以下是小编为大家整理的can/could等七组情态动词(人教版 高考复习下册)(共含10篇），仅供参考，欢迎大家阅读。同时，但愿您也能像本文投稿人“旺旺碎冰冰”一样，积极向本站投稿分享好文章。
简介： ppt制作 Mary had a little lamb, little lamb, little lamb,
Mary had a little lamb.
Its fleece was white as snow;
Everywhere that Mary went, Mary went, Mary went,
Everywhere that Mary went, the lamb was sure to go.
It followed her to school one day,
School one day, School one day,
It followed her to school one day.. 上传者：xiaozhou xiaozhou@friend.com
相关课件：考研英语：语法大全(情态动词-can,could)
情态动词――can， could
can和could
can的词义
表示体力或脑力方面的“能力”或客观上的“可能”。如：
Can you ride a bike？ Yes，I can.你能骑自行车吗？是的，我能骑。
Can Mr. Smith use chopsticks？ No，he can't .史密斯先生会用筷子吗？不，他不会。
Most women here can read and write now.这里的多数妇女都能识字，也会写字。
In China even barren mountains can be turned into fertile fields.在中国，荒山也能变成良田。
can用在否定句和疑问句中时
在这种句子中，can常可意谓“可能”，表示猜测和推理。如：
It surely can't be six o'clock already？不可能已经六点钟了吧？
You can't be hungry so soon，Tom. You've just had lunch.顿姆，你不可能饿得这么快，你刚吃过午饭。
She cannot be so careless.她不可能这么粗心。
Where can he be？他会在什么地方呢？
What can he mean？他会是什么意思呢？
It surely can't be six o'clock already？不可能已经是六点钟了吧？
注一：can加动词的进行时态，也可表示“可能”。如：
What can he be doing all this time？他一直会是在干什么呢？
She cannot be playing ping-pong now.她现在不可能在打乒乓球。
注二：在日常会话中，can可代替may表示“允许”，may比较正式，如：
You can drop in any time.你随时都可以来串门。
Can I use your basin？ of course，you can.我可以用你的脸盆吗？――当然可以。
You can have my seat，I'm going now.我要走了，你坐我的座位吧。
Could
could是Call的过去式，表示与过去有关的1）能力和2）可能（在否定和疑问句中）。如：
1）We were sure that he could do the work.我们肯定他能做这工作。
He was a farmhand. He could not afford to send his son to school.他是个雇农，他供不起儿子上学。
2）At that time we thought the Story could not be true.那时我们以为所说的事不可能是真的。
注： could可代替can表示现在，但语气较为婉转。如：
could you wait half an hour？请你等半个小时好吗？
could you please ring up again at six？六点钟请你再来电话好吗？
could we visit a kindergarten？ I've been wanting to see one ever since I came to China.我们可以访问一个幼儿园吗？我自从到中国来以后，一直想看一所幼儿园。
注二：表示过去的能力并已完成一具体动作时须用were （was） able （to），不可用could.如：
I am glad we were able to catch the train.我很高兴我们能赶上火车。但如未完成一具体动作，则可用could not.如：
I am sorry we couldn't （或weren't able to） catch the train.我很遗憾我们没有能赶上火车。
can的形式
can只有现在式can和过去式could两种形式，能表示现在一般和过去一般两种时态，有时也能表示将来。所有其他时态（包括将来）须用be able加动词不定式来表示。如：
With their help， we shall be able to finish the work in a few days.有他们的协助，我们将会在几天之内完成这项工作。
They have not been able to come to Boston.他们没有能到波斯顿来。
Mr. Johnson rang up just now to Say that he won't be able to come over this evening.约翰逊先生刚来电话，说今天晚上他来不了。
can，could用于否定或疑问句中
can （could）用于否定或疑问句中后面跟动词原形的完成式时，表示对过去发生事件的“可能性”。而could较can更加表示说话人的“不肯定的.”语气。如：
Can he have left already？他会是走了吗？
Could she have forgotten my address？她会把我的地址忘记了吗？
It couldn't have been henry. He has gone to the factory.不可能是亨利，他已经去工厂了。
Surely she can not have arrived so early.他当然不可能这么早到这里的。
注：could加动词的完成式时，有时表示“过去可能完成但事实上并没有实现的动作”。如：
You could have done the work better.你本来可以做得更好些。（事实上你做得不那么好）
You could have got the early train.你本来可以搭上早班火车的。（事实上没搭上）
情态动词must, can, could, may, might
表推测的用法：
情态动词中的must, can, could, may, might都表推测。其中must的可能性最大，can / could次之，may / might最小。具体用法如下：
1. must的用法
（1）表示推测“可能性”时，意思是“一定、准是”，语气较肯定，较有把握。
He must be American. = It is certain that he is American. 他准是个美国人。
（2）must表推测只能用于肯定句。如果要表示“一定不、肯定不”的意思时，应用can`t,如询问某种可能时，应用can。
He must know my address. 他肯定知道我的地址。（一定）
He can`t know my address. 他肯定不知道我的地址。（一定不）
Can he know my address? 他知道我的地址吗？（询问可能性）
（3）must表示推测时，可以推测现在/正在发生的动作/过去发生的动作。
He must have a car now. （现在）他一定有辆小汽车。
He must be doing his exercises in the classroom.（正在进行）他一定在教室里做练习。
He must have finished the work.（过去发生）他一定已完成了工作。
注：must表示推测时很少用于将来的情况。一般不用He must come tomorrow.可用It`s certain / I`m sure that he will come tomorrow.
（4）在反意疑问句中，当附属部分含有表示推测意义的must时，疑问部分的助动词应与must后面的动词在非推测情况下的用法保持一致。
He must be a worker, isn`t he? （现在）他准时个工人，是吗？
It must have rained last night, didn`t it? （过去）昨晚一定下雨了，是不是？
You must have learned English for many years, haven`t you? （完成时）你一定学了好多年英语，是吗？
2. can / could的用法
（1）can表示推测“可能性”时，往往用于否定句或疑问句。Can`t“一定不”，语气很肯定。can在疑问句中意思是“会、可能”。
He can`t be at home. = It is impossible that he is at home. 他一定不在家。
（2）can /can`t后可接进行时/完成时，表示对现在发生的动作或过去发生的动作进行推测。
They can`t be reading in the library. 他们一定不在图书馆读书。
He can`t have gone to Shanghai for I saw him a minute ago.
他不可能去了上海，我刚才还看见他。
It`s so late. Where can she have gone? 天晚了，她可能去哪儿了呢？
（3）在反意疑问句中，当陈述部分含有表示推测意义的can`t时，疑问部分的助动词应与can`t后面的动词在非推测情况下的用法保持一致.
He can`t be a teacher, is he? 他不是教师，是吗？
She can`t have finished her homework, has she?
她一定没有完成家庭作业，是不是？
（4）could可用于表示某事有可能发生或可能是事实。
Don`t eat it. It could be poisonous. 不要吃它，可能有毒。
The plane could be delayed by fog. 飞机可能会因为雾晚点。
（5）could还可以用于表示客气、委婉、礼貌的请求语气。
Excuse me, could you tell me the way to the bus station?
Could you help me?
（6）couldn`t表示否定推测，表示某事不可能真实，或由于特定事实或环境某事肯定不会发生。
It couldn`t possibly be poison. 这不可能是毒药。
注：有时与形容词的比较级连用强调某人或某物不可能再更多地具有某种属性。
You couldn`t be more wrong. 你真是大错特错。
I couldn`t be happier. 我简直是幸福极了。
3. may和might的用法
（1） may, might表示推测“可能性”时，意思是“可能”、“也许”，语气没有 must肯定。
He may / might be American. = It is possible that he is American.
他可能是个美国人。
注：might不表示过去时态，只是语气上比may更委婉，表示的可能性更小。
（2）may, might表推测时，可以用于否定句，意思是“可能不、也许不”，但不用于疑问句。
He may / might not be at home. 他也许不在家。
（3）may, might可以推测现在正在发生的动作或过去发生的动作。
He may / might be sleeping now. （现在）他可能正在睡觉。
The boy may / might not be watching TV at home. （现在）
这个男孩可能没在家看电视
These students may / might have seen the film before.（过去）
这些学生以前可能看过这部电影。
（4）may, might还可以推测将来的情况。
I think we should take raincoat with us, it may rain.
我想我们应该带上雨衣，可能要下雨了。
She might not come this afternoon. 她今天下午可能不来了。
Exercises: Complete the sentences using“must”or“can`t”.
1. I have tried to call him at the office, but there is no reply. He be at home.
2. They have bought a new car. They have a lot of money.
3. She is carrying a Japanese newspaper. She be Chinese.
4. He goes abroad a lot, He have an important job.
5. She is a professor at the university. She be very clever.
6. She is acting in a Shakespeare play tomorrow. She be an actress.
一. Choose the best answers to complete the following sentences:
1. I thought you like something to read. So I have brought you some books.
A. ought B. might C. could D. must
2. –That man must be Sarah`s husband.
--No, he be her husband. She is still single.
A. can`t B. mustn`t C. may not D. ought to
3. Peter come with us tonight, but he isn`t very sure.
A. must B. may C. can D. will
4. –What it be?
--It be a mail box, for it is moving. It be a car.
A. can; can`t; must B. can; can; must
C. can; mustn`t; must D. must; mustn`t; can
5. –Look, someone is coming. Guess .
--Jack. He`s always on time.
A. who can it be B. who he may
C. who he can be D. who it can be
6. –I saw Mary in the library yesterday.
--You her. She is still abroad.
A. mustn`t see B. can`t have seen
C. mustn`t have seen D. couldn`t see
7. David, you play with the valuable bottle, you break it.
A. won`t; can`t B. mustn`t; may
C. shouldn`t; must D. can`t; shouldn`t
8. Susan refuses to marry Jack now. She her mind.
A. must change B. should have changed
C. must have changed D. would have changed
9. Sue come together with us tonight, but she isn`t very sure yet.
A. must B. may C. need D. will
10. Aunt Margaret the rain, otherwise she would have arrived here by now.
A. must have missed B. should have missed
C. had missed D. might miss
二. Fill in the blanks using must / can / could / may / might and their negative forms.
1. –Could I borrow your dictionary?
--Yes, of course you .
2. She doesn`t answer the bell. She be asleep.
3. The ground is wet. It have rained last night.
4. He is writing with a pencil. He have lost his pen.
5. A computer think for itself, it be told what to do.
6. There is much gas here, you smoke here.
7. –Was he present at the meeting?
--He not have attended it, for he was busy repairing his car all the time.
8. Look! An old man is lying in the middle of the street. He be hurt in an accident.
9. Nobody saw her at the meeting yesterday, she have spoken at the meeting
10. –My goodness. I just missed the train.
--That`s too bad. I am sure you have caught it, if you had hurried.
责任编辑：李芳芳
情态动词(Modal verbs)本身有一定的词义，表示语气的单词。但不能独立作谓语，只能和动词原形一起构成谓语。情态动词用在行为动词前，表示说话人对这一动作或状态的看法或主观设想。情态动词虽然数量不多，但用途广泛，主要有下列： can (could), may (might), must, need,ought to, dare (dared), shall (should), will (would) must not。
2.can, could的用法
can和could都可以表示“能力”：
Can you type as fast as she?
你能打(字)得她那样快吗?
They can help you in two ways.
他们能够从两个方面帮助你。
Tom could drink two bottles of beer at a time.
汤姆一次能喝两瓶啤酒。
Only a few people could see through the trick.
只有一些人能够看穿这种骗术。
Can, could表示请求、许可，但could比can更委婉、客气：
Can you lend me your bike?
你能借单车给我吗?
You can use my bike.
你可以用我的单车。
Could you repeat it?
你能重复一遍吗?
Could you inform us?
你能通知我们吗?
can, could表示“可能性”：
That can be a wrong number.
那可能是个错误的号码。
This time it can not be wrong.
这次错不了。
It could bea false address.
那可能是个假的地址。
No one could be so careless.
没人会如此粗心。
3.dare, dared用法
dare, dared表示“敢于”，主要用于疑问句、否定句和条件句中：
She dare not walk in the dark.
她不敢在黑暗中行走。
How dare he say that?
他竟敢说那种话?
If he dare be absent, he will be punished.
如果他敢于缺席，他会受到处罚。
They dared not go out.
他们不敢出去。
注意：
dare也常用作实义动词：They didn’t dare to go out.
情态动词
情态动词一般用法，大家都比较熟悉，但是，到了高中阶段，它的用法外延的比较多，很难理解和掌握。这里，就其考点列举如下：
一． 情态动词的现在完成式的用法
情态动词现在完成式主要有两个功能：表示已经发生的情况和表示虚拟语气。在这两个方面must/mustn’t;can/cann’t;need/needn’t;may/mayn’t;might/mightn’t;should/shouldn’t; oughtn’t等情态动词＋完成式表示的意思是有一定区别的
1． 表示已经发生的情况。
1） must have+过去分词，表示对已发生情况的肯定推测，译为“（昨天）一定……如：
My pain____apparent the moment I walked into the room, for the first man I met asked sympathetically:” Are you feeling all right?”
A must be B had been C must have been D had to be
2） can’t / couldn’t have+过去分词，表示对已发生情况的否定推测，译为“（昨天）一定没……”,如：
Mary____my letter; otherwise she would have replied before
A couldn’t have received B ought to have received
C has received D shouldn’t have received
3） may / might have +过去分词，表示对已发生的事情做不肯定、可能性很小的推测，或事实上根本没发生，译为“也许……”。如：
At Florida Power’s Crystal River plant, a potentially serious leakage of radioactive water may have been unknowingly caused by an electrician.
2．表示虚拟语气。
1) needn’t have + 过去分词，表示做了不必做的事，相当于”didn’t need to do”,译为“其实没必要……”。如：
As it turned out to be a small house party, we____so formally.
A needn’t dress up B did not need have dressed up
C did not need dress up D needn’t have dressed up
2）should have +过去分词，表示应该做某事但实际上未做，译为“本应该……”should not + have过去分词表示本不应该做某事但实际上做了，译为“本不应该……”。如：
I regret having left the work unfinished; I should have planned everything ahead carefully.
（我本来应该事先认真地把每件事情规划的很好，但实际上作者还是没有规划好，以至工作没有完成。）
3) ought to have +过去分词，表示动作按理该发生了，但实际上未发生，译为“该……”，与should 的完成式含义类似。如：
You ought to have told him that the paint on that seat was wet..
4) could have +过去分词，表示过去本来可以做但却未做，译为“完全可以……”。这点与ought/should/ have +过去分词用法相似。如：
What you said is right, but you could have done it better.
5) may/ might have +过去分词，表示过去可以做但实际未做，译为“（那样）也许会……”。如：
You may have noticed something while you were doing this task.
3.几个情态动词常考的句型：
1)may/might (just) as well “不妨，最好”，与had better相近,意为“最好，还是，不妨”。
You may as well repeat the experiment.
2) cannot / can’t…too …“越……越好，怎么也不过分”。注意这个句型的变体cannot…over….如：
You cannot be too careful when you drive a car.驾车时候，越小心越好。
3) usedn’t 或did’t use to 为used to (do) 的否定式。
Tom used not to rise at six every morning.
4）should 除了“应该”一层意思外，考研大纲还规定要掌握其“竟然”的意思。如：
I didn’t expect that he should have behaved like that. 我无法想象他竟然这样做。
二． 情态动词被动关系的主动表达法
1． want, require, worth（形容词）后面接doing也可以表示被动意义。
Your hair wants cutting
The work is worth reading
The floor requires washing.
2．need既可以用need to be done 也可以使用need doing ，两种形式都表达被动的意义
The house needs painting= the house needs to be painted.
The watch needed repairing= the watch needed to be repaired.
补充：
had better, should, ought to是重要的情态动词，也是高考重要考点，学习时应注意下列几点：
一、了解相互间关系
had better(最好), should(应该)与ought to（应该）均为提建议、阐述观点的情态动词，其后接动词原形。should 比had better语气强，ought to语气最强。一般情况下should与ought to可通用。
例1：You had better go there at once. 你最好立即去那里。
例2：You ought to / should work hard.你应该努力工作。
值得注意的是：should还有“竟然”之意，表出乎意料。
例：You can't imagine that a well-behaved gentleman should be so rude to a lady. 你真是难以想象这么一个有风度的先生对一个女子是如此之粗鲁。
二、 掌握句型变换方法
had better, should, ought to作为情态动词，各种句型变换均在自身形式上作变化。
（一）否定句
had better, should, ought to用于否定句时，否定词均位于其后，具体形式为：had better not do, shouldn't / should not do, oughtn't to do。
例1：You had better not start at this time. 此时你最好别出发。
例2：He shouldn't be careless in class. 他上课时不应粗心。
例3：She oughtn't to waste time. 她不应该浪费时间。
（二）一般疑问句
had better, should, ought to用于一般疑问句时，分别将had, should, ought提至句首。
例1：Had he better start early at once? 他最好立即出发吗？
例2：Should you do like this? 你应该这么做吗？
例3：Ought he to go there? 他应该去那里吗？
（三）反意疑问句
陈述句谓语动词含had better, should, ought to时，反意疑问句为：had, should与ought+主格人称代词或hadn't, shouldn't, oughtn't+主格人称代词。
例1：You had better not go home, had you? 你最好别回家，是吗？
例2：You should study hard,
shouldn't you? 你应该认真学习，是吗？
例3：He oughtn't to speak in class, ought he? 你上课不应该讲话，是吗？
三、 掌握其完成式用法
had better没有完成式，should与ought to完成式意义与用法完全相同。
（一）should/ought to have done 意为本来应做但实际没有做，表达遗憾的感情色彩。
例：There was a lot of fun at yesterday's party. You ________ come, but why didn't you?
A. must have B. should C. need have D. ought to have
析：答案D。 该空含你本来应来但实际未来之意，应填ought to have。
（二）should / oughtn't to have done，意为本来不应做但实际已做，表达遗憾的感情色彩。
例：I was really anxious about you. You ________ home without a word.
A. mustn't leave
B. shouldn't have left
C. couldn't have left
D. needn't leave
析：答案B。 该空含你本不应该一句话不说就离开家但实际已这么做之意，所以应填shouldn't have left。
责任编辑：李芳芳
高考英语复习专练-情态动词、虚拟语气
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. ―― Don’t forget to bring my new books tomorrow afternoon.
―― No, I＿＿＿＿＿＿＿.
A. don’t B. can’t C. won’t D. couldn’t
2. ―― I hear you’ve got a set of Australian coins.＿＿＿I have a look?
―― Yes, certainly.
A. Do B. May C.Shall D. Should
3. He seldom listens to others. He＿＿＿＿＿answer for what he has done.
A. shall B. will C. can D. would
4. ―― May I leave the office before 5 o’clock in the afternoon?
―― No, I’m afraid you＿＿＿＿＿＿＿.
A. needn’t B. shouldn’t C. mustn't D. won’t
5. ―― Shall I tell John about it?
―― No, you＿＿＿＿. I don’t know his telephone number.
A. needn’t B. wouldn’t C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t
6. Mr Bush is on time for everything. How＿＿＿it be that he was late for the opening ceremony?
A. can B. should C. may D. must
7. The traffic light is red, so I＿＿＿＿＿＿stop my car.
A. must B. have to C. can D. mustn’t
8. ―― What happened to the young trees we planted?
―― The trees＿＿＿＿＿＿well, but I didn’t water them.
A. might grow B. needn’t have grown
C. would grow D. would have grown
9. I was really anxious about you. You＿＿＿home without a word.
A. mustn’t leave B. shouldn’t have left
C. couldn’t have left D. needn’t leave
10. Children＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿in public very often.
A. should be praised B. shouldn’t have praised
C. shouldn’t have been praised
D. shouldn’t be praised
11. Let’s clean the classroom, ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿?
A. won’t you B. shall we
C. do we D. will not you
12. Tom＿＿＿＿＿＿＿show his exam results to his parents.
A. dare not B. dared
C. dare to D. dares not to
13. I don’t think he＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ a new bike.
A. need to buy B. needs buy
C. need D. need buy
14. ―― Nacy＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ the letter from her mother.
―― No, she can’t have. The postman hasn’t come yet.
A. can receive B. can have received
C. must have received D. must receive
15. She＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿the film. She knows nothing about it.
A. can’t see B. can’t have seen
C. must see D. mustn’t have seen
16. They must have been here the day before yesterday,＿＿＿＿?
A. mustn’t they B. didn’t they
C. mustn’t have they D. had they
17. ―― I didn’t see her yesterday.
―― Oh, but you ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿.
A. must have B. ought to
C. should have D. cannot have
18. ―― Must I take a bus ?
―― No, you＿＿＿＿. You can walk from here.
A. must not B. don’t
C. don’t have to D. had better not to
19. ―― Why do you make me do so?
―― I am sorry that you＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿do such a thing.
A. would B. can C. should D. may
20. ―― Will you stay for lunch?
―― Sorry, ＿＿＿＿＿. My brother is coming to see me.
A. I mustn’t B. I can’t
C. I needn’t D. ?won’t
21. What would have happened＿＿＿＿, as far as the river bank?
A. if Bob has walked farther
B. if Bob should walk farther
C. had Bob walked farther
D. if Bob walked farther
22. You didn’t let me drive. If we＿＿＿＿in turn, you＿＿＿ so tired.
A. drove； didn’t get B. drove； wouldn’t get
C. were driving； wouldn’t get
D. had driven； wouldn’t have got
23. Without electricity human life＿＿＿＿＿＿＿quite different today.
A. is B. will be
C. would have been D. would be
24. Oh, Janne, you’ve broken another glass. You ought ＿＿＿＿when you washed it.
A. be careful B. to care
C. have cared D. to have been careful
25. I＿＿＿＿＿＿often go fishing when I lived in the countryside.
A. should B. would C. could D. might
26. He＿＿＿＿＿＿rather stay at home than go to the cinema with you.
A. should B. might C. would D. had better
27. It’s high time we＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ to the theater.
A. will B. shall C. are going to D. went
28. ―― Could I use your telephone?
―― Yes, of course you ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿.
A. could B. will C. can D. might
29. It’s strange that they＿＿＿＿＿nothing about this matter.
A. know B. would know C. knows D. knew
30. I wish you＿＿＿＿＿＿go with me tomorrow.
A. will B. would C. shall D. can
31. ―― Do you still remember the day when we went to the Great Wall?
―― I can’t remember it well, but＿＿＿＿＿＿sometime last autumn?
A. might it be B. could it have been
C. could it be D. must it have been
32. ―― I can’t get through to the general manager’s office anyhow.
―― The line is busy. Someone＿＿＿＿＿the telephone.
A. must use B. uses
C. must have been using D. must be using
33. He suggests we＿＿＿＿＿＿to the cinema at once, otherwise we will be late.
A .must go B. go C. will go D. would go
34. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if ＿＿＿＿.
A. breaks B. has broken
C. were broken D. had been broken
35. The general ordered that the thief＿＿＿＿.
A. be punished B. would punish
C. would be punished D. should punish
36. If only I＿＿＿＿＿how to operate a computer as you do!
A. had known B. wou欤?know
C. should know D. knew
37. It is surprising that he＿＿＿＿at the meeting.
A. was B. be C. is D. were
38. If you＿＿＿＿wait a moment, I’ll go and find our manager.
A. can B. should C. will D. must
39. ―― Do you think he will do me a favor?
―― As far as I know, he is the last one to help others. He＿＿＿＿be prepared to give you a hand,
though.
A. might B. must C. can D. should
40. Even though I’d hurt my leg, I＿＿＿＿＿＿ swim back to the river bank.
A. could B. might C. had to D. was able to
41. You＿＿＿＿＿＿＿go to the party if you don’t finish your homework first.
A. won’t B. don’t C. oughtn’t D. shan’t
42. ―― It is rather cold here. Shall we light a fire?
―― No, we＿＿＿＿＿＿because things are easy to catch fi
高一语法复习
06年高考情态动词试题详解
何学群
1. ―What’s the name?
―Khulaifi. I spell that for you ? 北京卷
A. Shall B. Would C. Can D .Might
解析：考查情态动词的本义，征求对方的意见
2. If it were not for the fact that she ____sing, I would invite her to the party. （福建）
A. couldn’t B. shouldn’t C. can’t D. might not
解析：考查情态动词的本义，表示通常的能力，couldn’t 是最大的干扰项，学生会受前面were所表示虚拟语气句型的影响。
3. I’m sure you’d rather she went to school by bus, _______? （福建）
A. hadn’t you B. wouldn’t you C. aren’t D. didn’t she
解析：考查情态动词would rather句型，宾语从句中用过去时，反意问句助动词应与从句中的went保持一致。
4. The workers will go on strike if the demands they ____put forward are turned down.（福建）
A. could B. would C.不填 D. had
解析：该句的they ____ put forward 是定语从句，表明过去的事实：“他们提出的要求”因此不用情态动词。
5. ------ Must he come to sign this paper himself? (广东)
------ Yes, he .
A. need B. must C. may D. will
解析：考查情态动词的本义，征求对方的意见，must 表示“必须”。
6. fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off.（ 湖北卷）
A. Would you be B. Should you be C. Could you be D. Might you be
解析：考查情态动词的虚拟用法。还原成原来的句型是：If you should be fired---，该句型中用should 或were to be表示与将来的事实相反。例如：
_____it rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off.
A. Should B. Would C. Could D. Must
分析：在条件状语从句中，should 表示“万一”，即可表示不能实现的假设，又可表示可以实现的假设。该句意思为“万一明天下雨，会议就延期。”答案为A。
该句等于If it should rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off.
= If it were to rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off.
= Should it rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off.
= Were it to rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off.
7. Some aspects of a pilot’s job ___ be boring, and pilots often ____ work at inconvenient hours. (湖南)
A. can; have to B. may; can C. have to; may D. ought to; must
解析：前面考查情态动词can的推测用法，表示理论上的可能性；后面考查情态动词have to 的本义，表示客观事实的限制。
8. The weather turned out to be fine yesterday. I the trouble to carry my umbrella with me. (江西)
A. should have taken B. could have taken
C. needn’t have taken D. mustn’t have taken
解析：考查情态动词的虚拟用法，表示对过去事实的责备。
9. As you worked late yesterday, you___ have come this morning.（陕西）
A. mayn’t B. can’t C. mustn’t D. needn’t
解析：同第8题。
10. ------Is Jack on duty today?
--------It _________be him. It’s his turn tomorrow.（四川）
A. mustn’t B. won’t C. can’t D. needn’t
解析：考查情态动词的推测用法，表示现在状态的“不可能”。
11. We have proved great adventurers, but we have done the greatest march ever made in the past ten years.（天津）
A. needn’t B. may not C. shouldn’t D. mustn’t
解析：考查情态动词的推测用法，表示过去动作的“可能没有”。
12 --- Could I have a word with you, mum?（浙江）
--- Oh dear, if you ________.
A. can B. must C. may D. should
解析：考查情态动词的本义，must 表示“如果你必须和我谈的话”。学生可能会受could的影响只注意形式选can, 忽视句子的意思。
13 --- I think I’ll give Bob a ring.
--- You _______. You haven’t been in touch with him for ages.（江苏）
A. will B. may C. have to D. should
解析：考查情态动词的规劝用法，should 表示“应该”。
14. ------ Will you be able to finish your report today? （全国2）
------ .
A. I like it B. I hope so C. I’ll do so D. I’d love it
15. We forgot to bring our tickets, but please let us enter, ?（全国2）
A. do you B. can we C. will you D. shall we
解析：考查情态动词在反意问句中的用法，祈使句后用will you征求对方的意见。
16. We hope that as many people as-possible join us for the picnic tomorrow. （全国2）
A. need B. must C. should D. can
解析：考查情态动词的推测用法，表示将来动作的“理论或事实上的可能性”。
17.There’s no light on----they be at home. （全国1）
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. shouldn’t
解析：考查情态动词的推测用法，表示对现在状态的否定推测。
18. ------ May I smoke here ?（山东）
------ If you ____, choose a seat in the smoking section.
A. should B. could C. may D. must
解析：考查情态动词的本义，同第12 题。
责任编辑：李芳芳
高三英语复习与训练二十一一--情态动词
21. 情态动词
21.1 情态动词的语法特征
1） 情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情，只表示期待或估计某事的发生。
2） 情态动词除ought 和have 外，后面只能接不带to 的不定式。
3） 情态动词没有人称，数的变化，即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s。
4） 情态动词没有非谓语形式，即没有不定式，分词，等形式。
21.2 比较can 和be able to
1）can/could 表示能力；可能 （过去时用could）, 只用于现在式和过去式（could）。be able to可以用于各种时态。例如：
They will be able to tell you the news soon. 他很快就能告诉你消息了。
2）只用be able to的情况：
a. 位于助动词后。
b. 情态动词后。
c. 表示过去某时刻动作时。
d. 用于句首表示条件。
e. 表示成功地做了某事时，用was/were able to，不能用could。例如：
He was able to flee Europe before the war broke out. = He managed to flee Europe before the war broke out.
他在战争爆发之前逃离欧洲。
注意：could有时不表示时态
1）提出委婉的请求，（注意在回答中不可用could）。例如：
--- Could I have the television on? 我能看电视吗？
--- Yes, you can. / No, you can't. 可以/不可以。
2）在否定句、疑问句中表示推测或怀疑。例如：
He couldn't be a bad man. 他不大可能是坏人。
21.3 比较may和might
1） 表示允许或请求；表示没有把握的推测；may 放在句首，表示祝愿。例如：
May God bless you! 愿上帝保佑你！
He might be at home. 他可能在家。
注意：might 表示推测时，不表示时态，只是可能性比may 小。
2） 成语：may/might as well，后面接不带to 的不定式，意为“不妨”。例如：
If that is the case, we may as well try.如果情况确实如此，我们不妨试一试。
典型例题
Peter ___come with us tonight, but he isn't very sure yet.
A. must B. may C. can D. will
答案B. 表可能性只能用may。此句意可从后半句推出。
21.4 比较have to和must
1） 两词都是'必须'的意思，have to 表示客观的需要，must 表示说话人主观上的看法，既主观上的必要。例如：
My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night.
弟弟病得很厉害，我只得半夜里把医生请来。（客观上需要做这件事）
He said that they must work hard. 他说他们必须努力工作。（主观上要做这件事）
2） have to有人称、数、时态的变化，而must只有一种形式。但must 可用于间接引语中表示过去的必要或义务。例如：
He had to look after his sister yesterday. 他昨晚只得照顾他姐姐。
3） 否定结构中：don't have to表示“不必”，mustn't表示“禁止”。例如：
You don't have to tell him about it. 你不一定要把此事告诉他。
You mustn't tell him about it. 你不得把这件事告诉他。
21.5 must表示推测
1） must用在肯定句中表示较有把握的推测，意为“一定”。
2） must表对现在的状态或现在正发生的事情的推测时，must 后面通常接系动词be 的原形或行为动词的进行式。例如：
You have worked hard all day. You must be tired. 你辛苦干一整天，一定累了。（对现在情况的推测判断）
He must be working in his office. 他一定在办公室工作呢。
比较：He must be staying there. 他现在肯定在那里。
He must stay there. 他必须呆在那。
3） must 表示对已发生的事情的推测时，must 要接完成式。例如：
I didn't hear the phone. I must have been asleep. 我刚才没有听到电话，我想必是睡着了。
4） must表示对过去某时正发生的事情的推测，must 后面要接不定式的完成进行式。例如：
---Why didn't you answer my phone call? 为何不接我的电话？
---Well, I must have been sleeping, so I didn't hear it.唉，肯定在睡觉，所以没有听见。
5） 否定推测用can't。例如：
If Tom didn't leave here until five o'clock, he can't be home yet. 如果汤姆五点才离开这儿，他此时一定还未到家。
21.6 表示推测的用法
can, could, may, might, must 皆可表示推测，其用法如下：
1）情态动词+动词原形，表示对现在或将来的情况的推测，此时动词通常为系动词。例如：
I don't know where she is, she may be in Wuhan. 我不知道她在哪儿，可能在武汉。
2）情态动词+动词现在进行时，表示对现在或将来正在进行的情况进行推测。例如：
At this moment, our teacher must be correcting our exam papers. 这时，想必我们老师正在批改试卷。
3）情态动词+动词完成时，表示对过去情况的推测。例如：
The road is wet. It must have rained last night. 地是湿的，昨天晚上一定下雨了。
4）情态动词+动词的现在完成进行时，表示对过去正在发生事情的推测。例如：
Your mother must have been looking for you. 你妈妈一定一直在找你。
5）推测的否定形式，疑问形式用can't, couldn't表示。例如：
Mike can't have found his car, for he came to work by bus this morning.
迈克一定还没有找回他的车，因为早上他是坐公共汽车来上班的。
注意：could, might表示推测时不表示时态，其推测的程度不如can, may。
21.7 情态动词+ have +过去分词
1） may（might） have + done sth, can （could） have + done sth 表示过去，推测过去时间里可能发生的事情。例如：
Philip may （might） have been hurt seriously in the car accident. 菲力浦可能在车祸中受了重伤。
Philip can （could） have been hurt seriously in the car accident.
2） must have +done sth，对过去时间里可能发生的事情的推测，语气较强，具有“肯定”，“谅必”的意思。例如：
---Linda has gone to work, but her bicycle is still here. 琳达已经去上班了，但她的单车还在这儿。
---She must have gone by bus.肯定乘巴士去的。
3） ought to have done sth, should have done sth表示本应该做某事，而事实上并没有做。否定句表示“不该做某事而做了”。例如：
You ought to （should） have been more careful in this experiment. 你当时在做试验时应该更仔细点。
He ought not to have thrown the old clothes away.他不该把旧衣服扔了。（事实上已扔了。）
ought to 在语气上比should 要强。
4） needn't have done sth表示本没必要做某事，但做了。例如：
I dressed very warmly for the trip, but I needn't have done so. The weather was hot.
旅行时，我衣服穿得较多，其实没有必要。那时天很热。
5） would like to have done sth表示本打算做某事，但没做。例如：
I would like to have read the article, but I was very busy then. 我想读这篇文章，但太忙了一直没读。
17.8 21.8 should 和ought to
除了上述的用法，两者还可表示“想必一定，按理应该”的意思。例如：
I ought to be able to live on my salary. 靠我的薪水，想必也能维持了。
It ought to be ready now. 想必现在准备好了吧。
They should be there by now, I think. 现在他们该到那儿了。
The poems should be out in a month at most. 诗集估计最多还有一个月就要出版了。
21.9 had better表示“最好”，相当于一个助动词，它只有一种形式，它后面要跟动词原形。例如：
It is pretty cold. You'd better put on my coat. 天相当冷。你最好穿上我的外套。
She'd better not play with the dog. 她最好不要玩耍那条狗。
had better have done sth表示与事实相反的结果，意为“本来最好”。例如：
You had better have come earlier. 你本该来得早一点。
21.10 would rather表示“宁愿”
would rather do
would rather not do
would rather… than… 宁愿…而不愿。
还有would sooner, had rather, had sooner都表示“宁愿”、“宁可”的意思。例如：
If I have a choice, I had sooner not continue my studies at this school. 如果有选择的余地，我宁可辍学离开这个学校。
I would rather stay here than go home. = I would stay here rather than go home. 我宁愿呆在这儿，而不愿回家。
典型例题
----Shall we go skating or stay at home?
----Which ___ do?
A. do you rather B. would you rather C. will you rather D. should you rather
答案B。本题考查情态动词rather的用法，would rather +do sth 意为“宁愿”，本题为疑问句，would 提前，所以选B。
21.11 will和would
注意：1）would like；would like to do = want to 想要，为固定搭配。例如：
Would you like to go with me? 想和我一块去吗？
2）Will you…? Would you like…? 表示肯定含义的请求劝说时，疑问句中一般用some, 而不是any。例如：
Would you like some cake? 吃点蛋糕吧。
3）否定结构中用will，一般不用would, won't you是一种委婉语气。
Won't you sit down? 你不坐下吗？
21.12 情态动词的回答方式
问句 肯定回答 否定回答
Need you…? Yes, I must. No, I needn't
Must you…? No, I don't have to.
典型例题
1）---Could I borrow your dictionary?
---Yes, of course, you____.
A. might B. will C. can D. should
答案C. could表示委婉的语气，并不为时态。答语中of course，表示肯定的语气，允许某人做某事时，用can和 may来表达，不能用could或might。will 与you连用，用来提出要求或下命令。should与you 连用，用来提出劝告。
2）---Shall I tell John about it?
---No, you ___. I've told him already.
A. needn't B. wouldn't C. mustn't D. shouldn't
答案A。needn't 不必，不用。 wouldn't 将不, 不会的。 mustn't 禁止、不能。 shouldn't 不应该。本题为不需要，不必的意思，应用needn't。
3）---Don't forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow.
---______.
A. I don't B. I won't C. I can't D. I haven't
答案B. will既可当作情态动词，表请求、建议、也可作为实义动词表“意愿、意志、决心”，本题表示决心，选B。
21.13 带to 的情态动词
带to 的情态动词有四个：ought to, have to, used to, be to, 如加上have got to （=must）, be able to，为六个。它们的疑问、否定形式应予以注意：
Do they have to pay their bill before the end of the month?
She didn't use to play tennis before she was fourteen.
You ought not to have told her all about it.
Ought he to see a heart specialist at once.?
ought to 本身作为情态动词使用。其他的词作为实义动词使用，变疑问，否定时，须有do 等助动词协助。
典型例题
Tom ought not to ___ me your secret, but he meant no harm.
A. have told B. tell C. be telling D. having told
答案A。由于后句为过去时，告诉秘密的动作又发生在其前因，此地应用过去完成时，但它在情态动词 ought to 后，所以用have told。
21.14 比较need和dare
这两词既可做实义动词用，又可做情态动词用。作为情态动词，两者都只能用于疑问句，否定句和条件句。need 作实义动词时后面的不定式必须带to，而dare作实义动词用时, 后面的to 时常可以被省略。
1） 实义动词：need（需要, 要求） need + n. / to do sth
2） 情态动词：need，只用原形need后加do，否定形式为need not。例如：
Need you go yet? 你要走了吗？
Yes, I must. / No, I needn't.是的，我要走了/不，不急着走。
责任编辑：李芳芳
高考英语复习专练-情态动词、虚拟答案
1.C。will在此表示“应诺”。
2.B。May I...?中的may用以表示“允许、许可”。
3.A。shall 用于第二、三人称的肯定句或否定句，表示说话人的意愿，有“命令、警告、威胁、强制、允诺、决心”之意。
4.C。may表示“允许”。回答may引起的问句，肯定式一般用 Yes, of course.／Yes, certainly.／Sure.／Yes, you may.否定式用No, you mustn’t.
5.A。needn’t表示“不必要”；mustn’t表示“禁止”；wouldn’t表示“拒绝”。
6.A。can表示“可能性”，通常用于否定句或疑问句中，且有时还带有“惊奇、不相信”等感情色彩。
7.B。must表示说话人的主观愿望，而have to多表示客观需要。
8.D。would have done表示对过去已发生的事情的推测，表示“可能……”。
9.B。shouldn’t have done表示“过去本来不应该做某事而事实上已经做了”。
10.D。should／should not＋do，表示“（现在）应该／不应该……”。
11.B。Let’s do sth.表示“建议做某事”，含听话一方在内，故用 shall we。如果用Let us do sth.结构，则用will you?表示请求对方允许。
12.A。情态动词dare的过去式为dared，常用于否定句、疑问句及条件句中，没有人称和数的变化，否定式是在dare后接not，再接动词原形。dare作为实义动词时，有人称和数的变化，构成否定句时，前要加助动词，后接带to或不带to的动词不定式。13.D。need作为情态动词，一般用于否定句、疑问句及条件句中，后接动词原形。表示“现在不必干某事”,用need not do sth.；表示“过去不必干某事”，用need not have done。need作为实义动词,与其它动词用法相同，用于否定句或疑问句要加助动词。
14.C。“must have done”结构，表示对过去发生情况的肯定推测。
15.B。can’t have done，表示对过去发生情况的否定推测，意为“不可能已经……”。
16.B。must have done表示对过去发生情况的肯定推测，句中带有明确的过去时间状语，故附加疑问句用“didn’t they”。17.C。should／ought to have done表示“本来应该做的事而事实上并未做”。根据上下文，句中省去了seen her。
18.C。回答must引起的问句，否定回答用needn’t或don’t have to.
19.C。I’m sorry／surprised／disappointed之后的从句中，有时采用虚拟语气should do来表示“难过、惊奇”等情绪。
20.B。“Will you...？”在此表示邀请或请求，回答时如果用 I won’t 显得极不礼貌，也不符合下文； My brother is... me.表示“我不能来的原因”。
21.C。此题表示与过去事实相反的假设，主句用would have done,从句用had done,此处用了倒装的省略形式,即省去if, had提到句首。
22.D。参见上题。
23.D。此题表示与现在事实相反的假设，主句用should/would/might/could+do.
24。D。参见注17。
25。B。would在此表示过去的习惯、习性、倾向等，意为“常......”,通常与often,sometimes,for hours等表示时间的短语连用。
26.C。would rather do sth. than do sth.为固定搭配，“宁愿做……而不愿做……”。
27.D。It’s(high／about) time that从句的谓语动词多用过去式，有时也可用should do。
28.C。Could I...？问句表示委婉的请求，若允许对方，应用can来作答，而不用could。
29.A。在It’s important／surprising／desirable／strange／necessary／no wonder／a pity／a shame＋that 从句中，从句谓语动词用（should ） do。
30.B。wish后接从句，如果从句指将来的愿望，谓语动词用would／could＋do；如果表示过去未能实现的愿望，从句谓语动词用had done；如果表示现在未能实现的愿望，从句的谓语动词用过去式，be动词用were。
31.B。could have done表示对过去发生情况的可能性推测。
32.D。must be using表示此刻“一定正在使用……”。
33.B。在suggest, demand, request，require(要求)，order(命令),insist（坚持），advise（劝告）等动词之后的宾语从句中，谓语动词要用(should) do，同时还应注意语态。
34.C。as if引导的从句，如果所说内容与事实不相符时，常用虚拟语气。此题是一种自然现象，故应用一般过去时。注意比较It seems／looks as if it is going to rain.(看起来天将要下雨。)
35.A。参见注33。
36.D。在if only引导的感叹句中，谓语动词的形式与wish后宾语从句中谓语动词的形式一样。
37.B。参见注29。
38.C。will在此为情态动词，表示“意愿”。
39.A。根据上下文可知句意为“他不愿意帮助别人，但也许他会帮你的忙”。用“might”，表示“可能性”比较小。
40.D。can表示能力时可用be able to代替。但can只有一般时和过去时，be able to可用于各种时态。如果表示“过去有能力并成功地做成了某事"时，要用was/were able to，不用could。
41.D。参见注3。
42. C。mustn’t在此表示“禁止”。
43.C。参见注 30。
44.D。参见注33。
45.A。would like sb. to do sth.意为“想要某人做某事”。为固定搭配。
46.A。mustn’t be doing与always连用，表示“一定不要总是在做……”，含有“埋怨、不满”等感情色彩。
47.D。该题表示与现在事实相反的假设，从句谓语动词用过去式，be用were，主句用would do。
48.C。该句叙述当时的真实情况，故用C。
49.A。该题中as if引导的从句表示与过去事实相反的假设，从句谓语动词用had done。
50.D。but for（要不是）引导的介词短语，相当于if it hadn’t been the fog。
51.A。该题中suggest意为“表明、暗示”，这时其后宾语从句中谓语动词用陈述语气。
52.B。在advice,demand,idea,order,plan,suggestion等名词后的`同位语从句或表语从句中要用虚拟语气，其谓语形式为“（should） do”。
53.D。句中的must表示对现在的状态或现在的事实进行推测，故后面的附加疑问部分用一般现在时。
54.B。insist意为“坚持说”时，后面的宾语从句中谓语动词用陈述语气,即如果从句动作与主句动作同时发生，从句谓语用一般过去时；如果从句动作先于主句动作发生，则从句谓语用过去完成时。意为“坚决要求”时，后面宾语从句中谓语动词用“(should) do”。
55.B。本句属于隐含式虚拟语气。句中without短语相当于一个与过去事实相反的虚似条件句，故选B。
56.B。本题是对将来情况的一种假设。英语中，如果虚拟条件句的谓语部分有should,had或were时，可把if省去，而把should,had,were放在从句主语前，构成主谓部分倒装。
57.B。can在本句中指一种理论上的可能性。
58.C。本题为与过去事实相反的假设，在以otherwise引导的并列分句中用虚拟语气，时间概念可由上下文看出。
59.D。or引出的一个分句表示对过去的情况进行假设，故用would have done。
60.C。从 but 引导的分句可看出,前一分句是与过去事实相反的假设。
高考英语陷阱题总结归纳--情态动词
◆典型陷阱题分析◆
1. “Mike is often absent from class.” “Tell him he _____ answer for it if he goes on behaving like that.”
A. shall B. will
C. would D. can
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】最佳答案选A.shall 用作情态动词主要有以下两个用法：
（1） 用于疑问句中征求意见。如：
Shall I help you？ 要不要我帮帮你？
Shall I open the window？ 要我把窗子打开吗？
（2） 用于陈述句中表示允诺、告诫、警告、威胁、命令、规定、必然性等（可用于各类人称）。如：
You shall suffer for this. 你会为此事吃苦头的。（表威胁）
Each competitor shall wear a number. 每个参赛者要戴一个号码。（表规定）
You shall hear everything as soon as you come. 你一来就可听到所有情况了。（表允诺）
请做以下试题（答案均选 shall）：
（1） “I promise that she _____ get a nice present on her birthday.” “Will it be a great surprise to her？”
A. should B. must
C. would D. shall
2. You _______ pay too much attention to your reading skill, as it is so important.
A. cannot B. shouldn’t
C. mustn’t D. needn’t
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】最佳答案选A.cannot…too…是英语中一个十分有用的表达，意为“不可能太……，无论怎样……也不算过分，越……越……”。如：
You can’t be too careful. 你越仔细越好。
You can’t praise the too much. 这本书值得大加赞扬。
We cannot work too much for the people. 我们为人民做工作是不可能做过头的。
A woman cannot have too many clothes. 女人买的衣服再多也不算多。
注：有时也可用 can never, impossible 等与too连用来表示类似意思。如：
It is impossible to get there too soon. 去那儿越早越好。
3. “Is John coming by train？” “He should, but he _____ not. He likes driving his car.”
A. must B. can
C. need D. may
【陷阱】可能误选B或C.
【分析】最佳答案为D.may 表推测，may not 意为“可能不（会坐火车来）”。句中的 He should 为 He should come by train 之省略，由于其后出现转折连词 but，说明语意有变化，再结合下文的 He likes driving his car，便可决定此题选D.注意，不能选B，因为can表示推测时通常不用肯定陈述句。
4. “I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter.” “It ____ true because there was little snow there.”
A. may not be B. won’t be
C. couldn’t be D. mustn’t be
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】此题最佳答案为C，主要由下文的 because there was little snow there 这一语境所决定，既然“没下什么雪”，那么“滑雪”就应是“不可能”，所以选 couldn’t be，即选C.
5. “Do you think he is lazy？” “I _____ so once, but I don’t now.”
A. may have thought B. can have thought
C. may think D. might think
答案选A.从答话人的语境可知，空格处的意思“曾经这样想过”，即对过去情况作推测，故应用“情态动词+动词完成式”；又因为 can 表推测不用于肯定句，故选A.请看类例：
Their answers are exactly the same - one of them ______ from the other.
A. must copy B. must have copied
C. should copy D. should have copied
答案选B，既然两人的答案完全一样，说明“抄袭”已经发生，故用“情态动词+动词完成式”，根据句意，应选B而不能选D.
6. You _____ be right, but I don’t think you are.
A. can B. could C. must D. should
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】从语境上看，C、D不宜选，在剩下的A和B中，许多同学想当然地选了A，认为整个句子为现在时态，所以选can，而不选过去式 could，但是最佳答案却是B而不是A.按照英语语法，情态动词can 用于推测表示可能性时，通常只用于否定句或疑问句中，而不用于肯定句中；但 could 用于表推测时，却不仅可用于否定句和疑问句，也可用于肯定句，且此时的 could 并不是 can 的过去式，与 can 也没有时间上的差别，只是 could 比 can语气更委婉，所以答案选B.注：can 在以下特殊情况下，也可用于肯定句。一是表示抽象的可能性，即从理论上或逻辑上分析是可能的，但是实际上未必会发生。如：Anyone can make mistakes. 任何人都可能会犯错误。二是后接“be （get, seem, become）＋形容词”，表示“有时会”、“时常会”等。如：My father can be very unreasonable. 我父亲有时候很不讲道理。
◆精编陷阱题训练◆
1. “I thought you wouldn’t mind.” “Well, as a matter of fact I don’t, but you _____ me first.”
A. should ask B. should have asked
C. must ask D. must have asked
2. “I called you yesterday. A woman answered, but I didn’t recognize her voice.” “Oh, it _____ my aunt Jean.”
A. must be B. must have been
C. might be D. can have been
3. That car nearly hit me; I ______.
A. might be killed B. might have been killed
C. may be killed D. may been killed
4. It’s a very kind offer, but I really _____ accept it.
A. mustn’t B. needn’t
C. can’t D. don’t
5. The police still haven’t found her, but they’re doing all they _____.
A. may B. can
C. must D. will
6. You _____ practise the drums while the baby is sleeping.
A. needn’t B. mightn’t
C. mustn’t D. won’t
7. You _____ him the news; he knew it already.
A. needn’t tell B. needn’t have told
C. mightn’t tell D. mightn’t have told
8. As she’s not here, I suppose she _____ home.
A. must go B. must have gone
C. might go D. might be going
9. Are you still here？ You ______ home hours ago.
A. should go B. should have gone
C. might go D. may have gone
10. “I called you yesterday. A woman answered, but I didn’t recognize her voice.” “Oh, it _____ my aunt Jean.”
A. must be B. must have been
C. might be D. can have been
11. I _______ have met him a long time ago. Both his name and face are very familiar.
A. may B. can
C. would D. should
13.“Shall we go shopping？” “Sorry, we _______ buy anything now because none of the shops are open.”
A. mustn’t B. needn’t
C. can’t D. shouldn’t
14. They often go to the restaurants for meals. They _____ be very poor.
A. mustn’t B. can’t
C. may not D. needn’t
15. I didn’t see her in the meeting room this morning. She ______ have spoken at the meeting.
A. mustn’t B. shouldn’t
C. needn’t D. couldn’t
17. He ______ the test again, in which case, his mother will be very disappointed.
A. might fail B. must have failed
C. should fail D. could have failed
18. “Why didn’t she come to the meeting yesterday？” “I’m not so sure. She ______ ill.”
A. should be B. should have been
C. must be D. might have been
19. Why did you just sit and watch？ You _______ me.
A. could help B. should help
C. could have helped D. must have helped
20. “You ______ your teacher for help. He is kind-hearted.” “Yes. A whole day _______.”
A. can ask, will waste
B. must have asked, had wasted
C. could have asked, was wasted
D. shouldn’t have asked, would be wasted
21. “Is there a flight to London this evening？” “There _______ be. I’ll phone the airport and find it out.”
A. must B. might
C. would D. can
22. “Show me your permit, please.” “Oh, it’s not in my pocket. It ______.”
A. might fall out B. could fall out
C. should have fallen out D. must have fallen out
23. “Look at these tracks. It _______ be a wolf.” “Don’t be so sure. I think it _______ be a fox.”
A. must; could B. may; might
C. need; must D. could; need
25. “Did Jim come？” “I don’t know. He _______ while I was out.”
A. might have come B. might come
C. mush have come D. should have come
◆答案与解析◆
1. 选B，should 后接动词完成式表示“本来应该做某事，结果未做”，此处含有责备之意。
2. 选B，对过去情况的肯定推测，宜用“情态动词 + 动词完成式”，再根据句意，可确定答案为B.注：can 表示推测通常不用于肯定陈述句。
3. 选B，表示过去可能发生而实际上未发生的事，用might + 动词完成式。若只是推测过去可能已经发生的事，则可用 may [might] + 动词完成式，如 He may [might] have gone. 他可能已经走了。
4. 选C.由句意可知。
5. 选B，do all one can 意为“尽力”或“竭尽全力”。
6. 选C，mustn’t 在此相当于 can’t，且语气更强。
7. 选B，“needn’t + 动词完成式”的意思是：本来不必做某事，但实际上做了。上句意思是“你本来不必告诉他这个消息的，因为他（当时）已经知道了”。注意，句中 knew 为过去式。
8. 选B，must 后接动词完成式表示对过去情况的肯定推测，意为“一定已经做了某事”。
9. 选B，should 后接动词完成式表示“本来应该做某事，结果未做”。
10. 选B，对过去情况的肯定推测，宜用“情态动词 + 动词完成式”，再根据句意，可确定答案为B.注：can 表示推测通常不用于肯定句。
12. 选A.may have done sth 表示对过去可能发生的事进行推测，意为“可能曾经”。
13. 选C.根据上下文的语境推知。can’t 意为“不能”。
14. 选B.根据上下文的语境推知。can’t 表推测，意为“不不能”。
16. 选D.couldn’t have done sth 表示对过去情况进行推测，意为“过去不可能发生过某情况”。
17. 选A.根据下文的 will be 可知，“他考试再不及格”是将来的事，据此可排除B和D.再根据语意，排除C.
18. 选D.从时间上看，由于是昨天没来开会，所以推测他生病也应指昨天，故排除A和C.从语境上看，既然上文说 I’m not so sure，那么说明说话者对自己的推测没有很大把握，故选D.
19. 选C.根据上文的过去时态可知，此句谈的是过去的事，故排除A和C.根据语境排除D.
20. 选C.couldn’t have done sth 结构在此表示责备，指过去本来可以做某事但实际上未做。第二空填 was wasted，陈述的是过去的一事实。
21. 选B.根据下文的 I’ll phone the airport and find it out 可知，说话人对自己的推测没有很大把握，故选 might.若选A，语气太强，不合语境；若选D，不合语法习惯，因为can 表推测通常不用于肯定陈述句中。
22. 选D.既然“通行证现在不在口袋里”，那么它“掉出去”应发生在过去，故排除A和B.比较选项C和D所表示的意思，选D更恰当。
24. 选A.根据 Don’t be so sure 可知前面一空应填must.第二空填的could表示推测，虽为过去式形式，但表示现在意义，语气较委婉，它与表推测的 can 主要用于否定句和疑问句不同，它可以用于肯定陈述句。
25. 选A.根据句中有关时态可知“他来”发生在过去，故排除B；根据 I don’t know 可知选项C语气太肯定，不合适；选项D的意思是“本来应该来”，与语境不合。
责任编辑：李芳芳
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