下面是小编整理的英语“单项填空”解题技巧（共含6篇），欢迎大家阅读分享借鉴，希望对大家有所帮助。同时，但愿您也能像本文投稿人“菠菜菜”一样，积极向本站投稿分享好文章。
作者：张雪云
在中考试题中,“单项填空”已成为一种必考题型,由于它考查的重点是学过的语法知识和运用知识的能力,所以有不少同学在做这种题时,顾此失彼,得分不高。那么,如何提高解答这种题型的能力呢?这里向同学们介绍几种方法。
一、读懂全句,首尾照应。
例:You'd better ________ your English book with you when you come tomorrow.
A. take B. to take
C. bring D. to bring
有的同学由于受习惯的影响,刚看完了题干的前半部分,就想到了had better do sth.这一句型,于是就匆忙地选了A做答案。如果你将句子读完,把全句译为汉语:“你明天来的时候,最好把英语书带来。”全句读懂了,根据句意你就会排除A,而选C为答案了。
二、注意习惯用语,看清句意。
例1:I enjoy ________ in China very much.
A. live B. living
C. to live D. to be living
例2:―Hello, may I speak to Li Mei? ―Yes, ________ .
A. my name is Li Mei
B. I'm Li Mei
C. this is Li Mei speaking
D. Li Mei's my name
依据习惯用法,enjoy, finish等动词后跟(动)名词作宾语,而不能跟不定式,因而例1的正确答案为B。
例2根据所给的情景,我们可以看出这是打电话的开头语。按照打电话的习惯用语,此题应补上自我介绍的答语。故答案应选C。
三、排除干扰,认真分析。
答题时一定要认真审题,排除干扰,不要只根据表面形式,而轻易地选取答案。要仔细分析整个句子所要表达的真正内容,对答案进行逐个筛选,直到找出正确答案。
例:She was going to arrive in Shenyang ________ Tuesday, but she didn't reach Jinzhou ________ Wednesday.
A. on, on B. in, before
C. in, after D. on, until
有些同学一看题目就立刻选A做答案,其实只要我们具体分析一下,就不难看出后半句是not...until句式,所以此题答案应选D。
对于“单项填空”题应从习惯用语、固定句式、句意、语境、语法等方面进行推理、排除、选择。
总之,以上三种方法只是抛砖引玉,同学们在平时学习中应注意掌握语言基础知识和培养综合运用语言知识的能力,把主要精力放在语法知识的重点项目和我们学习中的难点,即容易忽视和混淆的地方。同时,用适当的精选练习题进行强化、检测和总结,那么“单项填空”题就会化难为易了。
例析:
1. The weather in China is different ________that in New Zealand.
A. to B. with C. from D. for
从句意可知该句考察习惯用语be different from“和……不同”,其它三个介词和different搭配都不恰当,因此答案应选C。
2. It took us two years ________ the house.
A. build B. built C. building D. to build
该题考查对固定句式It takes sb. some time to do sth.的掌握程度,答案应选D。
3. There isn’t ________ in today’s newspaper.
A. anything new B. new anything
C. something new D. new something
该句为否定句,C、D不能用在该句中,应先排除;形容词修饰复合不定代词,定语要后置,所以B也应排除,余下的A是正确答案。
4. We’ll go to the Great Wall if it ________ tomorrow.
A. won’t rain B. isn’t going to rain C. don’t rain D. doesn’t rain
因主句是一般将来时,if引导的条件状语从句要用一般现在时,便可把A和B排除,又因从句主语it是第三人称单数,从主谓一致考虑C不成立,故只有D是正确答案。
5. It takes ________ to go to Mongolia by air than by train.
A. more time B. much time C. little time D. less time
通读全句,见到表示比较的连词“than”,便知句意“坐飞机比坐火车花时间少”,因此答案应选D。
练习题:选择正确答案填空。
1. Don’t do that, ________ ?
A. can’t you B. will you C. won’t you D. can you
2. Could you tell me ________ ?
A. where is she B. she is where C. is she where D. where she is
3. He pointed to the building and said that ________ in Hong Kong.
A. that house was the oldest B. those house was the oldest
C. these houses were the oldest D. these house was the oldest
4. You can go home when your homework ________ .
A. will do B. is done C. will be done D. is going to be done
KEY: BDAB
题型特点
F由于命题目标明确、技巧性较强, 高考英语单项填空的命题历来受到高度重视。近年来
高考英语单项填空的命题又出现了如下的一些引人注意的新变化：
1. 指代内容模糊的it的命题
2. 现在分词用作状语, 而其逻辑主语模糊的命题
3. 倒叙式命题
4. But she promised!式的命题
5. 带有宾语复合结构的介词with的命题
6. not避免重复命题
7. 有Alice, you...加入的附加问句命题
8. 以及巧妙的命题get paid =get their pay
9. 词序命题
10. 动词进行时态的命题
11. 较难掌握的情态词命题
12. 新、巧的指代词命题等,这些命题现象的出现令人耳目一新。
例题分析
1（请点击答案与分析）
O状语从句例题
例题1. After the war, a new school building was put up there had once been a theatre.
A. that B. where C. which D. when
答案与分析:
答案: B，选项B `where'引出一个表地点的副词从句。
例题2. Why do you want a new job you've got a good one already?
A. that B. where C. which D. when
答案与分析:
答案: D，选项D“ when”引出一个时间状语从句。
O分词例题
例题3. When I got back home I saw a message pinned to the door “Sorry to miss you; will call later. ”
A. read B. reads C. to read D. reading
答案与分析:
答案: D，项D `reading'用作`message'的定语, 相当于`which read'; `read'一词意为`上面写着'。 类例: The ticket reads `From New York to Boston.'
例题4. in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.
A. Losing B. Having lost C. Lost D. To lose
答案与分析:
答案: C 分词构句意义上的主语必须与句子的主语相同, 为NMET单项填空常考试题。
O-ever从句例题
例题5. , Mother will wait for him to have dinner together.
A. However late is he B. However he is late
C. However is he late D. However late he is
答案与分析:
答案: D 选项D=No matter how late he is; 为一让步状语从句的用法。
例题6. It is generally considered unwise to give a child he or she wants.
A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever
答案与分析:
答案: B
(1) whatever =anything that (that引出形容词从句)
(2) whatever为复合关系代名词, 本身兼有先行词的功能。
(3) 复合关系代名词whatever引出的从句可在句中担任主语、表语和宾语。
O比较例题
例题7. Jimmy is the oldest boy and is taller than boy in the class.
A. the other B. any other C. each D. all
答案与分析:
答案: B
目较级应注意避免和包括自身的对象比。
┃any other + 单数名词
比较级 + than + ┃all other + 复数名词
┃anyone else
例题8. After the new technique was introduced, the factory produced tractors in 1988 as the year before .
A. as twice many B. as many twice C. twice as many D. twice many as
答案与分析:
答案C: 倍数 (three times) + as + adj.(adv.) + as]
O倒装例题
例题9. --John won first prize in the contest.
-- .
A. So he did B. So did he
C. So he did, too D. So did he, too
答案与分析:
答案: A
问答两句的主语是指同一人时, 简略附和语应采用 “so + 主语 + 动词”的形式, 表赞同。
i. --John studies French. ii. --You said it was good.
--So he does. --So I did
注意: so 用于倒装表添加与其用于句首表附和不同：
[so + 代名词(主语) + 助动词 / be 动词]
比较: --I must be going now.
--So must I.
--Tom is a very honest boy.
--So he is. (=Yes, that's right. He is very honest. he = Tom)
例题10. Only after liberation __ to be treated as human beings.
A. did they begin B. they had begun
C. they did begin D. had they begun
答案与分析:
答案: A
┃副词
only + ┃副词短语 + ┃助动词 + 主语
┃副词从句┃be动词
① Only then did I take pity on her.
② Only in the evening does the old man take a walk in the garden.
③ Only when one is away from home does one realize how nice home is.
④ Only by working hard can you succeed.
⑤ Only when you have lost something will you realize its value.
O不定式与动名词例题
例题11. I would appreciate back this afternoon.
A. you to call B. you call
C. your calling D. you're calling
答案与分析:
答案: C
下列动词或动词短语之后接用动名词, 不可接用不定式:
complete (完成) finish (完成) enjoy (非常喜欢) mind (反对)
practice (练习) resist (抵抗) can't help (情不自禁) put off (推迟)
get through (完成) burst out (突然) consider (认为) risk (冒险)
understand (了解) report (报告) excuse (原谅) delay (耽搁)
imagine (想象) miss (错过) prevent (阻挡) give up (放弃) suggest (建议)
例题12. We agreed here but so far she hasn't turned up yet.
A. having met B. meeting C. to meet D. to have met
答案与分析:
答案: C
只接用不定式的动词：agree/fail/arrange/decide/hope/expect/refuse/want/manage/ hurry/prepare/promise/pretend/think/wish
短文英语填空解题技巧
杨兴连
（重庆市武隆县鸭江中学）
短文填空是近年来许多省市英语中考中的测试题型，这类题型主要是要求学生在正确理解和把握文章的基础上通过分析完成空缺单词的一种考查形式。此题所涉及的知识面广，灵活性高，综合性也很强；题材广泛，有故事、文化、习俗、科普小品、体育等等。它不但考查了学生掌握词汇的程度，又考查了学生综合运用所学知识的实际能力，既考查了学生对语法、词汇、习惯用语、句型搭配等短语的运用能力，又考查了学生阅读短文的能力。由于这类题涉及面广，难度较大，学生失分率高，此题全面反映了学生英语的综合能力。因此，如何指导学生科学、得法、高效地完成好短文，是学生在中考中能否取得良好的成绩关键，是每一位初中英语教师的核心工作。下面谈谈解答技巧：
Firstly，skim the passage and find the main idea.
要带空阅读，把握大意（故事主人公、故事的梗概、故事中蕴含的哲理）。快速地阅读全文，从整体上了解大意。如果是故事性的文章就要抓住其所涉及的时间、地点、人物、事件、事件的起因及结果。快速阅读时不要在某一个句子上纠结，要注意关键词，这些词在文中发挥着至关重要的作用。
Secondly，read it carefully and determine the meaning and the right form of each blank.
逐字逐句理解全文，初步根据上下文的'内容来确定所需的词；再根据语法，判定词性；重视首尾句：首句可能为文章提供重要信息，尾句往往是段落的灵魂，首尾句都可能是段落的主题句；再利用语境，确定词形。当确定了一个单词的词性后可通过上下文来帮助判断其形式。如动词的人称数、时态、语态、不定式、动词的-ing形式；名词的数和所有格；代词的各种形式（主格、宾格、单数、复数、名词性物主代词、形容词性物主代词）；要注意一般的空缺都可以通过其所在的句式结构和句法成分来判断其词性，进一步缩小词的选择范围，从而正确地选词。选词时要注意以下几个方面入手：
1.各种固定搭配（Set Phrases，collocation）来确定
选项
如：（1）One day I had a big fight with one of my classmates. I was so angry____I hit him in the face.（，重庆中考）此题型考了搭配so … that
（2）You also need to take notes in class, because it can ____it easier for you to learn well. （，重庆中考）此题型考了make+宾语+形容词作宾补的作法。
2.根据上下文（collocation）来确定选项
People in many countries are learning1.Some of them are little children，some are teenagers，and others are adults. 2.do all these people want to learn English？It is easy to answer this question. Many boys and girls learn English at school because it is one of their …根据上下文确定答案为English; Why; subjects
3.动词（v.）的用法、时态（tense）及语态（voice）、主句与从句的语态及主谓一致等方面
Last summer，15-year-old Bob 1 a problem.Like a lot of children，Bob 2 interested in doing many things. He 3 dancing most and wanted to join a dancing group. But Bob’s high school 4have a boys’ dancing group but a girls’ group. He tried to join the girls’ group. But he wasn’t 5to stay in the girls’ group.
第一个词Last summer就选定了时态，整段话的时态都是一般过去时态，第5个空（allowed）就是一般过去时的被动语态。
填完每一个空格后，将答案代入短文，根据上下文的提示、结合英美人的习惯表达通读全文，理解全文大意，看语法上有无毛病，意思是否连贯来确定所填词汇是否正确。
参考文献：
龚正红。中考动词填空解题技巧与应对策略［J］。考试，（09）。
命题的特点
高考英语强调语言功能的语境设计，即把语言的结构考查放在具体的语境中。充分体现语言的应用性交际性。“单项填空题的绝大部分都有明确的语境设置。几乎没有单靠记忆语法规则或词汇知识就能够做出正确选项的试题。
语境设计分析：
一 、注意时间空间因素
例1．( - 24)
-Hey, look where you are going!
-Oh, I’m terribly sorry. ___________.
A. I’m not noticing. B. I wasn’t noticing.
C. I haven’t noticed. D. I don’t notice.
注解：你提醒我（失误）时，我才意识到那时没注意到你。用过去进行时。答案：A。
例2.( - 20)
-How are you today?
-Oh, I ______ as ill as I do now for a very long time.
A. didn’t feel B. wasn’t feeling
C. don’t feel D. haven’t felt
注解：很长时间我都没有感到病得像现在这样厉害。用现在完成时。答案：D。
例3. (2000 –13)
-You’ve left the light on.
-Oh, so I have. _____ and turn it off.
A. I’ll go B. I’ve gone C. I go D. I’m going
注解：灯现在还亮着， 我马上就去关灯。用将来时。答案：A。
例4．( – 24)
Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology ___ so rapidly.
A. is changing B. has changed C. will have changed D. will change
注解：挑选买一部移动电话真不易，以为科技发展正飞速发展。用现在进行时。答案：A。
例5． ( - 23)
-You haven’t said a word about my new coat, Brends. Do you like it?
-I’m sorry I _____ anything about it sooner. I certainly think it’s pretty on you.
A.wasn’t saying B. don’t say C. won’t say D. didn’t say
注解：关键词是sooner：“提早，抢先”的意思。我很抱歉刚才还没有来得及说。用过去时。答案：D。
二、注意联系对比因素
例1．(2000 - 11)
It’s always difficult being in a foreign country, ______ if you don’t speak the language.
A. extremely B. naturally C. basically D. especially
注解：“尤其” 是不会说外语，生活在国外是很难的。
例2．(2000 - 17)
Dorothy was always speak highly of her role in the play, _____, of course, made the others unhappy.
A. who B. which C. this D. what.
注解：依结构和意义， 此处要用非限定性定语从句。而of course 的插入可能成为干扰项。答案为：B。
例3. (2001 - 25)
The Parkers bought a new house but _____ will need a lot of work before they can move in.
A. they B. it C. one D. which
注解：要判明上下文的逻辑关系进行对比分析： 即a new house 指的是it;而不是The Parkers(they)；若没有but， 可选择which构成定语从句。答案为：B。
例4. (2001 - 33)
I was really anxious about you . You _____ home without a word.
A.mustn’t leave B. shouldn’t have left C. couldn’t have left D. needn’t leave
注解：我过去真的很为你担心，你那时本不应该一句话不说就离开家。答案为：B。（shouldn’t have done 表示“过去不该做”）
例5． (2002 - 25)
-Is John coming by train?
-He should, but he ______not. He likes driving his car.
A. must B. can C. need D. may
注解：在特定的情景中，使用情态动词；-是否坐火车来？-应该是，但他喜欢开车，也许就不坐火车了。因此答案为：D。
例6． (2002 - 35)
Meeting my uncle after these years was an unforgettable moment, _____I will always treasure.
A. that B. one C. it D. what
译文：“这么多年后见到叔叔是一个很难忘的时刻，我非常珍惜这一时刻。”
注解：在结构认知上，考生，若填which，可构成非限定定语从句。多用句点或and连接起来， 让that 或it做treasure的宾语。该题的正确选项为one，one作为an unforgettable moment 的同位语；I will always treasure则作定语从句修饰one；关系代词that省去。
三、交际口语因素
例1． (2000 - 6)
-What about having a drink?
- _______.
A. Good idea B. Help yourself C. Go ahead, please D. Me, too
注解：作为征求对方意见的口气：喝一杯好吗？回答应该是“好主意”。
例2． (2001 - 21)
-Good morning, Grand Hotel.
-Hello, I’d like to book a room for the nights of the18th and 19th.
- ___________________.
A.What an I do for you B. Just a minute , please
C.What’s the matter D. At your service
注解：对话情景是要向宾馆预定18,19两晚的房间；回答应该是请稍后，而不可能是其他情景下的答语。干扰项是D。At your service.意思是随时为您服务。
干扰因素的命题设计
一 、 结构上的干扰
例1． (2002 - 24)
The mother didn’t know ____ to blame for the broken glass as it happened while she was out.
A. who B. when C. how D. what
注解： as it happened 给考生造成干扰。译文： 玻璃杯打碎时母亲不在家，所以她不知道谴责谁。主要看空缺词后面的 “to blame”，从句意中理解所指的是谴责的对象，而不是指时间、如何、内容。答案为：A。
例2． (2002 - 34)
The research is so designed that once ____ nothing can be done to change it.
A. begins B. having begun C. beginning D. begun
译文：这项研究就这样定下了，一旦开始就无法改变。
注解：从结构看，该句有从句、被动、省略，增加了理解的难度。实际上可以将once begun 视为一固定表达，该句展开就是：Once it has begun, nothing can be done to change it. Once begun 是“一旦开始”的意思。又如：
Once done, we won’t regret doing so.
Once elected, he will move forward swiftly to set a new club.
例3． （2000 - 22）
The manager discussed the plan that they would like to see _____ the next year.
A. carry out B. carrying out C. carried out D. to carry out
注解：过去分词在句中做see的宾语补足语，the plan 在句中是定语从句的先行词,在定语从句that they would like to see中做宾语。此句还原为：they would like to see the plan carried out 答案为：C。
二、意义理解上的干扰
例1．（2000 - 23）
-Why don’t we take a little break?
-Didn’t we just have______?
A. it B. that C. one D. this
注解：
理解语意：“我们为什么不休息一会儿？” “我们刚才不是休息过了吗？”
考查one 作为代词，代替 a little break。
例2. (2001 - 26)
We didn’t plan our art exhibition like that but it ______very well.
A.worked out B. tried out C. went on D. carried out
注解：work out 表示预期的结果。
I hope that the plan works out satisfactorily.
我希望那计划有令人满意的预期结果。
tried out :‘彻底实验’ ‘试出’；
went on: ‘继续’；
carried on:‘经营’、‘继续’ ;
work out 一般与plan 搭配。
要根据语篇中的不同情景，不断积累，进行词汇扩展， 熟记延伸常用解释；例如：
（1）Do you know how to work out the maths problem ? (算出)
（2）We have worked out a plan. (设计)
（3）That coal-miner will be worked out in two years. (开采完、耗尽)
三、思维定式上的干扰
例1. (2001 - 27)
The home improvements have taken what little there is ____ my spare time.
A. from B. in C. of D. at
译文：装修家室用去了我仅有的时间。
注解：定势干扰项：in my spare time
干扰结构是：what little / there is
去掉文中的 what , there is 的干扰，可看出原句there is a little of my spare time；
have taken 后的受词what引导的是宾语从句， what little 取代a little 。
what little 表示仅有的一点(时间)
例2. (2002 - 22)
Excuse me for breaking in, ____I have some news for you.
A. so B. and C. but D. yet
译文：对不起我闯进来是有你的消息告诉你。
注解：定势干扰项可能为and，受汉语“和”、“而”的意思干扰。此题所设情景：after apologizing for what you’re about to say (用在致歉语后），要用but。
练习
① Man seems to be reaching a point he has always dreamed of, _____ he will be the master of the world around him.
A. when B. which C. that D. what
②Andrew had a warm desire _____ the conversation might continue.
A. when B. which C. that D. what................(keys: ①A ②C)
③The accident is _____ fresh in my memory than when it happened.
A. little B. more C. no less D. without
这件事故我记忆忧新。
④It is a fact ____ different foods release their energy at different speed.
A. which B. that C. when D. where
事实是不同的事物以不同的速度释放能量。..............(keys: ③C ④B)
⑤There is a difference ____ only 10 o C between winter and summer.
A. in B. at C. of D. with
冬天和夏天只差10度。
⑥The internet brings people closer ___ around the world.
A. with B. from C. on D. through ..............(keys: ⑤C ⑥B)
⑦Niagara Falls is _____ the border between New York and Canada.
A. at B. in C. to D. on
尼亚加拉瀑布位于纽约和加拿大之间。
⑧Enough has been said ___ the matter.
A. through B. on C. in D. with
关于此事说得已经够多了。..........................(keys: ⑦D ⑧B)
⑨I am curious to know what there is _____those hills.
A. over B. on C. beyond D. at
我极想知道山外的情况。
⑩ ____ you give it an inch, it will take a mile.
A. If B. Although C. In case D. As long as
得寸进尺。.....................................（keys: ⑨C ⑩A)
⑾Courage is doing what you have to do _____ you are afraid.
A. In case B. even though C. as long as D. if
勇气和胆量就是你必须去做即使你认为做不到的事使之成为可能。
⑿Many, many times I thought about my last conversation with my father,____he was dying of cancer.
A. when B. how C. why D. since ..............(keys: ⑾B ⑿A)
⒀ Citizenship is the chance to ____ a difference to the place where you belong.
A. take B.make C. get D. tell
公民身份是你在异地所取得的居住资格。
⒁ What happens in the world makes us happy and sad ____.
A. by turns B. in deed C. in luck D. at once
世界的事情喜悲交替。............................(keys: ⒀B ⒁A)
⒂Wages are low ____ the cost of living.
A.because of B. as a result of C. in relation to D.according to
⒃I love the challenge of doing things people say _____.
A. must do B. needn’t be done C. should do D. cannot be done
我喜欢挑战人们说不能做的事情。...................(keys: ⒂C ⒃D)
⒄The holder of ____ title is still ____ mystery.
A. the; the B. a; a C. a; the D. the; a
谁是犯案还是个谜。
⒅–What’s the matter?Why do you look so sad?
-I ____about all the mistakes I’ve made in my life.
A. was just thinking B. thought C. have been thinking D. am thinking
................................................(keys: ⒄D ⒅A)
⒆ ____ all the possibilities, I really believe that I’d prefer to make any change now.
A. Considering B. Considered C. To consider D. Consider
⒇ ____, both sides politely exchanged the telephone numbers and cards rather than quarrelling with each other.
A. Fortunately B. Immediately C. Probably D. Unexpectedly .....(keys: ⒆A ⒇D)
高考英语NMET单项填空命题特点、解题技巧与模拟训练
[作者] 孙锋
[内容]
单项填空容量大、考查的知识范围广。因此，它是任何学科任何一种考查或
考试中倍受青睐也是不可缺少 的题型之一。高考英语NMET单项填空B部分为
20个小题，内容涉及到中学英语课本（初中6册，高中3册）许许多 多方面的
问题，既有基础题，也有拉距离的题。一般来说，在做单项填空时要注意读懂题
干的意思，弄清命题 者要考查我们哪些方面的知识，切忌不认真读题干就盲目
地拿起来不加思索地选；其次要注意做题方法，要特 别注意空格前后词与词之
间的关系及要填的空在题干中的作用，然后认真分析，对比所供四个选项的.区别
与联 系，逐一比较排斥；最后注意做完后要认真复查核对，将所选的一项放到
题干中再去检验，看意思、语法和习惯搭配上是否有疏忽，发现错误及时更正。
纵观历届高考英语题，我们不难发现：单项填空按其类别分有以下四大类，
即：语法题、习语及惯用法搭 配题、词语辨析题和情景交际题。下面笔者就分
别进行举例和分析，希望能对大家有所裨益。
语法题：就中学所学的语法知识进行考查，既可能对语法概念理解和运用上
的考查，也可能对语法结构形 式上进行考查。从近几年的高考试题来看，单一
考查语法的题越来越少，而是将语法考查放在一定的语境中考 查，而且在同一
题中考查两个或两个以上的语法项目，以突出考查学生实际运用语言的能力。因
[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6]
高考英语NMET单项填空命题特点、解题技巧与模拟训练
[作者] 孙锋
[内容]
单项填空容量大、考查的知识范围广。因此，它是任何学科任何一种考查或
考试中倍受青睐也是不可缺少 的题型之一。高考英语NMET单项填空B部分为
20个小题，内容涉及到中学英语课本（初中6册，高中3册）许许多 多方面的
问题，既有基础题，也有拉距离的题。一般来说，在做单项填空时要注意读懂题
干的意思，弄清命题 者要考查我们哪些方面的知识，切忌不认真读题干就盲目
地拿起来不加思索地选；其次要注意做题方法，要特 别注意空格前后词与词之
间的关系及要填的空在题干中的作用，然后认真分析，对比所供四个选项的区别
与联 系，逐一比较排斥；最后注意做完后要认真复查核对，将所选的一项放到
题干中再去检验，看意思、语法和习惯搭配上是否有疏忽，发现错误及时更正。
纵观历届高考英语题，我们不难发现：单项填空按其类别分有以下四大类，
即：语法题、习语及惯用法搭 配题、词语辨析题和情景交际题。下面笔者就分
别进行举例和分析，希望能对大家有所裨益。
语法题：就中学所学的语法知识进行考查，既可能对语法概念理解和运用上
的考查，也可能对语法结构形 式上进行考查。从近几年的高考试题来看，单一
考查语法的题越来越少，而是将语法考查放在一定的语境中考 查，而且在同一
题中考查两个或两个以上的语法项目，以突出考查学生实际运用语言的能力。因
此，我们一定 要掌握语法的一般规则、概念、构成形式，灵活运用，同时要注
意少数例外的情况，特别要注意上下文，瞻前 顾后。'96NMET试题中考查语法
的题有：6，7，8，11，12，13，14，16，17，19，20，22，23，25。内容涉及 到：
词性、时态、不定代词、反身代词、关系副词、比较级、冠词、主谓一致、虚拟
语气、名词性从句、分词 。再看以下试题和分析：
1)―Have all the students in your class seen the film?
―Only twenty of them have while______haven't.
A．other B．the other
C．others D．the others
2)The manager told us______had happened in the shop.
A．all B．all that
C．all what D．all which
3)Not even one of the hundred students who took the test ______passed.
A．has B．have
C．is D．are
4)The wheel is thought to be______invention of the firstimportance
in______human history.
A．an;the B．an;不填
C．the;the D．the;不填
5)―You missed a good chance.
―Yes.I______that job when it was offered.
A．should take B．should have taken
C．must take D．must have taken
1)（答案为D）代词问题。思路：因为while从句中的谓语动词是haven't ，
所以其主语必须用复数形式， the other（两者中的另一个）即可排除；other
是个形容词，更应排除；另外，从上下文看，除twenty以外的 “其他人”是特
指，the others=the other students，正合题意，others为泛指，不合题意。
2)（答案为B）定语从句问题。思路：从上半句看，The managertold us all
可以成立，但下半句缺少一个 主语，而all这个代词不能担此重任，所以须用
一个关系代词来引导一个定语从句；另外，如先行词为all，必 须用关系代词
that，而不能用which；再者，what=thething that，是个关联词，可单独用于
此句中，引导一个 宾语从句，即：The manager told us what had happened in
the shop.与all用法相似的还有anything，eve rything，nothing和something
等不定代词。
3)（答案为A）主谓一致问题。思路：尽管句子中有the hundredstudents
（百名学生），但句子的真正主 语（中心词）是not even one（甚至无一人），
因而谓语动词须用单数形式。另外，表示“学生通过考试”， 要用主动语态，
因而C和D均不合题意。对策：解答此类题时，一定要抓住真正的主语（中心词）。
4)（答案为B）冠词问题。说明：冠词与名词连用时，其中不定冠词a/an
表示泛指，指同类人或物中的任何 一个，与单数可数名词连用；而定冠词the
则表示特指，指作者或谈话者心目中已知的人或物，根据需要与任何 名词都可
连用。本句题意：轮子是人类历史上最重要的一项发明（发明之一），因而用不
定冠词an，另外，hi story泛指“历史”是个不可数名词，前面一般不加冠词。
5)（答案为B）情态动词问题。本题上文说：你错过了一个好机会。下文说：
是的。当他们提供那份工作时 ，我本该接受的.。说明：英语中表示“该做而没
有做某事”用should/ought to have done sth.；而表示“不 该做却做了某事”
用shouldn't/ oughtn't to have done sth.；should/ought to do sth.只能
表示现在或将 来。must do表示对现在的推测；must have done sth.表示说话
者对过去已发生事情的推断或猜测（用于肯定 句中）。
习语及惯用法搭配题：就中学所学的词或词组的习惯用法和搭配进行考查，
既可能对一些死的不能改变的 固定搭配和用法进行考查，也可能对一些较灵活
的搭配和用法进行考查，做题时，一定要注意特定的语境，如 '96NMET中的10，
15，18，24题，再看以下试题和分析：
1)―Can't you______here a Iittle Ionger?
―No.My parents expect______home early.
A.remain;my coming
B.remain;me to come
C.stay;my coming
D.stay;me to come
2)On
[1] [2] 下一页
my way home,I______at my brother's house.A.came in B.went in
C.got in D.dropped in
3)―Her schoolbag is______mine.
―That's why I cannot tell them apart most of the time.
A.same as B.the same as
C.as same as D.the same like
4)The doctor told me that she______
A.was still dangerous
B.was still a danger
C.was still in danger
D.was still in the danger
5)But David's biggest headache is______with his money.
A.to do B.what to do
C.how to do D.how he should do
1)（答案为D）辨析：首先必须弄清楚stay与remain在含义上的区别：两
者除都有“逗留”的意思外，sta y还独有“作客”之内涵。说明：expect sb.to
do sth.（期待某人做某事），是该动词的一个正确搭配。与此 类似的动词还有：
ask,tell,get,allow,permit,forbid,force,encourage,persuade,would
like,call on等。
2)（答案为D）说明：drop in是个英语习语，表示“顺便拜访”的意思。
注意其搭配为：drop in at a p lace;drop in on sb.。
3)（答案为B）说明：the same as是个固定搭配，不可随意更变。
4)（答案为C）本题句意为：医生告诉我她仍处危险中。思路：(be)in danger
（处于危险中）是个习惯用 语，正合题意。She isdangerous/ a danger.都表
示“她是个有威胁的危险人物”，这与题意相差甚远。
5)（答案为B）本题句意为：大卫感到最头疼的是如何处理那笔钱。说明：
表示“如何处理”有两种常用的 说法：What to do with...以及How to deal
with...。由此看来，学英语既要学死，也要学活，注意灵活运用 语言。
词语辨析题：就中学课本中一些常用词或词组的相似或相近、相同的词语进
行考查，做题时注意从以下四 个方面进行辨析：a.词义不同；b.用法、搭配有
别；c.感情色彩各异；d.文体特点（正式与非正式，口语与笔 语）。要特别注意
常用名词、代词、动词及词组、介词和连词的同义词区别，如'96NMET中的7，
10，22，25题 ，再看以下试题和分析：
1)Mr Johnson is______respected by all his students.
A.very B.much C.more D.rather
2)We think it necessary to prevent sound______as it isgetting more
and more serious.
A.position B.pollution
C.invention D.condition
3)You're so
上一页 [1] [2]
★ 职称英语解题技巧
