下面是小编精心整理的上海牛津英语高三（上）Unit 1语言点分析(沪教牛津版高三英语教案教学设计)（共含20篇），希望能够帮助到大家。同时，但愿您也能像本文投稿人“每一天嘉怡”一样，积极向本站投稿分享好文章。
Unit 1(Senior 3)
1 charity
（1）n.-ties
施舍；布施 慈善机构；慈善事业；慈善团体
The Red Cross is an international charity.红十字会是个国际性的慈善机构。
练习：她出于慈善帮助他。
常用：in charity出于恻隐之心、对...有好感(with)
out of charity (with) 对...没有好感
2 need
（1）常用 A friend in need is a friend indeed.
患难之交是真朋友。
be [stand] in need of ... ...需要...
have need to do sth.必须做某事
（2）n.需要, 必需in need of
Is there any need for you to do sth?
There is no need for [sb to do sth.
(3)常用复]需要的东西daily needs\ satisfy one's needs满足某人的需要\
练习：(1)他本不需要做这件事。
(2) 他们需要食物, 食物对一切生物是必不可少的。
(3) 没必要担忧。
(4) 你无需告诉他这一消息, 那只会使他悲哀。
3 raise vt .raised, raising
（1）抬高；举起
He raised his arms above his head.他把手臂举过头顶。
I will not raise a hand against you.我不会做任何不利于你的事。
（2）提高；增加
to raise salaries提高工资
to raise the rent提高租金
（3）招募
to raise an army招募一支军队
（4）养育；栽培
to raise a family供养一家人
（5）（常与up连用）提出
I wanted to raise a question to the chairman but in a moment I lost my nerve.
“我想向会议主席提一个问题,但立刻我又没有了勇气。”
（6）（常与up连用）建造；建立
to raise a memorial建造纪念碑
lift raise elevate辨析
都含“举起”的意思。
lift 指“用体力或机械力把某物从地面举到一定的高度”, 如:
She can lift a pail of water from the ground.她能把一桶水提起来。
raise 与Lift 可换用, 但着重“垂直高举”或“将物件由较低处移至较高处的适宜位置, 以发挥应有的作用”, 如:
raise a flag.升旗。
elevate 指“提高(嗓子、思想等)”, 如:
Good reading elevates the mind.阅读好书可使思想高尚。
4 expect vt.
（1）预料；预期
I expect he'll pass the examination.我预料他会通过考试。
The chairman of the committee expect to be back next Thursday.委员会主席预计下星期四回来。
The first message is expected to arrive at 7 this evening.第一次信息预计在今晚7点到达。
（2）期望
The officer expected his men to do their duty.军官期望他的部下尽职。
The shop expect to make a small profit this year.这家店铺期望今年能赚点钱。
（3）以为；料想
‘Who broke that cup?’ I expect it was the cat.
“谁打破了杯子？”我看是猫打破的。
A: Is the famous singer going to give any performance at the evening party? B: I expect so.
甲:这位著名歌手在晚会上要表演节目的吧?乙:我想是吧。
I expect not.; I don't expect so.我认为不会。
（4）期待
Most of the parents expect much of their children.大多数父母都对自己的子女寄予很大希望。
习惯用语
as one might expect正如人们所预料的
as might have been expected (=as was expected)果然不出所料
expect sb. to be期望某人成为...
expect sth. of sb.对...的期望[要求]
5 （1）break away逃走；逃脱
Modern music like jazz has broken away from the old traditional rules. (喻)
现代音乐如爵士乐摆脱了旧的传统规则。
断裂；开裂
A large piece of ice broke away from the main block.一大块冰从整个大冰块上断裂开来。
（2）break down破坏；拆散
Chemicals in the body break our food down into useful substances.
人体中的化学元素把食物分解成有用的物质。
The peace talks are said to have broken down. (喻)据说和谈破裂了。
（机器）损坏
Our truck broke down outside town.我们的卡车在城外抛锚了。
失败；破裂
Their opposition broke down.他们的反对意见打消了。
精神崩溃；失去控制
He broke down and wept.他不禁失声痛哭。
起化学变化
Food is broken down by chemicals.化学物质引起食物转化。
（3）break in闯入；强行进入
The burglar broke in and stole my money.夜窃贼破门而入,偷了我的钱。
打断；插嘴
It's her usual habit to break in with some ideas of her own.他常常打断别人的话来发表自己的观点。
The telephone ring broke in on/upon my thoughts.电话铃声打断了我的思路。
（4）break into
闯入
The thieves broke into the office and stole some money.小偷闯入办公室，偷了一些钱。
突然…起来
to break into song突然唱起歌来
The car windows broke into pieces when the two cars crashed into each other.
两辆车相撞时车上的窗玻璃破裂成碎片。
（5）break out
逃脱；逃出to break out of prison
突然发生
It was almost midnight that a fire broke out in the neighbourhood.昨天快半夜了这儿附近发生了火灾。
（6）break through
突破
At last, those physicians and specialists broke through in their fight against heart disease.
那些内科医生和专家们终于在同心脏病的斗争中取得了突破。
（7）break up
分裂 结束；解散
The crowd started to break up when the night fell.天快黑时人群开始散开了。
The ice will break up when the warm weather comes.天气转暖,冰层就会破裂。
Their marriage broke up.他们的婚姻破裂了。
The police broke up the fighting crowd.警察驱散了打架的人群。
The company top meeting didn't break up until midnight.公司高层会议到半夜才结束。
The police broke up the fight among the two black gangs.
警察驱散了两个黑帮间的殴斗。
（学校）开始放假
When will you break up this winter?今年冬季你们什么时候放假?
6 volunteer
（1）n.志愿者
We want some volunteers to help paint the house.我们想要几个自愿帮助漆房屋的人。
（2）volunteer vt., vi.、（常与to连用）自愿去做，主动请求去做
Meanwhile, a number of university students have volunteered to drive buses while the strike lasts.
与此同时,许多大学生自愿在罢工持续期间去驾驶公共汽车。
（常与for连用）作为支愿者，志愿参军
volunteer their services; volunteer to give blood.志愿提供他们的服务；自愿献血
7 famine n.饥荒
die of famine饿死
goods famine商品奇缺
8 arrange vt.
排列, 分类, 整理I arranged books on the shelves.我把书架上的书整理好
商定, 约定I have arranged to meet her at ten o'clock.我约定在十点钟会见她
准备, 安排, 筹备I've arranged for a car to pick them up at the station.我已安排了一辆汽车去车站接他们。
调解(纠纷), 处理arrange a quarrel[dispute, difference]调解争执[纠纷, 争论]
改编, 改写arrange a novel for the stage把小说改编成剧本
习惯用语：arrange for安排, 准备
arrange with sb. about sth.与某人商定某事
9 starve vi., vt. starved, starving
饿死，使 饿死 饥饿，使饥饿
She's lonely, and starving for companionship. 她很寂寞，渴望友谊。
习惯用语：starve for (=be starved of)渴望; 极需; 缺乏
starve sb. into用饥饿迫使...
10 delight vt., vi.
给予乐趣；使人高兴
I was delighted to be invited to her party.我很高兴被邀请参加她的晚会。
（常与in连用）热衷于；引以为乐
She delights in cooking lovely meals.她以烹饪美食为乐。
Delight n. 乐趣；喜悦；欣喜
to laugh with delight高兴地大笑
习惯用语：take delight in喜爱, 以...为乐
to sb.'s delight令人高兴的是...
delight in喜爱, 以...为乐
11 aid vt.帮助, 援助, 救护, 接济
I aided him in his enterprise.我帮助他做这一事业。
Aid vi. 援助.接济.帮助
They aided in solving the problem.他们帮忙解决这个问题。
习惯用语：with the aid of借助于, 通过...的帮助
come to sb.'s aid前来[去]援助某人
first aid(对伤病人员的)急救
in aid of用以援助...; 作为援助...之用
lend one's aid to给予援助
12 appeal vi.
（1）呼吁；恳求
The government is appealing to everyone to save water.政府呼吁每个人节约用水。
（2）（常与to连用）吸引；引起兴趣
Does the idea of working for a venture company appeal to you?你有没有兴趣到合资企业去工作?
（3）（与to连用）求助于
to appeal for aid
（与to连用）指出；引证，引…为证
（常与to连用）上诉；诉诸于
13 come to
（1）涉及；谈及
When it comes to politics I know nothing.谈到政治，我一无所知。
（2）获致；到达；结束
They came to the conclusion that they had made an unforgivable mistake.
他们得到的结论是他们犯了一个不可饶恕的错误。
The water came to my waist.水已达我的腰部。
（3）总共；共计
The bill came to $5.50.账款共计5美元50美分。
（4）突然想起
Suddenly the words of the song came to me.我猛然想起了这首歌的歌词。
（5）come to oneself恢复从容；恢复知觉，苏醒
14 pick up
（1）To take up (something) by hand:拿起用手拿起（某物）：
pick up a book.捡起一本书
（2）To collect or gather:收集或聚集：
picked up the broken pieces of glass.拾起玻璃碎片
（3）To tidy up:整理，收拾：
Let's pick up the living room.我们收拾一下卧室吧
（4）To take on (passengers or freight, for example):承载（客人，货物等）：
The bus picks up commuters at three stops.公共汽车在三个站载送通勤者
（5）To acquire casually or by accident:不经意得到随便或偶然地获得：
（6）To acquire (knowledge) by learning or experience:学得通过学习或经历获得（知识）：
picked up French very quickly.很快地学起法语来
（7）To buy:购买：
picked up some beverages on the way home.在回家的路上买些饮料
（8）To accept (a bill or charge) in order to pay it:付帐为买某物而付（款或账）：
Let me pick up the tab.我来付计程车的钱
（9）To come down with (a disease):染上（病）：
picked up a virus in the office.在办公室染上病毒
（10）To take into custody:监护，逮捕，拘捕：
The coast guard picked up five smugglers.海岸检查官拘捕了五个走私犯
（11）增加 pick up speed加速
15 （1）in hand Under control:在控制之：在手头, 现有, 在进行中; 在考虑中;
The project is well in hand.这项计划控制得很好
（2）off (one's) hands
We finally got that project off our hands.
我们最终使得那项计划不再归我们管
（3）on hand .可用的 在手头, 在手边; 现有 即将到来, 即将发生; [美]在场, 到场
（4）on (one's) hands or upon (one's) hands
In one's possession, often as an imposed responsibility or burden:
由某人负责归某人所有，经常指一种强加的责任或负担：
Now they have the grandchildren on their hands.
现在他们需要照管孙子
（5）on the other hand
As another point of view; from another standpoint.
从另一点来说；从另一个角度出发
（6）out of hand
（7）have a hand in干予, 参与, 插手
16 supply vt. -plied, -plying
（常与with连用）供给；提供
That company supplies paper to the printers.那家公司向印刷商提供纸张。
When money is in short supply many businesses fail.“银根吃紧时,许多企业会倒闭。”
n. -plies储备；贮藏
Our supplies for this month are in the cupboard.我们这个月的生活用品在橱子里。
量 a large supply of food 大量的食物
供应量 ；(pl) 供给，供应
The supply is inadequate to meet the demand.供不应求。
习惯用语：have a good [large] supply of备有许多
in short supply供应不足
supply...for把...供给
supply ...with向...供应
17 closely adv.接近地 紧密地 严密地
The two things are closely interconnected.这两个事物是相互紧密地联系在一起的。
Close adv.接近地；紧密地 She came close to him.她走近他。
18 mark n.斑点；疤痕；
You have a dirty mark on your face.你脸上有个脏点。
痕迹；标志
It is dangerous to swim beyond this mark.游泳超出这个标志是危险的。
分数；点数
He got 90 marks for Chinese.他汉语考了90分。
The teacher gave me a good mark for my story.老师给了我的故事以好的评分。
(give sb.) full marks for (doing) sth.赞许；佩服
记号; 符号
Put a question mark at the end of that sentence.在那个句末划一个问号。
目标; 靶子
He fired but missed the mark.他开枪射击却没击中目标。
比较：sign
身势，姿势；
He made a sign for me to follow him.他向我示意跟着他（走）。
告示；标语； 牌示，牌子
The sign by the road said ‘No Parking'.路边的牌子上写着“禁止停车”。
迹象；征兆；征候
There are no signs of life about the house.这房子没有有人住的迹象。
signal
（为了警告、命令或报信而发 出的）信号，暗号
The railway signal showed that the train could pass.铁路的信号标志显示火车可以通过。
〈铁路〉信号灯交通管理色灯，红绿灯；（无线电或电视）讯号，图像
19 sensible adj.
明智的； 有判断力的
a sensible person; a sensible choice.通情达理的人；明智的抉择
If you are sensible ，you will study for another year.如果你明智的话，你就再学习一年。
That was sensible of you.你做得明智。
It’s sensible of sb to do sth.某人做某事很明智。
可感觉的；能注意到的
He is sensible of the danger of his position. 他发觉他处境危险。
I am sensible that a good deal more is still to be done”“我认识到还有许多事情要做”
辨析Sensitive adj.
（常与to连用）敏感的； 易感受的
She is sensitive to what people think of her.她很敏感人们对她是怎么想的。
（常与to连用）高精密度的（仪器）
20 common adj.
共同的, 公共的, 公有的, 普通的, 庸俗的, 伪劣的
习惯用语：have nothing in common (with)(与...)没有共同之处
in common共同， 共同享有的， 共同使用的
in common with和…一样
out of (the) common不寻常的， 特殊的
common interests.共同利益
the common people老百姓
common knowledge\sense常识
common characteristic共同特点
common beam标准天平； 标准
a common saying俗话
common ordinary general辨析
都含“普通的”意思。
common强调“常见的”、“ 不足为奇的”， 如：Colds are common in winter.感冒在冬天很常见。ordinary强调“平常的”、“平淡无奇的”， 如：His ordinary supper consists of only bread and milk. 他通常的晚餐不过是面包和牛奶。general意为“普遍的”、“一般的”， 如：This book is intended for the general reader, not for the specialist. 这本书是为一般读者写的， 不是为专家写的。
21 comment n.
评语；批评；评注；注释
add comments or explanations加注释或说明
He made a comment about the bad road.他对这条糟糕的路发表评论。
No comment!无可奉告!
Comment vi.（常与on, that连用） 评论；注释；批评
He commented on the bad road.他评论这条糟糕的路。
习惯用语：ask for comment征求意见
make comments on\ upon sth.评论某事
offer comments提意见
No comment .无可奉告。
without comment不必多说
comment on评论， 谈论， 对...提意见
Reading
词汇：Cosmetic n.化妆品adj.化妆用的
1 link vt., vi.（常与together, to, with连用）连接
The two towns are linked by a railway.这两个城镇由一条铁路连接起来。
（与on, to, in to连用）联合
link up（与with连用）会合
2 advertise vt., vi.-tised, -tising vt.登...的广告；登广告征求或推销商品；通告; 宣布
宣扬; 大肆宣传；发出广告
I advertised him of my plans.我把我的计划通知了他。
The company advertised for a new secretary.公司登广告招聘一名新秘书。
We should advertise for someone to look after our children.我们该登个广告聘人来照管孩子们。
advertise for登招请[待聘等]广告
advertise oneself (as)自吹(是)
advertising un.广告业, 广告 adj.广告的
advertising agency广告公司 advertising agent广告经纪人 advertising expense广告费
advertising is one of the biggest businesses in America.广告是美国最大的行业之一。
Advertisement n.广告(= ad)
The wall was covered with advertisements.墙上贴满了广告。
It has many advertisements and many different sections.星期日报有很多广告和许多栏目。
They like advertisements which show women in office, planes, and cars.
妇女们喜欢那些表现妇女在办公室工作、乘飞机旅行、驾驶着汽车等情形的广告。
3 aim vt., vi.（常与at连用）瞄准；对准
He aimed with the gun.他用枪瞄准。
He aimed the gun at the enemy officer.他用枪瞄准了敌军官。
以…为目标
I aim to be a lawyer.我要当个律师。
The factory must aim at developing new models of machines.该工厂必须致力于研制新型机械。
Aim n.瞄准；对准The hunter took aim at wolf.猎手瞄准狼。
目标；目的What is your aim in life?你生活的目的是什么?
The aim is not just to keep busy.其目的不仅是为了使每个人不致闲着。
aim at向...瞄准; 旨在, 针对; 志在
take aim (at)瞄准
4 involve vt. involved, involving（常与in连用）牵涉；拖累
Don't involve other people in your trouble.别把别人牵涉进你的麻烦中去。
（常与in连用）使陷入
包括，涉及All the children were involved in the school play.所有的孩子都参加了学校排练的剧。
This lesson involves a lot of work.这一课需要做的工作有很多。
be involved in trouble卷入纠纷 be involved in disaster陷入不幸
a task which involves much difficulty困难重重的任务
He was involved in working out a plan.他专心致志地制订计划。
be involved in包含在...; 与...有关; 被卷入; 专心地(做)
be involved with涉及 become involved in卷入, 陷入
get involved with给...缠住
5 promise n.诺言
He broke his promise and did not come to see me.他不遵守诺言，没来看我。
希望；展望The news brings little promise of peace.这消息使和平无望。
Promise vt., vi.（常与to, that连用）允诺；承诺
He has promised to behave better henceforth.他答应从今以后要表现得好些。
She promised her brother that she would write to him.她答应弟弟将给他写信。
预示；给予…希望Early mist promises fair weather.晨雾预示好天气。
This year promises to be another good one for harvests.今年看来又是个丰收年。
break [go back] one's [a] promise违背诺言, 违约
give [afford, show] promise有希望, 有前途
I promise you.我敢肯定; 说句老实话; 我警告你。
keep [redeem] one's [a] promise遵守诺言, 守约
make [give] a promise答应, 许诺
of great [high] promise大有希望的, 前程远大的
promise well很有希望, 前景很好
6 present adj.出席的；到场的
How many people were present at the meeting?会议有多少人出席？
There are twenty children present.在座的有20个孩子。
现在的；现存的the present government
What is your present job?你现在的工作是什么？
I don't need the literature at present. Thank you very much all the same.
“我现在还不需要这些文献,但我还是要感谢你。”
at present现在；目前At present, he is on holiday.目前，他正在度假。
for the present眼前；暂时
vt.赠予；颁予
They presented flowers to their teacher.他们献花给老师。
The mayor presented the winner with a silver cup.市长把银杯授予了获胜者。
提出；呈递The committee is presenting its investigation report next week.委员会将于下星期提出调查报告。
介绍；引见；举荐May I present Mr Robinson to you?可否让我向你介绍罗宾逊先生?
The new ambassador was presented to the president.新大使被引见给总统。
at present现在, 目前 be present to出现在...面前
for the present暂时, 暂且 live in the present顺应当前形势, 只顾眼前
up to [until] the present直到现在
7 sue vt., vi.sued, suing
起诉（常与to, for连用）控告
sue at (the) law起诉 sue to sb.请求某人
sue for a woman's hand向女子求婚 sue out a pardon求得宽赦
sue for为...提出诉讼, 诉请..., 请求; 乞求
sue out【律】请求法院而得到 (赦免, 赔偿等)
sue sb. for控告某人违犯...; 向法院起诉要求某人赔偿
8 avoid vt.避开；避免
I crossed the street to avoid meeting him, but he saw me and came running towards me.
我横穿马路以便避开他,但他看到了我并朝我跑过来。
To avoid confusion, the teams wore different colours.为避免混淆,两队分穿不同颜色的衣服。
Young ladies should learn to spend money carefully and avoid extravagance.
年青的妇女要学会花钱审慎小心,避免浪费。
逃避Are you trying to avoid me?你是不是想躲开我？
9 ensure vt.ensured, ensuring使…必然发生 （亦作： insure）
We can ensure that the work shall be done in the right way.我们可以保证把工作做好。
I fitted a new lock to ensure that the bicycle would not be stolen.我装了一把新锁以保证自行车不致失窃。
保护; 使安全(against, from)
保证给, 赋予(to, for)ensure success [safety, supplies]
保证成功[安全, 供应]ensure sb. against[from] danger
10 apply vt., vi. applied, applying
请求；申请I want to apply for the job.我想申请这项工作。
应用；使用；适用The principle of diligence and frugality applies to all undertakings.
勤俭节约的原则适用于一切事业。
涂，敷，抹A nurse is applying some medicine to his wound.有个护士正在给他的伤口敷药。
产生作用；有直接关系What I have said does not apply to you.我说的话与你无关。
This rule does not apply.这个规则不适用。
专心；集中精力 apply oneself to专心从事，埋头于…
The new comer applied his mind to the job.新来的职员工作专心致志。
Students should apply themselves to their study.学生们应该专心致志地学习。
apply to the consul for a visa向领事申请签证
apply a theory to practice把理论应用于实践
apply one's mind to专心于...
We must apply our energies to finding a solution.我们必须全力想出一个解决的办法。
常用短语：be applied to适用于, 应用于, 施加于, 用来表示, 与...接触
apply for申请; 请求, 接洽
apply oneself to致力于, 集中精力做某事
apply sth. to把...施于...; 把...运用于...
apply to关系到, 牵涉到；适用于; 运用于；向...询问, 向...接洽
11 back vt., vi.
向后退The car backed through the gate.车子倒退着开出大门。
（用金钱）资助，支持，援助
The organization is backed by The U.N..该组织由联合国资助。
Will you back me against the others?你会支持我反对其他的人吗？
back down让步，退却；放弃They refused to back down.他们不愿让步。
Since most of the people present agreed with her, I had to back down.
大多数到会的人都同意她的意见,我只好放弃原来的意见了。
back up支持，援助The new evidence backed up my argument.新的证词有助于我的辩论。
倒退，后退‘Don't shoot!’ he said and backed up.“别开枪！” 他说着往后退。
be laid on one's back卧病在床
be on one's back仰卧; [口]卧病; [口]毫无办法, 一筹莫展
back and forth来回; 往复
12 pursue vt.追赶, 追踪, 追击, 继续, 从事
pursue the enemy追击敌人 pursue pleasure寻欢作乐
pursue a calling从事一种职业 pursue a discussion继续讨论
pursue one's studies从事研究
Illness pursued him till his death.疾病一直纠缠着他, 直到他去世。
We have always pursued a friendly policy towards the people all over the world.
对世界人民我们一贯奉行友好政策。
vi.追, 追随(after)继续进行
13 ignore vt.
忽视, 不理睬; 抹煞(建议)【律】驳回; 忽略(不计)
He completely ignored all these facts as though they never existed.
他完全无视这一切, 好象它们根本不存在似的。
She saw him coming but she ignored him.她看见他走过来, 但装做没看到他。
14 ban vt. -nn-（法律上）禁止Smoking is banned in school.在学校禁止吸烟
n.禁止There is a ban on smoking.有一个禁烟令。
15 promote vt.-moted, -moting
（常与to连用）提升；擢升
Our teacher has been promoted to headmaster.我们的老师已被提升为校长了。
积极筹划Who is promoting this boxing match?谁在筹划这次拳击赛？
宣传，推销（商品）Do you have any idea how to promote the sales of this product?
如何来推销这种产品你有什么好办法吗?
promote growth [prosperity, understanding]促进增长[繁荣, 了解]
be promoted (to be [to the rank of]) first mate被提为大副
16 in funds手头有钱; 有资本no funds存款不足(银行退回空头支票时用语)
out of funds缺钱
fund vt. 为…提供基金
The work is funded by the government.这项工程由政府提供基金。
17 remark n.备注, 评论, 注意, 注释
vt.评论, 注意, 谈及vi.谈论
（常与that连用）说
He remarked that it was getting late.他说天色渐晚了。
（常与on, upon连用）谈论；评论
make [pass] a remark on就...发表意见, 对...品头品足
pass without remark置之不理, 置若罔闻; 默认
remark on [upon]谈论, 议论, 评论
general remark一般说明
remarkable adj.不平常的, 非凡的, 值得注意的, 显著的
18 cause n.原因, 导致某事发生的人或事, 动机, 理由, 根据, 目标, 理想, 事业
vt.引起, 惹起, 使(发生), 促成
The heavy rain was the cause of the flood.大雨是导致洪水产生的原因。
There is no cause for anxiety.不必焦虑。
There is no cause for concern, for the windstorm was not too serious.那场风暴不太厉害,没必要担心。
fight for the cause of world peace为世界和平而战
She has made up her mind to fight for the cause of peace all her life.她已下定决心为和平事
V What caused his failure?什么使得他失败了?
His absence caused me much trouble.他的缺席给我带来了许多麻烦。
Necessity caused me to come.我不得不来。
Cause reason都含“原因”的意思。
cause 指“产生结果的原因” 或“使某事发生的原因”, 如:
Carelessness is the cause of his failure.粗心是他失败的原因。
reason 指“根据事实、情况或产生的结果,推导出结论的理由或道理”, 如:
The reason for the flood was all that heavy rain.那场大雨是发生洪水的原因。
Word Formation
Prefix Example Meaning
anti- anti-cloning, anticancer against, opposed to
dis-
un- disappear, disagree
unfair, unwilling not, apposed of
in-
il-
im-
ir- incorrect, incomparable
illegal, illogical
immoral, immodest
irresponsible, irregular
not, without
pre- preview, preserve early, before
pro- pro-cloning in favour of, supporting
re- recreate, repeat, renew again
Some other commonly used prefixes
Prefix Example Meaning
de- decompose, declassify apart, from
mal- maltreatment, malnutrition badly, ill
non- non-smoker, non-alcoholic, non-profit not
inter- international, interaction, interrupt between
tele- telescope, telegram, telecommunication far off
trans- transport, translate, transnational across
mis- misunderstand, mislead, misdeed wrong
sub- subtitle, subway, submarine under
over- overeat, overwork, overact too much
tri- triangle, tricycle, tricolor three
auto- autobiography, autoalarm, automobile self
Suffixes
Suffix Example Meaning
-able comfortable, noticeable worthy of, able to be
-ful cheerful, thoughtful full of, characterized by
-ist scientist, novelist someone who does something
-less hopeless, aimless without
-ment agreement, treatment indicate a state or condition
-ness dryness, madness indicate a quality, state or character
Some other commonly used suffixes
-al cultural, national, original of or concerning
-ion invitation, competition, protection action or condition of…
-ship hardship, scholarship, relationship state of being, skill
-dom freedom, kingdom condition or state of…
-ish childish, selfish of the nature of…
-proof waterproof, fireproof, soundproof protect against
-en widen, sharpen, shorten make or become
-ward eastward, homeward, backward in the direction of
-like womanlike, childlike similar to
Listening skills(P68-P73)
Pharmacy n.药房, 药剂学, 配药业, 制药业, 一批备用药品 ; staff n. 支柱, 全体职员, [军]参谋机构 ; press release n.新闻稿 ;
1 value vt.-ued, -uing估价；定价
He valued the ring at $80.他估计这枚戒指值80美元。
尊重；珍视
I value your advice.我尊重你的劝告。
of no value没有价值的
put [set) little value on [upon]对...评价不高; 不怎么重视
put [set] much [a high] value on [upon]对...给予高度评价; 重视(I don't put much value on what he says.我不重视他所说的话)
set a value on估价, 评价(I asked him to set a value on the pictures. 我请他对这些画估个价。)
value at估(某物的)价为
value oneself on [upon]以...自豪; 以...夸耀自己
2 recommend vt.推荐；推举
Can you recommend a good dictionary?你能介绍一本好词典吗？
劝告；忠告I recommend you to wait.我劝你等一等。
recommend to try a new medicine建议试服一种新药
（与to连用）交付；托付
The dying man recommended his soul to God.这垂危病人把灵魂交付上帝。
recommend a child to sb.把小孩子托给某人照管
recommend that sb should do…
Writing(P77-P79)
Perishable adj.容易腐烂的; spoilage n.食物变质，食物腐坏; prolong vt.延长, 拖延
Aesthetic adj.美学的, 审美的, 有审美感的;
1 argue vt.辩论, 争论;说服, 劝说;主张, 认为, 论证
They argued the case for hours.他们就这件事争论了数小时。
They tried to argue him into joining them.他们试图说服他参加。
Her accent argues that she is from Dalian.
argue about\ on \over辩论[争论]某事
argue against反驳;显示出与...相反的结论, 证明...是站不住脚的
argue down驳倒某人
argue for赞成; 为...而力争
argue sb. into说服某人(做某事或接受某种意见)
argue sb. out of说服某人不做某事, 打消某种念头
2 behalf n.为, 利益
‘Don't trouble to do it on my behalf.不要为了我去麻烦了。
on behalf of代表, 为了
on sb.'s behalf以某人的名义; 为了某人; 代表某人
My husband could not be here tonight, but l want to thank you on his behalf.
我丈夫今晚因故不能前来, 我代表他向你们致谢。
3 estimate vt.估计，判断
（常与that连用）估价
（常与at连用）估计
I estimate her age at 35.我估计她有35岁。
at a rough estimate据粗略估计
by estimate照估计
form an estimate of给...作一估计; 评价
make an estimate of给...作一估计; 评价
4 perish vi.毁灭, 灭亡, 死去;枯萎, 腐烂, 腐朽
The city perished in an earthquake.这城在一次地震中毁灭。
5 evident adj.明显的
It's evident that you are tired.显然你累了。
6 reputation n.名声; 名誉;声望, 名望;荣[信]誉, 体面; 著名
a man of no reputation没有声望的人
a person of reputation有信誉的人, 体面的人
build up a reputation博得名声
have a good [bad] reputation名誉好[坏]
have a reputation for sth. (=have the reputation of)因...而著名, 以...闻名
live up to one's reputation不负盛名; 名副其实
lose [ruin] one's reputation名誉扫地
of great[good, high] reputation很有声望的, 享有盛名的
of no reputation声名狼藉的
of reputation有名望的
7 merit n.优点；价值；功绩
These so-called merits are often offset by its undesirable effects.
这些所谓的好处往往被鞭炮产生的不良后果抵消了。
There's little merit in passing the driving test if you don't have a car of your own.
“如果你没有自己的汽车,通过驾驶考试也没什么价值。”
vt.应得；应受；值得
His work merits a prize.他的工作值得奖赏。
He merited all the praise which had been given to him.他理应受到人们给他的一切称赞。
8 to a certian extent在一定程度上, 有几分, 部分地
to a great extent很大程度上, 非常
to some extent某种程度上, (多少)有一点
to that extent达到那样的程度
to the extent of到...的程度
9 cut across取捷径；走近路;超越
a new group of members of parliament that cuts across party lines无党派议员组成的新团体
cut back剪枝；修剪;减少；缩小；削减
to cut back on industrial production缩减工业生产
cut down砍倒；砍伤；砍死;减少；减低
to cut down a tree with an axe用斧头把树砍倒
to cut down on smoking减少抽烟
cut in插嘴Don't cut in while I'm talking.我说话时别插嘴。
（突然）插入to cut in on a queue加塞儿
cut out剪除；切掉；割掉to cut out a dress裁剪衣服
停止；放弃to cut out smoking戒烟
cut up切碎;使受苦
Jean was really cut up when her husband left her.在丈夫抛弃她之后，简痛苦极了。
10 apart from除…外
All the children like music apart from Bobby.除了博比外所有的孩子都喜欢音乐。
The writer lives apart from his family.作家不与家人同住。
Apart from being too large, the trousers don't suit me.
这条裤子不但太大,而且我穿着也不合适。
Apart from a few words, I do not know any French at all.
除了很少的几句外,我对法语一无所知。
词汇
bride[braid]n.新娘 bridegroom n.新郎 gown n.长袍, 法衣, 礼服, 睡袍 banquet n.宴会 florist n.种花人 consultation n.请教, 咨询, 磋商, [医]会诊 bouquet [bu(:)kei,]n.花束bunch n.串, 束v.捆成一束 limousine[limu(:)zi:n] n.豪华轿车 reception[risepFEn]n.接待, 招待会, 接收 registry .注册, 登记, 注册处, 登记处, 船舶的国籍 stationary 固定的 stationery n.文具, 信纸 album n.集邮本, 照相簿, 签名纪念册 kettle n.壶, 罐, 釜, 鼓 towel n.手巾, 毛巾 toaster n.举杯祝贺者 pillow n.枕头, 枕垫 tablespoon n.大汤匙 champagne n.香槟酒, 香槟色 attendant n.随从，随员 eclipse n.食, 日蚀, 月蚀, 蒙蔽, 衰落
Reading (Planning for the perfect wedding)
1 purpose n.目的；意图(p40)
He went to town with the purpose of buying a new television.
他进城的目的是买一台新电视机。
What is his purpose in coming back this time?他这次回来的意图是什么?
vt. -posed, -posing意欲；企图；打算
We purpose making another trial / to make another trial.我们打算再试一下。
The government purposed that the project would be carried out before long.
政府决心不久就开始实行这项工程。
I do not purpose that he will have his own way.我不准备让他一意孤行。
常用短语：on purpose故意地；为了；特地
I came here on purpose to see you.我特地来这里看你。
for (the) purpose of为的是; 为了....起见; 为了...的目的
to the purpose得要领的, 中肯的; 合适的
to no purpose完全徒劳无益, 毫无结果地, 毫无成效地
2 aim vt., vi.（常与at连用）瞄准；对准
He aimed the gun at the enemy officer.他用枪瞄准了敌军官。
以…为目标
I aim to be a lawyer.我要当个律师。
He aimed to swim a mile.他的目标是游一英里。
The factory must aim at developing new models of machines.该工厂必须致力于研制新型机械。
3 connection n.连接, 关系, 接线, 线路, 亲戚
Do you believe that there's a connection between smoking and heart disease?
你相信吸烟与心脏病有关系吗?
We have connections with various international corporations in Europe.
我们同欧洲的多家跨国公司有业务往来。
常用短语：in connection with与...有关系， 和(车、船等）联络着
in this connection关于这一点， 就此而论
connect vt., vi.（常to, with与连用）连接；结合；连结
Will you connect this wire to the television.你把这根电线和电视机连上好吗？
“If it is built, it will connect Britain to Europe for the first time in history.”
“如果隧道建成,它将有史以来第一次把英国和欧洲大陆连接起来。”
（与with连用）接驳（火车、汽车、飞机 等联运），换车；衔接
This flight connects with New York one.这班飞机在纽约可接上另一班机。
接通电话
Connect me with Beijing University.给我接北京大学。
（与with连用）有联系，有关
That solitary old man was suspected to be connected with the crime.
那个孤独的老头被怀疑与犯罪事件有关。
常用短语：connect up连起来， 接上
connect with和...有联系， 和...有关
4 require vt 需要
The floor requires washing.地板该洗了。
Most plants require sunlight.大部分植物需要阳光
I require two children to help me.我需要两个孩子来帮我的忙。
要求
All passengers are required to show their tickets.所有乘客都必须出示车票。
常用短语：It requires that ...有...的必要
require sth. of sb.对某人有...的要求
require sb. to do sth.要求某人做某事
5 choose vt., vi.chose, chosen, choosing
挑选；选择
Who did you choose as the new member of the construction committee?
你选谁当建设委员会的新委员?
She chose to study chemistry.她选择了学化学。
choose three from [among, out of] these books从这些书中选三本书
C-me a good hoe.替我选一把好锄头。
决定；拿定主意；愿意, 宁愿 [后跟不定式]
He chose not to go home.他决定不回家了。
His uncle chose to settle in the countryside.他叔父决意在乡下定居。
chose to fly rather than drive.决定乘飞机去而不是开车去
常用短语：as you choose随你喜欢; 听你的便
cannot choose but不得不,只好
choose select pick都含“挑选”、“ 选择”的意思。
choose 系常用词, 指“一般的选择”, 侧重“凭个人意志或判断进行选择”, 如:
Leave it to you to choose between the two methods.任你在这两种方法中作出抉择。
select 强调“在广泛的范围内精选、淘汰”, 侧重“以客观为标准进行选择”, 如:
They're selecting maize seeds.他们在选玉米种。
pick 强调“从个人角度在众多中进行挑选”, 有时含有“任意选择”的意思, 如:
pick one's words选词。
6 costly adj.-lier, -liest
价值高的；贵重的
The ring was very costly.这枚戒指价钱很贵。
昂贵的；代价高的
the costliest war in history历史上代价最高的战争
costly expensive dear valuable invaluable都含“贵的”， “昂贵的”意思。
costly通常指“由于物品华丽、稀少而价格高的”， 如：costly jewels 贵重的宝石。expensive系常用词， 指“价格超过货物本身的价值或一般人的购买力”， 如：an expensive book 一本价钱贵的书。dear 指“价格比通常情况或其实际价值高”， 如：Meat is dear these days.近日肉类很贵。valuable 指“由于有价值很值钱而价格高的”， 如：valuable collections 贵重的收藏品。 invaluable指“价值高得不能以钱来评估的”， 即“无价的”， 如：invaluable aid 宝贵的援助
7 supply vt.-plied, -plying（常与with连用）供给；提供
That company supplies paper to the printers.那家公司向印刷商提供纸张。
Supply n.
-plies储备；贮藏
Our supplies for this month are in the cupboard.我们这个月的生活用品在橱子里。
量
a large supply of food大量的食物
供给，供应
The supply is inadequate to meet the demand.供不应求。
[pl. ]供应品; 生活用品; 补给品 medical -lies医疗用品
常用短语：have a good [large] supply of备有许多
in short supply供应不足
supply...for把...供给
supply ...with向...供应
8 match n.
火柴, 比赛, 竞赛, 匹配, (足球, 捧球, 蓝球)比赛
v.相配, 相称, 比赛, 相比, 匹配
vt., vi.相等；发现（找到）相等物
They are equally matched in their knowledge of Chinese.他们在中文的造诣上相等。
This hotel can't be matched for friendliness.这家旅馆良好的服务态度是无与伦比的。
相似；相配
These shoes do not match；one is large and the other is small.这双鞋不相配，一只大，一只小。
It's difficult to match the color of old paint.很难找到和旧画颜色相配的色彩
常用短语：be no match for比不上, 不是...的对手
match against [with]使与...相竞争
match to使和...相等
suit； fit； suitable
fit用作及物动词，意为“与……相符、符合；合……身”；用作不及物动词，意为“适合、合身”。多指衣物等尺寸大小合身、合脚。
suit意为“适合”。多指衣物等的颜色、款式、质地等适合，穿起来协调、好看；合乎需要、口味、性格、条件和地位等。如：
This coat doesn't suit you．这件外套不适合你。（比较：This coat doesn't fit you．这件外套不合你的身。）
fit直接可用作形容词，常构成be fit for意为“适于；称职”；suit的形容词为suitable，be suitable for相当于be fit for。另外：suit常用作名词，意为“一套／副（衣服等）”：a man's suit包括外套 jacket，背心waist coat和裤子trousers，a woman's suit包括上衣coat和裙子skirt； fit还可作“安装”解。
9（1） keep away使离开，使站开
（2）keep back阻止，阻挡
The police tried to keep the crowd back from the injured man.
警察试图挡住人群，不让他们靠近受伤的人。
隐瞒，保留
He can keep nothing back from his friends.他向朋友什么也瞒不住。
扣下；留下
The boss keeps back $50 a month towards my uniform.老板每月扣我50美元服装费。
（3）keep down
控制，压制
They are taking steps to keep down the rabbit population.他们采取步骤控制兔子的繁殖增长。
卧下；蹲下；不举起
Keep down - they're shooting at us!趴下，他们向我们开枪呢。
咽下；不吐出
I feel ill, doctor, and I can't keep any food down.大夫，我病了，咽不下任何东西。
（4）keep off避开；不接近
Keep off the grass!请勿践踏草地！
My doctor has warned me to keep off sugar.我的医生劝我别吃糖。
Keep your dog off me.把你的狗从我这儿拿开！
（5）keep on继续；保持
He just kept on writing.他正在继续写。
（6）keep out
关在门外；不准入内
to keep the smoke out不让烟进来
This coat keeps out the wind.这大衣挡风。
（7）keep out of躲开；置身于…之外
Do you try to keep out of trouble!你得躲开这麻烦。
Keep out of the sun.避免日照。
（8）keep to
坚持；保持；不离开
He always keeps to his promises.他总是说话算数的。
（9）keep up继续；坚持
If this rain keeps up the garden will be ruined.如果这雨继续下，花园就完蛋了。
保持；维持
The high cost of materials keeps up prices.材料的昂贵费用使价格居高不下。
keep up with跟上；不落后；赶上
Don't run - I can't keep up with you.别跑了，我赶不上你了。
10 reserve vt.保留；留下备用;预订；预约
I have reserved a room for you at the hotel.我已在旅馆为你预订了一个房间。
n.贮藏，储备;保护区
reserve of food食物储备
a nature reserve自然保护区
常用短语：in reserve备用的
without reserve无保留地；无条件地
I believe your story without reserve.我毫无保留地相信你说的。
adj.预备的; 后备的; 限制的
a reserve price最低价格
11 be in contact with和...接触， 有联系
be out of contact with［脱离接触， 失去联系］
bring into contact with使接触， 使与...联系
come into (in) contact with接触， 碰上
have contact with接触到， 和...有联系
lose contact with和...失去联系， 离开
make contact with和...接触［联系］
12 resist vt., vi.
抵抗；反抗；敌对
the power to resist disease抗拒疾病的能力
忍住；顶住
She could hardly resist laughing。她真忍不住要笑。
I can't resist baked apples.我顶不住烤苹果的诱惑。
resist temptation不受引诱
13 ask advice of向...征求意见, 请教
by sb.'s advice依某人劝告
on sb.'s advice依某人劝告
follow sb.'s advice接受某人意见
give advice劝告, 忠告
14 break down
使崩溃；毁坏：break down a partition; broke down our resolve.
捣毁一堵隔墙；丧失了我们的决心
使健康、精神崩溃
放弃抵抗；屈服：
broke down and bought a new car; prejudices that break down slowly.
不再坚持，买了一辆新的小轿车；慢慢放弃了的偏见
失效；没用了：
The elevator broke down.电梯出毛病了
使…变弱，变得无效：
Opposition to the king's rule gradually broke down his authority.
对国王统治的反抗逐渐削弱了他的权威
To divide into or consider in parts; analyze.
从化学上分解，使从化学上分解
常用短语： （1）break away突然离开; 逃走；脱离; 放弃; 革除拆除, 拆毁
（2）break in闯入; 破门而入；打断; 插嘴
（3）break into闯入; 潜入; 破门而入；插入; 打断；开始(某种活动)；突然...起来
（4）break off突然停止; 暂停; 休息一下；折断; 绝交；因顶头风而改变航向
（5）break off with与...断绝交往
（6）break out发生; 爆发；然说出[发出, 做出]
（7）break through突破；(在科学研究上)有重大发现；服; 打破
（8）break up成小块; 拆开; 分解；散；哄堂大笑；(天气)突然变化； (学校期末)放假
15 keen adj.锋利的, 敏锐的, 敏捷的, 热心的, 渴望的 p47
热心的；渴望的；（与连on用）热心…的；对…有兴趣；喜爱…的
They are rather keen to purchase Chinese goods.他们渴望购买中国货。
She's keen on sailing.她喜爱驾船。
They are rather keen on your new-type woolens.他们对你的新型毛织品颇感兴趣。
Integratated skills
1 compete vi.
竞争（with， in）
比赛（in）
对抗（against， with）
compete with other countries for world market与其它国家竞争国际市场
compete in a race参加赛跑
compete with [against] sb. for sth.与某人竞争而获得某物
The young tennis player has often compete d against famous players, but so far he has always been beaten.那位年轻的网球运动员常与著名球员对抗比赛， 可是到目前为止， 他总是输的。to compete with others for a prize为得奖与人竞争
2 critical adj.批判的, 批评性的, 评论性的;挑剔的, 对...表示不满意的
a critical eye挑剔的目光
be critical of sth.对某事表示谴责
3 advantage n.优势, 有利条件, 利益
常用短语：be of advantage to对...有利
gain\get\have\win an advantage over\of胜过, 优于
give sb. an advantage over使某人处于更有利的地位
take advantage of乘机利用;利用别人的弱点占便宜; 欺骗;
to sb.'s advantage(=to the advantage sb.)对...有利
turn out to sb.'s advantage变得对某人有利
turn sth. to advantage使转化为有利, 利用某事物
Is there any advantage in getting there early?早到那里是否值得?
It is to your advantage to invest wisely.明智地投资对你很有利
A better education gave us the advantage.良好的教育使我们处于有利地位
take advantage of all educational opportunities.利用一切教育机会
4 point n.点, 尖端, 分数, 要点, 分数; 要点；含义; 用处；用途
We won by 5 points.我们赢了5分。
I don't see the point of waiting for her, she is probably not coming.
我不知道等她有什么意义，她可能不来了。
What is the point of discussing this issue further?这件事再讨论下去有什么意义呢?
There's no point in wasting time.耗时间没用。
常用短语：in point of 就…而言；关于…：
In point of fact, I never lived at the address stated on the form.
事实上，我从未在表中所填的那个地址居住过
to the point切题的，或与正在讨论的事件有关的：
remarks that were to the point; rambled and would not speak to the point.
和本题相关的话；随便地乱讲却不讲与本题相关的
make a point of特别注意
made a point of visiting their niece on the way home.总是在回家的路上顺便看望他们的侄女
on the point of… when…
…关头紧接在一个特定的事件前面的时间间隔；临界点：
5 put aside节省（钱、时间）；储蓄；储存…备用
The young lovers have been trying to put some money aside for their marriage ceremony.
年青的恋人一直努力存钱以备举行婚礼时用。
He has a little money put aside for a rainy day.他积蓄了一点钱以备不时之需。
撇开；置之不理；把…放在一边
The manager had to put his work aside for a time for an urgent accident.
经理不得不暂时搁下手头的工作去处理一件紧急事故。
put away
put off延期；推迟
Don't put off until tomorrow what can be done today.今日可做的事不要拖到明天。
put on假装；伪装;增加；添上表演，演出，上演（戏剧）;穿上；戴上
“She was a shy girl, but she put on a bold front and went to the party.”
“她是个害羞的女孩子,然而她却装出一副勇敢的样子去参加聚会。”
So many people wanted to go to the match that another train had to be put on.
“要去观看比赛的人那么多,只好增开一列火车。”
put on speed增加速度
He put his coat on.他穿上外衣。
put out熄灭；关熄；扑灭生产；出产；出版
Please put out the light before you go to bed.上床之前请把灯关掉.
put up举起；抬起；张开（伞）
to put up a tent架起帐篷
Put your hands up!; Put 'em up!举起手来!
张贴；公布to put up a notice张贴布告
put up with忍受；忍耐；受苦
I can't put up with your hypocricy any more.我再也不能容忍你的虚伪态度了。
“That woman, as a housewife, has a lot to put up with.”那个女人是个家庭主妇不得不忍受许多烦恼。
put forward提出提议以供考虑：
put forward a new plan.提出一个新计划
6 annoy vt.annoyed, annoying使烦恼；使生气
annoy with生…的气
annoy at讨厌某事
The sound of footsteps on the bare floor annoyed the downstairs neighbors.
楼上地板的脚步声吵得楼下住户心烦。
常用短语：be annoyed with sb. for sth.对(某人)为(某事)而生气
be annoyed with sb. at sth.对(某人)为(某事)而生气
7 deter vt.-rr-
（常与from连用）使不敢；威慑；吓住；阻拦；不许
Failure did not deter us from trying it again.失败并没有能阻挡我们再次进行试验。
8 delight vt., vi.给予乐趣；使人高兴
I was delighted to be invited to her party.我很高兴被邀请参加她的晚会。
（常与in连用）热衷于；引以为乐
She delights in cooking lovely meals.她以烹饪美食为乐。
n.乐趣；喜悦；欣喜
to laugh with delight高兴地大笑
Movies give delight to millions of people.电影使亿万人获得乐趣。
Singing is her chief delight.唱歌是她的主要爱好。
常用短语：take delight in喜爱, 以...为乐
to sb.'s delight令人高兴的是..
. delight in喜爱, 以...为乐
9 as well as conj.既…又：
courageous as well as strong.既健康又勇敢
as well as prep.都：
The editors as well as the proofreaders are working overtime.编辑和校对者都在加班工作
The money will help the scientists conduct research into the cause of cancer as well as helping those who are suffering from cancer.
1. get more and more crowded 越来越拥挤了
2. hold up 堵塞，支撑
3. as a mater of fact 事实上，其实
4. worse and worse 越来越坏的
5. be worried about 为～担忧
6. try to do 尽力，去做
7. try doing 尝试做
8. miss many common things 过错许多平常物
9. as well as 和
10. be made of 用～制造
11. be made from 用～制造
12. be made into 被制成
13. be made up of| 由～组成
14. many different types of 许多不同的类型
15. finished products 成品
16. resistant to fire 耐火
17. at a low price 以低的价格
18. find out 弄清楚，弄明白
19. throw sth across the room 把~扔到房子的另一边
20. land on the red-hot stove 落在炽热的火炉上
21. a puff of smoke 一阵烟
22. work with great care 很小心地工作
23. make sure 确定
24. another three years passed 又三年过去了
25. over and over again 一再地
Unit 2
26. as far as 据~，按照
27. on Channel 8 在8频道
28. look up the programme 查看节目单
29. intelligence test 智力测验
30. be worth doing 值得一做
31. be worthy of being done 值得一做
32. be worthy to be done 值得一做
33. TV Guide 电视导报
34. turn to Channel 20 转到20频道
35. be grouped together 被聚集到一起
36. under one roof 在一个屋顶下
37. over the past forty years 在过去四十年期间
38. continue to appear 层出不穷
39. offer a wide choice of 提供广泛的选择
40. with the rise of 随着~的上升
41. experience a number of changes 经历许多的变化
42. be driven out of business 被驱出商业圈
43. it is clear that 显而易见
44. the number of ~ 的数量
45. a number of 许多的，大量的
46. continue into the future 持续到未来
47. grocery store 食品杂货商店
48. household items 家庭用品
49. be divided into 被区分为
50. canned foods 罐装食物
51. bottled drinks 瓶装饮料
52. that is 也就是，即
53. pick out 挑选
54. pay in cash 付现金
55. by credit card 用信用卡
Unit 3
56. language lab 语音室
57. at that time 在那时
58. audio-visual aids 视听设备
59. look up-to-date 看起来新潮
60. the Empire State Building 帝国大厦
61. at first 首先
62. in the center of 在……中心
63. a certain poet 某位诗人
64. some poet 某位诗人
65. make arrangements 做出安排
66. be asked to do 应邀做某事
67. be invited to do 应邀做某事
68. give advice on 就……提出建议
69. help (to) do 帮助做，有助于做
70. help sb. (to) do 帮助某人做谋事
71. make the play successful 使演出成功
72. prove to be a difficult man 证明是个难缠的人
73. definite ideas 固定的念头
74. produce a sunset effect 产生一种日落的效果
75. try out 试用，挑选
76. combination of lights 灯光组合
77. had been dreaming of 一直梦想的
78. ever since 自从……以来
79. shout excitedly to the electrician 激动地对着电工喊
80. behind the stage 在舞台后面
81. keep it like that 保持那样的效果
82. why ever not 到底为什么不
83. on fire 着火
84. catch fire 着火
85. play with fire 玩火
86. set fire to 纵火，放火
87. make a fire 生火
88. put out the fire 灭火
89. without saying a word 一言不发
Unit 4
90. without your help 如果没有你的帮助
91. Don’t mention it. 别客气
92. think nothing of it 别想这件事了
93. of great help 很有帮助，能帮上忙
94. play marbles 玩弹子
95. for keeps 占为己有
96. take advantage of 利用
97. make use of 利用
98. youth and ignorance 年幼无知
99. as a result 结果，因此
100. grow fewer and fewer 变得越来越少
101. pretty soon 不久，很快
102. make off 匆匆离开
103. leave sb. alone 丢下某人不管
104. be sorry for 对……感到抱歉
105. learn a good lesson 得了一个好教训
106. teach sb. a good lesson 狠狠地教训了某人
107. dry his tears 擦干他的眼泪
108. go buy some more marbles 去再买几个弹子
109. keep them to play with 留着玩
110. deserve to lose 注定要输
111. reply to 回答
112. in one’s turn 轮到某人
113. find out 弄清楚，弄明白
114. at first sight 第一眼，乍一看
115. law and order 治安
116. hold out 提供，伸出
117. play games of chance 玩投机游戏
118. run a risk 冒险
119. in civilized countries 在文明国家里
120. break down 坍塌，坏掉
121. for the same reason 由于相同的原因
122. throw …into misery 使…突陷悲惨之境
123. end up in theft, robbery 以盗窃、抢劫
124. and crimes of violence 和暴力犯罪而告终
Unit Five
125. relatively new game 相对较新的游戏
126. relatively speaking 相对来说
127. a certain college 某所大学
128. have trouble with 同…闹纠纷，在…方面有麻烦
129. male student 男学生
130. usual outdoor sports 一般的户外运动
131. on a rather small court 在相当小的场地上
132. violent movement 剧烈运动
133. keep sb from doing 防止某人做某事
134. stop sb from doing 防止某人做某事
135. prevent sb from doing 防止某人做某事
136. get into fights 打架
137. fill the requirements 满足要求
138. in order to make a score 为了得分
139. be thrown into a basket 被投入篮中
140. get its name 得名
141. be added to 被加到…上
142. an immediate success 即刻的成功
143. the World Cup 世界杯
144. every four years 每四年
145. from all over the world 来自全世界
146. one quarter 四分之一，一刻钟
147. in the middle of the night 在半夜
148. seem like a true competition 好像一场真实的比赛
149. elimination match 淘汰赛
150. other than 除……外
151. compete for the cup 争夺……杯
152. cheer enthusiastically for 为……助威、加油
153. represent the country’s honor 代表国家荣誉
154. host country 主办国
Unit Six
155. help out 帮助某人摆脱困难
156. take sb to the doctor’s 带某人去看医生
157. miss the meeting 误了开会
158. be obliged to do 被迫做某事
159. be bored with 对……感到厌烦
160. desire to do 想要做
161. be claimed to be 据称是
162. within a stone’s throw 一箭之遥
163. house agency 房屋中介
164. arrange to do 安排做某事
165. arrange for sb to do 安排某人做某事
166. have a look at 看一眼……
167. at least a kilometer from … 离…至少一公里
168. object to doing 反对做某事
169. wouldshould be interested to do 想要做某事
170. walk a long way 走很长的路
171. organize entertainment 组织娱乐活动
172. in a public park 在公园里
173. wear a waterproof hat 带防水帽
174. special request 特殊要求
175. as soon as sb can 尽可能快一点
176. as soon as possible
Unit Seven
177. opposite the new railway station 在新客站对面
178. once upon a time 从前，很久以前
179. look down upon 轻视，看不起
180. do not know what to do 不知道该怎么办
181. slip from the horse 从马上滑下
182. fall onto the road 掉到路上
183. fall on the road 摔倒在路上
184. come riding by 骑马过来
185. lend sb a hand 帮某人一个忙
186. give sb a hand 帮某人一个忙
187. do sb a favor 帮某人一个忙
188. It was not will not be long before 不久
189. It was will be long before 很久才…
190. one’s heart sank 某人很失望
191. dare not do sth 不敢做某事
192. not dare to do 不敢做某事
193. ask sb for help 求某人帮忙
194. turn to sb for help 求某人帮忙
195. askeg a favor of sb 求某人帮忙
196. so great a man 一位如此重要的人
197. such a great man 一位如此重要的人
198. get off the horse 下马
199. have bad luck 不走运
200. at the right time 正好，恰好
201. in trouble 遇到麻烦
202. fairy tale 神话
203. in memory of 纪念，怀念
204. tell sb of sth 跟某人说起某事
205. fly over the city 飞过城市
206. the rich 富人
207. make merry 作乐
208. starving children 挨饿的孩子们
209. in one another’s arms 互相抱着
210. keep warm 保暖
211. be covered with 被……覆盖
212. leaf byafter leaf 一片一片地
213. the living 活着的人
Unit Eight
214. not so well 不太好
215. in a hurry 匆忙地
216. check one’s answers 检查答案
217. If only I had been more careful! 我要是更小心点就好了！
218. How could that be? 那怎么可能呢？
219. I wish I had worked harder. 我要是再努力一点就好了。
220. come to anything difficult 碰到任何难事
221. do sb good 对某人有好处
222. do good to sb 对某人有好处
223. learn sth thoroughly 学得透彻一点
224. be ready to give up 准备放弃
225. do sth worthwhile 做有价值之事
226. accomplish wonders 创造奇迹
227. meet with difficulties 遇到困难
228. all through life 整个人生
229. keep on doing 继续做某事
230. strive to do sth 努力做某事
231. be prepared for 为……作好准备
232. grow up 长大
233. have practical use 有实用价值
234. teach students the way to learn 教给学生学习方法
235. in addition 另外
236. not only…but also 不但…而且
237. get along with 与…相处，取得进展
238. be different in characters 性格不同
239. A school is a small society. 学校是个小社会。
240. in later life 在以后的生活中
Unit Nine
241. avoiding doing sth 避免做某事
242. consider doing sth 考虑做某事
243. mean to do sth 想要做某事
244. mean doing sth 意味着做某事
245. be filled with 充满了…
246. be full of 充满了…
247. from all over the world 来自全世界
248. have a great effect on 对……有重大影响
249. become very common in… 在……方面变得很普遍
250. by the end of this century 到本世纪末为止
251. touch on everyone’s life 触及每个人的生活
252. in distant villages 在遥远的村庄里
253. revolutionary invention 革命性的发明
254. stored-program computers 程序存储计算机
255. that is 即，也就是
256. become small in size 体积变小
257. advancements in science 科学的进步
258. make war 打仗
259. improve our lives 改善我们的生活
260. whether or not 不管……还是
261. carry out 实施
262. take …into consideration 加以考虑
263. there is a limit to… 被使用
264. do simple computations 做简单的运算
265. with lightning speed 以闪电般的速度
266. 500,000 times faster than a man 比人快五十万倍
267. no wonder 难怪
268. 10-digit number 十位数
Unit 10
269. It should have been 9 o’clock. 应该是九点
270. How careless of me. 我真粗心
271. apologize for 因……而道歉
272. from now on 从现在起
273. for centuries 有好几个世纪
274. the Atlantic Ocean 大西洋
275. prevent sb from doing sth 防止某人做某事
276. only half as big as the Pacific 只有太平洋一半大
277. at its narrowest 在它的最窄处
278. about 3200 km wide 大约三千二百公里宽
279. for so large an ocean 对于这么大的洋来说
280. the world’s saltiest ocean 世界上最咸的洋
281. be brought to 被带到
282. dry up 干涸
283. seem to have grown smaller 好像已变小
284. make the trip 成行，旅行
285. less than 少于
286. a narrow piece of land 狭窄地带
287. carry diseases 携带疾病
288. be finally opened 最终开通
289. pass through the canal 通过运河
290. pay a fine 付罚款
291. such fast ways of travelling 如此快速的旅行方法
292. suppose no more rain fell into it 假设不再有雨水落入
293. millions of 数百万
Unit Eleven
294. on the bench 在长凳上
295. mean to do 想要做
296. mean dong 意味着做
297. hear sb reciting a poem 听到某人朗诵诗
298. at the English evening 在英语晚会上
299. do a good job 做得好
300. musical instrument 乐器
301. answer to the question 问题的答案
302. play a part in 在……中起作用
303. folk song 民歌
304. resounding patriotic song 嘹亮的爱国歌曲
305. at this age 在这个年龄
306. take music lessons 上音乐课
307. listen to popular music 听流行音乐
308. portable radio 便携式收音机
309. latest news 最新消息
310. the old he young 老人、年轻人
311. be available to everyone 人人可得
312. provide sth for sb 提供某物给某人
313. supply sb with sth 给某人提供某物
314. relax our nerves 放松我们的神经
315. belong to 属于
316. classical Western music 西方古典音乐
317. be worth making the effort 值得做出努力
Unit Twelve
318. for quite some time 很长时间
319. what kept you？ 什么事耽搁了你？
320. make sure 确认、确定
321. keep sb doing sth 让某人不停地做某事
322. assure sb 向某人保证
323. the other day 几天前
324. a white-haired man 一位白发老人
325. the wrinkles in his face and neck 脸上脖子上手上的皱纹
and on his hands
326. articles on long life 关于长寿的文章
327. be popular with sb 深受某人的欢迎
328. ask for an interview 要求采访
329. get bored doing sth 烦做某事
330. until a little while ago 直到刚才
331. live a full and active life 过着充实积极的生活
332. without a moment’s rest 一刻也不休息
333. smoke a cigarette 吸一支烟
334. on the contrary 相反
335. smoke one’s head off 不停地吸烟
336. as for alcoholic drinks 至于含酒精饮料
337. be bad for health 对健康有害
338. Don’t be silly. 别傻了。
339. Would you mind if… 如果……你介意吗
340. at work 在工作
341. be aware of 意识到
342. whether …or not 不管……还是
343. till the last moment of life 直到生命的最后一刻
344. for instance 例如
345. start as a single cell 始于一个单细胞
346. be composed of 由……组成
347. suffer from 遭受……(的痛苦)
Unit 13
348. 1.a boy named Chen Ming 一个叫陈明的男孩
349. 2.help sb with sth 帮助某人作某事
350. 3.give some advice on 就某事提出建议
351. 4.written English 书面英语
352. That was good of you. 你真好
353. flutter in the wind 在风中飘荡
354. bring the first kites to the West 把风筝带到西方
355. coloured kites 彩色风筝
356. as gifts 作为礼物
357. the Festival of Ascending on High 登高节
358. of different shapes and sizes 形状和大小各不相同
359. fill the sky 布满天空
360. look like dragons and lions 看起来象龙和狮子
361. all day long 一整天
362. fish-shaped kites 鱼状风筝
363. in honour of 向…表示致敬
364. by killing a man-eating fish 靠杀死一条食人鱼
365. grass-eating animal 食草动物
366. peace-loving people 爱好和平的人民
367. not only for fun 不仅仅是为了玩
368. throughout history 整个历史中
369. distinctly Chinese activity 明显中国式的活动
370. require skill and patience 需要技巧和耐心
371. be provided free to children 免费提供给孩子们
372. marching bands 游行的乐队
Unit 14
373. ache all over 全身疼痛
374. be jammed in a crowded bus 被堵在一辆拥挤的汽车里
375. quite a few 很多
376. feel squashed 感到被挤扁了
377. in the near future 在不久的将来
378. I can hardly breathe. 我几乎不能呼吸。
379. informal invitation 非正式邀请
380. International Labour Day 国际劳动节
381. have a lot of fun 过得很愉快
382. Remember me to your parents. 代我向你的父母问好。
383. Give my love to your parents. 代我向你的父母问好。
384. accept the invitation 接受邀请
385. straight away 立刻
386. look forward to 盼望
387. hear from 收到某人的来信
388. warmest regards to sb 向某人表示最热烈的问候
389. decline an invitation 谢绝邀请
390. long to do sth 渴望做某事
391. spend vacation with sb 和某人一起度假
392. it’s high time for sb to do sth 是某人做某事的时候了
393. be delighted to do sth 很高兴做某事
394. this coming Saturday 本周六
395. aid the elderly and the disabled 帮助老年人和残疾人
396. have a get-together with sb 和某人聚会
397. see to sth 照应某事
I. Word Study
1. cattle n. 牛(总称)，cow(母牛; 奶牛)，ox(公牛)，buffalo(水牛；野牛)
集体名词，如：people, police, cattle, crew（全体工作人员）,goods, personnel（职员）,youth等作主语时，谓语用复数。如： The cattle are grazing in the field.
The police have caught the thief. People are enjoying themselves over there.
All the goods have arrived. twenty head of cattle
2. severity n. 严重性 severe adj. 严重的，剧烈的 severely adv.
severe injuries / pain a severe cold winter
They are suffering from a severe shortage of water.
My father was very severe with/on me when I made mistakes. 严厉的，严格的
3. catastrophe: a terrible event in which there is a lot of destruction or many people are injured and die 毁灭性的大灾难（可数名词）
a catastrophe in which many people died
disaster: a sudden event such as a flood, storm, or accident which causes great damage or suffering 灾难，惨事，不幸
a flood disaster suffer a disaster
The hurricane brought __________ to the coastal town. 不可数名词
4. put/bring pressure on/upon sb. (to do sth.) 给…施加压力; 催逼某人
The birth of twins put pressure on them to find a bigger flat.
I don’t want to put pressure on you to make a decision, but we haven’t much time left.
He works well under pressure. The roof gave way under the pressure of the snow.
at high/low pressure紧张地/悠闲地 blood pressure 血压
5. politics n. 政治 political adj. 政治的 political unrest
politician n. 政治家，政客 musician / physician / mathematician / electrician
6. yearly adv. 每年
We meet twice yearly. The festival is held yearly in most of the western countries.
adj. 每年的，年年的
We pay a yearly visit to my uncle. (every year or once a year)
a yearly season ticket 年度季票（concerning or lasting for a period of one year）
a monthly magazine / season ticket
a quarterly journal 季刊杂志 a weekly test 周练
7. on top of （in addition to sth. / besides sth.） 另外，此外
On top of borrowing $100, he asked me to lend him my car.
Put this record on top of the others. (在…的上面、上边)
at the top of the agenda / be high on the agenda
On hearing the good news, the students were on top of the world. 极其高兴的
shout at the top of one’s voice
from top to bottom / from head to toe
8. claim vt. 夺走（生命）；声称；自称；索取；索赔
The disease claimed millions of lives. 此病使成千上万的人丧生。
There is a man at the game claiming to be a journalist. 自称是
He claimed to have seen the ghost. 声称
The terrorists claimed that they were responsible for the bombing. 声称
The case has been here for days but nobody has claimed it yet. 索取，认领
n. make a claim for /to sth. 要求认领 / 获得某物
make a claim for damages / a pay rise 提出损坏赔偿 / 增薪要求
9. target sth. (at / on sth. / sb.) vt. 将…作为目标；瞄准某物 aim at
a sales campaign ______________ the youth market 面向青年人市场的大推销
n. 目标，目的
The company has failed to meet its production targets.
meet/ achieve tagets 达成指标 an easy taget容易击中的目标；容易受攻击的人
10. at risk ＝ in danger 处于危险状态
His decision put our lives at risk. You really are at risk if you do not wear a seatbelt.
risk n. 危险，风险 at the risk of doing sth. 冒着…的危险
run/ take a risk / risks run/take the risk of (doing) sth. 冒险（做某事）
He managed to save the drowning boy at the risk of being drowned himself.
You can’t get rich without taking risks.
do sth. at the risk of one’s life / risk one’s life to do sth. 冒生命危险去做某事
vt. 冒…的危险, 冒险做… risk doing sth.
We can’t risk your catching the measles.
11. elderly adj. 年迈的，上了年纪的 (比old更礼貌的说法)
the elderly/ the old / the elders 老年人 an elderly gentleman
elder adj. (家庭中的两个人) 年龄较大的 n. 长者，老者，前辈
My elder daughter is married.
12. unemployed: out of work/ out of a job 失业的 the unemployed 失业者
She has been unemployed / out of work / out of a job for a year.
unemployment n. 失业人数；失业状态
employ vt. employment n. employer 雇主 employee 雇员
interview vt. interviewer interviewee
train vt. trainer trainee
13. without doubt / beyond(out) of doubt 毫无疑问；无疑地；确实地 in doubt不确定
That was without doubt the worst movie I’ve ever seen!
There is no doubt about / as to … 对于…没有怀疑 / 疑虑
There is no doubt about / as to their honesty.
I don’t doubt that… / I doubt whether…
I don’t doubt ___________ he will come.
I doubt ___________ he will come.
---Do you doubt that the team will win the game.你认为该队会取胜吗？
---I doubt it.不一定
adj. be doubtful about sth. be doubtful whether/if
14. crossroads n. 十字路口
We came to a crossroads.
at a/ the crossroads 处在抉择的关键时刻, (人生，经历)处于关键时期
Our business is at the crossroads: if this deal succeeds, our future is assured; if not, we shall be bankrupt.
单、复数同形的名词如：means（方法，手段）, works（工厂），sheep, deer, series, species,etc.
Not every means __________ useful. Not all means __________ useful.
There is a chemical works near the river. (化工厂)
15. switch vt. / vi. 转变，转换
He suggested switching their talk to a more interesting topic.
switch on / off 打开 / 关掉
He switched the light on immediately he entered the lab.
Don’t forget to switch the cell phone off before going to bed.
16. import (进口) …from / export（出口）…to
immigrate （移入）/ emigrate (移居国外)
17. depend on / upon 依靠，依赖；相信，信赖；依…而定(count on , rely on)
depend on sb to do sth. / depend on sb(sb’s) doing sth
He is a man to be depended on.
That depends on how you solve the problem.
That (all) depends. ＝ It all depends. 要看情况而定。
dependent adj. dependence n. independent adj. independence n
be dependent on = depend on / upon 依赖的，依靠的；随…而定的
be dependent on one’s parents
Success depends on / is dependent on how hard you work.. 成败取决于努力的程度。
be independent of 不依赖，独立于
Children in the west are independent of their parents earlier than us.
18. artificial adj. 虚假的，假装的； 人造的，人工的
She welcomed me with a rather artificial smile. artificial flowers
This drink contains no artificial colours(人造色素).
19. nutritional adj. 营养的 malnutritional营养不良的
nutrition n. 营养 malnutrition n. 营养不良 nutrient n. nutrious adj.
20. be in debt / in the red be in heavy debt/ heavily in debt
get/ run/ fall into debt be / get out of debt pay off one’s debt(s)
21. repay v. 偿还 ，报答 n. repayment
repay sb. for his hospitality 报答某人的款待 repay sb. by/with money用钱报答
repay a visit 回访 repay sth. to sb. / repay sb. sth. 还钱给某人
22. bare adj. walk in bare foot 光着脚走 a bare hill 无草木的山
a bare possibility 一点点的可能性
adv. barely / hardly / scarcely / rarely 等放在句首要倒装
23. alternative n. 替换物 alternative adj. 选择的
the alternative of going or staying
have no alternative (choice)but to do sth.
II. Language points in welcome to the unit
1. Many countries around the world are developing at a very fast rate.(P1) 世界上的许多国家以飞快的速度发展着。
at a …rate 以…的速度 at an alarming rate
The taxi was going at a tremendous rate.
at the rate/speed of 以...速度
at any rate 无论如何,不管怎样
Well, I'm not going home on foot, at any rate.反正,我会步行回家的.
2. Do you think that development may be bad for a country in some ways?(P1) 你认为发展过速对一个国家在某些方面是有害的吗？
in some way(s) / in a way / in one way 在某些方面, 在某种意义上,在某种程度上
In some ways it would be better if we met on Monday rather than Wednesday.
III. Language points in reading
1. Geldof intended the concert to raise money for and public awareness of the famine.
intend vt. 意欲；打算
intend to do sth. 打算做某事 intend sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事
be intended/ meant for sb. / sth. 为某人 / 某物而计划或设计
I hear they intend to marry. I didn’t intend you to act like that.
This book _______________ children.
raise money for…为……筹集资金 raise one’s awareness of sth.提高……的意识
2. In the end, $100 million was raised, which was sent as food aid and famine relief funding.
relief n. 减轻，免除；救济，援救；宽慰 to one’s relief
Will this medicine give immediate relief from the pain?
Relief was quickly sent to the people who suffered in the earthquake.
He breathed a sigh of relief. 他宽心地叹了一口气。
v. relieve sb. of sth. 解除……的负担
3. For example, the disease malaria, which is spread by mosquitoes.
spread 传播，流传，蔓延，展开，铺开
Flies spread disease.
The disease is spreading fast.
He spread the news around the town.
Fear spread quickly through the village.
4. They need help, but the sad truth is that food aid alone is not enough to help these countries.
“主语＋介词短语”结构，即
主语＋with / along with / together with / as well as / besides / like / without / except / but / including + 谓语，谓语动词的人称和数由主语决定。
The teacher, together with his students, is planting trees in the street.
Mary, like many girls, loves dancing.
All the students, including Tom, are leaving.
No one except / but me knows about it.
5. Another important thing to remember is that the future of developing countries lies in the hands of children.
Lie here means “to exist”
A new life lies ahead of us.
Lie also means “to be located in”
The village lie in a valley.
The castle lay in ruins.
6. There is a saying goes “Give a man a fish, and you feed him for a day. Teach a man to fish, and you feed him for a lifetime”
go 意为表达是，强调说或指故事中发生情况如何
How does that song go?
read 意为写着，写成是，强调的是告示，信或段落等书写的东西
The sign read “No admittance”
His tomb reads, “By his death, one of England’s greatest writers is lost to the world.
say 意为写道,说,指示,强调书面材料或可见的东西所提供的信息，在很多情况下能与read换用The notice said “Keep out”. The clock says 3 o’clock.
write 意为写道，强调书面陈述，以文字说
In his latest book he writes that the theory has since been disproved
tell 意为证明
Time will tell who is right.
M11 U4 The next step
Reading My university life
Ⅰ.Task-based reading:
Purpose To give you 1._________________ of what to expect from you future university life.
Good 2._____________ before university Decide which university to apply to, what course to study and which permits needed to study abroad.
Some 3._____________ made to my life 1). Set up 4.__________________ for my family to communicate with them regularly.
2). Learn how to use a stove and a rice cooker and how to 5.________________.
University life in Canada 1). Try to get used to foreign food; cook for myself.
2). Living on my own, learn to 6._______________ __________ each week.
3). Have a lot of free time to study alone, 7.______________ or relax during the day.
8.__________________ 1). When planning, look forward instead of backwards.
2). Although going to university is an adventure, 9.____________________ it.
3). By 10.______________________, you will have an easier time in making the transition.
Ⅱ. Language points:
1. L3 I used to be the captain of the school football team.
L41 Now I am getting used to Canadian food.
过去曾经，过去常常 ________________________
习惯于做...... ________________________
被用来做...... ________________________
练一练:
1). My hometown is not what it ___________.
A. was used to be B. used to be C. is used to be D. has used to be
2). In my opinion, life in the twenty-first century is much easier than __________.
(安徽)
A. that used to be B. it is used to C. it was used to D. it used to be
3). The new machine ________ production. However, I _________ it.
A. is used to increase; am not used to controlling
B. is used to increasing; don’t used to control
C. used to increase; don’t used to control
D. used to increasing; am not used to control
2. L7 give you a quick preview of what to expect from university life
译一译：_____________________________________________
还记得我们在M1U2 Reading中的这一句吗？
We thought you were an adult, a person ________ ________ we could _______ good decisions.
expect 结构总结：
expect to do sth expect sb/sth to do sth expect sth from sb expect (that)
expect a lot of sb / expect too much of sb 译一译：_________________________
期待某人回来 _________________________
As expected, the whole family was shocked by the news.
译一译：_________________________________________
这栋楼预期在明年一月完工。
_______ _______ __________ that the building will have been completed by next month.
练一练:
1). I've worked with children before, so I know what _______ in my new job. (全国) A．expected B．to expect C．to be expecting D．expects
2). Today everyone arrived earlier than ___________.
A. expecting B. having expecting C. to be expect D. expected
3). I _________ to stop her from entering the room, but it was too late.
A. expected B. expect C. should expect D. had expected
4). --- If you are admitted to a key university, ____ as a prize?
--- I’m longing for a cell phone.
A. what you expect your father will offer you
B. do you expect what your father will offer you
C. what do you expect will your father offer you
D. what do you expect your father will offer you
3. L17 look through _____________________
关于look的其他词组：
环视，往四周看 _______________________ 照看；照顾 __________________
look at _____________________________ 回顾 _______________________
轻视，看不起 _______________________ 寻找 _______________________
盼望；期待 __________________________ look into ______________________
看起来像 _______________________ 旁观 ______________________
把…看成…______________________ 注意，提防，当心______________________
look sth over ____________________ 转过头来看 _________________________
正视/直视某人____________________ look sb up and down __________________
look up _______________________ look up (from sth) _____________________
(在字典或参考书中)查阅 _______________________
钦佩；仰慕；尊敬 _______________________
你今天气色不好。_________________________
练一练：
1). I've _________ _________ all my papers but I still can't find the contract.
2). Only one man tried to help us, the rest just _________ ___________ in silence.
3). _________ _________ __________ those days, I still can't figure out what went wrong.
4). We need to_________ very carefully _________ ways of improving our efficiency.
5). Now the summer's here; things are _________ _________!
4. L18 decide on/upon 选定，确定
用decide的结构完成句子：
Have you __________ ___________ a date for the wedding?
有这么多可选择的, 真难决定买什么。
With so many choices, ______________________________________.
已经决定这本书要重新修订。
________ _________ __________ __________ ___________ the book should be revised.
5. L22 Moving to Canada meant making some big adjustments to my life.
mean to do _____________________ mean doing _____________________
M6U2 P18对其他人来说，幸福意味着某件事的成功，比如达到一个目标。
To others, happiness means ___________ _________ in something, such as meeting a goal.
通州期中试卷 完型填空51题：
I didn’t mean to cheat, but it was still cheating anyhow.
译一译：___________________________________________
He means what he says. 译一译：_______________________________
打算或注定要做/成为...... __________________________________
= __________________________________
练一练:
-Ouch! You hurt me!
-I am sorry. But I ________ any harm. I _________ to drive a rat out. (2007 江西)
A. didn’t mean; tried B. don’t mean; am trying
C. haven’t meant; tried D. didn’t mean; was trying
6. L24 everyone has to leave the nest at some point
译一译：___________________________________________
at ... point: 在某一时刻或地方
当时我以为她要拒绝, 但最后她却同意了.
_____ __________ ________ I thought she was going to refuse, but in the end she agreed.
The film started to get very violent, at _________ point I left.
1). After graduation she reached a point in her career ________ she needed to decide what to do. (2007 江西)
A. that B. what C. which D. where
2). Do you agree with the point ___________ exams should be abolished so that students can really enjoy their studies?
A. that B. what C. which D. where
point n. 其他含义和用法：
1). 他的讲话见面中肯。 His speech was short and ________ ________ _________.
(离题，不切题 _______________________________ )
2). It is a turning point in his life. He is on the point of success.
译一译：__________________________________________
3). I was _____ _______ ________ ______ telephoning you when you came. 就要做……
=______________________ / ________________________
4). 那就是问题的惩结了。 ______________________________
5). There's no / not much point in complaining; they never take any notice.
译一译：__________________________________________
7. L35 I felt a bit like ...
L39 I found the food a bit strange.
L64 Some of my friends say I am a bit of a scrooge.
译一译：a bit strange ________________ not a bit strange _______________
a little strange ________________ not a little strange _______________
a bit of a (infml) --- rather a 有点儿
他有点儿霸道/胆怯/愚蠢/讨厌。
_________________________________________________________
比较：She tries to do a bit of (= _______ ________ ) exercise every day.
bit 相关词组：
Everyone needs a little bit of encouragement.
bit by bit ___________________
尽一己之力 ________________
8. L61 shrink vt. vi. 收缩, (使)皱缩, 缩短
shrink--shrank/shrunk--shrunk
这件衬衫洗后缩水吗？ _______________________________________
互联网使世界变小了。 _______________________________________
shrink from sth/doing sth _______________________
He shrinks from hurting animals.
________________ adj [通常作定语] 萎缩的; 收缩的
孩子饿瘦的身体the ____________ body of a ___________ child
类似形容词：
醉酒的人 a _________ man 沉船 a __________ ship
烂苹果/害群之马 a _________ apple
9. L66 squirrel some money away 译一译：______________________
= _________________ / _____________________
10. L98 make the most of
充分利用，使用...... _________________________________________________________
完成句子：
1). The best use should _______________ the chance. (应该充分利用好这次机会)
2). Time must be made full use of _______________ (make) the work easier.
11. L103 If you have any other questions, do not hesitate to write to me.
完成句子：
1). Kay _________ ________ ________ _________ (犹豫了一会儿) and then said 'yes'.
2). ________ _________ __________ contact me (不要犹豫和我联系) if you need any more information.
______________ n.
完成句子：
1). Ice cream is one food ____________________________________________________ (大部分孩子会毫不犹豫的吃).
2). I have no hesitation in saying that I support Henry.
译一译：____________________________________________
Ⅲ.Translate the following phrases:
1. 让你迅速预览一下 _________________________________________
2. 浏览无数的小册子 _________________________________________
3. 对我的生活作出一些大的调整
_________________________________________
4. 在某个时候离开家 _________________________________________
5. 离开家后不知所措 _________________________________________
6. 我写电子邮件给家人的次数没有应该的那么多
_________________________________________
7. 有一点像浪子回家 _________________________________________
8. 信不信由你 _________________________________________
9. 洗衣服 _________________________________________
10. 独自生活 _________________________________________
11. 像到处都挤满人群的战场
_________________________________________
12. 寻找他们该去哪里 _________________________________________
13. 和朋友开玩笑 _________________________________________
14. 用毫米丈量 _________________________________________
15. 向我介绍了打棒球和划独木舟
_________________________________________
16. 充分利用 _________________________________________
17. 完成从家到大学的过渡
_________________________________________
18. 不要犹豫给我写信 _________________________________________
Ⅳ. 请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后图表中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。 注意：每空不超过6个单词。
A listener has written from China for advice about how to lose weight. Michael in Shanghai says he is 26 and has battled obesity for most of his life.
Obesity, a severe weight problem, is a complex condition. A doctor may advise taking medicine along with changing one’s behaviors. Experts say that the most successful weight-loss plans include a well-balanced diet and exercise.
People who want to avoid weight gain have to balance the number of calories they eat with the number of calories they use. To lose weight, you can reduce the number of calories you take in, increase the number you use, or both.
A recent study looked at four of the most popular dieting plans in the US. Researchers at Stanford University in California studied over 300 overweight women, mostly in their thirties and forties. Each woman went on one of the four plans: Atkins, The Zone, Ornish or LEARN. The women attended diet classes and received written information about the food plans.
At the end of the year, the women on the Atkins diet had lost the most, more than four and one-half kilograms on average. They also did better on tests for cholesterol levels and blood pressure.
Christopher Gardner, who led the study, says the Atkins diet may be more successful because of its simple message to eat less sugar. He also says that the advice to increase protein in the diet leads to more satisfying meals. He says that there was not enough money to study men, but that men would probably have similar results.
Last week, another report based on thirty-one studies suggested that only a small minority of people have long-term success with dieting. Most dieters regained their lost weight within five years and often they become more overweight. But those who kept the weight off generally were the ones who exercised.
Title: 1.___________to lose weight
Doctors’ advice Take medicine along with 2._____________
Experts’ 3._________ plans A well-balanced diet: 4.___________ less energy than needed, increase the number you use, or both.
5.___________
Four of the most popular dieting plans in the US ⑴.Atkins: eat less sugar than usual and 6.__________ protein in the diet
⑵.The Zone
⑶.7.____________
⑷.LEARN.
From 8.______________ Have long-term success with dieting, otherwise most dieters will 9.___________ their lost weight
Exercise is more important than dieting for 10.___________
Unit 1 Other countries, other cultures
Reading: Language points
A. Choose the correct answer.
1. Canada is one of the largest countries in the world, ____ second only to _____ Russia, and has always been famous for its fantastic scenery.
A. the; / B. the; the C. /; / D. a; a
2. Canada has vast areas of wilderness, from the Arctic north, where average winter temperatures are usually minus 20°C, to the 8,892-kilometre-long border with the USA in the south, _____ is said to be the longest border in the world not defended by an army or the police.
A. what B. that C. as D. which
3. Within this huge country, there are ______ wastes, vast mountain ranges, enormous open plains, countless rivers and seemingly endless forests. A. frozen B. freezing
4. There are many wild animals in the forests and on the ________ cold lands in the north, and fish are abundant in the seas and rivers.
A. frozen B. Freezing
5. The vast majority of Canada's population of about 30 million people ______ urban.
A. is B. are
6. You'll be thrilled by Toronto, Montreal, Vancouver and Edmonton---all ______ internationally for their metropolitan lifestyle, beautiful architecture.
A. knowing B. known C. to know D. having known
7. _____ in the heart of Toronto is the Canadian National Tower, which is often called the CN Towere for short.
A. Locate B. To locate C. Located D. Having located
8. _____ 553 metres into the sky, it is the tallest tower in the world.
A. Raising B. Rising C. To raise D. Risen
9. There are old buildings, churches, narrow streets and alleys, all alongside glass and steel and concrete skyscrapers _______ upwards.
A. reaching B. pointing C. standing D. building
10. Smaller in size, but _____ famous, is the city of Vancouver in the province of British Columbia on the Pacific coast.
A. equally B. ever C. just D. still
11. Nearer to the Atlantic coast is Niagara Falls. It is perhaps the most widely ________ natural phenomenon in Canada.
A. recognized B. regarded C. thought D. known
12. Although only ________ people were successful, many stayed and established settlements in the area, and there are now many museums showing what life was like back then.
A. a few of B. few of C. plenty of D. a handful of
B. Difficult points explanation
1. Canada is one of the largest countries in the world, second only to Russia, and has always been famous for its fantastic scenery.(p2 L1-2)
second only to: 仅次于
1). Our city has an area of 20,000 square kilometres, ______________the largest city in our province.
2). It is not likely that you will be given a second opportunity.
3). The American swimmer came second.
2. On the eastern and western boundaries, the country borders the two great oceans-the Atlantic and the Pacific. (P2 Lines 6-7)
border: v. to touch at the edge or boundary
China borders Russia and many other countries.
Jordan holds a key position, _______ both Israel and Iraq.
Dave lives in a small town in Canada, near the American border.
You can not pass the border line without a passport.
3. There are many wild animals in the forests and on the freezing, ice-covered lands in the north, and fish are abundant in the seas and rivers. (P2 L9-11)
abundant adj. available in large quantity
This lake is abundant in fish.
You have abundant time to go there.
This autumn, farmers had an abundant harvest.
4. You will be thrilled by Toronto, Montreal, Vancouver and Edmonton-all known internationally for their metropolitan lifestyle, beautiful architecture and unique culture. (P2 L16-18)
1. The exhibition ________ all the visitors who came to the gallery. It was a great success.
2. They __________at the news of the victory.
Put the following into Chinese.
A thrill went through her the moment her flight took off.
The performance gave us a big thrill.
It is a big thrill watching a 3D film in a virtual reality cinema.
5. There are old buildings, churches, narrow streets and alleys, all alongside glass and steel and concrete skyscrapers reaching upwards. (L29-30)
alongside: 与......一起；与......同时
In this city, traditional beliefs go alongside a modern urban lifestyle.
Volunteers worked alongside professional builders in the construction programme.
6. Vancouver has superb scenery, a beautiful harbour, and all the comforts of modern life and international cuisine... (L35-37)
superb: very good; excellent
The hotel offers superb views of the sea.
We have superb cooks and offer superb service in our restaurant.
I read a superb novel written by my favourite author.
7. ...a beautiful harbour, and all the comforts of modern life and international cuisine, in addition to being close to the most popular wilderness and ski areas. (L35-37)
in addition to: as well as; also
Kate has a flat in London ____________ a villa in France.
Mr Zhou is popular with his students because he really cares for his students __________ his years of experience as a teacher.
8. Historians say that approximately one million people left their homes from different areas all over North America to seek their fortunes in the ‘Gold rush’.(p3 L48-50)
approximately: about/around
1). This supermarket covers approximately 10,000 square kilometres.
2). Tom knew the result of the exam, approximately.
9. ... approximately one million people left their homes from different areas all over North America to seek their fortunes in the ‘Gold rush’. (p3 L48-50)
seek: try to find sth / ask for sth
1) The police are seeking a witness, who may know something about the robbery.
2) People don’t often find what they seek.
3). Many people went to seek gold in California.
10. Although only a handful of people were successful, many stayed and established settlements in the area…
1). Only a handful of people attended the meeting last Sunday.
2). handful of holiday-makers paid the extra fee to visit the tourist attraction.
3). Though they put an advertisement on TV, only a handful of applicants turned up.
Talk about detailed information.
Category Description
Population
Location
Size
Geography
Landscape
Places of interest
History & symbol
Project:
1. L5-6 …--- the conversation quickly turns to sport.
理解turn to在下列各句的意思：
1)He told me that if we needed financial help, we could turn to him.
2)Now let us turn to another aspect of the problem.
3)Let’s turn to Page 102.
用turn over turn down turn up turn in turn out 填空
1.We politely _________ the invitation.
2.The criminal ______herself____.
3.The person I spoke to ________ to be an Italian.
4.The work ____________ to the secretary.
5. Several old friends ________at the reunion.
2. The Australians’ devotion to sport, however, does not mean that most of them actually do much sport.
澳大利亚人热衷体育运动， 但这并不意味着大多数澳大利亚人真的从事很多体育运动．
devotion n. 热衷，投入，常和“to”连用．
把过多的时间用于体育运动就使用于学习的时间太少了。
The devotion of too much time to sports leaves too little time for studying.
devote v.（与to连用）献身；专心于…
他把他的全部时间都用在工作上了。He devoted all his time to his job.
退休后,他将要致力于园艺。After he has retired, he will devote himself to gardening.
从都知道我们的厂长对妻子十分忠诚。
Everybody knows that our director is very devoted to his wife.
3. L16-17 Many people owe their love of sport to the perfect weather conditions for it.
owe v. (1) 欠钱 (2)感激 (3) 应该把…归功于(与to连用)
我们十分感激父母。We owe our parents a lot.
年轻作家把自己的成功归于他老师的鼓励。
The young writer owed his success to his teacher's encouragement.
拓展：
1). owing to 由于, 因...之缘故＝because of; on account of:
I couldn‘t attend, __________illness.
2). owe it to…that 全靠
全靠老师的帮忙，他才考上大学．
He owed it to his teacher that he was admitted into a university.
4. L23-24 Since most tennis court are equipped with lighting facilities,….
equip (equipped, equipped)装备；配备 be equipped with 装备有
用decorate, equip, furnish 填空
1) They can't afford to________ their laboratories properly because of lack of funds.
2) The room was ________with the simplest essentials, a bed, a chair, and a table.
3) On National Day we _____________ the streets with flags.
5. L52-54 Among the most impressive athletes were the swimmers, but all of the athletes were worthy of praise.
1) Among the most impressive athletes were the swimmers是倒装句，介词短语位于句首，句子全部倒状．
2) 值得干……的表达:
be worth doing
be worthy to be done
be worthy of being done
It is worthwhile to do /doing
It is worth the while to do sth.
这篇文章值得一读．
The book is worth doing/ is worthy to be done/ is worthy of being done.
It is worthwhile reading the book/ to read the book/
It is worth the while to read the book.
6. So, while a high percentage of Australians may be people who watch sports rather than do them, as far as most of its population is concerned, it is indeed a great sporting nation.
所以,虽然澳大利亚人在体育方面只看不练的人数可能占了很高的比例,但就其人口主体而言,澳大利亚的确是一个运动大国.
1) rather than 用法小结：
a) 而不
He decided to telephone rather than to write.
b) 和would/should构成 would/should rather do sth. than do sth.
He would rather beg in the streets
than get money in such a dishonest way.
c) 与other than 的区别，other than是 “除了…，除…之外．”
There's nobody here other than me.
2) as far as …is/are concerned “就……而言”
类似的表达: as far as I know 据我所知
as far as I can see据我看
就我个人而言，我更愿意到英国去学习深造．
As far as I am concerned, I would rather go to the UK for further study.
Practice
Reading: Give a man a fish
1. severity (L2 P2) n. 严肃;严格;严重;激烈
e.g. punish sb. with severity 严厉地惩罚某人
acts of severity 激烈的行为
the severity of the winter 冬天的严寒
severe adj. 严厉的, 严格的, 剧烈的, 严重的, 严峻的
e.g. be severe with/on sb. 对某人很严厉
a severe storm/ competition 猛烈的暴风雨/激烈的竞争
severe pain/injuries 剧痛/重伤
speak in a severe voice 以严峻的口吻说话
a severe test of our loyalty 对我们忠诚的严峻考验
2. shock (L2 P2) v. 使震惊，惊骇
e.g. The picture of the bus crash shocked all the people at the conference.
I was shocked at the news that Sanlu powered milk products were found to be contaminated by melamine.
Everyone was shocked by his sudden death.
n. 震惊；惊愕
e.g. Her unexpected death came to us as a shock.
She said the scary movie gave her the shock of her life.
3. intend v. (L6 P2)
intend to do sth. 打算做某事 intend sb. to do sth. 打算让某人做某事
intend for… 打算供...使用 intend that … had intended… 本打算
e.g. He intends to study abroad next year. 他打算明年到国外留学。
He intends his son to manage the company. 他打算让儿子经营公司。
The book is intended for beginners. 本书是为初学者编写的。
They intend that the plan should be put into practice within the year.
= They intend the plan to be put into practice within the year. 他们打算在本年内实行该计划。
I had intended to go to your party yesterday but an unexpected guest visited me.
我本打算昨天去参加你的晚会的，但我有个不速之客。
4. put pressure on sb. (L9 P2) 给…施加压力
put sb. under pressure (to do sth.) 迫使某人（做某事）
under pressure 在压力下；迫不得已
under the pressure of … 在……逼迫下，在……的压力下
e.g. Customer complaints put great pressure on the company to improve their products and services.
顾客投诉迫使公司改进其产品及服务。
They put pressure on me to sell my precious land. 他们给我施加压力要我卖掉宝贵的土地。
The army put pressure on the enemy, and forced them to fall back. 军队给敌人施加压力迫使他们后退。
work under pressure 在压力下工作
5. on top of (L14 P2) adv. 在...之上; 另外，此外（通常指不愉快的事情）
e.g. Put this record on top of the others. 把这张唱片放在其他唱片上面。
He had a bad week. He lost his job, and on top of that, his car was stolen.
这一周他过得很糟糕。他丢了工作，不但如此，他的车还被偷了。
(be/feel) on top of the world 非常愉快或自豪(尤指因获成功或好运)
I'm on top of the world. 我高兴极了。
6. claim (L15 P2)
(1) vt.夺去（生命）；（事物）要求…,值得
e.g. The earthquake claimed over fifty thousand lives. 那次地震夺走了五万多人的生命。
His speech claims our attention. 他的演讲值得我们注意。
(2) v./n. (根据权利)要求, 认领, 声称, 主张, 需要
e.g. Have you claimed for damages? 你要求损害赔偿金了吗？
She claims that she is related to the Queen.
= She claims to be related to the Queen. 她声称和女王有亲属关系。
They have no claim on us. 他们没有向我们提出要求的权利。
He has the best claim to the honor. 他最有资格获得这荣誉。
lay claim to sth. 声称对某事有权利 e.g. lay claim to a property 声称对财产有权利
7. crisis (L20 P2) n. (pl. crises) 危机, 恐慌；转折点, 决定性时刻
e.g. a financial/political/domestic crisis 财政/政治/国内危机
come to/reach a crisis 陷入危机
pass a crisis 渡过危机, 脱离危险期
In times of crisis it’s good to have a friend to turn to. 危难时好在有朋友可以投奔。
8. target (L21 P2)
(1) vt. 瞄准; 把...作为目标[对象];为...定指标(常用被动)
target sth. at / on sth.
e.g. missiles targeted at/on Britain 瞄准英国的导弹
a sales campaign targeted at the youth market 面向青年人市场的大推销
What type of reader is the new magazine targeting? 新杂志的目标读者是哪种？
(2) n. 目标, 对象, 靶子;指标, 定额
e.g. become the target of scorn 成为受轻蔑的对象
set a target for production 制定生产指标
His target was to win the tennis tournament. 他的目标是要赢得网球锦标赛。
meet one’s export targets 达到出口指标
Production so far this year is on/off target. 今年到目前为止生产已达到/未达到指标。
target language 目标语，被译成的语言
9. risk (L21 P2)
(1) n. 风险，危险，冒险
e.g. at risk 在危险中
at all risks (=at any risk) 无论冒什么危险; 无论如何
at one's own risk (损失、风险等)由自已负责
at the risk of … 冒...之险; 不顾...之风险
run/take the risk of doing sth. 冒险做某事
take no risk 慎重行事
(2) vt. 冒...的危险; 冒险干; 赌注于 risk (doing) sth.
e.g. risk getting caught in a storm 冒遭遇风暴之险
risk one's fortune [health, life] 冒着财产[健康, 性命]风险
10. without (a) doubt (L25 P2) = without question; certainly; definitely无疑地；确实地；肯定地
beyond/ out of doubt : (= no doubt) adv. 无疑地；确实地
There is no doubt that …… 毫无疑问……
e.g. Without doubt you are right. 无疑地你是对的。
Beyond doubt, he will recover. 他会康复，这是毫无疑问的。
If you have doubts about the trip, you can ask your tour guide.
如果您对旅行有疑问的话，您可以咨询导游。
v. It is human to doubt. 怀疑是人的天性。
Do you doubt what he said at the meeting? 你怀疑他在会议上所讲的话吗？
I do not doubt that he’ll come. 我确信他会来。
I doubt whether/if he will keep his word. 我怀疑他是否会遵守诺言。
11. at the/a crossroads (L28 P2) 在十字路口;面临抉择的关头, 处于重要转折点
e.g. stand/be at the/a crossroads 处于重大的转折点
12. merely (L30 P3) adv. only; simply 仅; 只; 不过
e.g. She was frightened of the big dog, even though it merely barked at her.
她非常害怕这只大狗，尽管它只是朝她叫了一声。
This is merely a made-up story. Do not take it too seriously. 这仅仅是一个编造的故事，不必当真。
13. long-term(L31 P3) 长期有效的 (反) short-term
a long-term investment 长期投资
in the long/ short term/run 从长远/短期的观点看
in terms of 以…的观点；就…而说
come to terms with 与…达成协议
on equal terms 同等关系
14. switch (L33 P3) vt. 拧动(电钮等); 转变, 改变 n. 开关；(突然的)改变，转变
e.g. switch the light on/off 开/关电灯
Let’s switch seats. 我们交换一下座位吧。
switch the discussion to another topic 换一个讨论题目
You drive first and then we’ll switch round/over. 你先驾驶，过一会咱们再换着开。
switch (make a switch) from publishing to teaching 由出版工作改为教学工作
15. dependent (L40 P3) adj. 依靠的, 依赖的; 由...决定的, 随...而定的 (反) independent
e.g. be dependent on one’s parents 依靠父母
Success is dependent on how hard you work. 成功取决于努力的程度。
dependence (U)n. 依靠，依赖；信赖，信任 (反) independence
16. conventional (L52 P3) adj. 惯例的, 常规的,习俗的, 传统的
e.g. She is so conventional in her views. 她的观点太保守。
conventional weapons 常规武器
a conventional design 传统图案
17. fill one’s belly (L60 P3) 填饱肚子
18. artificial (L3 P5) adj. 人造的，人工的，仿造的；不自然的，虚假的
e.g. artificial snow 人造雪
an artificial satellite/flower 人造卫星/人造花
an artificial smile 不自然的微笑
artificial manners 矫揉造作的态度
Grammar and Task
19. in debt (P9) 欠债 （= in the red） out of debt 不欠债
debt n. 债；债务 pay off one’s debts 还清债务
e.g. If I pay all my debts, I shall have no money left.如果我还清了所有的债，我就一分钱不剩了。
20. repay v. (pt, pp repaid repaid)
(1) repay sth. (to) sb.付，还（钱）；偿还某物
e.g. repay a debt/ loan 清偿债务/贷款
If you lend me $2, I’ll repay it (to you) tomorrow. 你要是借我两美元，我明天就还给你。
(2) repay sb. (for sth.) 以某物酬报某人
repay sb. (with sth.) 报答某人某事物
e.g. How can I repay (you for) your kindness? 我怎么能报答你的恩惠呢？
The firm repaid her hard work with a bonus. 公司发给她奖金以酬谢她工作努力。
repayment n. 偿还，回报；偿还之物，付还之款
21. finance n. [U] 财政，财务
e.g. an expert in finance 财政专家
the Minister of Finance 财政部长
[pl.] finances 财政状况；收入 e.g. Our firm’s finances are not sound. 我们公司的财政不健全。
v. 提供资金给…
e.g. The scheme is partly financed by the local government. 此计划有一部分是当地政府资助的。
financial adj. 财务的，金融的 in financial difficulties 处于财务困难之中
22. weaken vt.（使）变弱，削弱 (反) strengthen
e.g. Hunger and disease has weakened his constitution. 他饥饿与疾病交加，体质已削弱。
My eyes have weakened recently. 我的视力最近变弱了。
weak adj. 弱的，虚弱的；衰弱的；软弱的，懦弱的
e.g. She is still weak after her long illness. 久病之后她仍很虚弱。
He is a man of weak character. 他这人性格软弱。
He is weak in maths, but good at English. 他数学差，但英语好。
weakness n. [U.]虚弱，软弱/ [ C]弱点e.g. We all have our weaknesses. 我们大家都有不足之处。
23. campaign vi.发起运动
campaign for/against sb./sth. 参加或领导一战役或运动
e.g. She spent her life campaigning for women’s rights. 她毕生致力于女权运动。
n. the Huaihai Campaign 淮海战役
a political campaign 政治运动
辨析：battle, fight, campaign, war
battle 指有组织的武装部队之间的战斗。
campaign指在某一地区所作的一连串有固定目的军事行动，往往可包括许多battle。
fight 指“打斗”行为，“打架”。
war 指两国或国内政治派别间使用武装力量。
24. squeeze n. (1)紧迫状态，拮据，困境；(金融)紧缩(通常用单数)
e.g. be in a tight squeeze 陷入困境
(2) 紧握，紧抱
e.g. He gave his wife a gentle squeeze. 他温柔地紧抱妻子。
v. 压榨，压挤，拧干 squeeze out my wet clothes 拧干湿衣服
squeeze a lemon 榨柠檬
squeeze one’s way 推开别人通过，勉强通过，挤过
25. casual adj.偶然的；碰巧的；漫不经心的；临时的
e.g. a casual meeting/answer 偶然的相会/随口而出的答复
casual clothes/expenses 便服/临时费用
26. handy adj.手边的，随手可用的 handier, handiest
e.g. a handy tool 方便的工具
be handy for sb. 对某人很方便
e.g. Our flat is very handy for the schools. 我们的住所离学校很近，非常方便。
27. show off (P11) 炫耀自己的能力、财富、智慧等
e.g. The child danced around the room, showing off to everybody.
那个小孩满屋子跳舞，向大家显摆一番。
拓展：show sb. in/ out/ through/ into the room 领某人进入/出来/通过/进入房间
show sb. around 领某人参观
show sth. to sb. /show sb. sth. 给某人看某物
show up 出席，到场
on show 展出，陈列
Project
28. set (L4 P14) v. 调整，安排
e.g. set my alarm for 6 o’clock 把闹钟调到六点
set the table 摆好桌子
set the date for the wedding 安排婚期
29. bare (L4 P14) adj.
(1)无遮蔽的；赤裸的；基本的
a tree bare of leaves 没有树叶的树
the bare necessities of life 最起码的生活必需品
bare facts 简单明了的事实;事实真相
Don't walk on that broken glass with bare feet. 不要光着脚走在那些碎玻璃上。
(2)空的 a bare room (没有家具的)空房间
(3)仅有的 A bare word would be enough. 只要一句话就够了。
He earns a bare living by his work. 他工作收入仅够维持生活。
barely adv. 光秃秃地，空空地；仅够，几乎没有
e.g. We barely had time to catch the train. 我们几乎来不及赶火车。
30. put sth into practice (L21 P14) 将…付诸实施
e.g. We must put our plans into practice. 我们必须将计划付诸实行。
in practice 实际上; 在不断练习中;
Practice makes perfect. [谚]熟能生巧。
辨析：practice, exercise, drill 都含“实践”、“练习”的意思
practice 指“为一目的或使技能达到熟巧而进行体力或智力方面的反复实践”
e.g. He does his practice on the violin every day. 他天天练小提琴。
exercise 指“体力或智力的反复运用以发挥力量或增进健康”
e.g. grammatical exercises 语法练习
drill 指“反复不断地进行某种特殊练习, 以锻炼身心而养成正确的习惯”
e.g. pattern drills 句型操练
31. in danger (L26 P14) 在…危险之中
out of danger 脱离危险
e.g. The bridge is in danger of collapse. 桥要塌了。
endanger v. 危及，危害；使遭到危险
e.g. Smoking endangers your health. 吸烟危害健康。
an endangered species 面临绝种危险的动物 (= in danger of becoming extinct )
32. require (L15 P14) vt
(1) 需要 require sb. to do; sth require doing sth.= sth require to be done.
e.g. The floor requires washing. 地板该洗了。
I require two children to help me. 我需要两个孩子来帮我的忙。
(2) 要求require sth. of sb.对某人有...的要求
require that ...(should)+v.
e.g. We did all that was required of us. 我们做了要求我们所做的一切。
The emergency requires that it should be done. 情况紧急, 非这样做不可。
requirement n. 必需品；必要条件
meet one’s requirements 满足某人的条件
fulfill the requirements of the government 履行政府的规定
33. power (L32 P14)
vt.供以动力, 使有力量 power electrical equipment 为电器供电
n (1) 体能；智能；能力
labour power劳动力
have the power to see in the dark 具有在黑暗中能看见东西的本领
(2) 权力;势力；影响力
military power 军事力量
Knowledge is power. 知识就是力量。
(3)有权力的人；强国 the great world powers 世界列强
辨析：power / force / strength
power侧重于权力
force 指“运用或发挥出来的力量, 可以克服阻力, 使人或物按要求方向运动”, 如:
strength 侧重于指体力，力气, 如:
34. foreseeable (L45 P14) adj.可预知的, 能预测的, 能看透的
in the foreseeable future 不久，在短期内
foresee v. (pt, pp foresaw-foreseen)
foresee the rapid increase in unemployment 预知失业人数激增
35. contribute to (L49 P14)
(1)捐献［赠］， 出钱
contribute to the Red Cross 向红十字会捐献
(2)有助于, 促成, 是…的成因之一
Drink contributed to his ruin. 酗酒促使他毁灭。
(3)投稿
He contributed an article to China Daily. 他为《中国日报》撰写一篇文章。
(4)出力， 做出贡献
The Song Dynasty contributed three great inventions to the world civilization.
宋朝为世界文明贡献出三大发明。
36. push for (L52 P14) 努力争取
push one's plan 大力实施自己的计划
push a campaign 大力推进一场运动
push one's way through a crowd 从人群中挤出
push sb. to do sth.=push sb into doing sth. 催促某人做某事
push away 推开
push ahead with 继续推行（计划等）
37. alternative (L54 P14) adj. 随便一个的；二者择一的
e.g. The way was blocked, so we went by an alternative road.
这条路被挡住了，因此我们走了另一条路。
find alternative means of transport
另找一个运输方法
n. 可能性中的选择；可能性之一
e.g. You have the alternative of speaking or of keeping quiet. 你或者发言，要不然就保持肃静。
We have no alternative but to go on. 除了继续下去,我们没有选择的余地。
alternate adj. 交替的，轮流的
e.g. She works on alternate days. 她隔日工作。
Night and day alternate.＝Day alternates with night. 昼夜交替。
辨析：alternative, choice 和selection
alternative一般强调在几种可能性或者行为方式之间所做的选择。
choice泛指从一组人或物中进行自由选择，指选择，挑选，抉择。
selection 含有可供选择的许多不同的人或物的意思，尤指选拔。
38.conscious (L59 P15) adj.
(1) 有意识的；神志清醒的
He is hurt but still conscious. 他受了伤，不过神志还清醒。
(2)了解的；察觉的
be conscious of one's shortcomings 意识到自已的缺点
I am conscious that I have done right. 我相信自己做得不错。
39.nevertheless (L98 P15) adv尽管如此；不过；可是；然而
e.g. He succeeded nevertheless. 不过他还是成功了。
He's stupid, but I like him nevertheless. 他是很笨，然而我喜欢他。
conj.(尽管如此)还是, 然而, 不过
We are going nevertheless we shall return. 我们要走了, 不过我们还要回来。
She was very tired, nevertheless she kept on working. 她虽然很疲倦, 然而她却继续工作。
模块九 Unit one Other countries, other cultures
Reading:
1. minus: prep. 减去，零下，［口］无……地
adj: [数]负（数）的，［电］阴性的，负电的
13 ～ 6 equals 7. 13减六等于7。 a ～ number 负数
The minimum temperature is ～ 17 degrees. 最低温度是零下17度。
试题回顾：
Not knowing it would rain, he went out _____ an umbrella.
A. not B. minus C. without D. B and C
2. centigrade: adj. 分为百度的,百分度的,摄氏温度的
a ～ thermometer 百分温度计,摄氏温度计
The temperature in this room is twenty degrees ～. 这个房间的温度是摄氏20度。
3. defend: vt. 防护， 辩护， 防卫
～ … from harm 保护…使…不受伤害
～ ……against…… 保护…，抵抗…
She had to ～ herself against the guard dog. 她不得不防备看门的狗咬她。
～ one’s country 保卫祖国
I am prepared to ～ my ideas. 我准备好为自己的构想辩护。
defense: n.防卫，防卫设备，[律] （被告的）答辩，辩护
They built a bank as a ～ against flooding.他们筑堤作为防洪设施。
in ～ of sb. == in one’s ～ 为了保卫……，为……辩护
defensive: adj.防御的，自卫的
辨析：defend / protect
defend:强调面临危险时用武力或其他方法进行保护。
protect:指提供某种庇护以免受到伤害。
4. waste: n. [U] 浪费；滥用（+ of），废弃物，废料，排泄物
adj.废弃的，无用的
Doing such a job is a ～ of his talents.做这种工作是在浪费他的才能。
A lot of poisonous ～ from the chemical works polluted the river.化工厂的许多有毒的废料污染这条河。
Throw out that ～ paper.把废纸扔掉。
Vt. 浪费，滥用，未充分利用（+ on），使荒芜，使荒废
Don’t ～ your time and energy on trifles.别把你的时间和精力浪费在琐事上。
The drought ～d the land.旱灾使田地荒芜。
～ one’s words白费口舌
～ time in doing sth. / on sth. 浪费时间做……
5. freezing: adj.冰冻的，严寒的，冷冻用的；（态度）非常冷淡
What ～ weather it is!好冷的天气！
frozen; adj. 冻结的，冷冰的，冷酷的
The road is ～ hard. 路上的冻结得很硬。
freeze sb.’s blood / make sb.’s blood freeze 使某人极度恐慌。
be frozen to death 冻死
6. abundant: adj.丰富的;充裕的，丰富，盛产，富于
～ in 富于……，……很丰富
an ～ supply of oil 充足的石油供应
The tree is ～ in fruit. 这棵树果实累累
abundance: n. 丰富，充裕， a year of ～ 丰年
an ～ of + n.[C / U] 大量的，多的
in ～ 丰富的，充裕的
abundantly: adv. 丰富地
7. fond: adj. 喜爱的，喜欢的（做表语）
I am not ～ of eating meat. 我不喜欢吃肉。
a ～ mother 慈母 ～ looks 慈爱的样子
8. ancestor: n. [C] 祖先，祖宗，起源，始祖
the worship（崇拜;敬仰;敬神）of one’s ～s 祭祖，
ancestral: adj. 祖先的，祖传的
ancestress: 女祖先 ancestry：n. (pl. ～ries) [ 总称] 祖先，家世
line of ancestries 祖系
9. locate: vt. 查找……的地点，使……坐落于，位于
be ～d in 位于，坐落于
We ～d the island on the map.我们在地图上查找这个岛屿。
Our school is ～d in the centre of the town.我们学校坐落于市镇的中心。
location: n. 位置，场所，特定区域，[美] （电影）外景拍摄场地
The hill is a good ～ for the new church.那山丘是建筑新教堂的好地点。
～ problem布局问题 on ～ 拍摄外景中
10. mix: v. 使混合，混淆，
～ A with B / ～ A and B (together) 把A与B混合起来
～ sth.. for sb. 为某人混合 / 制成
get ～ed up in sth 牵连到（棘手的事情）
get ～ed up with （与不受欢迎的人）交往
～ … into … 将……（另一成分）加进某混合
～ sb. up / about / over … 把某人弄糊涂
mixture: n. [U] 混合，混合状态 [C] 混合之物
a cough ～ 复方咳嗽药
a ～ of relief and joy 安心和欢喜的复杂心情
mixed; adj.混合的 ～ feelings 欢乐恐惧参半
11. concrete: adj. 实物的，具体的，有型的 more ～ ; most ～
n.[U] 混泥土
a ～ analysis of ～ problems 对具体问题做具体分析
Light is not ～ but window is. 光是无形的，但窗户有形
～ dam 混泥土坝 ～ mixture 混泥土混合料
in the ～ 具体地，实际上
v. 用混泥土修筑，浇混泥土，凝结
12. upwards: adv. 向上地，朝上，向上游，向内地 反义词：downward
trace a river ～ 溯流而上
The plane flew ～ and out of sight. 飞机向上飞去，随即看不见了。
The prices are from 10 dollars upward. 价格从十美圆起。
13. semicircle: n. 半圆形
sit in a ～ 坐成半圆形
semi－（前缀）“一半的”，“半……的之意”
semifinal 半决赛 semiconductor 半导体 semimonthly 美半月一次地
14. awesome: adj. 引起敬畏的，可怕的 an ～ sight 惊人的奇观
They had an ～ task ahead. 前面有十分艰巨的任务等着他们。
15. approximately: adv.近似地，大约正确的，近似于……地
The hospital is ～ five miles from the station. 医院距离车站约有5英里。
approximate(l) adj.近似的，大约的，使接近（主要指质或数量方面）
an ～ value近似值
The ～ time of our arrival is 3 o’clock.. 我们抵达的时间大约是3点钟。
Vt. / vi;近似，接近
This is the sum of money which ～s to what will be needed. 这是那笔极接近所需数目的款项。
The distance ～s three miles. 距离约有3英里。
approximation: n. [C / U] 概算，接近，近似值
16. enthusiast; n. 热心家，狂热者
an ～ of jazz 爵士乐爱好者
～ for a united Europe 热烈赞成欧洲统一的人。
enthuse: vt. [口] 使热心 Vi. 热心 ～ over / about sth. 热心于……
enthusiasm: n. [C / U] 狂热，积极性，热心， ～for / about …… 对……的积极性
He has a great ～ for personal computers. 他热衷于个人电脑
with ～ 热衷地，狂热地
enthusiastic: adj. 热心的，热情的
be ～ about / over / for …… 对……热心
She is an ～ admirer of the film star. 她狂热地爱慕（崇拜）那位电影明星。
He became ～ about classical music. 他变成了一个古典音乐迷。
enthusiastically: adv. 热心地，狂热地
17. permanent: adj. 永久的，持久的
Nature is ～ .自然是永恒的。
～ agreement 永久性协定
This is my ～ address. 这是我的固定地址。
～ly: adv. 永存地，不变地
permanence: n. [U] 永久，恒久，不变
We no longer talk of the ～ of marriage. 如今，再也没有人说婚姻要天长地久。
18. recreation: n. [C / U] 消遣，娱乐，（身心的）休养
I regard reading as a form of ～. 我把看书当作一种消遣。
recreate; v. （使）得到休养 / 娱乐
～ oneself with 以……消遣
辨析：relaxation / refreshment / amusement / recreation
relaxation: n. 放松，消遣，娱乐。主要强调从坚强的劳累中放松、解脱出来。
refreshment: n. 精力和体力上的恢复。
amusement: n. 侧重指欢乐、快乐；娱乐
recreation: n. 通常是指改变一下工作或为了放松一下身体，或清醒一下脑子纵情消遣。
19. immigration: n. 外来的移民，移居入境
～ authority 移民局
～ problem 移民问题
immigrate: vt. 使移居入境 vi. 移来
As a mere child, he ～d to this country from Ireland. 当他还是孩提时，就从爱尔兰移居到这个国家来。
20. hunt: vt. / vi. / n. 打猎，狩猎，追捕；（与after / for 连用）搜索、追寻
I ～ed for my book everywhere. 我到处找我的书。
Lions ～ in groups. 狮子成群猎食。
go on a deer ～ 去猎鹿
go hunting 去打猎 ～ for 寻找
～ out 把……追赶出来；寻出（放置起来而被遗忘的东西）
～ up 寻找（隐藏或难发现的东西）
hunter: n.猎人，追寻者
The ～s camped in the midst of the thick forest. 猎人们在密林深处宿营。
21. second only to …… 仅次于……
second to none 头等的，不次于任何人的
In our class, Tom is second only to Jack in English.在我们班里Tom的英语仅次于Jack。
second to, next to, superior to, junior/senior to
He is such a good player that he is second to none. （无人能比.）
Next to music, he loves tennis best. （除了音乐，他最喜欢网球。）.
This employee is superior to the former in ability. （这个雇员比上个强。）
He is junior to me by two years. （他比我小两岁。）
22. the vast majority of 大多数
a / the majority of …… 大多数；该短语做主语时，谓语动词的数取决于其后的名词或句子的意思。若强调由个体组成的“大多数”，谓语动词用复数，若强调整体时，则谓语动词用单数。
练一练：
1. Don’t worry about the situation in the world. ______ of people prefer peace to war.
A. The most B. The great part C. The majority D. The number
2. ________ the people there _______ that smoking is harmful to the health.
A. Majority of; thinks B. The majority; thinks
C. Majority of; thinks D. The majority of; thinks
23. be thrilled by 对……感到兴奋
thrill v. 使感到强烈的兴奋，感到兴奋，使毛骨悚然, 使激动; 刺激
be thrilled at / by sth. / to do sth.
n. [C] 一阵强烈的情绪（如：快乐，激动，恐惧等）.一种毛骨悚然的感觉; 震动; 颤抖
She was thrilled at / by / the invitation. 她受到邀请很兴奋。
The exhibition thrilled all the visitors who came to the gallery. It was a great success.
The audiences were thrilled with her great performance.
The performance gave us a great thrill.
A thrill went through her the moment her flight took off.
It is a thrill watching a 3D film in a virtual reality cinema.
24. colonize: vt.把……变为殖民地 colonization: n. 殖民主义
colonist: n. 殖民地居民 colonialist: n. 殖民主义者
26. be lost to 失去……，没有…… The opportunity was lost to him.（他没有机会了）
be lost in 1) 消失在…中 The ship was lost in the hurricane.（消失在风暴中）
2) 陷入（沉思等）；被…所吸引
For some time he seemed lost in thought.
My companion sat silent now for some time, lost in thought
3) 在…中迷路，迷失在…We were lost in the forest （在森林里迷路了）
be lost on / upon 未被……领会
27. for short(简略形式), in short(总之)
Her name is “Frances”, or “Fran” for short.
Fran is short for Frances.
Things can’t be any worse: in short, the project has got stuck.
关注类似的短语：for free(without payment), for certain/sure(=without doubt)
I got the ticket for free from someone who didn’t want it.
He must live somewhere around. But I can’t say for sure/certain.
28. smaller in size 在尺寸上小一些
in size 在大小，尺寸，规模上
in length / height / in width / in depth / = long / high / wide / deep
ten meters long / in length 十米长 two kilometers deep / in depth 二公里深
29. be home to … ……的所地（相当于be the home of）
30. seek their fortunes 碰运气，找出路
seek: sought / sought 寻找，追求，试图
～ after / for ……寻找、追求…… ～ to do sth. 试图做……
～ out 搜出 ～ through 搜遍
Something suspicious was found after the room was sought through.
房间被彻底搜查后,发现了一点可疑的东西。
He sought to speak to her. 他寻找机会与她说话。
He sought vainly for the answer. 他寻求答案,但无结果。
31. in the gold rush 在淘金热中
32. a handful of 一把……，少量的 a handful of sweets 一把糖果
a mouthful of 一口…… a spoonful of …… 一勺……
33. go with 和……完全相配，适合， 伴随 ，与...相配 ， 与...约会 ， 顺从...的趋势
34. sort out 整理出，挑出，解决，打败
sort out the wheat from the chaff 把小麦从糠皮中拣选出来
35. be covered in permanent frost 被笼罩在经久不退的浓雾中
36. be perfect for 对……完全适合
The weather is perfect for a garden party. 这是举行露天招待会的理想天气。
37. due to 由于，起因于，应付给……的，due 为形容词，to是介词
due to 一般引导表语，但也可引导状语。
Owing to 可用来引导状语或表语（多用于前者）。Owing to 一般是修饰整个句子，因此严格的来讲，应用逗号和前面的句子分开。
E.g. These slips are due to / owing to the author’s insufficient acquaintance with the life of the laboring people.
这些疏忽是由于作者对劳动人民的生活不够熟悉而造成的。
They decided to put off the trip, owing to the change of weather.
由于天气变化，他们决定延期启程。
38. cater to / for 迎合，满足
This is a magazine catering to the interests of adults. 这是一本投合成年人口味的杂志。
39. feature
1. 特征,特色[(+of)]
This is a key feature of our society. 这是我们社会的一个主要特点。
2. (眼、口、鼻等)脸的一部分
3. 面貌,相貌[P]
He could recall her features very distinctly. 他能够清晰地回想起她的容貌。
4. (报纸等的)特写,特别报导,专栏
The local newspaper ran a feature on child labor.
地方报纸登载一篇有关童工劳动的特写。
5. (电影的)正片,故事片
6. (特色商品等)特别吸引人的东西
vt.
1. 1. 以...为特色;是...的特色
2. (电影)由...主演
The new movie features two of my favorite actors. 这部新片由我最喜爱的两位演员主演。
3. 特载,以...作为号召
The museum's exhibit features paintings of colonial times.
博物馆的展品突出介绍殖民时代的绘画。
vi.起重要作用;作为主要角色[(+in)]
Economic issues featured very largely in the Prime Minister's speech.
首相的讲话中很大一部分涉及经济问题。
40. 单词拼写：
1. It’s very cold today; the temperature has dropped to f __________ point.
2. L _______ in Southern Australia, Kitzbuhel is a paradise for skiers.
3. I climbed steadily u _______ till I reached the top of the ladder.
4. He is s __________ very intelligent, but in fact he isn’t.
5. There were c ________ numbers of locusts passing overhead like a great dark cloud.
Keys: 1. freezing 2. Located 3. upwards 4. seemingly 5. countless
备课：高三英语备课组
Ⅰ.Warming-up:
1. There are many different jobs around the world. How many jobs can you think of? Please list them as many as possible here:
__________________________________________________________________________
2. What jobs do you think are particularly suitable for men or women? Why?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
3. Which job would you most like to do and least like to do? Why?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
Ⅱ. Fast reading:
Read the article quickly and answer the following questions.
1. What does the author discuss in the article?
__________________________________________________________________________
2. Can you give two examples of the so-called glamorous jobs?
___________________________________________
3. Which jobs look dull but are actually very important?
___________________________________________________
Ⅲ. Careful reading:
一． Read the text carefully and get to know the structure of the text.
A beginning paragraph (_______)
The structure 2-3 popular jobs
of the text Body paragraphs (______) ___ ______ jobs
___ ______ jobs
A concluding paragraph (_______)
二．Read each part carefully and finish the related exercises.
Para One
1. What is last year of high school a time for?
__________________________________________________
2. What are the three types of jobs the author talks about?
__________________________________________________
3. Choose the meaning of “reflection” in line 2.. ( )
A. light turned back
B. image in a mirror
C. careful thoughts about something, sometimes for a long period of time.
4. Guess the meaning of the word “options” in line 4. ( )
A. different choices B. jobs C. careers
Para Two& Three
1. When choosing a career, what is the author’s advice?
_________________________________________________________________
2. What do unsuccessful actors, actresses and models have to do ?
_________________________________________________________________
3. What do successful ones have to do?
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
4. What is the author’s attitude towards the successful career?
_________________________________________________________________________
5. What are some other popular professions?
_________________________________________________________
6. What are the problems with these professions?
_____________________________________________________________________
Para Four
1. List the unusual jobs mentioned in the paragraph.
______________________________________________________________________
2. What job did the man in the Grand Canyon National Park do?
______________________________________________________________________
3. Which sentence shows the author’s positive attitude toward these unusual jobs?
_____________________________________________________________________
Para Five
1. List the ordinary jobs in paragraph 5.
________________________________________________________________
2. What attitude of the author’s do the following words express?
1)…many ordinary jobs may look dull, but they are as essential as water to our body.
2) These jobs may not seem very attractive, but they are all important.
3) These people ,who perform such ordinary but vital tasks, allow people to go about…
_ The author is in favour of/ against the ordinary jobs.
Para Five
Find out the words which show the author’s positive attitude and negative attitude.
Positive attitude: _________________
Negative attitude: ____________________
Ⅳ. Further reading
Please classify the following occupations and complete the table:
1. models 2. environmental monitoring officers 3. fireworks display designers
4. bus drivers 5. barbers 6. business people 7. cleaners 8. testers of amusement 9. shop assistants 10. actors 11. beer tasters 12. lawyers
classifications occupations descriptions
popular jobs
unusual jobs
ordinary jobs
Ⅴ. Learning the reading strategy--Reading for opinion in a text.
What attitude do the following sentences express? Negative or positive?
1) It does not seem that glamorous now, does it? ( )
2) These jobs may not seem very attractive, but they are all important. ( )
3) Remember that some glamorous jobs can be rather difficult. ( )
4) Some ordinary jobs can be quite important. ( )
Ⅵ. Extension
Have a discussion with your partners, talking about the following questions.
1. What do you think is the most interesting job in the world?
2. If you could choose to have an unusual job, what it would be and why?
3. When thinking about choosing your future job, what should you consider? Why?
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
Module 11Unit 1 Reading学案
(for teachers)
高三英语备课组
Module 11 Unit 1 Reading学案
备课：高三英语备课组
Ⅰ.Warming-up:
1. There are many different jobs around the world. How many jobs can you think of? Please list them as many as possible here:
cleaner, chef, beer taster, baker, carpenter, teacher, engineer, model, actor, architect, writer, novelist, surgeon, grocer, barber, lawyer, police, scientist, driver, worker, waiter, shop assistance, secretary, detective, official, designer…_
2. What jobs do you think are particularly suitable for men or women? Why?
_Men: scientist, engineer, police, carpenter, firefighter…
Women: waitress, teacher, model, nurse__
3. Which job would you most like to do and least like to do? Why?
_________________________________________________________________________
Ⅱ. Fast reading:
Read the article quickly and answer the following questions.
1. What does the author discuss in the article?
Some of the options available to you and whether popular careers, more unusual jobs or everyday jobs are better suited to you.
2. Can you give two examples of the so-called glamorous jobs?
A model, an actor.
3. Which jobs look dull but are actually very important?
Shop assistant , drivers, barbers ,cleaners.
Ⅲ. Careful reading:
一. Read the text carefully and get to know the structure of the text.
A beginning paragraph (___1____)
The structure 2-3 popular jobs
of the text Body paragraphs (_2-5__) _4_ _unusual__ jobs
_5_ _ordinary_ jobs
A concluding paragraph (__6_)
二．Read each part carefully and finish the related exercises.
Para One
1. What is last year of high school a time for?
A time for hard work and also a time for reflection.
2. Choose the meaning of “reflection” in line 2. ( C )
A. light turned back
B. image in a mirror
C. careful thoughts about something, sometimes for a long period of time.
3. What are the three types of jobs the author talks about?
popular jobs, unusual jobs, everyday jobs
4. Guess the meaning of the word “options” in line 4. ( A )
A. different choices B. jobs C. careers
Para Two& Three
1. When choosing a career, what is the author’s advice?
Consider all the aspects of a job.
2. What do unsuccessful actors, actresses and models have to do ?
They have to work as waiters and waitresses.
3. What do successful ones have to do?
They have to spend long hours traveling, deal with constant media attention, be very thick-skinned, go on diet to keep young and beautiful, have painful surgery to make their faces and bodies look more attractive.
4. What is the author’s attitude towards the successful career?
Maybe a career as a local grocer or flour-covered baker would be a better option.
5. What are some other popular professions?
the lawyer, the boss etc.
6. What are the problems with these professions?
Stress and pressure, work long hours, hurt people, involve facing moral issues.
Para Four
1. List the unusual jobs mentioned in the paragraph.
noise pollution tester, beer taster, firework display designer, testers of amusement park rides
2. What job did the man in the Grand Canyon National Park do?
To check noise pollution in the park zone.
3. Which sentence shows the author’s positive attitude toward these unusual jobs?
All these people love their jobs, which might not be popular, but are interesting regardless.
Para Five
1. List the ordinary jobs in this paragraph.
shop assistant driver barber cleaner
2. What attitude of the author’s do the following words express?
1) …many ordinary jobs may look dull, but they are as essential as water to our body.
2) These jobs may not seem very attractive, but they are all important.
3) These people, who perform such ordinary but vital tasks, allow people to go about …
The author is in favour of the ordinary jobs.
Para Six
Find out the words which show the author’s positive attitude and negative attitude.
positive attitude : quite important
negative attitude: rather difficult
Ⅳ. Further reading
Please classify the following occupations and complete the table:
1. models 2. environmental monitoring officers 3. fireworks display designers
4. bus drivers 5. barbers 6. business people 7. cleaners 8. testers of amusement 9. shop assistants 10. actors 11. beer tasters 12. lawyers
classifications occupations Descriptions
popular jobs
1. 6. 10. 12
…appear very exciting but actually very difficult and boring; so-called glamorous; …well-paid and interesting; sometimes you will have to make difficult decisions that hurt people…
unusual jobs
2. 3. 8. 11
…better suited to some people’s talents and interests. All these people love their jobs, which might not be popular, but are interesting regardless.
ordinary jobs
4. 5. 7. 9
…may look dull but as essential as water to our society. These jobs may not seem very attractive but they are very important
Ⅴ. Learning the reading strategy--Reading for opinion in a text.
What attitude do the following sentences express? Negative or positive?
1). It does not seem that glamorous now, does it? ( N )
2). These jobs may not seem very attractive, but they are all important. ( P )
3). Remember that some glamorous jobs can be rather difficult. ( N )
4). Some ordinary jobs can be quite important. ( P )
Ⅵ. Extension
Have a discussion with your partners, talking about the following questions.
1. What do you think is the most interesting job in the world?
2. If you could choose to have an unusual job, what it would be and why?
3. When thinking about choosing your future job, what should you consider? Why?
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
M10 Unit 1 词汇教学案
编 号：011 时 间：08.9.3
编写人：曹 刚 审核人：路惠玲
一、词汇拓展
1．politician (n.)→__political____(adj.)→_politics___(n.)
2．smoothly (adv.)→_smooth__(adj.)__smooth________(v.)
3．electricity (n.)→_electrical_______(adj.) →___electric____(adj.)
4．interest (n.)→_interesting__(adj.)→_interested_(adj.)_interest_(v.)
5．weaken (vt.)→__weak___(adj.)→___weakness_____(n.)
6．creativity (n.)→_ceeative___(adj.)→__create____(v.)
7．passer-by (n.)→_passers-by____(pl.)
8．bare (adj.)→_barely____（adv.）_bear__________(同音词)
9．conscious (adj.)→_consciousness___(n.)
10．increasingly (adv.)→_increase____(v.)→__decrease____(opposite)
11．operator (n.)→__operation_____(n.)→___operate________(v.)
12．dependent (adj.)_dependence_ (n.)_depend_ (v.)_independent_ (opposite)
二、考点聚焦
1．cattle
1）十头牛_ten head of cattle__________
( people、police、cattle、goods、clothes等作主语时，谓语用复数。)
2）The people in the city _are_______very friendly.
3）The police _are searching for the criminal______在搜寻罪犯。
2．put pressure on 给……施加压力
1) _Don’t put much pressure on the habdle or it may break__________
(不要在把柄上太用力了，它会坏的。)
2）Life is tough in the city, and in order to lose their _pressure____, some people drink alcohol.(压力)
3．on top of 另外，此外，_besides_ _in addition to__ _as well as/ apart from__(同义短语)
1）这个星期他过的很糟糕。他丢了工作，不但如此，自行车也被偷了。
He had a bad week. He _lost his job on top of that, his bike was stolen__
2)他除了日常工作外,还为报纸写稿.He writes for the newspaper on top of his regular job. _
3）in complete control of a job, situation.
不要担心，我已经控制住了一切。
__Don’t worry, and I ‘m on top of everything_._______________
4）on top of the world ＝extremely happy.
听说他被释放的消息，我感到非常高兴。_Hearing the news that he was set free, I felt on top of the world.___
5）＝at the top of …
on top of the mountain＝___at the top of the mountain__
at the top of (one’s voice)_大声的叫喊_____
4．claim 夺去，夺走生命; 声称（claim to be / to have done）
①那场地震夺去了3,000多人的生命。
__The earthquake has claimed over 3000 lives.___ __
②医生们声称已经发现了治疗这种疾病的方法。
_Doctors claimed to have discovered a cure for the disease.__
③他自称是全校最佳的网球手。__He claimed to be the best tennis player of the school.__
5．at risk处于危险状态，可能遭到失败、损失等
1）Is the Government’s income policy seriously at risk?
__政府的税收政策可能遭到严重的失败吗？_________
2）冒险做某事;冒……之险__take/ run the risk of doing sth_______
我们将冒迟到之险。__We’ll take the risk of being late.__________
3）__He decided to take the risk of being taken prisoner by the enemies.__ 他决定冒被敌人俘虏的危险。
4）_Owing to the flood, the old temple was at risk.____
因为洪水，这座古老的寺庙要倒塌了。
6．without doubt 毫无疑问
There is no doubt that / about / of
1）_He is without doubt the best student I have ever taught.___
毫无疑问他是我教过最好的学生。
2）__There is no doubt that the cure for AIDS will br found._______
毫无疑问艾滋病的治疗方法将被找到。
3）__I don’t doubt that he’ll comt to my party _tonight.____
我不怀疑他今晚会来我的舞会。
4）他们怀疑会议是否被推迟。_They doubt whether the meeting will be put off._
7．be dependent on ＝__depent on_____ 依靠，依赖，随……而定
1）__He is the sort of person you can depend on____他是那种你可以依赖的人。
2）Can we _depent on your coming_on Sunday？我们能指望你星期天来吗？
3）The industry is __depentent on coal_______工业依赖煤炭。
4）__It all depends . /That all depends.___看情况而定，这难说。
8．sleepy困倦的，瞌睡的; asleep__睡着_____________
睡着_be/ fal asleep___ 觉得（看来）欲睡_look/feel sleepy___
入睡_go to sleep__ / _fall asleep__ 好好睡一觉_have a good sleep____
不眠之夜__a sleepless night____ 使某人入睡_put sb. to sleep__
9．show off 展示，炫耀
1）a swimsuit that _shows off her figure well_能充分显示她美好身材的泳装。
2）Mothers who like to _show off their daughters_喜欢宣扬女儿长处的母亲。
3）show up__出现，露面____。
4）__Only three od the people whom we invited to the party didn’t show up._。
我们邀请来参加宴会的人只有三人未出席。
5）_ show sb in/ out___引领某人进入（离开）…地方。
__show sb around sp.___ __.带某人参观某处。
10．put …into practice 把……付诸实施
put (sb) up for the night __提供住宿让某人过夜____
put sb to bed ___安顿某人上床休息_________
①We tried hard to _put the plan onto practice._ ____.将计划付诸实施。
②__You can put up here for the night______你可以在这里过夜.
区别以下put的含义：
1）Put the book where it was. __放_____
2）He put many questions at the meeting __提出______
3）I put her to set the table __让、叫_____
4）I can put it in words __说、表达______________
Put 短语发散:
放回_put back _____ 镇压，写下__put down____________
插嘴__put in______ 推迟___put off_____________
上演，穿上_put on_______ 扑灭，生产，出版__put out___________
将……置于一边___put aside_____ 忍受___put up with______
11．contribute to 促成，引发，捐献，投稿，有助于
1）锻炼能促成更强健的体魄。_Exercise contributes to better health.___
2）饮酒促成他的毁灭。_Drinking contributes to his ruin._____
3）格林先生向《伦敦杂志》投诗稿已有几年了。
___Mr Green has contributed to the London Magazine for several years.__
4）contribution _make contributions to___.为……作贡献
12．nevertheless 然而，不过
①There was no news; __neverthless____，_she went on hoping._____ (没有消息，然而她继续存着希望。)
②__The news may be unexpected; neverthless., it is true.__________
（这消息可能是出乎意料的，然而是真实的。）
13．in debt 负债 在太空_in space__
在进行中，在手头，在控制中__in hand_健康状况好_in good condition__
我手头有足够的钱_have enough money in hand 按顺序_in order___
在监狱_in prison___处于困境中_in trouble____ 负责_in charge
Notes to Welcome to the unit:
1. advertise
vt. 为……做广告，宣传；（在报刊、电视、广播等中）公告（布）
to advertise one’s goods 为某货品做广告
vi. 登（做）广告，登公告
advertise for 为征求……做广告
He advertised _____ a ______ ______. 他登广告求购一辆旧车。
advertisement n.[C]广告，公告，启事 [U]广告活动，宣传
put an advertisement in a newspaper 在报纸上登广告
He always ______ the ______ in the paper as he wants to find a job. 他想找份工作，因此总是研究报纸上的广告。
注意：
advertise 指（在报刊、电视、广播等中）公告，为……做广告；publish 指发表（文章）；announce 指宣布，宣告；declare 指在庄重正式的场合宣布官方或自己的立场，态度。
The news was ______ by Radio Peking.
Bulgaria ______ her independence in 1908.
She’s just ______ her fourth novel.
Are lawyers allowed to ______ their services?
2. aware
adj. （作表语）知道的；意识到的
be aware of (sth.) 意识到（某事）
be aware that-clause 知道……；意识到……
be aware wh-clause知道……；体会到……
make sb. aware of/that-clause 让某人注意到……/提醒某人注意……
He ______ ______ ______ the danger. 他没有意识到危险。
______ she ______ that I’m coming? 她知道我要来吗？
The principal didn’t seem ______ ______ ______ that there should have been so much dispute about the decision. 校长好像没有意识到这个决定竟会有这么多分歧。
Also when you write your goals in a particular way, you are able to make yourself continuously ______ situations that will bring you nearer to your goal.
A. aware of B. worried about C. familiar with D. accustomed to
awareness n. unaware adj.(ant.反义词)
3. similar
adj. 相像的；类似的
无比较级，可作前置定语，表示某物与另一物相似。后接介词to表示“与……相似”；后接介词in表示“在某方面相似”。
We have similar opinions. 我们持类似的观点。
This specimen is similar ______ that one. 这个样本和那个样本差不多。
Your views on education are similar ______ ______. 你的教育观和我的一样。
Our cars are similar ______ ______ ______.我们的车子只是颜色一样。
In one way or another, riding a bicycle is similar ______ ______ ______ ______.
某种意义上说，骑自行车和开汽车差不多。
注意：
similar 指相似但不完全一致；same 指同一个人或物，也指在性质等方面完全相同的不同事物；alike 指人或物相似到难以区分的地步。
He and his brother are very ______. 他和他的兄弟很像。
They are of ______ ______ mind on this matter. 在这件事上他们的看法相同。
He graduated in1990 and went abroad ______ ______ ______ ______.他1990年毕业，同年晚些时候出国。
Those children all look ______ ______ to me.那些小孩我看起来一模一样。
They are ______ opinions.它们是相似的观点。
similarity n.
1) [U] 相似性；类似性，后常接介词between, in, to, with。
There were points of similarity ______ them. 他们之间有相似之处。
What strikes me about his poetry is its similarity ______ Words Worth’s.
他的诗使我想起其与华兹华斯诗歌的相似性。
2) [C] 类似处；相似事例
There are some ______ ______ ______ between British English and American English. 英国英语和美国英语之间有一些相似之处和不同之处。
Notes to Reading
4. be used to sth.(doing sth.) ：对……习以为常，习惯于，适应
注意：
be/get/become used to sth./doing sth. ：对……习以为常，习惯于，适应
sth. be used to do sth.：用……做……
used to do sth.：过去常常做……
I am getting on well with him nowadays. Better than I ______ ______.
我和他现在处得很好，比以前好多了。
I ______ ______ write poems myself when I was his age.
我在像他这么大的时候经常写诗。
I am not quite used to ______ ______ ______ ______.
我不大适应生活在城市里。
I used to ______ in Nanjing. 我以前住在南京。
The new machine ______ production. However, I______ it.
A. is used to increase; am not used to controlling
B. is used to increasing; don’t used to control
C. used to increase; don’t used to control
D. used to increasing; am not used to control
5. do research on…：做……的研究
research:
1) n. do/conduct research on
I’m conducting research on advertisements. 我正在做关于广告的研究。
2) v. to study：研究
It’s important for a businessman to research the market. 商人研究市场很重要。
6. share with：use sth. together with
share (in) sth with sb.：与……共用/享（担）
I’d like to share my book ______ you.
She _____ my troubles as well as my joys.
A. shares with B. shares (in)
7. persuasive
adj. 劝导性的，劝诱的；有说服力的，令人信服的
He can be very persuasive. 他很会说服人。
Their ______ are very ______. 他们的论点很具有说服力。
persuade：vt.劝说，说服
persuade sb. to do sth./persuade sb. into doing sth.：说服某人做某事
persuade sb. not to do sth./persuade sb. out of doing sth.：说服某人不做某事
8. promote
1) vt. 宣传，推广；促销，推销
Do you have any idea on how to ______ ______ ______of this product?
对于如何推销这种产品你有什么方法吗？
This area ______ ______ ______ as a tourist spot.
这个地区正被推广为旅游点。
2) vt. 使某人晋升，促进
He ______ ______ Captain. 他晋升为上尉。
Policies ______ ______ ______ have been made. 已经制定出促进经济增长的政策。
9. for free: free of charge/without payment
Every child will get a book for free. 每个孩子都会得到一本免费的书。
10. intend to do sth：mean to do sth.
I intended to do it, but I’m afraid I forgot.
be intended to: be meant to
What he said at the meeting ____ make us support his idea.
A. intended to B. intends to
C. was intended to D. is intended to
be intended/ meant for sb.： 打算给（谁）；打算（作什么用）
The street was not intended/meant for heavy trucks; it’s so narrow.
这街道当初没有设计好承受很大的交通流量，现在已是这么狭小了。
This book is intended/meant for children. 这本书是为儿童写的。
intention n. 意图，打算，目的
intentional adj. 故意的，存心的
intended adj. 意欲达到的，打算的
the intended meaning
an intended trip abroad next month
water (not) intended for drinking
mean to do 打算做… /mean doing 意味着… (mean- meant- meant)
I meant ______(to go/going), but my father would no allow me to. 我想去，但我父亲不肯让我去。
This new order will mean (to work/working) overtime. 这一新订单意味着得加班加点。
11. issue
1) n.议题；问题
She usually writes about environmental issues.
I don’t think my private life is the issue here.
2) n. (报刊)一期；期号
The article appeared in issue 25.
issue, problem, question
注意：
issue 表示“重大的议题”， “争论的问题”，是需要大家讨论的话题，争端。
problem指客观存在的并有待于解决的问题，或提出来的难题。
question指对不懂的事情提出问题，并期待他人给予解答，一般和answer搭配使用。
The union plans to raise the ______ of overtime. 工会打算提出加班问题。
Unemployment is a real ______ for graduates now. 现在失业对大学毕业生是个大问题。
He likes to work out maths ______. 他喜欢解答数学难题。
I hope the police don’t ask any awkward ______. 我希望警方不要提出难应付的问题。
12. fall for sth.：to be deceived by sth.：信以为真，上当
You should be clever ______ not ______ ______ ______ his tricks.
你不会蠢到相信他那一套。
I’m surprised that you fell for such a simple trick. 我感到吃惊，你竟然相信这种小把戏。
fall guy： person who is tricked
How could you be easily cheated by his words? You are really a fall guy.
fall for sb： be attracted to sb. 爱上，喜欢上
They met, fell for each other and got married six weeks later.
13. play tricks on：play a joke on
Children, as well as adults, usually play tricks on each other on Halloween.
万圣节前夕，人们不分老少互相捉弄。
--Do you want a ______ or______? 要恶作剧还是招待?
--______. 招待。
The teacher asked us______ ______ ______ ______ ______ each other any more.
老师要求我们不要再捉弄对方了。
trick： vt. 欺骗，哄骗
trick sb. out of sth.：从某人处骗走某物
He was treated ______ ______ ______. 他被骗离职。
trick sb. into doing sth.：诱使某人做某事
She tricked him ______ ______ her all his money. 她骗走了他所有的钱。
14. commit
vt. 犯（错误），干（坏事）
If you ______ ______ ______, you should be punished. 如果你犯了罪，你就应受处罚。
Many crimes ______ ______ by young men. 许多罪行都是年轻人犯下的。
commit a crime/a mistake/suicide：犯罪/犯错/自杀
commit oneself to do/doing sth：承诺（保证）某人做某事
commit oneself to sth.：（对某事）（公开地）表示意见
commit time/money to (doing)sth.：在……上花时间或钱
commit to sb./sth.：忠心于某人；全心全意投入…
Notes to Grammar and usage:
15. (P9) recommend vt.
1）推荐，后跟介词as, for, to。例如：
They recommend him as a good manager.他们把他作为好经理来推荐。
You can recommend some books to the students.你可以向学生们推荐一些好书。
The teacher recommended the book for spare time reading. 老师推荐这本书作为业余时间的读物。
2）建议；忠告。后面通常接名词、代词或动词---ing作宾语，可以接不定式作宾语补足语，但不可以接不定式作宾语，也可以接宾语从句。
He recommended Australia for our next holiday.他建议我们下次度假去澳大利亚。
I recommend you to think very carefully before you do anything foolish.我劝你在做出任何蠢事之前先仔细地思考一下。
The doctor recommended that I (should) stay a few more days in hospital.医生建议我在医院再呆几天。
注意：recommend后接宾语从句时，常用虚拟语气，即用“should+动词原形”，或直接用动词原形。recommend也可用于被动语态。例如：
The medicine is highly recommended for liver trouble. 人们都说这药治肝炎很好。
Can you ______ ______ ______ _______ _______ by Shakespeare? 你能给我推荐一首莎士比亚写的诗歌吗？
--- Are you putting on weight these days?
--- Yes. The doctor ____ the amount of fat in my diet.
A. recommended for limiting B. recommended me to limit
C. advised I limited D. suggested me to limit
16. choice: n.选择
This shop has a large choice of clothes.此店有甚多种类的衣服可供挑选。
名词choice在表示“选择”时常用下列搭配：
1） adj.+ choice:
careful/good/right/wise choice 认真的/好的/正确的/明智的选择
bad/wrong/hard choice 糟糕的/错误的/艰难的选择
2）v.+ choice:
make a choice做出选择 be faced with/face a choice面临选择
3) have no choice but to do sth不得不做某事；除．．．．．．之外别无选择只能做某事
The child had no choice but to go to bed这孩子别无选择只能上床睡觉。
We had ______ ______ _____ _______ ______ ______we were asked.我们别无选择只能做我们被要求做的事。
choose v.
1）表示“挑选；选择”，多作及物动词。
Let me see what you have chosen.让我看看你选了什么。
2）choose from 引出选择范围
3）cannot choose but不得不；必须 后接不带to的不定式
如：He cannot choose but attend the party. 他不得不参加晚会。
4）选举，有以下三种表达方式：
我们选举布莱克先生当我们的领导。
We chose Mr Black as our leader.
We chose Mr Black to be our leader.
We chose Mr Black our leader.
5)作“要、决意做某事”解时，后多接不定式，有时会跟that从句。
She did not choose to accept my present.她不愿接受我的礼物。
There are five pairs ______, but I’m at a loss which to buy.
A. to be chosen B. to choose from C. to choose D. for choosing
The enemy had no choice but _____ their arms and ______.
A. lie down; give in B. lay down ;give in
C. to lay down; give in D. to lie down ; to give in
17. (p10) My daughter reminded me not to forget to take my medicine.
我女儿我不要忘了服药。
remind v 提醒，常用于以下结构：
1）remind sb to do sth提醒某人去做某事 如：
Remind me to take medicine tomorrow.提醒我明天吃药。
2) remind sb that +从句
She reminded me that I hadn’t written to my mother.她提醒我，我还没有给妈妈写信呢。
3) remind sb of sth提醒某人某事；使某人想起某事
This hotel reminds me of the one we stayed in last year.这家旅馆使我想起了我们去年住的那家旅馆。
What he said just now _____ ______ ______that American professor.他刚才所说的话使我想起了那个美国教授。
The picture of the park ______ memories of our class trip last year.
A. turned up B. called up C. reminded D. came up
Notes to Task:
18. (P13) We must update our packaging in order to attract more young customers.
我们必须更新我们的包装来吸引更多年轻的用户。
in order to 为了，用作目的状语，后接动词原形。如：
In order to be heard by all, he raised his voice.为了让大家听到他的话，他提高了嗓音。
He studies hard now in order to be the first in the exam.为了考第一名，他现在学习很努力。
比较so as to与in order to, so that与in order that
so as to表示“为了”、“以便”，后面接动词原形,作目的状语。
I got up early so as to be in time for the morning exercises.
我起床很早,以便及时做早操。
In order to survive, Chuck develops a friendship with an unusual friend-a volleyball he calls Wilson.
为了求生，查克交了一个不同寻常的朋友--一个被他叫作威尔逊的排球。
这两句中，in order to +动词原形，引导目的状语。so as to +动词原形，to+动词原形都可以引导目的状语。有时为了表示强调，也可以将in order to do, to do等放在句首,而so as to do一般不放在句首，也比较口语化。in order to是in order that引导的目的状语从句的简单句形式；so as to do sth. 是so that引导的目的状语从句的简单句形式。表达否定的目的时，可以用in order not to do和so as not to do这两种结构。
In order to (=To) hear more clearly, we moved to the front row.
为了听得更清楚,我们挪到了前排。
He ran quickly in order not to (= so as not to) be late for the meeting.
他跑得很快,以便(为的是)不迟到。
so that和in order that可以引导目的状语从句，so that也可引导结果状语从句，引导目的状语从句时说明主语的行为目的，引导结果状语从句时多说明主句行为的结果。从结构上看前者多带有情态动词。请对比下列从句：
I’ll keep the box in the shade so that the sun doesn’t burn the little plants.
我把箱子放在树荫下，这样太阳就烤不坏植物。(结果状语从句)
They stayed in Hangzhou so that they could visit the West Lake.
他们在杭州停留下来以便可以游览一下西湖。(目的状语从句)
so + adj./adv. that可以引导结果状语从句，意思是“如此．．．．．．以至于．．．．．．”，也可用于so +adj. +n. +that结构。例：
He ran ______ _______ _______nobody could catch up with him.他跑得太快，没人能追得上他。
He drank_____ ______ Coke _______he felt terrible.他喝了那么多可乐，感觉很难受。
All these gifts must be mailed immediately _____ in time for Christmas.
A. in order to have received B. in order to receive
C. so as to be received D. so as to be receiving
(P16)
19. convenient adj.方便的，便利的 不用来修饰人，常用来指事。其反义词为inconvenient。
be convenient to sb 对某人方便
It is also convenient to live close to your office.靠近你的工作单位居住也方便。
If it is convenient to you.如果你方便的话。
Come and see me whenever _________.
A. you are convenient B. you will be convenient
C. it is convenient to you D. it will be convenient to you
20 up to 1) 数量，程度)达到 2）从事于；忙于
3）该由．．．．．．；轮到 4）直到
1) He is up to his old games again. 他又在耍弄老花招了。
2) It is up to us to give them all the help we can.由我们定给他们我们所能帮的忙。
3) I haven’t heard from her up to now.到现在为止我没有收到她的来信。
4) The lift will hold up to fifteen people.这电梯将容纳承载达到15人。
--- Whose advice do you think I should take?
--- _____.
A. You get it B. Up to you C. Anyone you like D. You speak
21. highly adv.很，高度地
It is a highly amusing film.这是一部非常有趣的影片。
think highly of sb高度评价／器重某人 speak highly of sb 称赞某人
比较：high 与highly，它们都作副词时，high强调具体的高常修饰动词，highly强调抽象概念的高，等于very (much)，修饰作形容词的分词和用在一些常见搭配中。如：
The birds are flying high.鸟儿正飞得很高。
Li Lei was thought highly of by his headteacher for what he had done.李雷因他所做的一切受到他班主任的高度评价。
同样地， close 与closely
close本身做副词，和做形容词的时候意思是近似的，表示“靠近地（距离上的）”；而closely的意思，是引申意义，表示抽象概念，而且是感情上的，必须由人主观支配的。
The engineer went close to the machine to examine it closely.
工程师靠近机器以便更仔细地检查机器。
还有一些形容词有两个副词形式，一个与形容词同形，另一个由形容词加-ly构成（表示抽象的概念或表示程度）
形容词 副词 副词
wide wide（宽阔） widely（广泛地）
deep deep（深地－具体） deeply（深深地）
hard hard（努力地） hardly（几乎不）
most most（非常、及） mostly（主要地，大部分地）
late late（迟） lately（最近）
near near（靠近） nearly（几乎）
free free（免费） freely（无拘束地）
loud loud（大声） loudly（喧闹地）
I’m ______ _______ to meet you 我见到你很高兴。
Prices have ______ too.价格抬得太高。
As is known to all, the Chinese Space Agency has developed the ______ successful Long March rocked series.
A. highly B. heavily C. even D. much
(P17)
22. bore vt. 烦扰，使厌烦 bored adj.感到厌倦的 tiring adj.令人厌烦的
I’m bored with this job. 我对这工作厌倦了。
The long speech bored us all.那冗长的演讲使我们都感到厌烦。
Those relatives were _______ people. After a few days, I was getting ______ and homesick.
A. boring; boring B. bored; bored C. bored; boring D. boring; bored
23. available adj. （指东西）可利用的，有用的，可获得的，可购得的，可找到的；（指人）有空的
1) Attention please. These tickets are available on the day of issue only.请注意，这些车票仅在发售当天有效。
2) This was the only room available. 这是唯一可用的房间。
3) We’ll send you a copy as soon as it becomes available. 一有货我们就给你寄一本去。
4) Will she be available this afternoon? 她今天下午有空吗？
5) Tickets are available free of charge from the school. 学校有免费票
I’m sorry, those overcoats are not _______ ________ your colour and size.
对不起，这些衣服没有适合你的颜色和尺寸。
The man is_____ ________ ______ the job; he has other work..
那个人不能做这件事了，他有别的工作。
All the fruits of the revolution will be _____ _______made the poor.
革命的一切成果将供去穷人们享受享受。
There were no tickets ______ for tomorrow’s performance.
A. preferable B. considerable C. possible D.available
Notes to Project:(P18)
24. have sth in mind心理想着某事
I always have my teaching plans in mind. 我心里总想着我的教学计划。
have sb in mind 心理想着某人
When we are out, we should have our parents in mind. 我们出门在外时，我们应当始终想着我们的父母亲。
keep sth/sb in mind 把某事／某人铭记在心
You have to be home by 11 o’clock. Keep that in mind.你得十一点前回家,请记住。
25. get sb to do sth让某人做某事
get sth done 让某事被做，相当于have sth done
We’ve to get a photograph taken.我们得请人拍一张照片。
get sb/sth doing 让．．．．．．起来
The lecturer soon got us thinking.演讲者不久让我们思考起来。
You should get your friends to help you.你应当让你朋友来帮你。
1) It’s not hard to ______ the children _______;the problem is to stop them.让孩子们谈起话来不难，停止他们谈话却有问题。
2) He _____ his leg _______ while playing football.他在踢足球时弄断了腿。
26. determine vt. 下决心；作出决定；确定
如：
Can we now determine the date for our party? 我们能确定我们晚会的日期吗？
determine to do sth 决定做某事
She determined to get there first.=She was determined to get there first.
determine + that作出决定，后跟从句
Have they determined where the new hospital will be built?他们有无定了新医院在哪里建造？
He has been determined that no one should know.他已决意不让任何人知道。
过去分词determined 作定语或表语，意为“果断的；坚定的；坚决的”，
例如：
She was a very determined woman who always gets what she wants.她是个意志坚定的人，她总能得到她想得到的东西。
n. determination 决心（不可数）；决定（不可数或加不定冠词）。例如：
He came with the determination of staying a week.他决心呆一周。
The boy came to a determination to run away from school.男孩决定逃学。
His voice _____ ________, and his eyes were flashing.他的声音很坚定，他的眼睛闪闪发亮。
27. appeal vi.迎合；引起兴趣，有吸引力；要求，呼吁；求助；诉诸
appeal to（1）诉诸，求助于，启发，打动 （2）表示“投合（兴趣、心意）”
appeal to sb对某人有吸引力
appeal to sb to do sth呼吁某人做某事
appeal to sb for sth为某事向某人呼吁
1) If you don’t stop this bad action, I shall appeal to law. 如果你再不停止这种恶劣的行为，我就诉诸于法律。
2) The government is appealing to everyone to save water.政府正呼吁每个人节省水。
3) We appealed to him for help.我们向他求助。
4) Bright colours appeal to small children. 鲜艳的颜色引起小孩的兴趣。
n. 作可数名词，意为“诉诸 ；呼吁；恳求”，常与for连用； 作不可数名词，意为“引起兴趣，有吸引力；哀求”
1) He made an appeal for help.他恳求援助。
2) That sort of music hasn’t much appeal for me.那种音乐引不起我多少兴趣。
3) She asked for help with a look of appeal on her face. 她脸上带着恳求的表情要求帮助。
adj. appealing =attractive ;interesting 吸引的
Does the idea of working for a joint company _____ _______you? 你有没有兴趣到合资企业工作？
This book doesn’t ______ _______students.这本书不能投合学生口味。appeal to
She_______ one last ______ ______her father ______forgive her.她向她父亲做出最后的恳求来原谅她。
Teachers as a career _____ to many people because of the long holidays.
A. attracts B. calls C. appeal D. pull
28. gather vt. 收集；搜集；聚集
Gather your toys up.把你的玩具收起来。
gather round, and I’ll tell you a story. 大家坐过来，我给你们讲个故事。
辨析gather,collect
gather表示把分散的东西集中到一起，不仅可用于人和物，还可以用于抽象的东西，如力量、印象，如力量、印象等聚集起来，也指采花、摘果实、采蜜等。例如：It was with greatest difficulty that the boy gathered his strength to speak.那男孩费了很大劲儿用尽全部力气才说出话来。
collect则指精心地、有选择地进行收集。例如：I’m collecting data for my research.我正在为我的研究收集数据。
两者还可用作不及物动词，通常可以互换。例如：A crowd soon gathered/collected round him.不久人群聚集在他周围。
The darkness was _______, so we must ______ speed. 天快黑了，因此我们得加快速度。
The captain ______ all the soldiers before him, telling them to get ready for the fight.
A. collected B. gathered C. selected D. elected
29. concern vt.与．．．．．．有关，关系到；使担心；使操心
This matter concerns all of us. 这件事跟我们大家都有关。
She is always concerning herself about other people’s business.她老是关注别人的事。
be concerned with对．．．．．．关心；和．．．．．．有关
We are deeply concerned with the situation in the East China Sea. 对于中国东海的局势，我们表示深切关注。
I’m not concerned with the matter any longer.我不再与那件事有牵连。
This book is concerned with space flight.这本书是有关太空飞行的。
concerned adj. 意为“有关的”“关心的”“关切的”等，在句中可作表语、定语或状语。
The man concerned was her husband.有关的那个男人是她的丈夫。
形容词concerned后也可以接介词about ,over或for。例如：
We are all concerned about her safety.我们都很关心她的安全。
She was much concerned over the living conditions of the refugees.她为难民的生活条件担忧。
形容词concerned后也可以接不定式或从句。例如：
I’m concerned to know your decision.我很想知道你的决定。
He is most concerned that this problem should be solved.他很关心这个问题的解决。
as far as sb be concerned据某人而言
As far as I am concerned, it’s important to learn English well.
concerned是形容词，但concerning是介词,通常用于较正式的场合，意思是“关于．．．．．．”。例如：I wrote to the head of the company concerning a business arrangement.我就一项业务安排问题写信给该公司的经理。
1) He asked _______ _________to take an active part in the movement. 他要求所有有关人员参加这个运动。
2) Rescuers are ________ ________the two men trapped in the mine. 营救人员对困在矿里的两名男子很关心。
3) This story is __________ ________ a Russian family in the 19th century. 这个故事是关于19世纪的一个俄罗斯家庭的。
30. get sth across 被传达；被理解；使通过；把．．．．．．讲清楚
1) It took me an hour to get my intention across to her. 花了我一小时才把我的意图向她讲清楚。
2) He isn’t very good at getting his ideas across.他不擅长于表达思想。
3) Your meaning didn’t really get across.你的意思别人并未真正理解。
The teacher tried to explain the problem, but the explanation did not _____ ______ ______ the students. 老师设法去解释这个问题，但他的解释没能使班上的学生领会。
31. put sth together组织；汇集；组装
1) It’s easier to take a machine to piece than to put it together again.把一部机器弄碎比再组装在一起更容易。
2) We must try to put the radio together again.我们得设法把收音机再组装起来。
put a team together 组成一个队 put my thoughts together 整理我的思绪
32. approach n. 靠近；走近；方法；途径
vi. &vt.走近；靠近；着手(考虑)处理；(因事)找或接近某人
1) The approach of winter brings cold weather.冬天的临近使天气转冷了。
2) All approaches to the town are blocked到镇上的所有道路都堵塞了。
3) He approached the problem with caution.他开始认真考虑这个问题。
4)There is no very easy approach to maths.学习数学没有很容易的途径。
5) That, I’m afraid, was not the proper way to approach her. 恐怕那不是接近她的恰当方式。
The club has ______ _____ ________ _______ a local business firm help.俱乐部已试图向本地一家公司寻求帮助。
When is the best time to ______ my employer about increase in salary?
A. arrive at B. get to C. reach D. approach
33. depend on/upon
1） 依靠、依赖，后接名词或带有不定式的复合宾语。
All living things depend on the sun for their growth.万物生长靠太阳。
You can’t depend on others to help you.你不能依赖别人来帮助你。
2） 相信，信赖，后接名词或动名词的复合结构。
I depended on the map, but it was wrong.我相信了地图，可它是错的。
We can depend on their arriving here safely.我们可以相信他们会安全地到达这儿。
3) 没问题，请放心，后与it连用，（多用于句首或句末）。
Can I depend on it that this won’t happen again? 我能相信那样的事不会再发生吗？
4) 视．．．．．．而定，看．．．．．．（情况），后接名词或宾语从句
The price depends on the quality.价格得看质量而定。
It just depends on how the manager deals with the problem.这要看经理怎样处理这个问题。
5) 取决于，由．．．．．．决定，后接名词或宾语从句。
Our success depends on whether everyone works hard. 我们的成功取决于每个人是否努力。
6) 指望，后接带有不定式的复合宾语。
You can’t depend on him to help you.你不要指望他来帮你。
It all depends(that depends) 得看情况；这都难说
______ he can go or not ______ on his parents’ wishes.
A. Whether; depends B. If; depends C. Whether; wishes D. That; decides
Key:
1. for, used car; studies, advertisements; announced, declared, published, advertise
2. isn’t aware of; Is, aware; to be aware; A
3. to; to mine; only in colour; to driving a car; alike; the same; later the same year; the same/much alike; similar; between; to; similarities and differences
4. used to; used to; living in the city/ life in the city; live; A
6. with; B
7. arguments, persuasive
8. promote the sales; is being promoted; is promoted; to promote economy
10. C; to go
11. issue; problem; problems; questions
12. enough, to fall for
13. trick, treat, treat; not to play tricks on; out of office; into giving
14. commit a crime; are committed
15. recommend me a poem written B
16. no choice but to do what B C
17. reminded me of B
18. so fast that so much that C
19. C
20. B
21. highly pleased risen high A
22. D
23. available in not available for available to D
25. get talking got broken
26. was determined
27. appeal to appeal to made appeal to to C
28. gathering gather B
29. all concerned concerned for concerned with
30. get across to
32. made an approach to D
33.A
Teaching Objectives:
1. To enlarge students’ vocabulary。
2. To get students to learn some words and expressions related to different jobs.
3. To improve students’ speaking ability.
Teaching Important and Difficult Point:
Ss are expected to familiarize themselves with the new words and expressions.
Teaching Approaches:
Task-based approaches
Form of Activities:
Individual, pair or group work.
Teaching Aids:
The multimedia and the blackboard
Teaching Procedures:
Step 1. Lead-in
Please say some names of different jobs.
Step 2 Jobs
A: Read “Different types of jobs” on page 6 and find out the names of different types of jobs.
1. Practical jobs
2. Caring jobs
3. Analytical jobs
4. Entertainment jobs
5. Educational jobs
6. Technical and Scientific jobs
7. Jobs based on information technology
8. Public service jobs
Step 3 Game Who did the most jobs?
Do this game in class in pairs. Let’s see
who can say most of the jobs. The one
who says most of the jobs wins the game.
Example:
A: I think I did more jobs than you. I was once a chef.
B: I’m afraid you are wrong. I was once a police officer.
……
Homework:
1. Review new words and expressions in this part.
2. Preview grammar
Welcome to the unit
Teaching Aims:
1. Arrange a discussion for Ss to talk about different jobs and their choice of career in the future
2. Encourage Ss to express their own opinions in the discussion.
Try to develop their speaking ability
Teaching Important Point:
Develop students’ speaking ability.
Teaching Methods:
Discussion and free talk to involve each student in class activities.
Teaching Aids:
1. The multimedia
2. The blackboard
Teaching Procedures:
Step 1 Lead-in by pictures.
Development and the issue of what qualities are needed for these jobs.
Step 2 discussion
What jobs do you think are particularly suitable for men or women? Why?
Which job would you most like to do and least like to do? Why?
Homework:
1. Read the article in Part A on Page 98 in Workbook.
2. Preview the reading part.
Reading
So many jobs to choose from
Teaching Aims:
1. Enhance students’ reading abilities.
2. Enable Ss to adopt the strategy reading for opinion in a text
Teaching important points:
1. Help Ss gain some knowledge about how to choose suited job, improving their reading skills.
2. Help them learn some language points.
Teaching methods:
1. Improve the students’ reading comprehension.
1. Practice to get the students to master what they’ve learnt.
2. Discussion to make every student work in class.
Teaching aids:
1. the multi-media
2. the blackboard.
Teaching procedures:
Step 1. Lead- in
glamorous: guess the meaning of this word.
She has a glamorous face. It is very attractive.
Step 2 Skimming
1. What does the author discuss in the article?
2. Can you give two examples of the so-called glamorous jobs?
3. Which jobs look dull but are actually very important?
Step 3 Scanning
Para One
1. What is last year of high school a time for?
2. Choose the meaning of “reflection” in
the text.
A. light turned back
B. image in a mirror
C. careful thoughts about something, sometimes for a long period of time.
3. What are the three types of jobs the author talks about?
popular jobs
unusual jobs
everyday jobs
4. Guess the meaning of the word “options”.
A. different choices
B. jobs
C. careers
Para Two
1. When choosing a career, what is the author’s advice?
2. What do unsuccessful actors, actresses and models have to do?
3. What do successful ones have to do?
4. What is the author’s attitude towards the successful career?
Para three.
1. What are some other popular professions?
2. What are the problems with these professions?
Para four
List the unusual jobs mentioned in the paragraph.
2. What job did the man in the Grand Canyon National Park do?
3. Which sentence shows the author’s positive attitude toward these unusual jobs?
Para five
1. List the ordinary jobs in this paragraph.
2. What attitude of the author’s do the following words express?
1). many ordinary jobs may look dull, but they are as essential as water to our body.
2). These jobs may not seem very attractive, but they are all important.
3). These people, who perform such ordinary but vital tasks, allow people to go about their daily lives.
Para six
Find out the words which show the author’s positive attitude and negative attitude.
Step 4 Reading strategy: reading for opinion in a text
What attitude do the following sentences express?
Negative or positive?
1). It does not seem that glamorous now, does it?
2). These jobs may not seem very attractive, but they are all important.
3). Remember that some glamorous jobs can be rather difficult.
4). Some ordinary jobs can be quite important.
Step 5 Discussion
1. What do you think is the most interesting job in the world?
2. If you could choose to have an unusual job, what it would be and why?
3. When thinking about choosing your future job, what should you consider? Why?
Step 6 Language points
1. … more unusual jobs or everyday jobs are better suited to you.
1) suit to 使与……相适合
Eg. A good teacher suits his lessons to the age of his students.
2) be suit to 适合，适宜
Eg. Do you think David is suited to teaching?
2. In reality, these people have to …
in reality 实际上，相当于in fact
Eg. The salesman always appeared very confident, but in reality (in fact), he was a shy and nervous young man.
3. They are also under huge pressure to appear young and beautiful.
under pressure 在压力下
Eg. Jim doesn't work well under pressure.
4. … the stress and pressure that come with these jobs.
come with 伴随…与发生
5. In contrast, some people find more…
in contrast 相比之下
6. …but they are as essential as water to our society.
be essential to / be essential for
对……必不可少；对……非常重要
Eg. Money is not essential to happiness.
7. …who clear up our rubbish.
1) clear up 整理；完成；收拾
Eg. Would you clear up this room before our visitors arrive?
2) 解释；寻找答案；使明了
to clear up a misunderstanding
解除误会
3) 了结；结束；变缓和
Eg. I hope your troubles clear up soon.
我希望你的困难尽快了结。
8. These people, who perform such ordinary but vital tasks, allow people to go about their daily lives.
go about something 继续做某事
Eg. All the employees at the company are going about their business as usual despite the threat of bankruptcy.
Homework:
1. Read the passage again after class and underline the difficult and important points.
2. Write down the results of the discussion.
Teaching Aims:
1. Students are expected to learn simile and metaphor.
2. Enable students to understand and use.
Teaching Important and difficult Points:
Develop the students’ ability of using simile and metaphor.
Teaching Methods:
Explanation and exercise
Teaching Procedures:
Step1 lead-in
A simile:
My love is like a red, red rose. -Robert Burns
A metaphor
It’s raining cats and dogs.
An idiom
No news is good news.
A euphemism
Senior citizens are respected in our country.
figurative language
Step 2: Simile:
What is a simile?
A simile is a comparison of two different objects that are not usually thought to be similar.
What words are used in similes?
As and like.
How to make a simile effective?
Readers must be familiar with the objects being compared.
Analyse the following similes:
using as:
Similarly, many ordinary jobs may look dull, but they are essential as water to our sciety.
By comparing these jobs to water, the importance of these jobs is emphasized and made more obvious.
using like:
He loved camping, and his job was
like a holiday for him.
Here the job is compared to holiday to express the person really enjoys his work and finds it relaxing.
More similes for you to enjoy:
1. The day we passed together for a while seemed a bright fire on a winter's night.
2. You are like a hurricane: there's calm in your eye, but I'm getting blown away.
3. You are as blind as a bat.
4. he is as happy as a clark.
5. I’m not as timid as a rabit.
Step 3 metaphor
What is a metaphor?
Metaphor is when you use two nouns and compare or contrast them to one another. Unlike simile, you don't use “like” or “as” in the comparison.
Metaphors:
As a business person, you can’t be a mouse. You have to be a tiger.
You can’t be a timid person. You should be a brave person.
For lawyers, a courtroom is a battlefield.
A lawyer is compared to a fighter. He must fight to win cases here.
Going to work everyday became a chore for him, and he could hardly wait to find a new and exciting job.
Work is compared to a chore. This work is boring and the speaker is tired of it.
More metaphors for you to enjoy:
“I am a rainbow” is a example of metaphor because it is comparing two nouns, a person, and a rainbow, but does not use like or as.
Homework:
1. Read the points on Page 8 and finish C1 on Page 96 in Workbook.
2. Preview the Task part.
Step One: Brainstorming
With the development of science and technology, we now lead a much better life. But in the developing world, there still exists some problems.
1. What do you think are the most serious problems?
-----Hunger, disease, poverty, wars, natural disasters such as famines and floods.
2. Can you find some good ways to solve these problems?
----Providing food aid to people, teach them how to grow food, training doctors and providing cheap medicines to hospitals, training people to make a living, giving development aid if a natural disaster hits a country in the developing world.
What can we do to help them? Let’s see what this student thinks of helping developing countries.
Step Two: Reading
一Fast-reading
Read the text quickly and finish the following multiple choices.
1. Where was the charity concert Live Aid held? B
A. In Ethiopia. B. In London and Philadelphia. C. In Ireland. D. In South America.
2. Which of the following statements is true according to the text? B
A. WFP is aimed to fight worldwide Aids.
B. The Food-for-Life programme provides food aid for countries in emergency.
C. The Food-for-Growth programme targets people of all age.
D. The Food-for-Work programme helps train people for free.
3. What does the author mean by saying “Some developing countries in Africa, Asia and South America stand at a crossroads.”? C
A. These countries are developing so fast and they will surely catch up with developed countries.
B. These countries are developing so slowly that they will never catch up with developed countries.
C. These countries are currently developing but they could fall further behind developed countries at the same time.
D. These countries have fallen further behind developed countries and they would have no more chance to develop fast.
4. What might be the cause of poverty in developing countries? D
A. Poor infrastructure. B. Little education and training.
C. Natural disasters and diseases. D. All the Above.
5. What is the present situation about poverty like? D
A. The fight against poverty is over.
B. Developing countries have successfully fought against poverty.
C. Little has been done to fight poverty in the world.
D. The problem of poverty still exists and it’ s a long way to go.
二Detailed reading
（一） Read the text carefully and divide the text into several parts.
Part I (paras 1-3) Introduction to the theme
Part II (para 4) A saying which can help understand the title
Part III (paras 5~6) Effective ways to stop poverty
Part IV (para 7) Conclusion: teach a man to fish
（二） Read each part separately.
Part One
1. Answer the following questions.
1) Why was the Live Aid concert so important?
----Because it raised $100million for famine victims in Ethiopia and also raised public attention. It also put pressure on politicians to do something about the famine.
2) What has the United Nations done to fight the problem of world hunger?
----In 1963, the United Nations set up the World Food Programme aiming to reduce the problem of world hunger. A number of programmes have been organized and the WFP has helped more than one billion people around the world.
2. Summarizing
Live Aid concert---Food aid & famine relief funding ---- Individual aid
Food-for-Life food aid
WFP Food-for-Growth ----- International aid
Food-for-Work
Part Two
1. What’s the function of Paragraph 4?
A. concluding B. Linking C. supporting
2. Why is food aid alone not enough to help poor countries?
----Because the poverty still exists after the food has been eaten up.
Part Three
1. Answer the following questions.
1) What things are included in the infrastructure of a country?
----Things like transport, irrigation, electricity, postal service, telephones and schools are included.
2) What is the long-term solution to the problem of poverty?
----Development aid together with food aid.
3) Why is education and training for young people in developing countries so important?
----Because the future of developing countries lies in the hands of young people.
2. Summarizing: ___Ways to fight poverty__ used in developing countries.
Improve a country’s infrastructure. Education and training for the young people.
Part Four It is better to teach a man to fish than to give him a fish.
Step Three: Consolidation
Solutions Examples Present situations
Food aid (2)_________ a charity concert to (3)_____ money; (4) ____ up WFP to (5)_____ world hunger a lot has been done to fight poverty and great (13)___________ have been made; the fight is not (14)_____ and the two solutions need to be (15) _________
together
(1)______
aid stop poverty by fighting the (6)_______ of it; (7)________ a country’s infrastructure, which may help (8)______ job opportunities for people and allow them to become (9)____________; (10)________ and (11)_____ young people because the future of developing countries (12)____ in the hands of children.
1. Developed 2. organized 3. raise 4. set 5. fight 6. causes 7. improve 8. create 9. independent 10. educate 11. train 12. lies 13. achievements 14. over 15. combined
Step Four Finish Parts and E on page 4 and 5.
主备人 执教人 授课日期 班级
总 课 题 M9 U1 总课时 10 分课时 6 课型 新授
课 题 Grammar and usage
教学目标 1. Have ss master how to write an itinerary for a trip.
2. Practice ss’ listening
教学重点 how to infer or gather information when listening, how to write an itnerary.
教学难点 How to plan an itinerrary
教具准备 PPT Word文档
教学内容 教法与学法
一、状语从句1．时间
1. -Why didn't you tell him about the meeting? （06四川）
- He rushed out of the room _________ I could say a word.
A. before B. until C. when D. after
2. He was told that it would be at least three more months he could receover and return to work. [ 江西卷] A.when B.before C.since D.that
3. It won’t be long you regret what you said.
A. since B. when C. before D. till
4. It was midnight he came back.
A. when B. that C. until D. since
5. He was about halfway through his meal a familiar voice came to his ears. （06辽宁）
A. why B. where C. when D. while
6. I had just stepped out of the bathroom and was busily drying myself with a towel (毛巾) ________ I heard the steps. （06湖南）
A. while B. when C. since D. after
7. －I’m going to the post office.
－ you're there, can you get me some stamps?
A. AsB. While C. Because D. If
8. That was really a splendid evening. It’s years ______ I enjoyed myself so much.
A. when B. that C. before D. since
9. “You can't have this football back you promise not to kick it at my cat again,” the old man said firmly. （06广东）
A. because B. since C. when D. until
10. －Did Linda see the traffic accident?
－No, no sooner had she gone it happened.
A. than B. then C. when D. after
11. Hardly the bus stop the bus arrived.
A. we had got to; when B. had we got to; when
C. we had got to; than D. had we got to; than
12. They fell in love with each other they met.
A. for the first time B. the first time C. at the sight of D. as long as
2．地点
13. -Mom, what did the doctor say? （06四川）
-He advised me to live ______ the air is fresher.
A. in where B. in which C. the place where D. where
14. In peace，too，the Red Cross is expected to send help ________ there is human suffering. （06江西）
A. whoever B. however C．whatever D．wherever
3．条件
15. In time of serious accidents，______ we know some basic things about first aid, we can save lives. （06重庆）
A. whether B. until C. if D. unless
16. ____ he had not hurt his leg, John would have won the race. [2007 全国卷II]
A. If B. Since C. Though D. When
17. _______ environmental damage is done, it takes many years for the ecosystem (生态系统) to recover. （06江苏）
A. Even if B. If only C. While D. Once
18. ________ and I’ll get the work finished. （06重庆）
A. Have one more hour B. One more hourC. Given one more hour D. If I have one more hour
19. We all know that, __________, the situation will get worse. [2007 全国卷I]
A. not if dealt carefully with B. if not carefully dealt with
C. if dealt not carefully with D. not if carefully dealt with
20. I won’t call you, ________ something unexpected happens. [2007 全国卷I]
A. unless B. whether C. because D. while
21. _____ I know the money is safe, I shall not worry about it.
A. Even though B. Unless C. As long as D. While
4．原因
22. Parents should take seriously their children’s requests for sunglasses _________ eye (04上海)
protection is necessary in sunny weather.
A. because B. through C. unless D. if
23. everyone is here, let’s begin our meeting.
A. When B. Since C. Because of D. For
24. Jenny was very sad over the loss of the photos she had shot at Canada, this was a memory she especially treasured. (06广东)
A. as B. if C. when D. where
25. you've got a chance, you might as well make full use of it.
A. As soon as B. After C. Although D. Now that
26. he’s only just started, he knows quite a lot about it.
A. Supposing that B. Because C. Considering that D. Thinking that
5．让步
27. ______he has limited technical knowledge, the old worker has a lot of experience. （06全国）
A. Since B. Unless C. As D. Although
28. We had to wait half an hour _____ we had already booked a table. [2007 辽宁卷]
A. since B. although C. until D. before
29. My parents were quarrelling about me ____ I could not quite tell why. （06上海）
A. since B. though C. if D. until
30. Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice, ______ they knew it to be valuable. [2007 浙江卷]
A. as if B. now that C. even though D. so that
31. ________ I really don’t like art, I find his work impressive. [2007 山东卷]
A．As B．Since C．If D．While
32. _______, his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting.
A. Strange as might it sound B. As it might sound strange
C. As strange it might sound D. Strange as it might sound
33. -Dad, I've finished my assignment.
-Good, and ________ you play or watch TV, you mustn't disturb me.（03上海）
A. whenever B. whether C. whatever D. no matter
34. This is a very interesting book. I’ll buy it, __________.（06陕西）
A. how much may it cost B. no matter how it may cost
C. however much it may cost D. how may it cost
35. tomorrow, our ship will set sail for Macao. [2007 上海春]
A．However the weather is like B．However is the weather like
C．Whatever is the weather like D．Whatever the weather is like
6．比较
36. I'm moving to the countryside because the air there is much fresher than______ in the city.
A. ones B. one C. that D. those
37. A typhoon swept across this area with heavy rains and winds_____ strong as 113 miles per hour. （06上海）A. too B. very C. so D. as
38. It is reported that the United States uses _____ energy as the whole of Europe. (04全国III)
A. as twice B. twice much C. twice much as D. twice as much
39. - How is everything going on with you in Europe? (05江苏)
-Quite well. smoothly as I hoped, .
A. Not so; although B. Not as; though C. As; although D. Not; though
40. Engines are to machines ____ hearts are to animals. （06山东）
A. as B. that C. what D. which
7．方式
41. Do you are told to. A. like B. according to C. as D. in the way which
42. Eliza remembers everything exactly it happened yesterday. (06全国I)
A. as if B. even if C. even if D. if
43. He completely ignored all these facts they had never existed.
A. even if B. as though C. so that D. now that
8．目的
44. I’d like to arrive 20 minutes early _______ I can have time for a cup of tea. [05北京]
A. as soon as B. as a result C. in case D. so that
45. Roses need special care _____ they can live through winter. (04全国)
A. because B. in order that C. even if D. as
46. My parents live in a small village. They always keep candles in the house _____ there is a power out. [2007 重庆卷] A. ifB. unlessC. in case D. so that
9．结果
47. She is good at playing table－tennis that she can hit the ball she wants it to go.
A. too; where B.very; in which C. so; where D. such; in which
48. His plan was such a good one _________we all agreed to accept it. （06陕西）
A. so B. and C. that D. as
49. We got up early that morning we caught the first bus.
A. so that B. now that C. considering that D. supposing that
二、定语从句1．人
50. Women _______ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those ________ don’t. （06北京）
A. who ; 不填 B. 不填 ; who C. who ; who D. 不填; 不填
2．物
51. In an hour, we can travel to places _ would have taken our ancestors days to reach. （06上海）
A. where B. when C. which D. what
3．所属关系
52. A fire killed 45 female patients and staff (工作人员) attempts to flee(逃跑) were stopped by the metal fence blocking the escape routes.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. where
53. Look out! Don’t get too close to the house ______ roof is under repair. （06福建）
A. whose B. which C. of which D. what
4．地点
54. -Where did you get to know her? -It was on the farm _________ we worked. [2007 山东卷]
A．that B．there C．which D．where
55. After gradutation she reached a point in her career she needed to decide what to do. [2007 江西卷] A.that B.what C.which D.where
56. Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity ________ sight matters more than hearing. [2007 天津卷] A. when B. whose C. which D. where
57. Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases beginners of English fail to use the language properly. [2007 陕西卷] A.whichB. as C.why D.where
5．时间
58. There was time I hated to go to school.
A. a; that B. a; when C. the; that D. the; when
6．原因
59. That is the reason I am not in favour of revising(修订) the plan.
A. why B. that C. for which D. A, B & C
60. What surprised me was not what he said but he said it.
A. the way B. in the way that C. in the way D. the way which
7．只能用that的情况
61. The thought of going back home was kept him happy while he was working abroad．[2007 上海春] A．thatB．all thatC．all whatD．which
62. It is the most important task should be finished before dusk.
A. which B. that C. who D. what
63. This is the very pen I was looking for.
A. which B. that C. what D. where
64. We were deeply impressed by the teachers and the schools we had visited.
A. who B. whom C. which D. that
8．as
65. The Beatles, many of you are old enough to remember, came from Liverpool. （06天津）
A. what B. that C. how D. as
9.非限制性定语从句
66. Chan’s restaurant on Baker Street, ______ used to be poorly run, is now a successful business. [2007 浙江卷] A. that B. which C. who D. where
67. His movie won several awards at the film festival, ______ was beyond his wildest dream. [2007 上海卷] A. which B. that C. where D. it
68. It is in that poor village, Mary lived and worked 15 years ago, she will build her first school.
A. which; when B. which; that C. where; when D. where; that
69. Great changes have taken place in that school. It is no longer it was 20 years ago, , it was so poorly equipped. (05安徽)
A. what; when B. that; which C. what; which D. which; that
10.介词+关系代词
70. We saw several natives advancing towards our party, and one of them came up to us, _____we gave some bells and glasses. （06湖南）
A. to which B. to whom C. with whom D. with which
71. I saw a woman running toward me in the dark. Before I could recognize who she was，she had run back in the direction ________ she had come. （06重庆）
A. of which B. by which C. in which D. from which
72. Eric received training in computer for one year, __ he found a job in a big company. [2007 辽宁]
A. after that B. after which C. after it D. after this
73. The book was written in 1946, the education system has witnessed great charges.
A．when B．during which C．since then D．since when
74. Last week, only two people came to look at the house, _______ wanted to buy it. [2007 安徽卷]
A. none of them B. both of them C. none of whom D. neither of whom
75. I was given three books on cooking, the first _______ I really enjoyed. （06浙江）
A. of that B. of which C. that D. which
76. Mark was a student at this university from to , he studied very hard and was made Chairman of the Students’ Union.
A. during which time B. in that time C. during whose time D. by which time
三、名词性从句 1．主语从句
77. a plan to deal with the matter is important.
A. We should work out B. That we should work out
C. What we should work out D. Work out
78. is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger, more prosperous economy. （06浙江） A. As B. That C. This D. It
79. was of little important for me.
A. No matter if he passed the examination B. Though he passed the examination
C. Whether he passed the examination or not D. If he passed the examination
80. parents say and do has a life-long effect on their children. [2007 陕西卷]
A.That B.Which C.What D.As
2．宾语从句
81. Theses shoes look very good. I wonder . (06上海春季)
A. how much cost they are B. how much do they cost
C. how much they cost D. how much are they cost
82. These wild flowers are so special I would do I can them. (北京春季)
A. whatever; to save B. what; save
C. that; to save D. which; save
83. A modern city has been set up in was a wasteland ten years ago .
A. what B. which C. that D. where
84. The way he did it was different we were used to .
A．in which B．in what C．from what D．from which
85. I have not found my keys yet. In fact, I’m not sure I mighht have done with them.
A. where B. whether C. what D. how
86. Having checked the doors were closed , and _________ all the lights were off, the boy opened the door to his bedroom. [2007 湖南卷]
A. why B. that C. when D. where
87. -What did she want to know?
-She wondered we could complete the experiment.
A. when was it that B. it was when that C. it was when D. when it was that
3．表语从句
88. One advantage of playing the guitar is _____ it can give you a great deal of pleasure. （06上海）
A. how B. why C. that D. when
89. See the flags on top of the building? That was______ we did this morning. （06全国）
A. that B. which C. where D. what
90. It looks it is going to rain.
A. if B. as if C. even if D. if only
4．同位语从句
91. There is much chance Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race. （06天津）
A. that B. which C. until D. if
92. Nobody believed his reason for being absent from the class________ he had to meet his uncle at the air port. （06重庆）
A. why B. that C. where D. because
93. A warm thought suddenly came to me I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mother’s birthday．（06江西）
A．if B．when C．that D．which
94. - It's thirty years since we last met. （06四川）
- But I still remember the story, believe it or not, we got lost on a rainy night.
A. which B. that C. what D. when
95. We haven’t settled the question of ______ it is necessary for him to study abroad. （06江苏）
A. if B. where C. whether D. that
1.[词条] sew
[课文原句] These flags are more than just colourful pieces of cloth and thread sewn together.(Page34, Lines 1-2)
[点拨] sew在句中用作接物动词，意为“缝制，缝补”。再如：
I made this skirt just by sewing two pieces of material together.
[拓展] 动词sew还可与up连用，构成短语sew sth up或sew up sth，意为“把…缝起来”。如：
A nurse will come and sew up that wound for you soon.
2. [词条]rid
[课文原句]The French Revolution was successful in ridding society of inequality ,which had a great effect on many other countries ,particularly those in Europe.(Page 34,Lines 20-21)
[点拨] rid 在句中用作接物动词，意为“解除，免除，使摆脱”，后面常接of，构成短语rid sb/sth of sth/sb 。再如：
Our aim is to rid this government of corruption.
[拓展] (1)rid还可构成短语be rid of , 意为“免除，摆脱，去掉”。如:
I didn’t enjoy marking these papaers and I was glad to be rid of them.
（2）rid还可构成短语get rid of , 意为“除掉，卖掉，摆脱掉”。如：
I used weedkiller to get rid of the weeds in the garden.
Have you managed to get rid of your old Volvo yet?
We got rid of our unwelcome guests by saying we had to go to bed.
3.[词条] elect
[课文原句] In fact, some countries elected to subtitute their flags with tricolour flags, after the French.。(Page 34,Lines 21-22)
[点拨] elect 在句中用作接物动词，意为“选择，选定，决定”，后面常接不定式。再如：
The group elected one of its members to be their spokesperson.
[拓展] elect 还可意为“选举，选拔，推选，推举”，后面通常接复合宾语，其宾语补足语是被选举的职务。
She was elected Chair of the Board of Governors.
We elected him as our representative.
它的名词为election。如：
Local government elections will take place in May.
4.[词条]tolerate
[课文原句]As taxpayers,they felt that they could no longer tolerate not having a say in the government. (Page35,Lines 29-30)
[点拨] tolerate在句中用作接物动词，意为“容忍，忍受”。再如：
I will not tolerate that sort of behaviour in my class.
[拓展] tolerate名词为tolerance,形容词为tolerant，副词为tolerantly。如：
My tolerance of heat is considerably greater after having lived in the Far East for a couple of years.
On the continent people are more tolerant of children in public places.
I would tell my grandmother about all the crazy things I'd been doing and she would just smile tolerantly.
5.[词条]oppose
[课文原句]They desired independence ,but the British opposed this.(Page 35,Line 30)
[点拨] oppose在句中用作接物动词，意为“反对，反抗，抵抗”。再如：
Most of the local residents opposed the closing of their hospital.
[拓展] oppose的形容词为opposed，可构成短语be opposed to sth/doing sth. 名词为opposition。如：
She's opposed to religious education in schools.
The unions are in opposition to the government over the issue of privatization.
6. [词条] correspond
[课文原句]I also learnt that the same colour can correspond to different meanings in different cultures. (Page 37, Lines 3-4)
[点拨] correspond在句中用作不接物动词，意为“相符，一致，相称”。再如：His story of what happened that night didn't correspond with the witness's version.
[拓展] correspond用作不接物动词，还可意为“通信”。后面常接介词to。如：
The money I've saved corresponds roughly to the amount I need for my course.
We've corresponded with each other for years but I've never actually met him.
correspond的名词为correspondence 。如：
The survey found no correspondence between crime and unemployment rates.
7.[词条]resign
[课文原句]They refused to resign themselves to this status,so they started a revolution.(Page 37, Lines 12-13)
[点拨] resign在此句中用作接物动词，意为“听任，顺从，辞职，辞去”。再如：
She resigned her children to the care of a neighbor.
[拓展] resign用作接物动词，还可构成短语resign oneself to sth。如：
He resigned himself to living alone.
resign还可用作不接物动词，如：
After she had taken my rook, there was nothing I could really do except resign.
Resign的名词为resignation 。如：
I handed in my resignation this morning.
8. [词条] march
[课文原句]They cheer and wave flags as the Queen and her soldiers march by.(Page 41,Lines 17-18)
[点拨] march在此句中用作不接物动词，意为“行军，行进”。再如：
The soldiers marched 90 miles in three days.
[拓展] march还可用作接物动词，意为“使同行”。如：
Without saying a word, she took hold of my arm and marched me off to the headmaster's office.
march还可用作名词，意为“行军，行进，示威游行”。如：
It is impossible to stop the forward march of progress/time.
9. [词条]calm
[课文原句] A purple face shows a just and calm character. (Page 43,Line23)
[点拨] calm在句中用做形容词，意为“沉着的，冷静的”。又如：
It is important to keep calm in an emergency.
[拓展] calm用作形容词，还可意为“静的，平静的”。如：
After a night of fighting, the streets are now calm.
calm还可用作动词，意为“平静下来,镇静”。 可构成短语calm (sb) down 。如：
He tried to calm the screaming baby by rocking it back and forth.
She sat down and took a few deep breaths to calm herself down.
calm还可用作名词，意为“平静”。如：
It was the calm of the countryside that he loved so much.
10. [词条]suit
[课文原句]Roses are red, violets are blue,but which of the two really suits you ?（Page 46,title ）
[点拨] suit在句中用作动词，表示“适合”。又如：
[考点链接]--- How about eight o’clock outside the cinema?
--- That ______ me fine.（全国Ⅱ，26）
A. fits B.meets C. satisfies D.suits
suit me fine 对我很适合，fine在此句中是副词，相当于very well.fit作”适合”讲时，后面直接跟宾语;satisfy使……满意。正确答案为D。
[拓展] suit用作动词，还可表示“相配”。
Short skirts don't really suit me - I haven't got the legs for them.
suit还可用作名词，表示“西服”。如：
He is wearing a black suit which attracts tha attention of many girls.
11. [词条]make up
[课文原句]At that time, there were thirteen states, which is far fewer than the fifty that make up today’s USA. (Page34, Lines 26-27)
[点拨] make up在句中表示“组成”。又如：
Eleven football players make up a football team.
[拓展] make sth up还可表示“编造，收拾，凑足，化装，组成，和解，弥补，补充”。如：
[考点链接] Everybody in the village likes Jack because he is good at telling and _______ his notes. ( 江苏23)
A.turning up B.putting up C.making up D.showing up
make up 意为“编造”， 根据上下文的意思可以判断出Jack善于讲和编笑话。turn up发现，找到; put up建立;露面，露出.答案为C。
Could you make up a list of all the things that need to be done?
I have 20 000 and I need 25 000 but my parents have promised to make up the difference.
We're hoping to make up time on the return journey by not stopping at night.
She takes ages to make up in the mornings.
Road accident victims make up almost a quarter of the hospital's patients.
We often quarrel but we always make it up soon after.
12. [词条] date back to
[课文原句]The flag,which could not be further simplified, is a red band over a white one, and is based on a national flag dating back to the 13th century that had nine red and white stripes.(Page 35, Lines 44-46)
[点拨] date back to表示“追溯到…，始于…”。又如：
Their friendship dates back to the time that they were children.
[拓展] date back to通常用一般现在时,只能用于主动语态。还可以换成date from 。如：
The old temple dates back to /from the Tang Dynasty.
13.[词条]have a link
[课文原句]Another suggestion is that the colours have a link with food. (page 35,Line49)
[点拨] have a link表示“与…有联系”。又如：
Research has showed that liver trouble has a link with drinking.
[拓展] have a link还可用there be a link来表示。如：
There's a direct link between diet and heart disease.
表示“与…有联系”还可用be linked to，be related to,be associated with ,be connected with来表示。如：
The explosions are not thought to be linked to the organization in any way.
14.[词条]have a say [课文原句] As taxpayers,they felt that they could no longer tolerate not having a say in the government. (Page35,Lines 29-30)
[点拨] have a say表示“对…有发言权”。再如：
When he's 18, he'll begin to have a say in the running of the family business.
[拓展] have a say 还可表示have some/one’s/no/little say 。如：
The staff had little/no say in the restructuring of the company.
15.[词条] relate to
[课文原句]However, some people say the colours relate to food because Indonesians eat a lot of rice, which is white,and a tasty kind of sugar that is red. (Page 37,Lines 17-19)
[点拨] relate to sb/sth表示“与…有联系，与…有关联”。又如：
The speech he gave related to the development of Chinese acupuncture.
[拓展] relate to 还可表示“理解”。如：
Many parents find it hard to relate to their children when they are teenagers.
16.[词条] take place
[课文原句]It takes place on Horse Guards Parade , the entrance to the Royal Palace.（Page41,Lines 2-3）
[点拨] take place表示“发生”，不能用于被动语态。又如：
An accident take place at this cross three years ago.
[拓展] occur,happen,take place 三者都表示“发生”，都是不及物动词。happen指“偶然发生”时，主语为“事”；当主语是“人”时，意为“碰巧”。occur 指“发生”时可与 happen 换用，但后接to sb．／sth．时，两者含义不同：happen to sb．／sth． 指不好的事情发生在某人（物）身上；occur to sb．／sth． 指“某种思想等呈现于某人的知觉中”。take place 表示“发生”，可与 happen 或occur换用，但其后面一般不接 to sb．／sth．结构；指必然会发生的或计划发生的事情时，多用 take place；此外take place 还可表示“举行某种活动”。如：
He happened to know the place．
When did the earthquake occur／happen？
Didn’t it occur to you to phone them about it？
Has anything happened to him﹖
In 1919, the May 4th Movement took place in China．
1．He______ from the company in order to take a more challenging job.
A.came B. resigned C.graduated D.retired
2．His contribution was of little or no practical _______.
A.wish B. profit C. value D. hope
3．Vitamins should not be used as a(an) ______ for a healthy diet.
A. substitute B. alternative C.imitation D. representation
4．I tried to ___________ in my speech how grateful we all were for his help.
A. convey B.communicate C.contact D.correspond
5．Five hundred troops were sent in, more as a ______ gesture than as a real threat.
A.real B.ideal C.facial D. symbolic
6．We asked a ______ selection of people what they thought.
A.arbitrarily B. random C.ordered D.systematic
7．She was hit on the head by a stone and knocked ______.
A.down B. unconscious C.at D.conscious
8．English is compulsory for all students, but art and music are __________.
A.required B. optional C.included D.obtained
9．His finger was cut off when he caught it in a machine, but the surgeon was able to_____ it back on.
A. sew B.cure C.treat D.operate
10．She______ to take early retirement instead of moving to the new location.
A.accepted B.admitted C.concluded D. elected
11．It seems these ants can_____ temperatures which would kill other species.
A.take B. tolerate C.receive D.suffer
12．In America __________the college senior class gives a ball each spring.
A. occasionally B. completely C. traditionally D. normally
13．The culture that he describes is so different from mine that I sometimes find it hard to__________.
A. relate to B. subscribe to C.indicate to D. declare to
14．Researches have concluded that smoking _________ with heart disease.
A.has an attachment B.has an association C. has a link D.has a contact
15．You'll have to______ the work you've missed while you were away.
A.take up B. make up C.turn up D.pick up
16．We could go now or this afternoon - whatever time_____ you best.
A.matches B.meets C.fits D. suits
17．Does the common man ______ the ideas of political union between European countries?
A.object B. oppose C.be for D. be against
18．She was angry at first but we managed to _____ her ____.
A. calm; down B.calm; up C.slow ;down D.slow; up
19．She_______ into my office demanding to know why I hadn't written my report.
A.drilled B. marched C. ranged D. progressed
20．I______ with several experts in the field for many years.
A. corresponding B. correspond
C. have been corresponding D. corresponds
1-5 BCAAD 6-10BBBAD 11-15BCACB 16-20DBABC
1. gesture 姿态， 手势； 举止； 态度， 观点
make a ~ of despair作出绝望的样子
The government made a ~ towards public opinion.顺应民意做出----姿态
speak by ~ 以手势表达
They made a rude ~ at the driver of the other car.
友好的表示It is a nice ~ to invite his wife too.
They sent flowers as a ~ of sympathy to the parents of the child
I gave her some flowers as a gesture of apology 我送花表示我的歉意
Communicate with sb by ~
It’s a nice ~ to invite them as well as the child.态度， 意图， 表示
Vt. ~ to/for sb to do sth
She ~d for them to come in.
What is the altitude of the village?
It’s difficult to breathes at these ~ s.
2. friction
There is a great deal of ~ between the management and the work force.
Conflicts and ~s to be solved
3. restore 把---拿回原处， 恢复原状， 复兴， 使（失去的习惯等）复旧； 修复， 使复原
~ sb to sth; ~ sth to sb, 使---恢复到（原先的状况， 地位等）
~ my health; ~ me to health
The company restored him to his former job.公司恢复他原来的工作
~ sth: ~ my beauty, sight, confidence 恢复---姿色， 视力， 信心
Her job is ~ing old paintings
The police restored order. 恢复秩序 ~ a temple
restoration 恢复， 还原 the ~ of peace 恢复和平one’s ~ to health 对---的恢复
复职， 复位 the ~ to his job
4. appoint vt (1) 挑……做某工作或任某职位，任命，委派
～ sb (to sth)/ (as) sth/ to do sth
～ Tom to the vacant post/ (as) Chairman 委派汤姆填补那空缺/ 做主席
(2) ～ sth (for sth) 确定…… ～ a date for a meeting
appointment 约会，约定
5. bother : (1) vt ① ～sb about/ with sth 打扰、烦扰；给……添麻烦
I’m sorry to ～ you, but could you tell me the way to the station?
Does the smoking ～ you? 我抽烟影响你吗？
Don’t ～ your father (about it) now; he’s very tired now.
② 使……不安 the problem has been ～ing me for weeks.
(2) vi.① (为做某事) 费功夫,添麻烦
He didn’t even ～ to say thank you. 他甚至连说声谢谢都不肯。
② 关心 ～ about sth/ sb
(3) n ① [U] 麻烦，不便 ②[C] a ～ 恼人的事物
6. divorce n (1)离婚，离异 ask for a ～ 申请离婚 get/ obtain a ～ 获准离婚
(2)[C] 分离，断绝关系
vt (1)与……离婚 (2) (尤用被动) 使……与……分开 divorce sb/sth from sth
7. mercy
at the ~ of任由---的摆布，The boat was at the ~ of the rapid river. 那条河任由湍急的河流摆布
without ~ 毫不留情地， 残忍地
have/take (no) ~ on对---（不）同情He had/took little ~ on the prisoner.
show ~ to 对---表示怜悯He showed little ~ to the prisoner.他对囚犯毫不宽容
throw oneself on sb’s ~ 请求某人的宽恕
They had no ~ on their prisoners.他们对囚犯毫无怜悯之意
The blacks used to be treated without ~.黑人以前遭到残忍的虐待
She is a kind girl and she often shows ~ on the poor.
a mercy （口语）恩惠， 幸运It’s a mercy that we have met you here.
8. court (1) [C,U] 法庭，法院 take sb to court 起诉，控告某人
go to court（over sth）起诉，打官司
(2) 宫廷，朝廷（常用Court）
the court宫廷上下
The court moves to the country in the summer. 夏天王室上下都移居到乡下去。
9. prison (1) [C] 监狱，看守所
(2) [U] 被监禁；服刑，坐牢
go to prison 入狱 be in prison 在狱中 send sb to prison 判…刑
come out of prison 出狱 escape from prison 越狱
Does prison do anything to prevent crime?采用关押方法对制止犯罪有用吗？
10. charge (1) vt charge sb with sth 以……控告某人 He was charged with murder.
(2) vi/vt charge (sb/sth ) for sth ; charge (sb) sth (for sth) 要价
How much do you charge (me) for mending shoes?
(3) vt 给……充电 charge a battery 给蓄电池充电
n. in charge of sth 控制，支配…… take charge (of sth) 控制……，承担…责任
11. withdraw: vt. 撤回, 取回, 撤消, 使撤退, 拉开, 移开 vi. 撤退, 离开
变化形式： withdrew 、withdrawn, 、withdrawing、withdraws
withdrew her application; withdrew his son from the race. 收回她的申请；不让他儿子参加赛跑
withdrew the accusation. 撤回控诉
to withdraw a remark收回一句话
withdraw a boy from school把孩子从学校领回
withdraw one's eyes from把视线从...移开(不再看...)
withdraw a bill [demand, offer] 撤消议案[要求、建议]
withdraw a remark收回发言
withdrew from the competition. 从竞争中退出
to withdraw $500 from a bank account从银行提取500美元
After dinner the ladies withdrew. 饭后妇女们退出
He withdrew from the race. 他退出比赛
The army withdrew. 军队撤退了
withdraw one's hand from the hot stove把手从热火炉旁缩回
withdraw troops from a place从某地撤军
12. accommodation: n. 1. 适应;调节[U] 2. 调和;和解[U][C] 3. 乐于助人[U]
4 . 方便;方便设施[U][C] 5. 住处;膳宿[P1][U]
6. 【美】(舟、车等处的)预订铺位(或座位)[P]
7. 眼调节[U] 8. 【美】贷款 9. 融通票据的签发
13. enlarge: vt. 1. 扩大;扩展 2. 放大(照片) 3. 【美】释放
vi. 1. 扩大 2. 详述[(+on/upon)]
enlarge one’s views by reading 以读书来增长见识
～ the playground / photo 扩大操场 / 放大照片
～ one’s experience 扩大经验
14. sponsor: n. [C] 1. 发起者;主办者;倡议者
I asked my uncle to stand ～ for me. 我请求叔父做我的保证
2. 保证人
3. (广播、电视节目的)赞助者 4. 教父,教母
vt. 1. 发起;主办;倡议 2. 为...做保证人 3. 资助,赞助
15. insurance 保险（契约）；保险业；保险费
insurance against sth 保险措施；(预防损失，失败等的)安全保障
People without insurance had to pay for their own repairs. 未投保者需自付修理费。
an insurance against theft/ fire 盗窃保险；火险
insure vt. insurance sb against sth
insurance oneself/ one’s life for 50,000 yuan 为自己投5万元的人寿保险
16. avenue 大道，林荫道；大街；途径，手段 an avenue to success/fame 成功之路，成名之路
Several avenues are open to us. 我们前面有几条可行之路。
We have explored every avenue. 我们已经探索过了各种途径。
17. focal ：adj 在焦点上的，焦点的 focal point 重点
Reducing unemployment is the focal point of the government’s plans.
减少失业人数时政府工作计划的重点。
focus ~es (pl) （光，声等的中心，源）；焦点，焦距；活动的中心，使人感兴趣的所在
the focus of an earthquake 震源
Her beauty makes her the focus of attention. 她长得漂亮，惹人注目。
be out of focus 模糊，不清楚或不在焦点上
be in focus bring sth/ come into focus 使某物清晰，明确
vt. focus sth on sth focus your mind on the following problem 把思维集中到如下的题目
vi. focus on sth I’m so tired that I can’t focus on anything today. 我太疲劳，精神集中不起来。
18. impressiveness n.【 u】气势宏伟
impressive 给人印象深刻的 an impressive building/ ceremony 令人难忘的仪式，建筑
impressively His collection of paintings is most impressive. 他的绘画收藏令人叹为观止。
impression 印象 impressionism 印象派，印象主义
impress
19. decoration 装饰，装璜；（复数）装饰品 festival ~s 节日的装饰物 勋章，奖章
decorate vt. 装饰，装璜 ；授勋章给。。。vi. 装饰，布置
The hall is decorated with red flags. 礼堂里挂着红旗。
decorator 室内装饰家；制景人员 adj. 适于室内装饰的 a decorator fabric
20. inspect: vt. 1. 检查;审查 2. 检阅;视察
vi. 进行检查;进行视察
21. mark: n. 1. 痕迹;污点;瘢疤[C]
The scandal left a mark on his reputation. 那件丑事玷污了他的名声。
2. 记号;符号;标记[C]
You can see in him the marks of an educated man. 从他身上你可以看到受过教育的人的特点。
3. 【英】分数;成绩[C] 4. 靶子;目标[C] 5. 标准,常态[the S]
6. (常大写)(与数字连用表示武器等的)...型,...式[C] a Mark 4 gun 四式枪
7. (代替签名的)十字押[C] 8. 著名,卓越[U] 9. 影响[C] 10. (田径赛)起跑线[C]
vt. 1. 做记号于;留痕迹于;标明
The box of eggs was marked “With Care”. 这个鸡蛋盒标上了“小心”字样。
2. 标志;表示...的特征 3. 记下,录下 4. 给(试卷等)打分数
The teacher marked the examination papers. 教师给试卷打了分数。
5. 注意,留心[+wh-]
Mark carefully how the job is done. 好好注意这活儿是怎样做的。
6. 明显表示,表明
7. 【英】(球赛中)盯(人)
vi. 1. 留下痕迹(或伤痕),弄污 2. 作记号(或符号) 3. 注意
n. (德国的货币单位) 马克[C]
22. exposure: n. 1. 暴露;暴晒[U][(+to)]
2. 揭露,揭发[U][C][(+of)]
3. (商品等的)陈列[U]
4. 曝光;曝光时间;(照相)软片[C][U]
5. (住家等的)朝向,方位[C][U]
23. raise: vt. 1. 举起,抬起
He raised his glass and said: “Your health, Carl.” 他举起了杯子说道:“祝你健康,卡尔。”
2. 增加;提高;提升[(+to)]
The landlord raised my rent. 房东提高了我的租金。
3. 筹(款);招(兵);集结
They are going to raise funds for the school buildings. 他们将为盖校舍筹集资金。
4. 养育;种植;饲养 5. 提出;发出 6. 引起;唤起;扬起 7. 竖起;建起
8. 撤除(包围,封锁等),解(禁) 9. 使复活;使(鬼魂)出现
10. 给(赌注)加码,提高(赌注) 11. (用无线电)和...取得联系
n. 1. 【美】加薪;加薪额[C]
I am going to ask the boss for a raise. 我要找老板要求加薪。
2. 提高,举,升 3. 高处;拱高路段 4. 【牌】赌注加码,加叫
变化形式： 动变: raised; raised; raising 名复: raises
辨析：raise; keep; support; feed
这四个词都有“抚养”、“养家”、“赡养”的意思，但也有区别。
raise意为“抚养（指人）；饲养（指动物或禽畜）”之意。如：
He raised the children himself；his wife died years ago．
他的妻子多年以前就去世了，他一手把孩子拉扯大。
He raised those goats from new-born kids．那些羊从小羊羔时就是他喂养的。
keep表示“养活（指人）；饲养（指动物或禽畜）”。如：
John has his wife and six children to keep（support）．约翰要养活妻子和六个孩子。
They kept some hens and pigs．他们养了一些鸡和猪。
support意为“养活”，不用于饲养动物。如：
She supports her old mother．她赡养老母亲。
He has a large family to support．他要养活一大家子。
feed意为“喂熝牐凰茄；以……为食”。如：
Have you fed the baby／cow yet？婴儿／牛喂了吗？
She fed meat to her dog. ＝She fed her dog with／on meat．她用肉喂狗。
Foxes feed on small animals．狐狸以小动物为食。
24. treasure：n. 1. 金银财宝,财富[U]
It is said that the pirates buried their treasure on this island.据说海盗把他们的金银财宝埋藏在这个岛上。
2. 贵重物品[C] 3. 【口】不可多得的人才[C]
My secretary's a real treasure. 我的秘书是个难得的人才。
4. 【口】(用以称呼孩子或姑娘)宝贝[C]
vt. 1. 珍爱,珍视
We treasure our friendship. 我们珍惜我们之间的友谊。
2. 储存;珍藏 3. 铭记[(+up)]
I treasure up my father's dying words. 我铭记父亲的遗言。
名复: treasures 动变: treasured; treasured; treasuring
Step One: Brainstorming
With the development of science and technology, we now lead a much better life. But in the developing world, there still exists some problems.
1. What do you think are the most serious problems?
____________________________________________________________________________
2. Can you find some good ways to solve these problems?
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
What can we do to help them? Let’s see what this student thinks of helping developing countries.
Step Two: Reading
一Fast-reading
Read the text quickly and finish the following multiple choices.
1. Where was the charity concert Live Aid held?
A. In Ethiopia. B. In London and Philadelphia. C. In Ireland. D. In South America.
2. Which of the following statements is true according to the text?
A. WFP is aimed to fight worldwide Aids.
B. The Food-for-Life programme provides food aid for countries in emergency.
C. The Food-for-Growth programme targets people of all age.
D. The Food-for-Work programme helps train people for free.
3. What does the author mean by saying “Some developing countries in Africa, Asia and South America stand at a crossroads.”?
A. These countries are developing so fast and they will surely catch up with developed countries.
B. These countries are developing so slowly that they will never catch up with developed countries.
C. These countries are currently developing but they could fall further behind developed countries at the same time.
D. These countries have fallen further behind developed countries and they would have no more chance to develop fast.
4. What might be the cause of poverty in developing countries?
A. Poor infrastructure. B. Little education and training.
C. Natural disasters and diseases. D. All the Above.
5. What is the present situation about poverty like?
A. The fight against poverty is over.
B. Developing countries have successfully fought against poverty.
C. Little has been done to fight poverty in the world.
D. The problem of poverty still exists and it’ s a long way to go.
二Detailed reading
（一） Read the text carefully and divide the text into several parts.
Part I (paras ________) _____________ to the theme
Part II (para ________) A ___________ which can help understand the title
Part III (paras_______) Effective ways to stop __________
Part IV (para _______) Conclusion: ____________a man to fish
（二） Read each part separately.
Part One
1. Answer the following questions.
1) Why was the Live Aid concert so important?
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2) What has the United Nations done to fight the problem of world hunger?
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2. Summarizing
Live Aid concert---Food aid & famine relief funding ---- Individual aid
Food-for-Life food aid
WFP Food-for-______ ----- ___________ aid
_____-for-Work
Part Two
1. What’s the function of Paragraph 4?
A. concluding B. Linking C. supporting
2. Why is food aid alone not enough to help poor countries?
________________________________________________________________________________
Part Three
1. Answer the following questions.
1) What things are included in the infrastructure of a country?
____________________________________________________________________________
2) What is the long-term solution to the problem of poverty?
________________________________________________________________________
3) Why is education and training for young people in developing countries so important?
_______________________________________________________________________________
2. Summarizing: _________fight _______ used in developing countries.
_______________________________ Education and _______________for the young people.
Part Four It is better to _________ a man to fish than to __________ him a fish.
Step Three: Consolidation
Solutions Examples Present situations
Food aid (2)_________ a charity concert to (3)_____ money; (4) ____ up WFP to (5)_____ world hunger a lot has been done to fight poverty and great (13)___________ have been made; the fight is not (14)_____ and the two solutions need to be (15) _________
together
(1)______
aid stop poverty by fighting the (6)_______ of it; (7)________ a country’s infrastructure, which may help (8)______ job opportunities for people and allow them to become (9)____________; (10)________ and (11)_____ young people because the future of developing countries (12)____ in the hands of children.
Step Four Finish Parts and E on page 4 and 5.
★ 上海牛津版七年级上unit3核心词汇 备课资料(沪教牛津版英语七年级)
★ Unit 4 The four seasons(沪教牛津版英语七年级)
