以下是小编帮大家整理的英语语法被动语态使用注意事项（共含8篇），供大家参考借鉴，希望可以帮助到您。同时，但愿您也能像本文投稿人“与或非”一样，积极向本站投稿分享好文章。
一、要注意被动语态的不同时态
被动语态由“be+过去分词”，其中的助动词 be 根据情况可使用各种不同时态。如：
She is respected by everyone. 她受到大家的尊重。(一般现在时)
The book will be reprinted soon. 这本书很快会重印。(一般将来时)
The road is being repaired. 路正在修整。(现在进行时)
They have been given a warning. 他们受到警告。(现在完成时)
二、要注意带情态动词的被动语态
该结构的基本形式为“情态动词+be(或be的适当形式)+过去分词”。这类结构非常有可能作为语境题出现在考卷中。如：
The rules must be obeyed. 这些规章制度必须遵守。
They shouldn’t have been told about it. 这事是不应当告诉他们的。
三、要注意非谓语动词的被动语态
1. 不定式一般式的被动语态。由“to be+过去分词”构成。如：
She asked to be given some work to do. 她要求给她一些工作做。
He was the last person to be asked to speak. 他是最后被邀请发言的人。
2. 不定式完成式的被动语态。由“to have been+过去分词”构成。如：
I should like to have been told the result earlier. 我本想让人把结果早点告诉我的。
3. 现在分词一般式的被动语态。由“being+过去分词”构成。如：
I saw him being taken away. 我看见有人把他带走了。
Being protected by a wall, he felt quite safe. 有墙作保护，他感到很安全。
4. 现在分词完成式的被动语态。由“having been+过去分词”构成。如：
Having been invited to speak, I’ll start making preparations tomorrow. 因为邀请我去讲话，我明天就得做准备。
The subject having been opened，he had to go on with it. 话题已经开始了，他不得不谈下去。
5. 动名词一般式的被动语态。由“being+过去分词”构成。如：
She likes being looked at. 她喜欢被人瞧。
He hates being made a fool of. 他讨厌被别人愚弄。
This question is far from being settled. 这个问题远没解决。
6. 动名词完成式的被动语态。由“having been+过去分词”构成。如：
Jenny’s not having been trained as a dancer is her one regret. 杰妮没受过舞蹈的专业训练是她感到遗憾的事。
After having been instructed to drive out of town, I began to acquire confidence. 在接到把车开出城的指令后，我开始信心十足了。
注：过去分词没有被动式，因为它本身可以表示被动意义。如：
The door remained locked. 门仍然锁着。
四、要注意“get+过去分词”构成的被动语态
英语被动语态通常由“助动词be+过去分词”构成，有时也可用“get+过去分词”构成。如：
James got beaten last night. 詹姆斯昨晚被打了。
How did that window get opened? 那个窗户是如何打开的?
但总的说来，用get构成的被动语态不如用be构成的被动语态常见，尤其是在含有施动者的by短语时，用get构成被动语态更是少见。不过有时用be+过去分词构成被动语态构成误解时，人们可能会选get+过去分词来避免这种误解：
The window was broken. 窗户破了(表状态)。/ 窗户被打破了(表动作)
The window got broken. 窗户被打破了(表动作)
五、要注意哪些动词不用于被动语态
1. 不及物动词没有被动语态。因为不及物动词没有宾语，所以若将其用于被动语态则没有主语，故不能用于被动语态。但是值得注意的是，有些英语中的不及物动词，译成汉语时却可能是“及物”的，很容易出错，这类动词如：take place(发生)，happen(发生)，come about(发生)，break out(爆发)，appear(出现)，disappear(消失)，last(持续)，arise(出现，发生)等：
Influenza usually breaks out in winter. 流感通常发生在冬季。
Use this money when the need arises. 有需要时就使用这笔钱。
2. 英语中的静态动词(如have, lack, fit, hold, suit, resemble 等)通常不用于被动语态：
My shoes don’t fit me. 我的鞋不合适。
The young man lacks experience. 这个年轻人缺乏经验。
英语语法：被动语态用法大全
概念
语态(Voice)是动词的一种形式，用以表示主语和谓语之间的关系。
英语的语态包括两种形式：
主动语态(active voice)和被动语态(passive voice)。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般来说，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。巧记为：主动、主动、主去动。
Many people speak English.谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。
巧记为：被动、被动、主被动。English is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。He opened the door.他开了门。(主动句)The door was opened.门被开了。(被动句)
构成
His bicycle was stolen.The building has been built in .通过上面的例句，可以看出，“被动语态”的构成是：be + 过去分词 ( + by + 动作执行者)
形式
被动语态由助动词be加及物动词的过去分词构成，强调动作是由什么人或什么东西而发出时，常用介词“by +行为发出者”，即be+done+by+行为发出者。
被动语态可用于各种时态，通过助动词be的变化来表示：
1、一般现在时的被动语态. am / is / are + 动词的过去分词Our classroom is cleaned every day.This car is made in China.
2、一般过去式的被动语态: was / were + 动词的过去分词His desk was cleaned just now.The station was built in 1928.
3、现在进行时的被动语态: am / is / are + being + 动词的过去分词A new factory is being built in our city now.Some trees are being cut down in the park.
4、过去进行时的被动语态: was / were + being + 动词的过去分词A new factory was being built in our city at that time.Some babies were being looked after by Miss Chen last year.
5、一般将来时的被动语态:(A) will / shall + be + 动词的过去分词(B) am / is / are + going to be +动词的过去分词.Some new factories will be built in our city this year.Your watch is going to be mended in an hour.
6、过去将来时的被动语态:(1)would / should + be + 动词的过去分词(2)was / were +going to be + 动词的过去分词.She said that some new factories would be built soon in our city.He thought that your watch was going to be mended after an hour.
7、现在完成时的被动语态:have / has + been + 动词的过去分词Some new factories have been built in the city since last year.Your watch has been mended already.
8、过去完成时的被动语态:had + been + 动词的过去分词He said that some new factories had been built in the city.I didn’t know that my watch had been mended .
9、含情态动词的被动式：can/may/must + be + done(1)You must hand in your homework after class.Your homework must be handed in after class.(2)He can write a letter with the computer.A letter can be written with the computer by him.
| 初中英语八大时态 | ||
| 一般现在时 | 一般过去时 | 一般将来时 |
| 现在进行时 | 过去进行时 | 过去将来时 |
| 现在完成时 | 过去进行时 |
运用
第一种情况：不知道动作的执行者，就是不知道谁干的Dan's bike was stolen last week. 丹的自行车上周被偷了。My windows were broken yesterday. 我的窗户昨天被打烂了。
第二种情况：没有必要交代动作的执行者，就是说：不用说出来大家也知道谁干的Rice is also grown in North China. 华北地区也种水稻。A new railway station will be built next year. 明年要建一座新的火车站。
第三种：为了强调动作的承受者，这里我们比较一下主动和被动：Prisoners of War built the bridge. 战俘修建了这座桥。此句的主句是 Prisoners of War，是来回答 Who built the bridge? 这个问句，所以此句强调的是动作的执行者---战俘，交代战俘做了什么事。变被动之后：The bridge was built by Prisoners of War.这座桥是被战俘修建的。这样说的话，主语变成了“the bridge”---这座桥，此句是回答 What was built? 所以此句是强调“什么被建造”即强调动作的承受者。又如：The book was written by Shi Naian. 这本书是施耐庵写的。以上是被动语态使用的三种情况或者说时机，第三种虽然强调动作的承受者，但一般也要交代动作的执行者，用 by + 执行者 来表达。
主动语态变成被动语态
1、从句子意义上说，就是重新找出“什么事物”是“被完成”的。
主动语态：人们说英语。People speak English in many countries.被动语态：英语被说。English is spoken in many countries..主动语态：我们造这座桥。We built this bridge last year.被动语态：这座桥被建造。This bridge was built last year.2、从语法的角度说，把原句的宾语改成主语。主动语态：小王邀请你(宾语)Xiao Liu has invited you to a lunch party.被动语态：你(宾语)被邀请。You has been invited to a lunch party by Xiao Wang.主动语态：你不准带走杂志(宾语)You must not take these magazines out of the reading-room.被动语态：杂志(宾语)不准被带走.These magazines must not be taken out of the reading room.主动语态：他们授给他(宾语)一枚奖章(宾语).They gave him a medal for his wonderful work.被动语态：他(宾语)被授予一枚奖章.He was given a medal for his wonderful work.被动语态：一枚奖章(宾语)被授给了他.A medal was given to him for his wonderful work.语态转换时所注意的问题
1. 把主动语态变为被动语态，其谓语动词的时态要与原句时态保持一致，其谓语动词的数要与新主语保持一致。We have bought a new computer.A new computer has been bought.A new computer have been bought. (错误)
2. 含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时，可分别将其中的一个宾语变为主语，另一个不动，一般变间接宾语为主语时比较多My uncle gave me a present on my birthday.I was given a present on my birthday.如果把直接宾语(指物)改为主语，则在间接宾语(指人)前加适当的介词，如上句还可以说：A present was given to me yesterday.
注意：1.一般在下列动词后，常在间接宾语前用介词 to，如：bring, give, hand, lend, offer, pass, pay, promise, sell, show, take, teach, tell 等。(1) The book was showed to the class.(2) My bike was lent to her.
2.一般在下列动词后，间接宾语前用介词 for, 如：build, buy, cook, cut, choose, do, fetch, find, fix, get, keep, make, order, paint, play, sing 等。(1) A new skirt was made for me.(2) The meat was cooked for us.(3) Some country music was played for us.
3. 由动词+ 介词或副词构成的短语动词，要把它们作为整体看，即把它们看成一个及物动词，介词或副词不可拆开或漏掉。这类动词有：不及物动词+ 介词，如: agree to, ask for, laugh at, operated on, listen to, look after, think of, talk about 等。The patient is being operated on. The problem is solved. It needn't be talked about.及物动词+ 副词：如：bring about, carry out, find out, give up, hand in, make out, pass on, point out, put away, put off, think over, turn down, work out, turn out 等。His request was turned down.The sports meet will be put off because of the bad weather4. 带复合宾语(宾语+ 宾补)的动词改为被动语态时，一般把主动结构中的宾语改为主语，而宾语补足语保留在谓语动词后面。
(1) We always keep the classroom clean.→The classroom is always kept clean.
(2) She told us to follow her instructions.→We were told to follow her instructions.注意：在see, watch, hear, notice, listen to, look at, make, feel等动词后作宾语补足语的动词不定式都不带 to，但改成被动语态后都带to，这时不定式为主语补足语，也就是说不定式作主语补足语不存在省略to 的问题。We often hear him play the guitar.→He is often heard to play the guitar.
5. 当主动句的主语是nobody, no one等含有否定意义的不定代词时，被动句中将其变为anybody,作by的宾语，并将谓语动词变为否定的被动语态。Nobody can answer this question.误：The question can be answered by nobody.正：The question can not be answered by anybody.
6. 当否定句中的宾语是anything, anybody, anyone等不定代词时，在被动句中应将其分别变为nothing, nobody, no one作主语，并将谓语动词变为肯定的被动语态。They haven't done anything to make the river clean.误：Anything hasn't been done to make the river clean.正：Nothing has been done to make the river clean.
7. 以who为主语开头的疑问句，变被动时，用by whom放在句首：Who wrote the story?误：Who was the story written?正：By whom was the story written?
8. 有些动词既是及物又是不及物，当它们和well, badly, easily等副词连用时，表示主语内在品质或性能，是不及物动词，用主动表示被动，这时不用被动语态，常见的有：write, read, clean, sell, wash, cook 等。(1)The cloth washes easily. 这布很好洗。(2)The new product sells well. 这新产品很畅销。对比：The books sell well. (主动句)The books were sold out. (被动句)The meat didn’t cook well. (主动句)The meat was cooked for a long time. (被动句)
9. 下列情况主动句不能改为被动句：第一，感官系动词一般用主动形式表示被动意义，如：feel，look, seem, taste, sound, remain等。(1)— Do you like the material?— Yes, it feels very soft.误：It is felt very soft.(2)The food tastes delicious.误：The food is tasted delicious.(3)The pop music sounds beautiful.误：The pop music is sounded beautiful.第二，谓语是及物动词leave, enter, reach, suit, have, benefit, lack, own等。He entered the room and got his book.误：The room was entered and his book was got.She had her hand burned.误：Her hand was had burned.第三，一些不及物动词短语没有被动语态：take place, break out, belong to, lose heart, consist of, add up to等。The fire broke out in the capital building.误：The fire was broke out in the capital building.第四，不及物动词没有被动语态，如：rise, happen, succeed, remain, lie等。When we got to the top of the mountain, the sun had already risen.误：The sun had already been risen.After the earthquake, few houses remained.误：After the earthquake, few houses were remained.第五，宾语是反身代词，相互代词，同源宾语，不定式，v-ing形式及抽象名词等，不能变为被动句子的主语，如：I taught myself English.误：Myself was taught English.We love each other.误：Each other is loved.
初中教材中与被动语态相关的句型
1.be covered with被……覆盖
2.be made of由……制作(发生物理变化)be made from由……制作(发生化学变化)be made in由(某地)制造be made by被(某人)制造3.be used for被用来……be used as被当作(作为)……来使用be used to do sth.被用来做某事4.It is said that...据说……It is hoped that...希望……It is well known that...众所周知……例如：
几种特殊的被动语态
1.带不定式的被动语态。The child is sure to be punished for that. 那个孩子肯定会因为那件事受罚的。2. 带介词的动词短语的被动语态。Such a thing has never been heard of. 这件事前所未闻。3. 带副词的动词短语的被动语态。The radio has just been turned off. 收音机刚刚被关上。4. 当sell, wash, clean, run, ride, wear, write等动词若有状语well, easily, badly来修饰时，用主动形式表达被动意义。The pen writes well. 这枝钢笔写字流畅。The book sells well. 这本书很畅销。
形式为主动，意义为被动。(中考难点)
1.由少数及物动词转化来的不及物动词(sell, clean, wash, cut, drive, wear, write等)，当句子的主语为物时，可用主动形式表被动意义。The car drives well.The cloth washes easily.2.在be worth doing, need doing中，主语是物，doing表示被动意义。The book is worth reading.The tree needs watering.3.形容词 cheap, dangerous, important, comfortable, interesting等接不定式做状语时，不定式的主动形式表被动意义。The old lady is easy to get along with.The question is difficult to answer.4.感官动词look, sound, taste, smell, feel等，主动语态表被动意义。You look unhappy.The cake tastes delicious.
口诀
一般现在时、一般过去时用be +及物动词的.过去分词，be有人称、时、数变。
完成时态have(has)done，被动将been加中间。一般将来shall(will)do，被动变do为be done。将来进行无被动，shall(will)be doing。现在完成时，被动 have(has)been done。现、过进行be doing，被动be加being done。情、助、有、是妥安排，一律随新主语变。否定助后加not，疑问一助置主前。主语恰是疑问词，直陈语序主在前。一般情助加be done，双宾多将间宾变。复合宾语宾变主，宾补、主补相应变。
初中英语语法被动语态专题
被动语态中谓语动词的基本构成：
be + done
2八种时态的被动语态：(变 be 的时态即可，done不动)
1)一般现在时：am / is / are + done
①People grow rice in the south of the country.
Rice is grown in the south of the country.
②The school doesn't allow us to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher.
We are not allowed to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher.
2)一般过去时：was / were + done
①They agreed on the building of a new car factory last month.
The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month.
②The students didn't forget his lessons easily.
His lessons were not easily forgotten
3)一般将来时：will + be done
①They will send cars abroad by sea.
Cars will be sent abroad by sea.
②They will give plenty of jobs to school-leavers.
Plenty of jobs will be given to school-leavers.
4)一般过去将来时：would + be done
①The manager said they would complete the project by the end of the year.
The manager said the project would be completed by the end of the year.
② The workers told me they would mend the car as soon as possible.
The workers told me that the car would be mended as soon as possible.
5)现在进行时：am / is / are + being + done
①The radio is broadcasting English lessons.
English lessons are being broadcasted on the radio.
② We are painting the rooms.
The rooms are being painted.
6)过去进行时：was / were + being + done
①The workers were mending the road.
The road was being mended.
②This time last year we were planting trees here.
Trees were being planted here this time last year.
7)现在完成时：have / has + been + done
①Someone has told me the sports meeting might be put off.
I have been told the sports meeting might be put off.
②He has brought his book here.
His book has been brought here.
8)过去完成时：had + been + done
①When I got to the theatre, I found they had already sold out the tickets.
When I got to the theatre, I found the tickets had already been sold out.
② The whole country was very sad at the news of his death; people had considered him to be a great leader.
The whole country was very sad at the news of his death; he had been considered to be a great leader
3含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+ be+ done
①You must hand in your compositions after class.
Your compositions must be handed in after class.
②He can write a great many letters with the computer.
A great many letters can be written with the computer by him.
4被动语态的使用情况：
1)当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时，这时往往不用by 短语。
“Mr. White, the cup was broken after class. ”
2.突出或强调动作的承受者，如果需要说出动作的执行者，用by 短语。
These records were made by John Denver.
5主动语态变被动语态的方法：
1)把主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语。
2)把主动语态的谓语变成被动语态的be + 过去分词，时态要与原句保持一致。
3)把主动语态的主语变为介词by 的宾语，放在被动语态里谓语动词之后，by 短语可以省略。
My aunt invited me to her dinner party.
→I was invited (by my aunt ) to her dinner party.
The school set up a special class to help poor readers.
→A special class to help poor readers was set up in the school.
6语态转换时应注意的问题：
1) 把主动语态变为被动语态时，其谓语动词的时态要与原句时态保持一致，其谓语动词的数要与新主语保持一致。
We have bought a new computer.
→A new computer has been bought. (正确)
→A new computer have been bought. (错误)
2)含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时，可分别将其中的一个宾语变为主语，另一个不动，一般变间接宾语为主语时比较多。
My uncle gave me a present on my birthday.
→I was given a present on my birthday.
如果把直接宾语(指物)改为主语，则在间接宾语(指人)前加适当的介词，如上句还可以说
→A present was given to me yesterday.
3) 由动词+ 介词或副词构成的短语动词，要把它们作为整体看，即把它们看成一个及物动词，介词或副词不可拆开或漏掉。
The patient is being operated on.
The problem is solved. It needn't be talked about.
His request was turned down.
The sports meet will be put off because of the bad weather
4)带复合宾语(宾语+ 宾补)的动词改为被动语态时，一般把主动结构中的宾语改为主语，而宾语补足语保留在谓语动词后面。
We always keep the classroom clean.
→The classroom is always kept clean.
She told us to follow her instructions.
→We were told to follow her instructions.
注意：在see, watch, hear, notice, listen to, look at, make, feel等动词后作宾语补足语的动词不定式都不带 to，但改成被动语态后必须还原to。
We often hear him play the guitar.
→He is often heard to play the guitar.
5)当主动句的主语是nobody, no one等含有否定意义的不定代词时，被动句中将其变为anybody, 作by的宾语，并将谓语动词变为否定的被动语态。
Nobody can answer this question.
误：The question can be answered by nobody.
正：The question can not be answered by anybody.
6)当否定句中的宾语是anything, anybody, anyone等不定代词时，在被动句中应将其分别变为nothing, nobody, no one作主语，并将谓语动词变为肯定的被动语态。
They haven't done anything to make the river clean.
误：Anything hasn't been done to make the river clean.
正：Nothing has been done to make the river clean.
7)以who为主语开头的疑问句，变被动时，用by whom放在句首。
Who wrote the story?
误：Who was the story written?
正：By whom was the story written?
8)有些动词既是及物又是不及物，当它们和well, badly, easily等副词连用时，表示主语内在品质或性能，是不及物动词，用主动表示被动，这时不用被动语态，常见的有：write, read, clean, sell, wash, cook 等。
The cloth washes easily. 这布很好洗。
The new product sells well. 这新产品很畅销。
The books sell well. 这些书销量很好。
9)下列情况主动句不能改为被动句。
①感官系动词一般用主动形式表示被动意义，如：feel，look, seem, taste, sound。
— Do you like the material?
— Yes, it feels very soft.
②不及物动词没有被动语态，如：rise, happen, succeed, remain, lie等。
When we got to the top of the mountain, the sun had already risen.
After the earthquake, few houses remained.
③宾语是反身代词，相互代词，同源宾语，不定式，v-ing形式及抽象名词等，不能变为被动句子的主语。
I taught myself English.
误：Myself was taught English.
We love each other.
误：Each other is loved.
被动语态习题
考点点拨
英语中有些动词不表示动作，而是表示某种状态或情况，通常不用于被动语态，如cost, fit, last, own, fail等。
在主动语态中，hear, see, notice等感官动词和make, have, let等使役动词后跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，但在转换为被动语态时，该不定式前要加to。
某些感官动词加形容词可表被动意义，如：feel, look, smell, sound, taste等。
某些不及物动词后加副词，也可表被动意义，如：lock, open, read, sell, cut等。
含短语动词的被动语态，短语中的介词或副词不能丢掉。
把直接宾语改为被动语态的主语时，间接宾语前要加介词to / for。
不及物动词和不及物动词短语不能用于被动语态，如：appear, die, fall, happen, come out, take place等。
经典习题
1.—Wow, your silk dress looks so beautiful! How much is it?
—Well, it me $50.
A. cost
B. was cost
C. spent
D. was spent
2.—Sandy was made by some boys.
— Oh, sorry to hear that.
A. cry
B. to cry
C. cried
D. to crying
3.—These oranges look ugly, but they very sweet.
— If so, I’d like to buy some.
A. tasted
B. were tasted
C. taste
D. are tasted
4.—Don’t you like the car? It so well.
—I like it a lot, but I just can’t afford it.
A. sells
B. is sold
C. sold
D. was sold
5.As is known to all, the 2022 Winter Olympics in China.
A. took place
B. will take place
C. were taken place
D. will be taken place
参考答案：ABCAB
常见几种时态的被动语态练习
01
含情态动词的被动语态
讲一讲
含有情态动词的被动语态的结构为：情态动词+be+动词的过去分词 (+by+动作的执行者)。如：
Your homework should be finished before 9 pm.
The plant needn’t be watered every day.
Must the room be cleaned twice a day, Mom?
When can my computer be repaired, Mr. Wang?
表示被动意义的特殊结构：
1. read, ride, write, sell等作不及物动词时，常用主动形式表示被动意义。
2. look, smell, taste, feel, sound等表感觉的连系动词也常用主动形式表示被动意义。
练一练
一、用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。
1.Many more trees should (plant) in the town.
2.Must the work (finish) by 6:30 this afternoon?
3.—How often do I need to feed the dog?
—It must (give) food three times a day.
4.The stars can (see) clearly this evening.
5.Tables can (make) of stone or wood.
二、把下列句子改为含有被动语态的句子。
1.We should clean our teeth twice a day.
2.You must hand in your homework before class.
3.You can hang these old pictures in the living room.
4.Students can keep the dictionaries for three weeks.
5.We should make some rules to stop the kids from throwing rubbish.
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参考答案：
一、1.be planted
2.be finished
3.be given
4.be seen
5.be made
二、1.Our teeth should be cleaned twice a day.
2.Your homework must be handed in before class.
3.These old pictures can be hung in the living room.
4.The dictionaries can be kept for three weeks by students.
5.Some rules should be made to stop the kids from throwing rubbish.
02
一般现在时的被动语态
讲一讲
英语中有两种语态，即主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
▲ 一般现在时的被动语态结构为is / am / are +及物动词的过去分词 (+ by + 动作的执行者)，句中常含有often, usually, every day等时间状语。
▲ 在将主动语态变为被动语态时，可参考以下例句：
Jenny① cleans② the room③ every day.
→The room③ is cleaned② by Jenny① every day.
把主动句中的宾语③变为被动句中的主语;
把主动句中的谓语动词②(cleans)变为被动句中的谓语(is cleaned)。be的形式根据被动句中主语的人称和数以及原主动句中动词的时态来确定。
把主动句中的主语①放在介词by之后作宾语。主语若是代词，将主格改为宾格。在无须说明动作的执行者或需强调动作的承受者时，by短语可以省略。如：
People grow rice in the south of China. → Rice is grown in the south of China.
练一练
把下列句子改为含有被动语态的句子。
1.Some big boys often laugh at the little girl.
2.A lot of people speak Chinese around the world.
3.Millions of people enjoy the Great Wall.
4.My grandpa waters these flowers every morning.
5.Everyone considers Dora to be the best student in the class.
6.People use chopsticks for eating noodles in China.
7.The students always keep the classroom clean.
☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆
参考答案：
1.The little girl is often laughed at by some big boys.
2.Chinese is spoken by a lot of people around the world.
3.The Great Wall is enjoyed by millions of people.
4.These flowers are watered by my grandpa every morning.
5.Dora is considered to be the best student in the class.
6.Chopsticks are used for eating noodles in China.
7.The classroom is always kept clean by the students.
03
一般过去时的被动语态
讲一讲
一般过去时的被动语态结构为：was / were + 及物动词的过去分词 (+by+动作的执行者)。如：Three trees were watered by Alan yesterday.
将主动语态变为被动语态时，需注意以下几点：
有些动词如tell, give, send, lend, show, teach等后接双宾语，变为被动语态时，将间接宾语提前变为被动语态的主语，直接宾语不动;如果将直接宾语提前，则需要在间接宾语前加上to或for。如：
Mary gave Miss Lin a bunch of flowers.
→ Miss Lin was given a bunch of flowers by Mary.
→ A bunch of flowers was given to Miss Lin by Mary.
若动词后跟省去to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，在变为被动语态时应加上to。如：
We saw a stranger walk into the teacher’s office.
→ A stranger was seen to walk into the teacher’s office.
“动词+介词/副词”构成的短语动词，在变为被动语态时，需要保留后面的介词或副词。如：
The little girl took good care of her sick grandma.
→ The little girl’s sick grandma was taken good care of by her.
练一练
把下列句子改为含有被动语态的句子。
1.Alice sent me a postcard last week.
2.Mom asked Jack not to spend too much time on computer games.
3.The workers built the teaching building six years ago.
4.All the students talked about the project earlier this morning.
5.We heard Liu Feng read English books under the tree.
☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆
参考答案：
1.I was sent a postcard by Alice last week. / A postcard was sent to me by Alice last week.
2.Jack was asked not to spend too much time on computer games by Mom.
3.The teaching building was built by the workers six years ago.
4.The project was talked about by all the students earlier this morning.
5.Liu Feng was heard to read English books under the tree.
1.被动语态的构成
由于不及物动词不能带宾语，故无被动语态，只有及物动词或相当于及物动词的动词短语才有被动语态，其基本构成方式是“助动词be+过去分词”。
注意：“be+过去分词”结构不一定都是被动语态，有些动词(如 be，feel，look，seem等)后面的过去分词已转化为形容词，用作表语表示状态。如：
My bike is broken.(我的自行车坏了。)
The door is open.(门开了。)
2.主动语态改被动语态的方法
1)将主动语态改为被动语态应注意以下三个方面：①将主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语;②将主动语态的谓语动词改为“be+过去分词”结构;③将主动语态的主语改为介词by之后的宾语，放在谓语动词之后(有时可省略)。
2)含直接宾语和间接宾语的主动语态改为被动语态时有两种情况：①把间接宾语改为被动语态的主语，直接宾语仍保留原位;②把直接宾语改为主动语态的主语，此时，间接宾语前要加介词to或 for。如：
He gave the boy an apple.→ The boy was given an apple.(或An apple was given to the boy.)
Her father bought her a present.→ She was bought a present by her father.(或A present was bought for her by her father.)
3)不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的主动语态，改为被动语态时不定式前要加to。如：
They watched the children sing that morning.→ The children were watched to sing that morning.
4)带复合宾语的动词在改为被动语态时，一般把主动语态的宾语改为主语，宾语补足语在被动语态中作主语补足语。如：
We call him Xiao Wang.→ He is called Xiao Wang.
He cut his hair short.→ His hair was cut short.
They told him to help me.→ He was told to help me.
5)短语动词是不可分割的整体，改为被动语态时要保持其完整性，介词或副词不可遗漏。如：
We must take good care of the young trees.→The young trees must be taken good care of.
6)含有宾语从句的主动结构变为被动结构时，通常用it作为被动结构的先行主语，从句放在句子后面;也可采用另一种形式。可以这样转换为被动结构的动词有know，say，believe，find，think，report等。如：
People believe that he is ill.→It is believed that he is ill.(或：He is believed to be ill.)
3.被动语态改为主动语态的方法：
被动语态中介词by后的宾语改为主动语态中的主语(或按题意要求确定主语)，按照这个主语的人称和数以及原来的时态把谓语动词形式由被动语态改为主动语态。注意在主动语态中有的动词要求不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，此时要把被动语态中的to去掉。被动语态的主语用来作主动语态的宾语。如：
History is made by the people.→ The people make history.
4.双宾动词即指带双宾语的动词，它们在变为被动语态时，有以下两种情形值得注意：
(1) 有些双宾动词(如award, buy, give, leave, lend, offer, pay, show, teach, tell等)在变为被动语态时，既可把间接宾语(指人)变为被动语态的主语，而把直接宾语(指事物)保留下来(称为保留宾语)，也可把直接宾语(指事物)变为被动语态的主语，而把间接宾语改为介词to 或for引起的状语(到底用to还是for，与所搭配的动词有关)。比较：
He gave her some money. 他给她一些钱。
对应： She was given some money. / Some money was given to him.
He bought her a watch. 他给她买了一快表。
对应 A watch was bought for her. / She was bought a watch.
(2) 有些双宾动词(如bring, do, make, pass, sell, send, sing, write等)通常用直接宾语(指事物)作被动语态的主语，而将间接宾语用作保留宾语(其前根据情况用介词to或for)：
Father made me a doll.
对应： A doll was made for me.
He wrote her a letter.
对应： A letter was written to her.
(3) 有些双宾动词(如answer, deny, envy, refuse, save, spare等)通常用间接宾语(指人)作被动语态的主语，而将直接宾语用作保留宾语：
He answered me that question. 对应：
I was answered that question by him.
一般将来时的被动语态表示将来要发生的动作和存在的状况且主语是动作的承受者。由shall/will be+done构成。
【一般将来时态的被动语态的基本结构的构成】：
1、一般将来时态的被动语态的肯定式为：shall/will+be+done。(shall用于第一人称; will用于各种人称)
如：We shall be punished if we break the rule. 如果我们违反规定，我们将要受到惩罚。
The new film will be shown next Thursday. 这部新电影将在下周四上映。
2、一般将来时态的被动语态的否定式为：shall/will+not+be+done.(可缩写成shan't 或won't)
如：The meeting won't be held tomorrow. 明天不再举行会议。
The exhibition won't be put off till next week. 展览会将不会推迟到下周。
3、一般将来时态的被动语态的一般疑问句需将shall/will提到主语的前面。(回答用yes或no)
如：Won't water be turned into ice, if it is below freezing? 如果气温在冰点之下，水难道不会变成冰吗?
―Will the work be finished at once? 这项工作会立刻被完成吗?
―Yes, it will. ?是的，立刻就完成。
4、一般将来时态的被动语态的特殊疑问句为：疑问词+shall/will+sth.+be+done。
如：When will these books be published? 这些书将在什么时候被出版?
Whom will this book be written by? 谁来写这本书?
【一般将来时态的被动语态的其他结构构成】：
1、be going to be done：
如：Some old buildings are going to be put down. 一些旧的楼房将被推倒。
The problem isn't going to be discussed at the meeting tomorrow. 这个问题将不在明天的会议上被讨论。
―Are these trees going to be cut down?这些树将被砍倒吗?
―Yes，they are. 是的，将被砍倒
2、be to be done：
如：The sports meeting is to be held on April 10. 运动会将于四月十日举行。
The machines are not to be repaired tonight. 今晚将不会修理这些机器。
―Are new textbooks to be published next week?新教科书将在下周出版吗?
―No, they aren't. 不，不是。
一般将来时态的被动语态的用法：
1、一般将来时态的被动语态的同它的主动语态一样，强调表示根据计划或安排将要发生的被动性动作。
如：The new film will be shown next Thursday. 这部新电影将在下周四上映。
A lot of athletes will be invited to Beijing. 好多运动员将被邀请到北京来。
2、在时间、条件状语从句中，常用一般现在时的被动语态代替一般将来时的被动语态。
如：When the dam is completed, the Changjiang River will be controlled. 当大坝竣工时，长江将得到控制。
If I am given enough time, I will go to Japan for my holiday. 如果我有足够的时间，我将去日本度假。
3、表示有固定性条件就有规律性被动结果。
如：Heated to 100℃, water will be turned into steam. 加热到100度时，水将会变成蒸气。
If you speak in class, you will be punished. 如果你在课堂上讲话，你将会被惩罚。
被动语态
被动语态常跟的'介词：（以下面短语为例）
be made in + 地点 These watches are made in Shanghai.
be made of + 眼睛可以看出的原材料 This desk is made of wood. （仍能看出木头）
be made from +眼睛看不出的原材料 The paper is made from wood. （看不出木头）
be used for + 目的 English is often used for business. （用于商业目的）
This machine is used for cutting things. （用于切割东西）
be used as …被用来当作…… English is used as a foreign language in China.
be made by + 人 The model ship was made by Lily.
be filled with / be covered with是固定短语，分别译为“被充满了…”和“被覆盖着…”
The room is filled with smoke. This bag is filled with rice.
The ground is covered with snow. The hill is covered with trees.
通过上面对被动语态用法的学习，同学们对被动语态的知识可以很好的掌握了，希望同学们在考试中做的很好。
被动语态 be done
时态 主动语态 被动语态 例句 主动语态 被动语态 一般现在时 do/does Am/is /are done Cats eat fish. Fish are eaten by cats. 一般过去时 did Was/were done He made the kite. The kite was made by him. 现在进行时 am/is are doing Am/is/are being done She is watering flowers. Flowers are being watered by her. 过去进行时 Was/were doing Was/were beiing done She was writing a letter at this time yesterday. A letter was being written by her at this time yesterday. 现在完成时 have/has done Have/has been done I have finished the work. The work has been finished by me. 过去完成时 had done Had been done I had finished the work. The work had been finished by me. 一般将来时 Will/shall/be going to do Will/shall/be going to be done They will plant trees tomorrow. Trees will be planted by them tomorrow. 含有情态动词 can/may/must do can/may/must be done I can find him. He can be found by me.
英语语法经典例题800例：非谓语动词（例题1）
【导语】英语语法让很多学生都头疼，因为复杂难懂的句式和词组有时难以记忆。为大家整理了英语语法大全，希望对同学们的英语语法学习有所帮助。更多内容尽在。
1. Everyone in our class was working hard and doing what we could _______ a good college.
A. enter B. to enter
C. entering D. entered
【陷阱】容易误选A。有的同学一看到空格前的情态动词 could 就断定此处应填动词原形 enter。
【分析】其实正确答案应是B。此句为省略句，即在 could 后省略了动词 do，若把句子补完整应为Everyone in our class was working hard and doing what we could do to enter a good college。即句中的不定式短语(to enter a good college)是用作目的状语的，而不是与情态动词(could)一起构成谓语。请再看类似例句：
(1) They did what they could to comfort her. 他们尽量安慰她。
(2) They did everything they could to save her life. 他们尽一切力量拯救她的性命。
(3) He studies as hard as he could to catch up with his classmates. 他拼命学习以便赶上他的同学。
值得指出的是，这也并不是说今后只要遇到类似结构的题就一定选带to不定式。请看以下试题：
(4) He ran as fast as he could _____ to catch the early bus.
A. to hope B. hope
C. hoping D. hoped
此题的答案是 C不是A，其中的现在分词短语 hoping to catch the early bus 用作伴随状语。
(5) He spent every minute he could _____ spoken English.
A. practise B. to practise
C. practising D. practised
此题答案选 C，这与前面动词 spent 的搭配有关，即 spend … (in) doing sth。若将此句补充完整，即为 He spent every minute he could spend in practising spoken English.
(6) Before going abroad he devoted all he could ____D____ his oral English.
A. improve B. to improve
C. improving D. to improving
此题答案选D，注意两点：一是 devote … to … 是固定搭配，意为“把……贡献给……”;二是其中的 to 是介词，不是不定式符号，后接动词时要用动名词。
2. He knows nothing about it, so he can’t help _______ any of your work.
A. doing B. to do
C. being doing D. to be done
【陷阱】容易误选B，根据 can’t help doing sth 这一结构推出。
【分析】其实答案应选A。比较以下结构：
can’t help to do sth = 不能帮助做某事
can’t help doing sth = 禁不住做某事，情不自禁地做某事
又如下面一题，答案也是 B：
She can’t help ____ the house because she’s busy making a cake.
A cleaning B. to clean
C. cleaned D. being cleaned
再请看以下试题：
While shopping, people sometimes can’t help _____ into buying something they don’t really need.
A. to persuade B. persuading
C. being persuaded D. be persuaded
此题应选C，句中的 can’t help 意为“禁不住”(注意根据句意用被动形式)。
3. All her time _______ experiments, she has no time for films.
A. devoted to do B. devoted to doing
C. devoting to doing D. is devoted to doing
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】此题最佳答案为B。现分析如下：
(1) devote 意为“致力于，献身于”，主要用 devote…to…或be devoted to，其中的to 是介词，不是不定式符号，故后接动词时要用动名词，不用不定式。
(2) 选A错误：若将 do 改为 doing 则可以。
(3) 选B正确：all her time devoted to doing experiments为独立主格结构，用作状语。
(4) 选C错误：因为all her time 与 devote 为被动关系，故应将devoting改为devoted。
(5) 选D错误：若单独看 All her time is devoted to doing experiments，此句并没有错，但问题是逗号前后两个简单句没有必要的连接方式，所以从整体上看仍不对，假若在后一句的句首加上and或so，则可选D，或将D将中的is 改为 being也可选它。
英语语法经典例题800例：虚拟语气（例题）
【导语】英语语法让很多学生都头疼，因为复杂难懂的句式和词组有时难以记忆。为大家整理了英语语法大全，希望对同学们的英语语法学习有所帮助。更多内容尽在。
1. I forget where I read the article, or I _____ it to you now.
A. will show B. would show
C. am going to show D. am showing
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】正确答案选B。根据上文的语境可知句中的. or 隐含有一个虚拟的条件，即 or=if I didn’t forget where I read the article(要是我没忘记我在哪儿读过这篇文章的话――但事实上忘了)。
2. “It looks as if he were drunk.” “So it does. _____.”
A. He’d better give up drinking
B. He shouldn’t have drunk so much
C. Health is more important than drink
D. I wonder why he is always doing so
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选，主要是受句中 drunk 一词的影响。
【分析】最佳答案为D。关键信息是It looks as if he were drunk 中的虚拟语气，句子既然用了虚拟语气，也就是说，“他喝醉了”不是事实，只是他的言行好像是醉了，所以此题的最佳答案是D。
3. “Mary looks hot and dry” “So _____ you if you had so high a fever.”
A. do B. are
C. will D. would
【陷阱】容易误选A或C。选A者，认为前后两句的动词性质应一致;选C者，认为其后带有if 条件状语从句，从语气上看，主句应用将来时态。
【分析】此题最佳答案为D。分析如下：
(1) “so + 助动词 + 主语”是一个很有用的结构，它表示“……也一样”时。如：
He likes to watch TV, and so do I. 他喜欢看电视，我也一样。
When animals and plants disappear, so will man. 当动植物消失的时候，人类也会随之消失。
(2) 由于空格后的 if 条件状语从句的谓语用的是虚拟语气(这是很重要的信息)，所以主句要用 would 而不用 will，即答案应选D。
英语语法经典例题800例：强调句（例题）
【导语】英语语法让很多学生都头疼，因为复杂难懂的句式和词组有时难以记忆。为大家整理了英语语法大全，希望对同学们的英语语法学习有所帮助。更多内容尽在。
1. ____ that caused him to serve dinner an hour later than usual.
A. It was we being late B. It was our being late
C. It was we were too late D. It was because we were late
【陷阱】此题容易误选D，认为强调的是原因状语从句 because we were late。
【分析】但实际上，此题的答案为B，强调的是句子主语 our being late，此题若还原成非强调句，即为：
Our being late caused him to serve dinner an hour later than usual.
注意，强调句的一个显著特点是，若去掉强调结构 it is [was]… that…，句子仍然成立;换句话说，该结构中的 that 不能充当句子成分。
2. “How was ______ they discovered the entrance to the underground palace?” “Totally by chance.”
A. it that B. he that
C. it when D. he which
【陷阱】几个干扰项均可能误选。
【分析】答案选A，为强调句的特殊疑问句形式，其相应的陈述句形式为：
It was totally by chance that they discovered the entrance to the underground palace.
比较以下各题，它们也属强调句的特殊疑问句形式：
(1) Who was it _____ saved the drowning girl?
A. since B. as C. that D. he
答案选C，被强调成分为 who，该句实为类似 It was Tom that saved the drowning girl. 这类强调句的特殊疑问句形式(即对其中的Tom 提问而得)。
(2) What is it _____ his daughter needs most?
A. what B. which C. that D. if
答案选C，被强调成分为 what，该句实为类似 It is a bike that his daughter needs most. 这类强调句的特殊疑问句形式(即对其中的a bike 提问而得)。
3. _____ was very ______ that little Jim wrote the letter.
A. It, careful B. It, carefully
C. He, careful D. He, carefully
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选，但最有可能误选的可能是A，认为这是一个普通的系表结构，即认为第二空要填形容词作表语。
【分析】其实，此题是一个强调句，其非强调形式为 Little Jim wrote the letter very carefully. 若用 it is … that… 的强调句式强调其中的状语 very carefully 即为上面一题的题干，所以答案应选B。请看下面几例，也属强调结构：
(1) It was when she was about to go to bed ______ the telephone rang.
A. since B. as C. that D. then
答案选C，被强调成分为 when she was about to go to bed 这一时间状语从句。
(2) It may have been at Christmas _____ John gave Mary a handbag.
A. before B. who C. that D. when
答案选C，被强调成分为 at Christmas，其中的动词 be 采用了 may have been 这一较为复杂的形式。
4. “Where did you find the professor who made the speech yesterday?” “It was in the hall ______ the students
often have a meeting.”
A. where B. which
C. that D. when
【陷阱】很可能误选C，认为这是一个强调句，强调地点状语 in the hall。
【分析】假若选C，即有 It was in the hall that the students often have a meeting，该句的意思是“学生们通常是在
大厅开会”，单独看这一句，无论是其意思还是其语法均未错，但若将其与上文联系起来看，则不通，因为上文的意思是“你是在
哪儿找到昨天作报告的那位教授的?”假若将答句改为 It was in the hall that I found the professor，则完全可以。
其实，此题的最佳答案是A，where the students often have a meeting 为定语从句，用以修饰其前的名词 the hall，句意
为“是在学生们经常开会的那个大厅(找到教授的)”，这样语意就通顺了。
5. It was what he meant rather than what he said ______ annoyed me.
A. which B. as
C. what D. that
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】此题为一个强调句型，空格处应填 that (即选D)，被强调成分为 what he meant rather than what he said。句意
为“让我生气的不是他说的话，而是他话中的意思”。请再看两例：
(1) It was his nervousness in the interview ______ probably lost him the job.
A. which B. since C. that D. what
答案选C，为强调句型，被强调成分为 his nervousness in the interview，句意为“很可能是面试时表现出紧张，使他失去
了这份工作”。
(2) It is the ability to do the job ______ matters not where you come from or what you are.
A. one B. that C. what D. it
答案选B，为强调句型，被强调成分为 the ability to do the job，句意为“重要的是你做工作的能力，而不是你来自何地
或你是从事什么工作的”。
小升初英语语法总结-被动语态
《小升初英语语法总结――被动语态》由英语编辑整理,更多请访问:/english/。本内容整理时间为05月12日，如有任何问题请联系我们。
被动语态 be done
时态 主动语态 被动语态 例句 主动语态 被动语态 一般现在时 do/does Am/is /are done Cats eat fish. Fish are eaten by cats.
一般过去时 did Was/were done He made the kite. The kite was made by him.
现在进行时 am/is are doing Am/is/are being done She is watering flowers. Flowers are being watered by her.
过去进行时 Was/were doing Was/were beiing done She was writing a letter at this time yesterday. A letter was being written by her at this time yesterday.
现在完成时 have/has done Have/has been done I have finished the work. The work has been finished by me.
过去完成时 had done Had been done I had finished the work. The work had been finished by me.
一般将来时 Will/shall/be going to do Will/shall/be going to be done They will plant trees tomorrow. Trees will be planted by them tomorrow.
含有情态动词 can/may/must do can/may/must be done I can find him. He can be found by me.
★ 被动语态练习题
