以下是小编为大家整理的GRE阅读提升答题正确率先找文章观点（共含10篇），仅供参考，欢迎大家阅读。同时，但愿您也能像本文投稿人“Yuri”一样，积极向本站投稿分享好文章。
GRE阅读提升答题正确率先找文章观点 RC实用解题思路讲解
GRE阅读看文章的核心思路是什么?
很多同学面对GRE阅读，都存在一个比较严重的认识误区，那就是想要把文章整篇读完或者说彻底搞懂再做题目。这种思路或者说习惯很可能是大家在之前经历过的无数中英文类语文考试阅读题型时养成的，面对GRE阅读也就下意识地沿用了。但实际上这种阅读思维模式并不适用于GRE考试，原因很简单，因为GRE阅读按照考试给出的时间，本来就不是为了让大多数考生读完全文以后按部就班解题所准备的。也许少数读文章速度很快一目十行的考生能够有余裕在详细读完全文后再做题，但大部分同学其实并不具备这样的高速阅读技巧和对文章的快速理解能力。所以先读完文章的思路，本质上就不适用于GRE阅读。
那么GRE阅读的核心思路是什么呢?在小编看来，放弃读完全文的想法，面对GRE阅读始终追求先找观点主旨才是最合理的应试思路。简单来说，就是在读阅读文章时，目标始终放在找观点主旨上，从首段中寻找整篇文章的主旨观点，然后再在各个段落中找出这一段的中心句分论点，并通过阅读结尾段来确认自己找出的观点主旨是否正确。这样读完文章之后就开始做题，之后有涉及到特定段落内容的题目再返回原文去找答案。这种应对GRE阅读的解题思路，才是高效而符合考试时间要求的。
看文章先找观点对于GRE阅读有哪些好处?
那么，这种不仔细看全文还是直接找主旨观点的阅读方式，对于GRE考试的阅读解题有哪些帮助呢?
1. 节省考试时间有效提升速度
首先，这种做法最直观的优势就体现在其解题效率的提升上，这种阅读方式能够大幅度提升大家的阅读速度，原本看一篇长篇文章可能需要3分钟，用这种方式1-2分钟就能解决，这多出来的时间就可以用在更好地解答题目甚至留给其他题目上了。当然，这种直接找观点主旨的阅读方式需要一定练习才能发挥其效果。但如果大家能够充分掌握，那么其提升阅读速度的效果还是很明显的。
2. 更高效准确地应对特定题型
其次，直接找文章观点的阅读方式，对于GRE阅读中的一些特定题型也会起到很好的应对效果。GRE阅读虽然题型多样化，但比如主旨题和态度题这两类题型，其出现频率还是相当高的，至少每场考试中都会出现足够数量的这两种题型，篇幅越长的文章里包含这些题型的概率也越高。而直接找观点的阅读方式，恰好就能满足解答这两种题目的需求，主旨题问的就是观点，而态度题，大家也往往可以从体现观点的句子本身及其上下文中找到对应的线索，是支持还是反对都一目了然。因此，这种阅读方式能够帮助考生更好地解答这两类题型。
3. 提升对文章的整体理解效率
再次，直接找观点的阅读方法，就好比是写作文列提纲，如果考生快速找准了一篇文章的提纲框架，那么就等于把握住了整篇文章的脉络结构，对文章的整体理解也会有所提升，比起仔细读完整篇文章后才搞清楚文章到底在讲什么，这种做法显然效率更高。而一旦搞懂了文章整体框架，之后无论面对怎样的题目，大家对题目涉及内容到底在文章哪个位置，都会有更加清晰明确的认识，定位返回的速度也能得到有效提升。
4. 快速判断文章难度采取策略
最后，虽然很不愿承认，但GRE阅读中的确是有些文章难度要高于大家阅读水平的，也会有文章因为考生知识面和阅读积累的不同，而被不同考生看成是生僻冷门看不太懂的文章。面对这些难度较高的文章，考生可能还是会需要用到一些直接猜题放弃的壮士断腕的策略。而直接找观点的阅读方式，也能够更快速地帮助大家判断出一篇阅读的文章难度，让考生及时选择合适的应对策略来止损，避免无谓地投入更多时间却无法得到相应的得分回报。
综上所述，GRE阅读中考生需要练习和掌握的阅读及解题技巧有很多，而这种读文章直接找主旨观点的方式，小编也希望大家能够有所了解，并在结合自身阅读水平的基础上合理运用，提升GRE阅读的解题效率和考试得分。
GRE阅读长难句中译英练习
86. I have discovered, as perhaps Kelsey will after her much-publicized resignation from the editorship of She after a build-up of stress, that abandoning the doctrine of “juggling your life”, and making the alternative move into “downshifting brings with it far greater rewards than financial success and social status.
87. While in America the trend started as a reaction to the economic decline-after the mass redundancies caused by downsizing in the late ' 80s-and is still linked to the politics of thrift, in Britain, at least among the middle-class down shifters of my acquaintance, we have different reasons for seeking to simplify our lives.
88. For the women of my generation who were urged to keep juggling through the' 80s, down-shifting in the mid' 90s is not so much a search for the mythical good lift-growing your own organic vegetables, and risking turning into one-as a personal recognition of your limitations.
89. If you are part of the group which you are addressing, you will be in a position to know the experiences and problems which are common to all of you and it' 11 be appropriate for you to make a passing remark about the inedible canteen food or the chairman' s notorious bad taste in ties.
90. There are already robot systems that can perform some kinds of brain and bone surgery with submillimeter accuracy far greater precision than highly skilled physicians can achieve with their handsaone.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
86.[参考译文]或许正像凯尔西在不堪积劳重负而公开地辞去她在《她》杂志社的编辑一职之后一样，我已经发现，放弃那种”为生活忙碌“的人生信条并转而追求比较悠闲的生活带给你的回报远远大于经济成功和社会地位。
87.[参考译文]在美国，这一返朴趋势是以经济衰落的反应为开始的--那是在80年代末期裁员而引起大量的失业之后一一现在依然与提倡节俭的政纲相关;而在英国，最起码在我所熟识的中产阶级返朴归隐者中，追求简约;生活的原因就多种多样了。
88.[参考译文]对于我这一代曾在整个80年代为生活奔波的女人来说，90年代中期出现的归隐恬退与其说是我们寻求一种神话般的美好生活--用有机肥种;植蔬菜，并且自己放弃一切的风险--不如说是我们清醒地认识到自身;能力是有限的这一事实。
89.[参考译文]如果你是你讲话对象中的一员，那么你就身处一种(有利)位置宋了解对你们来说都很普遍的经历和问题，而且你对餐厅中难以下咽的食物或老总臭名昭彰的领带品位进行随意评判也是合适的。
90.[参考译文]现在已有一些机器人系统能够进行精确到毫米以下的脑部和骨骼手术这要比极具技巧的医生单单用手精确得多。
GRE阅读练习每日一篇
The evolution of intelligence among early large mammals of the grasslands was due in great measure to the interaction between two ecologically synchronized groups of these animals, the hunting carnivores and the herbivores that they hunted. The interaction resulting from the differences between predator and prey led to a general improvement in brain functions; however, certain components of intelligence were improved far more than others.
The kind of intelligence favored by the interplay of increasingly smarter catchers and increasingly keener escapers is defined by attention—that aspect of mind carrying consciousness forward from one moment to the next. It ranges from a passive, free-floating awareness to a highly focused, active fixation. The range through these states is mediated by the arousal system, a network of tracts converging from sensory systems to integrating centers in the brain stem. From the more relaxed to the more vigorous levels, sensitivity to novelty is increased. The organism is more awake, more vigilant; this increased vigilance results in the apprehension of ever more subtle signals as the organism becomes more sensitive to its surroundings. The processes of arousal and concentration give attention its direction. Arousal is at first general, with a flooding of impulses in the brain stem; then gradually the activation is channeled. Thus begins concentration, the holding of consistent images. One meaning of intelligence is the way in which these images and other alertly searched information are used in the context of previous experience. Consciousness links past attention to the present and permits the integration of details with perceived ends and purposes.
The elements of intelligence and consciousness come together marvelously to produce different styles in predator and prey. Herbivores and carnivores develop different kinds of attention related to escaping or chasing. Although in both kinds of animal, arousal stimulates the production of adrenaline and norepinephrine by the adrenal glands, the effect in herbivores is primarily fear, whereas in carnivores the effect is primarily aggression. For both, arousal attunes the animal to what is ahead. Perhaps it does not experience forethought as we know it, but the animal does experience something like it. The predator is searchingly aggressive, innerdirected, tuned by the nervous system and the adrenal hormones, but aware in a sense closer to human consciousness than, say, a hungry lizard’s instinctive snap at a passing beetle. Using past events as a framework, the large mammal predator is working out a relationship between movement and food, sensitive to possibilities in cold trails and distant sounds—and yesterday’s unforgotten lessons. The herbivore prey is of a different mind. Its mood of wariness rather than searching and its attitude of general expectancy instead of anticipating are silk-thin veils of tranquility over an explosive endocrine system.
17. The author is primarily concerned with
(A) disproving the view that herbivores are less intelligent than carnivores
(B) describing a relationship between animals’ intelligence and their ecological roles
(C) establishing a direct link between early large mammals and their modern counterparts
(D) analyzing the ecological basis for the dominance of some carnivores over other carnivores
(E) demonstrating the importance of hormones in mental activity
18. The author refers to a hungry lizard (line 55) primarily in order to
(A) demonstrate the similarity between the hunting methods of mammals and those of nonmammals
(B) broaden the application of his argument by including an insectivore as an example
(C) make a distinction between higher and lower levels of consciousness
(D) provide an additional illustration of the brutality characteristic of predators
(E) offer an objection to suggestions that all animals lack consciousness
19. It can be inferred from the passage that in animals less intelligent than the mammals discussed in the passage
(A) past experience is less helpful in ensuring survival
(B) attention is more highly focused
(C) muscular coordination is less highly developed
(D) there is less need for competition among species
(E) environment is more important in establishing the proper ratio of prey to predator
20. The sensitivity described in lines 56-61 is most clearly an example of
(A) “free-floating awareness” (lines 16-17)
(B) “flooding of impulses in the brain stem” (lines 29-30)
(C) “the holding of consistent images” (lines 31-32)
(D) “integration of details with perceived ends and purposes” (lines 37-38)
(E) “silk-thin veils of tranquility” (line 64)
21. The author’s attitude toward the mammals discussed in the passage is best described as
(A) superior and condescending
(B) lighthearted and jocular
(C) apologetic and conciliatory
(D) wistful and tender
(E) respectful and admiring
22. The author provides information that would answer which of the following questions?
I. Why is an aroused herbivore usually fearful?
II. What are some of the degrees of attention in large mammals?
III. What occurs when the stimulus that causes arousal of a mammal is removed?
(A) I only
(B) III only
(C) I and II only
(D) II and III only
(E) I, II and III
23. According to the passage, improvement in brain function among early large mammals resulted primarily from which of the following?
(A) Interplay of predator and prey
(B) Persistence of free-floating awareness in animals of the grasslands
(C) Gradual dominance of warm-blooded mammals over cold-blooded reptiles
(D) Interaction of early large mammals with less intelligent species
(E) Improvement of the capacity for memory among herbivores and carnivores
24. According to the passage, as the process of arousal in an organism continues, all of the following may occur EXCEPT:
(A) the production of adrenaline
(B) the production of norepinephrine
(C) a heightening of sensitivity to stimuli
(D) an increase in selectivity with respect to stimuli
(E) an expansion of the range of states mediated by the brain stem
Tocqueville, apparently, was wrong. Jacksonian America was not a fluid, egalitarian society where individual wealth and poverty were ephemeral conditions. At least so argues E. Pessen in his iconoclastic study of the very rich in the United States between 1825 and 1850.
Pessen does present a quantity of (a quantity of: 一些) examples, together with some refreshingly intelligible statistics, to establish the existence of an inordinately wealthy class. Though active in commerce or the professions, most of the wealthy were not self-made, but had inherited family fortunes. In no sense mercurial, these great fortunes survived the financial panics that destroyed lesser ones. Indeed, in several cities the wealthiest one percent constantly increased its share until by 1850 it owned half of the community’s wealth. Although these observations are true, Pessen overestimates their importance by concluding from them that the undoubted progress toward inequality in the late eighteenth century continued in the Jacksonian period and that the United States was a class-ridden, plutocratic society even before industrialization.
25. According to the passage, Pessen indicates that all of the following were true of the very wealthy in the United States between 1825 and 1850 EXCEPT:
(A) They formed a distinct upper class.
(B) Many of them were able to increase their holdings.
(C) Some of them worked as professionals or in business.
(D) Most of them accumulated their own fortunes.
(E) Many of them retained their wealth in spite of financial upheavals.
26. The author’s attitude toward Pessen’s presentation of statistics can be best described as
(A) disapproving
(B) shocked
(C) suspicious
(D) amused
(E) laudatory
27. Which of the following best states the author’s main point?
(A) Pessen’s study has overturned the previously established view of the social and economic structure of early nineteenth-century America.
(B) Tocqueville’s analysis of the United States in the Jacksonian era remains the definitive account of this period.
(C) Pessen’s study is valuable primarily because it shows the continuity of the social system in the United States throughout the nineteenth century.
(D) The social patterns and political power of the extremely wealthy in the United States between 1825 and 1850 are well documented.
(E) Pessen challenges a view of the social and economic system in the United States from 1825 to 1850, but he draws conclusions that are incorrect.
答案：17-27：BCADECAEDEE
GRE阅读提升答题正确率先找文章观点
GRE阅读看文章的核心思路是什么?
很多同学面对GRE阅读，都存在一个比较严重的认识误区，那就是想要把文章整篇读完或者说彻底搞懂再做题目。这种思路或者说习惯很可能是大家在之前经历过的无数中英文类语文考试阅读题型时养成的，面对GRE阅读也就下意识地沿用了。但实际上这种阅读思维模式并不适用于GRE考试，原因很简单，因为GRE阅读按照考试给出的时间，本来就不是为了让大多数考生读完全文以后按部就班解题所准备的。也许少数读文章速度很快一目十行的考生能够有余裕在详细读完全文后再做题，但大部分同学其实并不具备这样的高速阅读技巧和对文章的快速理解能力。所以先读完文章的思路，本质上就不适用于GRE阅读。
那么GRE阅读的核心思路是什么呢?在小编看来，放弃读完全文的想法，面对GRE阅读始终追求先找观点主旨才是最合理的应试思路。简单来说，就是在读阅读文章时，目标始终放在找观点主旨上，从首段中寻找整篇文章的主旨观点，然后再在各个段落中找出这一段的中心句分论点，并通过阅读结尾段来确认自己找出的观点主旨是否正确。这样读完文章之后就开始做题，之后有涉及到特定段落内容的题目再返回原文去找答案。这种应对GRE阅读的解题思路，才是高效而符合考试时间要求的。
看文章先找观点对于GRE阅读有哪些好处?
那么，这种不仔细看全文还是直接找主旨观点的阅读方式，对于GRE考试的阅读解题有哪些帮助呢?
1. 节省考试时间有效提升速度
首先，这种做法最直观的优势就体现在其解题效率的提升上，这种阅读方式能够大幅度提升大家的阅读速度，原本看一篇长篇文章可能需要3分钟，用这种方式1-2分钟就能解决，这多出来的时间就可以用在更好地解答题目甚至留给其他题目上了。当然，这种直接找观点主旨的阅读方式需要一定练习才能发挥其效果。但如果大家能够充分掌握，那么其提升阅读速度的效果还是很明显的。
2. 更高效准确地应对特定题型
其次，直接找文章观点的阅读方式，对于GRE阅读中的一些特定题型也会起到很好的应对效果。GRE阅读虽然题型多样化，但比如主旨题和态度题这两类题型，其出现频率还是相当高的，至少每场考试中都会出现足够数量的这两种题型，篇幅越长的文章里包含这些题型的概率也越高。而直接找观点的阅读方式，恰好就能满足解答这两种题目的需求，主旨题问的就是观点，而态度题，大家也往往可以从体现观点的句子本身及其上下文中找到对应的线索，是支持还是反对都一目了然。因此，这种阅读方式能够帮助考生更好地解答这两类题型。
3. 提升对文章的整体理解效率
再次，直接找观点的阅读方法，就好比是写作文列提纲，如果考生快速找准了一篇文章的提纲框架，那么就等于把握住了整篇文章的脉络结构，对文章的整体理解也会有所提升，比起仔细读完整篇文章后才搞清楚文章到底在讲什么，这种做法显然效率更高。而一旦搞懂了文章整体框架，之后无论面对怎样的题目，大家对题目涉及内容到底在文章哪个位置，都会有更加清晰明确的认识，定位返回的速度也能得到有效提升。
4. 快速判断文章难度采取策略
最后，虽然很不愿承认，但GRE阅读中的确是有些文章难度要高于大家阅读水平的，也会有文章因为考生知识面和阅读积累的不同，而被不同考生看成是生僻冷门看不太懂的文章。面对这些难度较高的文章，考生可能还是会需要用到一些直接猜题放弃的壮士断腕的策略。而直接找观点的阅读方式，也能够更快速地帮助大家判断出一篇阅读的文章难度，让考生及时选择合适的应对策略来止损，避免无谓地投入更多时间却无法得到相应的得分回报。
综上所述，GRE阅读中考生需要练习和掌握的阅读及解题技巧有很多，而这种读文章直接找主旨观点的方式，小编也希望大家能够有所了解，并在结合自身阅读水平的基础上合理运用，提升GRE阅读的解题效率和考试得分。
GRE长难句练习及解析：伊斯兰
Islam, on the other hand, represented a radical breakaway from the Arab paganism that preceded it; Islamic law is the result of an examination, from a religious angle, of legal subject matter that was far from uniform, comprising as it did the various components of the laws of pre-Islamic Arabia and numerous legal elements taken over from the non-Arab peoples of the conquered territories.
Islam,/ on the other hand,/ represented a radical breakaway/ from the Arab paganism/ that preceded it;/ Islamic law/ is the result of/ an examination,/ from a religious angle,/ of legal subject matter/ that was/ far from uniform,/ comprising as it did/ the various components/ of the laws of pre-Islamic Arabia/ and numerous legal elements/ taken over from/ the non-Arab peoples/ of the conquered territories.
译文：伊斯兰，在另一方面，代表着与伊斯兰法以前的阿拉伯异教的决裂;伊斯兰法是一种从宗教的角度检查的结果，检查的对象是远远谈不上统一的法律主体事物;它包括了伊斯兰教出现以前的阿拉伯法律的种.种成分，并包含了很多被征服的非阿拉伯地区那里拿来的法律因素。
GRE阅读：长难句分析
Thus，for instance，it may come as a shock to mathematicians to learn that the Schrodinger equation for the hydrogen atom is not a literally correct description of this atom，but only an approximation to a somewhat more correct equation taking account of spin，magnetic dipole，and relativistic effects;and that this corrected equation is itself only an imperfect approximation to an infinite set of quantum field-theoretical equations. (5)
因此，举例来说，对数学家而言，了解到下述情形可能会令其惊愕不已，即薛定谔(Schrodinger)的氢原子方程式并非是对该原子作出的一种绝然正确的描述，而仅仅是个近似值，趋近于一个在某种程度上更为正确的将自旋、磁性偶极子、以及相对论效应考虑在内的方程式;而这个得以纠正的方程式就其本身而言也只是一个不完美的近似值，趋近于无穷无尽的一整套量子场论方程式。
难句类型：复杂修饰、插入语、省略
解释：读到此句时，数学家不见得震惊，晕倒的考生恐怕不在少数。不但句子结构复杂，而且罗列了大量的专有名词。对于不是理科的同学来讲，在阅读这篇文章的现场清楚地明白应该读到什么程度远比研究这些生僻的专有名词更重要。其实是否知道薛定鄂方程对读者来说并不见得重要，GRE考试的出题者也不见得知道它;关键是要读懂句子的主要意思;数学家不能理解不精确和近似值的伟大意义。不过在本书中，出现的句子均以阅读训练为目的，所以读者仍要把句子的结构读清楚。
主句中的主语it是一个开工主语，其具体的内容应该是从to learn开始一直到句子结束的长达八行的不定式，但是此不定式实在太长，如果放在句首则句子无法平衡。Learn后面带着两个以that引导的宾语从句，中间以分号和and分开，可以把分号以后的句子看成是and it may come as a shock to mathematicians to learn that的省略形式。
全面提升GRE阅读解题效率和正确率方法
GRE阅读不同题型提速策略详细讲解
1. 长篇阅读找关键词句做标记
一般来说，GRE语文每个部分的20道题中，都会有10道固定为阅读题，而其中长篇阅读只占一篇。虽然数量不多，但光是这一篇阅读，就往往在450字左右，篇幅相当惊人。一篇长篇阅读，固定会附带4道题目。由于GRE所有题目分数相同，因此这4道题目，可以说是整个阅读乃至语文部分性价比最低的。有鉴于此，应对GRE长篇阅读的方法就比较简单了，那就是放到最后再做。之所以这么做，完全是因为同等时间内，大家完全可以把其他耗时更少，更容易做完的题目先搞定，最后集中精力再来对付长篇阅读。毕竟这么长一篇文章，读完已经会有头昏脑涨的感觉，如果直接做完，那之后的思路肯定会受到影响，不利于从整体上提分。
而应对长篇阅读的提速心得也很简单，那就是找关键句做标记。大家没有必要把整篇文章精读，第一遍阅读只要知道全文大意和每个段落的意思就可以了。对于一些细节内容，可以先做好标记，等到解题需要用到时再返回定位，如此可以大幅度节省下阅读的时间用以解题。
2. 逻辑阅读练熟出题思路应对技巧
除了最让人头疼的长篇阅读外，GRE阅读中还有一种比较烧脑的阅读题型，那就是逻辑阅读。虽然逻辑阅读文章一般篇幅较短，但题目难度却往往不低。如果考生的逻辑思维能力不足，面对这类题目往往会觉得比长篇阅读还要困难。因此，应对逻辑阅读的策略就是跟着难度走。看完文章如果马上就能理清逻辑思路找到解题方法，那就直接做完。如果觉得有点绕，一时半会儿想不清楚，同样先跳过留到之后再完成。这样可以避免大家过度消耗脑力，能以思路比较清醒的状态优先做完其他题目。
想要在逻辑阅读部分提速，考生必须提前在备考过程中加强逻辑思维推理判断能力的训练，把各种逻辑常见的出题方式和思维模式提前练熟，对于各种加强削弱无关等题型做到一看就知道怎么解。
3. 短篇阅读先看文章再看选项避免重读
短篇阅读是GRE阅读中对考生最友善的题型。不仅文章篇幅段，而且难度一般也不高，虽然偶尔会有难题，但大部分题目大家一遍读完就能顺手解决。因此想要拿到高分，大家只要仔细一点看清问题就能比较稳妥的拿到分数了。而想要保证准确率，考生可以尝试在读完文章和问题后先不看选项，自己根据理解想一个大概的答案，然后再和选项匹配结果，既能避免干扰，又能提高解题速度。有些同学在做短篇阅读时因为觉得比较简单看得也很粗心，看完以后没看明白还要重读一遍甚至几遍文章，这种情况是大家都需要避免的。
GRE阅读考场提速策略价值分析
考生也许会问，为什么要推荐大家使用上面的这些提速策略呢?其实这样做主要有两个好处。大家首先要明确的一点是，GRE是看总分的考试，因此从整体上尽可能多地保证的得分才是考试的核心思路。因此提升得分效率始终是第一要务。比起450字4道题来说，显然50字1题的效率更高，更不用说只有一两行字的GRE填空题。所以，只有把最花时间的长篇阅读放到最后，才能优先确保其他题目的必得分数。
同时，由于时间压力和题目难度等造成的影响，大部分考生的解题思维状态肯定是越来越差的，能够越做题越兴奋的考生毕竟是少数。而GRE长篇阅读和逻辑阅读，又是最消耗脑力的题目，如果按照正常顺序做完，之后的题目怎么办?思路都不清晰了，原本能够做对的题目可能都会做错。因此，保持头脑更为清醒的状态完成大部分题目，才是正确的选择。
综上所述,考生提升GRE阅读不仅需要熟练的阅读技巧，也需要根据不同题型使用正确的解题策略才能真正实现提速提分的目标，希望上文内容能给大家提供一些参考帮助。
GRE阅读的解题思路
一、判断标志：
(a)首句提出过去、传统、大家都接受的观点，这些观点是旧观点
首句有表示“时间”概念的词或动词的完成时态：often，common claim，usually，traditionally， longmaintained， until，recently，it is frequently assumed，the dominant view，the common belief等。
观点的持有者在语法上表现出泛指的语法范畴：some historians，child psycholists，some recent historians。
(b)二句或二段首句出现表示转折或让步的词汇，如however，but，yet，nevertheless，unfortunately等
Top Sentence：新观点给出之处
对旧观点取非即得到新观点(取非后可能有多种结果，新观点是同一事物的不同解释)
解题思路：强对比， 互取非(加减“not”)，注意必须是对同一事物的两种不同解释
关注的重点：强对比取非;批判纠正型，经常出现的词有：correct，counter gains，criticize，refute
新旧观点题型：
(1)判断标志：首句有表示时间的词
(2)对旧观点取非得到新观点
(3)新观点永远是主题句， 不管作者态度如何
(4)旧观点负评价， 新观点正评价(例外很少P206L)
二、现象解释型：
判断标志：首句或首段给出一种自然或社会现象， 通常很古怪， 二句或二段首句有表示“解释”的词汇
Top Sentence ：正评价，解释出现之处
【说明】：1.可能有多种解释，TS是作者给予正评价的解释，多放在后面;
2.多是文章节选，可以没有正确观点，文章有言犹未尽的感觉
解释手段：(a)引用理论(b)实验验证(c)举例证明(d)分层说明[数字、强对比、递进] (e)强对比 (f)过程描述
态度的类型：a支持; b对所有理论都不支持;c无态度， 那就是客观公正的;
d 无明确态度， 但解决了问题的理论，可以认为作者持正面态度
三、结论解释型：
判断标志：首句是判断句，且第二句，第二段首句不能对这个判断作出转折。
判断句：“系动词+表语”结构[be，remain，suggest….];含作者评价或态度的句子;包括首句是强调句的情况(It is ... that...)
Top Sentence：首句，文章开端的结论处
小文章， 若首句是判断句，且后面未作转折，则首句是TS。基本上每段首句是该段TS。
写作方法：(a)首句正/负评价，后面的相反评价是结论 (b)有的时候文首会有一点背景
(c) 先叙述别人的观点， 最后才是作者的评价(结论)
解释手段： a. 举例 b.讲原理 c. 类比和强对比 d.分类说明
focus：态度(+/-评价)，阐述角度
四、问题解决型：
判断标志：出现problem，task，puzzle，difficult等词汇;以设问句开头
解决手段：a：多种解决方案， 注意新老解决 b：原则和手段 c：试验证明 d：引用原理
TS：作者给予正评价的解决方案(多放在最后)
短文章--TS 长文章--多个解决方案， 区分态度(+/-)
TS特定位置
1. 大段叙述后出现转折，TS就要出现
2. 设问及其回答： 有问必答; 自问自答; 主题题型答案所在
3. 大段举例之前的观点和之后的总结往往是TS
4. 短文章首句为结论，第二句开始是唯一的一个例子时，则该结论为TS
5. TS从前不从后，从大不从小原则
如果前后出现不一样的重点、结论，应以前面的为主题，后面的为延伸(TS在1～2段的首句之间找)
从大不从小--文章开头或主题句的评价是大评价，让步、转折除外。
GRE阅读长句的特点解析
英语长句一般指的是各种复杂句，复杂句里可能有多个从句，从句与从句之间的关系可能包孕、嵌套，也可能并列，平行。所以翻译长句，实际上我们的重点主要放在对各种从句的翻译上。从功能来说，英语有三大复合句，即：①名词性从句，包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句;②形容词性从句，即我们平常所说的定语从句;③状语从句。
一般说来，英语长句有如下几个特点：
1)结构复杂，逻辑层次多;
2)常须根据上下文作词义的引申;
3)常须根据上下文对指代词的指代关系做出判断;
4)并列成分多;
5)修饰语多，特别是后置定语很长;
6)习惯搭配和成语经常出现。
英语多长句，这是因为英语可以有后置定语。扩展的后置定语可以是带从句或长修饰语的复杂句。这些句子结构复杂，逻辑性强，但是，无论多长的句子、多么复杂的结构，它们都是由一些基本的成分组成的。只要弄清英语原文的句法结构，找出整个句子的中心内容及其各层意思，然后分析各层意思之间的逻辑关系。
GRE
做标记是指在读文章的时候用简单的符号记录所读重点内容，这应该和读文章同步进行，标记可以轻轻做在试卷边缘，也可以另外写在草稿纸上。所标记的主要目的是为了读完选项之后能快速、准确的定位，这个步骤要求读者熟悉常考考点，对应做标记的内容烂熟于胸，这样才能不费时间的给自己下一步的定位作准标记。
新GRE阅读考试提高答题效率方法：读题干、选项
读题干的过程也是个找题干特征的过程，看看题干所述和自己所做标记的内容有没有联系，如果有，则可以直接定位，故定位最主要的基础是题干与标记之间的联系。有时候题干可能没有可以捕捉的特征，这时读者不妨从选项下手，选项中也时常会有明显的特征反映出它与原文中的重点内容之间的相关性。
定位指的是确定考题针对原文中什么位置的内容发问，通常通过题干和选项的特征词来找，判断了原文所述的位置之后，就可以找原文和答案之间的对应关系了，绝大多数题目都可以通过找题干和选项的特征词准确的定位到原文某处。
新GRE阅读考试提高答题效率方法：(排除干扰选项后)按照文字对应原则选答案
GRE考试的备选答案都是五个，通常很少有考题能让读者非常直接的判断出正确答案，总有1-2个迷惑性比较大的选项，所以，考生不妨先竖读各选相，排除一些明显错误的选项，然后再对剩下的进行细致的比较，通过原文和选项之间的文字对应关系，进行选择。
比较典型的排除干扰选项的方法有：
1. 用最高级、唯一性、比较级来排除;
2. 用同性元素来排除;
3. 用错误选项的典型特征排除。
以上就是为大家整理的新GRE阅读考试提高答题效率的一些方法，只有掌握正确的新GRE阅读方法，才能快速的提高GRE考试的阅读效率，大家可以按照文中所述的内容进行解题，希望能够对各位考生有所帮助。
GRE阅读文章如何复习
宏观中的“必读”与“不读”
所谓宏观，即使明确文章结构。再清楚一点说，即使我们要知道主题句的所在位置以及每段大意。
让我们今天来了解一下什么是主题句，的阅读文章中主题句通常会以什么形式出现。和中国考生自己写作文不一样的是，美国人的阅读文章中从来都不出现”I think that, in my opinion, as far as I am considered“此类语言做主题句。通常来说美国人的主题句有两种形式：
主题句两种形式：
1. 判断句(含情态动词，系动词，正负褒贬词的句子);
2. 概括文章将来结构。
比如一个句子：Your minds changed my attitude. 这句话中并没有情态动词和系动词，因此这句话自然不是判断句，也就不是主题句。但只要在这句话中加入一个正负褒贬词，即一个词表明作者的态度或观点的词即是判断句了。
比如，Your minds successfully changed my attitude即是判断句了。另外，如果一个句子不是判断句，只要它能够概括文章将来结构，及文章后面会从哪几个方面来说明，也是主题句。
比如，People are living longer now. 这句话一定不是主题句，而如果这句话是，People are living longer now since the improvement of food condition and the development of medical technoly.这句话即是主题句了。因为它概括了文章后面会从哪几个方向来进行说明。
掌握好了主题句判断方法，很多文章学生便可以很快把握文章的结构框架，帮助后面文章的理解。比如一篇文章的开头是，Mycorrhizal fungi infect more plants than do any other fungi and are necessary for many plants to thrive, but they have escaped widespread investigation until recently for two reasons. First, the symbiotic association is so well-balanced that the roots of host plants show no damage even when densely infected. Second, the fungi cannot as yet be cultivated in the absence of a living root. 第一句是明显的判断句，即为主题句。
而主题句也同时概括了文章的将来结构，即会从“M真菌影响力很强”和“M真菌过去由于两个原因没有得到广泛研究”。
下面马上看到了first和second，我们即知道这两个很难读懂的句子无非是两个原因使得M真菌没有得到广泛研究而已，具体是哪两个原因，我们几乎可以忽略不读。
微观中的“必读”与“不读”
所谓微观，即使明确句子结构。再清楚一点说，即使我们要知道句子主干大意及和上下文的关系。
说到可以不读的内容，很多同学都会想到插入语可以不用读。可什么是插入语呢?两个逗号之间的内容一定是插入语吗?今天，让我们重点来了解一下插入语。首先，我们知道并不是两个逗号之间的内容一定是插入语，很多同学会被传统的老师所误导，误认为判断插入语只要看是不是逗号间内容在解释逗号前内容即可，可是如果插入语不读的话，你有时如何知道这是对逗号前内容的解释呢?其实，插入语有两种形式：
插入语两种形式：
1. 对主语说明
________,which / who / n. / prep. / -ing / -ed……,________.
2. 对主语举例
________,such as / especially……,________.
因此，我们只要看到第一个逗号之后紧跟着which / who / 介词 / 动名词 / 动词的过去分词 / such as / especially 的情况或两个逗号间仅有纯粹的名词时，那这从第一个逗号开始到后面最临近的标点符号(逗号或句号)间内容一定是插入语，往往可忽略不读。而我们唯一重点需要读的只有句子的“主、谓、宾。”
准备复习时的“读”与“不读”
很多同学都会痛苦，复习阅读进步不大，甚至有的时候反而比开始时错的还多。我认为，这主要是学生的复习方法不得当导致的。很多同学在复习准备阅读时，通常会一天一篇文章的做题，这不仅不能帮助你归纳掌握GRE阅读技巧，相反是在浪费时间。
最好的复习阅读的方式是开始并不直接读文章做题，在已经掌握了一定量的单词，并强化训练了长难句的基础后，保证集中突破强化复习。即，每天精读6-8篇文章，大概持续2周左右。所谓精读即清楚了解文章中微观的每一句话的意思及在全文中作用，以及完全明白每一个选项。这样有助于帮助学生总结归纳文章和出题规律。
GRE考试阅读选项的规律
1. 正确选项：
(1)同义变换 。即将原文中的某一句话用另一种说法表达，也就是英文中的paraphrase。如将文章中的”many wind-pollinated species fail to release pollen when wind speeds are low or when humid conditions prevail.”换成选项中的“Pollen is sometimes not released by plants when there is little wind“。
其中包括三种类型：变换同义词，变换句型，变化同根词的词性。以下分别论述，请注意表格中的斜体字。
2.错误选项：
对于GRE阅读文章中更大量的错误选项，也形成了一套固定的规则。以下笔者就用实例来说明错误选项编制的规则：
(1)混偏反无。
1)混: 此类选项的错误可以形象地概括为：“张冠李戴”。 如下例：
文章：”...unlike large businesses, they often need to make substantial investments in new plants, staff, equipment, and the like in order to perform work subcontracted to them. If, thereafter, their subcontracts are for some reason reduced, such firms can face potentially crippling fixed expenses“
题目：The passage suggests that the failure of a large business to have its bids for subcontracts result quickly in orders might cause it to
(A) experience frustration but not serious financial harm
(B) face potentially crippling fixed expenses (本题问大公司如果没有使投标转化为订单将引起什么结果。而这恰恰是小公司的特点。)
(C) have to record its efforts on forms filed with the government
(D) increase its spending with minority subcontractors
(E) revise its procedure for making bids for federal contracts and subcontracts
2)偏： 意即选项中所包含的逻辑范畴与原文不符。包括”以偏概全“ 以及”以全概偏”。请看下文：
Paule Marshall’s Brown Girl, Brownstones (1959) was a landmark in the depiction of female characters in Black American literature. Marshall avoided the oppressed and tragic heroine in conflict with White society that had been typical of the protest novels of the early twentieth century. Like her immediate predecessors, Zora Neale Hurston and Gwendolyn Brooks, she focused her novel on an ordinary Black woman’s search for identity within the context of a Black community. But Marshall extended the analysis of Black female characters begun by Hurston and Brooks by depicting her heroine’s development in terms of the relationship between her Barbadian American parents, and by exploring how male and female roles were defined by their immigrant culture, which in turn was influenced by the materialism of White America. By placing characters within a wider cultural context, Marshall attacked racial and sexual stereotypes and paved the way for explorations of race, class, and gender in the novels of the 1970’s.
题目：The passage is primarily concerned with
(A) comparing the works of three Black American authors
(B) describing common themes in Black American literature
(C) discussing an important work in Black American literature
(D) providing insights about Black American literature in the early twentieth century
(E) providing historical information about the writing of Black American novels in the second half the twentieth century
分析：此文描述并评价了美国黑人文学史上一部优秀的著作。而其中的D，E选项中的“Black American literature”以及“the writing of Black American novels”无疑扩大了原文的逻辑涵盖的范围，即属于“以全概偏”。于是不予选择。
3)反： 即选项中的内容与文章内容相反。
文章：“....Paule Marshall’s Brown Girl, Brownstones (1959) was a landmark in the depiction of female characters in Black American literature. Marshall avoided the oppressed and tragic heroine in conflict with White society that had been typical of the protest novels of the early twentieth century. Like her immediate predecessors, Zora Neale Hurston and Gwendolyn Brooks, she focused her novel on an ordinary Black woman’s search for identity within the context of a black community......”
题目：
According to the passage, Hurston, Brooks, and Marshall are alike in that they
(A) did not examine the effects of White culture on their characters’ lives
(B) were heavily influenced by the protest novels of the early twentieth century
(C) used Black communities as the settings for their novels
(D) wrote primarily about the difficulties their characters encountered in White culture
(E) wrote exclusively about female characters and the experiences of women
分析：从文章中得知：“马歇尔已经摆脱了抗议小说所一贯描绘的受压迫并且带有悲剧色彩的女主人公形象”。但是B选项却说道：“马歇尔深深地受到二十世纪早期抗议小说的影响”，明显与原文意思相反。
再如：
It can be inferred that the author of the passage would describe Brown Girl, Brownstones as being
(A) completely different from novels written before 1959
(B) highly influenced by novels written in the early twentieth century
(C) similar to the protest novels that preceded it
(D) important in the late 1950’s but dated today
(E) an important influence on novels written in the 1970’s
分析：C选项“与之前的抗议小说类似” 与原文意思相反。而B选项的“深受二十世纪早期小说的影响”从文章无法推测出。
4)无：即 提到文章中未涉及的内容。由于此种选项编制容易，并且一厢情愿地认为此种迷惑手段非常高明。因此，此类错误选项在GRE阅读的错误选项中数量众多。请各位考生紧记：凡基于文章内容无法推测出的选项必然错误。
还是上文：
题目：
According to the passage, Hurston, Brooks, and Marshall are alike in that they
(A) did not examine the effects of White culture on their characters’ lives
(B) were heavily influenced by the protest novels of the early twentieth century
(C) used Black communities as the settings for their novels
(D) wrote primarily about the difficulties their characters encountered in White culture
(E) wrote exclusively about female characters and the experiences of women
分析：从文章中得知：“马歇尔与另外两位的的共同点在于他们都把小说聚焦于一位普通的黑人女性对自己身份的追求，当然故事是以一个黑人社会为背景”。其中的A选项“未研究百人文化对角色生活所带来的影响”文章从未涉及。
再如：
It can be inferred that the author of the passage would describe Brown Girl, Brownstones as being
(A) completely different from novels written before 1959
(B) highly influenced by novels written in the early twentieth century
(C) similar to the protest novels that preceded it
(D) important in the late 1950’s but dated today
(E) an important influence on novels written in the 1970’s
分析：D选项“二十世纪50年代末期重要，但是今天过时了”文章从未涉及。
(3) 含有强调性语言(最高级、唯一性和比较级)的选项
会随意地在选项中加入一些极端语言来编制错误选项。集中表现为含有最高级，唯一性以及比较级的词汇。换句话说，含有这三类词汇的选项错误的几率很高。具体说：
1)最高级词汇：best , the most important, the least useful, uttermost, foremost, uppermost, always ,never, often, usually，primarily，primary，exact(ly)，complete(ly) . entire(ly) absolute(ly) extremely, unmitigated . unrestrained . unchecked. first等
2)唯一性词汇：only, alone, exclusively, sole(ly), unique(ly)
3)比较级词汇：more useful than, less beneficial than, better , worse than ，as ..as, the same with, similar to 等等。
还是以上两例：
According to the passage, Hurston, Brooks, and Marshall are alike in that they
(A) did not examine the effects of White culture on their characters’ lives
(B) were heavily influenced by the protest novels of the early twentieth century
(C) used Black communities as the settings for their novels
(D) wrote primarily about the difficulties their characters encountered in White culture
(E) wrote exclusively about female characters and the experiences of women
分析：此处的D选项和E选项中的“primarily”以及“exclusively”都属于比较极端的词汇。
It can be inferred that the author of the passage would describe Brown Girl, Brownstones as being
(A) completely different from novels written before 1959
(B) highly influenced by novels written in the early twentieth century
(C) similar to the protest novels that preceded it
(D) important in the late 1950’s but dated today
(E) an important influence on novels written in the 1970’s
分析：此处的A选项中的“completely” 也属于比较极端的词汇。
(4) 违反“论据集中”原则：
即此类选项试图使用非定位处的信息回答问题。此类选项极具迷惑性，因为这些错误的选项在文章中确实被提及过，可是由于与问题回答无关因此不予选择。
请看下例：
“No very satisfactory account of the mechanism that caused the formation of the ocean basins has yet been given. The traditional view supposes that the upper mantle of the earth behaves as a liquid when it is subjected to small forces for long periods and that differences in temperature under oceans and continents are sufficient to produce convection in the mantle of the earth with rising convection currents under the(E) mid-ocean ridges and sinking currents under the continents. Theoretically, this convection would carry the continental plates along as though they were on a conveyor belt and would provide the forces needed to produce the split that occurs along the ridge. This view may be correct: it has the advantage that the currents are driven by(B) temperature differences that themselves depend on the position of the continents. Such a (D)back-coupling, in which the position of the moving plate has an impact on the forces that move it, could produce complicated and varying motions.
On the other hand, the theory is implausible because convection does not normally occur along lines, and it certainly does not occur along lines broken by frequent offs or changes in direction, as the ridge is. Also it is difficult to see how the theory applies to the plate between the (C)Mid-Atlantic Ridge and the ridge in the Indian Ocean. ”
【题】The author refers to a “conveyor belt” in order to
(A)illustrate the effects of convection in the mantle
(B)show how temperature differences depend on the positions of the continents
(C)demonstrate the linear nature of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge
(D)describe the complicated motions made possible by back coupling
(E)account for the rising currents under certain mid-ocean ridges
分析：此题为一道举例作用题。其定位为文章中加粗和划线的句子。但是这四个错误的选项都无一例外地通过利用其它的句子编制而成，即出题机构分别使用文章中标号为 A，B，C和D的内容编制出四个错误的选项。因此，不予选择。考生切忌因为文章别的地方曾经出现过类似的内容而犹豫不决。
英语阅读
GRE长篇阅读预测发布，以下是对GRE阅读中耗时多难度高的长阅读题型的文章和题目预测，看完就能提升阅读读文章的速度节省时间提升解题效率，高分不容错过!
GRE预测长篇阅读
In the early twentieth century, the idea that pianists should be musician-scholars whose playing reflected the way composers wanted their music to sound replaced the notion that pianists should be virtuosos whose performances thrilled audiences with emotional daring and showy displays of technique. One important figure to emerge in the period, though a harpsichordist rather than a pianist, was Wanda Landowska (1879–1959). She demonstrated how the keyboard works of Baroque composers such as Bach, Handel, Scarlatti, and Couperin probably sounded in their own times. It would be a mistake to consider Landowska a classicist, however. She had been born in an age of Romantic playing dominated by Liszt, Leschetizky, and their pupils. Thus she grew up with and was influenced by certain Romantic traditions of performance, whatever the stringency of her musical scholarship; Landowska knew how to hold audiences breathless, and when she gave recitals, they responded with deathlike silence and rapt attention.
Her playing was Romantic, but it was at least as close in spirit to the style of playing intended by composers of the Baroque (1600–1750) and Classical (1750–1830) eras, as have been the more exacting but less emotionally resonant interpretations of most harpsichordists since Landowska. She had a miraculous quality of touch, a seemingly autonomous left hand; no artist in her generation could clarify with such deftness the polyphonic writing of the Baroque masters. And none could make their music so spring to life.
Her achievements were the result of a lifetime of scholarship, truly remarkable physical gifts, and resilient rhythm, all combined with excellent judgment about when not to hold the printed note sacrosanct. Of course, developing such judgment demanded considerable experience and imagination. She was a genius at underlining the dramatic and emotional content of a piece, and to do so, she took liberties, all kinds of liberties, while nevertheless preserving the integrity of a composer’s score. In short, her entire musical approach was Romantic: intensely personal, full of light and shade, never pedantic.
Thanks to Landowska, Bach’s music (originally composed for the harpsichord) now sounded inappropriately thick when played on the piano. One by one, pianists stopped playing Bach’s music as adapted for the piano by Liszt or by Tausig. Then they gradually stopped performing any kind of Baroque music on the piano, even Scarlatti’s. The piano repertoire, it began to be felt, was extensive enough without reverting to transcriptions of Baroque music originally written for the harpsichord—and piano performances of Bach and Scarlatti were, despite the obvious similarities between the harpsichord and the piano, transcriptions, no matter how faithfully the original notes were played. In accordance with this kind of purism came an emphasis on studying composers’ manuscript notations, a relatively new field of musicology that is flourishing even today.
GRE预测长篇阅读题目及答案
1. The passage suggests that Landowska’s playing embodied a rejection of which of the following?
A. Emotionally resonant interpretations of musical works.
B. An audience’s complete silence during a performance.
C. Performances of previously obscure Baroque works.
D. The idea that a performer can correctly judge when not to hold the printed note sacrosanct.
E. Performances emphasizing showy displays of technique that compromise the integrity of a composer’s original score.
正确答案
E
题目解析
主旨直选法，细读第一句得出文章主旨：在这个时期，一种新idea代替了旧的notion。新的idea是文章主旨：pianists should be musician-scholars whose playing reflected the way composers wanted their music to sound(钢琴家应该是这么一种音乐家：其演奏反映的是作曲家希望他们的作品能够被听到的样子)。 深入理解：钢琴家应该作为一种重现作曲家意图的媒介。 然后说： One important figure to emerge in the period is L(本文主人公) 根据全文理解，L是这种新的idea的践行者。 那么题目：L的演奏反对什么? 由上述L支持的东西来推论：L支持演奏应该原原本本的表达作曲家的意图(the way composers wanted their music to sound)，那么L会反对： E：一种表演：重视技巧，而compromise(此处作危害，GRE常考)the integrity of the composer's original score.(original是关键)
2. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage about the compositions of Scarlatti?
A. They were adapted by Liszt and Tausig.
B. They have not been transcribed faithfully.
C. They were not composed during the Baroque period.
D. They were composed for instruments other than piano.
E. They fell out of favor with most musicians in the early twentieth century.
正确答案
D
题目解析
信息1： Then they gradually stopped performing any kind of Baroque music on the piano, even Scarlatti’s. 说明S的作品从属于Baroque music
信息2： Baroque music originally written for the harpsichord
说明Baroque music 开始不是写给piano的，因为是写给H的
推断： S属于B;B不是写给piano;那么S也不是写给piano，所以D选项正确
3. The author’s assertion that Landowska should not be considered a classicist serves primarily to emphasize which of the following?
A. Landowska specialized in playing the works of composers of the Baroque era.
B. Landowska’s repertoire included orchestral music only.
C. Landowska’s musical performances were not devoid of emotion.
D. Landowska’s repertoire emphasized works of long-lasting interest and value.
E. Landowska advocated the study of Classical style or form.
正确答案
C
题目解析
”Landowska knew how to hold audiences breathless, and when she gave recitals, they responded with deathlike silence and rapt attention. “就说明她的演奏是富有感情色彩的。然而 “by composers of the Baroque (1600–1750) and Classical (1750–1830) eras, as have been the more exacting but less emotionally resonant interpretations of most harpsichordists ” 说明classical表演没有感情。选项c的意思是L的表演不全没有感情，也就是带有感情，这个和classical的特点相悖，所以说明L不是classical的
GRE词汇精选之音乐类词汇1
solo (aria) 独唱;独奏
fantasia 幻想曲
duet 二重唱
capriccio 随想曲
trio 三重唱
concerto 协奏曲
quartet 四重唱
rhapsody 狂想曲
ensemble 大合唱
serenade 小夜曲
GRE词汇精选之音乐类词汇2
note 音符
sonata 奏鸣曲
scale 音阶
gamut 全音阶
symphony 交响乐
movement 乐章
lullaby 摇篮曲
score 乐谱
requiem 安魂弥撒
madrigal 情歌
reverie 梦幻曲
overture 序曲
coda 尾声
prelude 序曲
finale 尾声
piano 轻柔的
forte 强音的
crescendo 音乐渐强
decrescendo 音乐渐弱
diminuendo
soprano 女高音
tenor 男高音
burlesque 讽刺滑稽的戏剧
audition 试唱
cantata 清唱剧
rehearsal 排练
oratorio 清唱剧
debut 初次登台露面
提升看文章效率GRE阅读技巧
GRE阅读快速记忆能力价值分析
GRE考生之所以需要快速记忆能力，主要是因为其阅读部分。GRE阅读文章大多选自各类科学或者金融类杂志，篇幅较长，内容也比较深刻复杂，考生一遍看过往往难以留下足够的印象，之后解题如果还要返回再仔细看，往往会花费大量考试时间。众所周知GRE考试时间相当紧张，二次阅读可算是大忌。而如果考生能通过第一次阅读就把文章内容和结构大致记住，解题时就能更有针对性地找到问题涉及的文章内容，提升答题速度和正确率，而这种记忆能力，就是我们提到的快速记忆能力。
另外，快速记忆能力不止对阅读有用，对于一些题目较长的比如填空或者数学文字题来说也能起到很大作用。比如填空中的三空题，题目本身长度往往接近一篇短阅读，考生又需要同时兼顾三个空格中的选项保持整体意思的合理恰当，如果没有一定的记忆能力，填了这个空忘了前面或后面的一些关键要点，就很容易选错答案。数学中一些本身难度不高但文字表达特别复杂的WORD PROBLEM也是如此。总而言之，练好快速记忆能力，对于整场GRE考试的各类题型，都能起到一定的积极作用。
GRE阅读快速记忆能力训练方法介绍
那么，考生如何才能培养好GRE考试需要的快速记忆能力呢?下面小编就为大家介绍具体步骤。
GRE阅读快速记忆能力训练：通读训练(3.5分钟)
1. 用3.5分钟读完一篇文章。
2. 在文章每段结尾，一句话概括出该段主旨。
3. 读完全文后，浏览每段主旨，做好归纳总结。
4. 提炼并确定文章整体主旨。
上述步骤能帮助考生熟悉全文，加快解题速度。
GRE阅读快速记忆能力训练：整体记忆回顾检查(1.5分钟)
1. 把刚才看过的文章翻页，暂时不去看。
2. 在纸上写下刚才的每段主旨和文章整体主旨。
检查记忆的步骤是为了测试你实际记住了文章里的多少内容，这也真是GRE阅读理解考察的能力。如果你刚开始练习的时候什么都没记住也没关系，但这个阶段请不要直接去看文章。只要尽可能把你还记得的东西写下来即可。
GRE阅读快速记忆能力训练：强化细节记忆和标记能力(3.5分钟)
1. 现在可以把文章翻回来重新看了。
2. 如果题目涉及到具体细节，比如某段某行中有关于特定内容的描述说明等，就马上定位到文章当中的相关部分找寻答案。
3. 如果不是细节题，就直接答题。
4. 能够确定答案的情况下果断答题并继续做后面的题。
5. 不能确定答案的话再回到文章里找，但要求迅速完成。
6. 如果在上一步中无法解答题目，那么就做个标记，猜个答案然后继续做题。
GRE阅读的备考原则
8月即将实施的新GRE中取消了类比反义的考查。新GRE的Verbal部分包括：Reading Comprehension，Text Completion以及Sentence Equivalence三个部分。其中与现行GRE考试的共同点就是阅读理解不但保留下来，其重要性得到了进一步的提升。
如果说Verbal Section是中国考生的噩梦，GRE阅读便是噩梦中噩梦。原因是中国学生由于长期以来在英语阅读理解的训练上一直强调词汇的理解和文本的翻译。所谓的“重翻译，轻思维”。此种训练理念与与的要求相去甚远。其实，GRE阅读是借助阅读考察申请者的逻辑思维和解决问题的能力。另外，中国考生对于GRE阅读考试中的文章特点和选项编制的原则了解甚微，也导致备考中存在较大的盲目性以及考试中表现不佳。
在此文中，笔者无意对GRE阅读的文章特点做过多的论述，倒是想就GRE阅读文章的“最后一击”---选项，尤其是选项编制的原则， 做一些论述。并会结合笔者在近的教学经历跟读者朋友们分享所得。
作为一个标准化运作的出题机构多年以来在GRE阅读的出题方面已经沉淀下若干固定的规则，即用固定的原则来指导阅读试题的编撰者来编制正确和错误的选项。以下笔者将用一篇GRE阅读文章来剖析 编制选项的规则，希望对广大的GRE考生有所裨益。
通过对GRE阅读的深入分析不难发现使用了以下原则来编制选项：
1. 正确选项：
(1)同义变换 。即将原文中的某一句话用另一种说法表达，也就是英文中的paraphrase。如将文章中的”many wind-pollinated species fail to release pollen when wind speeds are low or when humid conditions prevail.”换成选项中的“Pollen is sometimes not released by plants when there is little wind“。
其中包括三种类型：变换同义词，变换句型，变化同根词的词性。以下分别论述，请注意表格中的斜体字。
2.错误选项：
对于GRE阅读文章中更大量的错误选项，也形成了一套固定的规则。以下笔者就用实例来说明错误选项编制的规则：
(1)混偏反无。
1)混: 此类选项的错误可以形象地概括为：“张冠李戴”。 如下例：
文章：”...unlike large businesses, they often need to make substantial investments in new plants, staff, equipment, and the like in order to perform work subcontracted to them. If, thereafter, their subcontracts are for some reason reduced, such firms can face potentially crippling fixed expenses“
题目：The passage suggests that the failure of a large business to have its bids for subcontracts result quickly in orders might cause it to
(A) experience frustration but not serious financial harm
(B) face potentially crippling fixed expenses (本题问大公司如果没有使投标转化为订单将引起什么结果。而这恰恰是小公司的特点。)
(C) have to record its efforts on forms filed with the government
(D) increase its spending with minority subcontractors
(E) revise its procedure for making bids for federal contracts and subcontracts
2)偏： 意即选项中所包含的逻辑范畴与原文不符。包括”以偏概全“ 以及”以全概偏”。请看下文：
Paule Marshall’s Brown Girl, Brownstones (1959) was a landmark in the depiction of female characters in Black American literature. Marshall avoided the oppressed and tragic heroine in conflict with White society that had been typical of the protest novels of the early twentieth century. Like her immediate predecessors, Zora Neale Hurston and Gwendolyn Brooks, she focused her novel on an ordinary Black woman’s search for identity within the context of a Black community. But Marshall extended the analysis of Black female characters begun by Hurston and Brooks by depicting her heroine’s development in terms of the relationship between her Barbadian American parents, and by exploring how male and female roles were defined by their immigrant culture, which in turn was influenced by the materialism of White America. By placing characters within a wider cultural context, Marshall attacked racial and sexual stereotypes and paved the way for explorations of race, class, and gender in the novels of the 1970’s.
题目：The passage is primarily concerned with
(A) comparing the works of three Black American authors
(B) describing common themes in Black American literature
(C) discussing an important work in Black American literature
(D) providing insights about Black American literature in the early twentieth century
(E) providing historical information about the writing of Black American novels in the second half the twentieth century
分析：此文描述并评价了美国黑人文学史上一部优秀的著作。而其中的D，E选项中的“Black American literature”以及“the writing of Black American novels”无疑扩大了原文的逻辑涵盖的范围，即属于“以全概偏”。于是不予选择。
3)反： 即选项中的内容与文章内容相反。
文章：“....Paule Marshall’s Brown Girl, Brownstones (1959) was a landmark in the depiction of female characters in Black American literature. Marshall avoided the oppressed and tragic heroine in conflict with White society that had been typical of the protest novels of the early twentieth century. Like her immediate predecessors, Zora Neale Hurston and Gwendolyn Brooks, she focused her novel on an ordinary Black woman’s search for identity within the context of a black community......”
题目：
According to the passage, Hurston, Brooks, and Marshall are alike in that they
(A) did not examine the effects of White culture on their characters’ lives
(B) were heavily influenced by the protest novels of the early twentieth century
(C) used Black communities as the settings for their novels
(D) wrote primarily about the difficulties their characters encountered in White culture
(E) wrote exclusively about female characters and the experiences of women
分析：从文章中得知：“马歇尔已经摆脱了抗议小说所一贯描绘的受压迫并且带有悲剧色彩的女主人公形象”。但是B选项却说道：“马歇尔深深地受到二十世纪早期抗议小说的影响”，明显与原文意思相反。
再如：
It can be inferred that the author of the passage would describe Brown Girl, Brownstones as being
(A) completely different from novels written before 1959
(B) highly influenced by novels written in the early twentieth century
(C) similar to the protest novels that preceded it
(D) important in the late 1950’s but dated today
(E) an important influence on novels written in the 1970’s
分析：C选项“与之前的抗议小说类似” 与原文意思相反。而B选项的“深受二十世纪早期小说的影响”从文章无法推测出。
4)无：即 提到文章中未涉及的内容。由于此种选项编制容易，并且一厢情愿地认为此种迷惑手段非常高明。因此，此类错误选项在GRE阅读的错误选项中数量众多。请各位考生紧记：凡基于文章内容无法推测出的选项必然错误。
还是上文：
题目：
According to the passage, Hurston, Brooks, and Marshall are alike in that they
(A) did not examine the effects of White culture on their characters’ lives
(B) were heavily influenced by the protest novels of the early twentieth century
(C) used Black communities as the settings for their novels
(D) wrote primarily about the difficulties their characters encountered in White culture
(E) wrote exclusively about female characters and the experiences of women
分析：从文章中得知：“马歇尔与另外两位的的共同点在于他们都把小说聚焦于一位普通的黑人女性对自己身份的追求，当然故事是以一个黑人社会为背景”。其中的A选项“未研究百人文化对角色生活所带来的影响”文章从未涉及。
再如：
It can be inferred that the author of the passage would describe Brown Girl, Brownstones as being
(A) completely different from novels written before 1959
(B) highly influenced by novels written in the early twentieth century
(C) similar to the protest novels that preceded it
(D) important in the late 1950’s but dated today
(E) an important influence on novels written in the 1970’s
分析：D选项“二十世纪50年代末期重要，但是今天过时了”文章从未涉及。
(3) 含有强调性语言(最高级、唯一性和比较级)的选项
会随意地在选项中加入一些极端语言来编制错误选项。集中表现为含有最高级，唯一性以及比较级的词汇。换句话说，含有这三类词汇的选项错误的几率很高。具体说：
1)最高级词汇：best , the most important, the least useful, uttermost, foremost, uppermost, always ,never, often, usually，primarily，primary，exact(ly)，complete(ly) . entire(ly) absolute(ly) extremely, unmitigated . unrestrained . unchecked. first等
2)唯一性词汇：only, alone, exclusively, sole(ly), unique(ly)
3)比较级词汇：more useful than, less beneficial than, better , worse than ，as ..as, the same with, similar to 等等。
还是以上两例：
According to the passage, Hurston, Brooks, and Marshall are alike in that they
(A) did not examine the effects of White culture on their characters’ lives
(B) were heavily influenced by the protest novels of the early twentieth century
(C) used Black communities as the settings for their novels
(D) wrote primarily about the difficulties their characters encountered in White culture
(E) wrote exclusively about female characters and the experiences of women
分析：此处的D选项和E选项中的“primarily”以及“exclusively”都属于比较极端的词汇。
It can be inferred that the author of the passage would describe Brown Girl, Brownstones as being
(A) completely different from novels written before 1959
(B) highly influenced by novels written in the early twentieth century
(C) similar to the protest novels that preceded it
(D) important in the late 1950’s but dated today
(E) an important influence on novels written in the 1970’s
分析：此处的A选项中的“completely” 也属于比较极端的词汇。
(4) 违反“论据集中”原则：
即此类选项试图使用非定位处的信息回答问题。此类选项极具迷惑性，因为这些错误的选项在文章中确实被提及过，可是由于与问题回答无关因此不予选择。
请看下例：
“No very satisfactory account of the mechanism that caused the formation of the ocean basins has yet been given. The traditional view supposes that the upper mantle of the earth behaves as a liquid when it is subjected to small forces for long periods and that differences in temperature under oceans and continents are sufficient to produce convection in the mantle of the earth with rising convection currents under the(E) mid-ocean ridges and sinking currents under the continents. Theoretically, this convection would carry the continental plates along as though they were on a conveyor belt and would provide the forces needed to produce the split that occurs along the ridge. This view may be correct: it has the advantage that the currents are driven by(B) temperature differences that themselves depend on the position of the continents. Such a (D)back-coupling, in which the position of the moving plate has an impact on the forces that move it, could produce complicated and varying motions.
On the other hand, the theory is implausible because convection does not normally occur along lines, and it certainly does not occur along lines broken by frequent offs or changes in direction, as the ridge is. Also it is difficult to see how the theory applies to the plate between the (C)Mid-Atlantic Ridge and the ridge in the Indian Ocean. ”
【题】The author refers to a “conveyor belt” in order to
(A)illustrate the effects of convection in the mantle
(B)show how temperature differences depend on the positions of the continents
(C)demonstrate the linear nature of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge
(D)describe the complicated motions made possible by back coupling
(E)account for the rising currents under certain mid-ocean ridges
分析：此题为一道举例作用题。其定位为文章中加粗和划线的句子。但是这四个错误的选项都无一例外地通过利用其它的句子编制而成，即出题机构分别使用文章中标号为 A，B，C和D的内容编制出四个错误的选项。因此，不予选择。考生切忌因为文章别的地方曾经出现过类似的内容而犹豫不决。
GRE阅读容易忽视的词汇
GRE阅读词汇举例：
perspective 透视画法;观点，方法;前景，远景
prospect 前景，景色;前途;勘探，寻找
appreciate 理解，认识，意识到;欣赏;感激
elaborate v.&adj. 精心制作，详细描述;精心制作的
address v.从事，忙于;n. 演讲
appropriate v. 拨给(资金)， 盗用/ adj.合适的
strain n. 血统，品系，菌株;紧张，张力;v.扭伤，拉紧
article n. 物品，商品
intrigue v.&n 激发兴趣;密谋;阴谋
intriguing adj. 激发兴趣的
assume v. 承担，担任;假装;假设
bark n. 树皮;犬吠
bill n.议案，法案;鸟嘴;账单
champion vt. 支持，拥护;n.冠军
aging n.老化，陈酿
complex n. 综合体 adj.复杂的
concern n. 公司(垄断组织“康采恩”就是它的音译)
attribute v.&n 归因于;特征，属性
default n.&v. 不履行;违约;拖欠;默认(值)
drill vt. 钻(孔);训练，操练
exploit v. 开发，利用n. 功绩
fair n. 集市，交易会;adj.公平的，美丽的 adv.公平地，直接地
fairly adv. 相当地，公平地
game n. 猎物，野味
fashion vt. 形成，塑造 n.时尚，方式
inviting adj. 引人注目的，吸引人的
alternate v.&adj. 交替，轮流; 交替的
alternating adj.交互的，交替的
英语阅读
GRE阅读如何准确判断文章结构提升速度
GRE阅读主体结构介绍
GRE阅读文章常见“主体结构”有三种：
1. 结论-解释型(也叫论点-解释型)
2. 新老观点对比型
3. 现象解释型(包含问题-解决方案型)
结论-解释型结构分析
首先是“结论-解释型”文章。这类文章在开始有一个判断句，一般是文章的结论，也是文章的主题。这个判断句的谓语部分通常包含系动词(is, remain, prove, turn out, appear等)或情态动词(can, may, should, must等)，而且含有表示态度的词汇(如形容词等)。例如：
Because of its accuracy in outlining the Earth's subsurface, the seismic-reflection method remains the most important tool in the search for petroleum reserves. In field practice, a subsurface is mapped by arranging a series of wave-train sources, such as small dynamite explosions, in a grid pattern…
文章首句指出：“由于地震反射法在勾划地球的地下层面这方面的准确性，该方法一直是探寻石油储备的最重要的工具。”这是一个判断句，为结论。其中remains为系动词，而most important为态度词，表示作者对“地震反射法”持非常正面的评价。后文应解释“地震反射法”的具体过程。 第二句话对解释进行总的说明：“在实地作业中，通过将一系列波列源，诸如小规模炸药爆炸，排列成一个网格模式，从而将地下层面标绘出来。”接下来是“地震反射法”的详细过程。
新老观点对比型结构分析
GRE阅读文章的第二种常见结构是“新老观点对比型”。 这类文章在开始提出老观点，然后提出新观点并进行论述。通常新观点是文章的主题。老观点出现的标志词有：
1. 传统观点： has been, traditionally, until recently等
2. 大众观点：frequently, widely, many等
新观点出现的标志词有：however, recently, now等。
例如：
Traditionally, pollination by wind has been viewed as a reproductive process marked by random events in which the vagaries of the wind are compensated for by the generation of vast quantities of pollen, so that the ultimate production of new seeds is assured at the expense of producing much more pollen than is actually used。
However, a number of features that are characteristic of wind-pollinated plants reduce pollen waste…
文章首句指出：“传统上，风媒授粉过程一直被视为是一个以随机事件为标志的繁殖过程，其中风的不确定性通过产生大量花粉而得以补偿，因此，新种子的最终繁殖得以保证，而此举的代价是所需产生的花粉要远远超过实际的使用量。”由第一个词traditionally可知文章首句为老观点(由于风的不确定性，风媒植物要产生大量花粉补偿)，那么本文的结构是“新老观点对比型”。
第二段首句出现了GRE阅读中的标志性转折词however，说明这句话就是新观点：“但是，风媒植物所独有的一系列特征可减少花粉浪费。”这说明风媒植物除了可以产生大量花粉加以补偿的消极策略之外，还可以通过一些积极机制减少花粉损失，不一定需要产生大量花粉。
现象解释型结构分析
GRE阅读文章的第三种常见结构是“现象解释型”。文章开始提出一个现象，然后解释现象。解释是主题。有多个解释时，作者一般对前面的解释持负面评价，对最后的解释持正面评价。提出现象时的标志词有：phenomenon, fact; problem, difficulty, puzzle, question等。例如：
What causes a helix in nature to appear with either a dextral (”right-handed,“or clockwise) twist or a sinistral (”left-handed,“ or counterclockwise') twist is one of the most intriguing puzzles in the science of form…What mechanisms, control handedness and keep left-handedness rare?
It would seem unlikely that evolution should discriminate against sinistral snails if sinistral and dextral snails are exact mirror images, for any disadvantage that a sinistral twist in itself could confer on its possessor is almost inconceivable. But left- and right-handed snails are not actually true mirror images of one another…
But this evolutionary mechanism combining dissymmetry, anatomy, and chance does not provide an adequate explanation of why right-handedness should have become predominant…
Here, the evolutionary theory must defer to a theory based on an explicit developmental mechanism that can favor either right- or left-handedness…Thus, the path to a solution to the puzzle of handedness in all snails appears to be as twisted as the helix itself。
是什么样的原因致使自然界中的螺旋体呈现出右旋(“右向旋转的”，或顺时针的)或左旋(“左向旋转的，”或反时针的)?这是形态科学中一个最引人入胜的不解之谜....究竟是一些什么样的机制控制着旋转方向，并使左旋的比例为数稀少呢??
假如左旋和右旋蜗牛呈完全一致的镜像对称的话，那么进化对左旋蜗牛不利，这近乎不太可能。几乎无法想象左旋本身会给左旋者带来任何不利之处。然而，左旋与右旋蜗牛彼此间实际上并不呈真正的镜像对称....
但是，这种结合不对称、解剖学和偶然性的进化论机制并未提供一种充分的解释，以说明蜗牛的右旋何以会成为主要的旋向....
于是，进化论必须让位于支持右旋或左旋的明确的发育机制为基础的理论....因此，解决所有蜗牛身上旋向之谜的道路似乎与这一螺旋体本身一样曲折复杂。
上文在第一段最后提出一个问题：“究竟是一些什么样的机制控制着旋转方向，并使左旋的比例为数稀少呢??”这个问题就是一个现象：螺旋体中左旋的比例少。有问题就有解答，有现象就有解释。第二段从进化论的角度解释这一现象。但是，GRE阅读文章中一般对进化论的解释持负面评价，所以需要寻找新的解释。第三段否定了进化论的解释。在末段，作者以发育机制(developmental mechanism)解释“为何左旋少、右旋多”。
把握了文章的三种主体结构以后，做文章后的许多题时易如反掌。由此可见，把握文章的主体结构，而不陷入文章词句与细节的泥沼中，能让考生在面对GRE阅读时更准确快速的完成解答，提高做题效率和正确率。建议广大GRE考生在做阅读题时不妨参照本文方法，也许会有一些收获。
GRE阅读：文章结构如何梳理
1.一句话只看一遍，充分利用自己的语法知识，时刻把握句子主干，修饰成分要毫无感觉得快速浏览(这里的“毫无感觉”不是略读，而是不希望过多的修饰成分或插入成分影响对句子主干的理解，这四个字需要自己体会)。
2.做标记除了大写字母、时间年代、最高级、转折标志词、因果标志词、列举、让步、强对比以外，还要标记出并列连接词(如and)、分号、冒号、表示作者态度的词(这个比较难，需要自己体会收集)，原因我会在下面的取舍中谈到。我的做标记的小窍门：标记符号不要只用一种(如下划线)，也不要过多，个人感觉最多三种(如括号、圆圈、下划线)，分别标记原因、转折和其他，不过我自己只用下划线和括号。
3.一定要取舍。我以前的标准是：
a)让步分句(如：带although的分句、带it is true的分句、带do的分句等)一律跳过(但是用括号括起来)，只看后半个分句;
b)such as后的内容一律跳过，也用括号括起来，不过我会数数列举的个数，如果是4个，则必出题，其他个数不用管，出题了再回头看;
c)for example举例只要提炼关键词的首字母就可以了，也要括起来，重点看后面或前面的结论。
d)原因——标志词常为BECause、since——一律跳过，括起来，只看结果。比较容易被忽略的是result in和result from，遇到这两个，我在下面划横线做标记。
e)老观点只把握关键词、知道讲的是什么就行，其他一律跳过。
f)冒号后一律跳过，冒号下做标记。
g)分号后一律跳过，因为表示并列，内容和前面大体一致，分号做标记，出题的话再回来看。
现在的标准是：上面这些全看，因为速度上来了，但看这些内容时仍然是“毫无感觉”地看，可以不用担心它们会分散注意力了。
当这些内容都做标记后，文章结构就非常清楚了，哪儿是举例、哪儿是结论、哪儿是原因、哪儿是转折一目了然，定位非常容易。
4. (本来想把这条放在第一位的)我的提高阅读速度的不二法门：反复阅读已经读过的文章，5遍左右吧!慢慢地就会产生一种直觉，知道哪里略读哪里重读。
结文之前忽然想起了一点，大家肯定都知道，再提醒一下：每段首句和全文末句一定仔细看。
GRE阅读：如何集中攻克
(一)阅读的习惯及阅读的“雷打不动”的金科玉律
对付GRE阅读难度层面上的阅读，永远都是先读文章后解题，而且读文章时间解题时间。遵守的准则是阅读“三字经”——边读，边记，边想。记的东西要有侧重，要trenchant，主要有：新观点的内容及出现处，强对比之处，最高级及惟一性出现处，人名第一次出现处，大列举处。想，是读完一段的必要工作，想三个问题：该段说了什么内容，回忆TS，作者为什么这样说，作者对这里的看法态度如何。这三部曲是解题最根本的东西，无论何时，何地，何等危急情况都不可省，切记!这是大牛们最珍贵的经验之一!
(二)新GRE阅读集中突破法
GRE阅读复习集中突破法，顾名思义，就是在短时间里集中突破思维的极限达到出题人的高度去审视每道题背后的东西，从而提前迅速地围追堵截，实现阅读飞跃。
突破原则：10—15天，以NO题为蓝本，《难句》一书为文火培元固本，再辅以LSAT武火锤炼。但是前提是你现在已经做完所有的NO题一遍，且已经达到第三阶段的要求与现象，即在规定的时间内错题在3—5以内，规定时间是在15—18分钟内。记住：集中突破法直接决定你最后达到的阅读境界，所以一个人一生只能用一次，如果你还没有这种水平，奉劝你切勿操之过急，否则永远也达不到一个全新的高度，一定要达到第三阶段的水平再练，切记!另外，一旦开始，就不能停下，直至完成，否则前功尽弃，后果不堪设想!
文火：NO4—9共84篇文章认真研究，如何研究?下面先区别两种情况：
(1)我的书上已经做好了答案，擦不掉了!那么你就直接省略步(1)，进入步骤(2)。
(2)我的书是空的，那么最好，现在你可以准备在上面画了，因为由于前面说过的“一遍性”，你这辈子可能是最后一次做NO题了，如果你不想将它以后卖几十块钱的话，还犹豫什么。
一般gre阅读复习大家的方法都是题海战术，也是一种集中突破的方式，但是只是找不着这个做题的思路，通过以上的简单介绍相信大家一定能搞定gre阅读复习。
三、集中突破法的延伸阅读——GRE阅读高分技巧
1.题目类型固定或所涉及考点为已做标记范畴
1)问事物之间的关系，定位到同时标记这两个事物的地方。
2)问作者态度，定位到有态度词标记的地方。
3)问事物的缺陷，直接定位到标记缺陷处。
4)问文章大意类的主旨题定位与TS
5)问全文focus的特征，首先到TS处定位。
6)问文章结构、段落作用、行文方法类的主旨题定位于SE。
7)问作者举某个例子的目的，或者作者引用一段文字为了说明什么，这类就写作用意提问的题目一般定位于例子或者引述文字的上文。
8)提干句以IF结尾的改进型或取非题，定位在原文缺陷处或者有unless的句子。
9)如果题目为EXCEPT题，可以先看看原文的标记中有没有列举内容;如果有，很可能是答案所在。
2.题干有特征词的题目
1)最高级、比较级、数字、以大写字母开头的专有名词、年代、特殊历史时期、引号、斜体字。
2)选项标志词与题干核心词双重定位
3)段落定位
提升GRE阅读答题速度要练这5招
GRE长篇阅读解题步骤：读原文
GRE阅读的基本做题方法，就是先读原文再看题目，看过题目后再根据题目定位回原文，所以读原文是做一篇阅读的第一步。有些同学已经养成了先读题目再看原文的阅读习惯，其实，做题的顺序要因阅读特点和出题方式而异，GRE阅读题目的出题顺序和原文几乎没有任何联系，也就是说第一道题可能考了原文的末尾，而最后一道题可能考的是原文的开始，故先读题目再读原文对做题没有任何帮助，反而有可能扰乱读者理解原文内在的逻辑结构。
GRE长篇阅读解题步骤：做标记
做标记是指在读文章的时候用简单的符号记录所读重点内容，这应该和读文章同步进行，标记一般可以做在草稿纸上。做标记的主要目的是为了读完选项之后能快速、准确的定位，这个步骤要求考生熟悉常考考点，对应做标记的内容烂熟于胸，这样才能不费时间的给自己下一步的定位作准标记。
GRE长篇阅读解题步骤：读题干/选项
读题干的过程也是个找题干特征的过程，看看题干所述和自己所做标记的内容有没有联系，如果有，则可以直接定位，故定位最主要的基础是题干与标记之间的联系。有时候题干可能没有可以捕捉的特征，这时考生不妨从选项下手，选项中也时常会有明显的特征反映出它与原文中的重点内容之间的相关性。
GRE长篇阅读解题步骤：定位
定位指的是确定考题针对原文中什么位置的内容发问，通常通过题干和选项的特征词来找，判断了原文所述的位置之后，就可以找原文和答案之间的对应关系了，绝大多数题目都可以通过找题干和选项的特征词准确的定位到原文某处。
GRE长篇阅读解题步骤：选答案
GRE考试的备选答案都是五个，通常很少有考题能让大家一目了然的直接判断出正确答案，总有1-2个迷惑性比较大的选项。所以，考生不妨先竖读各选相，排除一些明显错误的选项，然后再对剩下的进行细致的比较，通过原文和选项之间的文字对应关系，进行选择。
GRE阅读：如何抓住重点
一、GRE阅读文章重点：
重在结构，关注focus,关注作者对focus的态度、评价，缺陷及需要改进的地方
重点读首段和各段首句，注意起承转合，看不懂的继续往下看，只关心是顺接还是转折关系
作笔记：尤其是新观点、TS、判断句、虚拟语气、强对比、强转折、最高级、唯一性、比较级、列举，大写名词、时间，地点，人名等，不要精读，记住位置即可需作笔记的部分：(作笔记是为了定位方便)
TS直接标在文章旁边
关键词直接在文中标出
人名、地名、斜体字记行号、首字母及评价L10, D, +第10行出现D,正评价
强对比L10 ><标记行号
强转折标记位置
unless,缺陷标记位置
比较级、最高级，唯一性=, >, <标记行号，用于文字对应
大列举标记位置，可能考except或罗马数字题
泛指化题型is driven to标记位置
速度一定要快，能不读则不读，能少读则少读，长文章一定要只看框架，大胆的略读粗读，做笔记，读题，精确定位，解题需要特别注意的内容：
a:强对比、强转折、双重否定
b:比较级、最高级、唯一性、“所有”， only, in particular
c:大写名词、斜体字做好标记
d:有关时间的句子，弄清楚前后关系
e:反复出现的关键词，弄清其含义
f:虚拟、让步语气
g:转折、比较弄清比较双方是谁
h:文章脉络，作者的观点和倾向，评价最重要
二、GRE阅读整体思路和方法：
先读文章后做题，阅读速度一定要快，勇敢的省略，记住：看题时间要比看文时间长
两遍法，第一遍通读，重点看文章的结构、focus、作者态度，第二遍在解题时定位阅读
解任何题目时都要回到原文中定位，严格把握文字对应法，每个正确答案都必须找到依据，绝对不可凭记忆或知识背景做题
不要精读，不必了解文章的意思，速度一定要快，一定要作笔记，时间不够看首段和各段首句
每天都积累几个GRE句子
总之阅读的关键就是：“速度+定位+改写”
GRE阅读影响成绩的要素
在阅读时颠倒阅读重点
在把握GRE文章时首先应读出其逻辑层次，其中包括套路，各段段意，各段之间的逻辑关系以及主题句。其次，需注意文章中的一些重点语言现象，如GRE强转折，强因果和强对比等词所在的句子。同时在看文章时对一些重要的细节要记住它们大致的位置。最后在做题的时候对一些与题目相关的细节进行仔细的研读。
盲目求快而忽略了文章中主要的信息
有些考生片面理解了G式阅读中的快速阅读，认为快速阅读仅仅指的就是提高单位时间内容阅读单词的数量，所以在阅读实践中盲目提速。导致文章中重要的主干内容被忽略。
在阅读时缩手缩脚，不敢舍弃
有的考生在备考时也基本认同了快速阅读方法的合理性，可在实际阅读文章的过程中还是缩手缩脚，不敢快速阅读一些细节。
英语阅读
GRE阅读提升读文章速度先打好基础 积累阅读量是根本解决方法
根本解决办法是多读
从长远来看，解决阅读速度不快的根本办法是多读。阅读速读提高不上去很大程度上是因为考生还不习惯英语到自己语言的理解，需要一个切换理解的时间。比如看到一个词，要先想到这个词的意思，然后理解整句话。要解决这个问题显然就是需要熟练，不断地接触英语相关的资料，在不断地阅读中多理解，即使不是精读也要试图理解一片文章的大概和基本逻辑，经过联系使中间这个切换时间越来越短，最后达到完全不需要切换的语言感觉。短期来看，针对新GRE考试可以尝试多做笔记，用自己熟悉的符号记录或者标注各种语言的重要信息，这样做题时候回文定位会省事很多。
提高细节把握能力
GRE阅读速度提高了可能还存在一个问题，就是阅读的感觉不好，细节重点抓不住。不少同学做题时可以大概理解一片文章讲的是什么，但是对于一些细节，和关键问题还是理解模糊或者无法理解的问题。这种问题可能是由于同学们自己阅读一些长难句的困难，面对一些结构复杂的长句子无所适从，建议长难句方面有困难的同学可以参考一下专门针对性的长难句教材，比如杨鹏老师的长难句材料，各种语法点总结的很好，很有针对性。还有就是针对一些专业词汇做特殊的记忆，比如考生不常见的地质学、气象学和天文学等领域的词汇。
思路不适应要积累阅读量
对于思路上不太适应GRE逻辑思维的同学，平时可以多注意积累其他方面的阅读量，哪怕是中文文章的，尝试理解那些有一定逻辑难度的文章，这样可以跳过语言这一环，直接训练自己的思路。对于GRE阅读的考试，哪怕是整个GRE考试的备考来说，都会发现背景知识越丰富，得到的帮助会更多。
时间充分可以精读练习
对于备考时间比较充裕的考生可以尝试将阅读文章做完题之后精读，把每一个句子的意思都搞懂，都能翻译出来，不会的单词去查。这这个过程可以发现自己在语法和背景知识方面的漏洞，然后再去理解一篇文章的大意。
GRE阅读题目解析:蚂蚁用真菌创造菜园
Some attine ants carry vegetation into their nests and add fungal material, thereby creating “gardens” in which fungal food for the ants grow. Because the ants play the behaviorally active role, it seems compelling to say that they cultivate and control the passive fungi. But even if that is true, the symbiotic association has existed for so long that cultivar traits may have evolved in the fungi that benefit the fungi but not necessarily the ants. Furthermore, many microorganisms have developed sophisticated mechanisms to manipulate the physiology and behavior of their symbiotic animals. It is not implausible, therefore, that the ants’ fungi have evolved chemical and physiological schemes that alter ant behavior to serve the fungus’ reproductive interests, possibly even compromising the reproductive interests for the ant hosts.
1. The passage points out which of the following in order to explain the appeal of the notion that some attine ants cultivate and control fungus?
A. The ants play the behaviorally active roles in the symbiotic relationship.
B. The ants purposefully carry vegetation into their nests for their own consumption.
C. Fungus is physiologically a passive substance.
D. Other organisms are able to manipulate their symbiotic partners.
E. The chemical and physiological properties of the fungus are subject to ant influence.
2. In the context in which it appears, the word “manipulate” most nearly means
A. influence
B. oversee
C. coerce
D. deceive
E. outmaneuver
1
Some attine ants carry vegetation into their nests and add fungal material, thereby creating “gardens” in which fungal food for the ants grow.
一些 A 蚁把植物带回巢穴，再加入真菌材料，于是创造出一个生产真菌的 “ 菜园 ” 供养蚁群。
(attine ants 没查到比较准确的译法，也许可以译作 “ 真菌培育蚁 ”，也许指的就是 “ 切叶蚁 ”，待定。)
2
Because the ants play the behaviorally active role, it seems compelling to say that they cultivate and control the passive fungi.
因为蚁的是这一行为的主动方，说它们种植和控制被动的真菌似乎比较有说服力。
3
But even if that is true, the symbiotic association has existed for so long that cultivar traits may have evolved in the fungi that benefit the fungi but not necessarily the ants.
但即便这是真的，这种共生关系也存在了如此久，以至于被栽种的真菌可能已经进化出一些对自己有利，对蚁未必有利的遗传特征。
(cultivar 栽种品种
trait 遗传特征)
4
Furthermore, many microorganisms have developed sophisticated mechanisms to manipulate the physiology and behavior of their symbiotic animals.
此外，许多微生物都发展出复杂的机制，操纵与之共生的动物的生理机能和行为。
5
It is not implausible, therefore, that the ants’ fungi have evolved chemical and physiological schemes that alter ant behavior to serve the fungus’ reproductive interests, possibly even compromising the reproductive interests for the ant hosts.
因此，有可能蚁栽种的真菌，已经进化出化学和生理策略，改变蚁的行为，为真菌的生殖利益服务，甚至可能危害到了宿主蚁的生殖利益。
1. The passage points out which of the following in order to explain the appeal of the notion that some attine ants cultivate and control fungus?
A. The ants play the behaviorally active roles in the symbiotic relationship.
B. The ants purposefully carry vegetation into their nests for their own consumption.
C. Fungus is physiologically a passive substance.
D. Other organisms are able to manipulate their symbiotic partners.
E. The chemical and physiological properties of the fungus are subject to ant influence.
选 A
文章开始提出了一种现象，蚂蚁和蘑菇共生。
关于这一现象，有两种解释，一种是蚂蚁种蘑菇;一种是蘑菇控制蚂蚁。
题目问我们第一种解释的根据，定位句 2，Because the ants play the behaviorally active role，选 A 。
2. In the context in which it appears, the word “manipulate” most nearly means
A. influence
B. oversee
C. coerce
D. deceive
E. outmaneuver
选 A
influence 影响，支配
oversee 监督，监视
coerce 强制，逼迫
deceive 欺骗，误导
outmaneuver 以计谋、智力取胜(对手)
GRE阅读题目解析:英国文学传记
P45
The editors of the essay collection Romantic biography tell us repeatedly that biography is an invention of the Romantic period in British literature (late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries), yet we are never shown that process of invention motion. Hazlitt, the most prominent example of the Romantic biographer, is almost invisible. The Romantic period was not just the period in which biography was invented---or, rather, the period in which some of its informing principles were invented, since biography could just as easily be said to have originated in the scandalous memoirs that formed part of the pre-Romantic culture of the novel. It was also the period in which biography, through its sheer ubiquity, became an object of major ideological significance within British culture.
1. The passage mentions the ”scandalous memoirs ” that were written prior to the Romantic period primarily in order to
A. indicate an alternative account of the origins of biography
B. compare these memoirs to Romantic biography
C. explain how biography became ubiquitous in British culture
D question the ideological significance accorded to biography
E. suggest that biographies were not as popular as memoirs
2. According to the passage, biography attained great significance within British culture during the Romantic period because biographies
A. were associated with scandal
B. were easy to read and comprehend
C. were so widespread in Britain at the time
D. challenged conventional British ideologies
E. contributed to the development of the novel
P45
1
The editors of the essay collection Romantic biography tell us repeatedly that biography is an invention of the Romantic period in British literature (late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries), yet we are never shown that process of invention motion.
文集 R B 的编辑们一再告诉我们，传记是英国文学浪漫主义时期(十八世纪晚期和十九世纪早期)的独创，却从未向我们展示创造的过程。
(我推测 Romantic biography 是个 typo，应写作 Romantic Biography，是书名;如果 biography 小写无误，则 Romantic biography 指的是 浪漫主义时期的传记，那么关于这一主题的文集，应该写为 essay collection(s) of / about / concerning (the) Romantic biographies。
翻译采取了第一种理解。)
2
Hazlitt, the most prominent example of the Romantic biographer, is almost invisible.
H，作为浪漫主义时期最杰出的传记作家的代表，几乎无人知晓。
3
The Romantic period was not just the period in which biography was invented -- or, rather, the period in which some of its informing principles were invented, since biography could just as easily be said to have originated in the scandalous memoirs that formed part of the pre-Romantic culture of the novel.
浪漫主义时期并非传记文体被创造的时期，—— 更确切地说，不是我们熟悉的那些原则被确立的时期，因为传记据称起源于 scandlous memoirs，后者是 前浪漫主义 时期小说文化的一部分。
(scandalous memoirs 意会吧，没查到权威或公认的译法)
4
It was also the period in which biography, through its sheer ubiquity, became an object of major ideological significance within British culture.
也正是在浪漫主义时期，传记作品通过普及式的传播，成为英国文化最重要的意识形态宣传工具。
(sheer 十足的，完全的
ubiquity 无所不在
object 直译，应取 “(受关注、欣赏等)的对象、客体 ”，或理解为 “ … 的目标 ” 。意译跳跃比较大。)
1. The passage mentions the "scandalous memoirs ” that were written prior to the Romantic period primarily in order to
A. indicate an alternative account of the origins of biography
B. compare these memoirs to Romantic biography
C. explain how biography became ubiquitous in British culture
D question the ideological significance accorded to biography
E. suggest that biographies were not as popular as memoirs
选 A
scandalous memoirs 出现在句 3：
The Romantic period was not just the period in which biography was invented -- or, rather, the period in which some of its informing principles were invented, since biography could just as easily be said to have originated in the scandalous memoirs that formed part of the pre-Romantic culture of the novel.
文章前三句，一直围绕着 Romantic biography 的来源，句 1 出现的编辑们 editors 说，biography is an invention of the Romantic period in British literature，但作者认为他们一直拿不出证据，we are never shown that process of invention motion，可推测作者的态度。
综合句 3，给出了另一种说法，an alternative account 。
2. According to the passage, biography attained great significance within British culture during the Romantic period because biographies
A. were associated with scandal
B. were easy to read and comprehend
C. were so widespread in Britain at the time
D. challenged conventional British ideologies
E. contributed to the development of the novel
选 C
句 4 出现的 sheer ubiquty 对应 widespread 。
