高考英语二轮语法专讲教案 第9讲 助动词

以下是小编帮大家整理的高考英语二轮语法专讲教案 第9讲 助动词（共含19篇），仅供参考，希望能够帮助到大家。同时，但愿您也能像本文投稿人“xiemulin5”一样，积极向本站投稿分享好文章。

篇1：高考英语二轮语法专讲教案 第9讲 助动词

高考英语二轮语法专讲精品教案 第9讲 助动词

高考英语二轮语法专讲精品教案 第9讲助动词 来源：中学学科网   一．助动词的定义 在英语中，助动词本身是没有词义的，它主要帮助构成谓语，表示时态，语态，语气或构成否定形式，疑问形式。请注意，助动词在句子中必须同主语的人称和数保持一致。 例：1）He is reading the newspaper. (时态)  他正在看报纸。 2）Tom was punished by his teacher.(语态) 3）Do be quiet，please. (语气) 4）She does not speak English.(否定) 5）Did you read this book ? (疑问) 二．助动词的种类 五个助动词（be，have，do，shall，will） 原形 现在时 过去时 过去分词 be is, am, are was, were been have have, has had had do do, does did done ― shall should ― ― will Would ― A→be动词的.用法 形 式 用  法 be+现在分词 表示进行时态 be+过去分词 表示被动语态 be+不定式（to+动词原形） 表示约定，义务，希望，可能   例：1) We are to meet at the school at noon.(约定) 2）You are to obey your parents.（义务） 说明：am,is,are,was,were,have, has, had, do, does, did即可作助动词有可作实义动词。 例：1）She does not speak English.(助动词) 2）She does her look carefully. (实义动词)   B→have的用法 形式 用法 have+过去分词 表示现在完成时（主动语态） have+been+过去分词 表示现在完成时（被动语态） have+been+现在分词 表示现在完成进行时 Have +to+动词原形 作情态动词，表“必须”（=must） 例：I have to work hard during this vacation. C→Shall/will的用法 形式 用法 Shall/will+动词原形 表示过去将来时或虚拟语气 Should/would+动词原形 D→do的用法 助动词do只有三个形式：do，does，did a. 构成疑问句和否定句 疑问句：Do（does/did）+主语+动词原形+……？ 否定句：主语+do（does/did）+not+动词原形+…… b. 用在动词原形之前，加强语气，此时助动词只有两个形式：do，did 例：1）He did answer in this way. 2) I do believe you can do it well. c.代替前面刚提到的动词以避免重复 例：1）I like English and so does he. 2) He doesn’t watch TV everyday and nor/neither do I. 3) He works hard but his son doesn’t. d.用于倒装句，特别强调never，rarely，seldom，so等副词。 例：Never did I see such an animal. =I never saw such an animal.

篇2：高考英语二轮语法专讲教案 第3讲：定语从句

高考英语二轮语法专讲精品教案 第3讲：定语从句

高考英语二轮语法专讲精品教案 第3讲：定语从句  来源：中学学科网      用来说明主句中某一名词或代词（有时也可说明整个主句或主句中一部分）而起定语作用的句子叫作定语从句。 一．词引导的定语从句 1. 关系代词用来指代先行词是人或物的名词或代词 例1：This is the detective who came from London. 例2：The book which I am reading is written by Tomas Hardy. 例3：The desk whose leg is broken is very old. 例4：This is the room that Shakespeare was born in. 2．关系代词的用法 (1) 如果先行词是all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, none等不定代词，关系代词一般只用that，不用which。例如： All the people that are present burst into tears. (2) 如果先等词被形容词最高级以及first, last, any, only, few, mush, no, some, very等词修饰，关系代词常用that,不用which, who，或whom。例如： (3) 非限制性定语从句中，不能用关系代词that,作宾语用的关系代词也不能省略。例如： There are about seven million people taking part in the election, most of whom、are well educated. (4) which还有一种特殊用法，它可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念。在这种从句中，which可以作主语，也可以作宾语或表语，多数情况下意思是与and this 相似，并可以指人。例如： He succeeded in the competition, which made his parents very happy. (5) that可指人或物，在从句中作表语，（指人作主语时多用who）仅用于限制性定语从句中。 (6) which可作表语，既可指人，以可指物。指人时，一般指从事某种职业或是有种特征．品性或才能的人。Which引导的定语从句可以限制性的，也可以是非限制性的。 (7) 如果作先作词的集体名词着眼于集体的整体，关系代词用which;若是指集体中的各个成员，则用who。 (8) 先行词有两个，一个指人，一个指物，关系代词应该用that。例如： The boy and the dog that are in the picture are very lovely. (9) 如果先行词是anyone, anybody, everyone, everybody, someone, somebody,关系代词应该用 who 或whom，不用 which。例如： Is there anyone here who will go with you? 3．“介词＋关系代词“是一个普遍使用的结构 (1) “介词＋关系代词“可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。“介词＋关系代词“结构中的介词可以是 in, on, about, from, for, with, to at, of, without 等，关系代词只可用whom或 which,不可用 that 。 (2) from where为“介词＋关系副词“结构，但也可以引导定语从句。例如： We stood at the top of the hill, from where we can see the town.. (3) 像listen to, look at, depend on, pay attention to, take care of等固定短语动词，在定语从句中一般不宜将介词与动词分开。例如： This is the boy whom she has taken care of. 二．关系副词引导的定语从句 1．关系副词也可以引导定语从句 关系副词在从句中分别表示时间．地点或原因。关系副词when在从句中充当时间状语，where 充当地点状语，why充当原因状语。 2. that可引导定语从句表示时间．地点或原因 That有时可以代替关系副词 when, where 或者why引导定语从句表示时间．地点或原因，在 that引导的这种定语从句中，that也可以省去。 三．限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句 1．二者差异比较 限制定语从句紧跟先行词，同先行词这间一般不加逗号，仅修饰先行词，可以由关系代词．关系副词或that来引导。非限制性定语从句仅作补充或说明，用逗号与主句隔开，既可修饰先行词，又可修饰整个主句，不可用that引导。 2．关系代词和关系副词的选择依据 (1) 弄清代替先行词的关系词在从句中作什么成分,作状语的应选用关系副词，作主语．宾语或表语的可选用关系代词。 3. 先行词与定语从句隔离 定语从句一般紧跟在先行词之后，但定语从句与先行词之间有时也会插入别的成分，构成先行词与定语从句的隔离。例如： 1) This is the article written by him that Is poke to you about.. 2) He was the only person in this country who was invited 四．As在定语从句中的用法 1. 引导限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 （1）as多与such 或the same连用，可以代替先行词是人或物的名词。 （2）as 也可单独使用，引导非限制性定语从句，作用相当于which。例如： The elephant’s nose is like a snake, as anybody can see. （3）the same… that与 the same …as在意思上是不同的。 2．As引导的非限制性定语从句的位置 as引导的非限制性定语从句位置较灵活，可以位于主句前面．中间或后面，一般用逗号与主句隔开，但which所引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。例如： (1) As is expected, the England team won the football match. (2) The earth runs around the sun, as is known by everyone. 五．学习定语从句的几个问题   定语从句又称为关系从句，是最常见的从句之一，每年高考题对之均有考查。 (一)、定语从句中关系代词与先行词的一致性 定语从句中关系代词一般应与它所指代的先行词的单复数保持主谓一致。例如： The students who were here just now are from No,2 Senior Middle School. 但注意下列一组句子： He is the only one of the students who was here just now. He is one of the students who were here just now. 如果one of +复数名词后跟有定语从句，一般情况下one of后的复数名词为先行词，但当one前有the only,the very,just the修饰时，先行词则为one。 (二)、定语从句与强调结构 It is the place where they lived before. It is in the place that they lived before. 第一个句子为定语从句，where指代the place,在定语从句中作状语，第二个句子为强调结构，强调in the place,that没有意义，把in the place 放回后面句子，句子意思完整。 Where is it that he found the lost watch?(强调句型，强调疑问副词where)。 Where is the watch that he found yesterday.(定语从句，that指代the watch) (三)、定语从句与并列结构 He has two sons,neither of whom looks like him. He has two sons,and neither of them looks like him. Ive got two sisters.Both of them are in Shanghai. 第一个句子为定语从句，关系代词whom指代two sons,在定语从名中介词of的宾语。第二个句子为并列结构，由并列连词and连接，人称代词them指代two sons。第三个为两个独立的句子，两个句子中间用句号，两句开头的处一个字母都大写。 (四)、定语从句与状语从句 He found the books where he had put. He found the books in the place where he had put. 第一个句子为状语从句，where he had put 作主句He found the books 的地点状语。第二个句子为定语从句，where引导从句修饰the place。 This is such an interesting book that Idlike to read it. This is such an interesting book as Id like to read. 第一个句子为结果状语从句，在结果状语从句中，it指代book,作read的宾语。第二个句子为定语从句，关系代词as指代先行词book的'定语从句中read的宾语。 (五)、定语从句中的先行词 Is this book the one that you bought yesterday? Is this the book that you bought yesterday? 第一个句子中，this book是主句的主语，the one 是先行词。在第二个句子中this是主句的主语，the book是先行词。一定要避免出现：Is this book that you bought yesterday? (六)、定语从句与同位语从句 定语从句相当于形容词，它对先行词起修饰、描述或限制作用，而同位语从句则相当于名词，它对其前面的词给予说明或作进一步解释，即说明该词所表示的具体内容。例如： The news that we heard is not true.(定语从句) The news that he won the prize is not true.(同位语从句) 另：在have no idea+从句结构中，其从句都作idea的同位语。例如： I have no idea when she will be back. 六、定语从句易犯小错误 由于定语从句的结构和用法比较复杂，初学者在使用时往往容易犯一些错误，最常见的有如下七种： (一)、在定语从句中加了多余的定语。如： 1．误：Some of the boys I invited them didn’t come． 正：Some of the boys I invited didn’t come． 译：我邀请的男孩中有几个没有来。 析：应删去them，因为从句的宾语是省略了的whom，who或that。 2．误：The book that you need it is in the library． 正：The book that you need is in the library． 译：你需要的书在图书馆里。 析：应删去it，因为从句的宾语是关系代词that。 (二)、把定语从句谓语动词的单、复数弄错。如： 1．误：Anyone who break the law will be punished． 正：Anyone who breaks the law will be punished． 译：任何违犯法律的人将被处罚。 析：应改break为breaks，因为who指anyone，是单数。 2．误：Those who has finished may go home． 正：Those who have finished may go home． 译：做完了的人现在可以回家。 析：应改has为have，因为who指those，是复数。 3．误：He is the only one of the teachers who know French in our school． 正：He is the only one of the teachers who knows French in our school． 译：他是我们学校中唯一懂法语的人。 析：应改k

篇3：高考英语二轮语法专讲教案 第2讲 情态动词

高考英语二轮语法专讲精品教案 第2讲 情态动词

高考英语二轮语法专讲精品教案 第2讲 情态动词 来源：中学学科网   一.情态动词的定义 情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义，表示说话人的情绪、态度或语气的动词，但不能单独作谓语，只能和其他动词原形构成谓语。   We can be there on time tomorrow. 我们明天能按时去那儿。   May I have your name? 我能知道你的名字吗？   Shall we begin now? 我们现在就开始吗？   You must obey the school rules. 你必须遵守校规。   情态动词数量不多，但用途广泛，主要有下列： can (could), may (might), must, need, ought to, dare (dared), shall (should), will (would) . 二.情态动词的位置 情态动词在句中放在谓语动词之前，谓语动词前若有助动词，则在助动词之前，疑问句中，情态动词放在主语之前。   I can see you. Come here.  我能看见你，过来吧。   He must have been away.  他一定走了。   What can I do for you?  你要什么？   How dare you treat us like that!  你怎么敢那样对待我们! 三.情态动词的特点 情态动词无人称和数的变化，情态动词后面跟的动词需用原形，否定式构成是在情态动词后面加“not”。个别情态动词有现在式和过去式两种形式，过去式可以用来表达更加客气、委婉的语气，时态性不强，可用于过去，现在或将来。   He could be here soon.  他很快就来。   We cant carry the heavy box.  我们搬不动那箱子。   Im sorry I cant help you.  对不起，我帮不上你。 四. 情态动词的语法特征： 1）情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情，只表示期待或估计某事的发生。 2） 情态动词除ought 和have 外，后面只能接不带to 的不定式。 3）情态动词没有人称，数的变化，即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s。 4）情态动词没有非谓语形式，即没有不定式，分词等形式。 五.情态动词的用法 1. can (could) 表示说话人能, 可以, 同意, 准许, 以及客观条件许可, could 为 can 的过去式。  Can you pass me the books?  你能给我递一下书吗 ?  Could you help me, please?  请问, 你能帮助我吗?  What can you do?  你能干点什么呢?  Can you be sure?  你有把握吗?   can 和could 只能用于现在式和过去式两种时态，将来时态用be able to 来表示。  He could help us at all.  他完全可以帮助我们。  With the teacher’s help, I shall be able to speak English correctly. 有老师的帮助, 我将能准确地讲英语。 2. may (might) “可以”，表示说话人同意，许可或请求对方许可。  You may take the book home. 你可以把书带回家去。  May I come in? 我可以进来吗?  May I use your dictionary? 我可以用你的词典吗?  You may put on more clothes. 你可以多穿点衣服。  He said he might lend us some money. 他说他可以借给我们一些钱。   may 否定式为 may not, 缩写形式是 mayn’t。might 是may 的过去式，有两种用法，一种表示过去式，一种表示虚拟语气，使语气更加委婉、客气或对可能性的怀疑。  He told me he might be here on time. 他说他能按时间来。  Might I borrow some money now? 我可以借点钱吗?  He might be alive. 他可能还活着。 3. must “必须；应该；一定；准是”，表示说话人认为有必要做某事，命令、要求别人做某事以及对事物的推测。must 用来指一般现在时和一般将来时，过去式可用 have to 的过去式代替。  I must finish my work today.  我今天必须完成我的工作。  You mustnt work all the time.  你不能老是工作。  Must I return the book tomorrow?  我必须明天还书吗?  After such a long walk, you must be tired.  走了这么长的路, 你一定累了。  He must be the man I am looking for.  他一定是我要找的人。  He had to go because of somebody’s calling him that day. 那天他要走，因为有人叫他。 值得注意的'是： （1）must + have + 过去分词，表示现在对过去事物的推测。 He must have told my parents about it. 他一定把这件事情告诉我父母亲了。   He must have received my letter now. 他现在一定收到我的信了。   Its six oclock already, we must have been late again. 已经六点钟了，我们一定又迟到了。 （2）must 和 have to 的区别: must 表示说话人的主观思想, have to  “不得不,必须”，表示客观需要、客观条件只能如此。   You must do it now.  你必需现在就干。(说话人认为必须现在干)   I have to go now.  我得走了。(客观条件必须现在走)   You must be here on time next time.  你下次一定要按时来。   I have to cook for my child.  我得给孩子做饭。 4. need “需要”，多用在否定式或疑问句中.  Need I attend the meeting tomorrow? 我需要明天参加会议吗?  You need not hand in the paper this week. 这一周你不必交论文。   need 是一个情态动词，他的用法完全和其他情态动词一样，但 need 还可当作实义动词使用，这时 need 就象其他动词一样，有第三人称，单复数， 后面加带 to 的动词等特性。  I need a bike to go to school.  我上学需要一辆自行车。  Do you need a dictionary?  你需要词典吗?  She needs a necklace.  她需要一条项链。 注意：“needn‘t + have + 过去分词” 表示过去做了没必要做的事情。 You neednt have taken it seriously.  这件事情你不必太认真。 5. dare “敢”，多用在否定或疑问句中。  The little girl dare not speak in public.  小女孩不敢在公众面前说话。  Dare you catch the little cat?  你敢抓小猫吗?   dare 除用作情态动词外，更多的是当实义动词使用， 用法同实义动词一样，要考虑人称，单复数，时态等。  Do you dare to walk in the dark?  你敢黑夜走路吗？  He doesnt dare to tell the teacher what happened that day.  他不敢告诉老师那天发生的事。 6. ought “应当；应该”，后面跟带有 to 的动词不定式。   You ought to read these books if you want to know how to repair the motorcar. 如果你想知道如何修理汽车,你应该读这些书。   You ought to bring the child here.  你应该把孩子带来。 ought + to have done 句型。指过去动作,表示一件事情该做而未做。   You ought to have been here yesterday. 你昨天就应该来。 ought not to have done 句型。表示一件不该做的事情却做了。   You ought not to have taken the book out of the reading-room.    你不应该把书带出阅览室。 7. will (would) 表决心、愿望。 would 为 will 的过去式, 可用于各人称。  1）will表示经常性、习惯性、倾向性，would表示过去的习惯行为。 e.g.  a. He will sit there hour after hour looking at the traffic go by.     b.He would come to see me when he was in Beijing.  2）表示意志，决心或愿望。  e.g.  a. Surely we will support all the people in the world in their struggle for peace.   b. He would not let me try it .  3）表示对对方的请求，用于第二人称作主语的疑问句中，would的语气比will委碗,疑问句中一般用some, 而不是any。 e.g.  a. would/will you kindly tell me the way to the station? b. Would you like some cake? 4）would like =  want to 想要  Would like to do  =  want to 想要  e. g.  a  Would you like to go with me?   8. shall, should 表示命令, 警告, 允诺, 征求, 劝告, 建议, 惊奇。  shall的用法 用于第一,第三人称征求对方的意愿 e.g.  a. What shall I wear on the journey?   b. When shall he be able to leave the hospital? should 的用法 1)用于第一人称疑问句中询问对方的意愿，但语气较委婉温和 e.g. a. What should we do now? 我们现在该怎么办？ 2)表示应该、必须，常与must 换用。 e.g. a. We should (must) master a foreign language at least. 3).should 表示劝告，建议，命令，此时也可用ought to. 在疑问句中，通常用should代替 ought to. 4) should have done 表示过去应该做 而实际没有做 should not have done 表示过去不该做而实际做了． 9. have to＆must 1) 两词都是必须的意思，have to 表示客观的需要， must 表示说话人主观上的看法，既主观上的必要。 e.g.  a. My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night. (客观上需要做这件事)  b. He said that they must work hard. （主观上要做） 2) have to有人称、数、时态的变化，而must只有一种形式。但must 可用于间接引语中表示过去的必要或义务。 e.g.  a. He had to look after his sister yesterday. 3）在否定结构中： don’t have to 表示“不必”  mustn’t 表示 “禁止” e.g.  a. You don‘t have to tell him about it.   b. You mustn‘t tell him about it. 10.need&dare 这两词既可做实义动词用，又可做情态动词用。作为情态动词，两者都只能用于疑问句，否定句和条件句。 need 作实义动词时后面的不定式必须带to，而dare作实义动词用时, 后面的to 时常可以被省略。 1)  实义动词:need+ n. / to do sth 2) 

篇4：高考英语二轮语法专讲教案 第4讲 同位语从句

高考英语二轮语法专讲精品教案 第4讲 同位语从句

高考英语二轮语法专讲精品教案  第4讲 同位语从句  来源：中学学科网   一、理解同位语从句的含义，把握同位语从句的实质 在主从复合句中作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。同位语从句一般用that,whether，what, which, who,when, where, why, how 等词引导，常放在fact,news,idea,truth,hope,problem,information,wish, promise, answer, evidence, report, explanation, suggestion, conclusion,等抽象名词后面，说明该名词的具体内容。换言之，同位语从句和所修饰的名词在内容上为同一关系，对其内容作进一步说明。 例：The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.他们比赛获胜的消息很快传遍了整个学校。 析：they had won the game说明The news的全部内容，因此该句为同位语从句。 二、正确运用同位语从句的引导词，准确把握同位语从句 1.如同位语从句意义完整，应用that引导同位语从句。（即that 不充当任何成分，只起连接作用） 例：The general gave the order that the soldiers should cross the river at once.将军下达了战士们立即过河的命令。 析：the soldiers should cross the river at once是the order的全部内容，且意义完整，因此应用that引导同位语从句。 2.如同位语从句意义不完整，需增加是否的含义，应用whether引导同位语从句。（if不能引导同位语从句） 例：Well discuss the problem whether the sports meeting will be held on time.我们将讨论运动会是否会如期举行的问题。 析：the sports meeting will be held on time意义不完整，应加是否的含义才能表达the problem的全部内容，因此应用whether引导同位语从句。 3.如同位语从句意义不完整，需增加什么时候、什么地点、什么方式等含义，应用when,where,how等词引导同位语从句。 例1：I have no idea when he will be back. 析：he will be back意义不完整，应加什么时候的含义才能表达idea的全部内容，因此应用when引导同位语从句。 例2：I have no impression how he went home,perhaps by bike. 析：he went home意义不完整，应加如何的含义才能表达impression的全部内容，因此应用how引导同位语从句。 4.当主句的谓语较短，而同位语从句较长时，同位语从句常后肢。 如：The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city. 他突然想到敌人可能已经逃出城了。 三、把握同位语从句和定语从句的区别，明确同位语从句和相似从句的界限 同位语从句和定语从句相似，都放在某一名词或代词后面，但同位语从句不同于定语从句。同位语从句对名词加以补充说明，是名词全部内容的体现，且名词和同位语从句的'引导词均不在从句中作成分；定语从句说明先行词的性质与特征，与先行词是修饰与被修饰的关系，且名词和定语从句的引导词均在从句中作成分。 区分时可以在先行词与与从句之间加一个系动词be,使之构成一个新句子，如果句子通顺且符合逻辑，则为同位语从句，反之，则为定语从句。 如：The report that he was going to resign was false.   他将辞职的传闻是假的。 因为the report was that he was going to resign 句意通顺，所以，that he was going to resign 是同位语从句。 例：Information has been put forward ____ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.(NMET上海) A.while B.that C.when D.as 析：答案为B。more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities是Information的内容，且Information不在从句中作成分，所以该句为同位语从句。应将该句区别于： It is said that more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities，this is the information ____ has been put forward. A.what B.that C.when D.as 析：答案为B。that has been put forward为information的修饰性定语，且information在从句中作主语，所以该句为定语从句。  

篇5：高考英语二轮语法专讲教案 第8讲 强调句

高考英语二轮语法专讲精品教案 第8讲 强调句

高考英语二轮语法专讲精品教案  第8讲 强调句 来源：中学学科网   在课堂教学中，英语教师都按照下面的句型去施教。即：It is / was …that /who…用来强调一个句子中除谓语以外的任何句子成分。例如： I bought this car in that shop last month.(原始句) It was I who/that bought this car in that shop last month. (强调主语) It was this car that I bought in that shop last month.(强调宾语) It was in that shop that I bought this car last month.(强调地点状语) It was last month that I bought this car in that shop.(强调时间状语)   就这样，再举几个例子，让学生练练，该语法讲解到此结束。可是，高考并不单纯考查这样一些基本的句式，下面几点还有待于老师去延伸讲解。 先请看下面的两个句子： (1) It is on this arable land that the farmers produce food for the whole population of China. (2) It was from the early 1990s that scientists started to develop new techniques to increase agricultural production without harming the environment. 以上两个句子都是It is(was)…that…结构引导的强调句，在该句型中it没有任何意义，常用来强调主语、宾语、状语等。考查时常把被强调部分结构复杂化，即名词或代词后常跟有定语从句、动词不定式或同位语对名词起修饰，补充说明，同学们常把它和其它相似结构混淆，难以掌握。近几年的高考对强调句的考查常从以下几个方面进行，现归纳如下，希望同学们能突破这个难点。 一、强调句子主语 句子主语结构设置复杂，有跟不定式作定语的，有跟定语从句作定语的，还有用主语从句、并列结构或同位语结构的，这些会干扰同学们的解题思维，但只要我们抓住了句子的主干，问题也就迎刃而解了。如： It was what he did that made his parents upset. It is I who am responsible for this case.  注意：强调某人时，可以用who代替that, that(who)后部分的谓语动词要和被强调部分的主语部分在语法上保持一致。 【真题回顾1】It is what you do rather than what you say _______ matters. （天津）   A. that B. what C. which D. this 解析：题意是“是你所做的而不是你所说的起作用”，强调句子主语，主语是并列连词rather than 连接的两个主语从句充当，故选A。 二、强调句子中的时间、地点、方式等状语 这些状语可以是状语从句，介词短语，或介词短语中的名词后再跟有定语从句等。如： It was because it was raining hard that I was late for school. It was with great joy that she accepted the birthday gift I bought for her. 【真题回顾2】 It was with great joy________ he received the news that his lost daughter had been found. （福建） A．because  B．which  C．since  D．that 解析：强调作方式状语的介词短语，故选D。 如果对not…until句型进行强调时，常将not和until短语或引导的时间从句放在一起，置于It is(was)…that之间,其后部分用肯定形式，如： It was not until yesterday that I knew this. 【真题回顾3】 It wasn’t until nearly a month later   I received the manager’s reply. （2005全国卷一二） A．since B．when   C．as D．that 解析：句意是“直到近一个月后我才得到经理的`答复。”强调not…until句型，要将not提前，和until一起放到被强调的位置。故选D。 注意：强调时间状语和地点状语时，不用when和where。 三、强调句的一般问句和特殊问句 一般问句形式是：Is/Was it + 被强调部分+that/who+句子其他成分？如: Was it during the Second World War that his grandfather died?  特殊问句形式是：特殊疑问词 + is/was +that/who + 句子其他成分？如： When is it that the school sports meeting will be held? 【真题回顾4】―___________that he managed to get the information? （2005山东） ―Oh, a friend of his helped him. A. Where was it  B. What was it  C. How was it  D. Why was it 解析：根据下文的答语 a friend of his helped him可知上文是强调方式状语。故选C。 四、强调句和其他相似句型的区别 区分强调句和定语从句的方法是将It is /was…that/who去掉，句子成分完整，则是强调句，反之则是其他从句。 （一）强调句与定语从句 It was in the hall that we held the English party. （强调句，去掉it was…that后，句子成分仍完整：We held the English party in the hall.） It was the hall where (in which) we held the English party. (定语从句) （二）强调句与时间状语从句 It was four o’clock in the afternoon when they arrived at the museum. (when 引导时间状语从句) It was at four o’clock in the afternoon that they arrived at the museum. (强调句) 【真题回顾5】― Did Jack come back early last night? （2005福建） ― Yes. It was not yet eight o’clock________ he arrived home. A．before B．when  C．that D．until 解析：句意是“他到家时还不8点钟”，故是时间状语从句，而不是强调句，选B。 五、特殊的强调句型 英语中对谓语动词的强调一般是强调一般过去时或一般现在时的句子，方式是在谓语动词前加上相应时态的助动词do, does,或did，用于加强句子的语气，其后动词用原形。也可以在祈使句句首加助动词do表示强调。如： I do believe you. Do be careful.

篇6：高考英语二轮语法专讲教案 第13讲 宾语从句

高考英语二轮语法专讲精品教案 第13讲 宾语从句

高考英语二轮语法专讲精品教案   第13讲宾语从句 来源：中学学科网     宾语从句的三要素：引导词、陈述句语序、时态一致   1．宾语从句的引导词 （1）由陈述句变成的宾语从句，用that引导，语序不变。that在句中无实际意义，可以省略。如：     He is a teacher. →He said (that) he was a teacher.   I have already seen the film. →He said that he (had) already seen the film. （2）由一般疑问句变成的宾语从句，用if或whether引导，表示“是否”，原来一般疑问句的语序要变为陈述句语序。如： Does the boy like English? →The teacher asked me if the boy liked English.     Are they students?→I dont know if they are students. 注意：当宾语从句中出现“or not”或“or + 供具体选择的.内容”时，就只能用whether来引导。例如： I don’t know whether he will come back soon or not. （3）由特殊疑问句变成宾语从句时，疑问代词或疑问副词作宾语从句的引导词，并在宾语从句中充当成分，表示对不清楚的人、事物、时间、地点、方式等的询问。原来特殊疑问句的疑问语序要变为陈述语序。如：   Who is that boy? → Miss Li wants to know who that boy is.   What does the girl want to buy? → He asked what the girl wanted to buy.   Where have they gone? → I didn’t know where they had gone.   When did you leave? → He asked when I left.   2．宾语从句的语序要用陈述句语序，即宾语从句的主语前不可有be动词、情态动  词或助动词do, does, did, have, has, had等。   3．时态一致性，即若主句时态是现在时态（包括一般现在时，现在进行时，现在完成时），宾语从句的时态可根据实际情况而定；若主句是过去时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时），宾语从句的时态也用过去时态，如： We know he is a teacher at a school. We know he lost his son last year. We know he will come here soon. He said that he was ill.

篇7：高考英语二轮语法专讲教案 第7讲 主语从句

高考英语二轮语法专讲精品教案 第7讲 主语从句

高考英语二轮语法专讲精品教案  第7讲 主语从句 来源：中学学科网   1. 定义：用作主语的从句叫做主语从句2. 构成：关联词+简单句 3．引导主语从句的关联词有三类： (1)从属连词that。如：That they were sisters was unknown to anyone.  她们是姐妹这件事好象没任何人知道。  (2)从属连词whether。如： Whether he’ll come here isn’t clear.他是否会来这里还不清楚。 (3)连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever 连接副词 where, when, how, why。如： What she did is not yet known.她干了什么尚不清楚。 How this happened is not clear to anyone. 这事怎样发生的，谁也不清楚。 Whoever comes is welcome.不论谁来都欢迎。 Wherever you are is my home ---- my only home. 你所在的任何地方就是我的家----我唯一的家。 解释： 1．主语从句能用it作形式上的主语。常以it作形式主语的.句型有： A.It+be+形容词(obvious, true, natural, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain, probable, etc.)+that从句。如： It is certain that she will do well in her exam. 毫无疑问她考试成绩会很好。 It is probable that he told her everything. 很可能他把一切都告诉她了。 B.It+be+名词词组(no wonder, an honour, a good thing, a pity, no surprise, etc.)+that从句。如：It’s a pity that we can’t go. 很遗憾我们不能去。 It’s no surprise that our team should have won the game. 我们没赢这场比赛真意外。 C.It+be+过去分词(said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, arranged, etc.)+that从句。如： It is said that Mr. Green has arrived in Beijing. 据说格林先生已经到了北京。 It is reported that China has sent another man-made earth satellite into orbit. 据报道中国又成功地发射了一颗人造地球卫星。 D. It+seem, happen等不及物动词及短语+that从句。如： It seems that Alice is not coming to the party at all. Alice似乎不来参加晚会。 It happened that I was out that day. 碰巧我那天外出了。 E.It+doesn’t matter+连接代词或连接副词引起的主语从句。如： It doesn’t matter whether she will come or not. 她是否来这无关紧要。 F.当that引导的主语从句出现在疑问句中时，要以it作形式主语，而把主语从句后置。如：Is it true that the scientist will give us a lecture next week? 下周那位科学家将给我们作报告是真的吗？ Does it matter much that they will not come tomorrow? 他们明天不来很要紧吗？  2．注意连接代词whoever, whatever, whichever等引导主语从句的含义 Whoever comes will be welcome. (whoever=the person who) 来的人将受到欢迎。 Whatever he did was right. (whatever=the thing that)他所做的事情是正确的。

篇8：高考英语二轮语法专讲教案 第6讲 状语从句

高考英语二轮语法专讲精品教案 第6讲 状语从句

高考英语二轮语法专讲精品教案 第6讲 状语从句 来源：中学学科网   一定义： A 状语主要是用来修饰动词和形容词的，以表明动作发生或状态存在的时间，地点，原因，等。 1．Ten years ago, She began to live in Dalian. 时间状语修饰began 2．The boy was praised for his bravery. 原因状语修饰was praised B 状语从句就是用一个句子来代替上面的时间状语和原因状语。 1.Ten years ago, she began to live in Dalian. When she was 12 years old, she began to live in Dalian. 2.The boy was praised for his bravery. The boy was praised because he saved the baby’s life in the freezing  river. 二 状语从句的种类： A 时间状语从句: 连接时间状语从句的连接词有: (1) 连词：when, while, as. 它们都表示当…时候的意思。如果主句和从句的动作同时发生且都是进行时态，只用while, as. 其他情况下when, while, as通用。 1.When he came in, I was listening to the radio． 2.As I was wandering in the street, I met her. 3.While (as) I was watching TV, my mum was cooking in the kitchen. (2) 连词before, after, since, until(till). 当他们表示时间时，他们既是介词又是连词。 1.He usually drinks a cup of tea before he goes to school.   连词   He usually drinks a cup of tea before going to school.   介词 2.He usually drinks a cup of coffee after he comes back from school.  连词   He usually drinks a cup of coffee after coming back from school.  介词 3.I have lived in Dalian since my son was born in . 连词   通常情况下，主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。   I have lived in Dalian since 1999. 介词 4.I will wait here until(till) you finish your job. 连词   I will wait here until(till) 8pm. 介词 (3) 词组：as soon as I will tell him as soon as he comes back. As soon as she finishes her homework, she will play tennis. 通常情况下，主句用一般将来时，as soon as 引导的从句用一般现在时。 B 地点状语从句： 连接地点状语从句的`连接词有：where, wherever 1.Where there is water, there is life. 2.Where there is a will, there is a way. 3.Wherever you go, I will follow you.== No matter where you go, I will follow you. 4.I will go wherever I can find a good job.== I will go no matter where I can find a good job. C 原因状语从句： 连接原因状语从句的连接词有：because, as, since, for. 1.Tom was late for school this morning because he didn’t catch the early bus. 2.I couldn’t go to Beijing on business as my mother was ill. 3.Since all of us agreed about this plan, we will carry it out next week. 4.We listened carefully, for the speech was very important. 注意：当连接原因状语从句时，because语气最强，as, since, for次之；because, as, since引导的从句可在主句前面或后面， for引导的从句只能在主句的后面。 D 条件状语从句： 连接条件状语从句的连接词有：if, unless, as long as. 1.If I am not busy tomorrow, I will play football with you. 2.You won’t pass the exam unless you work hard on it. 3.As long as you take my advice, you will outwit your rival. 注意：一般情况下，if, unless, as long as 引导的从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。 E 让步状语从句: 连接让步状语从句的连接词有：although, though, even if, even though, 疑问词 + ever , no matter + 疑问词. 1.Although (though) I gave him some advice, he didn’t take them. 2.John continued to work hard even if (even though) he felt sick. 3.Whatever you do, I will support you.==No matter what you do, I will support you. 4.Whoever you may be, I will not let you in. ===No matter who you may be, I will not let you in. 5.However difficult it may be, we will overcome it. === No matter how difficult it may be, we will overcome it. 注意：一般情况下，although等于though, even if等于even though, however等于no matter how, wh-ever等于 no matter wh-． F 方式状语从句: 连接方式状语从句的连接词有：as, as if, as though. 1.You should do your homework as Tom did. 2.Jerry was lying on the bed as if (as though) he was very tired. 注意：通常情况下，as if等于as though. G 目的状语从句: 连接目的状语从句的连接词有：so that, in order that. 1.Cherry was walking quickly so that (in order that) she could arrived at the cinema in time. 2.John sent the mail by air in order that (so that) it might arrive a little early. 注意：通常情况下，so that 等于in order that. H 结果状语从句： 连接结果状语从句的连接词有：so…that, such…that. 1. He ran so fast that we couldn’t keep up with him. She spoke English so clearly that all of us could understand her. 2. She is such a nice teacher that all of us love her. She is a so nice teacher that all of us love her. 3. The chef cooked such nice food that we ate up at the end of the dinner. The chef cooked so nice food that we ate up at the end of the dinner. 4. These were such interesting books that we kept reading until the end of the class. These were so interesting books that we kept reading until the end of the class.

篇9：高考英语二轮语法专讲教案 第5讲：主谓一致

高考英语二轮语法专讲精品教案 第5讲：主谓一致

高考英语二轮语法专讲精品教案  第5讲：主谓一致 来源：中学学科网   主谓一致指”人称”和”数方面的一致关系.如: He is going abroad. They are playing football. 可分为:语法一致, 内容一致, 就近一致. 一．语法一致原则: 即主语为单数,谓语用单数,主语为复数,谓语也用复数. 以下为注意事项: 1. 单数主语即使后面带有with , along with, together with, like(象), but (除了),except, besides, as well as, no less than, rather than(而不是), including, in addition to 引导的短语, 谓语动词仍用单数.  如: Air as well as water is matter.  空气和水都是物质.   No one except two servants was late for the dinner.  除了 两个仆人外, 没有一个人迟来用餐 2.用and连接的并列主语,如果主语是同一个人,同一事,同一概念, 谓语动词用单数, 否则用复数. 如: The poet and writer has come. 那位诗人兼作家来了.(一个人) A hammer and a saw are useful tools. 锤子和锯都是有用的工具. (两样物) 用and连接的成对名词习惯上被看成是一个整体, 如:bread and butter(黄油抹面包), knife and fork(刀叉)等作主语时, 谓语动词用单数. 3.不定式(短语), 动名词(短语), 或从句作主语时, 谓语动词用单数. 如: Serving the people is my great happiness. 为人民服务是我最大的幸福. When we’ll go out for an outing has been decided. 我们什么时候出去郊游已决定了. 4.  用连接的并列主语被each, every 或no修饰时, 谓语动词用单数. Every boy and every girl likes to go swimming.  每个男孩和每个女孩都喜欢去游泳. No teacher and no student was absent from the meeting.  没有老师也没有学生开会缺席. Each man and (each) woman is asked to help.  每个男人和每个女人都被请去帮忙. 5.each of + 复数代词, 谓语动词用单数. 复数代词+each, 谓语动词用单数.如: Each of us has something to say. 我们每个人都有话要说 6. 若主语中有more than one 或many a/an , 尽管从意义上看是复数, 但它的谓语动词仍用单数. 但more+复数名词+than one做主语时, 谓语动词仍用复数. 如: Many a boy likes playing basketball. 许多男生都喜欢打篮球. More than one student was late. 不只一个学生迟到 More persons than one come to help us. 不止一个人来帮助我们. 7.  none 做主语时,谓语动词可用单数, 也可用复数; 但在代表不可数的东西时总是看作单数,因而谓语动词要用单数. 如:   None of us are (is) perfect. 人无完人.   None of this worries me. 这事一点不使我着急. 8. 名词如: trousers, scissors, clothes, goods, glasses 等作主语时, 谓语动词必须用复数. 如: His clothes are good. 但这些名词前若出现 a pair of , 谓语一般用单数.如:   A pair of glasses is on the desk. 桌上有一副眼镜. 9. 形复意单名词如:news ; 以ics 结尾的学科名称如: physics, mathematics, economics; 国名如: the United States; 报纸名如: the New Times; 书名如: Arabian Night <天方夜谈>; 以及The United Nations<联合国>等作主语时, 谓语动词用单数. 10. “a +名词+and a half “, “one and a half + 名词”, “the number of + 名词” 等作主语时, 谓语动词要用单数. 如: Only one and a half apples is left on the table. 注意: one or two + 复数名词作主语, 谓语动词用复数形式, 如: One or two places have been visited. 参观了一两个地点. 二．内容一致原则: 1.主语中有all, half, most, the rest等, 以及”分数或百分数+名词”做主语时,谓语动词单复数取决于连用的名词.如: The rest of the bikes are on sale today.  剩下的自行车, 今天出售. 60%of the apple was eaten by little boy. 这个苹果的60%都被这个小男孩吃了. Most of the apples were rotten. 大部分的苹果都是烂的. Most of the apple was eaten by a rat.  这个苹果的大部分被老鼠吃了. 2. 不定数量的词组, 如:part of , a lot of , lots of , one of , a number of , plenty of等作主语时, 谓语动词的单复数取决于量词后面名词的数.如: A part of the textbooks have arrived.  一小部分教科书已运到. A part of the apple has been eaten up by the pig.  这个苹果的一部分被猪吃光了. 3. 加减乘除用单数.如:   Fifteen minus five is ten . 15减去5等于10. 4. 表示时间, 金钱, 距离, 度量等的名词做主语时, 尽管是复数形式, 它们做为一个单一的概念时, 其谓语动词用单数.如: Ten miles is a good distance. 十英里是一个相当的距离. 5. (1) 通常作复数的集体名词. 包括police , people, cattle 等, 这些集体名词通常用作复数.如: The British police have only very limited powers.   (2) 通常作不可数名词的集体名词. 包括equipment, furniture, clothing, luggage 等.   (3) 可作单数也可作复数的集体名词. 包括 audience, committee, government, family, enemy, group, party, team, public 等.如:   The committee has/have decided to dismiss him. 委员会决定解雇他. 6. the +形容词/过去分词形式”表示一类人或事物, 作主语时, 谓语动词用复数.如: The injured were saved after the fire. 三．就近原则 1. 由here, there, where 等引导的倒装句中, (有时主语不止一个时)谓语动词与靠近它的`主语在数上一致.如: Here comes the bus 公共汽车来了. Here is a pen and some pieces of paper for you.  给你一支钢笔和几张纸 Where is your wife and children to stay while you are away? 你不在这儿的时候, 你爱人和孩子在哪儿呆呢? 2. 用连词or, either.... or, neither….nor, not only….but also 等连接的并列主语, 谓语动词与靠近它的主语在数上一致. 如: Neither the students nor the teacher knows anything about it 学生和老师都不知道这事. He or you have taken my pen. 他或你拿了我的钢笔. 注意: one of +复数名词+who/that/which 引导的定语从句中, 定语从句的动词为复数.如: Mary is one of those people who keep pets. 玛丽是饲养宠物者之一. The only one of +复数名词+ who/that./which 引导的定语从句中,定语从句的动词应为单数. Mary is the only one of those people who keeps pets. 玛丽是唯一一个饲养宠物的人.

篇10：高考英语二轮语法专讲教案 第10讲 非谓语动词

高考英语二轮语法专讲精品教案 第10讲 非谓语动词

高考英语二轮语法专讲精品教案   第10讲非谓语动词 来源：中学学科网   非谓语动词：包括不定式to do，动名词doing，过去分词done及现在分词doing. 动词不定式： 1.作主语或表语。 1) It is hard _____ a high mountain.(climb)   （不定式作主语，常用it作形式主语。） 2) The only way to reach the edge of the forest ___ the narrow dirt path in front of us. A. was to take  B. was to taking C. will take  D. was taken （不定式作表语，常用来说明主语内容。） 2.某些动词后须跟不定式to do作宾语： e.g. afford, agree, decide, demand, offer, determine, hope, expect, wish, happen, fail, manage, desire, long(渴望), plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, intend, seem;…  3.某些动词后须用不定式作宾补v.+n.+to do e.g. advise, allow, permit, forbid, ask, beg, cause, choose, drive(驱使), enable, encourage, expect, wish, force, get, invite, prefer, tell, think,  want, warn, order, require, call on, depend on… 4.动词let, have, make, notice, watch, observe, feel, hear, see, 后用动词原形作宾补. 如改为被动语态，省掉的to要还原。 e.g. I heard Mary sing last night. Mary was heard to sing last night.  5.某些结构后面要用省to的不定式(即动词原形)：  would/had rather,  would you please,  had better,  rather than(而不是)   6.不定式作定语时，与其修饰的名词有主谓关系或动宾关系。 e.g. 1) I haven’t decided which hotel ______. A.  to stay  B. to be stayed at C. to stay at  D. for staying  2) The old scientist has been invited to a party _____ next Monday evening. A.  holding B. held C. to be held D. being held  3) Little Betty found __________. A.  with no one to play  B. no one to play with C. no one to be played with  D. no one to play 4) a. Mr Smith is the very doctor ______.   b. Mr Smith is the very doctor for you __. A. to be sent for  B. to send for C. sending for  D. to be sent 7.疑问词+不定式 to do：相当于一个名词从句，常用来作主语，表语，宾语或状语。 e.g. He doesn’t know____ to stay or not. A. if B. either  C. whether  D. if he will  Last summer I took a course on _____. A.  how to make dresses B. how dresses be made C. how to be made dresses D.  how are dresses made  不定式的省略： ---Did your brother go to the party? ---No, but he _______. A. planned it  B. planned to C. planned so D. planned  形容词easy, difficult, hard, fit后的动词不定式用主动形式表被动意义。 e.g. I found the German Language hard _____.A. to be learned B. to learn  C. learned D. learning   动名词doing 1.作主语：动名词表一种抽象的和泛指的概念，而不定式表一次性的，具体的动作。 e.g. Swimming is a good exercise. To swim across that river is possible some day when I grow up.  用在It is no use (good, a waste of time, not an easy task )…和there be no (no use)…结构中。 e.g. It is no good _____ the stable door when  the horse is stolen. A. closing  B. to shut  C. locking D. to lock There is no use ______ him at this hour. A.  to call  B. called  C. to ring  D. calling  2.作宾语：某些动词后只跟动名词作宾语。 admit, appreciate, avoid, can’t help, consider, delay, enjoy, escape, fancy(爱好), suggest, excuse(原谅), finish, mind, miss, practise, allow，risk（冒险）, advise,  give up…  3.有些动词后即可接不定式，又可接动名词，但意义不一样： e.g. remember, forget, regret  +to do 动作未发生 + doing动作已发生 e.g. I remember to post the letter. I remember posting the letter. try to do 尽力做 try doing尝试做 stop to do stop doing mean to do打算做 mean doing意味着做  4.sth. need, require, want + doing某事需要被 e.g. The bike needs repairing. = The bike needs to be repaired. This place is worth traveling hundreds of miles to see.  5.动名词复合结构：（动名词带上自己的逻辑主语） e.g. His/ John’s coming made us happy. （作主语） Do you mind my /me/Mary’s/Mary going to your party? （作宾语）  6.动名词完成式与被动形式： e.g. He didn’t mention having met me.   I apologize for not having kept my promise. Being killed by sharks was a common thing here.   分词 过去分词常表完成的被动动作，而现在分词常表正在进行的主动动作。 ●现在分词 一、现在分词的'基本特征:表主动的，进行的，表特征 二、现在分词的用法 ①现在分词作表语，表示主语的特征或和连系动词连用构成进行时态。 The book is interesting. The present situation is more encouraging than ever before. The girl is watering the trees. 现在分词作表语一般可以译成“使、令…的” ②现在分词作定语表示所修饰的名词的特征，或修饰名词所做的动作。 单个的现在分词作定语必须前置；现在分词短语则后置。 现在分词短语作定语，相当于一个定语从句，都可以变成一个相应的定语从句。 现在分词作定语所修饰的名词有主谓关系。   He is a promising young man. 他是个大有前途的年轻人。 I have a friend living in London. (=I have a friend who lives in London.) ③现在分词作状语，多用来表示伴随、时间、原因、方式等。现在分词作状语它的逻辑主语是主句的主语。 如果分词表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前，并且已经完成，用现在分词的完成形式。 They stood by the road, reading books. Having stepped into the cave, Crusoe lit a fire. ④现在分词作宾语补足语，表示动作正在进行，动作是宾语发出的，主动的，多用于使役动词或感官动词之后。 We saw a light burning in the window. I cant get the clock going again. 现在分词的完成式，否定式，被动形式： e.g. a.Having worked among the workers for many years, he knew them very well. b. Not having received an answer, he decided to write another letter to them. c. Can you see the building being built? d. Having been put into prison, he felt hopeless.   ●过去分词 一、过去分词的基本特征 表被动的、完成的、表状态 二、过去分词的用法 ①过去分词作表语，和连系动词一起表示主语的状态或表示被动语态（动词应是及物动词）。 The glass is broken. She is quite pleased. The glass was broken by Li Hua. ②过去分词作定语多表示被动意义和完成意义。动作发生在谓语动词之前。 其前置和特征与现在分词相同。过去分词作定语所修饰的名词有被动关系或系表关系。 He is a man loved by all. I hate to read letters written in pencil.   ③过去分词作状语与现在分词作状语一样，可以表示伴随、时间、原因、方式等。 过去分词作状语必须注意它表示的动作是该句主语发不出来的或表示主语的状态， 但其逻辑上的主语应是主句的主语。 When (water is ) heated, water changes into steam. ④过去分词作宾补，多表示宾语的状态或被动意义。动作是宾语发不来的。 多用于使役动词、感官动词和like, want, wish, order等表示“希望”“要求”等意义的动词后面。 特别注意“have＋宾语＋过去分词”这一结构的用法。 I have to have my hair cut.   You should make yourself understood by all.   独立主格结构：在用分词短语作状语时，其逻辑主语一般必须与句子主语一致。 如不一致，分词须带上自己的逻辑主语。常表伴随的动作或情况。 e.g. a. He rushed into the classroom, his face covered with sweat. b. Weather permitting, we’ll have an outing tomorrow. c. So many teachers being absent, we decided to put the meeting off. d. His work finished, he prepared to return to his home. e. There are 180 competitors to take part in this game, the youngest being a boy of 10.

篇11：高考英语二轮语法专讲教案 第11讲 语序、倒装句讲稿

高考英语二轮语法专讲精品教案 第11讲 语序、倒装句讲稿

高考英语二轮语法专讲精品教案  第11讲 语序、倒装句 来源：中学学科网   一、语 序 在英语中，一般常见的语序为“主语+谓语+宾语”，此语序与汉语基本相同，但定语在句子的位置，中文和英文略有差异，下面举例说明： 1、定语的语序 (1)当定语是单词或动词Cing 形式时，在英语中多将定语放在被修饰的前面，与汉语相同。 例：He is a naughty boy. （形容词） (2)当定语是短语或定语从句时，其中短语包括：介词短语，分词短语，不定式短语，放在修饰词的后面。 例： I）She had a basket (full of apples)  (短语) II) The boy (who is sleeping) is my little brother. (定语从句) III)The students(in the room)are from Asia.(介词短语) （3）当定语是副词或某些过去分词时,放在所修饰词后面。 例：I) The women (here) are for you.（副词） II) I like the books (written) by him.(过去分词) 2、状语的语序 在句子中如果同时有时间状语和地点状语时，先地点后时间：地点状语→时间状语，这和汉语中状语的语序不同，汉语是先时间后地点。 例：Ⅰ）My mother has lunch at the factory at noon. Ⅱ)At the airport last night two events take place. Ⅲ)I stayed there for 3 weeks last year.   二、倒 装   Summary:主语和谓语的顺序分为两种： 自然语序：主语+谓语 倒装语序：谓语+主语 1、部分倒装和全部倒装 我们通常使用的语序是自然语序，即主语在前，谓语在后，但有时谓语的全部或一部分提到主语的前面，即采用倒装语序。倒装的原因，或是语法结构的需要，或是为了强调。 A→部分倒装 部分倒装是谓语中的一部分（如：助动词、情态动词或系动词be）放在主语前面，其余部分仍放在主语后面。 例：。Only in this way can we work at the physics problem.(情态动词) ）Never had he had any experience like that.（助动词） ＃Not only is he a singer,but also he is a dancer.（系动词） B→全部倒装 全部倒装是句子中没有助动词，情态动词或系动词be时，要把谓语动词放在主语的前面。 例：Here comes the bus. Up went the arrow in to the sky. The door opened and in came a group of soldiers. ● 例外：这时如果主语是人称代词，则主谓不倒装。 例：Here he comes. Here you are. 给你 Here we are.  我们到了 ▲ 重点：在英语中，从形式上可分为部分倒装和全部倒装，我们为了使于理解，还可以把它分为语法性倒装。这是由于语法上的需要而必须倒装的句子，还有一种是修饰性倒装，顾名思义，这些句子如果不是特意加以强调，可以不必倒装。 2、语法性的倒装 A→各种疑问句的倒装 例：1）Are you against the plan? 2)What do you like best? ●注意：但如果主语是由一个疑问词表示的'或修饰的，语序不变。 例：1）Who did it? (疑问词who是主语，语序不变仍为主语who+谓语did) 2)How many students in your school joined the army ? (分析：主语students由how many修饰，语序不变。) B→there be句型中的倒装   在此句型中，主语总是在谓语之后，无论是在陈述句中还是疑问句中。 例：1）There were no school or hospitals there before. 2)Is there any ink in the bottle? C→直接引语中的倒装 a.直接引语的一部分或全部放在句首时，它的主语（说话人）和谓语（引述动词）常要倒装。 b.但当主语是代词或谓语动词含有助动词时，一般不倒装。 c.另外，如果谓语比主语长，或是它后面有宾语时，一般也不倒装。 例：1)“Will you please carry it for you”? said the old man 2)“Please do me a favour”, he said. 3)“He is a liar. You can’t trust him.” said Tom. 4）“I am hungry”，she had said. D→省略if的虚拟语气条件句中的倒装   If引导的虚拟语气，条件句中如含有助动词were, should和had时，可以使用倒装。 句型：were/should/had+主语+……   =if+主语+were/should/had…… 当if省略时，助动词were, should和had要倒装到主语前去；而if不省略时，主语和助动词用正常语序。 例：1）Were you a fish, the cat would eat you. =If you were a fish, the cat would eat you. 2)Should it rain tomorrow, I shall stay at home. =If it should rain tomorrow, I shall stay at home. 3)Had you my troubles, you would despair. =If you had my troubles, you would despair. E→so，nor，neither用于句首时的倒装 当so，nor，neither用于句首,说明前面一句话中谓语表示的情况也适用于另外一个人或物时，句子要用倒装。   含义 用法 倒装句型 so 也 用于肯定句 So+be(have;助动词或情态动词)+主语 nor/ neither 也不，也没有 用于否定句 Neither/nor+be（have，助动词或情态动词）+主语 例：1) A: I have had my breakfast. B: So have I. 2)A: Li Ming can speak three languages.   B: So can I. 3)A: Will you go home this weekend?   B: After that we never saw her again. 4)After that we never saw her again, nor did we hear from her. F→as 引导的让步状语从句中的倒装 形容词 名词（不带冠词）   +as+主语+系动词be,主语+动词   副词/实义动词 +as+主语+动词，主语+动词 分别叙述如下： 句型一：形容词+as+主语+系动词be 例：1)Young as he is，he knows a lot of things. =Although/though he is young, he knows a lot of things. =He is young but he knows a lot of things. 句型二：名词（不带冠词）+as+主语+系动词be 例：1）King as he is，he is unhappy.   =Although/though he is a king, he is unhappy.   =He is a king, but he is unhappy. 2)Scientist as she is, she wants to learn more.  =Although she is a scientist, she wants to learn more. 句型三：副词+as+主语+动词 1)Much as I like it, I won’t buy it. =Although/though I like it much, I won’t buy it. =I like it much, but I won’t buy it. 2)Fast as you run, you can’t catch up with him. 句型四：实义动词+as+主语+助动词 1)Try as she does, she will never find it. =She tries but she will never find it. 2)Search as they could, they could find no sign of the boy. ▲3．修辞性的倒装（常考内容） 除了语法性倒装之外，有些倒装是由于修辞的原因而采用的，叫做修辞性倒装。 A→否定词放在句首时的倒装 句型：否定词+助动词/be动词+主语 ▲常见放在句首的否定词 By no means, in no case, in no way, on no consideration, under no circumstances, in no circumstances 表示决不 barely 简直没有  hardly 几乎不 scarcely 几乎不  never  从不  rarely 很少 little 几乎没有;一点也不 seldom 很少  only 只有  not 不，没有 not…until…  直到…才…  nowhere  没有地方，无处 not a bit 一点也不  not only…but also…  不但…而且… 例：1）Barely does he have enough money to live on. =He barely has enough money to live on. 2) By no means is translation easy. =Translation is by no means easy. 3)Little did I think that I would lose the game. =I didn’t think at all that I would lose the game. (注：这里not at all=little 译为：一点也不) 在上面表格所列到的否定词中，有几个词是强调两个动作的紧密相接，说明如下： a. hardly…when…  一…就… 例：Hardly did he see me when he ran away. =As soon as he saw me, he ran away. b. scarcely…when… 一…就… 例：Scarcely had the baby cried when the nurse rushed to carry him. c.  no sooner…than… 一…就… 例：No sooner had they reached home than it rained. =It rained as soon as they reached home. d. not only…but also…  不但…而且… 例：1）No only did I make a promise, but I also kept it. =I not only made a promise, but (also)I kept it. 2)Not only is he a scientist, but also he is a painter. B→副词（短语）放在句首时的倒装 以here, then, now, thus, such, there, so, only , no longer, out, in, up, down, away等副词（短语）为首的句子中，要倒装以表示特别强调的语气。例: 1）Then came the time we had been looking for ward to. =The time we had been looking forward to came then. 2) Summer begins in June. Then come July and August. =Summer begins in June, July and August came then. 3) Out rushed the boy. 4) Here are some ideas which will help you to over come the difficulties. 5) 比较： He was very angry. He didn’t say a word.   He was very angry. Not a word did he say. 6）比较： I shall never be late for school.   Never again shall I be late for school. C→only+副词在句首时的倒装 Only+副词/副词短语/状语从句+助动词/be+主语   例：1）Only then did I realize I made such a big mistake. I realized I made such a big mistake only then. 2) Only in this way can you worked it out. 3) Only when one loses health does one know its value. 4) Only when he got home did he know what happened to his father. =When he got home he knew what happened to his father. D→频度副词在句首时的倒装 频度副词always, often, once出现在句首时，句子要倒装。 例：1）Often did we warn them not to do so. 2) Always will we remember th

篇12：高考英语二轮语法专讲教案 第1讲 现在完成时和现在完成进行时

高考英语二轮语法专讲精品教案 第1讲 现在完成时和现在完成进行时

高考英语二轮语法专讲精品教案 第1讲 现在完成时和现在完成进行时 来源：中学学科网   知识扫描: 英语的动词时态有四种：一般时态、进行时态、完成时态和完成进行时态。现在完成时的构成公式为：have/has+过去分词； 现在完成进行时的构成公式为：have/has been +现在分词。 现在完成时的基本例句: 1)  We have lived here since1995. 2)  I have been to Japan twice. 3)  Joan has just finished her homework 其中，(2)(3)描述的是过去发生而与现在情况有关的事物或状态，（1）描述的是从过去某时到现在为止这一段时间中发生的情况。 ▲ 总之，现在完成时表现的是从过去到现在的事情。 一、  现在完成时的形式 A→现在完成时的肯定句 句型：主语（I、we、you第三人称复数）+have+过去分词   主语（第三人称单数）+has+过去分词 例：1）I have been busy all the day. 2) My father has read today’s paper. 3)  I have just written the letter. B→现在完成时的否定句 句型：主语 + have/has + not + 过去分词 例：1）The concert hasn’t/has not started yet. 2)They haven’t gotten to London yet. C→现在完成时的一般疑问句 例：1）Has the concert started? 2) Have you friend your homework? D→现在完成时的特殊疑问句，分两种情况 a. 疑问句词作主语时 句型：疑问句（主语）+have/has+过去分词+……？ 例：1）Who has/have bought these apples?   2)Who has made her so sad? B→疑问词作主语以外的成分时 句型：疑问词+have/has+主语+过去分词+……？ 例：1)How long have you live here? 2)How many times have you been to Spain? 二、现在完成时的用法 1、概述   形式  have/has过去分词 用法 意义 继续 表示从过去继续到现在的动作或状态 经验 表示过去某一是可到现在的经验 完成 表示现在刚完成的动作 成果 表示现在是“做了……”的结果 例：1）继续 He has been sick since last week. 2) 经验 I have visited Tokyo twice.   Have you ever been to Hawaii? 3) 完成 I have just finished my homework.   Has he finished his work yet? 4) 结果 My father has become a lawyer.   I have lost my dictionary. 下面分别阐述其用法 2、表示继续的现在完成时 例：1）肯定句：Li Ming’s elder brother has studied in Beijing university for about three years.   2)否定句：We haven’t seen each other all this month.   3)疑问句：How long have you know your boy friend? A→基本用法 表示继续意义的现在完成时，说明过去的动作一直延续到现在，也就是说从过去某时开始 的动作、状态一直持续到现在。此时，往往用和现在有关的表示一段时间的.时间状语。 例：1）I began to study English three years ago.(过去试) 2）I still study English now.(现在式) 3）I have studied English since three years ago.     现在完成时 Have+过去分词     ▲ 牢记：表继续的动词 have known 已经认识了  have studied  已经学习了 have worked ； have been to； have used ；have taught ；have stayed; have wanted to; have lived ▲ B→常用的时间状语 表示继续的现在完成时，常和下列时间状语连用 for+时间段 since+过去某时 all this week  often   today recently  all day up to now  直到现在  so far 到目前为止 lately  always  till/until now in the past years these days this  week during the past （years、month） 3、表示经验的现在完成时 例：1）肯定句：I have seen the film three times. 2) 否定句：I’ve never seen the film. 3)疑问句：Have you ever been to U.K.? A→基本用法 表示经验的现在完成时，说明从过去起到现在的经验，即从过去到现在之间曾经经历过或做过的事情。 B→常用的时间状语   Often, ever, before, never, once, twice, times, many times C→ have/has been的用法 形式 意义 用法 Have/has been to 表示“曾经去过……” 经验 表示“到 … 去过了…” 完成 Have/has been in 表示“曾在……” 经验 表示“一直在……” 继续 例：a.  have been to I have been to the summer palace twice.(经验) I have been to the museum to see the exhibition.(完成)   b. have been in Have you ever been in America?(经验) We have been in home for the whole day.(继续) 插曲：be 动词的过去分词 Be动词的过去分词不管主语的人称和数都要用been表示 例：We have been tired these days 区别：I am happy.（一般现在时）   I was happy.（一般过去时）   I have been happy.（现在完成时） 4．表示完成，结果的现在完成时 例：1）My father has just gone out.(结果)   2）I have closed the window.(完成)   3）Mr.Li has gone to Australia.(结果) A→表示完成的用法 I’ve just finished my homework. They have gone to GuiLin. B→表示结果的用法 例1、(1)I opened the door. (2)The door is open now. (3)I have opened the door. 例2、（1）John bought a dictionary. (2)Now John has a new dictionary. (3)John has bought a new dictionary. ▲牢记：表结果的现在完成时常见动词。 make  become  go  come  lose  grow  sell  buy  fall C→常见的时间状语（副词） already just  yet→句末 句中 三、现在完成时的注意事项 1、just now和just的区别  just now用在一般过去时 just用在现在完成时 例：1）We had an English lesson just now. 2) We have just had an English lesson. 2、today等时间状语的运用 运用today，this morning，this afternoon等时间状语时，时态要根据说话的具体情况而定。 例：1）He didn’t do his homework this afternoon.他今天下午没有做功课。 He hasn’t done his homework this afternoon.他今天下午还没有做功课呢。   2）He arrived here a little late today,because he got up late and didn’t catch the bus.   3)He has been very busy today.（截至到说话时，仍是在今天，他们很忙） 3、几种时态表示同一意思 例：1)He left china two years ago.   2)It is two years since he left china.   3)He has away from china for 2 years. 四、现在完成进行时 区别：现在完成时侧重于动作的结速或完成；而现在完成进行时侧重于动作的未结束和继续进行。 例：1）I have opened the can.   2) I have been writing the letter since then. 1、现在完成进行时的形式： 1）主动语态：主语+have/has+现在分词（doing） 2）被动语态：主语+have/has been+过去分词(done) 例：Have you been waiting for him all the day? 2、用法 a.在强调动作还未结束，还要继续下去时，不能用现在完成时，而要用现在完成进行时。 例：I’ve been writing the composition for two hours,but I haven’t finished it yet. b. 动作不包含持续意思的动词，要用现在完成进行时，表示延续到现在的动作。 例：The artist has been painting the painting. c. 现在完成进行时也用来表示一种在现在以前这个阶段反复发生的事。 例：He has promsing me to help you.Hasn’t he done it? d. 有些动词不能用于现在完成进行时，但可用于现在完成时。 1）表状态的动词 be， have，exist 2）表感情的动词 like，love，hate，detest 3）表示感觉的动词  see，hear，know，feel，sound 例：1）He has had a cold for a week. 2)I have heard the news since last week. 3、常用的时间状语：（与表继续的现在完成时相同） for+时间；since; these years; recently; all the time; how long… 例：1）They have been talking all the night. 2) How long has it been raining?

篇13：高考一轮复习资料-江苏牛津英语模块三第 十一 讲(译林牛津版高考复习英语必修三教案教学设计)

模块三 Unit3 Back to the past

【考点透视】

I 重点短语

take over接管、占据

take off 脱掉（衣帽等）、切除（物）、动身、（飞机等）起飞、请（几天）假

take… off…从（价格）中减去……

take on 雇用（某人）、承担（工作）、呈现、流行

take out 取出

1. take to喜欢上（某人）、开始（……）、养成……的恶习

take up拿起、占有、开始、继续、（车辆等）搭载（乘客）

take in吸收、包括、了解、理解、欺骗、收留（某人）住宿

take back取回（某物）、收回（承诺等）、归还

take after（长得）像（父母等）

take… for…把……当作……、误认……为……

①求助于

②翻到（书的某页）

2. turn to ③变成

④开始工作

⑤把注意力导向……

①[U]毁灭 the ~ of civilization

②[C]常用pl. 废墟、遗址 the ~s of ancient Rome

3. ruin ③ in ruins 成为废墟的、荒芜的

④ bring … to ruin 使……毁灭

⑤ fall in/into ruin = go to ruin 灭亡；荒芜

⑥vt. Heavy smoking ruined his health. ruin oneself

ruin/ destroy/ damage 都含有“破坏、毁灭”的意思，但有区别：

destroy指彻底毁坏不能或很难修复。

damage指价值、用途降低或外表损坏等，不一定全部破坏，损坏了还可以修复。

ruin现在多用于借喻中，泛指一般的“弄坏了”。

remains ①pl. 剩余、残留物；② pl. 遗体、尸首

①link v. 保持，仍然处于(某种状态) = still to be = continue to be = stay

4. remain 后接形容词、名词.、分词、不定式或介词短语等

②vi 剩下 ，还有 ≠ stay

remaining adj.剩下的 the remaining time = the time left

(注意remaining和left的位置变化)

比较：remain / stay

①作连系动词，意为“继续保持某一状态”（continue to be）时，常可互换。

②表示“剩余”、“残存”时，通常只用remain，而不用stay。

③remain暗指呆在原地或保持原来的形状或状态。只能用作不及物动词，故无被动式，不能带宾语。主语可以是人，也可以是物。

④stay指在某地作短暂停留，或逗留在一定的场所。主语通常是人。

be involved in 热衷于、专心于、参与、卷入、牵涉到

5. involve oneself with 和……混在一起、和……有牵连

involve sth. 包含、需要 winning the game involves both skill and fortune.

① = take … away移开

② = take off脱掉

6. remove … from… ③ =get rid of除掉、清除

④ =dismiss… from… 撤职

⑤ =move 搬家

①“环境、情况、条件”，常用pl.

②[U]“状态、状况”，但可与a连用 in good condition ; in a terrible condition

7. condition ③“环境、情况”，其前的介词用under / in

④ on condition that “在……条件下”

in a condition to do sth. 宜于做某事

on no condition 在任何条件下都不

① n. / pron.

8. require + ② sb. to do sth.

③ doing/ to be done

④ 从句 用虚拟语气 (should) + 动词原形

in return (for…) 作为（对……的）回报 / 报答

by return （接信后）立即作复

Many happy returns (of the day)! 祝你长寿！祝你长命百岁！

9. in turn 依次地

by turns 轮流地

take turns to do sth. = take turns at doing sth.轮流做某事

It’s one’s turn to do sth.轮到某人做某事

carry out实施、执行、进行

10. carry on进行、继续。有时可跟动名词

carry on with 继续做（某事）

carry off夺走（奖赏）、带走

①adj. 主要的、重要的、较大的

11. major ②n. 主修科目、主修学生

③vi. 主修 （in +科目）

in memory of

12. = to the memory of为纪念…… （只用于对已故人的怀念）

in honor of

= in one’s honor 为纪念…… （既可用于对已故人的纪念，也可用于对活人的敬意）

goods 货物、商品、财产。（复数形式，无单数形式，不可与数词连用，但可与many，these，those等连用。作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。）

13. possession （pl.）财产；所有物； [U] 持有；具有

wealth [U] 财富

II 重点句型

1. Unfortunately, all the people were buried alive, so was the city.

2. A saying goes that Rome wasn’t built in a day.

(= As the saying goes,)

3. I am very honored and grateful that you have come today.

4. Not only was Rome a city and a republic, but it was also to become the capital of one the largest empires in history.

5. There is another similarity between China and Rome.

【题例精析】

【例1】A large number of students in our school ______from the countryside; the number _______ growing these years. （上海育才2月交流卷）

A. is; has been B. are; has been

C. is; have been D. are; have been

【易错点悟】解答该题的关键是要注意a number of 和the number of 后接名词复数作主语时的主谓一致关系。

【要点精析】a number of意思为“许多”，后接复数名词作主语时，应视为复数，谓语动词要用复数形式； the number of后接复数名词，意思为“……的数量”，表示单数意义，谓语动词要用单数形式。

【答案】B

【例2】-O’Neal works hard.

-So he does. He is often seen _____ heavily before his teammates have even arrived at practice. （2007浙江余杭中学2月卷）

A. to be sweated B. sweated

C. be sweated D. sweating

【易错点悟】解答该题关键是要正确处理好“感觉动词、使役动词”主动形式与被动形式复合结构中动词的选用。

【答案解析】根据句子结构可知，感觉动词see用于被动结构，选项A、C不可以用于这一结构中；选项B为被动意义，不成立；只有选项D(sweating)现在分词与be seen构成复合结构，强调状态。

【答案】D

【单元检测】

单项填空

1. Mr. Wang has been selected ________ chairman of the conference.

A. a B. an

C. the D. /

2. Housework _____ cooking, washing dishes, sweeping and cleaning.

A. involving B. involving in

C. involves D. involves in

3. The emergency ________ that the police should be called at once.

A. insists B. suggests

C. requires D. advises

4. ―Are you very anxious?

―Yes. Ten minutes ________ like an hour when you are waiting for a phone call.

A. seem B. seems

C. do D. does

5. ―What do you think of Peter?

―He is a helpful person. He is always helping people without expecting anything _____.

A. in turn B. in return

C. on his return D. on the turn

6. The refugees (难民)have been fed, clothed and _____ by welfare organizations around the world.

A. stored B. collected

C. housed D. provided

7. ―Why didn’t you join them? You are ________.

―I had to receive an unexpected visitor.

A. wanted to B. wanted to have

C. supposed to D. supposed to have

8. John is the only son of the couple, so it is certain that he will ______ the big business when his father gets old.

A. hand over B. take over

C. go over D. turn over

9. With more forests _______, huge quantities of good earth are being washed away.

A. being destroyed B. destroyed

C. to be destroyed D. destroying

10. Nothing _________ after the terrible fire which had been cause by someone smoking in bed.

A. remained B. left

C. continued D. kept

11. The meeting being over, I found her _____ at the desk and ____ to music.

A. seating; listened B. seated; listened

C. seating; listening D. seated; listening

12. ________ as one, the people of that country eventually drove the invaders out of their country.

A. Linked B. Combined

C. Joined D. United

13. A monument was set up at the centre of Tian’anmen Square _____ those who devoted their lives to our country.

A. in praise of B. in place of

C. in memory of D. in need of

14. Some young people are holding a birthday party next door, and the noise nearly _____ me crazy.

A. let B. get

C. make D. drive

15.－You didn’t get hurt at all in the traffic accident?

－_______. I was a lucky dog.

A. No problem B. I don’t think so

C. I’m afraid not D. Good heavens no

完形填空

One fine evening a man walked into a fast - food chicken place and bought a nine - piece bucket of chicken. He 16 his chicken to the park for a romantic picnic under the moonlight with his 17 .

Upon reaching into the 18 , however, he received a 19 . Instead of chicken he discovered nine thousand dollars! The young man 20 the bucket back to the store and asked for his 21 exchange for the money. The manager, 22 by the young man’s honesty, asked for his name and told him he wanted to call the 23 and the local news station to do a morality (道德说教) that would 24 others.

“My date’s waiting, I just want my chicken,” the hungry man refused.

The manager was deeply struck by the young man’s humility (谦虚). He 25 to be allowed to tell the story on the news. At this the honest man became 26 with the manager and demanded his chicken. “You are an honest man in a (an) 27 world! This is a perfect opportunity to show the world that there are honest people 28 willing to take a stand for what is right. Please, give me your 29 and also the woman’s name. Is that your wife?”

“That’s the 30 ,”said the young man. “My wife is at home. The woman in the car is my girlfriend. Now let me have my chicken 31 I can get out of here.”

It’s 32 to look good to people who don’t 33 you. Many of us do a good deed here and there, and everyone 34 we’re something that we are not. But God sees your heart. It really doesn’t matter how much you 35 or what other people think of you. What matters is what’s on the inside.

16. A. took B. ate C. carried D. sent

17. A. sister B. wife C. friend D. lady

18. A. park B. car C. pocket D. bucket

19. A. love B. welcome C. surprise D. pleasure

20. A. returned B. brought C. got D. lifted

21. A. money B. right C. change D. chicken

22. A. moved B. encouraged C. surprised D. delighted

23. A. newspaper B. people C. government D. public

24. A. please B. desire C. inspire D. interest

25. A. asked B. begged C. needed D. required

26. A. glad B. calm C. angry D. silent

27. A. dishonest B. honest C. lovely D. peaceful

28. A. never B. even C. yet D. still

29. A. address B. name C. chicken D. opinion

30. A. problem B. difficulty C. astonishment D. excitement

31 .A. but B. so C. for D. as

32. A. difficult B. good C. easy D. pleasant

33. A. know B. love C. realize D. understand

34. A. finds B. says C. thinks D. insists

35. A. get B. do C. pay D. receive

阅读理解

(A)

If you’re the type of traveler who just wants a suitable place to hang your hat and you don’t want to spend a fortune to do it, here are several ways to save on your next hotel room:

*Be Flexible Hotel rates are based on supply and demand, so be aware of peak periods. If your destination’s high season is from December through April and you’re trying to book near the end of April, you might find considerable savings if you change your travel dates by a week or two.

*Check Hotel Web Sites The large travel-booking Web sites often sell rooms from the middlemen who have bought up empty hotel moms. But the major hotel chains also offer last-minute discounts, and because they’re not paying the middleman, they sometimes have better deals than the travel sites.

*Don’t be Afraid to Bargain Most people are so intimidated (畏缩的) by know-it-all hotel desk clerks that they don’t bargain for a better deal. But bargaining for a better deal is often worth the trouble, because most hotel general managers would prefer having a customer paying a lower-than-usual rate to no customer at all. And if you find something unfair on your hotel bill, don’t be afraid to complain. To keep your goodwill, hotels will often reduce or cancel such charges.

*Avoid Hidden Costs Expensive little extras hotels never mention can increase the cost of your stay. Don’t let this happen. Find out about resort fees, fees for parking and Internet use before you agree to stay. And don’t touch the hotel’s phone unless you absolutely have to - the rates can be more than $2 a minute even inside the United States.

36. According to the passage, which of the following will save you some money?

A. Change your visiting places in high season.

B. Book rooms through Web sites.

C. Use the hotel’s phone.

D. Bargain with desk clerks for your room,

37. That travelers can bargain for better deal is often based on the fact that _______.

A. managers often prefer a lower-paid customer to no customer

B. there are many places which should not be charged

C. customers are often afraid to complain the price

D. the desk clerks and managers often cheat the travelers

38. The passage was mainly written to ________.

A. advertise hotels B. complain high costs

C. serve the travelers D. introduce hotel services

(B)

Children who spend more time reading with their parents have a greater chance of becoming better readers than those who don’t. With help from their parents, children can learn techniques to improve their reading skills.

“A lot of parents think after their child learns to read, they should stop reading to them,” Donna George said. “They are sadly mistaken.”

George offers her services to parents at the Title I Learning Centers. She said reading aloud to children may be the most valuable thing parents can do. “It is better for children to hear things at a higher level than where they are,” George said. “Parents are their child’s first teacher.” Parents help their children build listening, phonics, comprehension and vocabulary skills when they read aloud to them.

Before parents can identify reading problems, they should escape the enemy-television and limit the time their children spend watching television. George suggested not allowing kids to have a TV in their bedrooms, setting a schedule of when kids can watch or keeping a list of how many programs children watch. Louise Joines said while her 14-year-old daughter and 10-year-old son enjoy reading, the television sometimes becomes a distraction. So she tries to build the situation by suggesting books the entire family will enjoy reading together, like the Harry Potter series.

Parents who do not read themselves should not count on their children being enthusiastic about it. If parents would read to their children at least 15 minutes every day, children would not have so many problems in school. It is the patents’ job to help build that desire in their children, and of course to know what kind of books to read is also important.

39. According to George, reading aloud to children ________.

A. help them correct mistakes

B. is helpful to their reading

C. is parents’ first duty to their children

D. can get children out of television’s attraction

40. The underlined word (in Paragraph 4 ) means something that __________.

A. can improve children’s reading

B. can help children’s right way of reading

C. can make children interested in reading

D. can make children not attentive

41. What does the fourth paragraph mainly want to show is important?

A. reading skills B. reading speed

C. feeding materials D. reading environment

42. If the passage is not completed, which of the following can follow the fifth paragraph?

A. Parents choose reading materials for their children.

B. Advice is given to control their children.

C. What TV programs children can watch during reading.

D. How children improve their reading by themselves.

43. Which one would be the best title for the passage?

A. Children Spend More Time Reading with Parents.

B. Parents Are Their Child’s First Teacher.

C. How Parents Make Their Child a Better Render.

D. How to Improve Children’s Reading Ability.

对话填空

A= a passer-by B = a native

A: (44) E______ me, could you tell me which bus I can take to the Wang Fu Jing Department Store?

B: Just take the No. 1 bus going in that (45) d______ (pointing) and get off at the Wang Fu Jing Stop. Walk a few (46) s________ to the corner and turn left. Keep on (47) g________ until you come to a tall cream-colored building. That’s the Wang Fu Jing Department Store. There are usually a lot of cars (48) p_______ in front of it.

A: Thank you. And where is the No. 1 bus stop?

B: (pointing) It’s over there.

A: How many (49) s_____ are there from here to Wang Fu Jing?

B: Only one.

A: In that case, I’d rather walk.

B: It’s about a twenty-five (50) m_____ walk. I think you must know the Beijing Hotel when you see it.

A: Yes, I do. It’s on the (51) l____________ side of the street.

B: That’s right. You walk (52) p_______ the Hotel and turn left at the (53) c________. Keep on walking and you’ll get to the Department Store.

A: Thank you.

B: You’re welcome.

(44)_________

(45) _________

(46) _________

(47) _________

(48) _________

(49) _________

(50) _________

(51) _________

(52) _________

(53) _________

书面表达

最近，你班就“考试”这一话题举行了一次讨论会。请根据以下信息，用英语写一篇短文，叙述大家对考试的看法。

考试非常重要 可以通过考试了解自己的学习效果，把成绩作为努力的动力。

考试并不能说明什么 1. 有人得高分就兴高采烈,考试不及格就情绪低落。2. 有的为了取得好成绩,甚至不参加任何课外活动。3. 如果没有考试，大家就不必为此担心，还可以选 择自己喜欢的科目，多参加课外活动，在社会实践中学习更多的东西。

你对考试的看法 1.考试是必要的,但应该进行适当的改革。

………………

1. 短文必须包括所有要点。

2. 词数：120左右。

3. 参考词汇：改革reform ； 课外活动 extra-curricular activities

4. 文章的第一句已为你写好，不计入总词数：Some students think that it is very important to have an exam.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【答案解析】

【单项填空】

1．D。表示头衔职务地名词作宾语、补语及同位语时（有时放在as之后），一般不用冠词。

2．C。involve在这里意为“包括、包含”。

3．C。require意为“要求”，引导宾语从句时用虚拟语气。

4．B。表示时间、距离、金额数量等的名词作为一个整体作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式。

5．B。B。in turn意为“依次”。in return意为“作为回报”。on his return意为“他一回来”。D无此用法。

6．C。house在此句中为动词，意为“给（某人）提供住所”。根据题意，其他选项均不符合。

7．D。此题考查be supposed to的用法。因为此事是已过去的事情，故用不定式的完成式。应选D。

8．B。hand over意为“移交、交出”。take over意为“接管”。go over意为“复习、仔细检查”。turn over意为“移交给、翻身”。

9．A。根据后面暗示动作正在进行，more forests 与destroy之间构成逻辑上的被动关系且动作正在进行。故选A项。

10．A。remain意为“剩下、留下”，是不及物动词。leave是及物动词，若用被动形式也对。

11．D。seat是动词，意为“使……坐下”，常用被动形式，或后接反身代词构成seat oneself。

12．D。link指将人或物连接或联系起来。combine意为“结合、联合”，指为了一目的而把两个以上的事物联系起来。unite意为“联合、团结一致”。

13．C。in praise of“赞美、赞扬”。in place of“代替”。in memory of“纪念”。in need of“需要”。

14．D。drive sb. crazy意为“使某人发疯”，是习惯搭配。

15． D。Good heavens意为“天哪”。常用于表示“惊讶，谴责或宽慰”，no相当于I don’t get hurt。“No problem”。意为“没关系，没问题”，用于安慰对方。I don’t think so 意为“我不这么认为”。当我们不同意对方观点或看法时，则使用本句。另一常听到的语句 I’m afraid not。也具有相近的表达意味，但语气比I don’t think so。更为委婉。

【完形填空】

16．A。“把…带到…去” 用take sth. to …来表示。carry无方向性；send意为“寄去”，都不符合题意

17．D。从第二段可知，不是他妻子；从romantic picnic可知，只能是他的lady

18．D。“当把手伸进bucket的时候”

19．C。因为买的chicken成了dollars，所以应是“吃惊”(surprise)

20．B。年轻人把bucket带回(brought)了商店

21．D。

22．A。被年轻人的诚实所感动。（moved）

23．A。经理想通过报纸(newspaper)，电台来进行道德教育，从而，鼓励(inspire)他人要诚实

24．C。

25．B。经理恳请(begged)，宣传此事

26．C。经理的好意，这年轻人并不领情，他只是急于要chicken，然后去见他的lady。这时他很生气(angry)。

27．A。“在当今这个不诚实的(dishonest)世界上，这是一个很好的机会向世人展示，仍然(still)有人主张要诚实。

28．D。still 表示仍然，进一步说明前面的honest people

29．B。name 和后面的name 一致

30．A。年轻人去约会的是他的(girlfriend)，而不是他的(wife)，现在经理让他留下他及他妻子的名字，不是等于把他和他girlfriend的事公布于众吗？对这年轻人来说，当然是一个 problem。

31．B。so表示这样，

32．C。easy 表示向不认识的人展示好的一面是很容易的

33．A。know表示认识

34．C。know表示知道

35．B。最后一段作者通过上面的事例，谈了一点自己的想法。

【阅读理解】

36．D。文章的第一条建议并没有提到更改地方会省钱，因此A项不对：由第二条建议可知，通过网站买票并不一定能够省钱，因此B项不对；由最后一条建议可知旅店的电话费有时是很贵的，因此C项不对；而由第三条建议可知，D项是正确的。

37．A。由文章的第三条建议可知，之所以旅客能够与旅店进行讨价还价是因为他们往往宁愿旅客交低费也不愿房间空着没有人住。

38．C。由文章的第一段可知，本篇文章主要是介绍如何降低旅店住宿费用的方法。因此C项最佳。

B篇属于社会教育类文章。本文主要是介绍父母给孩子读书的重要性，父母给孩子读书有利于孩子的阅读水平的提高。

39．B。由文章的第三段可知。选项A、C没有提到；D项的表述不符合原文。

40．D。既然本段第一句就说电视是阅读的敌人，以及后面对电视的限制，因此可以知道电视不利于读书，所以选D。

41．D。本段主要是讲了电视对孩子的阅读会产生不好的影响，常常读书的环境没有电视或者电视关掉，这些都属于阅读环境的内容，因此D项正确。

42．A。文章的最后一段的最后一句“of course to know what kind of books to read is also important”暗示了后面应该涉及到孩子应该读什么样的书。因此，A项正确。

43．C。本篇文章主要是说明父母给孩子读书的重要性，父母给孩子读书有利于孩子阅读水平的提高。因此C项正确。A项应该是父母多花时间在孩子身上而不是相反；B项与D硬的范围模糊，不能概括文章的主要内容。

【对话填空】

44. Excuse 45. direction 46. steps 47. going 48. parked

49. stops 50. minutes’ 51. left / left-hand 52. part 53. corner

【书面表达】

One possible version:

Some students think that it is very important to have an exam. If so, we know the results of our studies, and the exams also make us study hard.

However, other students don’t think so. They say if they get high marks in the exams, they are very excited. But when they fail, they will be in very low spirits. What’s worse, they don’t usually take part in other extra-curricular activities. If the exams are prohibited, we don’t have to worry about the marks. In that case, we can choose the subjects we like, take part in more activities and learn more through social practice, which will greatly benefit us in the future.

In my opinion, it is. But our exams should be reformed. It should test not only our knowledge, but also our practical abilities.

篇14：高考一轮复习资料江苏牛津英语模块五第 二十 讲(译林牛津版高考复习英语必修五教案教学设计)

模块五 Unit 3 Science versus nature

【考点透视】

I 重点短语

in favor of the proposal / in favor of free trade / in favour of doing sth.

in favor of sb. = in one’s favor

1. favor in favor with sb.

do sb. a favor = do a favor for sb.

do sb. the favor to do sth.

ask sb. a favor = ask a favor of sb.

point out sth.

vi. point out that …..

point at

point to

2. point a point of view

take one’s point.

n. to the point

at the point of

on the point of

3. interfere： interfere in / with sb. / one’s affairs …

praise sb. for sth.

vt. 类似词：punish / reward / scold sb. for (doing) sth.

4. praise praise sb. highly

a praise of sb. / sth.

n. in praise of

sing high praise for……

the intention to do sth. / of doing

uc. without intention / by intention

5. intention by intention / with good intention

vt. intend: intend to do sth. / intend sb. to do sth. / intend sth. for … = sth. be intended for … / intend sth. to do / be / as …

adopted a new method.

6. adopt adopt sb. as sb. / an adopted son / an adoptive father

be adopted from ….

n.：adoption

construct a building / a bridge over the river.

7. construct construct a theory

a well-constructed novel

n.：construction：sth. be under construction

put an end to sth. = bring sth to an end = sth. come to an end

n. make ends meet

in the end / at the end of …

8. end end sth.

v. end up as chairman / end up in prison.

ends up doing sth.

end in = result in；end (up) with

n. do figures / be good at figures； a public figure； have a good figure

figure sth.

9. figure v. I figure that ….

figure out

involve sb. in / with sth.

10. involve an involved problem / be involved in (with) sth.

n. involvement

vt. Sth. cost sb. money / time.

11. cost Sth. cost sb. sth

n. reduce the cost； at the cost of…； at all costs / any cost

urge sb. to do sth.

vt. urge sth. on / upon sb.

urge that…

12. urge n.：an / the urge to do sth.

n.：urgency：a matter of urgency / in time of urgency

adj.：urgent： an urgent call

rather than：= instead of

13. other than = except

or rather = to be more exact

II 重点句型

1. On the one hand, some scientists point out that if …. On the other hand, many people ….

2. While cloning human embryos is illegal in many countries, ….

3. On a personal note, cloning would totally change my life.

4. Most of the time it turns out that humans are not really profiting when …..

【题例精析】

【例1】 Jack almost fell off the cliff, but managed to _____ until help came.

A. keep on B. catch on

C. count on D. hang on

【易错点悟】区分动词短语。

【要点精析】hang on (=hold fast, keep hold)牢牢抓住，抓紧不放：Help! I can't hang on much longer.(救命啊！我支持不住啦。)keep on(doing sth.)继续（做……）；catch on 理解；count on 指望，依赖。

【答案】D

【例2】It was _____ by the railway board that the cost of rail fares would be increased by ten percent. (华中师大附中5月交流卷)

A. noticed B. stated C. suggested D. noted

【易错点悟】辨析近义词。

【要点精析】state此处意为“（=make sth. know, announce）宣布，通告，声明（口头的或书面的）”。如：It is stated that all the accident were killed.(据宣布，事故中全部人员无一幸免。)suggest建议，是表示欲望意义的动词，从句中要用虚拟语气（should +动词原形）。Note(=notice)“注意到”，如：It was noted that the temperature rose during this time.

【答案】B

【单元检测】

单项填空

1. The Internet has brought ________ big changes in the way we work..

A. about B. out C. back D. up

2. - How about eight o’clock outside the cinema?

- That ________ me fine.

A. fits B. meets C. satisfies D. suits

3. Mr. White ________ at 8:30 for the meeting, but he didn’t show up.

A. should have arrived B. should arrive

C. should have had arrived D. should be arriving

4. - I would never come to this restaurant again. The food is terrible!

- _________.

A. Nor am I B. Neither would I

C. Same with me D. So do I

5. I do every single bit of housework ________ my husband Bob just does the dishes now and then.

A. since B. while C. when D. as

6. I’m going to the supermarket this afternoon. Do you have anything ________ ?

A. to be buying B. to buy

C. for buying D. bought

7. - David has made great progress recently.

- _______ and ________.

A. So he has; so you have B. So he has; so have you

C. So has he; so have you D. So has he; so you have

8. __________, she could hardly have any time to play with her little daughter.

A. Busy as she was B. As was she busy

C. was busy she D. As she was busy

9. No matter how much money you have, it can’t ________ a healthy body.

A. match B. fit C. defeat D. compare

10. It’s important for us to employ a word or a phrase according to the _______ in language studies.

A. situation B. expression C. condition D. translation

11. If you _______ finished, I’ll start clearing up.

A. more or less have B. more and less have

C. have more or less D. have more and less

12. - Jack, how did it _______ that you made so many mistakes in your homework?

- I myself haven’t figured it out yet!

A. bring about B. come about

C. occur to D. get down

13. She looks sad. Could you please tell me _______ that prevents her from being as happy as before?

A. it is what B. it is how

C. what it is D. how it is

14. - Have you forgotten ____ a ruler from Wang Ling?

- Oh, yes. But I’ll remember____ it to her tomorrow.

A. borrowing; to return B. borrowing; returning

C. to borrow; to return D. to borrow; returning

15. - You have promised to go, then why haven’t you got ready?

- I ____ you want to go at once.

A. haven’t realized B. didn’t realize

C. don’t realize D. won’t realize

完形填空

If you were to begin a new job tomorrow, you would bring with you some basic strengths and weaknesses. Success or 16 in your work would depend, to 17 great extent, 18 your ability to use your strengths and weaknesses to the best advantage. _19 the utmost importance is your attitude. A person _20 begins a job convinced that he isn’t going to like it or is _21 that he is going to ail is exhibiting a weakness which can only hinder his success. On the other hand, a person who is secure _22_ his belief that he is probably as capable _23 doing the work as anyone else and who is willing to make a cheerful attempt _24 it possesses a certain strength of purpose. The chances are that he will do well. _25 the prerequisite skills for a particular job is strength. Lacking those skills is obviously a weakness. A bookkeeper who can’t add or a carpenter who can’t cut a straight line with a saw _26 hopeless cases. This book has been designed to help you capitalize _27 the strength and overcome the _28 that you bring to the job of learning. But in groups to measure your development, you must first _29 stock of somewhere you stand now. _30 we get further along in the book, we’ll be _31 in some detail with specific processes for developing and strengthening _32 skills. However, _33 begin with, you should pause _34 examine your present strengths and weaknesses in three areas that are critical to your success or failure in school: your _35 , your reading and communication skills, and your study habits.

16. A. improvement B. victory C. failure D. achievement

17. A. a B. the C. some D. certain

18. A. in B. on C. of D. to

19. A. Out of B. Of C. To D. Into

20. A. who B. what C. that D. which

21. A. ensure B. certain C. sure D. surely

22. A. onto B. on C. off D. in

23. A. to B. at C. of D. for

24. A. near B. on C. by D. at

25. A. Have B. Had C. Having D. Had been

26. A. being B. been C. are D. is

27. A. except B. but C. for D. on

28. A. idea B. weakness C. strength D. advantage

29. A. make B. take C. do D. give

30. A. as B. till C. over D. out

31. A. deal B. dealt C. be dealt D. dealing

32. A. learnt B. learned C. learning D. learn

33. A. around B. to C. from D. beside

34. A. to B. onto C. into D. with

35. A. intelligence B. work C. attitude D. weakness

阅读理解

(A)

Have you ever lied to your parents that you came back late from school because you stayed to finish some homework when actually you went to play computer games or have fun with your friends? If students in Taiyuan Yuying High School in Shanxi Province lied in the past, they will not be able to do so in the future.

A smart card, Electronic Identity Card, will be introduced this week at the school. The card, which contains a tiny chip, includes a student’s name, photo and their student number on the face of the card . With this ID, parents will know exactly when their kids arrive and leave the school via(通过) a mobile phone message or an email. “There’s a card reader equipped in each classroom. The system will send the information to students’ parents if they have applied for this service,” explained Kang Jinfeng, a technician in the school. The school hopes the card will make the students safer and better organized.

“The environment around the campus has become busier with lots of things to distract (使分心) students. Some students go to the Internet cafes nearby instead of going home immediately after school. Also, many parents worry about their children’s safety on the way home as there have been lots of student accidents recently,” said Fu Hongyan, headmaster of the school.

Parents and students are eager to see how the new smart card works, for the school is the first one in the province to start the program. “Although I hope my child can manage his time well, this card will help me know more about him,” said Wang Liping, a Senior 3 student’s mother. Apart from information on attendance (出勤), parents will also be informed of their children’s performance, homework comments and examination results. Although parents welcome the move, some students think it will affect their freedom and privacy. “It seems that I am being watched over everywhere and every second. I used to play basketball after school, but now I may have to explain to my parents every day why I get home late. I want to be more independent to deal with my own things,” said Liu Jida, a Senior 3 student . “I would rather that my parents did not know my bad exam results, but the card will tell them everything about my studies,” complained Zhang Xu, a 17-year-old boy.

36. If the parents ______, they can use the information in the card reader.

A. have a mobile B. have a computer

C. have a TV set D. have applied for the service

37. The school will use Electronic Identify card for the sake of ________.

A. money B. the safety of the school

C. the management of the school D. the safety of the students and better organization

38. According to the article , _______ don’t like the new ID.

A. the leaders of the school B. the teachers of the school

C. the parents of the students D. some students

39. We can conclude from the text that there will be ________ students going to the Internet cafes nearby after school .

A. more B. fewer

C. no D. many

(B)

Why you may wonder, should spiders be our friends? Because they destroy so many insects, including some of the greatest enemies of the human race. Insects would make it impossible for us to live in the world; they would devour (吞食) all our crops and kill our cattle, if it were not for the protection we get from insect-eating animals. We owe a lot to the birds and beast who eat insects, but all of them put together kill only a very small amount of the number destroyed by spiders. Moreover, unlike some of the insect eaters, spiders never do the least harm to us or our belongings.

Spiders are not insects, as many people think, nor even nearly related to them. One can tell the difference almost at a glance, for a spider always has eight legs and an insect never more than six.

How many spiders are engaged in the work on our behalf (利益)? One authority（权威人士）on spiders made a research on spiders and found that there were more than 2,250,000 in one acre (英亩); that is something like 6,000,000 spiders of different kinds on a football field. Spiders are busy for at least half the year in killing insects. It is impossible to make more than the wildest guess at how many they kill, but they are hungry creatures, not content with only three meals a day. It has been estimated that the weight of all the insects destroyed by the spiders in Britain in one year would be greater than the total weight of all human beings in the country.

40. Spiders should be our friends, because __________.

A. they only eat harmful insects

B. they are great insect-eating animals

C. they destroy large numbers of insects which do harm to the human race

D. their harmfulness is the least

41. One authority on spiders estimated ________.

A. that there were more than 2,250,000 insects in a grass field in the south of England

B. that every football field in England had 6,000,000 spiders.

C. the quantity of different spiders in England was very big

D. that there were 6,000,000 kinds of spiders on a football field

42. What does the underlined word “content ” mean in the article? It means ________.

A. fed B. supplied

C. disappointed D. satisfied

43. Which one of the following statements is the main idea?

A. Spiders, the greatest insects-eating animals, protect us from being destroyed by harmful insects and they should be our friends

B. Spiders are not insects but in fact animals.

C. There are great numbers of spiders engaged in destroying harmful insects on behalf of the human race.

D. The weight of the insects eaten by spiders in one year is greater than the weight of all people in England

对话填空

Z: I suppose the class size is bigger?

M: That’s for sure, but the students in China are well (44) b_______ and listen carefully, so it’s not a problem. The biggest thing is (45) t_____ the teachers have a different approach in China - here the classes are a mixture of (46) b______ “students-centred learning” and the more traditional “teacher-centred learning”.

Z: In what (47) w______?

M: Well, some of my lessons are like in America: Mr. Dong asks a question or gives us a problem, then we talk about it and (48) t________ to discover an answer ourselves…

Z: Mm, that’s student-centred learning, (49) r_________?

M: Yeah, and other lessons are quite different; more. Well, for example, in some classes the teacher (50) o_____ us the information and goes through the question step by step. Then we do a similar exercise by (51) o______ for homework.

Z: How do you feel about that?

M: (52) A______ I like those lessons because I can make sure I really understand everything.

Z: Yes, providing learners with a strong (53) b______ is one of the strengths of Chinese education.

(44)____________

(45)____________

(46)____________

(47)____________

(48)____________

(49)____________

(50)____________

(51)____________

(52)____________

(53)___________

书面表达

假定你是李华。在最近的一次班会上，你班同学们就“高三学生是否需要吃补品来保持健康”展开了讨论。请根据下表提供的信息用英语写一篇短文，并谈一些你自己的看法，给某英语杂志投稿。

60%的同学认为 40%的同学认为

1．坚持锻炼，无需吃任何补品（tonic）。 1．高三阶段课业繁重，很多同学经常感到疲劳

2．过多摄入补品会增加体重，对健康不利。 2．补品可以帮助恢复精力。

3．价格比较贵。 3．没时间锻炼身体。

你的看法：

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【答案解析】

【单项填空】

1. A。bring about：引起、带来；bring out： 拿出、取出； bring up：抚养大；bring back：拿

回。

2. D。fit：sth. fit sb. / sth.：穿得； suit：sth suit sb.：合意、称心。

3. A。should have done：本该……，表示一个过去应该发生而没有发生的动作。

4. B。第一句是否定句，且用了助动词would。

5. B。while在这里作“而”解释，表示前后两者对比。

6. B。to buy在这里作后制定语，修饰anything，但最好用：to be bought。

7. B。So sb. do / have / be：某人的确如此；So do / have / be sb.：某人也如此。

8. D。选择原因。A. Busy as she was：虽然她忙，主从句矛盾。

9. A。match sb. / sth.：与……相比； compare：compare A with / to B。

10. A。situation：情景； expression：(表达的)词句； condition：情况、条件； translation：翻译。

11. C。more or less：差不多、几乎，是副词，放于助动词之后。

12. B。come about：发生，= happen； bring about：引起、带来；Sth. occur to sb. = Sth. happen to sb.

get down：下来。

13. C。强调句作宾语从句。

14. A。remember / forget doing：记得/忘记做过的事；remember / forget to do：记得/忘记要做……。

15. B。didn’t realize：没料到、没想到、不知道……，讲过去的情况。

【完形填空】

16. C。本句的意思是：成功或失败在很大程度上取决于你是否能扬长避短。improvement改进；victory胜利；achievement成果，成就。这三个词都不合题意，只有选项C最合适。

17. A。to a great extent是固定短语，意思是“很大程度上”，符合题意。类似的说法还有：to a large extent, to some extent, to an extent, to a certain extent, to that extent, to the extent of…。the, some, certain都不能与great extent搭配。

18. B。on与前面的depend构成本句谓语。

19. B。of与名词连用,表示具有某种性质,状态，做表语。置于句首，表示强调。正常语序为：Your attitude is of the utmost importance.

20. A。A person后应当是定语从句,“开始工作的那个人”。

21. C。本句的意思是“如果一个刚刚开始工作的人就深信自己不会喜欢或肯定不适应这项工作，那么阻碍他成功的缺点就暴露出来了。”or后面省略了主语he。ensure保证；certain肯定的，只能用于It做主语的句子里；surely确实地；sure肯定的。

22. D。in one’s belief：相信。其它选项都不能与belief搭配。

23. C。capable of doing是固定搭配，意为“能够干什么”。

24. D。attempt用做名词，后接介词at，意为“试图，努力”；如果后面接介词on，表示攻击的意思。其他两项都不能与attempt搭配。

25. C。本句的意思是“具有某一工作的必要技能是一个优势”此处应填句子的主语，故选动名词having。

26. D。本句主语是A book瞜eeper or carpenter…。根据主谓一致原则，其谓语应当用单数is，而不是复数are。being, been都是分词，应该排除。

27. D。on与前面的capitalize搭配，表示“利用”。做不定式help的补语。其它选项不能与capitalize搭配。

28. B。本句的意思是“克服缺点”,应选weakness(缺点，弱点)。idea观点；strength优点；advantage优势。

29. B。固定短语take stock of，意为“对……估价，对……作出判断”。

30. A。本句的意思是：“随着更深入的阅读”，从语法角度，此处应填关联词。四个选项中，只有as能用做关联词。

31. D。选项A, B, C分别是deal(处理，论述，涉及)的原形，过去分词及被动语态。根据语法和语义，此处应填将来进行时，意思是“随着书中内容的进一步深入，我们将详细论述发展和加强学习技能的具体过程。”

32. C。根据上下文，这里应当指“学习技能”。

33. B。固定短语to begin with，意为“首先，第一”，常用做插入语。

34. A。谓语动词pause后，examine又是动词原形，所以这里应当选to，可构成动词不定式，做目的状语。其余选项都是介词，不合题意。

35. C。本句对全文进行总结概括，与文章的开头相呼应，Of the utmost importance is your attitude故选attitude。

【阅读理解】

36. D。从文章第二节第四行和地五行可知。

37. D。文章第二节最后一句。

38. D。第四节第五行some students think it will affect their freedom and privacy可知答案。

39. B。第三节中可推出答案。

40. C。文章第一节中：We owe a lot to the birds and beast who eat insects, but all of them put together kill only a very small amount of the number destroyed by spiders.

41. C。文章第三节。

42. D。从they are hungry creatures, not content with only three meals a day可知答案。

43. A。综合全文可知。

【对话填空】

44. behave 45. that 46. both 47. way 48. try

49. right 50. offers 51. ourselves 52. Actually 53. basis

【书面表达】

I’m writing to tell about the discussion we’ve had in the recent class meeting about whether Senior 3 students should take a lot of tonics to keep fit.

Opinions are divided on the topic. Sixty percent of the students think it unnecessary to take any tonics. They hold the opinion that taking tonics will cause them to put on weight, which is bad for their health. What’s more, the price of tonics is rather high.

However, forty percent of the students point out that Senior 3 students have a lot more homework to do every day. So many students get tired and tonics can help to refresh themselves. In addition, they can’t afford time to have sports.

Personally, having right food is more important. The best way to stay healthy is to take exercise regularly.

篇15：高考一轮复习资料-江苏牛津英语模块四第 十七 讲(译林牛津版高考复习英语必修四教案教学设计)

模块四 语法专练：情态动词

【考点透视】

从近几年的高考试题来看，情态动词是一大热点。每年单项填空题必考一题，通常从三个方面来考查考生对情态动词的运用：一是情态动词本身所表达的意义，如表示禁止、命令、威胁、许诺等意义；can, may, might, need, shall, should等的用法。二是“情态动词+have done”表示推测。三是情态动词后面省略形式的用法区别，如I could (=I could do），I could have (=I could have done)的区别。

（一）can和could的用法

1．表示能力或客观可能性，还可以表示请求和允许。例如：

Can you finish this work tonight?

一Can I go now? 一Yes，you can.

2．could也可表示请求，是委婉的语气，主要用于疑问句，不可用于肯定句，答语应用can，即could不能用于现在时态的简略答语中。例如：

一Could I come to see you tomorrow?

一Yes，you can. (否定答语可用No，I’m afraid not)。

3．表示惊异、怀疑、不相信的态度。(主要用在否定句、疑问句或惊叹句中)

Can this be true?

4．“can (could) + have + 过去分词”的疑问或否定形式表示对过去发生的行为怀疑或不肯定。例如：

He cannot have been to that town.

（二）may和might的用法

1．表示请求、可以与允许的情况，might比may的语气更加委婉。may的否定式为may not，但表示“不可以、禁止”答意思时常用mustn’t代替may not。例如：

一May I take the book out of the reading-room?

一Yes, you may. (No, you mustn’t. / No, you may not. / No, you’d better not.)

2．“may / might + have + v-ed”结构表示对过去行为的推测，含有“想必、也许会”的意思。

She may／might have missed the train.

（三）must和have to的用法

1．must的否定式有两个：mustn’t表示“禁止”；needn’t/ don’t have to是一般疑问句的否定答复。例如：

一Must we hand in our exercise books today?

一No，you needn’t.

2．“must have done”意思是“过去一定做了”；其否定式“can’t/ mustn’t have done”意思是“(过去)不可能做了”；而“needn’t have done”意思是“(过去)没必要做”。

3．must与have to的区别；二者含义很相似，两者往往可以互换使用，但have to有各种形式，随have的变化而定。must与have to有下列几点不同：

（1）must表示的是说话人的主观看法，而have to则往往强调客观需要。

（2）must一般只表示现在，而have to则有更多的时态形式。

（3）询问对方的意愿时应用must。

（4）表示理论上的论断和自然法则的必然性时，应用must。例如：

We must believe that only socialism can save China.

（四）dare和need的用法

1．need表示“需要”或“必须”，作情态动词时，仅用于否定句或疑问句中，在肯定句中一般用must，have to，ought to或should代替。例如：

―Need I finish the work? ―Yes, you must.

注意：needn’t have done表示“本来不必做某事而实际上做了某事”。

2．dare做情态动词时，主要用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中，一般不用肯定句中。例如：

How dare you say I’m unfair?

3．dare和need常用作实义动词，有时态、人称和数的变化。所不同的是，作实义动词时，在肯定句中，后面通常接带to的不定式，在否定和疑问句中，后面可接带to或不带to的不定式。

（五）shall和should的用法

1．shall常用于第一、第三人称。若用于其他人称时，则表示说话人给对方的“命令、警告、允诺或威胁”。

2．shall用于条约、规章、法令等文件中，表示义务或规定，一般用第三人称，意为“一定”。

3．shall用于if/ when引导的从句中，表示将来的可能性，语气较强，意为“将”。例如：

When I shall see him, I will give him your message.

4．should常表示“惊异、赞叹、不满”等情绪。主语从句中谓语动词要用“should＋动词原形”。

5．should have done意为“应该做而未做”；shouldn’t have done意为“不应该做而做了”。

6．should表示劝告、建议、命令。同义词未ought to。

（六）will和would的用法

1．表示请求、建议等，would比will委婉客气。

2．表示意志、愿望和决心。

3．will be和will have done的结构均表示推测，主要用于第二、三人称。前者表示对目前情况的推测，后者表示对已经完成的动作或事态的推测。

This will be the book you want.

The guests would have arrived by that time.

4．would可表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向。would表过去习惯时used to正式，并没有“现已无此习惯”的含义。

（七）ought to的用法

1．ought to表示应该

2．ought to表示推测

3．ought to have done表示过去应做某事而实际未做。（这时ought to和should可以互换）

（八）used to，had better，would rather的用法

1．used to表示过去的习惯动作或状态，现在已不存在，在间接引语中，其形式可不变。在疑问句、否定句、否定疑问句或强调句中，可有两种形式。如：

Did you use to go to the same school as your brother?

Used you to go to the same school as your brother?

I usedn’t to go there.

I didn’t use to go there.

She used to be very fat, didn’t she? / use(d)n’t she?

2．had better意为“最好”，后接不带to的不定式。

3．would rather意为“宁愿”，后接不带to的不定式。由于would rather表示选择，因而后可接than。如：

I would rather work on a farm than in a factory.

I would rather watch TV than go to see the film.

I would rather lose a dozen cherry trees than you should tell me one lie.

【题例精析】

【例1】 -Didn’t they come to the party last week?

-Yes. They didn’t want to come with us at first, but then we ____ persuade them.

A. would B. could

C. were able to D. had to

【易错点悟】解答该题的关键在于区别can 与be able to 表示“能力”的用法。

【要点精析】根据上下文语境及讲话人语气，选项动作表示经过努力才完成的。在这种语气的肯定句和疑问句中，常用be able to，在否定句中可用can。

【答案】C

【例2】 You ____ pay too much attention to your reading skill, as it is so important. （北京四中交流卷）

A. can’t B. should

C. must D. needn’t

【易错点悟】解答该题的关键是对“can’t...too...”固定短语的理解。

【要点精析】根据句子意义：无论怎么注意你的阅读技巧都不过分。同时句中由于有了too...to结构，只有can’t可以与它构成固定短语，有此含义。其它选项无此意。

【答案】A

【专项检测】

1. I promised to get there before 5 o’clock, but now the rain is pouring down. They ______ for me impatiently.

A. may wait B. ought to wait

C. could wait D. must be waiting

2. He was very brave. Even though she’d hurt her leg, she ________ go back alone.

A. could B. might

C. have to D. was able to

3. You ________ pay too much attention to your reading skill, as it is so important.

A. cannot B. should

C. must D. needn’t

4. I’ve tried several times, but the car just _______.

A. doesn’t start B. wouldn’t start

C. won’t start D. didn’t start

5. Always the old lady ______ sit for hours doing nothing at all.

A. was used to B. would

C. used to D. should

6. There used to be a small school,___________?

A. was there B. wasn’t it

C. usedn’t there D. usedn’t it

7. Our house is on the top of the hill, so in summer the wind _____ be pretty cold.

A. must B. can

C. ought to D. need

8. Haven’t I told you that you __________ have the answer tomorrow morning?

A. will B. shall

C. should D. would

9. I’m surprised that he _______ in the match.

A. should fail B. should have failed

C. would have failed D. may have failed

10. Better go to see my sick colleague right now, ________I?

A. hadn’t B. didn’t

C. don’t D. won’t

11. Sir, you ______ be hunting deer here, for they are preserved by the government.

A. oughtn’t to B. can’t

C. won’t D. needn’t

12. Sorry I’m late. I ______ have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.

A. might B. should

C. can D. will

13. - There were already five people in the car, but they managed to take me as well.

- It __________ a comfortable journey.

A. can’t B. shouldn’t be

C. must have been D. couldn’t have been

14. To be on the safe side, we should fill up the tank now, because we ______ run out of gas on the way.

A. can B. would

C. might D. should

15. ____ three people who travel together, there _____ be at least one who ____ be my teacher.

A. Between; can; will B. In; should; could

C. Among; will; may D. Of; must; can

16. -Could you lend me that book you ______ me about when I telephoned you?

-No, I am sorry, I can’t. I gave it to a friend.

A. were telling B. would tell

C. had told D. had been telling

17. -We need a person badly to think up such an idea.

-_______ the new comer have a try?

A. Shall B. May

C. Should D. Need

18. We ________ so tired. We’ve only been to a party.

A. mustn’t have felt B. wouldn’t have felt

C. shouldn’t have felt D. couldn’t have felt

19. Professor Smith, many students want to see you. __________ they wait here or outside?

A. Do B. Shall

C. Will D. Would

20. -How about paying a visit to Mr. Richardson, our former history teacher?

-Good idea. I will e-mail him today so he _____know _________ to expect us.

A. shall; why B. may; when

C. would; why D. will; how

21. -I went to work on foot yesterday, though it _________ cats and dogs.

-You __________ by bus. It was likely to get a cold.

A. is raining; must have gone B. rained; would go

C. was mining; should have gone D. have rained; could have gone

22. You ______ pay too much attention to your reading skill, as it is so important.

A. cannot B. should

C. must D. needn’t

23. I told Sally to fix him up with this job, but perhaps I _________ it out for her.

A. had to write B. must have written

C. should have written D. ought to write

24. My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon, so he ________ your lecture.

A. couldn’t have attended B. needn’t have attended

C. mustn’t have attended D. shouldn’t have attended

25. Research findings show we spend about two hours dreaming every night, no matter what we ________ during the day.

A. should have done B. would have done

C. may have done D. must have done

26. -Is there any flight to Tokyo today?

- I think there _____, for the weather is too bad.

A. mustn’t be B. mightn’t be

C. needn’t be D. can’t be

27. -I’m told that John had another car accident this morning.

- I believe not. He _____ so careless.

A. shouldn’t have been B. wouldn’t have been

C. couldn’t have been D. mustn’t have been

28. It was playing computer games that cost the boy a lot of time that he __________ doing his lessons.

A. might have spent B. ought to have spent

C. must have spent D. could have spent

29. -I didn’t know you were good friends.

-You _______. I have known her since she moved here. You were studying abroad then.

A. may have B. needn’t have

C. couldn’t have D. must have

30. They must have finished the work by the end of last month, __________?

A. mustn’t they B. haven’t they

C. hadn’t they D. didn’t they

31. -I didn’t see her yesterday.

- Of course, you _____, because he had gone for a trip.

A. can’t B. may not have

C. can’t have D. mustn’t have

32. You ________ phone him if you want to, but you _________. He is sure to phone you.

A. may; mustn’t B. have to; needn’t

C. can; doesn’t need D. can; needn’t

33. - She must have gone back to the valley.

- ______, she _____ have. The entrance to it was nowhere to be found.

A. No; mustn’t B. Yes; might

C. Yes; could D. No; couldn’t

34. He _____ full marks, but he was so careless as to make a spelling mistake.

A. must have gained B. can have gained

C. could have gained D. must gain

35. From what you said, she _____ you about it.

A. mustn’t have told B. can’t have told

C. mustn’t tell D. can’t tell

36. - You ought to have made an apology to Tom yesterday evening.

- Yes, I know I _________.

A. ought to B. have to

C. should have D. must have

37. -Is there a fog in the evening?

-There _______ be. I’ll make a phone call to find it out.

A. must B. would

C. will D. might

38. - _______ he help you with the problem?

-Well, though it is very hard, __________ I’ll do what I can to work it out.

A. Shall; but B. Can; and

C. Must; however D. Will; still

39. -How is that, Joan?

-Yeah, it’s from the boss. She _________ first, whether she likes it.

A. shall go B. ought to have gone

C. should go D. must have gone

40. -Would you like to watch the video, in which you can see foreigners making jiaoji during the Spring Festival?

-Sure, it ______ be very interesting.

A. should B. may

C. can D. will

41. -The door was open.

-It _________ open. I had locked it myself and the key was in my pocket.

A. can not be B. must not be

C. can not have been D. must not have been

42. -Where ________ Margaret have put the empty bottles?

-She ________ them away. They must be somewhere.

A. can; can’t have thrown B. must; needn’t

C. must; must have thrown D. cant; must throw

43. -Mum, I climbed to get the Teddy Bear from the top of the shelf.

-My goodness! You _______ yourself. You ______ do that next time.

A. must have hurt; mustn’t B. should have hurt; can’t

C. may have hurt; mustn’t D. might have hurt; won’t be able to

44. -Shall I go and buy more food and drinks for the party?

-No, we have prepared a fridge of those. That _______ be quite enough.

A. can B. may

C. might D. ought to

45. -Hurry up, Michael! It’s ten to three.

-Goodness me! The class_______. I’ll be late again.

A. must begin B. may begin

C. should have begun D. must have begun

46. When he was there, he ____ go to that coffee shop at the street comer after work every day.

A. would B. should

C. had better D. might

47. -I hear you have written a novel.

-Yes, the book ________ be out in a month or so.

A. can B. dare

C. should D. need

48. -How could I thank you enough?

-Don’t mention it. Any other man _________ that.

A. must do B. could do

C. would have done D. should have done

49. -Why aren’t they here yet?

-They ________ the bus.

A. can have missed B. must be late for

C. may have missed D. might be late for

50. Mike _______ come to see me I don’t want to go out in case he comes.

A. can B. must

C. may D. will

51. The thief ________ in from the kitchen window as the door was closed.

A. may climb B. must have climbed

C. could have climbed D. should have climbed

52. -You didn’t invite Bill?

- __________ him too?

A. Must I invite B. Must I have invited

C. Should I invite D. Should I have invited

53. -Why didn’t you attend the lecture yesterday?

-I didn’t think that we _______ on Sundays.

A. should B. ought to have

C. shouldn’t have D. will have to

54. It’s said that there are plenty of hotels in that town. There ______ be any difficulty for you to find somewhere to stay.

A. wouldn’t B. mustn’t

C. shouldn’t D. needn’t

55. -Would you be here to attend the English party this evening?

-Yes, we _________.

A. shall B. would

C. will D. must

56. On Sundays when I was a child, Father and I _______ get up early and go fishing.

A. could B. would

C. might D. should

57. -You’d better keep quiet in class.

-Sometimes I ________ Yesterday, I was very quiet during my English class.

A. would B. do

C. did D. have

58. I lived with my sister this summer and didn’t have to pay rent. So I ______ save most of my salary.

A. could B. would

C. was able to D. should

59. -Look, John’s fallen asleep.

- Oh, he _______ too late last night.

A. might sit up B. should have sat up

C. could sit up D. must have sat up

60. -I posted the letter a week ago.

-Then they __________ the letter by now. It usually takes four days.

A. can have received B. must receive

C. should receive D. ought to have received

61. He used to teach in that university and I _________ ride past it on my way to work.

A. would B. could

C. should D. might

62. -So you have to leave now.

-Yes, I __________.

-How nice it would be if you could stay a bit longer!

A. have to B. ought to

C. do D. have

63. He _______ Shanghai, for I saw him talking with the headmaster a moment ago.

A. must have gone to B. can’t have gone to

C. mustn’t have been to D. can’t have been to

64. From what I learn about their hotel, the service and the weather, they _____ their holiday very much.

A. wouldn’t have enjoyed B. shouldn’t have enjoyed

C. needn’t have enjoyed D. can’t have enjoyed

65. It is not like Jack to be unfriendly, so he _________ you when you called.

A. can’t have seen B. should not have seen

C. must not have seen D. need not have seen

66. -Many people in England love to give advice on weather reporting.

-Yes, but I think the weather office’s computers _________ be more accurate.

A. can B. must

C. ought to D. might

67. -The farmers lived near the high way.

-________ very noisy.

A. It must have been B. They must be

C. That might be D. There must be

68. She is too slow. She ________ pass the test, but she __________ too little.

A. would; knew B. will; knows

C. would; knows D. will; knew

69. -Mary didn’t turn up last time, did she?

-No. She_________. We had changed our plan.

A. shouldn’t have come B. needn’t have to come

C. didn’t need to come D. needn’t have come

70. -They haven’t finished the work up to now.

-Well, they________.

A. should B. should have

C. would D. must have

71. -Shall I go and buy more fruit for the party?

-No, I have already bought 3 baskets. That _________ be enough.

A. can B. ought to

C. may D. might

72. -Why hasn’t the speaker turned up?

-He _________ the flight. I’ll find it out at once.

A. must have missed B. might have missed

C. would have missed D. could have missed

73. I _______ pay Tom a visit, but I am not sure whether I will have time this Sunday.

A. should B. might

C. would D. could

74. -Who is the girl standing over there?

- Well, if you _____ know, her name is Mabel.

A. may B. can

C. must D. shall

75. It has been announced that candidates (考生)________ remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected.

A. can B. will

C. may D. shall

【答案解析】

1．D。must表示推测。根据句意：他们一定正在等我们。所以用must be waiting。

2．D。由even though可知该题意为：她很勇敢，尽管她腿受了伤，她仍然设法独自回家了。而be able to= manage to，有克服困难设法成功之意。

3．A。cannot / can not / never … too/ enough是一固定搭配，表示“越……越好”、“再……也不过分”。

4．C。考查情态动词will的用法。will表示意志、意愿和决心。

5．B。used to和would都有“过去常常”之意，但used to有今昔对比之意，现在再也不这样了。而would无此用法。

6．C。解此题的关键：一、掌握反意疑问句的基本构成，即“前肯后否，前否后肯”。二、了解used to构成的反意疑问句有两种 （didn’t和usedn’t或usen’t）。三、知道there构成的反意疑问句可由there直接构成，而不用it，所以选择C。

7．B。can作为情态动词，它有一特殊用法，即：表示“有时会”= is sometimes等一般情况。句意为：我们家住山顶，所以有时夏天风会很大。

8．B。shall用于第一、三人称疑问句时表示征求对方意见或指示。二、三人称表示说话人的命令、警告、允诺或威胁。

9．B。should意为“竟然”。should have done意为“竟然做了某事”。句意：我很惊讶，他竟然比赛输了。

10．A。had better是一特殊情态动词，它可以写成better，但无论是had better，还是better，其反意疑问句均由had引导。此外，还遵循“前肯后否”的原则。故选A。

11．A。此题考查情态动词ought to的特殊用法。它有表示“道德法律上的必须”之意。此句意为：“先生，您不能在这捕鹿，它们是国家保护动物”。can’t虽有“不能、不准”之意，但它不表示“法律上的不准，道义上的不能”之意，所以排除B。oughtn’t to相当于shouldn’t，但前者语气更为强烈。won’t表示“不愿、不能”，故排除。needn’t表“不必”，不符合题意。因此排除D。

12．A。can不能用于肯定句中表示推测；will表将来或意愿；should have done意为“本应该……却未……”。句子表达的是一种对过去的猜测，但可能性不大。

13．D。因对话是对过去事情的推测，所以不能选择A和B。从上句意义可知：已坐了5个人的小车里再挤一个人一定不是舒服的旅行。答案为D。

14．C。表示对未来可能出现的一种事实的推测，但不是很肯定。

15．D。谚语：“三人行，必有我师”。

16．A。本句意为“你能把那本我给你打电话时你提到的那本书借给我吗?”，用过去进行时表示对过去情节，场面的描述。

17．A。shall用于第一、第三人称表示请求允许，“让这个新来者试试好吗?”

18．C。“我们本不该觉得这么累，我们只是参加了个聚会嘛”。have been to是已发生的事实，“本不该”也是已经存在的状况。shouldn’t have felt是对已存在的情况的虚拟。shouldn’t“(照常理)本不应该”。

19．B。shall用于第三人称表示征求许可。

20．B。第一句表示要“拜访Mr Richardson”；第二个人因此说我给他发个电子邮件“so (that) he may know”以便于他可以知道“什么时候接我们(期待我们到达)”故选B。

21．C。说话人在主句中使用了过去时态，因此，用来修饰从句的让步状语从句就必定是过去时态，这样，就排除了A、D项。should have done表示的是责备对方应该做某事而没有做，上句已经说明是走路而不是乘车，这样，就把可would go排除了。

22．A。cannot / can not / never … too / enough是一固定搭配，表示“越……越好”、“再……也不过分”。

23．C。should have done意为“本该干某事”。must have done 意为“准是做了”，不合题意。

24．A。couldn’t have done表示对过去情况的推测，“过去不大可能发生某事”。B项表示本不必做某事而实际上却已做了。C项形式错。D项含有责备批评意味，用于肯定句表示在某时间之前应该完成的事而没完成，用于否定句表示本不该做的事却做了。

25．C。根据句意：研究结果表明我们每天都会有2小时在做梦，不管我们白天做了什么。空格处应是表示对白天所做的事情的不肯定的推测。故选C。

25．D。对现在所发生的事情的否定推测。

27．C。对过去发生的事情的否定推测。句意：-有人告诉我John今天上午又出车祸了。-我不相信。他不可能那么粗心的。couldn’t have done意为“不可能做了……”。

28．B。句意：就是玩电脑游戏浪费了这个小男孩很多时间，其实他本应当把时间化在学业上的。ought to have done含有责备批评之意。故答案为B。

29．C。根据此对话的语境，此空应是“你不可能知道，你当时正在国外读书呢”。you couldn’t have是you couldn’t have known we were friends的简略形式。该句式表示对过去有把握的否定推测。A项表示“也许知道”；B项表示 “没必要知道”；D项表示“一定知道”。均不合题意。

30．C。前句是must have +过去分词时，若前句强调对过去情况的推测（一般都有过去时间状语），疑问部分的谓语动词用didn’t + 主语；若前句强调动作的完成，疑问部分的谓语动词用haven’t/ hasn’t +主语。根据题意，by the end of last month（到上月底为止），表示动作的完成。

31．C。can’t have done 表示对过去发生的行为不肯定。

32．D。考查情态动词的用法。can表“可以”，needn’t表“不必”。

33．D。句意：- 她一定回到峡谷了。 -不，不可能的。峡谷口找不到的。must have done的否定形式应是：can’t / couldn’t have done。

34．C。could have done意为“本来可以干某事”。

35．B。can’t have done表示对过去发生的行为的不肯定推测，意为“不可能干过某事”。

36．C。因为题目中由ought to， 其表示过去动作的have在省略回答时不能舍弃。

37．D。might表示把握性小的判断，意为“也许”。从第二句话说话人要打电话查明，说明他不太清楚，所以用might。must表示有把握的推测．would和will表示推测时把握性仅决于must，意为“大概是……”。

38．D。A、B项因为第二空有并列连词，排除，C项第一空意思不对，排除；D项第一空表示“将来”的时间，第二空表示“转折”的含义。

39．A。shall用于第二、三人称。表示意图、意志、允诺、命令、命运或必然结果等，此处表示必然结果“她必须先去”。因为后面的从句说明了这种情况：“不管她是不是喜欢”，说明不由她个人决定。选项C表达不了这种意思。

40．A。should用于情态动词时可以表示“应该会……，一定……吧”。外国人善于做饺子，他们做饺子的情形一定会很有趣。may只是用于不太确定的推测，不足以表达文中的含义can通常情况下用于疑问句和否定句的推测；will表示将来的情况，而外国人做饺子有趣是一般情况下都会发生的事情。

41．C。应该注意上句时态是was，“当时门是开着的”。对过去的事件的否定推测用can not have been。

42．A。must表猜测时，只用于肯定句，而依据They must be somewhere可以判断答案。

43．C。mustn’t表示“禁止”“绝对不可能”，must表示猜测时，语气比may更加肯定。

44．D。ought to可以表示“根据外界的事实或条件做出判断”。can用于推测时常出现在否定句或疑问句中；may和might表示推测的不确定性。

45．D。根据语境，表示有把握的推测，“一定开始上课了”。must + 动词原形是对现在情况推测，must + have done表示对过去或已发生的情况的推测，may表示把握性较小的推测。should表示预期，“应该会，一定会……吧”。

46．A。would在这里的意思是“过去经常做某事”，符合语境，而B、C、D均无法使此句合理通顺。

47．C。should do的意思是“应该会……，-定……吧”，表示“预期”。

48．C。根据语境，是对过去了的事情表示感谢。情态动词 + have done，表示过去。would意为“会，将”。

49．C。根据上下文，他们还没到这里的原因有可能是他们错过了汽车。错过汽车，没按时到一定是一个过去的动作，所以排除B、D项。can表示推测时常用于否定句和疑问句中。故C项是最佳答案。

50．C。may在此表示对将来的事实进行猜测。

51．B。该句表示对过去的事实进行猜测，用C、D项含义均不对。

52．D。问句中使用了过去时态，说明动作发生在“过去”；A、C项表示“现在”或者“将来”，排除。must不能和完成时一起用于疑问句，排除。这里should have done表示应该做某事而没有做，带有批评的口气。

53．A。此句应该用情态动词的省略形式，根据意思应用should。

54．C。wouldn’t表“不会”，一般用在过去时态；mustn’t表“一定不可以，千万不要”；shouldn’t表“应该不会”；needn’t表“没必要”。

55．C。首先排除B、D，B表示一种委婉，此时没必要，D项must语气不对。shall表单纯的将来，而will更好，表示我们将来愿意去。

56．B。“would”表示一种经常性动作，相当于“used to do”，但意思不完全相同。

57．B。do这一助动词既指代了上文的“keep quiet in class”，又表强调，由于此题设置的是通常状态下，故选do，如果用来指过去的动作，则用did。

58．C。would表“会”，should为“应该”，题中could和was able to表“能够”，符合题意。could为天生所能达到的，而was able to是经努力所能达到的，因此符合“省钱”语境。

59．D。译为：-看！约翰睡着了。-他一定是昨天晚上熬夜熬得大晚了。must表示有根据的，较为肯定的推测。

60．D。从by now看应该是完成时态，排除B、C，从It usually takes four days看，应是ought to“应该”，选D。

61．A。would表示过去某一段时间一直重复做的事情。

62．A。have to表示由于客观原因“不得不”，不能分开；ought to等于should，表示“应该”，do在此句中不能用，不能代替have to。

63．B。can’t have done表示对过去情况的一种比较有把握的判断。根据下半句：因为一会儿时间前我看见他正和校长谈话可判断：他不可能去了上海。

64．D。can’t have done表示对过去的行为动作的否定，从上文来看“根据我所了解的情况，他们不可能这个假期很快乐”，A项表示“可能已经，该已”，B项表示“过去该做而未做”，C项表示“本来不需做而实际上做了”。

65．A。can’t have done表示对过去事实的推测，意为“肯定没有……”。should not have done表示不该做而做了；need not have done表示没必要做而做了；只有must have done，无mustn’t have done形式，mustn’t表禁止。根据句意“不像是Jack不友好”，下句是表推测的，“所以肯定是当你喊他时他没看到你”。

66．C。此题考查的是情态动词的用法。can是 “可以、可能、能够”的意思；must则是“必须”；might表推测。联系上下文意，均不可选。而ought to意为“应该”，有更大的事实依据。根据实际情况，the weather office’s computers也确实更准确些，故选C。

67．A。对话中第一句是对过去一件事情的陈述，因此下一句中对过去某种情况的推测应该用must have done句型，故选A。

68．C。前一个空填would，意为“(在过去某个时间)她想要通过考试”，后一空用knows，是在陈述一个事实，意为“但她知道的太少了”。

69．C。shouldn’t have come意为“本不应该来” ，暗含 “她来过了” 的意思，与题意不符；needn’t have to come中need为情态动词，倾向于主观上的“必要”，与题中给出条件“We had changed our plan”不符；didn’t need to come中的need to do表示“(有责任、有义务)做某事”，符合题意。

70．B。should have done意为“本应该做某事(但实际上没做)”。

71．B。四个选项在句中都不错，只根据说话人语气，“已经买了三篮水果”因为不必再买了，说明她认为已经够了，是一种比较肯定的语气，而不是猜测语气。

72．B。在不确定问题答案之前，我们用不肯定的语气“may”或“might”表推测，又因为推测的动作已经发生，B项最正确，符合语境。

73．A。选项A表示“在某种意义上应该干……”；选项B、D均表示“过去的一种可能性”。根据题意，只能选A。

74．C。选项A表示允许，意为“可以”；选项B表示能力，意为“能够”；选项C表示主张，意为“偏偏，偏要”；选项D表示说话者的意图、命令或决心，意为“必须、一定”。故选C。又如：The car must broke down just as we were going on our holiday.

75．D。shall 用于陈述句第二、第三人称时，表示说话人的意图、允诺、警告、命令、决心等，意思是“必须、应该、可以”。句意：据宣布，考生在收卷前必须坐在自己的座位上。

篇16：高考一轮复习资料-江苏牛津英语模块四第 十五 讲(译林牛津版高考复习英语必修四教案教学设计)

模块四 Unit2 Sporting events

【考点透视】

I 重点短语

1. sporting adj. = connected with or interested in sport

a ~ event体育比赛项目 a ~ man 爱好体育的人

sport：指各种运动或户外消遣（①可以是娱乐性或锻炼性的，一般作[U]；②也可以是竞赛性的或某种运动项目， 一般作[C]）。仅限于体力锻炼。如：fishing/ boating/ swimming。

作定语时常用pl.。如： sports meeting / shirt / shoes / facilities / stadium。

game：指有一定规则的，双方竞争的游戏或运动，可以是脑力的，也可以是体力的，通常凡参加者都必须遵守。如：basketball /chess等。美国人常用game，英国人常用match。

match：“比赛”，指大型的、公开的，既可是球类、田径也可是其他项目。如：league match联赛。

另外：games和sports均可作“运动会”解。

前者一般指大型的国际体育运动会。如：the Olympic Games。

后者一般指规模相对较小的运动会。如：sports meet；have sports（进行体育活动）。

race：专指（速度的）比赛，赛跑.等。

complete：较正式的用语。有“使……由不完整变得完整起来”的含义，后接名词或代词，不接动名词或不定式。

2. finish：常作及物动词，其后接名词、代词或动名词，不接不定式或名词从句。有“干完、吃完”的含义。

end：指“停止”、“结束”某一进程，使其不再进展或延续下去，不强调该进度是否圆满完成。

take part in“参加、参与”（指参加某项活动，如群众性活动、会议等，并在其中起极作用，强调主人翁态度）。可指“参加”（工作、活动、学习等）。注意：无被动式。

join 是指以平等地位“加入”到某一组织、团体或人群中，并成为其中一员。

3. join in sth. 参加某种活动，（多指正在进行的活动）。

join sb. in sth [doing sth]. 和…… 一起做某事

attend 是指“参加、出席”(会议、聚会、讲座等)。

attend a meeting [a lecture , class , school]

compete for the honor of the country 为国家的荣誉而竞赛

show honor to sb. 对某人表示敬意

a man of honor重信义的人

It is a great honor to do sth.很荣幸干某事

4. honor take … as a great honor把……作为很荣幸的事

in honor of … = in one's honor 出于对……的敬意

have the honor of doing sth. (或to do sth.)荣幸干某事

honor sb. / sth. (with sth.)

be honored in…for … ：在某方面因某事而获得荣誉

under one’s name 以……名字 如：under a false name 以假名

with the name 名叫……

by name 只……名字/名义上；名叫……

by the name of 名叫……的

5. 比较： He was a professor, Peter , by name.

He was a professor by the name of Peter.

in the name of 以……的名义； 看在……份上

name … after / for sb. 以某人的名字命名……

call one’s names 辱骂(某人)

after an absence of seven years 外出7年以后

one’s absence from school 某人缺席/ 缺课

6. absence in the absence of （某人）不在时；缺少（某物）

absence of mind 心不在焉

be absent from 不在……

n.

sb. to do sth.

7. require + doing sth

that-从句 用虚拟语气 (should) + 动词原形

sth. of sb.

for (quite) a while (好长)一会儿

after a while 过了一会儿 （与动词的过去时连用）

8. while all the while 始终，一直 （与延续性动词连用或与终止性动词的否定连用）

in a (short) while 没一会儿，不久 （与动词的过去时或将来时连用）

once in a while有时，偶尔 ＝ now and then ; from time to time

比较：

while /as / when

①如果主句表示的是短暂的动作，而从句表示的是一段时间，三者可通用。

I met her when / while / as I was walking along the river.

②as和when可与终止性动词连用，while只能与延续性动词连用。

I saw her as / when she was getting off the bus.

③as强调主句与从句表示的动作同时发生，while强调主句表示的动作延续于while所指的整个时间。试比较：She sang while she went along. 她走路时不停地唱。

She sang as she went along. 她边走边唱。

④when仅指时间，无其他含义；as有“随着”之意；while有“然而”、“趁着”之意。

①remove … from … ② remove sth.

比较：remove / move

9. remove ① move强调位置和姿态的改变 ；

②remove强调完全放弃原来的地方而到达新的位置；

③表示“迁居”时，move和remove可互换。

① + into使……进入…… ~ a sport into the Olympics

10. enter ② + into把……计入…… ~ all the events of the day into her diary

③ + for 报名参加（比赛） ~ for an exam

④ + into开始进入…… ~ into an argument/ a state of war / business

make way for 为……让路

11. make one’s way to 向……走去

give way to sb. / sth. 放弃……；向……让步

II重点句型

1. Many people enjoy playing different sports while others just enjoy watching them.

2. … however, he does expect his want to get their brains working.

3. Good luck with your report.

Good luck with sth. / Good luck to sb.

try one’s luck

Bad luck!

Just my luck!

bad/ hard luck on sb.

4. In order for a new sport to be added, a current sport must be dropped.

= In order to add a new sport

【题例精析】

【例1】 He went back to the hall to try his _______ at finding his lost gold watch, but never found it.

A. best B. success

C. result D. luck

【易错点悟】考查名词的用法。

【要点精析】短语try one’s best (努力，尽力) 后常接to do sth.；try one’s luck at doing sth. 意为“碰碰运气做某事”。B、C不符合题意。

【答案】D

【例2】 Their play ________ great success and brought in a large profit to the theatre.

A. appreciated B. enjoyed （北京东城5月卷）

C. expected D. seized

【易错点悟】考查动词的用法。

【要点精析】enjoy“享有”。句意为“他们的剧目获得很大成功，为剧院带来很大的利润”。appreciate“欣赏”；expect“(人)期望”；seize“抓住”。

【答案】B

【单元检测】

单项填空

1. He was a good swimmer, so he _______ swim to the bank when the boat turned over.

A. must B. was able to

C. could D. might

2. －Tom, you are caught late again.

－Oh, _________.

A. not at all B. just my luck

C. never mind D. that’s all right

3. You must stand it, and see it through, _________ it costs.

A. no matter what B. no matter how

C. what D. which

4. A fence _____ our garden ______ the playing field.

A. divides; into B. separates; into

C. separates; from D. divides; from

5. Would you like to ______ us? We are going to _____ the school’s 20th anniversary celebration.

A. join in; take part in B. join in; join

C. take part in; join D. join; take part in

6. Thousands of athletes______ in many countries will compete _______ medals in the Olympic Games in Beijing.

A. involved; in B. involving; by

C. to involve; against D. involved; for

7. After _____ practice, I have finally taken my Santana _______.

A. many a; under control B. a lot of; into control

C. plenty of; under control D. a great many; out of control

8. Naturally, after I tell my brother what to do, he ______ go and do the opposite.

A. may B. will

C. can D. should

9. _________ your mother, I found her healthy and she had me tell you to work hard.

A. Delighted to see B. Delighting to see

C. Delighted to have seen D. Delighting to have seen

10. When the rich found the poor girl unable to pay the whole for her schooling, he offered to ______ it with her.

A. share in B. cost

C. spend D. pay for

11. We all know that science plays ______ in modern society.

A. an important role B. important role

C. important roles D. important parts

12. We will hold a ceremony _______ those killed in battle.

A. for honour of B. in honour of

C. in honour to D. with honour to

13. Several houses were destroyed to ______ a building.

A. make away with B. make way for

C. make for D. make out

14. She published her novels _____ a man’s name, which she thought was easier to gain popularity.

A. in B. by

C. under D. at

15. ________ fresh air, people may start to feel sick. So make sure you open the windows while working.

A. For the absence of B. In the absence of

C. In the honour of D. In the short of

完形填空

The 16 picked up the thermos and poured some hot water into the tea-cup and placed it on the small table in front of his 17 , who were a father and daughter, and put the lid on the cup with a clink. Apparently 18 of something, he hurried into the inner room, leaving the 19 on the table. His two guests heard a chest of drawers opening and a rustling (飒飒响声).

They 20 sitting in the living-room, the 10-year-old daughter, looking at the flowers outside the window. The father was just about to take his cup when the 21 came, right there in the living-room. Something was hopelessly broken.

It was the thermos, which had fallen to the floor. The girl looked 22 her shoulder at once, startled (吓一跳), 23 . It was 24 neither of them had touched it, not even a little bit.

The sound caused the host to rush back from the inner room. He looked at the 25 floor and blurted out, “It doesn’t matter, it doesn’t matter!”

The father started to say something. Then he muttered, “Sorry, I 26 it and it fell.”

“ It doesn’t matter,” the host said.

Later, when they left the house, the daughter said, “ Daddy, I saw your 27 in the windowpane (窗玻璃). You were sitting perfectly 28 . Why did you say….”

The father 29 , “What then would you 30 as the cause of its fall?”

“ It fell by itself. The floor is uneven (不平). It wasn’t steady when Mr. Li put it there.”

“It won’t 31 , girl. It sounds more 32 when I say I knocked it down. There are things people accept less the more you 33 them. The truer your story is, the less true it sounds.”

The daughter was 34 in silence for a while. Then she said, “ Can you 35 it only this way?”

“Only this way,” the father said.

16. A. owner B. host C. guest D. master

17. A. friends B. neighbours C. children D. guests

18. A. knowing B. remembering C. hearing D. thinking

19. A. thermos B. cup C. lid D. tea

20. A. enjoyed B. remained C. imagined D. hated

21. A. stranger B. host C. crash D. noise

22. A. around B. at C. behind D. over

23. A. staring B. watching C. shouting D. crying

24. A. helpless B. exciting C. strange D. terrible

25. A. broken B. steaming C. dirty D. flooded

26. A. touched B. used C. hit D. moved

27. A. face B. shadow C. reflection D. action

28.A. calm B. still C. silent D. straight

29. A. shouted B. whispered C. laughed D. repeated

30. A. tell B. make C. accept D. give

31. A. do B. suit C. go D. fit

32. A. comfortable B. friendly C. acceptable D. agreeable

33. A. defend B. support C. discuss D. argue

34. A. kept B. shut C. worried D. lost

35. A. do B. explain C. make D. manage

阅读理解

（A）

A four-year-old girl is wowing (博得……称赞) the New York art world with paintings that are drawing comparisons with Jackson Pollock and Wasaily Kandinsky. Marla Olmstead, from Binghampton, in New York state, has been painting since just before she was two years old.

Using brushes, spatulas, her fingers and even ketchup bottles, she is creating canvases (画布) of six by six foot. The prodigy (神童) has already sold about 25 paintings, raising $ 40,000 and a new exhibition opens this week.

Father Mark, speaking to reporters while on a trip to New York city to do television interviews, said, “She does her own thing, she uses a lot of paint but is oblivious (不在意) to the whole thing.” He said she had first started painting shortly before her second birthday as her father tried to stop her distracting him from his own amateur art.

“She went at it with all colors. At first she directed me, and then it evolved to the canvas. I’m her assistant, I hand her the brushes. She doesn’t appreciate that most artists have to wait longer to have an assistant,” he joked.

Gallery owner Anthony Brunelli said of 10 pieces about to go on show, six were already sold, and that the remaining four could fetch between $8000 ~ 10,000. He said Marla’s work was unbelievable for a child. “Her paintings have bright colors. They’re very expressive in the way the paint is applied.”

Mr. Brunelli’s assessments of Marla’s future as an adult artist are cautious. But he said, “You never can tell. I’ve seen her progressing over the past year. The four she just did, each one gets better.”

36. When the passage was written, Marla Olmstead had been painting for about ______.

A. four years B. three years

C. two years D. one year

37. According to the passage, we know that Marla Olmstead’s painting skills are instructed by ________.

A. herself B. her father

C. Wassily Kandinsky D. Jackson Pollock

38. Most people who see Marla Olmstead’s pictures will feel _______.

A. sad B. dull

C. angry D. happy

39. According to the passage, we can infer that ______.

A. Marla Olmstead began painting under the influence of her father

B. Anthony Brunelli is certain about Marla Olmstead’s future

C. Marla Olmstead is considered the prodigy because of her earned money

D. Marla Olmstead shocks the New York art world because of her age

（B）

China urged Japan yesterday to keep its commitments (承诺) towards the Taiwan question and to handle former Taiwan “president” Lee Teng-hui’s possible visit to the country in the proper way.

Reports said that Lee planned to travel to Japan on May 10 for two or three weeks at the invitation of private groups.

Lee is the chief representative of the radical (激进的) force for “Taiwan independence”.

“The Taiwan question concerns the Core interests of China and relates to the national feeling of the 1.3 billion Chinese people, as well as the political foundation of Sino-Japanese relations,” said Foreign Ministry spokesman Kong Quan.

Kong told reporters at a regular briefing yesterday that Lee’s repeated request for a visit to Japan was an attempt to find a speaking platform for Taiwan separatists, so as to undermine (破坏) the peaceful reunification (统一) across the Taiwan Straits and Sino-Japanese ties.

Kong said the Chinese side has asked the Japanese Government to abide by the principles of the three political documents including the Sino-Japanese Joint Statement, and to keep its promise on the Taiwan question through practical actions.

Kong yesterday also made a response to the pledges made by Japanese leaders in their speeches to parliament on January 20 to improve ties with its Asian neighbours.

Kong said China has noted the separate speeches of Koizumi and of Japanese Foreign Minister Taro Aso on forging ties with China and South Korea.

“And we want to see the Japanese side improve bilateral ties with practical actions,” Kong said. He also vowed that China will continue to develop a friendly Sino-Japanese co-operative relationship on the principle of reviewing history and facing the future.

40. The Taiwan question relates to __________.

A. the interests of China

B. the national feeling of the 1.3 billion Chinese people

C. the political foundation of Sino-Japanese relations

D. all of the above

41. Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A. The Taiwan question has nothing to do with Sino-Japanese ties.

B. Japan wants to improve ties with its Asian neighbours.

C. Lee Teng-hui will travel to Japan for a formal visit.

D. Japan has improved bilateral ties with China with practical actions.

42. It can be inferred that ________.

A. Lee Teng-hui is the chief representative of the radical force for “Taiwan induce”

B. Japan supports Lee Teng-hui in “Taiwan independence”

C. the “Taiwan question” is very important for Sino-Japanese ties

D. China will improve bilateral ties with Japan with practical actions

43. The best title may be “________”.

A. Lee Teng-hui’s visit to Japan

B. Japan was urged to keep its commitments

C. The Taiwan question

D. Sino-Japanese relations

对话填空

Tony：I’m from Sierra Leone.

Jim: Oh really? Where is Sierra Leone? I know it’s (44) o_____ the African continent. How big is it?

Tony: Yes, that’s right. It’s about the (45) s______ of your California.

Jim: That’s interesting. Who’s the president, and how long a term does he (46) s________?

Tony: His name is Ahmad Tejan Kabbah. He is (47) e______ for a five-year term.

Jim: Oh, yeah… I think I’ve heard of him. By the way, you speak English very well. Is that your (48) o_______ language?

Tony: Yes, but it is only (49) s_______ by 20 percent of the population.

Jim: Really? I understand that (50) m______ is a major industry in Sierra Leone. I also hear your country mines diamonds.

Tony: Yes, they are a big export for us. But many people still live by simple subsistence farming (51) l______ my father.

Jim: Tony, it has been really nice meeting you. I’d like to (52) i______ you to my wife. She’s over there.

Tony: Thank you. I’d like to meet (53) h_________.

(44)________

(45) ________

(46) ________

(47) ________

(48) ________

(49) ________

(50) ________

(51) ________

(52) ________

(53) ________

书面表达

国内某家英文报纸设有一个求助信箱 (Letters to Dr. Helper)。请根据一份学生现状中列出的部分信息，以高三学生李华的名义，用英语给Dr. Helper写一封短信。

学生现状 1。每天在校时间：9小时

2。每日作业时间：3－4小时

3。每日课外活动时间：几乎没有

4。每日睡眠时间：不足

负担过重原因 考试压力大，作业多，家长期望高

注意：1。词数：100左右

2。信的开头已经给出，不计入总词数。

3。生词：负担过重：overlord；期望：expectations

Dear Dr. Helper,

I am a Senior 3 student. I am now in great need of your help because I can hardly stand the great pressure.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours sincerely,

Li Hua

【答案解析】

1．B。can只能用于一般现在时和一般过去时（could）的句子中，be able to可以用在任何时态中。另外，can只表明具备某种能力，但不一定做了，而be able to表明不仅具备了某种能力，而且还实际实施了。

2．B。just my luck是习语，意为“真倒霉!”。not at all和that's all right多用于对方感谢时的应答语，“不客气”。Never mind用于对方道歉时的应答语，“没关系”。

3．A。no matter what = whatever。

4．C。divide…into…把……分成。separate… from…把……分开。

5．D。join in sth.意为“参加（活动）”。join sb. “和某人一起……”。take part in意为“参加（活动）”。

6．D。第一空考查过去分词短语作定语。第二空考查compete后的介词的用法。compete in意为“在……方面角逐”。compete for意为“为……而角逐”。

7．C。practice是不可数名词，many a修饰可数名词的单数形式，a great many修饰复数名词，故排除A、D选项。take… under control是固定搭配，意为“控制住……”。

8．B。will表示习惯，意为“常常”。

9．C。

10．A。share in意为“分担一部分”。

11．A。play an important part/ role意为“起重要作用”。在这个结构中part / role只能用单数，其前的不定冠词不能漏掉。

12．B。in honour of意为“为纪念……”。

13．B。make away with意为“偷窃（某物）”。make way for“给……让路”。make for意为“朝……走去、有利于”。make out意为“辨认出、了解”

14．C。under/ with/ by one’s name意为“用……的名字”。

15．B。in the absence of意为“在没有……的情况下”。

【完形填空】

36．B。与37小题构成对应关系，相对于“客人”的“主人”应用host；master作“主人”讲时，强调具有“控制别人的能力”。

37．D。

38．D。 think of“想到某事”。know of知道某事的有关情况；remember“记起”是及物动词，其后不须接of，故不选。

39．A。联系上文，主人拿起热水瓶，故离开的时候是把热水瓶放在桌上，而不是“茶杯”或“盖子”或“茶”。

40．B。主人离开后，客人“仍然”坐在那里。enjoy表“喜欢做某事”，imagine“想象”，hate “憎恶”都与题意不符。

41．C。父亲正要端杯子喝茶，这时候传来“破裂声”，有东西打破了，crash即“爆裂声”，“撞击声”，noise指嗓音；此句并不是指某人来了，故不能选A或B

42．D。look over one’s shoulder指“某人转头看”。

43．A。女孩转头看，盯着破裂的热水瓶，watch指下意识的观察，不合题意。

44．C。从后句中可以看出，他们并没有碰开水瓶，而开水瓶破了，故是“奇怪的事”。

45．B。破的是热水瓶，因此应该是“冒蒸气的地板”。

46．A。父亲解释是因为自己“碰了”热水瓶所以它破了。因此用touch。

47．C。reflection指镜子中或静水中的“映像”，从前文中我们可以知道女孩在窗前看花，因而是从玻璃中看到了她父亲的“映像”，而不是“影子”。

48．B。坐着不动用still。

49．C。父亲和女儿对这一事件发生原因的不同看法，父亲从成人的观点出发，觉得自己承担责任更好，女儿认为不应说谎，父亲觉得女儿天真，所以“笑着说”即laughed。

50．D。

51．A。do与 will连用常表“合适的”“有用的”“行”。

52．C。指“可以接受的”。

53．A。父亲向女儿解释原因。

54．D。女儿“陷入了沉默”be lost in silence。

55．B。“只能这样解释吗？”

【阅读理解】

A篇文章主要介绍了一个四岁的小女孩以自己的画震惊了纽约艺术界。

36．C。在写这篇文章时玛勒奥姆斯戴德已经是四岁了，而她是在两岁前不久开始作画的。

37．A。由文章可知，玛勒奥姆斯戴德的画是她自己的杰作，并没有人指导。

38．D。由第五段的“Her paintings have bright colors. They’re very expressive in the way the paint is applied.”可知，她所画的画用的是比较鲜明的颜色，因此使人看起来很兴奋。

39．A。由文章第三段的最后一句话可知，她父亲让她画画是为了不让她打扰他画画，但这却无疑培养了她对画画的兴趣。

40．D。从第四段可知。

41．B。细节题。从倒数第三段后半部分可知。

42．C。从第四段推断出。

43．B。

【对话填空】

44. on 45. size 46. serve 47. elected 48. official

49. spoken 50. mining 51. like 52. introduce 53. her

【书面表达】

One possible version:

Dear Dr. Helper,

I am a Senior 3 student. I am now in great need of your help because I can hardly stand the great pressure.

Every day I have to stay at school for nine hours to have lessons and spend at least three to four hours doing my homework at home. We teenagers are eager to play and enjoy ourselves, but we hardly have any time to do what we want. Besides, we even don’t have enough sleep.

There seems to be three causes about the overload: the pressure of examinations, too much homework and the high expectations from the parents. We are often warned that if we don’t do our best, we won’t have the chance to go to university. I write this letter only to wish that I could have someone to talk to. I am looking forward to your advice.

Yours sincerely,

Li Hua

篇17：高考一轮复习资料-江苏牛津英语模块三第 十三 讲(译林牛津版高考复习英语必修三教案教学设计)

模块三 语法专练：主谓一致

【考点透视】

在近年高考英语试题中，单项填空部分直接涉及到主谓一致的内容不是十分频繁，但是这并不是说主谓一致不重要，一方面在试题的其他方面有一定程度的体现，另一方面说明在今后的单选命题中考查主谓一致的几率更高。有关主谓一致的考点主要分布在：语法结构对主谓一致的影响；充当主语的词汇意义对主谓一致的影响；复合句中的主谓一致等。

主谓一致指的是谓语动词与主语在人称和数方面的一致。主谓一致有三项原则，即：语法一致、意义一致和就近一致原则是在特殊情况下对语法一致的补充。这里就一些情况作如下说明：

（一）当名词词组中心词为表示度量、距离、金额、时间、书名等复数名词时，谓语常用单数。如：

Five minutes is enough to do this exercise.

（二）不定代词each，every，no所修饰的名词即使以and或逗号连接成多主语时，谓语动词仍用单数。如：

Each boy and each girl wants to serve the people in future.

（三）不定式、动名词作主语时谓语动词用单数。

（四）从句作主语时：

1．what引导的主语从句，谓语动词视情况而定。

What we need is more time. / What we need are more teachers.

2．在“one of + 复数名词 + who / that”引导的从句中的动词用复数，但当one之前有the only等修饰语时，从句中的动词则用单数。如：

This is one of the girls who were late for the meeting.

This is the only one of the girls who was late for the meeting.

（五）以and连接的两个名词作主语时谓语动词通常用复数。如：

Walking and riding are good exercises.

但在以下几种情况中用单数：

1．当被修饰的两个单数名词在意义上指的是同一个人、物或概念时。如：

The girl’s teacher and friend is a young doctor.

2．当被连接的两个单数名词表示的是一副用具时。

A knife and fork is on the table.

（六）有些以-s结尾的名词作主语时，根据其意思来决定谓语动词的单复数：

1．表示学科名称的名词→单数；

2．国家或团体名称→单数；

3．the Olympic Games→复数；

4．当复数同形的名词，如：means，works等。

Every means has been tried. / All means have been tried.

（七）集体名词作主语时，视其意义来决定谓语动词的单复数：

1．police，people等名词→复数；

2．clothing，equipment，furniture等名词→单数；

3．family，class，public，population等名词表示个体时→单数；表示单位成员时→复数；

（八）all，most，half，the rest等不定代词作主语时，视其所代的名词或意思来决定谓语动词的单复数。

（九）a lot of/ lots of，a large quantity of等量词 + 名词作主语时，谓语动词的单复数由这些量词后的名词决定。如：

A large quantity of people are needed here.

但large quantities of修饰可数或不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数。如：

Large quantities of food / books are on the table.

（十）a kind of／kinds of作主语时，谓语动词的单复数由kind决定，type也是这样。如：

This kind of men is dangerous. / Men of this are dangerous.

（十一）分数或百分数 + 名词作主语时，谓语动词的单复数由分数或百分数后的名词决定。

（十二）more than one ...，many a ...作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：

Many a student has read the book.

（十三）or，either ... or ...，neither ... nor ...，not only ... but (also) ...等连接并列主语时，谓语动词与就近的主语一致。

（十四）主语后面跟有like，as well as / with/ along with/ together with，except/ but / rather than， including/ besides/ in addition to等词组时，谓语根据主语而定。如：

The teacher together with his students was excited.

【题例精析】

【例1】- Mike, what did our monitor say just now?

- Every boy and every girl as well as teachers who _______ to visit the museum _______ asked to be at the school gate before 6:30 in the morning. （南京一中卷）

A. is; is B. are; are

C. is; are D. are; is

【易错点悟】解答该题的关键是要理解题干结构，把握以every, no, each 等限定的并由and连接的两个并列名词用作主语时的主谓一致以及定语从句中的主谓一致。

【要点精析】该题为一个带有定语从句的复合句，句中作定语的关系代词who指代先行词teachers，为复数，故谓语动词该用are；as well as连接两个主语时，谓语动词要根据前一个主语决定；由 every, no, each 等限定的并由and连接的两个并列名词作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。

【答案】D

【例2】 What the remote areas need _____ education to children and what the children need _____ good textbooks at the moment. （2007山东枣庄3月交流卷）

A. is; are B. are; is

C. was; were D. were; was

【易错点悟】解答该题关键是要注意由特殊疑问词what引导的主语从句作主语时的主谓一致关系。

【要点精析】一般情况下，what引导主语从句，常表示单数意义，谓语动词用单数形式，但当它所指的具体内容是复数意义时，谓语动词要用复数形式。该题强调现在，用一般现在时态。

【答案】A

【专项检测】

1. Whom _______ this pair of glasses belong to and whose ________ the glasses on the table?

A. does; is B. do; are C. does; are D. do; is

2. There _______ a pen, two pencils and three books on the desk.

A. are B. is C. has D. have

3. The United States of America ________ one of the most developed countries in the world.

A. is B. are C. was D. were

4. “All ______ present and all ________ going on well,” our monitor said.

A. is; is B. are; are C. are; is D. is; are

5. I have finished a large part of the book, the rest of which _________ very difficult.

A. is B. are C. was D. were

6. The trouble with such resources as coal, oil and gas ______ that they are not renewable.

A. has been B. are C. have been D. is

7. More than one example _______ necessary to make the students understand this rule clearly.

A. should be B. is C. are D. have been

8. Although many of the houses in the small town ______ still in need of repair, there _______ lots of improvement in their appearance.

A. are; has been B. is; have been

C. is; are D. are; was

9. Going to bed early and getting up early _________ a good habit.

A. is B. are C. were D. was

10. The police _______ asked that anyone who saw the accident should get in touch with _______.

A. have; them B. has; him C. have; him D. has; them

11. My friend and classmate Paul ________ horse-riding in his spare time.

A. practice B. practices C. is practiced. D. is practicing

12. People like beautiful things, but the beautiful________ not always the useful.

A. is B. are C. was D. were

13. ―Are you very anxious?

―Yes. Ten minutes ________ like an hour when you are waiting for a phone call.

A. seem B. seems C. do D. does

14. On the wall ________ two large pictures of his parents.

A. hangs B. hanged C. hanging D. hang

15. That’s the one of the subjects that ___________ to start a conversation.

A. intends B. intend C. are intended D. is intended

16. I, who _________ your teacher, will try my best to help you with your study.

A. be B. am C. are D. is

17. Not only my brother but also I _______ good at painting. Both of us _________ good painters.

A. are; are B. am; are C. is; is D. are; is

18. Setting fire to the public buildings ________ highly dangerous and forbidden by law.

A. are B. is C. has D. were

19. _________ visitors to the UK were asked by newspaper reporters what their impressions of the British people were.

A. The number of B. A number of C. Numbers of D. Any numbers of

20. The first two questions were easy, but the rest of them _______ not.

A. was B. were C. being D. to be

21. “The public _______ the best judge.” means “the public always ______ their thoughts correctly.”

A. are; express B. are; expresses

C. is; express D. is; express

22. This kind of cakes ______ good while cakes of that kind ________ different.

A. taste; are B. tastes; are C. smells; is D. look; are

23. Where to find the teacher and where to do the experiment _________.

A. are not known B. is not known

C. has not known D. have not known

24. The manager or his secretary ______ to give you an interview.

A. is B. are C. was D. were

25. That they have cheated the boys ________ now clear to us all.

A. is B. are C. was D. were

26. The old ________ taken good cave of in our country.

A. is B. has C. are D. have

27. It seems to me that what Lucy saw and heard ________ very interesting.

A. was B. were C. is D. are

28. Every means _______ tried, but in vain.

A. have been B. has been C. are D. is

29. Many a boy and many a student ________ looking forward to visiting the United States of America at present.

A. are B. were C. is D. was

30. E-mail, as well as telephones, _______ an important part in daily communication.

A. is playing B. have played C. are playing D. play

31. Though small, the ant is as much a creature as _______ all other animals on earth.

A. are B. is C. do D. have

32. Despite much research, there are still certain elements in the life cycle of the insect that _______ not fully understood.

A. are B. were C. is D. was

33. Everybody in our country, men and women, old and young, ________ sports and games.

A. are fond of B. enjoys C. go in for D. take part in

34. There are _______ flowers shown in the park and ________ people go to have a look.

A. varieties of; various B. a plenty of; many

C. various; many a D. quite a few; quite a little

35. An iron and steel works, with some satellite factories _________ to be built here.

A. is B. are C. was D. were

36. The engineer and worker referred to ____________ to design something.

A. be going B. are going C. be likely D. is going

37. As a result of destroying the forests, a large _______ of desert _________ covered the land.

A. number; has B. quantity; has

C. number; have D. quantity; have

38. -The education system rather than the teachers _____ to answer for the overburden on the students.

-I agree. I hope the reform being carried out in our country will hang about the _______ results.

A. me; desired B. is; desired

C. are; desiring D. is; desiring

39. His Selected Poems ________ first published in 1986.

A. were B. was C. has been D. is

40. Writing stories and articles ________ what she enjoys most.

A. is B. have been C. was D. were

41. Each of the students in our class ______ great interest in English and they each ______ a copy of A New English-Chinese Dictionary.

A. shows; have B. have; has C. is; have D. takes; has

42. The factory, including its machines and buildings, ________ burnt last night.

A. is B. are C. were D. was

43. The White family _______ very large. All the family _______ animal lovers.

A. is; are B. is; is C. are; is D. are; are

44. Large quantities of fruit ________ all over the world from China today.

A. is shipped B. are shipped C. has Shipped D. have shipped

45. In our country each boy and each girl _______ the right to receive a good education.

A. is B. are C. has D. have

【答案解析】

1．C。“this / the pair of + 名词”作主语，谓语动词用单数；glasses，trousers，clothes等复数名词作主语，谓语动词则用复数。

2．B。There be句型中，主语不止一个时，遵循“就近一致”的原则，即谓语与邻近的主语保持人称和数的一致。

3．A。表示国家，组织、单位的名词作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数。

4．C。不定代词all作主语，指人时，谓语动词常用复数；指物时，谓语动词常用单数。

5．A。“the rest of + 名词”作主语，谓语动词的数与中心名词保持一致，这里which指代the book．故用is。

6．D。the trouble / problem with ...意为“由……带来的问题；……存在的问题”。题中：the trouble为主语部分的中心词。

7．B。many a(许多) + 单数可数名词或more than one(不止一个) + 单数可数名词作主语时，常遵循“语法一致”的原则，即主语是单数，谓语也用单数。

8．A。此处improvement是不可数名词。

9．A。当and连接两个或两个以上的词、短语或句子作主语且表示同一概念时，谓语动词用单数。

10．A。police，people，cattle等表示“总称”的名词作主语时，谓语动词常用复数。

11．B。Paul既是我的朋友还是我的同学，主语指的是一个人，故谓语动词用单数，且根据题意，此处需用一般现在时态的主动语态。

12．C。the + 形容词/ -ing形式/ 过去分词(表示-类人或事物)做主语时，谓语动词常用复数，但表示一种抽象概念或品质时，谓语动词常用单数。题中the beautiful is not always the useful意为“好看的不一定总是有用的”。

13．B。表示时间、距离、金额数量等的名词作为一个整体作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式。

14．D。这是一个倒装句，主语是复数形式，故谓语动词用复数。

15．D。be intended to do / for意为“被打算……”。先行词为one of ...结构时，定语认句中的谓语动词用复数形式；先行词为 the (only) one of ...结构时，从句中谓语动词用单数。

16．B。关系代词作主语，定语从句中的谓语动词应与先行词保持人称和数的一致。

17．B。not only ... but also，either ... or，neither ... nor，not ... but等结构连接并列主语时，谓语动词的数应遵循“就近一致”的原则。

18．B。不定式、-ing形式短语或名词性从句作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。注意：当what引导的从句作主语，且表语为名词时，谓语动词的数常由表语的数决定。

19．C。答案B、D本身就错误的，A表示“……的数目”，C表示“许多”，依据谓语是were，选C。

20．B。本题的要点是half of，the rest of，plenty of修饰可数或不可数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数还是复数，视具体情况而定。如果of后面是不可数名词，谓语用单数，如果of后面是可数名词，则谓语用复数形式。

21．D。本题的变化点是集合名词若作整体看待，谓语用单数；若看作一个个成员时，谓语用复数。

22．B。本题考查知识点是：由 a kind of，this kind of，many kinds of和“名词+ of this kind”等以及由与kind意义相似的 type，sort等构成的类似短语作主语时，谓语动词与of前的名词保持数的一致。

23．A。本题考查知识点是不定式做主语时谓语动词的数。句子结构是“疑问词+to do and+疑问词+to do”，谓语动词应为复数形式。但如果两个疑问词加不定式在句中作主语表示一件事的两个侧面，则谓语动词用单数。

24．A。谓语就近一致。

25．A。名词性从句作主语，谓语动词通常用单数。

26．C。定冠词置于形容词或分词前表示“一类人”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。

27．A。主语从句后动词用单数。

28．D。means单复数同形，every means意为“每种方法”，故谓语动词用单数形式。

29．C。“many a + 单数名词”作主语，谓语用单数。

30．A。句中的主语是e-mail，不包括as well as telephones。

31．A。此句中的第二个as引导一个限制性定语从句，并在从句中作表语。先行词creature被as修饰，所以定语从句要用as引导。因定语从句的主语是复数名词all other animals，所以谓语用are。全句意思：尽管蚂蚁很小，但它和地球所有其它动物一样都是生物。as much ... as ... 意为“与……一样多的……”、“与……同样”。又如：He has as much interest in politics as in history.他对政治与历史同样感兴趣。 She spent twice as much money on clothing as I do. 她花在衣服上的钱是我花的两倍。

32．A。这里由引导的定语从句修饰复数名词elements，所以定语从句中的that代替的复数意义的名词，其谓语应该用复数形式；这里谈到的是现实存在的事实，排除B项。

33．D。everybody是主语。

34．A。plenty of前不应有a，many a 接“单数名词+单数动词”，quite a little后不能修饰people。

35．A。句中主语是an iron and steel works“一家钢铁厂”，谓语应用单数。

36．D。如果and连接的两个同是指同一个人、同一事物或同一概念，谓语一般用单数。

37．B。a large quantity of后面跟的是不可数名词desert，而且谓语动词是has。

38．B。the education system是主语，谓语动词应用单数；the desired results意为“期望的结果”。

39．B。以s结尾的书刊名、国名、组织名作主语时，谓语仍用单数。

40．A。单个动名词作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。

41．A。each作主语，谓语动词用单数，作同位语时，谓语动词用复数。

42．D。主语部分含有including，with, together with, rather than, as well as, except等短语时，谓语都应与前边的主语保持一致。

43．A。family，team，government等名词侧重表示整体概念时，谓语动词常用单数；指成员时，谓语动词常用复数。

44．B。“large quantities of +名词”作主语，谓语动词常用复数；a large quantities of + 名词作主语，谓语动词的数由所修饰的名词来定。ship此处意为“用船或飞机运输”。

45．C。each ... and each ...，every ... and every..., no ... no ...,等结构作主语，谓语动词常用单数形式。

篇18：高考一轮复习资料-江苏牛津英语模块四第 十六 讲(译林牛津版高考复习英语必修四教案教学设计)

模块四 Unit3 Tomorrow’s world

【考点透视】

I 重点短语

one’s wildest dream 做梦都没想到的事

1. dream of / about… 梦想……

dream a … dream 做……的梦

give out ①散发出、放出；②分发；③宣布；④被用完

give away ①颁发（奖品等）；②赠送；③泄漏

2. give in 让步、妥协

give off 散发出 (味道)

give up 放弃

3. put forward：①前进；②提出（计划等）、建议；③拨快（钟表）的针 （→put back）

4. but / except / except for / besides

①but和except 都表示“除了……之外，没有”，二者在多数情况下可以互换。

②no (all, nobody, nothing , no one) 后多用but。

③跟宾语从句时，多用except。

④except for“除……之外；要不是”，以保留的方式对整个句子内容进行修正。

⑤besides 与except，but用于否定句时，可互换。

① ~ + n. 使某人印象深刻

5. impress v. ② be +-ed + by / at / with （常用被动，无进行式）

③ impress sth. on sb. = impress sb. with sth. 使某人铭记某事

impression n. give sb. a deep impression

= leave / make a deep impression on sb.

= leave sb. with a deep impression

end in 以……告终 Their project ended in failure.

end (up) …with 以……告终/ 结束…… The party ended up with an English song.

6. put an end to… 使……终止 = bring … to an end

come to an end vi. 结束

to the end 到最后

make ends meet使收支相抵，量入为出

announce 指正式地“公开”、“发表”、“宣布”，侧重“预告”人们所关心或感兴趣的事情。常用结构：announce (to sb) sth/ that… ； It is announced that …

7. declare 指正式和明确地向公众“宣布”、“宣告”、“声明”，侧重“当众”发表，多用于宣战、议和、宣判等。

常用结构：declare sth. ；declare against / for…； declare sb. / sth. to be …

responsible adj. be ~ for sb. / sth. / doing sth. 对……负责

8. responsibility n. take/ assume (the) ~ for … 对……负责

a sense of ~ 责任感

= put up 竖立；搭起

= establish (an organization, business, etc.) 建立；创立

8. set up set (sb.) up as ... 使……从事某种职业

set (up) an example to sb. 树立榜样

set (up) a record 创记录

比较： set up / build / found / put up / build up

set up：基本意思是“把某物架好”、“竖起”。表示“建立”、“创立”时，既可以用于建筑物，也可以用于机构、设施。多用于口语中。

build：“建设”、“建造”，是普通用词，用法最广。其对象可以是房屋、道路、飞机等具体的东西，也可以是社会制度、人际关系等抽象概念。有时还可以引申为“培养、发展、增强”等含义。

found：“成立”、“创办”。通常用于党团组织、学校、国家、政权等机构从无到有的“创办”，也可表示某种学说或理论的“创立”。

put up：“把某物升起”、“举起”。表示“建设”时，多指“搭起”临时性的建筑物。

build up：多指“增强 / 加强（体力，体质等）”。也可以指“盖满房子”，常用被动。

v. = express 表达、吐露 ~ one’s opinions

n. at the top of one’s ~ 大声地

9. voice in a loud / low ~ 大声地/ 低声地

with one ~ 异口同声地

a loud-voiced man 大嗓门的人

in one’s ~ = in the ~ of sb. 在某人看来

give / express one’s ~ on / upon… 对……发表意见

10. opinion have a good / bad/ high/ low/ poor ~ of sb./ sth. 对……评价/ 印象好/ 不好

have no ~ of … 认为……不行

What’s your ~ of sb. / sth.? 你对某人或某事有什么看法?

public ~ 舆论 (这里的opinion 是不可数名词)

比较：opinion / idea / thought

opinion 作名词解，意为“看法、见解”

idea 意为“主意、想法”

thought 意为“思想（指经过思考而形成的概念）”

trip 短时期来往的商业旅行和观光旅行

journey 陆地上由一地到另一地的旅行。还用于含有“比喻”的句子中。

11. travel 泛指旅行、游历，是“旅行”的最普通的用语，但无路程的含义。

tour 常指访问多次的观光旅行，常指周游后回到原出发地之意。

voyage 指海上旅行。

n. ①[U] (物理上的）力、力量 the ~ of wind / gravity 风力/ 重力

②[U]暴力、武力 by ~ 用武力

③[C]常用pl. 军队、部队 the air ~ 空军

12. force v. ① ~ sb. to do sth. = ~ sb. into doing sth. 强迫某人做某事

② ~ sb. + adj. / adv. 如：~ one’s foot into a shoe 将脚硬塞入鞋内

③ ~ sth. on sb. 把……强加于某人

④ ~ one’s way 强行前进

II重点句型

1. Upon reaching the top of the mountain, a feeling of happiness and a sense of achievement will be experienced.

2. In reality, my grandfather can no longer walk, …

3. In my opinion, it is about time (that) we had new computers.

该句型中，that从句的谓语动词常用过去式，也可以是should +动词原形，should有时可省略。

【题例精析】

【例1】 It’s high time that we students ________ even harder at our lessons as the national entrance examination is coming nearer. （连云港3月交流卷）

A. work B. will work C. worked D. have to work

【易错点悟】解答该题的关键是要注意在句型It’s time that...结构中虚拟结构的使用。

【答案解析】在It is time that ...句型结构中，从句的谓语动词要用虚拟结构，可以用一般过去时，也可以用should +动词原形，但should不可省略。

【答案】C

【例2】 My _______ of this weekend’s activity is going out with some good friends.

A. idea B. opinion C. mind D. thought

【易错点悟】考查名词辨析。

【要点精析】idea指“想法，主意”，opinion指“意见，主张”，mind指“思维，理智”，thought指“想法”。根据语意，应选A。

【答案】A

【单元检测】

单项填空

1. The cinema looks very old because of its traditional design. _________, it was finished only two months ago.

A. In reality B. In turn

C. But D. What’s more

2. ―Hurry up! I’m afraid we have no time to _____ before the party.

―Coming!

A. get to change B. get changed

C. get changing D. get change

3. ―How do you find the play last night?

― Very disappointing. The play was badly acted, ________ being too long.

A. but B. including

C. besides D. except

4. She ______ a proposal for the electoral reform last month, but it hasn’t been approved by the board.

A. put forth B. put about

C. put by D. put forward

5. ―I always thought you were a nurse.

―Really? I wonder how you got that ______.

A. plan B. image

C. impression D. sense

6. ―Is Bob still performing?

―I’m afraid not. He is said _______ the stage already.

A. to have left B. to leave

C. to be left D. to have been left

7. Every time she tried to argue with her husband, she ended up ______ her eyes out.

A. to cry B. cried

C. crying D. cry

8. The trip to the Great Wall in 2007 summer _______ me with a deep impression.

A. reminded B. left

C. kept D. stayed

9. ―How often do you refer to the dictionary when you are reading an English novel?

― Well, ________. I will look up the word if it affects my understanding.

A. never B. very often

C. it depends D. if possible

10. - What’s the matter with you?

- After the long walk, my legs _________ and I couldn’t go any further.

A. gave out B. gave off

C. gave in D. gave up

11. Thank you so much. You _____ me from an embarrassing situation.

A. remember B. recover

C. rescue D. reserve

12. _________ decision you make, we will always support you.

A. whichever B. Whatever

C. However D. Wherever

13. Parents should allow children the space to ________ their opinions, even if they are different from their own.

A. voice B. speak

C. say D. put

14. The project ________ considered thoroughly, and I’m sure it ______ finished on time.

A. must; may B. should be; can be

C. need; should D. must be; may be

15. _________ picking up the phone, I recognized her voice.

A. Upon B. At

C. With D. As

完形填空

The yearly marathon (a long-distance running race of 42.195 km) in my town usually occurs during a heat wave. My job was to follow behind the runners in an ambulance 16 any of them needed medical attention.

“We’re supposed to stay behind the 17 runner, so take it slowly,” I said to the driver, Doug, as the race started.

The front-runners started to 18 and then my eyes were 19 to the woman in blue silk running shorts and a loose white T-shirt.

We knew we were already watching our “last runner.” Her 20 were so crippled (残疾的) that it seemed almost impossible for her to be able to walk, 21 alone run a marathon.

Doug and I 22 in silence as she slowly moved forward. 23 , she was the only runner left in sight. Tears streamed down my face when I watched with respect 24 she pushed forward with great 25 through the last miles.

When the finish line came into sight, rubbish lay everywhere and the 26 crowds had long gone home. 27 , standing straight and ever so proud 28 a lone man. He was 29 one end of a ribbon (缎带) of crepe paper (皱纸) 30 to a post. She slowly crossed through, leaving both ends of the paper fluttering (飘扬) behind her.

I do not know this woman’s name, but that day she became a part of my 31 - a part I often depend on. For her, it wasn’t about 32 the other runners or winning a prize, but about 33 what she had set out to do, no matter 34 . When I think things are too difficult or I get those “I-just-can’t-do-it,” I think of the last runner. Then I realize how 35 the task before me really is.

16.A. so that B. in case C. even though D. only if

17.A. first B. best C. only D. last

18.A. run B. separate C. disappear D. appear

19.A. drawn B. thrown C. fixed D. caught

20.A. hands B. legs C. arms D. body

21.A. let B. leave C. speak D. take

22.A. watched B. drove C. observed D. stared

23.A. Quickly B. Unluckily C. Naturally D. Finally

24.A. since B. before C. as D. until

25.A. pain B. determination C. strength D. desire

26.A. fired B. waiting C. cheering D. impatient

27.A. Besides B. Therefore C. Yet D. Fortunately

28.A. stood B. waited C. came D. had

29.A. helping B. catching C. holding D. tying

30.A. kept B. tied C. connected D. led

31.A. dream B. feeling C. idea D. life

32.A. following B. hoping C. encouraging D. beating

33.A. finishing B. realizing C. starting D. winning

34.A. where B. how C. when D. what

35.A. difficult B. interesting C. easy D. hopeful

阅读理解

(A)

Now we are always hearing about road accidents and when we’re in a car we try to drive carefully, but how many of us take the same degree of care in our homes? Any large hospital will tell you the number of accidents that happen in the home is almost the same as those on the road. I don’t pretend to be an expert, but I’ve thought a lot about how and why these accidents happen and what we can do to prevent them.

One of the commonest and most dangerous causes of home accidents is wrong and careless use of electrical equipment. People will continue to use a loose plug or pull out a plug without first turning off the power. In spite of warnings, one will carry an electric heater into the bathroom when he is going to have a bath. Sometimes one forgets to cut off the power before mending a lamp or something else. All this will cause accidents. So the rule about anything that works by electricity is: Switch off before you touch anything and don’t pretend you know when you actually don’t.

If you’ve got children in the house, it’s always best to keep medicines of any kind out of their reach. Otherwise, they may be taken for candies or a new kind of drink. When there are older people living with you, you have to take particular care in a number of ways in order to make them safe and happy.

Fire, of course, is always a risk. So, remember not to dry clothes in front of fires, or leave stoves in the middle of rooms where they can easily be knocked over. And don’t forget to keep the children away from fire. Smoking, too, causes fire. So you’d better give it up.

Safety first may mean a little more time and care, but it may save you a lot of trouble.

36. The writer thinks the reason why there are so many accidents in our home is that we are _______.

A. less careful in our homes than in a car

B. more careful in our homes than in a car

C. as careful in our homes as in a car

D. not so careful in a car as in our homes

37. The writer advises you _______ about the use of electrical equipment.

A. to appear as if you know everything

B. to pretend that you don’t know anything

C. to pretend that you know everything

D. not to think you know everything

38. It’s best to keep medicines in places that children can’t __________.

A. get on B. get to

C. get in D. get over

39. One way to prevent fires at home is to _________.

A. leave stoves in the middle of the rooms

B. dry clothes near stoves

C. tell children to stay away from fire

D. smoke away from fires

（B）

Through all of human history, rats have been a curse and a plague (祸害) to people. They eat or spoil crops of grain and rice before they can be harvested or while they are in storage. In India, where millions of people go hungry, there are ten times as many rats as people. Rats devour half of the available food. Rats will also attack birds and animals, from flogs and chicks to geese and young calves. They have even destroyed dams and buildings by making holes through or under them. Sometimes they cause fires by chewing on electrical wiring.

The most terrible destruction caused by rats, however, has come from the diseases they carry. In the fourteenth century, rats caused the death of one-third of the world’s human population by transmitting bubonic plague (淋巴腺鼠疫). This dreadful outbreak also called the Black Plague, ravaged (严重损坏) Europe for years.

Ironically, it is in fighting diseases that rats have been most useful to humanity. The bodies of rats, though quite different from those of humans, have certain basic structural similarities. So thousands of specially bred rats are used in research laboratories every year to test medicines that can possibly be used to prolong and improve human life. As might be expected, some laboratory rats are even used to test new procedures and methods for eliminating their cousins - the wild rats.

40. What does the first paragraph mainly tell us?

A. the different kinds of damages caused by rats.

B. how terrible the rats are to us humans.

C. how to kill rats in proper ways.

D. why we should kill rats every day.

41. According to the passage, the underlined word “devour” in the first paragraph means

A. damage B. eat up

C. destroy D. steal

42. In the 14th century, about one third of the world’s human population died because ______.

A. big fires broke out in Europe

B. rats spread the plague throughout Europe

C. rats spread poison in water

D. people had no food to eat at that time

43. Rats are often used to test new medicines for us humans because ______________.

A. rats are easy to catch in the wild

B. researchers don’t have to pay much for rats

C. rats and humans are a little similar in their basic structures

D. humans want to keep the world out of rats

对话填空

Four people in an advertising firm are discussing a future advertising programme. (B=Bob)

A: OK. Our plan is to (44) p_______ an advertisement for this famous computer. Any ideas?

B: I think it would be a good idea to have (45) c_______ from secretaries and typists who are already using it. Then they can (46) e______ their satisfaction with the product.

C: Do you think so? Do you think managers want to read what users think about a new piece of office equipment?

D: I agree with Bob. I think we should have a picture of the computer and give a (47) d_________ of the product.

B: I’m afraid I can’t agree with you. That’s a good way of giving (48) i_______, but it’s not a good way of persuading people. For one thing, it’s boring, and people aren’t going to read an ad that looks boring. For (49) a_______ thing, one computer looks very like another. People aren’t going to remember the (50) n_________ of the product.

A: So what exactly are you suggesting?

B: I suggest that we ask users of this machine what they think about it. Then we can put their comments at the top of the advertisement in big print. We can bring in some humor too. People enjoy reading (51) h_______ ads.

D: The disadvantage (52) w______ carrying out interviews is that it may take a long time.

B: No problem. We can do some telephone (53) i______ with our users.

(44) _________

(45) _________

(46) _________

(47) _________

(48) _________

(49) _________

(50) _________

(51) _________

(52) _________

(53) _________

书面表达

假设你的英文名为Jack，是英国诺丁汉大学的中国留学生。你负责为在该校就读的32名中国学生筹划圣诞节期间的苏格兰之行，为期7天，请你给诺丁汉的STA (Students’ Travel Agency)经理Phil发一封电子邮件，联系有关事宜。要点如下：

(1)希望能够派车接送；

(2)需要一名说标准英语，并非常熟悉苏格兰的导游；

(3)请求告知旅行日程及就餐、旅馆、费用等情况；

(4)你的联系方式：电子邮箱地址：Jack @ yahoo. com.cn或电话号码：07747745007

注意： (1)词数：100词左右； (2)开头和结尾已为你写出，不计人总词数；

(3)参考词汇：旅馆住宿accommodation；旅行日程安排itinerary; 长途客车coach

发件人: Jack @ yahoo. com.cn

收件人: “Manager Nottingham King St”

日期: Fri, 5 Dec 2007 11:29

主题: A Trip to Scotland

Hi, Phil,

I’d like you to organize a trip to Scotland for us.

_______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

Looking forward to your early reply.

Yours Truly,

Jack

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【答案解析】

【单项填空】

1．A。根据题意，前后两个句子之间并非递进关系，则可排除D项。B项意为“依次、逐个地”，不合题意。C项中But后一般不用逗号隔开。A项意为“事实上、实际上”，最符合题意。

2．B。get changed意为“换衣服”。

3．C。考查词语辨析。根据题意，was badly acted和being too long都是导致disappointing的因素，C项“除了……之外（还有）”，正合题意。若选A项和D项，则表明这两个因素是对立的，不合逻辑。若选B项，则表明后一因素包括在前一因素之中，也不合题意。故C项最佳。

4．D。考查动词短语辨析。A项“长出（叶、芽等）”。B项“散布、传播（不实的消息等）”。C项“攒钱、积蓄”。D项“提出、提议、建议”。

5．C。考查名词。根据题意，C意为“印象”。

6．A。不定式的完成式表示动作“leave”先于主句动作“said”之前发生。

7．C。end up doing 意为“以……告终”。

8．B。考查习惯搭配。leave sb. with a deep impression意为“给某人留下很深的印象”。

9．C。考查交际用语。it depends意为“视情况”。

10．A。此处give out译为“筋疲力尽，用尽力气”，全句译为：长途后，我的双腿已筋疲力尽，不能再走了，而give off为“出发，放出”；give in为“屈服”；give up为“放弃”。

11．C。rescue sb. from …把某人从……中解救出来。

12．B。whatever引导的是让步状语从句，相当于no matter what。

13．A。voice one’s opinions 意为“表达某人的观点”。

14．B。考查情态动词的被动式的用法。

15．A。upon/ on + sth/ doing sth.意为“一……就……”。at doing sth. 意为“一听到/看到……就……”。

【完形填空】

这是一篇夹叙夹议的短文。作者首先叙述在一次马拉松比赛中目睹“最后一位选手”：一位残疾妇女凭坚强的意志跑完全程的感人故事，最后通过议论，表达了自己对这位妇女的敬仰以及所受到的鼓舞。

16．B。in case (that)引导条件状语从句，意为“万一”。

17．D。由后文可知，作者和司机应是跟在“最后”一位选手的后面。

18．C。最后一位选手是残疾人，与跑在前面的选手差距很大，故只有前面的选手开始“消失”时，作者才能注意到她。

19．A。表示目光“被吸引”。

20．B。这位妇女几乎都不能走，因此应是她的“腿’有残疾。

21．A。let alone是固定短语，意为“更不用说”。

22．A。此处应是有意识地“注视”。

23．D。由前后文的逻辑关系判断，此处表示的是“时间”关系。叙述比赛进行到“最后”的情况。

24．C。as引导时间状语从句，当“一边……一边……”讲，表示前后萌个动作同时发生。

25．B。由全文判断，这位残疾妇女应是意志“坚定”。

26．C。此处应是前来“加油助威的人群(cheering crowd)”。

27．C。考查副词所表示的逻辑关系，上下文应是“转折关系”。

28．B。这位残疾妇女唯一的支持者一直在终点线那儿自豪地“等着”她。

29．C。此处应是“握着”缎带的一端。

30．B。缎带的一端“系”在一根柱子上，让这位跑在最后的选手“撞线”。

31．D。这位残疾妇女成为作者“人生”的一部分，时刻鼓舞着他。

32．D。这价妇女参赛的目的显然不是“击败”别的选手或获奖。

33．A。这位妇女参赛是想通过自己的努力去“完成”自己想干的事情。

34．D。这位妇女去“完成”自己想干的事情，不管是“什么”事情。

35．C。作者受到鼓舞，再难的事情也变得“容易”了。

【阅读理解】

36．A。从文章第一段的第二句和文章第二段我们可知，由于人们在家的粗心造成的事故。

37．D。从文章第二段的最后一句话可知答案为D项。

38．B。从文章第三段的第一句话可知答案为B，即药品应放在孩子够不着的地方。

39．C。从文章最后一段可知，孩子应远离火。

40．A。第一段主要讲述了老鼠给人类带来的各种破坏和灾难。

41．B。由上下文和后面的available food可知，devour应是“吃下；吞下”之意。

42．B。从本文的第二段可知，14世纪欧洲鼠疫泛滥，导致了欧洲很多年都在“黑死病”的笼罩之中，造成了大量的死亡。

43．C。由最后一段第二句可知。

【对话填空】

44. produce 45. comments 46. express 47. description 48. information

49. another 50. name 51. humorous 52. with 53. interviews

【书面表达】

Hi, Phil,

I’d like you to organize a trip to Scotland for us. I have here a group of 32 Chinese students studying in Nottingham University, who want to go on a seven-day tour during the Christmas days. I hope we can have a coach which will take us to Scotland and then bring us back to Nottingham. We also need a guide who speaks standard English and knows Scotland well. I would be very grateful if you can work out an itinerary as soon as possible and tell me about our accommodation, meals as well as how much each of us has to pay. If you have any information, please either email me or call me at 07747745007.

Looking forward to your early reply.

Yours Truly.

Jack

篇19：高考一轮复习资料-江苏牛津英语模块三第 十二 讲(译林牛津版高考复习英语必修三教案教学设计)

模块三 语法专练：名词性从句

【考点透视】

在中学英语中，名词性从句是复合句中构成和分类最为复杂的部分。根据近年来高考英语命题的走向，今后它将仍然是考查的热点。其主要考点分布在：名词性从句的语序、名词性从句的连接词的辨析、有关名词性从句的常见句型等。

名词性从句在句中的作用相当于名词，共有四种：主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。

引导名词性从句的连词有：

①连接代词：who，whose，whom，what，which。

②连接副词：when，where，why，how。

③其他连接词：that，whether，if，as if。

注意：

①连接代词和连接副词在句中不是疑问词，因此从句中不用疑问式(即不要倒装)。

②连接代词和连接副词在句中充当句子成分。

③连接词that，whether，if，as if在句中只起连接作用，不充当句子成分。

（一）主语从句

主语从句在句中作主语，它可以放在主句谓语动词之前，但是当主语从句太长时，同是把它放在句子后部，前面用it作形式主语，如：

It doesn’t matter so much whether you will come or not. 你来还是不来，关系不大。

(whether you will come or not是主语从句，it在句中作形式主语)

（二）表语从句

表语从句在句中作表语，位于主句系动词之后。如：

That’s why he was late.

注意：表语从句还可用as if引导。如：

She looked as if she was going to cry.

（三）宾语从句

宾语从句在句子中作及物动词或介词宾语，在使用宾语从句时有以下几点需要注意：

1．时态呼应：当主句谓语动词是过去时态，宾语从句要使用过去时态的某种形式。

2．介词之后的宾语从句，一般不用if或which连接，要用what或whether。

3．whether和if都可以引导动词之后的宾语从句，二者常可互换，但是在正式文体中．或从句中有or not时，只用whether，不用if。

4．注意否定前移：当主句是I / We think (或suppose，expect，believe，imagine，guess) 时，其后的宾语从句如果是否定的，常常把否定词not从从句移到主句。比较：

I think you are not right.

I don’t think you are right.

I believe they won’t win the game.

I don’t believe they will win the game.

（四）同位语从句

同位语从句一般跟在某些表示抽象概念的名词后面，用以说明名词所表示的具体内容。常跟同位语从句的名词主要有：idea，news，fact，promise，answer，belief，condition．doubt，fear，hope，problem，proof，question，reply，report，suggestion，thought，truth等。

同位语从句可由that，whether，when，how等连词引导。

【题例精析】

【例1】 Your ability has never been in doubt - the question is _______ you are prepared to work hard. （2007启东中学3月卷）

A. that B. whether

C. if D. how

【易错点悟】解答该题的关键是要注意连接词if 和whether引导名词性从句的用法区别。

【要点精析】根据题干意义“……问题是你是否准备努力学习”，因此选项A、D不符合句子意思；if在名词性从句中仅可以连接宾语从句，不可引导其它名词性从句，故应排除。

【答案】B

【例2】The recent information has been put forward________ more high school graduates will be admitted into universities.

A. as B. which

C. while D. that

【易错点悟】解答该题的关键是分析句子意思，推断从句类型。

【要点精析】该题是主语从句，分析从句意义可知，选项B、C、D连接主语从句时，意义不成立，故应选连接词that，that在此无意义，仅起连接作用。

【答案】A

【专项检测】

1. After ten years, she changed a lot and looked different from ______ she used to be.

A. that B. whom

C. what D. who

2. Who do you think the doctor will have _______ first, John or Kate?

A. examine B. to examine

C. examining D. examined

3. ―What Re you anxious about?

―__________.

A. Whether we can succeed B. If we succeed

C. Do we succeed D. That we can succeed

4. Everything depends on ________ they will support you about it.

A. if B. which

C. whether D. that

5. Lily has some idea ______ she’s going to be when she grows up.

A. what B. that

C. as D. which

6. _____ happens to call while I am out of the office, please have him leave the message for me.

A. Who B. Anyone

C. Someone D. Whoever

7. ―Would you like to have a swim with us in the sea?

―I will ask my palms _________.

A. whether they will agree to do B. if they let me go

C. if they will let me go D. whether they allow me to

8. The reason why I plan to go is _______ if I don’t.

A. because she will be disappointed

B. that she will be disappointed

C. because she will have a disappointment

D. for she will be disappointed

9. ―I rang you at about ten, but there was no reply.

― Oh, that was probably ______ I was seeing a doeth.

A. when B. why

C. what D. that

10. That is _______ I was born and grew up.

A. there B. in which

C. where D. the place

11. Please tell me _____ you would like to have your coffee ―black or white?

A. what B. where

C. when D. how

12. I don’t think ______ Jenny can come home this weekend.

A. if B. why

C. that D. when

13. ______ get such a book?

A. Where do you think can I B. Do you think where can I

C. Do you think when I can D. Where do you think I can

14. ―My foot hurts terribly, doctor.

―Well, I wonder ______ it has been like this.

A. since when B. since then

C. how D. when

15. ―Do you know _____ Mr. Black’s address is?

―He may live at No. 18 or 19 Bridge Street. I’m not sure of ________.

A. what; which B. where; which

C. where; what D. what; where

16. Those children me wild. I feel sorry for _______ has to be their babysitter.

A. whoever B. who

C. whomever D. someone

17. ―Do _______ you think is right, _________ they say.

―Yes. I_________.

A. as; what; do B. as; whatever; will

C. what; what; can D. what; whatever; will

18. Do you know _______ the peasants make of the fallen fruit?

A. how B. how useful

C. what D. what use

19. ―John has got a very good job in the government.

―_______ he looks so happy.

A. It’s natural B. That’s because

C. No wonder D. As though

20. ―Do you mind if Jim will come to help?

― I really don’t know ______ a person like him can help me with.

A. what B that

C. how D. if

21. It was said _____ was all ______ he said.

A. that that; that B. that that what

C. which it; that D. that what; that

22. A man’s worth lies not so much in _____ he has but in _______ he is.

A. what; who B. what; what

C. that; that D. what; all

23. He was so angry at all _______ he was doing ________ he walked out.

A. what; that B. that; that

C. that; what D. what; what

24. If the south had won the war,________ is now the United States might have been divided into several countries.

A. what B. where

C. then D. that

25. It was with great courage ______ the boy told the truth _______ he had stolen the money.

A. which; that B. when; what

C. as; that D. that; that

26. ________ I can’t understand is ________ she wants to change her mind.

A. What; why B. Which; bow

C. That; why D. What; because

27. That was______ was first called “India” by Columbus.

A. what B. where

C. ale place D. then, where

28. It is said that the famous football star is not waling to play for ________ would pay him three million dollars a year.

A. anyone B. whomever

C. no matter who D. whoever

29. ―Did you hear the news this morning?

―Oh, yes, ________ was announced on the radio has caused great excitement among pupils.

A. that B. what

C. something D. all what

30. In some countries, ________ are called “public schools” are not owned by the public.

A. which B. as

C. what D. that

31. ________ happens in the world makes us happy and sad by turns.

A. That B. What

C. Which D. Whether

32. One of the men present held the view _______ the book said was fight.

A. what that B. what

C. that D. that what

33. Living things are dying nut quickly. First, we should ask ______ destroying them in the past years.

A. what pad people have been playing

B. people have played in

C. what part people have played in

D. people have been playing what part

34. I remember_______ the factory owned a small workshop and 2 machines.

A. when B. how

C. whether D. what

35. _______ people spend so much money on their pets _________ us a lot.

A. That; surprises B. What; surprising

C. How; are surprised D. That; is surprised

36. Now that you have a job, you must exert yourself in _______ you do at work.

A. however B. no matter what

C. no matter how D. whatever

37. Mary said it was very important to her that she ________ her work.

A. is liking B. like

C. likes D. liked

38. _______ all the inventions have in common is _______ they have succeeded.

A. What; what B. That; that

C. What; that D. That; what

39. The boy dived into the water and after _______ seemed to be a long time. he came up again.

A. what B. that

C. it D. which

40. It was not until dark _____ he found _______ he thought was the correct way to solve the problem.

A. that; what B. that; that

C. when; that D. wheal what

41. Professor Lee’s book will show you _____ can be used in other fields.

A. that you have obeyed B. how that yon have observe

C. how that you have observed D. how what you have observed

42. Scientists believe native Americans arrived by crossing the land bridge that connected Siberia and _______ more than 10,000 years ago.

A. this is Alaska B. Alaska is now

C. is now Alike D. what is now Alaska

43. Mr. Brown said that he was always right, then I discovered, _________ was news to me, to _____he was wrong.

A. which; because B. which; as

C. what; that D. it; that

44. Why don't you bring _________ to his attention that you are too busy to do it?

A. this B. that

C. what D. it

45. We believe ________ you have been devoted to _______ naturally of great necessity.

A. that; being B. all that; be

C. that all; are D. what; is

46. Having traveled eight hours on end, we finally reached ______ is now a big city.

A. which B. what

C. where D. it

47. She knew nothing about his journey _______ he is likely to be away for three months.

A. except B. except for

C. except mm D. in addition

48. All I want to say is _______ we need more time.

A. this B. it

C. that D. which

49. His ability has never been in doubt ― the question is ______ he is prepared to work hard.

A. whether B. if

C. that D. where

50. ________ they were in truth sisters was clear from the facial resemblance between them.

A. What B. That

C. How D. Whether

51. ―Where would you like to go?

―I don't mind _____ I go; I will go _____ you want to go.

A. where; the place B. where; wherever

C. the place; wherever D. wherever; no matter where

52. Although ________ happened in that developed country sounds like science fiction, it could occur elsewhere in the world.

A. this B. what

C. how D. it

53. I'm wondering _______ he expects will win the gold medal in the men's Single.

A. who B. whom

C. which D what

54. ―What is that building?

― ________ the students have their dancing classes.

A. The building that B. There

C. That's the building which D. That's where

55. ―I don't think that Bob will come here again today.

―Please give the book to _______ comes here first.

A. whoever B. whomever

C. who D. whom

56. We decided, in view of his special circumstances, ________ we would admit him for a short period.

A. / B. that

C. whether D. what

57. The doctors are trying to reduce the patient’s fear _________he would die of the disease.

A. which B. when

C. that D. if

58. It is strange that such a thing _________ in your school.

A. will happen B. happens

C. should happen D. happened

59. Is it true ________ the rain stops, it will be as hot as in the summer here? (2006启东4月卷)

A. when B. that when

C. whenever D. that

60. Nobody believed his reason for being absent from the class _____ he had to meet his uncle at the airport. （2006重庆卷）

A. why B. that

C. where D. because

61. Please remind me ____ he said he was going. I may be in time to see him off. (2006全国卷I)

A. where B. when

C. how D. what

62. ―It’s thirty years since we last met.

―But I still remember the story, believe it or not, ____ we got lost on a rainy night.

(2006四川卷)

A. which B. that

C. what D. when

【答案解析】

1．C。what he /she / it used to be已经成为一种习惯说法，意为“过去的样子”。what指一种情况，并非指人，所以不可用who/whom。正确答案是C。

2．D。who可以代替whom在句中作have的宾语。而examined和宾语存在被动关系，用作宾语补足语。正确答案是D。

3．A。主句承前省略，答案只保留了宾语从句，这样不管在意义和结构方面都要和宾语从句一致；由上下文情景可知A选项最佳。

4．C。depend on是固定词组“依靠”，其中介词on之后的宾语从句只可用whether引导。

5．A。idea是从句前面的先行名词；what引导同位语从句，在从句中作宾语。很明显从句部分是对前面先行名词的具体内容的进一步说明。正确答案是A。

6．D。whoever表示“无论是谁”。正确答案是D。

7．C。本题考点是宾语从句。go是第一次出现，不可省略；是“父母亲让我去(let me go)”才合题意。正确答案是C。

8．B。the reason后面的表语从句中应用that而不是because引导。正确答案是B。

9．A。题意：“你十点钟打电话时”正是“我看医生之时”。在题干中用作表语从句。

10．C。where引导表语从句，B项不能引导表语从句，其他选项意思与题干不符。

11．D。加牛奶的咖啡为white coffee，所以black or white表示方式，这样以说明说话人想要表达的准确意义。正确答案是D。

12．C。本题考查宾语从句。Jenny can come home this weekend是个完整的句子，因此引导词用that。

13．D。do you think为插入语，在含有插入语的句子中，谓语动词用陈述句语序。正确答案是D。

14．A。句意所缺部分表示“自从何时起”。when引导的部分说明的是一个时间点。

15．A。What's one's address?是表示问某人地址的交际语，不可用when。which描指代十八或十九中的一个。

16．A。所缺引导词引导宾语从句且作has的主语。因此要使用主格，在从句中充当主语。

17．D。you think为插入语；whatever引导让步状语从句；I will表示将来的动作。正确答案是D。

18．D。make use of 中的use被当作了先行词。正确答案是D。

19．C。no wonder表示“难怪；怪不得”。后面的部分用作同位语从句。

20．A。本题考点是宾语从句。其中help sb. with sth.用法中的宾语由what充当。

21．A。本题考查 it + be + v-ed +that-从句。第一个空中的第二个that表示“那”，第二空中的that引导定语从句修饰all。正确答案是A。

22．B。he has和he is后分别需要宾语和表语，what引导从句。正确答案是B。

23．B。第一空中由that引导定语从句，第二空后是so ... that...引导的结果状语从句。

24．A。what引导土语从句，吐在主句中用作主语。

25．D。第一空引导强调句，后一空引导同位语从句，其先行名词是truth，说明其具体内容。

26．A。what引导主语从句，且作understand的宾语，后一空表示原因。

27．A。本题考查主语从句。what引导主语从句，且作was called的主语。

28，D。whoever引导宾语从句，且作would pay的主语。

29．B。what引导主语从句，且作主语。

30．C。what引导主语从句，并在主语从句中作主语。句意为“在许多国家，所谓的公立学校并非公众所有”。

31．B。that引导主语从句只起连接作用，在从句中不作任何成分，无意义，但不能省略。what除引导主语外，还在从句中作成分。which指一定范围内的“哪一个”；whether意为“是否”。根据句意“世上的事喜忧交替”可知答案为B。

32．D。that引导同位语从句：what the book said是同位语从句中的主语。正确答案是D。

33．C。宾语从句应用陈述语序，play a part in意为“(在……中)扮演角色，(在……中)起作用”。

34．A。该属考查when引导的宾语从句。句意为“我记得曾经这个工厂只有一个小车间和两台机器”，只有when指时间。

35．A。第一空考查主语从句，主谓宾齐全，要用that引导，第二空考查谓语动词，用单数形式。

36．D。在介词的宾语从句中作do的宾语，要用what或whoever。

37．B。在It is important/necessary that ...句型中，it是形式主语，其后的从句是主语从句；主语从句要用虚拟语气，should可省略。直接用动词原形。

38．C。第一空考查主语从句中what充当have的宾语，第二空考查表语从句，不缺成分，that不可省。

39．A。在after之后的宾语从句中缺主语要用what，而不用it，表示the period/time that，意为“在那看似很长的一段时间之后”。

40．A。第一空是考查not until的强调句型，第二空是宾语从句中的主语，用what。

41．D。这是宾语从句里再带有主语从句的复杂的句子。章为：“李教授的书将告诉你所观察到的东西如何应用到其他领域”。

42．D。考查宾语从句中充当主语的方法。what相当于the place that...。

43．C。第一空是考查插入语的用法，第二空是宾语从句以that引导。

44．D。考查it作形式宾语的用法。真正的宾语为后面的that从句。

45．D。本题考查宾语从句中包含主语从句的用法。第一空what在主语从句中作devote to的宾语。第二空be of great necessity表示“很有必要”。

46．D。考查宾语从句中what充当主语的用法。what相当于the place that。故答案是B。

47．C。A、B项是介词，不可接从句。此题考查“except(介词) + 宾语从句”的用法。

48．C。在表语从句中不充当成分的用that，不可省略。故正确答案是C。

49．A。考查以whether引导的名词性从句在句中作表语。意为：“他的能力毋庸置疑--问题是他是否准备努力工作。”故正确答案是A。

50．B。在主语从句中不缺成分，用that，不可省略。意为：“她们是真正的姐妹，这从她们的面部长相就可看出。”故正确答案是B。

51．B。第一空考查以what引导的从句作mind的宾语。第二空是wherever引导的让步状语从句。

52．B。让步状语从句中又带有一个主语从句，并且作主语，用what。故正确答案是B。

53．A。在wondering后的宾语从句中，who作主语，并且带有插入语he expects。

54．D。考查以where引导的表语从句，如用C要改为：That's the building when...那就是where引导的定语从句。故正确答案是D。

55．A。whoever既引导名词性从句作介词to的宾语，又在从句中作主语，表示“任何一个”，不可用whoever。

56．B。... in view of his special circumstances表示“鉴于他的特殊情况”，作插人语，后面是以that引导的宾语从句。故正确答案是D。

57．C。考查以that引导的名词性从句作fear的同位语，在从句中不充当成分。

58．C。在It’s strange / necessary / important ... that ...句型中，用虚拟语气，should十动词，should可以省略，但不可以换成would。

59．B。that引导的是主语从句。when the rain stops在主语从句中是时间状语从句。

60．B。题干中的reason是同位语从句中的先行名词，该名词和其后的从句被介词短语分隔，这样给解题造成一定的难度。reason后的同位语从句用that引导。本题答案B。

61．B。本题考查宾语从句的连接词。根据上下文的意思，后半部分说的是“我可以及时去给他送行”，说明要求提示的是“时间”。本题答案为B。

62．B。本题考查同位语从句。其中先行词和从句部分被插入语所分隔。从句具体说明了先行名词的内容。本题答案为B。

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