英语代词的疑问代词

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英语代词的疑问代词

篇1:英语代词的疑问代词

英语代词的疑问代词

1) 疑问代词在句中起名词词组的作用,用来构成疑问句。疑问代词有下列几个:

指 人: who, whom, whose

指 物: what

既可指人又可指物: which

2) 疑问代词在句中应位于谓语动词之前,没有性和数的变化,除who之外也没有格的变化。what, which, whose还可作限定词。试比较:

疑问代词:Whose are these books on the desk?

桌上的书是谁的?

What was the directional flow of U. S. territorial1 expansion?

美国的领土扩张是朝哪个方向的?

限定词: Whose books are these on the desk?

桌上的书是谁的?

What events led to most of the east of the Mississippi River becoming part of the United States? 哪些事件使密西西比河以东的大部分土地归属于美国?

说明1:

无论是做疑问代词还是限定词,which 和 what 所指的范围不同。what所指的范围是无限的,而which则指在一定的范围内,例如:

Which girls do you like best?

你喜欢哪几个姑娘?

What girls do you like best?

你喜欢什么样的姑娘?

说明2:

Whom是who的宾格,在书面语中,它作动词宾语或介词宾语,在口语中作宾语时,可用who代替,但在介词后只能用whom, 例如:

Who(m) did you meet on the street?

你在街上遇到了谁?(作动词宾语)

Who(m) are you taking the book to?

你要把这书带给谁?(作介词宾语,置句首)

To whom did you speak on the campus?

你在校园里和谁讲话了?(作介词宾语,置介词 后,不能用who取代。)

说明3:

疑问代词用于对介词宾语提问时,过去的文体中介词和疑问代词通常一起放在句首,现代英语中,疑问代词在句首,介词在句未,例如:

For what do most people live and work?

大部分人生活和工作的目的是什么?(旧文体)

What are you looking for?

你在找什么?(现代英语)

说明4:

疑问代词还可引导名词性从句,例如:

I can't make out what he is driving at.

我不知道他用意何在。

Can you tell me whose is the blue shirt on the bed?

你能告诉我床上的蓝衬衣是谁的吗?

Much of what you say I agree with, but I cannot go all the way with you.

你说的我大部分同意,但并不完全赞同

扩展:进出口实用英语包装

1. 指定木箱包装的材料及规格

Packing in strong wooden cases is essential.

Cases must be battened, nailed and secured with metal straps1 all over.

Overall measurements of each case must not exceed 4'(H) ×2'(w) ×2'(D).

2. 要求包装的材料、重量及唛头

We require these articles to be wrapped up in corrugated2 paper and packed in wooden cases with excelsior.

Please limit the weight of any one of the wooden cases to 50kg and metalstrap all cases in stacks of three and mark all the cases with an A in the square.

3. 对包装箱长度、唛头的指示

Crates3 must not exceed an overall length of 10 meters.

All crates are to be marked as usual, but please number them consecutively4 from No.1 to No. 5.

All marks other than our own and the name of the country of origin are to be removed from the crates before shipment.

4.对机器包装的详细指示

Please pack this machine in a strong wooden case and wrap and pad generously all polished parts of the machine to avoid scratches and knocks against the container.

Also please put the machine in a case of about 10 cubic meters covered with waterproof5 cloth and strapped6 vertically7 and horizontally with metal bands and cut ventholes in the case to minimize condensation8.

5. 海运包装的详细指示

Please pay your best care to pack the goods so as to withstand the hazards of ocean transportation and waterproof it against the tropical climate.

Also please stencil9 our shipping10 marks five inches high and give gross and net weight, port of destination, country of origin and a B in the rectangle as the main mark of each case.

6. 请注意包装,减少费用

Taking into account the specialty11 of this article, we request you to pack this carto with your best care.

Please note that each cargo12 is requested to be wrapped up in oilpaper and packed in a zinc-lined case.

All cargoes13 are required to be marked and numbered on the outside.

Please minimize the packing expenses as we expect it to be heavy.

7. 免费再包装

According to your packing instructions, we have arranged to pack your ordered goods in five cases.

We have packed the goods according to your usual requirements and have dispatched them from our Taibei factory by airfreight.

They are to be repacked at Bangkok, as we have been informed, and the charges for special packing are excluded from our price.

Therefore please rest assured on the packing.

8. 告知对方包装无误, 要求以保费弥补损失

We have received information that your ordered goods were damaged during transportation.

On investigation14 we have found that the goods were in perfect condition when leaving our shipping department.

You will readily see it from the copy of our clean mates receipt enclosed.

Therefore we ask you to cover the loss against insurance.

9. 告知对方已按照指示包装并交付船运

We are pleased to inform you that your order has been packed as requested and shipped per M/S Wilson leaving here August 10.

We hope that the goods will reach you in perfect condition and give you full satisfaction

篇2:英语疑问代词语法学习

疑问代词(Interrogative Pronouns)——

who、whom、whose、what、which

它们的具体用法如下:

1、疑问代词用于句首,构成特殊疑问句,在句中可作主语、宾语、表语或定语。例如:

Who broke the window just now?

刚才是谁把窗户打破的?

这里“who”作主语。

Who is the boy in white?

那个穿白衣服的男孩是谁?

这里“who”作表语。

Whom are you talking to?

你在跟谁说话?

这里“whom”作宾语。

Whose bike is that?

那是谁的自行车?

这里“whose”作定语。

What is this?

这是什么?

这里“what”作表语。

What are you looking for?

你在找什么?

这里“what”作宾语。

What time is it?

几点了?

这里“what”作定语。

Which is your favorite subject?

你最喜欢哪个科目?

这里“which”作表语。

Which boy do you like better?

你更喜欢哪个男孩?

这里“which”作定语。

2、疑问代词可用于引导名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句)。例如:

What we should do depends on you.

我们该做什么取决于你。

这里“what”引导的是主语从句。

No one knows what will happen next.

谁也不知道接下来会发生什么事。

这里“what”引导的是宾语从句。

This is what we can do now.

这就是我们现在能做的。

这里“what”引导的是表语从句。

Who broke the window is still unknown.

是谁打破了玻璃还不知道。

这里“who”引导的是主语从句。

I don’t know who you are looking for.

我不知道你在找谁。

这里“who”引导的是宾语从句。

Do you know whose is the dress on the chair?

你知道椅子上的裙子是谁的吗?

这里“whose”引导的是宾语从句。

值得一提的是:

“whom”是“who”的宾格,在比较正式的书面语中用作动词或介词的宾语,例如:

Whom did they invite?

他们邀请谁了?

With whom did you go?

你是和谁一起去的?

日常口语中,我们一般用“who”代替“whom”,但用作介词宾语位于句首时,只能用“whom”,例如:

Whom did you see at the party?

你在聚会中看见谁了?

可以说:Who did you see at the party?

To whom did you write to?

你给谁写信了?

不能说:To who did you write to?

不过可以这样说:Who did you write to?

公众号: 你莫愁英语语法

篇3:英语考试语法疑问代词用法

疑问代词指用于引出特殊疑问句的代词,有who, whom, whose, which, what等,它们在句中可用作主语、表语、宾语、定语等。

一、what和which的比较

1. 无论是做疑问代词还是限定词,which 和 what 所指的范围不同。what所指的范围是无限的,而which则指在一定的范围内,例如:

Tell me which ones you want.

告诉我哪些是你需要的。

Tell me what do you want.

告诉我你需要些什么。

2. which可以引导定语从句,what不行,例如:

Boston is a compact city, which makes it easy to get around on foot.

波士顿是一个紧凑型城市,我们很容易就可以把它走完。

It's a dangerous post in which no man could stay long.

这是个风险极大的职位,没有人能长久地坐在这个位子上。

二、who和whom的比较

1. who通常作主语和表语,whom作宾语,例如:

Who is to take the chair?

谁做主席?

Who is speaking?

是哪一位(打电话)?

Who(m) did you meet on the street?

你在街上遇到了谁?(作动词宾语)

Who(m) are you taking the book to?

你要把这书带给谁?(作介词宾语,置句首)

To whom did you speak on the campus?

你在校园里和谁讲话了?(作介词宾语,置介词 后,不能用who取代。)

2. who和whom都可以引导定语从句,跟who和whom的一般用法一样

I live with a friend who's actually in another graduate school.

我与一个跟我不同研究生学院的朋友住在一起。

The Latter Prophets are poetic and oracular writings that bear the name of the prophet to whom the writings are ascribed.

后先知书则是诗歌型和神论似的著作,预言家被认为是完成这部作品的人。

三、whose, what, which的用法比较

(1)作主语:

What happened next? 后来怎么样了呢?

Whose is better? 谁的好一些?

Which is yours? 哪是你的?

(2) 作表语:

What’s your father? 你父亲是干什么的?

Whose is it? 这是谁的?

They are so alike, you can’t tell which is which. 他们是那样相像,你都分不出谁是谁了。

(3) 作宾语:

What do you mean? 你是什么意思?

Which do you prefer? 你愿意要哪一个?

Whose are you going to borrow? 你预备借谁的?

(4) 作定语:

Which train will you take? 你搭哪一班火车?

What time shall we meet again? 我们什么时候再碰头?

Whose umbrella is this? 这是谁的雨伞?

篇4:初中英语疑问代词语法解析

初中英语疑问代词语法解析

1.疑问代词在句中起名词词组的作用,用来构成疑问句。疑问代词有下列几个:

指人: who, whom, whose

指物: what

既可指人又可指物: which

2.疑问代词在句中应位于谓语动词之前,没有性和数的变化,除who之外也没有格的变化。what, which, whose还可作限定词。试比较:

疑问代词:Whose are these books on the desk?桌上的书是谁的?

What was the directional flow of U. S. territorial expansion? 美国的领土扩张是朝哪个方向的?

限定词:Whose books are these on the desk?桌上的书是谁的'?

What events led to most of the east of the Mississippi River becoming part of the United States? 哪些事件使密西西比河以东的大部分土地归属于美国?

说明1:

无论是做疑问代词还是限定词,which 和 what 所指的范围不同。what所指的范围是无限的,而which则指在一定的范围内,例如:Which girls do you like best? 你喜欢哪几个姑娘?

What girls do you like best?

你喜欢什么样的姑娘?

说明2:

Whom是who的宾格,在书面语中,它作动词宾语或介词宾语,在口语中作宾语时,可用who代替,但在介词后只能用whom, 例如:

Who(m) did you meet on the street?

你在街上遇到了谁?(作动词宾语)

Who(m) are you taking the book to?

你要把这书带给谁?(作介词宾语,置句首)

To whom did you speak on the campus?

你在校园里和谁讲话了?(作介词宾语,置介词 后,不能用who取代。)

说明3:

疑问代词用于对介词宾语提问时,过去的文体中介词和疑问代词通常一起放在句首,现代英语中,疑问代词在句首,介词在句未,例如:

For what do most people live and work?

大部分人生活和工作的目的是什么?(旧文体)

What are you looking for?

你在找什么?(现代英语)

说明4:

疑问代词还可引导名词性从句,例如:

I can't make out what he is driving at.

我不知道他用意何在。

Can you tell me whose is the blue shirt on the bed?

你能告诉我床上的蓝衬衣是谁的吗?

Much of what you say I agree with, but I cannot go all the way with you.

你说的我大部分同意,但并不完全赞同。

篇5:高考英语词汇分类解析之疑问代词

【英语备考】高考英语词汇分类解析之疑问代词

1.疑问代词概述

用来表达疑问或构成疑问句的代词叫疑问代词。主要的疑问代词及其功能如下所示:

(1)指人疑问代词在句中的语法功能:

①主格(who):做主语或宾语

②宾格(whom):做宾语;可跟of短语搭配

③属格(whose):做主语或宾语、表语、定语

(2)指物疑问代词在句中的语法功能:

①主格(which)(可指人):做主语或宾语、定语;可跟of短语搭配

②宾格(what):做主语或宾语、表语、定语

2.疑问代词的用法

疑问代词各有其不同的含义,在选用时需根据其具体的含义而定。

(1)who,whom的用法

who的意义为“谁”,既可以指单数,也可指复数,在句中主要作主语、宾语和表语。whom在句中只能作动词宾语和介词宾语,作动词宾语时可与who互换使用,作介词宾语时只能用whom,但如果不出现在介词后,也可用who替代。

WhoputthelightoutbeforeIfinishedmywork?(作主语)

谁在我做完作业前把灯熄灭了?

Whom/Whohaveyouchosentotakepartinthesportsmeet?(作chosen的宾语)

你选了谁参加运动会?

Withwhomdidyougototheconcert?(whom不可用who替代)

你和谁去听的音乐会?

注意:

疑问代词作主语时,动词用单数还是复数形式,要根据它们代表的数决定。如果数的概念不清,动词多采用单数形式。

Whoarethereontheplayground?(问话者和听话者都知道操场上有一些人。)

谁在操场上?

Whoisintheroom?(说话者和听话者都可能不知道有人或有多少人。)

谁在屋内?

(2)whose的用法

whose表示“谁的”,既可置于名词前,作定语,也可单独使用,在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语。

Theyareallgoodatmaths,butwhoseisthebest?(whose作主语)

他们都擅长数学,但谁的最好?

Whosedoyoulikebetter,Jack'sorSally's?(作宾语)

你更喜欢谁的呢,杰克的还是沙丽的?

BothJimandJackspeakEnglish.Whosepronunciationisbetter?(作定语)

吉姆和杰克都说英语,谁的发音更好呢?

Helenhasalreadytakenherbagaway.Whoseisthis?(作表语)

海伦已把她的书包拿走了,这是谁的呢?

注意:

whose既可指单数,也可指复数。

Whosearetheseschoolbags?

这些书包是哪些人的?

(3)which的用法

which意为“哪一个、哪一些”,既可指人也可指物,既可指可数名词的单数;也可指复数。在句中作主语、宾语、定语等。

Whichismoreinteresting,thisbookorthatone?(作主语)

这两本书哪一本更有趣?

Idon'tknowwhichtochoose?(作choose的宾语)

我不知道该选哪一个?

Whichcitiesareyougoingtovisitthissummer?(作定语)

今年夏天你打算参观哪些城市?

(4)what的用法

what意为“什么”,可单独使用,也可放在名词前运用。在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语等。

Whatmakesyouloveyourhometownsomuch?(作主语)

是什么使你这么热爱你的家乡?

WhatdoyouusuallydoSundays?(作宾语)

星期天你经常做什么?

Whatareyourparents?(作主语)

你父母是干什么的?

Whatinterestsdoyouhave?(作定语)

你有哪些兴趣?

比较:

①what和which

what常泛指“哪一类”,which常指在具体的范围内进行选择。

Whichcolourdoyoulikebetter,redoryellow?(在红色和黄色中进行选择)

红色和黄色,你更喜欢哪一种?

Whatcolourdoyoulike?(没有指定选择的范围)

你喜欢什么颜色?

②what和who

Whatisyourfather?(询问职业)

你爸爸是做什么的?

—Whoistheman?(询问身份)

—Heismybrother.

—那个人是谁?

—是我哥哥。

篇6:疑问代词的用法

一、疑问代词的用法

1、常用的疑问代词有:what, who, whose, whom, which, whatever, whichever ,whoever, whomever。它们在句中可用作主语、表语、宾语、定语等。

2、疑问代词在句中应位于谓语动词之前,没有性和数的变化,除who之外也没有宾格的变化。what, which, whose还可作限定词。

例句:

Who is your English teacher? 你们的英语老师是谁?

Whose is this umbrella? 这伞是谁的?

Whose umbrella is this? 这是谁的伞?

What question did he ask? 他问了什么问题?

Which do you prefer, tea or coffee? 茶和咖啡,你喜欢那样?

【说明】who 和 whom 只用作主语、宾语和表语,不用作定语,what, which, whose 则既可用作主语、宾语和表语,也可用作定语。

二、疑问代词的用法比较

1. who 与 whom:前者为主格,用作主语,后者为宾格,用作宾格:

Who spoke at the meeting? 谁在会上发言了?

Whom are you talking about? 你们在谈论谁?

但是,当用作宾语的 whom 位于句首时,通常可用who 代之:

Who(m) is the letter from? 这信是谁寄来的?

若是紧跟在介词之后用作宾语,则只能用 whom。

2. what, which 与 who:

① 若后接名词(即用作限定词),只用which和what,不能用who:

Which / What train did you come on? 你是坐哪次火车来的?

What和 which 的区别是:当选择的范围较小或比较明确时,多用 which;当选择的范围较较大或不明确时,多用 what:

Which color do you like, red, black or white? 红色、黑色和白色,你喜欢哪种?

What color is your car? 你的汽车是什么颜色的?

但是,若指人,即使选择的范围不明确,也多用 which:

Which [What] writers do you like? 你喜欢哪些作家?

② 若其后不接名词(即用作代词),三者均可用,which和what的用法区别可参见上面的分析。至于who,它一般只用来指人(用作代词的 which 不用于指人),不管选择范围大还是小、明确还是不明确均可用:

Who won –– Tom or Mike? 谁赢了,是汤姆还是迈克?

Who is your favorite poet? 你最喜欢的诗人是谁?

当选择范围比较明确且用作宾语时,who也可用which或which one代之:

Who [Which /Which one] do you like better, your father or your mother? 你更喜欢谁,父亲还是母亲?

③ 由于what和who的选择范围可以很大或不明确,所以其后可以跟 else,表示其他的人(或事物),但却通常不跟表示特定范围的of 短语;而 which 的选择范围相对比较小或明确,所以其后一般不接 else,却常与表特定范围的of短语连用:

Who (What) else did you see there? 你在那儿还看到了别人的什么人(什么东西)?

Which of the three girls is the oldest? 这三个女孩中哪个年纪最大?

④ 另外,比较以下两句:

“Who is he?” 他是谁?(who 指姓名、关系等)

What is he? 他是干什么的?(what 指职业、地位等)

篇7:“疑问代词”的兄弟姐妹

作者:耿华明

同学们,“疑问代词”的兄弟姐妹特别多,通常用于特殊疑问句中,一般放在句首,在句子中可用作主语、宾语、表语和定语。今天我就把主要成员--5个“W”和1个“H”介绍给大家。

一、“what”是大哥,主要对事物名称提问,意思是“什么”。例如:

-What is this in English? 用英语说这是什么?

-It is a bike. 它是自行车。

二、“who”是老二,主要对人称代词或人名提问,意思是“谁”。例如:

1. -Who is this in Picture One? 图一中是谁?

-He is Sun Zhongshan. 他是孙中山。

2. -Who is the man in the car? 小汽车里的那个男人是谁?

-He is my father. 他是我爸爸。

三、“whose”排行老三,主要对物主代词或名词所有格提问,意思是“谁的”。例如:

1. -Whose books are these? 这些书是谁的?

-They are ours. 是我们的。

2. -Whose caps are those? 那些帽子是谁的?

-They are the players'. 是运动员的。

四、“which”是四哥,主要用于有选择性的(提供选项的)疑问句中,表示从中进行选择,可译为“哪个,哪些”。例如:

Which subject do you like better, math or English? 你比较喜欢哪门学科,数学还是英语?

五、“where”是兄弟中最小的一个,主要对地点名词提问,意思是“哪里,哪儿”。例如:

-Where is my watch? 我的手表在哪儿?

- It is on the desk. 它在书桌上。

六、“how”是这个家族中的小妹妹,用处可不小,主要集中在对程度、方式提问,意思为“多少,怎样”。例如:

1. How old are you? 你多大了?

2. How are you ? 你好吗?

怎么样,同学们!你们记住疑问代词的这些兄弟姐妹了吗?光说是不够的,记得做相关的练习啊!

篇8:英语代词是什么

一、代替名词、动词、形容词、数量词、副词的词,包括:

1. 人称代词,如“我、你、他、我们、咱们、自己、人家”。

2. 疑问代词,如“谁、什么、哪儿、多会儿、怎么、怎样、几、多少、多么”。

3. 指示代词,如“这、这里、这么、这样、这么些、那、那里、那么、那样、那么些”。

二、英语代词可以分为:

1. 人称代词(Personal Pronouns) I我 you你 he他 she她 they他们 me我(宾格)you你(宾格)him他(宾格)her她(宾格)them他们(宾格)。

2. 物主代词(Possessive Pronouns) my我的 his他的 your你的(your你们的) their他们的 hers她的。

3. 指示代词 this这 that那 these这些 those 那些。

4. 反身代词myself我自己 himself他自己 themselves他们自己。

5. 疑问代词who谁 what什么 which哪个。

6. 不定代词some一些 many许多 both两个;两个都。

7. 关系代词which……的物 who……的人 that……的人或物 who谁 that引导定语从句。

8. 相互代词 each other 互相 one another互相。

9. 连接代词 who,whom,whose,what,which,whatever,whichever,whoever,whomever。

10. 替代词one(单数),ones(复数) 用于替代前面出现的同类事物。

例如:

1. I like his car.

我喜欢他的.小汽车。

2. Our school is here,and theirs is there.

我们的学校在这儿,他们的在那儿。

3. He is my brother.

他是我的哥哥。

4. She is my sister.

她是我的妹妹。

5. It is my ruler.

它是我的尺子。

6. This is my book.

这是我的书。

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