a day.
5、（人）+ be + 情感动词-ed
be surprised (astonished, etc. ) at (with ….)
His words astonished everyone in the room.
→ Everyone was astonished at his words.
be delighted at (with); be pleased at (by, with );
be tired of (from); be satisfied with;
be worried about; be interested in;
be frightened ( terrified) at
6、自动和它动
很多动词既可以用vt.又可以用vi, 但要注意：
The door opened ( by itself). The door was opened.
The village since we last visited it.
A. has changed
B. has been changed (A)
The planned has been changed.
7、被动语态 + by (with) + 行为主体
by 后接人或物做某事
with 后接手段、方式、工具
He was killed by a falling stone
He was killed with a knife.
8、注意下列被动形式
①be being done
② have been done
③ be going to be
The bridge is said to be being built.
The bridge is said to have been built.
高考英语语法精要讲解：数词
1、数词在使用时应注意的问题
易错数词：
年月日及介词
计算用词
和数字相关的词
2、综合
1) 数字表达：
123,856,709
one hundred and twenty-three million, eight hundred and fifty-six thousand, seven hundred and nine
2) 年月日
in the morning; on the morning of September 1;
in September; in 1988; on September 1 (on the first of September)
3、计算
＋Six and five is (are) eleven.
Six hundred plus forty is (equals) six hundred and forty.
－Four from seven is (leaves) three.
Six hundred minus one hundred equals five hundred.
X 16 x 11 = 176
Sixteen times eleven is (makes) one hundred and seventy-six.
÷ 9 ÷ 3 = 3
Nine divided by three equals three.
4、dozen, score
A. three dozen eggs; three dozen of these eggs; dozens of eggs
B. three score years; a (three) score of people; scores of times
5、小数，分数，百分比引导的短语作主语时的主谓一致问题．
分数和百分数引导的短语作主语，其谓语动词的数应根据分数和百分数后面的名词来确定．如果是可数名词的复数，其谓语动词用复数形式；如果是不可数名词或单数可数名词其谓语动词用单数形式．
More than 40 percent of the students wear glasses.
70 percent od the fund(资金) was supplied by the Government.
6、一个半．．．的表达法．
one pound and a half ,one and a half years
[高考英语语法:高考英语语法精要讲解]
动词的时态和语态
【考点分析】
1.对下列十种时态的考查：
一般现在时 一般过去时 一般将来时 现在进行时 过去进行时 现在完成时 现在完成进行时 过去完成时 将来完成时 过去将来时
2.既考查时态又考查语态;
3.考查动词的及物与不及物;
4.考查主动形式表示被动意义;
5.考查动词词组在被动语态中的介词问题;
6.对被动语态习惯句型的考查。
【知识点归纳】
I.动词时态和语态的构成形式
主动语态的构成
一般现在时一般过去时
do/does,( is/am/are )did,(was/were)
现在进行时过去进行时
is/am/are doingwas/were doing
现在完成时过去完成时
has/have donehad done
现在完成进行时过去完成进行时
has/have been doinghad been doing
一般将来时过去将来时
will/shall do
is/am/are going to do
is/am/are(about)to dowould/should do
was/were going to do
was/were(about)to do
被动语态的构成
一般现在时一般过去时
is/am/are donewas/were done
现在进行时过去进行时
is/am/are being donewas/were being done
现在完成时过去完成时
has/have been donehad been done
一般将来时过去将来时
will/shall be done
is/am/are going to be done
is/am/are(about)to be donewould/should be done
was/were going to be done
was/were(about)to be done
II.动词时态的用法
1.一般现在时
①一般现在时表示经常发生、习惯性动作、客观真理、科学事实、格言，目前的特征、状态、能力等;
②主句是一般将来时,时间、条件状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来;
I’ll go there after I finish my work.
If it rains tomorrow,I won’t go there.
③在以here,there开头的句子里，go,come等少数动词的一般在时表示正在发生的动作;
There goes the bell.铃响了。There comes the bus.汽车来了。Here she comes.她来了。
注意：近几年，对一般现在时的考查常用过去时态或现在完成时态对考生进行干扰
Months ago we sailed ten thousand miles across the open sea, which_____ the Pacific,and we met no storm.
A. was called B. is called C. had been called D. has been called
虽然航海发生在过去，但是，海洋的名称不会因此而变化，所以要用一般现在时。
2.现在进行时
①表示正在进行的动作;
②表示按计划安排即将发生的动作。
She is leaving for Beijing.她要去北京。
He is working as a teacher tomorrow.从明天起他要做老师。
My father is coming to see me this Saturday.这个星期六我爸爸要来看我。
③代替一般现在时，描绘更加生动。
The Changjiang River is flowing into the east.江水滚滚向东流。
The sun is rising in the east.太阳从东方冉冉升起。
④与always, forever, constantly, continually连用，表示赞赏或厌恶等感情色彩，但并非强调动作正在进行;
He is always helping others.他总是肯帮助他人。
She is always forgetting something.她老是忘记某些事情。
⑤大多数动词可用于进行时，但也有些动词不用于进行时。
常见的有：
▲感觉类：look, smell, feel, sound, taste, see, hear
▲情感类：like, love, prefer, admire, hate, fear
▲心态类：wish, hope, expect, want, need, believe, think, understand, agree, knowt
▲所有类：have, contain, won, hold, belong to等。
3.现在完成时
①表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响或结果，或说话时已完成的动作;
I have finished the report./ She has cleaned the room.
②表示从过去开始，待续到现在的动作或状态，往往和“for...”, “since...”表述的一段时间状语连用;
He has learned English for six years./ They have worked here since they left college.
③表示“曾经到过某地(人已回来)”用“have/has been to”;
表示“到某地去了(还未回来)”用“have/has gone to”。
―Where is Li Hua? -He has gone to the reading-room.
―She knows a lot about Shanghai. -She has been there.
④在时间状语从句,条件状语从句或让步状语从句中表达将来某时已经完成的动作。
When you have learned English, you will find it a bridge to so much knowledge.
We’ll start at six if it has stopped raining by then.
注意：这里的现在完成时强调从句动作在主句动作之前完成, 如果两个动作同时或几乎同时发生, 则不必用完成时;试比较：
I’ll let you know as soon as I hear from her.
She will call you when she gets home.
⑤短暂动词(即瞬间动词)，join,lose,buy,borrow,leave,go,come,arrive,die,marry, finish,complete,begin,start,
break out等，在完成时态中，其肯定式不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。
要译“他参军已经三年了”不能说：He has joined the army three years.可采用：
▲“ago法”：He joined the army three years ago.
▲“延续法”：He has been in the army for three years.
▲“since法”：It is/has been three years since he joined the army.
注意：没有包括“现在”在内或不是截至“现在”为止的时间状语不能与现在完成时连用, 但“in(over) the
past/last+时间段”要与现在完成时连用。
The indefinite pronouns are:
不定代词有：
We use indefinite pronouns to refer to people or things without saying exactly who or what they are. We use pronouns ending in -body or -one for people, and pronouns ending in -thing for things:
在描述不确定的人或物时，我们用不定代词来指代。在指人时用代词接-body 或 -one，指物时用代词接-thing。
Everybody enjoyed the concert.
I opened the door but there was no one at home.
It was a very clear day. We could see everything.
We use a singular verb after an indefinite pronoun:
不定代词后用动词单数。
Everybody loves Sally.
Everything was ready for the party.
When we refer back to an indefinite pronoun we normally use a plural pronoun:
当我们提及到不定代词时，通常也会用复数名词：
Everybody enjoyed the concert. They stood up and clapped.
I will tell somebody that dinner is ready. They have been waiting a long time.
We can add -'s to an indefinite pronoun to make a possessive.
我们能在不定代词后加-'s变成所有格。
They were staying in somebody’s house.
Is this anybody’s coat?
We use indefinite pronouns with no- as the subject in negative clauses (not pronouns with any.)
在否定句中我们用不定代词加前缀no-的形式来做主语(any除外)。
Anybody didn’t come >>Nobody came.
We do not use another negative in a clause with nobody, no one or nothing:
在有nobody, no one or nothing的否定句中我们不使用否定词：
Nobody came.
Nothing happened.
We use else after indefinite pronouns to refer to people or things in addition to the ones we already mentioned.
我们在不定代词后用else表示我们所提及的同类的人或物。
All the family came, but no one else.
If Michael can’t come we’ll ask somebody else.
So that's eggs, peas and chips. Do you want anything else?
★ 高考常考英语语法
