以下是小编为大家准备的为何要从词句入手来备考GRE阅读（共含2篇），希望对大家有帮助。同时，但愿您也能像本文投稿人“十七岁子弹”一样，积极向本站投稿分享好文章。
为何要从词句入手来备考阅读?
做GRE阅读首先需要读者能一定程度地读懂阅读文章，这个一定程度指的是：认识阅读文章中与结构、文章脉络、focus相关的重点词汇，能读懂大部分句子的大意，并能根据上下文关系推测或跳过生词、难句。这就要求读者首先要有一定的词汇量，尤其是认识GRE阅读中最常用的一些重要词汇，其次，读者还要有一定的读懂句子、尤其是长句的能力，这两个能力，可能在准备阅读之初，很多人并不具备，所以，需要考生花一些时间来培养这两种技能，以供阅读基本之需。
从词汇入手的备考思路
很多考生在初学GRE的时候往往会觉得最大的障碍就是单词，一般来说，GRE阅读需要掌握的单词比考GRE所需掌握的总体词汇量其实要少的多，对词汇的掌握要求也没有其他部分来得高，一般只要能看懂理解意思即可。而有很多词汇常常会反复出现在阅读文章中，可以说是GRE阅读专署词汇，重复率很高，只需集中背记一下就可以解决基本问题。大家也可以在做阅读的过程中逐步总结、积累，在积累识记的过程中记住它们的含义。当然，同学们在背记这些词的时候最好能更多的思考他们在阅读中的作用，这样，记住一个词往往能事半功倍，有时甚至可以解决一道题。
从句子入手的备考思路
读句子，尤其是读长难句，比较容易入手的读法是先找句子的主、谓、宾成分，尤其是谓语动词，很多句子结构复杂，由很多从句组成，一句读下来可能会不解其义，开始读的候侯，如果能句子的主干读起，就能相对容易地把握句子的大意。而试着以寻找句子主干为目的来读，就好比将主谓宾加粗，突出了重点和层次，对句子领会起来就更容易些。
另外，ETS将简单句子复杂化通常有其固定的模式， 比如：
1. 合并简单句、变简单句为带有从句结构或并列从句结构或多层从句结构的句子;
2. 通过否定、双重甚至多重否定增加理解上的困难;
3. 将原本分开的句子组合、套用在某固定句式、词组里面;
4. 加入插入语来打断读句子的思路;
5. 通过将一些成分后置、倒装或者省略来增加难度。
读者要想轻松的跳过这些难点，首先要对一些典型的句子进行结构分析，之后还需靠平时的阅读积累，通过一定量的练习熟悉这些句子的结构构成方式，当遇到难以理解的句子时及时总结，分析其结构，从根本上解决所遇障碍，长此以往，进步将不断。
综上所述，考生如果想要在GRE阅读中表现出色，那么从词句入手进行备考练习，就不失为一种从根本上解决问题的好方法，大家不妨结合自身实际情况尝试一下，相信定会有所收获。
GRE阅读结构化练习
先大概说一下结构化阅读问题。所谓的结构化阅读的过程就像是对图书馆书架上的书归类整理的过程。鉴于GRE文章的来源和人造性，GRE结构都是有规律可循的。做题的时候去盒子里的绞一堆首饰里找一个耳钉容易还是在耳钉分类的暗格里找容易呢，你有可能对每一件首饰都清清楚楚，就像你认识每一个单词理解每一个句子一样，但是短暂的时间里有效的找出来就是另外一回事了。
这里我将逻辑等价词定义的很狭义，简单的说就是阅读中相呼应的词，如同义，反义，逻辑包含，逻辑同类，逻辑反类等等。前两者很好理解，后三者则需要结合文章具体内容来说明。
词语是怎么和结构扯上关系的呢，各位看官，下面从这篇文章来看我们应该如何通过逻辑等价词去看这篇文章的行文结构。许多做绿皮的同学对该篇文章很头疼，因为课上讲过的GRE的文章套路似乎并不适用这么一篇。其实不然，该篇文章仍然是以总分结构展开的，何以见得呢。请看黑体和斜体标注的词。
Great comic art is never otherworldly, it does not seek to mystify us, and it does not deny ambiguity by branding as evil whatever differs from good. /Great comic artists assume that truth may bear all lights, and thus they seek to accentuate contradictions in social action, not gloss over or transcend them by appeals to extrasocial symbols of divine ends, cosmic purpose, or laws of nature. /The moment of transcendence in great comic art is a social moment, born out of the conviction that we are human, even though we try to be gods. /The comic community to which artists address themselves is a community of reasoning, loving, joyful, compassionate beings, who are willing to assume the human risks of acting rationally. /Without invoking gods or demons, great comic art arouses courage in reason, courage which grows out of trust in what human beings can do as humans.
读过这篇文章后同学们应该看的出来，找语言现象里的but诸如此类的逻辑关系提示词是没有用的，所以就需要通过黑体字来看文章关系。
这些黑体字就是我所谓的逻辑等价词，我把它们分为两类有关感性，和有关理性：
第一类Otherworldly, extrasocial, divine, cosmic, nature, transcendence, gods, demons 感性
第二类Social, human, reasoning, rationally, reason, human, humans 理性
大家应该已经看到了这里面的同义词，比如otherworld和extrasocial; divine, cosmic和nature;反义词如social和extrasocial等等，而extrasocial和divine, cosmic, nature 就是我所谓的逻辑包含，divine, cosmic, nature则是逻辑同类，而gods,demons和human则是逻辑反类。总之，这些词都有内在的逻辑关系，这有什么用处呢?
该篇阅读对第一类词都是否定的，比如说never otherworldly，而对第二类词都是肯定的，比如Great comic art arouses courage in reason. 这说明了作者对great comic art的一个态度：伟大的漫画艺术是有普世价值的(即是理性的)。
这是逻辑等价词对结构的作用一，看清那些句子肯定的，那些是否定说明的。
另外，看斜体部分的词，分别是：
Great comic art; great comic artists; the moment of transcendence in great comic art; the comic community; the courage
这5个斜体词实际上就是5句话的研究对象。总分结构就出现了：
从漫画艺术家方面来讲
从漫画升华时刻反面来讲
伟大漫画艺术 从漫画团体方面来讲 是有普世价值的
从理性勇气来讲
这样的信息点是很难记的，但是只要用火眼金睛看到几个关键词，相信客观题也就不难做了。逻辑等价词的重要性不仅仅体现在这一篇文章里，希望大家举一反三，将技巧熟练应用。
对GRE verbal部分漫长的准备过程，最后一个160+的分数肯定不是你能得到的最划算的结果，你的英文水平包括知识储备都应该上一个新台阶。为此，韦氏的几本字典都是我相当推荐的，如果说要练就地道的写作，你要天天抱着牛津搭配字典的话，那么要精通GRE阅读的话，你恐怕要好好记背一下绿色的vocabulary builder和 黄色的synonyms and antonyms。背同义词反义词对新GRE的好处是潜移默化的，你可以迅速spot词与词之间的关系来帮助你看清文章结构，进一步读懂文章。
GRE阅读：暗示推理题解析
在你选出答案以前，其实你并不知道这是暗示推理题，你的概念或许只有细节题，即除了中心思想题以外所有题都是细节题。事实上，在真正做题时，你也不必事先判断它是属于哪一 类题型，我们将其归类的目的是为了让你对考试的题型有一个确切的把握。
也就是说，如果你碰到某一道“细节题”，顺利地将关键词定位以后，你仍然不能很快地确定到底是哪一个选项正确时，你不要灰心，因为有一种比复述题稍微复杂一点的题，即暗示推理题。
这一过程，我们的题型分类就起作用了，因为它事先给了你思想准备，即对未知的练习题有一个合理 的期待。但是，我们却可以通过暗示推理题的基本问法来事先判断它是否属于暗示推理题：
It can be inferred from the passage that...
The passage/author suggests that…
The passage/author implies that...
解密：暗示推理题是阅读中较难的题型。如果说复述题要脑子转一次弯的话，那么暗示推理题就需要转两次弯。，包括所有的美国人将这称为一个人的“intelligent ability”， 即智力。这种题在阅读题中出现的概率是0.3，每3道题中就会出一道，即大概每篇阅读出一 道。
英语阅读
GRE阅读应对长篇文章要从了解结构入手
GRE阅读文章5大常见结构之现象解释型
考点：顾名思义是对某种自然或社会现象进行分析解释。这类文章在一开始就会描述一种“奇怪”的现象，说它奇怪是因为这种现象发生的频率比较低或者在日常生活中不容易见到，又或者是容易被我们忽略的一些现象。文章的展开也是围绕这一现象进行，首先是对这一现象的描述，然后介绍其产生的原因及所造成的影响，从而间接地表达作者的态度或评价。
应对方法：对于这类文章，考生不仅要对描述的现象有所了解，知道其具体在讲什么，更重的是对该现象的成因解释要理解透彻，明确产生这种现象的真正原因才能在作答时快速准确的从文中找到依据。建议大家在平时的练习中养成剖析文章结构的习惯，这样不仅可以大大提高做题的效率，还能举一反三，考生只要稍作归纳，就可以迅速解题，做到事半功倍。
GRE阅读文章5大常见结构之观点比较型
考点：观点对比型的GRE阅读通常会在文章一开始就提出两个或两个以上的观点，并在下文中呈现出对比分析的特点。通过对两个或多个观点的分析比较，间接表现出作者的态度和评价，从而判断文章的主旨和基调。在做题过程中要注意观察作者的态度或评价，因为此类型的文章中通常会有关于作者态度的题目。
应对方法：这类文章主要是考察考生对文章整体的把握程度，对文章结构和内容的分析能力，以及对作者态度评价及逻辑的判断。文章通常围绕新观点展开，明白这一点，就要在平时的练习中多家注意，并养成好的做题习惯，这样才能在考试的时候临危不乱，取得满意的成绩。
GRE阅读文章5大常见结构之结论说明型
考点：此类型的文章通常会在文章开头给出一个明确的结论，然后在下文中围绕这一结论进行详细论述，通过摆事实和分析论据的方式来证明结论的正确性或可行性。文章的展开通常会以“总-分”的形式来呈现。
应对方法：这类文章一般在首句都会出现一个主题句，即topic sentence，接着下文围绕这一话题展开讨论，并且在讨论的过程中不断抛出论据来证明该结论的正确性。通过对论据的分析考生可以准确判断作者的态度，对接下来的题目练习做好铺垫。考生在平时练习的时候一定要养成分析文章套路的习惯，“养兵千日用兵一时”对提升考生的准确率是非常有效的。
GRE阅读文章5大常见结构之对比分析型
考点：此类型的文章通常会在文章开头给出两个或两个以上关于新观点的主题句，然后在下文中围绕这一观点进行详细论述和对比分析，并且在对比中会着重凸显作者的态度和观点。下面给大家举例说明一下。
应对方法：同样，此类文章在结构上也会呈现出总-分-总结构，第一段抛出观点之后在接下来的段落中进行针对性的分析，最后一段通常是对比分析后得出的结论汇总。所以在平时做GRE阅读的时候一定要养成分析文章套路的习惯，这样在做题的时候就能做到心中有数，下笔有神。
GRE阅读文章5大常见结构之自问自答型
考点：问题解答类的文章通常会以问句的形式开始，第一段会提出一个问题或者呈现一个难题，而问题通常是“设问”句。常见的标志词如：problem，difficulty, task, puzzle, challenge, question等词。紧接着会对这一问题进行解答或作出解释，文章围绕这些问题展开讨论分析，并把作者的观点态度贯穿其中。主要考察考生对文章问题的理解以及对所给答案的分析和判断，要求考生有明确的思路和方向。
应对方法：该类文章的大体结构基本可以总结为“提问-解答-表明立场”，考生在读文章的时候一定要把握好文章的基调和作者的评价，善于分析并把握文章的重点，判断作者最想表达的内容。为接下来的作答做好准备。首先，正如上文介绍的，文章一开始就要找出作者提出的文章要讨论的问题。接着，作者会对此给出解答这个问题的重要信息考生对这些信息要进行明确的标注，方便最后的题目解答。最后根据作者对问题作出的回答判断作者的观点和立场，把握文章的主要内容。
了解了上文中提到的这些常见文章结构后，相信大家对于如何提升GRE阅读长篇文章的快速解读拆分技巧也有了一定掌握，之后小编希望大家能够结合一些阅读习题进行实践练习，尽快熟练这项实用的解题技巧。
GRE阅读练习
(This passage is from an article published in 1973)
The recent change to all-volunteer armed forces in the United States will eventually produce a gradual increase in the proportion of women in the armed forces and in the variety of women’s assignments, but probably not the dramatic gains for women that might have been expected. This is so even though the armed forces operate in an ethos of institutional change oriented toward occupational equality and under the federal sanction of equal pay for equal work. The difficulty is that women are unlikely to be trained for any direct combat operations. A significant portion of the larger society remains uncomfortable as yet with extending equality in this direction. Therefore, for women in the military, the search for equality will still be based on functional equivalence, not identity or even similarity of task. Opportunities seem certain to arise. The growing emphasis on deterrence is bound to offer increasing scope for women to become involved in novel types of noncombat military assignments.
17. The primary purpose of the passage is to
(A) present an overview of the different types of assignments available to women in the new United States all-volunteer armed forces
(B) present a reasoned (reasoned: adj.详尽论述的, 理由充分的) prognosis of the status of women in the new United States all-volunteer armed forces
(C) present the new United States all-volunteer armed forces as a model case of equal employment policies in action
(D) analyze reforms in the new United States all-volunteer armed forces necessitated by the increasing number of women in the military
(E) analyze the use of functional equivalence as a substitute for occupational equality in the new United States all-volunteer armed forces
18. According to the passage, despite the United States armed forces’ commitment to occupational equality for women in the military, certain other factors preclude women’s
(A) receiving equal pay for equal work
(B) having access to positions of responsibility at most levels
(C) drawing assignments from a wider range of assignments than before
(D) benefiting from opportunities arising from new noncombat functions
(E) being assigned all of the military tasks that are assigned to men
19. The passage implies that which of the following is a factor conducive to a more equitable representation of women in the United States armed forces than has existed in the past?
(A) The all-volunteer character of the present armed forces
(B) The past service records of women who had assignments functionally equivalent to men’s assignments
(C) The level of awareness on the part of the larger society of military issues
(D) A decline in the proportion of deterrence oriented noncombat assignments
(E) Restrictive past policies governing the military assignments open to women
20. The “dramatic gains for women” (line 5) and the attitude, as described in lines 11-12, of a “significant portion of the larger society” are logically related to each other inasmuch as (inasmuch as: 因为, 由于) the author puts forward the latter as
(A) a public response to achievement of the former
(B) the major reason for absence of the former
(C) a precondition for any prospect of achieving the former
(D) a catalyst for a further extension of the former
(E) a reason for some of the former being lost again
Of the thousands of specimens of meteorites found on Earth and known to science, only about 100 are igneous; that is, they have undergone melting by volcanic action at some time since the planets were first formed. These igneous meteorites are known as achondrites because they lack chondrules—small stony spherules found in the thousands of meteorites (called “chondrites”) composed primarily of unaltered minerals that condensed from dust and gas at the origin of the solar system. Achondrites are the only known samples of volcanic rocks originating outside the Earth-Moon system. Most are thought to have been dislodged by interbody impact from asteroids, with diameters of from 10 to 500 kilometers, in solar orbit between Mars and Jupiter.
Shergottites, the name given to three anomalous achondrites so far discovered on Earth, present scientists with a genuine enigma. Shergottites crystallized from molten rock less than 1.1 billion years ago (some 3.5 billion years later than typical achondrites) and were presumably ejected into space when an object impacted on a body similar in chemical composition to Earth.
While most meteorites appear to derive from comparatively small bodies, shergottites exhibit properties that indicate that their source was a large planet, conceivably Mars. In order to account for such an unlikely source, some unusual factor must be invoked, because the impact needed to accelerate a fragment of rock to escape the gravitational field of a body even as small as the Moon is so great that no meteorites of lunar origin have been discovered.
While some scientists speculate that shergottites derive from Io (a volcanically active moon of Jupiter), recent measurements suggest that since Io’s surface is rich in sulfur and sodium, the chemical composition of its volcanic products would probably be unlike that of the shergottites. Moreover, any fragments dislodged from Io by interbody impact would be unlikely to escape the gravitational pull of Jupiter.
The only other logical source of shergottites is Mars. Space-probe photographs indicate the existence of giant volcanoes on the Martian surface. From the small number of impact craters that appear on Martian lava flows, one can estimate that the planet was volcanically active as recently as a half-billion years ago—and may be active today. The great objection to the Martian origin of shergottites is the absence of lunar meteorites on Earth. An impact capable of ejecting a fragment of the Martian surface into an Earth-intersecting orbit is even less probable than such an event on the Moon, in view of (in view of: adv.考虑到, 由于) the Moon’s smaller size and closer proximity to Earth. A recent study suggests, however, that permafrost ices below the surface of Mars may have altered the effects of impact on it. If the ices had been rapidly vaporized by an impacting object, the expanding gases might have helped the ejected fragments reach escape velocity (escape velocity: n.逃逸速度). Finally, analyses performed by space probes show a remarkable chemical similarity between Martian soil and the shergottites.
21. The passage implies which of the following about shergottites?
I. They are products of volcanic activity.
II. They derive from a planet larger than Earth.
III. They come from a planetary body with a chemical composition similar to that of Io.
(A) I only
(B) II only
(C) I and II only
(D) II and III only
(E) I, II, and III
22. According to the passage, a meteorite discovered on Earth is unlikely to have come from a large planet for which of the following reasons?
(A) There are fewer large planets in the solar system than there are asteroids.
(B) Most large planets have been volcanically inactive for more than a billion years.
(C) The gravitational pull of a large planet would probably prohibit fragments from escaping its orbit.
(D) There are no chondrites occurring naturally on Earth and probably none on other large planets.
(E) Interbody impact is much rarer on large than on small planets because of the density of the atmosphere on large planets.
23. The passage suggests that the age of shergottites is probably
(A) still entirely undetermined
(B) less than that of most other achondrites
(C) about 3.5 billion years
(D) the same as that of typical achondrites
(E) greater than that of the Earth
24. According to the passage, the presence of chondrules in a meteorite indicates that the meteorite
(A) has probably come from Mars
(B) is older than the solar system itself
(C) has not been melted since the solar system formed
(D) is certainly less than 4 billion years old
(E) is a small fragment of an asteroid
25. The passage provides information to answer which of the following questions?
(A) What is the precise age of the solar system?
(B) How did shergottites get their name?
(C) What are the chemical properties shared by shergottites and Martian soils?
(D) How volcanically active is the planet Jupiter?
(E) What is a major feature of the Martian surface?
26. It can be inferred from the passage that each of the following is a consideration in determining whether a particular planet is a possible source of shergottites that have been discovered on Earth EXCEPT the
(A) planet’s size
(B) planet’s distance from Earth
(C) strength of the planet’s field of gravity
(D) proximity of the planet to its moons
(E) chemical composition of the planet’s surface
27. It can be inferred from the passage that most meteorites found on Earth contain which of the following?
(A) Crystals
(B) Chondrules
(C) Metals
(D) Sodium
(E) Sulfur
答案：17-27：BEABACBCEDB
