下面是小编帮大家整理的英语语法指示代词学习(共含6篇),希望对大家有所帮助。同时,但愿您也能像本文投稿人“颠鸾倒凤赤肚兜”一样,积极向本站投稿分享好文章。
1.指示代词形式
可以分成这几类:
单数
this这
that那
复数
these这些
those那些
2. 指示代词用法
指示代词,在英语句子中经常充当主语、宾语和定语。
(1)近指和远指
this, these指空间上离说话人较近的人或者事物,而that, those指空上离说话人较远的人或者事物。
比如:
Come this way please. We’ll go in by that door.
请这边走。我们从那扇门进去。
Look at the presents. These are for you, and those are for little Tim.
看这些礼物。这些是给你的,而那些是给小提姆的。
(2)在打电话时或者其他场合,指代看到的一方用this,而看不到的一方用that。
比如:
This is Berry speaking. Is that you, Dora?
我是贝蒂。是你吗,朵拉?
“Who’s that?” She asked.
“是谁?”她问道。
(3)that, those特指上文中提到的名词。例如:
The water in thisriver is cleaner than that(=the cameras)
这条档里的水比那条河里的水干净。
These cameras are more expensive than those(=the cameras) in the shop window.
这些照相机比橱窗里的贵。
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指示代词(demonstrative pronoun)是用来指示或标识人或事物的代词。指示代词与定冠词和人称代词一样,都具有指定的含义。
1) 指示代词分单数(this / that)和复数(these / those)两种形式,既可作限定词又可做代词,例如:
单数this / that 复数these / those
限定词:This girl is Mary. Those men are my teachers.
代词: This is Mary. Those are my teachers.
2) 指示代词的句法功能;
a. 作主语
This is the way to do it. 这事儿就该这样做。
This is my book.这是我的书。
Those are exactly what I need.那些正是我所需要的。
b. 作宾语
I like this better than that. 我喜欢这个甚至那个。
Can you accept that?你能接受吗?
We should always keep this in mind. 我们应当经常记住这一点。
c. 作表语
My point is this. 我的观点就是如此。
My plan is like that.我的计划就是这样。
It was this that reminded me of. 就是这个提醒了我。
d. 作介词宾语
I don't say no to that. 我并未拒绝那个。
There is no fear of that. 那并不可怕。
With this he got up and went out.他说着就站起来走出去了。
Go in this direction. 照这个方向走。
e.作定语
For this reason, the middle class will bear much of the burden of rising taxes.因为这个原因,中产阶级会从税收上升中承受更大的负担。
We must get to know these tricks of theirs. 我们必须懂得他们这一套鬼花招。
The outcome of this election will be determined by the votes and by the law.选举结果会由投票结果和法律共同决定。
指示代词用法
指示代词,在英语句子中经常充当主语、宾语和定语。
(1)近指和远指
this, these指空间上离说话人较近的人或者事物,而that, those指空上离说话人较远的人或者事物。
比如:
Come this way please. We’ll go in by that door.
请这边走。我们从那扇门进去。
Look at the presents. These are for you, and those are for little Tim.
看这些礼物。这些是给你的,而那些是给小提姆的。
(2)在打电话时或者其他场合,指代看到的一方用this,而看不到的一方用that。
比如:
This is Berry speaking. Is that you, Dora?
我是贝蒂。是你吗,朵拉?
“Who’s that?” She asked.
“是谁?”她问道。
(3)that, those特指上文中提到的名词。例如:
The water in thisriver is cleaner than that(=the cameras)
这条档里的水比那条河里的水干净。
These cameras are more expensive than those(=the cameras) in the shop window.
这些照相机比橱窗里的贵。
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指示代词
1) 指示代词分单数(this / that)和复数(these / those)两种形式,既可作限定词又可做代词,例如:单数 复数
限定词:This girl is Mary. Those men are my
teachers.
代词: This is Mary. Those are my
teachers.
2) 指示代词的句法功能;
a. 作主语
This is the way to do it.
这事儿就该这样做。
b. 作宾语
I like this better than that.
我喜欢这个甚至那个。
c. 作主语补语
My point is this.
我的观点就是如此。
d. 作介词宾语
I don't say no to that.
我并未拒绝那个。
There is no fear of that.
那并不可怕。
说明1:
指示代词在作主语时可指物也可指人,但作其他句子成分时只能指物,不能指人,例如:
(对)That is my teacher. 那是我的'老师。( that作主语,指人)
(对)He is going to marry this girl. 他要和这个姑娘结婚。(this作限定词)
(错)He is going to marry this. (this作宾语时不能指人)
(对)I bought this. 我买这个。(this指物,可作宾语)
说明2:
That和those可作定语从句的先行词,但this和 these不能,同时,在作先行词时,只有those可指人,试比较:
(对) He admired that which looked beautiful. 他赞赏外表漂亮的东西。
(对) He admired those who looked beautiful. 他赞赏那些外表漂亮的人。(those指人)
(错) He admired that who danced well. (that作宾语时不能指人)
(对) He admired those who danced well. 他赞赏跳舞好的人。(those指人)
(对) He admired those which looked beautiful. 他赞赏那些外表漂亮的东西。(those指物)
连接代词(Conjunctive Pronouns)——
who、whoever、whom、whomever、whose、what、whatever、which、whichever等。
连接代词在句中可用作主语、宾语、表语、定语等,可以引导主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和状语从句,具体用法如下:
1、连接代词引导主语从句,例如:
Who broke the window is still unknown.
是谁打破了玻璃还不知道。
Whoever says that is a liar.
说那话的人是骗子。
Whom we should invite is not clear.
我们应该邀请谁还不清楚。
Whomever I love is none of your business.
我爱谁与你无关。
What we should do depends on you.
我们该做什么取决于你。
Whatever you said is right.
无论你说什么都是对的。
Whichever of you comes first will get a cake.
你们谁第一谁就能得到一个蛋糕。
2、连接代词引导宾语从句,例如:
I don’t know who you are looking for.
我不知道你在找谁。
Do you know whose is the dress on the chair?
你知道椅子上的裙子是谁的吗?
No one knows what will happen next.
谁也不知道接下来会发生什么事。
I want whatever you have.
我想要你所拥有的一切。
You can take whichever hat you like.
你喜欢哪顶帽子就拿哪顶吧。
3、连接代词引导表语从句,例如:
The question is whom you plan to write to.
问题是你想给谁写信?
This is what we can do now.
这就是我们现在能做的。
What I want is whatever you have.
我想要的是你所拥有的一切。
4、连接代词引导状语从句,例如:
Whatever you do, I will support you.
无论你做什么,我都支持你。
Whichever route you take, it takes three hours.
无论走哪条路,都要三小时。
Whoever wants to speak to me on the phone, tell them I am busy.
不管谁要我接电话,就说我现在正忙着呢。
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指示代词用来指代人或事物,有this,these,that,those:
this:指在时间或空间上离说话人较近的人或事物,译为“这,这个”,复数形式是these(这些)。
that:指在时间或空间上离说话人较远的人或事物,译为“那,那个”,复数形式是those(那些)。
指示代词在句中可作主语、表语、宾语和定语,基本用法如下:
1、指示代词作主语,例如:
This is Dawn. That is Tom.
这是唐,那是汤姆。
This is your book. That is mine.
这是你的书。那是我的。
These are apples.
这些是苹果。
Those are my father’s photos.
那些是我爸爸的照片。
2、指示代词作表语,例如:
What you bought is this.
你买的就是这个。
What is that?
那是什么?
3、指示代词作宾语,例如:
I love this.
我很喜欢这个。
Please don’t do that.
请不要那么做。
4、指示代词作定语,例如:
This cup is mine.
这个杯子是我的。
That orange is hers.
那个橙子是她的。
These apples are delicious.
这些苹果很好吃。
Those boys are playing football.
那些男孩子在踢足球。
公众号: 你莫愁英语语法
★ 学习英语语法方法
★ 代词练习题
★ 代词总结
★ 指示怎么造句
★ 指示性通知
★ 公文指示写法
★ 商场指示标语