高考文言文常见代词的举例

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高考文言文常见代词的举例

篇1:文言文常见代词示例

文言文常见代词示例

一、人称代词

吾、我、予、余、朕、孤、寡人、臣、仆、妾等词,代说话或写文章的人,即今之所谓第一人称代词。其中“我”字,不仅各时代的文言皆用,而且一直用到现在。其余的在现代汉语中都不用了。

尔、汝、女、若、乃、而、子、君、公、阁下、陛下、足下等,代受话人,是第二人称代词,相当于现代汉语的.“你”“您”。其中“阁下”“陛下”有外交用语中还用。

之、其、彼,代谈话或为文所及的第三者,是第三人称代词,今作“他”或“它”,不仅代人,还可以代事代物。

“或”相当于现代汉语“有的人”,“有时”;

“莫”,相当于“没有谁”,是无定指的代词;

“相”作互指代词,相当于“相互”“彼此”,也可以偏指,代“你”“我”“他”。与“相”的偏指现象极相似的还有“见”字,多代“我”,即《辞源》所谓“表示他人行为及于己”。

二、疑问代词

文言的疑问代词,问人的有“谁”“孰”“何”;“何”也问事。问事的还有“奚”“胡“曷”“恶”“安”“焉”等。

三、指示代词

文言常见的指示代词有“此”“是”“斯”“兹”“夫”等,另“之”“其”“彼”除作人称代词外,还常作指示代词。

篇2:常见的文言文代词

常见的文言文代词汇总

一、人称代词

第一人称:我,余,予,吾,仆,妾,愚,臣,寡人,孤,己,自。

1、三人行,必有我师焉。

2、吾欲之南海,何如?

3、余忆童稚时,能张目对日。

4、同予者何人?

5、妾闻志士不饮盗泉之水。

6、臣不胜受恩感激。

7、寡人欲以五百里之地易安陵。

8、孤不度德量力,欲信大义于天下。

9、念此私自愧,尽日不能忘。

10、愚以为营中之事,悉以咨之。

11、君与仆有何亲?

12、己所不欲,勿施于人。

第二人称:汝,尔,乃,若,而,子,君,卿,公,足下。

1、甚矣,汝之不惠。

2、尔安敢轻吾射?

3、若为佣耕,何富贵也?

4、王师北定中原日,家祭勿忘告乃翁。

5、北方有侮臣者,愿借子杀之。

6、君与家君期日中。 先主曰:“君与俱来。”

7、吾知所以距子矣。

8、此臣所以报先帝而忠陛下之职分也。

9、公等遇雨,皆以失期。

10、然足下卜之鬼乎?

11、愿诸君勿复言。

12、卿太重,将非鬼也。

第三人称:之(他,他们);其(他的,它们的);彼,伊,焉。

1、愿陛下亲之信之。

2、其子曰:“不筑,必将有盗。”

3、彼竭我盈,故克之。

4、为伊消得人憔悴。

5、以俟夫观人风者得焉。

6、岂其学不如彼邪?

人称复数:

古文中用“辈,等、属,侪(chái)、族、徒、曹”等放在人称代词后表示多数,可译成“们”,或在人称代词后加“一类”、“一班”、“这些”等词对译。

1、公等遇雨,皆以失期。失期,法皆斩。

2、徒属皆曰:“敬受命。”

3、尔曹身后名俱灭,不废江河万古流。

二、指示代词:(代人,代物,代事,……)

近指代词:是,此,斯,之,然,兹,焉……(这个,这里,这样……)

1、余之游于是乎始。

2、是天时不如地利也。

3、今若断丝织也,则捐失成功。

4、岂独一琴哉,莫不然矣。

5、自是指物作诗立就。

6、此皆幼时闲情也。

7、今臣使楚,不当从此们入。

8、斯是陋室,唯吾德馨。

9、然后知生于忧患,死于安乐。

10、忘怀得失,以此自终。

11、元直与亮友善,谓为信然。

12、此诚危急存亡之秋也。

13、以君之力,曾不能损魁父之丘。

14、盖余之勤且艰若此。

15、而后知天下之文章聚乎此也。

16、然足下卜之(于)鬼乎?

17、渔人甚异之,复前行,欲穷其林。

18、郁郁适兹土。 挥手自兹去。

19、率妻子邑人来此绝境,不复出焉。

远指代词:其、夫、彼。 (那,那个,那里,那样……)

1、非夫人之物而强假焉。

2、以俟夫观人风者得焉。

3、诸郡县苦秦吏者,皆刑其长吏。

4、手有百指,不能指其一端。

5、以其境过清,不可久居,乃记之而去。

6、予观夫巴陵胜状。

7、其人视端容寂,若听茶声然。

8、大略如彼,其实过之。

9、此起彼伏,绵绵不绝。

10、而观其市,复有昔时屠狗者乎?

11、若夫日出而林霏开,云归而言穴暝。

旁指代词:它,他。(相当于“别的.”、“其他的”)

1、我亦无他,惟手熟尔。

2、久行怀思,无它异也。

虚指代词一:肯定性无定指代词“或”,相当于“有的人”、“有时”

1、蛟或浮或没,行数十里,处与之俱。

2、今或闻无罪,二世杀之。

3、或以为死,或以为亡。

4、马之千里者,一食或尽粟一担。

5、而或长烟一空,皓月千里。

6、或凭或立,不一状。

虚指代词二:否定性无定指代词:莫、无(没有,没有谁,没有哪一样东西……)

1、夫子积学,当日知其所亡。(“亡”通“无”,不知道的东西。)

2、无(没有什么)它,但手熟尔。

3、岂独一琴哉,莫(没有什么)不然也。

4、皆若空游无(没有)所依。

5、元礼及宾客莫(没有谁)不奇之。

6、时人莫(没有谁)之许也。

7、杀臣,宋莫能守,乃可攻也。

三、疑问代词:谁,孰,何,曷,安,胡,恶(wū),所,何遽。

1、微斯人,吾谁与归?

2、太守谓谁,庐陵欧阳修也。

3、孰知赋敛之毒有甚是蛇者乎?

4、两小儿笑曰:“孰为汝多智乎?”

5、孔子云:“何陋之有?”

6、然则何时而乐邪?

7、君子于役,不知其期,曷至哉?

8、安得广厦千万间,大庇天下寒士尽欢颜。

9、燕雀安知鸿鹄之志哉?

10、余之游将自此始,恶能无记?

11、然,胡不已乎?

12、此何遽不为福乎?

13、吾恶知其今不异于古所云邪?

14、君谓计将安出?

15、况仁人居士之遗风余思,被于来世者何如哉?

16、岂(哪里是)他人之过哉?

17、吾知子之所以距我,吾不言。

篇3:高考文言文阅读练习题举例

高考文言文阅读练习题举例

蒲松龄之妻

五十余犹不忘进取①。孺人②止之日:“君勿须复尔!倘命应通显,今已台阁③矣。山林目有乐地,何必以肉鼓吹④为快哉!”松龄善其言。顾儿孙入闱⑤,褊心⑥不能无望,往往情见乎词,而孺人漠置之。或媚以先兆,亦若罔闻。松龄笑日:“穆如者⑦不欲作夫人⑧耶?”答曰:“我无他长,但知止足。今三子一孙,能继书香,衣食不至冻饿,天赐不为不厚。自顾有何功德,而尚存觖望⑨耶?”

(选自清.蒲松龄《述刘氏行实》)

[注释]①进取:此指通过科举考试获取功名。蒲松龄多次参加科举考试均不第。②孺(rú)人:妻子。③台阁:宰相。④以肉鼓吹:犹言一呼百诺。⑤入闱:参加科举考试。⑥褊(biǎn)心:私心。⑦穆如者:端庄的人。此指妻子。⑧夫人:此指贵夫人。⑨觖(jué)望:不满意。

[文言知识]

说“显”。‘‘显”是个多义词。一、指“明显”、“显著”。成语有“显而易见”。二、指“高贵”。上文“倘命应通显”,意为如果命运中应该通达显贵。所谓“显宦,’即是显贵的`高官。三、指”显出”、“表现”。如“大显身手”。四、旧时对先人的美称。如“显考”(已死去的父亲)、“显妣”(已死去的母亲)。

[思考与练习]

1.解释:①快________②罔________③但________

2.翻译:①君勿须复尔_______________________________________;②松龄善其言乎词_____________________________________;③往往情见____________________________;

④或媚以先兆________________________________

3.比较上文的两个“顾”:①“颐儿孙入闱”中的“顾”,解释为______________;②“自顾有何功德”中的“顾”,解释____________________

参考答案:

蒲松龄之妻

①快乐②同“无”③只

2.①你不必再这样干了;②蒲松龄认为妻子的话是对的;③(追求功名的)思想往往表现在语言中(见同“现”);④有时用未来有好兆头讨好她。

3.①看到②回顾

篇4:高考文言文常见官职

高考文言文常见官职

在阅读古代传记和文学作品中,经常会见到一些文武百官的职位名称,他们有一人之下万人之上的丞相,也有小小的负责开闭城门的小门候(实际就是现在的负责看大门的门卫),古代官位门类、级别和现在相比,也是挺齐全和有趣的,高考文言文阅读中常见的40个官职名。

这些官职在文学著作中有的'有注解,有的则没有。那么,这些文武官称到底是多大的官,他们与现在的哪些官职基本一致,不妨根据有关材料和自己掌握的情况,列举一下最常看到的40个,便于理解和对照。

1、守。战国称郡守,汉改太守,为一郡的行政最高长官。秦分三十六郡,比县大。相当于现在的省辖市市长。

2、史。汉武帝分全国为十三州,刺史掌管一州军政大权。相当于省(市)长兼省(市)军(分)区司令员。

3、尹。西汉京畿地方行政长官。相当于北京市市长。

4、太尉。秦至汉均有设置,为全国军政首脑。相当于国防部长。

5、越骑校尉。汉武帝时设置,禁军长官。相当于卫戍区司令员。

6、廷尉。执掌法律、主审要案的大臣。相当于最高法院院长。

7、史部尚书。掌管全国文武官吏考核赏罚。相当于人事部长。

8、光禄大夫。皇帝身边顾问之臣。相当于中央顾问委员会常委。

9、中书令。掌管皇帝命令发布。相当于“两办”秘书长。

10、尚书令。参议大政,综管政务,百官之长。相当行政院长。

11、车骑大将军。地位尊崇,多加重臣。相当于元帅军衎。

12、行军总管。统领军人队伍出征的主将。相当于前沿总指挥。

13、都察院御史。古代最高监察机构。相当于监察部长。

14、知府。地方行政长官,总管州、县事务。相当于省长(或省辖市长)。

15、知州。地方行政长官。相当于省辖市市长。

16、知县。地方行政长官。相当于县长。

17、通判。府之副职。相当于副省长(或省辖市副市长),高考辅导《高考文言文阅读中常见的40个官职名》。

18、兵马指挥。明清兵马司主官。相当于北京市公安局局长。

19、推官。掌刑名,赞计典。相当于最高法院政策司处长。

20、都事。掌出纳文移。国防部、监察部等部委内设机构局长。

21、给事中。皇帝禁中寄禄官。相当于元首生活或政治秘书。

22、经历。部委所属机构主官。相当于部委二级机构负责人。

23、行人。供差遣出使。相当于外交部工作人员。

24、典宝。协司宝掌玉玺。相当于两办负责印章的副处级干部。

25、县丞。协助县令治理一县之事。相当于副县长。

26、主薄。掌钱粮、户籍。相当于粮食局长或户籍局长。

27、检校。代 理官职。秘书级。

28、教授。府掌训导考核学生。相当于省教育厅长。

29、教谕。县掌教学。县教育局长。

30、训导。掌协助同级学官教育所属生员。相当于教育厅局副职。

31、税课大使。掌县税务事务。相当于税务局长。

32、吏目。州之属官,掌刑狱及官属事务。市政府副处级干部。

33、总镇。镇守地方的高级武官。相当于大军区司令员。

34、参将。镇守地方的统兵官,分守各路。大军区所属各军军长。

35、游击。位参将之下,掌率兵防御。负责防御工作的师级军人队伍官兵。

36、都司。位游击之下,掌防汛军政。负责防汛工作的团职干部。

37、州同。州之佐官。相当于副市长。

38、巡检。掌地方治安之官。县公安局副局长,分管治安工作。

39、侍郎。宿卫侍从皇帝的官员。中央警卫局官员,(有朋友提出相当于现在的副部长)。

40、典籍官。掌官府书录图籍事务。图书馆馆长。

篇5:高考文言文虚词的用法及其举例

高考文言文虚词的用法及其举例

(一)介词。

1.依照,根据。

①罔不因势象形。(《核舟记》)

②变法者因时而化。

③善战者因其势而利导之。

2.依靠,凭借。

①因利乘便,宰割天下,分裂山河(《过秦论》)

②因人之力而敝之,不仁(《烛之武退秦师》)

③又因厚币用事者臣靳尚。(《屈原列传》)

3.趁着,趁此。

①不如因而厚遇之。(《鸿门宴》)

②因击沛公于坐。(《鸿门宴》)

4.通过,经由。

①因宾客至蔺相如门谢罪。(《鸿门宴》)

5.因为,由于。

①因造玉清宫,伐山取材,方有人见之。

②恩所加则思无因喜以谬赏。(《谏太宗十思书》)

(二)副词。

1.于是,就;因而。

①因拔刀斫前奏案。(《赤壁之战》)

②相如因持璧却立……(《廉颇蔺相如列传》)

2.原因,缘由,机缘。

①于今无会因。(《孔雀东南飞》)

(三)动词

1.根据

①故事因于世,而备适于事(《五蠹》)

2.沿袭,继续。

①蒙故业,因遗策。(《过秦论》)

②加之以师旅,因之以饥馑。【于】

(一)介词。

1.在,从,到

①乃设九宾礼于庭。(在)《廉颇蔺相如列传》

②缙绅、大夫、士萃于左丞相府,莫知计所出。

③青,取之于蓝,而青于蓝。(前一个“于”:从)(《劝学》)

④从径道亡,归璧于赵。(到)《廉颇蔺相如列传》

2.“在……方面”“从……中”

①荆国有余地而不足于民。

②于人为可讥,而在己为悔。(《游褒禅山记》)

3.由于

①业精于勤、荒于嬉(《进学解》)

4.向,对,对于。

①请奉命求救于孙将军(《赤壁之战》)

②鲁肃闻刘表卒,言于孙权曰……(《赤壁之战》)

③爱其子,择师而教之,于其身也,则耻师焉。(《师说》)

5.被。

①君幸于赵王。《廉颇蔺相如列传》

②故内惑于郑袖,外欺于张仪。(《屈原列传》)

6.与,跟,同。

①身长八尺,每自比于管仲、乐毅。

②燕王欲结于君。《廉颇蔺相如列传》

③莫若遣腹心自结于东,以共济世业。《赤壁之战》

7.比。

①孔子曰:“苛政猛于虎也。”

②青,取之于蓝,而青于蓝。(后一个“于”:比)(《劝学》)【于是】

1.相当于“于+此”,在这时,在这种情况下,对此,从此,因此。例:

①于是宾客无不变色离席。(在这时)

②吾祖死于是,吾父死于是。(在这种情况下)(《捕蛇者说》)

③于是秦王不怿,为一击罅。(对此)《廉颇蔺相如列传》

④于是余有叹焉。(因此)(《游褒禅山记》)

⑤遂墨以葬文公,晋于是始墨。(从此)

2.连词,表前后句的承接或因果关系,与现代汉语“于是”相同。例:

①于是秦王不怿,为一击缻。(《廉颇蔺相如列传》)

②吴之民方痛心焉,于是乘其厉声以呵,则噪而相逐。(《五人墓碑记》)

③于是为长安君约车百乘,质于齐。(《触龙说赵太后》)

篇6:高考常见重点动词归类举例

Come:

1. Can you tell me how the accident comes about?(发生)

2. He spoke for a long time but his meaning did not really come across.(弄明白)

I came across an old friend in the street this morning.(偶然遇到)

3. The plaster had started to come away from the wall.(脱落)

4. Miniskirts are starting to come back..(重新流行)

5. The ceiling came down. We were force to come down in a field.(降落)

The price of petrol is coming down.(下降)

6. Come on, we’ll be late for the theatre.(加油;快点!)

7. I came on/upon a child playing in the street.(偶然遇见)

8. The rain stopped and the sun came out.(露出,出现)

When is his new novel come out?(出版) Our holiday photos didn’t come out.(冲洗)

9. Why don’t you come over to England for a holiday?(从某处到另一地)

10. Pour some water on his face, and he will soon come round/to.(苏醒)

11. with such a weak heart, she was lucky to come through the operation.(经-还活着)

12. The idea came to him in his bath.(看法被人想出) The bill came to£30.(共计为---)

13. The snowdrops are just beginning to come up.(长出地面)

14. She come up with a mew idea for increasing sales.(找到答案;想出办法)

Take:

1. Our hometown has taken on a new look.(呈现)

2. The plane has taken off.(起飞) He took off his coat.(脱掉)

3. The new manager took over the company.(接管)

4. The table took up too much room.(占据) Take up a gun.(拿起)

Take up the work as a teacher.(从事) He takes up golf.(以---作为消遣)

5. I took back what I said.(收回) The store has token the goods back. (同意退货)

The smell took me back to my childhood.使---回想)

6. Please don’t take the books away from the library.(拿走)

The doctor gave her some medicine to take away the pain.使----消失)

7. Take down the picture from the wall.(取下) Take down a tent/gate.(拆除)

Take down the speech.(记下)

8. Take his wife out to dinner.(带---出去) Take out a tooth.(切除身体某部分)

9. He take me in.(欺骗) He was homeless, so we took him in.(留某人住宿)

We take in oxygen.(吸入)

Keep:

1. Police warned bystanders to keep away from the building.(使---不靠近----)

2. A lot of water are kept back by the dam.(阻止)

Your salary is kept back by your boss.(拒支付)

I ’m sure she’s keeping something back from us.(拒不将---告诉某人)

3. Keep that dog out of my study.(使---不进入)

4. The people have been kept down by the cruel king.(压制,镇压)

Keep down wages / prices / the cost of living. (使---处于低水平)

5. They lit a fire to keep wild animals off them.(使---不靠近---)

keep off cigarettes / drugs(不吃,不吸食---)

6. The rain keeps on all night.(继续做---)

7. let’s hope the sunny weather keeps up for Saturday’s tennis match.(雨/雪/好天气持续不停)

8. I do hope we’re not keeping you up. (使人不睡觉)

The high cost of materials is keeping prices up.(使---处于高水平)

Slow down------ I can’t keep up with you.(跟上/与---同步前进)

How many old friends do you keep up with?(保持联系)

Send:

1. send sb to sleep. send sb into laughter.(使----进入某种状态)

send sb mad /crazy(使-变得)

2. send for a doctor/taxi(使---到来) Have you sent that letter off yet?(寄出/发出)

3.The sun sends out light and warmth.(从自身发出---)

The trees send out new leaves in spring.(生出/长出---)

Bring:

1. A thief was brought in by the police.(逮捕)

His work brings (him) in ¥50000 a year.(使sb 获益)

2. He was out in the rain all day and this brought on a bad cold.(导致/造成---)

3. The company is bringing out a new sports car.(生产/出版)

4. Bring out the meaning of the poem.(说明/阐明)

5. He was ill but the doctor brought him through.(拯救) 6. She brought up five children.(抚养)

Give:

1. How much will you give me for my old car?(付钱买--)

2. You have given me your cold.(传染)

3. The bride was given away by her father.(婚礼中将新娘移交新郎)

He gave away most of his money to charity.(赠送)

The mayor gave away the prizes at the school sports day.(分发/颁发)

They gave away their last chance of winning the match.(未利用/抓住)

She gave away the state secrets to the enemy.(泄露/出卖)

4. Could you give me back my pen?(还回)

5. Please give your examination papers in to the teacher.(上交)

She’s a brave player, and she never gives in.(屈服/让步)

6. You ought to give up smoking.(放弃) 7. The cooker is giving off (out) a funny smell.(发出)

8. After a month their food supplies gave out.(用完/耗尽)

The teacher gave out the examination paper.(分发)

The news of the president’s death was given out in a radio broadcast.(宣布/广播)

Get:

1. get a good harvest(得到,获得) 2. get close to sth /doing sth (接近某事/做某事)

3. Get a cup of tea for me .(弄来,搞来,取来)

4. get sth/ sb to do sth(使某人/某事做某事) Be sure and get Mr. White to come .

I couldn’t get the car to start( make it start)this morning .

5. get sb/sth doing使---- 处于某种状态(相当于keep sth/sb doing )

Can you really get that old car going again .(你真能让那辆旧汽车再跑起来?)

6. I’ll get my watch repaired .

7. Do you get along with you boss ?(与---合得来) How are you getting along/on?(生活)

8. Thieves raided (抢劫)he bank and got away with a lot of money .(偷携某物潜逃)

9. Two of the prisoners got away from the prison (逃离)

10. Get down to sth /doing sth (开始做某事/重视做某事/认真处理某事)

It’s time I got down to some serious work . He got down to doing his homework.

11. Did you get his telephone number down .(记下/写下)

This wet weather is getting me down .(使某人沮丧或情绪低落)

12. Get into bad habits /get into the habit of doing sth (染上----的习惯)

13. He is not very good at getting his ideas across .(使---被理解)

14. She can’t get rid of her cold.(摆脱/去除)

15. I think the problem can be got over without too much difficulty. (克服/战胜)

16. Tom failed but his sister got through .(及格)

I tried ringing you several times yesterday but I couldn’t get through (to you).(接通电话)

I found her impossible to get through to.(与某人沟通)

17. get the crops in(收割/收获) The train got in late .(到%D-下车)

9. Why don’t you set your ideas down on paper?(记/写下来---)

10. They have set off on a journey round the world.(开始旅行/赛跑)

11. Do be careful or you will set off the fireworks.(引爆--)

12. Don’t set him off talking politics or he’ll go on all evening.(使某人开始做----)

13. She set out /off /forth at down.(出发/动身)8力移交---)

6. They handed him / their weapons over to the police.(把某人/物交出给当局)

Set:

1. He set a post in the ground.(放置,摆放)

2. He set her alarm for 7 o’clock.(调好---钟)

3. She set a new world record for the high jump.(建立/创立)

4. I don’t know how to set about this job.(开始做---doing)

5. She set aside her book and lit a cigarette.(把---放于一边)

6. She set aside a bit of money every month.(节省/保留时间/金钱等)

7. Let’s set aside my personal feelings.(不理会/不顾及---)

8. I’ll set you down on the corner of your street.(让---下车)

9. Why don’t you set your ideas down on paper?(记/写下来---)

10. They have set off on a journey round the world.(开始旅行/赛跑)

11. Do be careful or you will set off the fireworks.(引爆--)

12. Don’t set him off talking politics or he’ll go on all evening.(使某人开始做----)

13. She set out /off /forth at down.(出发/动身)

14. They succeeded in what they set out to do.(带着---目的)开始做------

15. Set up a memorial / monument. (摆放/竖起---)

Look:

1. It looks like rain. It looks as if/though it’s going to rain.

2. This year’s sales figures are looking good.(有希望/ 有进展)

3. You’re not looking yourself today.(看起来不健康)

4. I don’t like the way he looked up and down before speaking to me.(上下打量某人)

5. He needs to be properly looked after.(照看,照料0

6. Look back on one’s childhood / past(回顾---) Look forward to seeing you again.

7. She looks down on people who’ve never been to university.(鄙视---)

8. His disappearance is being looked into by the police.(调查---)

9. She’s looked on as the leading authority on the subject.(把---看作---)

10. Passers-by just looked on as a man was attacked.(旁观)

11. Look out (for pickpockets).(当心/小心---)

12. She looked around when she heard the noise behind her.(转过头看---)

13. We must look over the house before we decide to rent it.(仔细检查---)

14. She just looked through me. (对某人故意视而不见)

15. She looked through her notes before the examination.(快速阅读---)

16. Always look your work through before handing it in.(仔细检查----)

17. Things are looking up! look up the word in the dictionary.(---好转/改善)

18. She has always looks up to her father.(赞赏/ 尊敬---)

Turn:

1. I didn’t need to take my umbrella, as it / things turned out.(事后果然如此)<固定搭配>

2. She turned away in horror at the sight of so much blood.(转脸不看---)

3. Hundreds of people had to be turned away from the stadium.(不准某人进入---)

4. The weather become so bad that they had to turn back. (原路折回)

5. He tried to join the army but was turned down because of his health.(拒绝---)

6. You must turn in your uniform before you leave the army.(交还/退还----)

7. Turn off the light / tap / oven (关闭----)

8. A crowd turned out to watch the match.(出现/露面)

9. The factory turned out 900 cars a week. (生产/制造)

It turned out that she was a friend of my sister. she turned out to be a friend of my sister.

(结果是---/证明是----)

10. Remember to turn out the lights before you go to bed.(关掉)

11. She turned over and went to sleep.(翻身/翻转)

12. Customs officials turned the man over to the police.(把某人交给---)

13. He turned the business over to his daughter.(把管理权交给---)

14. Turn round and let me look at your back.(转向另一面)

15. We arranged to meet at the cinema at the 7:30, but he failed to turn up.(出现)

16. These trousers are too long ; they ’ll need turning up.(改短---)

Break:

1. She dropped the plate and it broke into pieces / two.(摔成---)

2. The prisoner broke away from his guard.(逃脱,挣脱---)

3. We broke down on the highway.(失灵/抛锚)

4. Negotiations between the two sides have broken down(fail).(失败/崩溃)

5. Burglars had broken in while we were away. (强行入内)

6. His house was broken into last night.(强行进入)

7. He broke off in the middle of a sentence.(停止讲话)

8. Fire broke out during the night.(爆发/发生)

9. The people broke through the police cordon.(突破)

10. The sun broke through at last in the afternoon.(太阳/月亮从云后出现)

11. Break through one’s shyness.(克服---)

12. The meeting broke up at 11 o’clock. (解散)

13. When do you break up for Christmas? (学校)期末放假

14. She ’s just broke (up) with her boy-friend.(与---绝交)

Call:

1. The doctor was not at home , he was called away to an accident .(叫走)

2. Success calls for hard work .(要求) 3. I’ll call back after dinner .回电话)

4. Police were called in to break up the crowd.(招来/召集)

5. Lincoln called on people to fight for freedom .(号召)

6. call on sb / call at some place (拜访某人/某地)

Put:

1. She put the newspaper aside and picked up a book.(把---放于一边)

2. She’s put aside a sum for her retirement.(存储钱以备他日之需; 为顾客保留物品)

3. They decided to put aside their differences.(忽视;不再想---)

4. Put your toys away in the cupboard.(收起---;放好---)

5. She’s got a few thousand pounds put away for her retirement.(存钱)

6. Please put the dictionary back on the shelf.(把---放回原处)

7. The bus stopped to put down some passengers.(让乘客下车)

8. You should put down what he said at the meeting.(写下;记下)

9. Spring has come and trees are putting forth new leaves.(长出花;发芽)

10. We ‘ve put forward our wedding by one week.(提前---)

11. She put him off with the excuse that she had too much work to do.(推迟,取消与----约会)

12. Could you put the lights off before you leave.(关掉)

13. She keeps putting off going to the dentist.(拖延做---)

14. Put on one’s coat/ gloves/ skirt. (穿上--)

15. How many pounds did you put on over Christmas? (长胖)

16. The theatre is putting on “Macbeth”.(上演)

17. The plant puts out 500 new cars a week. (生产)

18. Police have put out a description of the man they wish to question.(发布/出版/广播---)

19. Firemen soon put the fire out. (扑灭) put out the lamp /light /a candle / cigarette(关/熄--)

20. You have put your family through much suffering.(使---经受苦难)

21. Could you put me through to the manager? (接通电话)

22. We can put you up for the night.(向---提供食宿)

23. Put up a flag / put up a memorial(升旗/竖碑)

24. I don’t know how she puts up with his cruelty to her.(忍受)

Hold:

1. The dam was not strong enough to hold back the flood water.(阻止,阻挡---)

2. Hold on a minute while I get my breath back..(等一下)

3. He hold on to the rock to stop himself slipping.(抓住.握住---)

4. we can stay here for as long as our supplies hold out.(---维持/保持)

5. The accident held up traffic.(阻碍/延误---)

6. catch/ get/ seize/ take hold of (抓住/握住/拿住--)

Go:

1. How did your holiday go ? It went very well .(进行)

2. go for a walk/swim--- (去参加某种活动)

go fishing /swimming/ shopping /camping/sailing---

3. This matter has gone beyond a joke. (超过---)

4. go blind/mad/pale/bankrupt/bad (变瞎/变疯/变苍白/破产)

She can’t bear the thought of children going hungry .(挨饿)

5.The war is going against us. (对某人不利)

Don’t go against your parents /your parents’ wishes. (抵抗或反对某人)

His thinking goes against all logic.(与某事冲突)

6. Which events is he going in for at the Olympics? (参加) She goes in for swimming. (酷爱)

7. The gun went off by accident. (开火,爆炸) Suddenly the lights went off. (熄灭)

Hasn’t the baby gone off ? (入睡) The alarm clock went off at six and woke him. (闹钟响)

The operation went off quite well.(进行) His grandfather went off last year. (去世)

8. Her blouse doesn’t go with her trousers. (与--- 协调)

Disease often goes with poverty. Disease and poverty often go together. (相伴共存)

9. go without (没有某事物也可以/忍受某事物的缺乏)

I had to go without breakfast this morning as I was in a hurry.

She went without sleep for three days.

10. act as a go-between (中间人/媒人/调解人/信使)

11. Go over your work carefully before you hand it in. (仔细检查)

She went over her lines before the first night of the play. (温习)

12. He goes after every woman he meets. (设法得到) He went after the burglars. (追踪)

13. go all out to do sth (竭尽全力做某事) go on to do sth/doing sth/with sth(继续---)

14. ----May I start now? ----yes, go ahead.(进行/开始做)

15. the deal did not go through.(通过/完成)

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