以下是小编整理的考研英语阅读理解重要连接词（共含7篇），欢迎阅读分享，希望对大家有帮助。同时，但愿您也能像本文投稿人“XLTOOL”一样，积极向本站投稿分享好文章。
考研英语阅读理解重要连接词
1.并列与递进
and， or， also，neither…nor…，either…or…， like， likewise，
similarly， equally， in the sameway， in a like manner， that isto say， too， both， each， also， as wellas， the same …as， in fact， compared with， in common， besides，
additionally， for one thing，
for another; one， the other; first of all/ to beginwith/first/firstly; second/secondly/next; furthermore/moreover/beyondthat/besides/in addition/what is more/also; finally。
2.转折与让步
but， however， yet， onthe contrary， by contrast，
unfortunately， while， whereas， unlike， conversely，
nor， otherwise， rather， rather than， although， though， even though， even if， nevertheless， nonetheless， despite， in spite of ， different from， in contrast (with/to)， instead (of)， the opposite (of)。
3.因果
because， for， since， as， thus， hence，
therefore， so， so…that， so…as to， consequently， in consequence of， as a consequence， accordingly， due to， thanks to，
as a result， because of， inthat， for this reason， owing to， seeing that， the reason why…， result in， result from， lead to， to have an effect on， in this way， on account of， on the ground of， of course。
4.例证
such as， for example， for instance， of(these， those，
them)， among(these， those， them)， to illustrate， as an illustration， one example is， to take an example， more specificallyspeaking， a case in point，
namely， incidentally， that is。
5.分总
generally speaking， generally， as a general rule， in general， on a larger scale， to take the idea further， to take the aboveopinion to an extreme， in a sense， in one sense， in a way， to some extent， in my opinion， in my view， as for me， as far as I am concerned， obviously， undoubtedly， in terms of， in a word， on the whole， to conclude， to sum up， in summary， to summarize， in short， in brief，
to be brief， on the whole， inconclusion， as has been pointed out， to repeat， as I have said above， once again， after all， in fact， above all，
surely， most important of all，
in such cases
以上五点是考研英语阅读冲刺复习当中至关重要的.内容，希望大家在最后的复习阶段认真利用好以上的复习原则和规律，有效提高考试成绩!
考研英语阅读理解：反馈比做题更重要
相信大多数同学已经对基础知识的复习已经有了一个很好的成果。在此提醒考生，此阶段大家应该把注意力转向总体机构知识的记忆加强和真题研究上来，对于考研英语中的难点阅读理解来说也是如此。大家在做题时一定不能只知道蒙头做题，更重要的是要懂得一个道理，那就是反馈比做题更为重要。
学习经验并且吸收经验
你反馈的效果怎样直接决定了你是否能牢固掌握知识点，逐渐提升阅读的能力。首先回到文章，把文章再彻底精读一遍，剔除文章中出现的生词以及难以理解的句意;其次，注意文章的篇章结构，包括段落的层次以及各段间的衔接;再次，抓住文章的中心意思，尤其注意各段的核心内容。试想，如果你在阅读英文文章时能达到像对汉语文章的理解那样驾轻就熟，还能做不对题目嘛?最后，回到题目，结合给出的正确答案，分析每道题目的考查特点，找到在文章对应的'相关内容，体会运用哪种解题技巧可多快好省的找到正确答案，在这个过程中也是对老师所经解题方法的验证和吸收。学习经验并且吸收经验才能完成整个学习的过程，吸收消化的过程换句话说就是大家通过练习找到做题的诀窍，或者说题感的过程。
突破长难句
考研英语阅读理解 反馈比做题更重要
相信大多数同学已经对基础知识的复习已经有了一个很好的成果。在此提醒考生，此阶段大家应该把注意力转向总体机构知识的记忆加强和真题研究上来，对于考研英语中的难点阅读理解来说也是如此。大家在做题时一定不能只知道蒙头做题，更重要的是要懂得一个道理，那就是反馈比做题更为重要。
学习经验并且吸收经验
你反馈的效果怎样直接决定了你是否能牢固掌握知识点，逐渐提升阅读的能力。首先回到文章，把文章再彻底精读一遍，剔除文章中出现的生词以及难以理解的句意；其次，注意文章的篇章结构，包括段落的.层次以及各段间的衔接；再次，抓住文章的中心意思，尤其注意各段的核心内容。试想，如果你在阅读英文文章时能达到像对汉语文章的理解那样驾轻就熟，还能做不对题目嘛？最后，回到题目，结合给出的正确答案，分析每道题目的考查特点，找到在文章对应的相关内容，体会运用哪种解题技巧可多快好省的找到正确答案，在这个过程中也是对老师所经解题方法的验证和吸收。学习经验并且吸收经验才能完成整个学习的过程，吸收消化的过程换句话说就是大家通过练习找到做题的诀窍，或者说题感的过程。
突破长难句
阅读理解中最大的难点就是长难句了。其实，所谓的长难句其实并不难，它们基本上是由少数几个常见的句型或固定搭配连接而成的。对于绝大部分考生来说，由于自身心态问题，以至于对长句产生恐惧，他们看到字数多一点的句子就不知所措。实际上，我们只需冷静头脑，从容应对，读懂这些句子是不会有问题的。几乎每一篇阅读，总有一两句长难句。有许多同学这样分析那样分析，可就分析不出什么名堂。听力好的同学不一定发音好，可发音好的同学一定听力好。同样，能写出长难句的人当然不会怕什么长难句。建议同学们，应当做的是找一本好的语法书，认认真真学习句子结构那部分。英语的句子主干往往并不复杂，只是其粘着修饰成分过多。我们一开始应当学会如何写出简单的基本句型，然后再通过附加各种从句、插入语、非谓语形式，来逐步扩充句子结构。
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考研英语阅读需注连接词
1.并列与递进
and, or, also，neither…nor…,either…or…, like, likewise, similarly, equally, in the same way, in a like manner, that is to say, too, both, each, also, as well as, the same …as, in fact, compared with, in common, besides, additionally, for one thing, for another; one, the other; first of all/ to begin with/first/firstly; second/secondly/next; furthermore/moreover/beyond that/besides/in addition/what is more/also; finally.
2.转折与让步
but, however, yet, on the contrary, by contrast, unfortunately, while, whereas, unlike, conversely, nor, otherwise, rather, rather than, although, though, even though, even if, nevertheless, nonetheless, despite, in spite of , different from, in contrast (with/to), instead (of), the opposite (of).
3.因果
because, for, since, as, thus, hence, therefore, so, so…that, so…as to, consequently, in consequence of, as a consequence, accordingly, due to, thanks to, as a result, because of, in that, for this reason, owing to, seeing that, the reason why…, result in, result from, lead to, to have an effect on, in this way, on account of, on the ground of, of course.
4.例证
such as, for example, for instance, of(these, those, them), among(these, those, them), to illustrate, as an illustration, one example is, to take an example, more specifically speaking, a case in point, namely, incidentally, that is.
5.分总
generally speaking, generally, as a general rule, in general, on a larger scale, to take the idea further, to take the above opinion to an extreme, in a sense, in one sense, in a way, to some extent, in my opinion, in my view, as for me, as far as I am concerned, obviously, undoubtedly, in terms of, in a word, on the whole, to conclude, to sum up, in summary, to summarize, in short, in brief, to be brief, on the whole, in conclusion, as has been pointed out, to repeat, as I have said above, once again, after all, in fact, above all, surely, most important of all, in such cases
(考研 )考研英语阅读需要注意的连接词
1.并列与递进
and, or, also，neither…nor…,either…or…, like, likewise, similarly, equally, in the same way, in a like manner, that is to say, too, both, each, also, as well as, the same …as, in fact, compared with, in common, besides, additionally, for one thing, for another; one, the other; first of all/ to begin with/first/firstly; second/secondly/next; furthermore/moreover/beyond that/besides/in addition/what is more/also; finally.
2.转折与让步
but, however, yet, on the contrary, by contrast, unfortunately, while, whereas, unlike, conversely, nor, otherwise, rather, rather than, although, though, even though, even if, nevertheless, nonetheless, despite, in spite of , different from, in contrast (with/to), instead (of), the opposite (of).
3.因果
because, for, since, as, thus, hence, therefore, so, so…that, so…as to, consequently, in consequence of, as a consequence, accordingly, due to, thanks to, as a result, because of, in that, for this reason, owing to, seeing that, the reason why…, result in, result from, lead to, to have an effect on, in this way, on account of, on the ground of, of course.
4.例证
such as, for example, for instance, of(these, those, them), among(these, those, them), to illustrate, as an illustration, one example is, to take an example, more specifically speaking, a case in point, namely, incidentally, that is.
5.分总
generally speaking, generally, as a general rule, in general, on a larger scale, to take the idea further, to take the above opinion to an extreme, in a sense, in one sense, in a way, to some extent, in my opinion, in my view, as for me, as far as I am concerned, obviously, undoubtedly, in terms of, in a word, on the whole, to conclude, to sum up, in summary, to summarize, in short, in brief, to be brief, on the whole, in conclusion, as has been pointed out, to repeat, as I have said above, once again, after all, in fact, above all, surely, most important of all, in such cases.
（中国大学网考研 ）A history of longand effortless success can be a dreadful handicap, but, if properly handled, itmay become a driving force. When the United States entered just such a glowingperiod after the end of the Second World War, it had a market eight timeslarger than any competitor, giving its industries unparalleled economies ofscale. Its scientists were the world's best, its workers the most skilled.America and Americans were prosperous beyond the dreams of the Europeans andAsians whose economies the war had destroyed.
It was inevitable that this primacy should have narrowed as othercountries grew richer. Just as inevitably, the retreat from predominance provedpainful. By the mid-1980s Americans had found themselves at a loss over theirfading industrial competitiveness. Some huge American industries, such asconsumer electronics, had shrunk or vanished in the face of foreigncompetition. By 1987 there was only one American television maker left, Zenith.(Now there is none: Zenith was bought by South Korea's LG Electronics in July。)Foreign-made cars and textiles were sweeping into the domestic market America'smachine-tool industry was on the ropes. For a while it looked as though themaking of semiconductors, which America had which sat at the heart of the newcomputer age, was going to be the next casualty。
All of this caused a crisis of confidence. Americans stopped takingprosperity for granted. They began to believe that their way of doing businesswas failing, and that their incomes would therefore shortly begin to fall aswell. The mid-1980s brought one inquiry after another into the causes ofAmerica's industrial decline. Their sometimes sensational findings were filledwith warnings about the growing competition from overseas。
How things have changed! In 1995 the United States can look back onfive years of solid growth while Japan has been struggling. Few Americansattribute this solely to such obvious causes as a devalued dollar or theturning of the business cycle. Self-doubt has yielded to blind pride. “ Americanindustry has changed its structure, has gone on a diet, has learnt to be morequick-witted,” according to Richard Cavanagh, executive dean of Harvard's KennedySchool of Government,“It makes me proud to be an American just to see how our businessesare improving their productivity,” says Stephen Moore of the Cato Institute, a think-tank inWashington, DC. And William Sahlman of the Harvard Business School believesthat people will look back on this period as “a golden age ofbusiness management in the United States。”
1. The U.S. achieved its predominance after World War Ⅱbecause_____。
[A]it had made painstaking efforts towards this goal
[B]its domestic market was eight times larger than before
[C]the war had destroyed the economies of most potentialcompetitors
[D]the unparalleled size of its workforce had given an impetus toits economy
2. The loss of U.S. predominance in the world economy in the 1980sis manifested in the fact that the American_____。
[A]TV industry had withdrawn to its domestic market
[B]semiconductor industry had been taken over by foreignenterprises
[C]machine-tool industry had collapsed after suicidal actions
[D]auto industry had lost part of its domestic market
3. What can be inferred from the passage?
[A]It is human nature to shift between self-doubt and blind pride。
[B]Intense competition may contribute to economic progress。
[C]The revival of the economy depends on international cooperation。
[D]A long history of success may pave the way for furtherdevelopment。
4. The author seems to believe the revival of the U.S. economy inthe 1990s can be attributed to the____。
[A]turning of the business cycle
[B]restructuring of industry
[C]improved business management
[D]success in education
答案解析
1. The U.S. achieved its predominance after World War Ⅱbecause_____。
美国在二战后取得优势地位是因为_____。
[A] it had made painstaking efforts towards this goal。
它为该目标付出了艰巨的努力。
[B] its domestic market was eight times larger than before。
它的国内市场比以前大八倍。
[C] the war had destroyed the economies of most potentialcompetitors。
战争摧毁了大多数潜在竞争对手的经济。
[D] the unparalleled size of its workforce had given an impetus toits economy。
它无与伦比的劳动力规模给了经济推动力。
【答案】 C
【考点】 事实细节题。
【分析】 第一段指出，“二战后，美国就进入了这样的一个辉煌的历史时期。它拥有比任何竞争者大八倍的市场，这使其工业经济规模前所未有。它的科学家是世上最优秀的，它的工人是技术最好的。美国及其民众的富庶是那些经济遭到战争破坏的欧洲人和亚洲人连做梦也不敢想的”。因此利用排除法，确定答案是[A]。
2. The loss of U.S. predominance in the world economy in the 1980sis manifested in the fact that the American_____。
上个世纪80年代美国优势地位的丧失可以从美国_______事实中看出来。
[A] TV industry had withdrawn to its domestic market
电视工业已经退到国内市场
[B] semiconductor industry had been taken over by foreignenterprises
半导体产业已经被外国公司接管
[C] machine-tool industry had collapsed after suicidal actions
机床业已经自取灭亡
[D] auto industry had lost part of its domestic market
汽车工业已经丧失了部分国内市场
【答案】 D
【考点】 事实细节题。
【分析】 [A]选项错误，因为第二段中说“到1987年，美国只剩下Zenith这一家电视生产商。(现在这一家也没有了：Zenith于7月被韩国LG电器公司收购。)”说明它连国内市场也保不住了。[B]选项错误，文中第二段最后一句提到，“在一段时间内，半导体制造业似乎要成为下一个受害者”，可是事实上没有。[C]选项中谈到的机床业已经自取灭亡的说法错误，因为文中提到机床制造业“岌岌可危”(on the ropes)，但是还没有灭亡呢。[D]是合适的，因为第二段第六句提到，“进口车和纺织品横扫国内市场”。
3. What can be inferred from the passage?
从本文中可以推断出哪个选项?
[A] It is human nature to shift between self-doubt and blind pride。
在自我怀疑和盲目骄傲之间摇摆是人的本性。
[B] Intense competition may contribute to economic progress。
激烈的竞争会导致经济的发展。
[C] The revival of the economy depends on international cooperation。
经济的复苏依靠国际的合作。
[D] A long history of success may pave the way for furtherdevelopment。
一个长期成功的经历会为进一步的发展铺平道路。
【答案】 B
【考点】 推断题。
【分析】 第三段提到，“所有这一切导致了信心危机。美国人不再视繁荣为理所当然之事。他们开始怀疑自己的商业经营方式出了问题，也怀疑不久他们的收入就会下降。20世纪80年代中期对美国工业衰退的原因作了一次又一次的调查。那些有时耸人听闻的结果中充满着对来自国外的加剧的经济竞争的警告”。第四段提到了“90年代的经济复苏。其中的含义是：在竞争的压力下，美国人在80年代产业结构调整，美国的工业已经改变了结构，消除了滞胀，学会了急智，因此带来了90年代的经济复苏”。因此可以得出激烈的竞争会导致经济的发展。另外三个选项都不合适。
4. The author seems to believe the revival of the U.S. economy inthe 1990s can be attributed to the____。
作者似乎相信美国经济在上个世纪90年代的复苏可以归结于____。
[A]turning of the business cycle 经济周期的转折
[B]restructuring of industry 行业重组
[C]improved business management 改善了的工商管理
[D]success in education 教育的成功
【答案】 A
【考点】 作者观点题。
【分析】 在第四段，作者指出，“1995年，美国可以对过去5年的稳步发展作一回顾，而日本还在奋力挣扎。很少有美国人将这一巨变单纯归因于美元贬值或商业周期循环这些显而易见的原因。如今，对自身的怀疑已被盲目乐观所取代”。这里作者实际上对当前美国人的盲目乐观情绪进行了批评，认为90年代的增长是由美元贬值或经济周期的转机等因素造成的。[B]是“Richard Cavanaugh”的看法。[C]是“Stephen Moore”的看法。[D]选项文中没有提及。
1.考研英语阅读理解解题思路
2.2017考研英语阅读理解真题及答案
3.2017考研英语阅读理解练习试题
4.关于考研英语阅读理解如何拿高分
5.2017考研英语（一）阅读理解深度分析
6.2017考研英语阅读理解技巧讲解
7.考研英语阅读理解技巧
8.考研英语阅读理解技巧全解
9.考研英语阅读理解题
10.考研英语一阅读理解答案
考试题一：
Watching a child struggle to breathe during an asthma attack is frightening for any parent. So it is only natural that most moms and dads will try just about anything――including spending a lot of money――to keep an attack at bay. Trouble is， more than half of parents are trying strategies that simply don't work and wasting hundreds of dollars in the process， according to a study published last week in the Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.
The report， based on interviews with the parents of 896 asthmatic children in 10 different cities， contained some good news. Eighty percent of parents had a handle on at least one of the triggers that worsened their children's asthma. After that， however， many parents seemed to go astray， taking precautions that weren't helpful “and made little sense，” according to Dr. Michael Cabana， a pediatrician at the University of Michigan's C.S. Mott Children's Hospital， who led the study.
One of the most common mistakes was to buy a mattress cover to protect against dust mites for a child whose asthma was exacerbated instead by plant pollen. Many of those parents then neglected to do what would have helped a lot more： shut the windows to keep pollen out. Another was using a humidifier for a child who was allergic to dust mites; a humidifier tends to be a place where dust mites like to breed. With those allergies， a dehumidifier works better.
Worst of all was the number of smokers with asthmatic children who didn't even try to quit or at least limit themselves to smoking outdoors rather than just moving to another room or the garage. Second-hand smoke has been proved， over and over again， to be a major trigger of asthma attacks. Many smoking parents purchased expensive air filters that have what Cabana called “questionable utility.”
Part of the problem， Dr. Cabana and his colleagues believe， is that parents are bombarded by television ads that encourage them to buy products such as air and carpet fresheners， ionizers and other remedies that are often expensive but medically unnecessary. And doctors may not always take the time， or have the time， to explain to parents what will and won't work in their child's particular case. For example， allergies are usually a problem for older children with asthma， while kids 5 and younger more frequently have trouble with viral respiratory infections. So make sure you understand what's really triggering your child's asthma. And remember， the best solutions are not always the most expensive ones.
注(1)：本文选自Time，8/30/2004，p67;
注(2)：本文习题命题模仿对象2004年真题Text 1
1. What does the study by Dr. Michael Cabana indicate?
[A]Parents are eager to cure of their children‘s disease.
[B]Many parents are wasting money for their children‘s frightening disease.
[C] Many parents fail to find the effective way for their children‘s disease.
[D]Parents feel worried about their children‘s disease.
2. Which of the following is not the trigger of asthma attacks?
[A]Humidifier.
[B]Second-hand smoke.
[C]Plant pollen.
[D]Dust mites.
3. The expression “to keep an attack at bay” (Line 3， Paragraph 1) most probably means ________.
[A]to ease the attack
[B]to lessen the attack
[C]to continue the attack
[D]to prevent the attack
4. Why are the parents in such a dilemma?
[A]The doctors are not responsible enough.
[B]Parents are influenced much by ads.
[C]Parents are ignorant of the disease.
[D]The quality of medical products is not good.
5. Which of the following is true according to the text?
[A]Parents shouldn‘t spend too much money on the children.
[B]The expensive products are not always good.
[C]To know the real trigger of the disease is very important.
[D]Parents often make mistakes.
答案：CADBC
考试题二：
Sleep is a funny thing. We're taught that we should get seven or eight hours a night， but a lot of us get by just fine on less， and some of us actually sleep too much. A study out of the University of Buffalo last month reported that people who routinely sleep more than eight hours a day and are still tired are nearly three times as likely to die of stroke――probably as a result of an underlying disorder that keeps them from snoozing soundly.
Doctors have their own special sleep problems. Residents are famously sleep deprived. When I was training to become a neurosurgeon， it was not unusual to work 40 hours in a row without rest. Most of us took it in stride， confident we could still deliver the highest quality of medical care. Maybe we shouldn't have been so sure of ourselves. An article in the Journal of the American Medical Association points out that in the morning after 24 hours of sleeplessness， a person's motor performance is comparable to that of someone who is legally intoxicated. Curiously， surgeons who believe that operating under the influence is grounds for dismissal often don't think twice about operating without enough sleep.
“I could tell you horror stories，” says Jaya Agrawal， president of the American Medical Student Association， which runs a website where residents can post anonymous anecdotes. Some are terrifying. “I was operating after being up for over 36 hours，” one writes. “I literally fell asleep standing up and nearly face planted into the wound.”
“Practically every surgical resident I know has fallen asleep at the wheel driving home from work，” writes another. “I know of three who have hit parked cars. Another hit a 'Jersey barrier' on the New Jersey Turnpike， going 65 m.p.h.” “Your own patients have become the enemy，” writes a third， because they are “the one thing that stands between you and a few hours of sleep.”
Agrawal's organization is supporting the Patient and Physician Safety and Protection Act of 2001， introduced last November by Representative John Conyers Jr. of Michigan. Its key provisions， modeled on New York State's regulations， include an 80-hour workweek and a 24-hour work-shift limit.Most doctors， however， resist such interference. Dr. Charles Binkley， a senior surgery resident at the University of Michigan， agrees that something needs to be done but believes “doctors should be bound by their conscience， not by the government.”
The U.S. controls the hours of pilots and truck drivers. But until such a system is in place for doctors， patients are on their own. If you're worried about the people treating you or a loved one， you should feel free to ask how many hours of sleep they have had and if more-rested staffers are available. Doctors， for their part， have to give up their pose of infallibility and get the rest they need.
注(1)：本文选自Time;3/11/2002， p73， 3/4p， 1c;
注(2)：本文习题命题模仿对象：第1、2题分别模仿1999年真题text4的第1题和text2的第2题;第3题模仿1998年真题text3的第2题;第4、5题分别模仿2004年真题text2的第3题和text3的第5题;
1. We can learn from the first paragraph that ____________.
[A] people who sleep less than 8 hours a day are more prone to illness
[B] poor sleep quality may be a sign of physical disorder
[C] stroke is often associated with sleep
[D] too much sleep can be as harmful as lack of sleep
2. Speaking of the sleep problems doctors face， the author implies that ________________.
[A] doctors often need little sleep to keep them energetic
[B] doctors‘ sleep is deprived by residents
[C] doctors tend to neglect their own sleep problems
[D] sleep-deprived doctors are intoxicated
3. Paragraph 3 and 4 are written to ____________.
[A] entertain the audience with some anecdotes
[B] discuss the cause of doctors‘ sleep problems
[C] show the hostility doctors harbor against their patients
[D] exemplify the danger doctors face caused by lack of sleep
4. By “doctors should be bound by their conscience， not by the government” (line 6， paragraph 5)， Dr. Charles Binkley means that ____________.
[A] doctors should not abide by government‘s regulations
[B] the government is interfering too much
[C] the regulations about workweek and work shift are too specific
[D] law can not force a doctor to sleep while his conscience can
5. To which of the following is the author likely to agree?
[A] Patients should control the hours of their doctors.
[B] Pilots and truck drivers work in safer environments than that of doctors‘。
[C] Patients are facing more risks if their doctors are not adequately-rested.
[D] People concerned have the right to remove their doctors from their positions.
答案：B C D B C
考试题三：
WHAT do you do when everyone hates you? That is the problem faced by America's pharmaceutical industry. Despite its successes in treating disease and extending longevity， soaring health-care costs and bumper profits mean that big drug firms are widely viewed as exploitative， and regarded almost as unfavourably as tobacco and oil firms (see chart)。 Last week， at a conference organised by The Economist in Philadelphia， the drug industry was offered some advice from an unlikely source： a tobacco firm. Steven Parrish of Altria， the conglomerate that includes Philip Morris， gave his perspective on how an industry can improve its tarnished public image.
Comparing the tobacco and pharmaceutical industries might seem absurd， or even offensive. “Their products kill people. Our products save people's lives，” says Alan Holmer， the head of the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America， an industry association. Yet the drug giants currently face an unprecedented onslaught of class-action lawsuits and public scrutiny; industry bosses are being grilled by lawmakers asking who knew what and when. It is all reminiscent of what happened to the tobacco industry in 1994.
Mr Parrish advised drug firms to abandon their bunker mentality and engage with their critics. Rather than arguing about the past， he said， it is better to move on， and give people something new to think about. (Philip Morris now acknowledges， for example， that cigarettes are addictive and deadly， and is trying to develop less harmful products.) Not everyone is open to persuasion， so focus on those who are， he said. But changing opinions takes time and demands deeds as well as words： “This is not about spin， this is about change.”
The pharmaceutical industry is pursuing a range of initiatives to mollify its critics， Mr Holmer noted in his own speech. But Mr Parrish suggested that speaking with one voice through a trade association might be counter-productive， since it can give the impression that the industry is a monolithic cartel. And too much advertising， he said， can actually antagonise people further.
The audience was generally receptive， claims Mr Parrish. This is not the first time he has offered his thoughts on dealing with implacable critics. At a conference at the University of Michigan last year， he offered America's State Department advice on improving America's image in the Middle East. So does his prescription work? There has been a positive shift in attitudes towards tobacco firms， if only a small one. But at least， for once， a tobacco firm is peddling a cure， rather than a disease.
GRAPH： Unpopularity contest
Economist; 11/27/2004， Vol. 373 Issue 8403， p64-64， 1/3p， 1 graph
注(1)：本文选自Economist; 11/27/2004， p64-64， 1/3p， 1 graph;
注(2)：本文习题命题模仿对象第1题2004年真题text 4第1题，第2题模仿1994年真题text 3第1题，第3题模仿1996年真题text 3第3题，第4题模仿1997年真题text 3第2题，第5题2004年真题text 4第5题;
1. Why is America‘s pharmaceutical industry so unpopular?
[A] Because it， like tobacco and oil firms， does harm to people‘s health and environment.
[B] Because it fails to cure disease and make people live longer.
[C] Because the prices of its products are too high and its profit margin is too wide.
[D] Because it exploits its employees.
2. Alan Holmer is quoted to illustrate that __________.
[A] the comparison between tobacco and pharmaceutical industries might seem ridiculous， or even insulting
[B] the pharmaceutical industries agree that they are similar to tobacco industry
[C] tobacco products do more harm to people than pharmaceutical products
[D] pharmaceutical industries are currently facing lots of problems
3. According to the text， Mr. Parrish gives the following suggestions to drug firms except ______.
[A] To acknowledge the problems and try to do something to improve their images.
[B] Not to react to the public in one voice through the drug association.
[C] Not to care about the past.
[D] To try to spend time and energy to persuade the majority of the audience who are open to persuasion.
4. The word “mollify” (Line 1， Paragraph 4) might mean?
[A] placate.
[B] enrage.
[C] fight.
[D] relieve.
5. What does the author imply by saying “This is not the first time he has offered his
thoughts on dealing with implacable critics.“?
[A] Mr. Parrish has offered his advice to other on dealing with tough critics for several times.
[B] Mr. Parrish has dealt successfully with other critics himself.
[C] Mr. Parrish has given sound advice to drug firms.
[D] Mr. Parrish has been of help to others on critical moments.
答案：C A C A C
考试题四：
The countdown goes something like this： 3) IRS auditor， 2) ex-husband's new 20-year-old girlfriend， 1) dentist. The top three people we most hate to see.
“Let's face it，” says Dr. Lorin Berland， a dentist in Dallas. “Dentistry can suck.” A third of Americans， according to the National Center for Health Statistics， haven't even set foot in the dentist's office in the past year. Berland， along with an increasing number of dentists all over the country， is trying to change that. He wants dental appointments to be less about pain and drilling and more about relaxation， foot massage and soothing aromatherapy.
Spa dentistry， as it's called， means you can enjoy a hot paraffin-wax hand treatment while getting your teeth cleaned. Or you can slip on some virtual-reality glasses and watch your favorite movie. Or you might just lie back and let the scent of lavender and the sound of falling water quiet your anxiety， while a licensed massage therapist eases the crick in your neck. Most vacations aren't this good. In response to spa dentistry's growing popularity， the Chicago Dental Society will teach its first course on the practice at its annual midwinter meeting in February， expected to attract 35，000 industry professionals.
“Some people are born to cater to people， and others have to be taught，” says Dr. Grace Sun， a dentist in Los Angeles who， without benefit of a lecture， offers massage， fruit smoothies and movies. In addition， she provides luxury hotel-style concierge services： while you're in the (vibrating， of course) chair， her staff makes dinner reservations， takes your cell-phone calls， baby-sits， dog-sits， orders in food or does just about anything else you ask.
Dr. Debra Gray King of the Atlanta Center for Cosmetic Dentistry calls her practice “the Ritz-Carlton of dentistry” and in fact sends her “dental concierges” to the Ritz-Carlton Leadership Center for training in client relations. They're taught to squire each patient as he or she navigates the various rooms of the center's luxe 8，400-sq.-ft. Twelve Oaks――esque mansion. Once in the dentist's chair， King's patients can use the attached flat-panel monitor to watch TV， play a DVD or surf the Web. Can't see the screen? No worries， there's one wired to the ceiling too. Noise-reduction headphones block the screech of the drill and play a CD of your choice， and the specially constructed dental chair channels the sound waves from the music into a full-body massage. “The more relaxed the patient is，” says King， “the easier our job.”
Patients are responding. Martha Dickey， a magazine publisher in Atlanta， says a hot paraffin-wax treatment can “change your whole feeling about going to the dentist. You feel like you're there to get nurtured and pampered. It's fabulous. Every one of your senses is taken care of.” If only the offices of the IRS were as pleasant.
注(1)：本文选自Time; 12/30/2002-1/6/2003， p155， 3/4p， 1c;
注(2)：本文习题命题模仿对象2004年text 1;
1. How do Dr. Berland and some other American dentists try to change the image of
dentistry?
[A] They try to change it by facing it bravely.
[B] They try to change it by teaching patients how to take good care of their teeth.
[C] They try to change it by providing new services to help patients feel relaxed and at home.
[D] They try to change it by relieving patients‘ pain with new pills.
2. Which of the following is not a service provided by spa dentistry?
[A] a vacation
[B] spa
[C] massage
[D] dental treatment
3. The expression “cater to” (Line 1， Paragraph 4) most probably means _______.
[A] meet the requirements of sb.
[B] be to sb‘s liking
[C] take sb. seriously
[D] serve sb. well
4. Why does Dr. Debra Gray King call her practice “the Ritz-Carlton of dentistry”?
[A] Because her “dental concierges” are trained at the Ritz-Carlton Leadership Center.
[B] Because her cosmetic dentistry center provides the kind of concierge services luxury hotels like Ritz-Carlton provide.
[C] Because her Center is located in a mansion as large as Ritz-Carlton.
[D] Because her patients are also guests at Ritz-Carlton.
5. Which of the following is true according to the text?
[A] Dr. Grace Sun learned her new practice from the course offered by the Chicago Dental Society.
[B] The author hopes that dentist‘s offices can be as comfortable the offices of the IRS.
[C] The patients like the new services provided by the dentists mentioned in the text very much.
[D] Dental appointments are often associated with relaxation.
答案：C A D B C
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