下面给大家分享新概念英语第二册第59课:In or out（共含5篇），欢迎阅读!同时，但愿您也能像本文投稿人“rtta1888”一样，积极向本站投稿分享好文章。
听录音，然后回答以下问题。
Why did Rex run away?
Our dog, Rex, used to sit outside our front gate and bark. Every time he wanted to come into the garden he would bark until someone opened the gate. As the neighbours complained of the noise, my husband spent weeks training him to press his paw on the latch to let himself in. Rex soon became an expert at opening the gate. However, when I was going out shopping last week, I noticed him in the garden near the gate. This time he was barking so that someone would let him out ! Since then, he has developed another bad habit. As soon as he opens the gate from the outside, he comes into the garden and waits until the gate shuts. Then he sits and barks until someone lets him out. After this he immediately lets himself in and begins barking again. Yesterday my husband removed the gate and Rex got so annoyed we have not seen him since.
参考译文
我家的狗雷克斯，过去常坐在大门外面叫。每当它想到花园里来时，便汪汪叫个不停，直到有人把门打开。由于邻居们对狗叫很有意见， 所以我丈夫花了几个星 期的时间训练它用脚爪按住门闩把自己放进来。雷克斯很快成了开门的专家。然而上星期我正要出去买东西时，发现它正呆在花园里边靠门的地方。这次它叫着让人 把它放出去！从那以后，它养成了另外一种坏习惯。它从外面把门一打开，就走进花园，等着门自动关上。这之后他就坐下汪汪叫起来，直到有人来把它放出去。出 去之后，它又马上把自己放进来，接着再开始叫。昨天，我丈夫把门卸了下来，雷克斯很生气，此后我们便再也没有见到它。
New words and Expressions生词和短语
bark
v. 狗叫
press
v. 按，压
paw
n. 脚爪
latch
n. 门闩
expert
n. 专家
develop
v. 养成
habit
n.习惯
remove
v. 拆掉，取下
1．Every time he wanted to come into the garden he would bark until someone opened the gate.每当它想到花园里来时，便汪汪叫个不停，直到有人把门打开。
every time在这里为连词引导一个时间状语从句，表示“每次”、“每当”，主句中的would表示过去的习惯性动作。用一般过去时的句子中它们经常连用：
Every time we met, we would talk for a while.
我们每次见面都要聊一会儿。
Every time he came to the restaurant, he would first ask for a cup of tea.
他每次到这个饭馆来，都是先要一杯茶。
2．…my husband spent weeks training him to press his paw on the latch to let himself in.……我丈夫花了几个星期的时间训练它用脚爪按住门闩把自己放进来。
（1）spend表示“在……上花时间”时，后面如果跟名词则用介词on;如果跟动名词则用介词in（在口语中in往往省略）：
Why don't you spend more time on studies?
你为什么不在学习上再多花点时间呢？
I spent two weeks(in) reading this book.
我花了两星期的时间读这本书。
（2）train的宾语是him, to press…是宾语补足语，to let…为目的状语。
3．Rex soon became an expert at opening the gate.雷克斯很快成了开门的专家。
expert表示“做/干……的专家/高手”时后面通常用 at doing sth.;表示在某一领域是“专家”、“权威”时可用介词in或on:
John is an expert at driving a car.
约翰是开车高手。
She is an expert in flowers.
她是花卉方面的专家。
Sam is an expert on that problem.
萨姆是研究那个问题的权威。
4．This time he was barking so that someone would let him out!这次它叫着让人把它放出去！
连词so that引导的是目的状语从句。（cf．本课语法）
语法 Grammar in use
1．复习第50～58课语法
He's having lunch , isn't he?
他正在吃午饭，是不是?(现在进行时表示说话时正在进行的动作)
Yes，he always has lunch at this time of the day.
是的，他每天总是在这个时间吃午饭。(一般现在时表示习惯性动作)
She's reading a book,isn't she?
她正在读一本书，是不是?
Yes,she's been reading the book all morning.
是的。她整个上午一直在读这本书。(现在完成进行时强调动作的持续性)
I was told that ships were built here.
我听说这里造过船。(被动语态was told表示说话谨慎;从句中的一般过去时表示不知现在是否仍造船)
They used to be built here,but they aren't any more.
过去这里是造过船，但现在不造了。(used to表示过去有过但现在已终止的状态，强调过去与现在的对照，因此不可用would代替)
You've taken your time! What on earth have you been doing?
你可真够慢约!你到底一直在干什么?(on earth用于表示强调)
I'm sorry.We got caught in astorm.
对不起。我们遇上一暴风雨了。(在口语中get+过去分词相当于被动语态)
2．表示目的的几种方式：to, in order to, so as to, so that, in order that
（1）带to的不定式及其变体in order to和so as to 可以用来表示目的：
I went to live in France to/in order to/so as to learn French.
我去法国居住，以便学习法语。
not to可以用于表示取舍：
I went to France not to study French, but to study chemics.
我去法国不是为了学法语，而是为了学化学。
so as not to/in order not to可以用于表示“以防”：
I shut the door quietly, so as not to/in order not to wake the baby.
为了不惊醒婴儿，我轻轻地关上门。
在bring, buy, need, take, use, want等动词后经常用宾语+不定式（而不用宾语+in order to/so as to），不定式表示用宾语的目的：
I want something to drink.
我想要一点喝的东西。
I need a spoon to eat this ice cream with.
我需要一把汤匙来吃这冰淇淋。
Bring me a chair to sit on.
给我拿一把椅子来坐。
（2）连词 so that, in order that可以引导目的状语从句。当主句用一般现在时、现在完成时或一般将来时的时候，so that和 in order that后面可以跟may, can或will。so that比in order that更为普遍：
I've arrived early so that/in order that I may/can/will get the tickets.
我到得早，以便能买到票。
当主句中的动词为一般过去时、过去进行时或过去完成时的时候， so that和in order that后面跟should, could, might或would:
I arrived early so that/in order that I should/could/might/would get the tickets.
（译文同上）
so that和in order that后面的否定形式如下：
I arrived early so that/in order that I might not miss anything.
我到得很早，以免错过什么。（否定句中不可用could,可用should, would等）
（3）相比之下，带to, so as to和 in order to的结构比带that的结构要简单、自然，所以多为人使用：
I arrived early so as not to/in order not to miss anything.（译文同上）
当前后主语不一致时，不定式前面加for+名词/代词比that结构更简洁:
I bought a new car in order that/so that my wife might learn to drive.
我买了一辆新车，以便我妻子学习驾驶。
I bought a new car for my wife to learn to drive.
(译文同上)
词汇学习Word study
1．press
（1）vt., vi.按，挤，压：
She pressed my hand warmly.
她热情地握我的手。
Can you press that button for me please?
请问您能帮我按一下那个按钮吗？
The dog pressed his paw on the latch to let himself in.
那狗用脚爪按住门闩把自己放进来。
（2）vt.挤取，榨取（……的汁）：
This is the time of the year when they press their grapes.
这是他们榨葡萄汁的季节。
If you prefer juice, you can press some oranges.
如果你更喜欢果汁，你可以榨些橙汁。
（3）vt.催促，敦促，竭力劝说：
My parents pressed me to enter for the competition.
我父母竭力劝我报名参加这个竞赛。
I don't like to be pressed.我不喜欢被人催促。
2．develop vt.,vi.
（1）发展，扩展：
The village has developed into a town now.
那个村子现在已扩展成一个镇了。
Do you believe that you can develop your mind through watching TV?
你相信通过看电视能开发你的智力吗？
It's hard to develop your business in this city.
在这座城市扩展你的业务是困难的。
（2）（逐渐）显现出，产生，获得，养成：
He has developed another bad habit.
他/它养成了另外一种坏习惯。
She developed an interest in swimming.
她对游泳产生了兴趣。
听录音，然后回答以下问题。
What in particular does a person gain when he or she becomes a serious collector?
People tend to amass possessions, sometimes without being aware of doing so. Indeed they can have a delightful surprise when they find something useful which they did not know they owned. Those who never have to move house become indiscriminate collectors of what can only be described as clutter. They leave unwanted objects in drawers, cupboards and attics for years, in the belief that they may one day need just those very things. As they grow old, people also accumulate belongings for two other reasons, lack of physical and mental energy, both of which are essential in turning out and throwing away, and sentiment. Things owned for a long time are full associations with the past, perhaps with relatives who are dead, and so they gradually acquire a value beyond their true worth.
Some things are collected deliberately in the home in an attempt to avoid waste. Among these I would list string and brown paper, kept by thrifty people when a parcel has been opened, to save buying these two requisites. Collecting small items can easily become a mania. I know someone who always cuts sketches out from newspapers of model clothes that she would like to buy if she had the money. As she is not rich, the chances that she will ever be able to afford such purchases are remote; but she is never sufficiently strong-minded to be able to stop the practice. It is a harmless bait, but it litters up her desk to such an extent that every time she opens it, loose bits of paper fall out in every direction.
Collecting as a serous hobby is quite different and has many advantages. It provides relaxation for leisure hours, as just looking at one's treasures is always a joy. One does not have to go outside for amusement, since the collection is housed at home. Whatever it consists of, stamps, records, first editions of books china, glass, antique furniture, pictures, model cars, stuffed birds, toy animals, there is always something to do in connection with it, from finding the right place for the latest addition, to verifying facts in reference books. This hobby educates one not only in the chosen subject, but also in general matters which have some bearing on it. There are also other benefits. One wants to meet like-minded collectors, to get advice, to compare notes, to exchange articles, to show off the latest find. So one's circle of friends grows. Soon the hobby leads to travel, perhaps to a meeting in another town, possibly a trip abroad in search of a rare specimen, for collectors are not confined to any one country. Over the years, one may well become a authority on one's hobby and will very probably be asked to give informal talks to little gatherings and then, if successful, to larger audiences. In this way self-confidence grows, first from mastering a subject, then from being able to take about it. Collecting, by occupying spare time so constructively, makes a person contented, with no time for boredom.
参考译文
人们喜欢收藏东西，有时并没有意识到自己在这样做。确实，一旦无意之中从自己的收藏品中找到某件有用的东西时，可以给人一种惊喜的感觉。那些从来不必搬家 的人们成了一种无所无容的收藏家。他们专门收藏那些只能被称作杂货的东西。他们在抽屉里，碗柜中、阁楼上堆放着一些不用的东西，一放就是好几年，相信总有一天需要的正好是那些东西。人们年老之后也喜欢收藏东西，不过是出于两个不同的原因：一是体力，精力均告不佳，这二者是清除无用的东西必不可少的因素；另一原因是感情因素。东西搁得时间久了，便会充满着与过去岁月的联系，比方说与死去的亲戚有关。因此这些东西慢慢获得了一种超出它本身的价值。
居家度日，有目的地收藏某些东西是为了防止浪费。这些东西中我想举出线绳和包装纸为例。节俭的人们打开包裹后便把这两样必备的东西收藏起来。省得日后去买。收集小玩艺儿很容易着迷。我认识一个人，她总喜欢从报纸上剪下流行服装的图样，等以后有钱时去买服装。由于她并不富裕，她买得起这些服装的可能性十分渺茫。但她又缺乏足够坚强的意志把这一收集活动停下来。这种习惯无害，只把写字台里堆得满满当当，以致每次打开抽屉总能带出许多纸片四处飞扬。
作为一种严肃的业余爱好的收藏活动完全是另外一回事，它具有许多益处。它可以使人在闲暇中得到休息，因为欣赏自己收藏的珍品总会充满了乐趣。人们不必走到户外去寻求娱乐，因为收藏品都是存放在家中。不管收藏品是什么，邮票、唱片、头版书籍、瓷器、玻璃杯、老式家具、绘画、模型汽车、鸟类标本，还是玩具动 物，从为新增添的收藏品寻找摆放位置到核对参考书中的事实，总归有事可做。这种爱好不仅能使人从选择的专题中受到教育，而且也能从与之有关的一般事物中获 得长进。除此之外，还有其他的益处。收藏者要会见情趣相投的收藏者，以获取教益，交流经验、交换收藏品，炫耀自己的最新收藏。朋友的圈子就这样不断扩大。 用不了多久，有这种爱好的人便开始旅行，也许是去另一个城市参加会议，也可能是出国寻找一件珍品，因为收藏家是不分国籍的。一人积了多年经验会成为自己这 种爱好的权威，很可能应邀在小型集会上作非正式的讲话。如果讲得好，可能向更多人发表演说。这样，你自信心不断增强，先是因为掌握一门学问，接下来是因为能够就此发表见解。收藏活动通过富有建设性地利用业余时间使人感到心满意足，不再有无聊之日。
New words and expressions 生词和短语
amass
v. 积聚
indiscriminate
adj. 不加选择的
clutter
n. 一堆杂物
string
n. 细线
requisite
n. 必需品
mania
n. 癖好
sketch
n. 草图，图样
remote
adj. （机会，可能性）少的，小的
strong-minded
adj. 意志坚强的
relaxation
n. 休息，娱乐
verify
v. 查证，核实
bearing
n. 关系，联系
like-minded
adj. 志趣相投的
specimen
n. 标本
constructively
adv. 有益的，积极的
contented
adj. 心满意足的
boredom
n. 烦恼，无聊
Notes on the text课文注释
1 in the belief that，这个介词短语在句子中作谓语动词leave的状语。
2 those very things，就是那些东西，very在这里起强调作用，可译作“正是那个(些)”，“正是所要的”
3 for two other reasons, lack of physical and mental energy, ... and sentiment，在这个句子中，lack of...和sentiment是两个并列的成分，作reasons的同位语，而both of which…是physical and mental energy的非限定性定语从句。
4 beyond their true worth,超过它们的实际价值。
5 to such an extent that，达到了这样的程度，that后面的从句作extent的同位语。
6 as just looking at one's treasures is always a joy，因为欣赏自己收藏的珍品总会充满了乐趣，as是连词，引导原因状语从句。
7 have some bearing on it，与它有关。
听录音，然后回答以下问题。
How was the drunk removed from the ring?
During a bullfight, a drunk suddenly wandered into the middle of the ring. The crowd began to shout, but the drunk was unaware of the danger. The bull was busy with the matador at the time, but it suddenly caught sight of the drunk who was shouting rude remarks and waving a red cap. Apparently sensitive to criticism, the bull forgot all about the matador and charged at the drunk. The crowd suddenly grew quiet. The drunk, however, seemed quite sure of himself. When the bull got close to him, he clumsily stepped aside to let it pass. The crowd broke into cheers and the drunk bowed. By this time, however, three men had come into the ring and they quickly dragged the drunk to safety. Even the bull seemed to feel sorry for him, for it looked on sympathetically until the drunk was out of the way before once more turning its attention to the matador.
参考译文
在一次斗牛时，一个醉汉突然溜达到斗牛场中间，人们开始大叫起来，但醉汉却没有意识到危险。当时那公牛正忙于对付斗牛士，但突然它看见了醉汉，只见 他正大声说着粗鲁的话，手里挥动着一顶红帽子。对挑衅显然非常敏感的公牛完全撇开斗牛士，直奔醉汉而来。观众突然静了下来，可这醉汉像是很有把握似的。当 公牛逼近他时，他踉跄地住旁边一闪，牛扑空了。观众欢呼起来，醉汉向人们鞠躬致谢。然而，此时已有3个人进入斗牛场，迅速把醉汉拉到安全的地方。好像连牛 也在为他感到遗憾，因为它一直同情地看着醉汉，直到他的背影消逝，才重新将注意力转向斗牛士。
New words and expressions 生词和短语
bullfight
n. 斗牛
drunk
n. 醉汉
wander
v. 溜达，乱走
ring
n. 圆形竞技场地
unaware
adj. 不知道的，未觉察的
bull
n. 公牛
matador
n. 斗牛士
remark
n. 评论；言语
apparently
adv. 明显地
sensitive
adj. 敏感的
criticism
n. 批评
charge
v. 冲上去
clumsily
adv. 笨拙地
bow
v. 鞠躬
safety
n. 安全地带
sympathetically
adv. 同情地
1．…the drunk was unaware of the danger.……醉汉没有意识到危险。
While she read the book, she was unaware of the noise around her.
她看那本书时没有觉察到周围的噪音。
I was unaware that you were coming.
我不知道你要来。
2．it suddenly caught sight of the drunk,突然它看见了醉汉。
catch sight of是个固定短语，意为“看见”、“发现”：
As I came out of the shop, I caught sight of Dan in the crowd.
当我从商店里出来时，我在人群中看到了丹。
3．sensitive to criticism,对挑衅／批评敏感。
sensitive表示“敏感的”、“神经过敏的”、“易生气的”或“介意的”等，通常与to+名词连用，也可作定语：
Mary is sensitive to smells.
玛丽对气味很敏感。
Mary has a sensitive ear.
玛丽的耳朵很灵敏。
You're too sensitive.
你太敏感了（太容易生气了）。
4．The drunk, however, seemed quite sure of himself.可这醉汉像是很有把握似的。
be/ feel sure of oneself 表示“有自信心”：
She's always so sure of herself.
她总是这么自信。
5．The crowd broke into cheers…观众欢呼起来……
break into 的含义之一是“突然发出／做出”、“突然……起来”，有控制不住的含义：
On hearing the news, she broke into tears.
听到消息后，她大哭起来。
When Sally saw the woman wearing a hat that looked like a lighthouse, she broke into laughter.
当萨莉看到那妇女戴着一顶像灯塔一样的帽子时，她大笑起来。
6．Even the bull seemed to feel sorry for him, for it looked on sympathetically until the drunk was out of the way before once more turning its attention to the matador. 好像连牛也在为他感到遗憾，因为它一直同情地看着醉汉，直到他的背影消逝，才重新将注意力转向斗牛士。
这个句子很长。for引导的句子与它前面的分句为并列句。for引导的分句中有两个时间状语，一是until引导的从句，二是before引导的动名词短语，其作用也相当于一个从句，由于主语也是it，用动名词形式更简洁些。
（1）look on可以表示“观看”、“旁观”：
Mary people just looked on while the two men robbed a woman.
当那两个人抢劫一位妇女时，许多人只是旁观。
（2）out of the way为固定短语，可以表示“不挡道”、“不碍事”：
While making meat pies, I always order the children to keep out of the way.
我做肉馅饼时，总是命令孩子们不要碍事。
语法 Grammar in use
与 for, with, of, to, at, from, in, on和 about连用的形容词
在第22课与第46课的语法中，我们学习了与of, from, in, on, to, at, for和with连用的动词，知道许多动词都有固定搭配的方式（如believe in, borrow from, occur to, account for 等）。另外，许多动词可以与不同的介词搭配（如 dream of/about, look at/for/after等）。与动词的情况相似，形容词大部分也有与自己固定搭配的介词，并且有些形容词也可以与不同的介词搭配。
（1）与 for连用的形容词（包括eager, enough, ready, sorry, famous等）：
My aunt is famous for her beauty.
我姑姑因貌美而驰名。
Even the bull seemed to feel sorry for him.
甚至连牛好像也在为他感到遗憾。
I'm ready for the journey.
我已做好旅行的准备。
We have enough apples for the children.
我们有足够给孩子们吃的苹果。
They were eager for the performance to begin.
他们热切地等待演出开始。
（2）与with连用的形容词（包括angry, busy, content, popular 等）：
The bull was busy with the matador at the time.
当时那公牛正忙于对付斗牛士。
Why was Mary angry with you?
玛丽为何生你的气？
She wasn't content with her life.
她对自己的生活不满。
Uncle Sam is always popular with children.
萨姆叔叔总是很受孩子们的欢迎。
（3）与of连用的形容词（包括afraid, aware, unaware, careful, certain, kind, north, south, east, west, short, shy, sure等）：
The drunk was unaware of the danger.
醉汉没有意识到危险。
Wallis Island is a long way west of Samoa.
瓦立斯岛位于萨摩亚群岛以西很远的地方。
I used to be afraid of ghosts.
我以前很怕鬼。
The drunk seemed quite sure of himself.
醉汉像是很有把握似的。
It's very kind of you to come to the wedding.
非常感谢您来参加婚礼。
She is careful of her dress.
她注意衣着。
Are you certain of his coming?
你确信他会来吗？
I was short of money at that time.
那时我正缺钱。
（4）与to连用的形容词（包括close, cruel, dear, new, obvious, polite, sensitive, rude, useful, similar等）：
Most people are sensitive to criticism.
大部分人对别人的批评很敏感。
He was never rude to his parents.
他对父母总是以礼相待。
I can't understand why he was so cruel to his brother/good to that dog/polite to you.
我无法理解他为何对他兄弟如此残忍／对那条狗那么好／对你如此客气。
Though the bicycle is old, it is very dear to me.
虽然这辆自行车破旧，但我很珍视它。
All these words are new to me.
所有这些单词我都是第一次遇到。
Our house is close to a river.
我们家紧挨着一条河。
It's obvious to everyone that he's lying.
大家都清楚他在撒谎。
These books are useful to/for foreign students.
这些书对外国学生有用。
My car is similar to yours.
我的车与你的车相似。
（5）与at连用的形容词（包括good, bad, clever, expert, quick, slow等）：
Jane is good/bad at swimming.
简擅长／不擅长游泳。
George is expert at/in flying a plane.
乔治驾驶飞机的技术高超。
Sally is not/very clever at mathematics, but she's clever at making dresses.
萨莉不是很擅长数学，但她擅长做衣服。
Tom is quick/slow at learning new things.
汤姆学新东西学得快／慢。
（6）与 from连用的形容词（包括away, different, far, safe等）：
It was very different from modern car races but no less exciting.
它虽然与现代汽车大赛不大相同，但激动人心的程度并不亚于现代汽车大赛。
While you're away from home, I'll look after the children.
你不在家时，我会照顾孩子的。
The lake is far from London.
这湖离伦敦很远。
The man was far from comfortable while being confined to the wooden box.
那人被闷在木箱里时一点儿也不舒服。
The village is safe from floods.
这个村子没有遭洪水袭击的危险。
（7）与in连用的形容词（包括 fortunate, honest, weak等）：
You're fortunate in having a house of your own.
你很幸运，有自己的房子。
Frank is honest in business.
弗兰克做生意老实。
I'm weak in/at chemics.
我化学较差。
（8）与on连用的形容词（包括dependent, intent, keen等）：
She was keen on tennis.
她热衷于打网球。
You shouldn't be so intent on making money.
你不应当如此一心只想赚钱。
Are you still dependent on your father?
你还靠你父亲生活吗？
（9）与about连用的形容词（包括 curious, doubtful, right, uneasy 等）：
She is uneasy about her future.
她为自己的前途担心。
He was curious about the strange noise.
她对那奇怪的响声好奇。
I'm doubtful about/of his words.
我对他的话怀疑。
词汇学习Word study
1．charge
（1）vt., vi.要价，收费：
They charged us too much for repairs.
他们向我们要的修理费太多了。
How much do you charge for this dress?
这件衣服要多少钱？
（2）vt.指控，指责：
The police charged him with murder.
警方指控他犯了谋杀罪。
He charged Gary with speeding.
他指责／指控加里驾车超速。
（3）vt.,vi.猛攻，冲向，冲锋，向前冲：
The bull charged at the drunk.
公牛直奔醉汉而来。
Suddenly a dog barked and charged out of the house.
突然，一条狗狂吠着从那所房子里冲了出来。
2．bow
（1）vi.,vt.鞠躬，欠身，低下（头等）：
The crowd broke into cheers and the drunk bowed.
观众欢呼起来，醉汉向人们鞠躬致谢。
The beggar bowed his thanks when people gave him money.
当人们给他钱时，那乞丐便欠身致谢。
As she couldn't answer the question, she bowed her head.
她因为不会回答这个问题，便低下了头。
（2）vi. 让步，屈服，服从：
Why did you bow to their decision?
你们为什么服从他们的决定？
He finally bowed before money and married the other girl.
他最终屈从于金钱的力量，娶了另一位姑娘。
（3）vt. 压弯，压倒：
My mother is bowed with age.
我母亲因年老而腰弯背驼。
The little tree is bowed with snow.
大雪压弯了那棵小树。
听录音，然后回答以下问题。
Why was the first tunnel not completed?
In 1858, a French engineer, Aime Thome de Gamond, arrived in England with a plan for a twenty-one-mile tunnel under the English Channel. He said that it would be possible to build a platform in the centre of the Channel. This platform would serve as a port and a railway station. The tunnel would be well-ventilated if tall chimneys were built above sea level. In 1860, a better plan was put forward by an Englishman, William Low. He suggested that a double railway-tunnel should be built. This would solve the problem of ventilation, for if a train entered this tunnel, it would draw in fresh air behind it. Forty-two years later a tunnel was actually begun. If, at the time, the British had not feared invasion, it would have been completed. The world had to wait almost another 100 years for the Channel Tunnel. It was officially opened on March 7,1994, finally connecting Britain to the European continent.
参考译文
1858年，一位名叫埃梅.托梅.德.干蒙的法国工程 师带着建造一条长21英里、穿越英吉利海陕的隧道计划到了英国。他说，可以在隧道中央建造一座平台，这座平台将用作码头和火车站。如果再建些伸出海面的高大的烟囱状通风管，隧道就具备了良好的通风条件。1860年，一位名叫威廉.洛的英国人提出了 一项更好的计划。他提议建一条双轨隧道，这样就解决了通风问题。因为如果有列火车开进隧道，它就把新鲜空气随之抽进了隧道。42年以后，隧道实际已经开始 建了。如果不是因为那时英国人害怕入侵，隧道早已建成了。世界不得不再等将近1才看到海峡隧道竣工。它于1994年3月7日正式开通，将英国与欧洲 大陆连到了一起。
New words and Expressions生词和短语
tunnel
n. 隧道
port
n. 港口
ventilate
v. 通风
chimney
n. 烟囱
sea level
海平面
double
adj. 双的
ventilation
n. 通风
fear
v. 害怕
invasion
n. 入侵，侵略
officially
adv. 正式地
connect
v. 连接
European
adj. 欧洲的
continent
n. 大陆
1．a plan for a twenty-one-mile tunnel，建造一条长 21英里的隧道的计划。
twenty－one－mile作 tunnel的修饰语，注意 mile为单数。plan for +名词／动名词表示“……的计划”：
They always make plans for their holidays, but, in the end, they always stay at home.
他们总是为假期制订各种计划，但是，末了，他们总是呆在家里。
He came with a plan for (building) a bridge over the river.
他带来了在这条河上建一座桥的计划。
2．serve as，充当，起……的作用（也可以说 serve for）。
The books on the floor may serve as/ for a carpet.
地板上的书可充当地毯用了。
This sofa can serve as/ for(a) bed.
这张沙发可以当床用。
3．a better plan was put forward, 提出了一项更好的计划。
put forward为固定短语，可分开用，其含义之一是“提出（计划、建议等）”：
You know they wouldn't accept your plan. Why did you put it forward?
你知道他们不会接受你的计划。你为什么要提出来呢？
Has he put forward any suggestion?
他提出什么建议了吗？
4．He suggested that a double railway-tunnel should be built.他提
议建一条双轨隧道。
suggest后面跟从句时，从句的谓语动词形式为 should（可省略）+动词原形（cf．第63课语法）：
He suggested (that) they (should) change the plans.
他建议他们改变计划。
suggest后面也可以跟名词或动名词形式。（cf．第47课词汇学习）
5．It was officially opened on March 7,1994, finally connecting Britain to the European continent.它于1994年3月7日正式开通，将英国与欧洲大陆连到了一起。
现在分词 connecting 引导的短语相当于一个并列分句。connect表示“连接”、“连结”，可与to或with连用：
This road connects the willage with/to London.
这条公路连接着这个村子与伦敦。
The lake and the canal are connected by a river.
这个湖与运河之间由一条小河相连。
语法 Grammar in use
第3类条件句
（1）在第16课的语法中，我们学习了用第1类条件句表示将来很可能发生的事：
If you park your car in the wrong place, a traffic policeman will soon find it.
一旦你把汽车停错了地方，交通警便很快就会发现。
在第40课的语法中，我们学习了用第2类条件句谈论想像中的情况或描写完全不可能的事：
If you ate more and talked less, we would both enjoy our dinner!
如果你多吃点，少说点，我们两个都会吃得好的！
If I were you, I would not go to London tomorrow.
如果我是你，我明天就不去伦敦。（婉转的建议）
（2）第3类条件句的基本结构与前两类都不一样，if从句需用过去完成时，主句用 would have/should have+过去分词形式：
If it had rained, we would have stayed at home.
要是下雨，我们就会呆在家里了。
第3类条件句在if从句里设想纯粹想像的事情，在主句里讲述想像的结果。它与第2类条件句有一定的相似之处。但是，第3类条件句所谈的是没有或永远不可能有的结果，因为它们指的是过去没有过的事情。它们是所谓的“假设条件句”：
If I had worked harder at school, I'd have go a better job.
要是我上学时勤奋一些，我就会有较好的工作了。（事实是现在的工作不太好）
在 if从句中可用 could have+过去分词代替 had been able to +动词原形:
Why didn't you read the book yesterday?
你昨天为什么没有看这本书?
I'd have read it if I could have bought it!
如果咋夭我能买到这书我就会读的!
词汇学习Word study
1．fear vt.
（1）害怕，畏惧：
If, at the time, the British had not feared invasion, the tunnel would have been completed.
如果不是因为那时英国人害怕入侵，隧道早就建成了。
She fears speaking in public.
她害怕当众讲话。
（2）恐怕，猜想（比 be afraid要正式）：
We fear/It is feared/ We're afraid that many lives have been lost in the crash.
在这次撞车事故中恐怕有许多人丢了性命。
I fear that she has lost her way in the forest.
我担心她在森林里迷路了。
2．动词 draw 的一些短语
动词draw的主要含义之一是“拉”、“拖”，它与不同的小品词连用可以有不同的含义。
（1）draw in，使……进入；吸入：
If a train entered the tunnel, it would draw in fresh air behind it.
如果有一列火车开进隧道，它就把新鲜空气随之抽了进来。
The smell of flowers in the shop drew us in.
花的香味使我们走进了这家商店。
（2）draw back，后退，后缩；收回，撤回：
If you take part in the race, you mustn't draw back.
你如果参加比赛，就一定不能退出／后退。
You must finish the work by yourselves now. They have drawn back their people.
你们得靠自己完成这项工作。他们已把他们的人员撤走了。
（3）draw up，停住，使……停住；起草，制订，拟订：
I was waiting for Jill in front of a shop when a taxi drew up beside me.
我正在一家商店门口等吉尔时，一辆出租车停在了我身边。
Have any new agreements been drawn up between the two countries?
这两个国家之间又签订什么新协议了吗？
（4）draw off，撤走，离开：
The villagers had to draw off because of the flood.
由于洪水的缘故，村民们不得不撤走。
When the others were talking loudly, he quietly drew off.
其他人大声交谈时，他悄悄地离开了。
Why did Jenny want to leave the wedding reception?
听录音，然后回答以下问题。
Jeremy Hampden has a large circle of friends and is very popular at parties. Everybody admires him for his great sense of humour -- everybody, that is, except his six-year-old daughter, Jenny. Recently, one of Jeremy's closest friends asked him to make a speech at a wedding reception. This is the sort of thing that Jeremy loves. He prepared the speech carefully and went to the wedding with Jenny. he had included a large number of funny stories in the speech and, of course, it was a great success. As soon as he had finished, Jenny told him she wanted to go home. Jeremy was a little disappointed by this but he did as his daughter asked. On the way home, he asked Jenny if she had enjoyed the speech. To his surprise, she said she hadn't. Jeremy asked her why this was so and she told him that she did not like to see so many people laughing at him!
参考译文
杰里米.汉普登交际甚广，是各种聚会上深受大家欢 迎的人。人人都钦佩他那绝妙的幽默感 -- 人人，就是说，除他6岁的女儿珍妮之外的每一个人。最近，杰里米的一个最亲密的朋友请他在一个婚礼上祝词。这正是杰里米喜欢做的事情。他认真准备了讲稿， 带着珍妮一道去参加了婚礼。他的祝词里面加进了大量逗人的故事，自然大获成功。他刚一讲完，珍妮就对他说她要回家。这不免使杰里米有点扫兴，但他还是按照 女儿的要求做了。在回家的路上，他问珍妮是否喜欢他的祝词。使他吃惊的是，她说她不喜欢。杰里米问他为何不喜欢，她说她不愿意看到那么多的人嘲笑他！
New words and Expressions生词和短语
circle
n. 圈子
admire
v. 赞美，钦佩
close
adj. 亲密的
wedding
n. 婚礼
reception
n. 招待会
sort
n. 种类
1. Jeremy Hampden has a large circle of friends and is very popular at parties.杰里米·汉普登交际甚广，是各种聚会上深受大家欢迎的人。
（1）circle的含义之一是“（具有共同利益或兴趣等的人形成的）圈子”、“……界”：
Such things are never talked about in businese circles.
商业界的人士从来不谈论这种事。
Jeremy used to have a large circle of friends, but now he likes being alone.
杰里米以前交游甚广，但现在他喜欢独处。
（2）popular在这里表示“受欢迎的”、“得人心的”：
She is now a popular actress.
她现在是个走红的演员。
Mary is always popular with/among children.
玛丽总是很受孩子们的欢迎。
2．his great sense of humour,他那绝妙的幽默感。
humour可以指“幽默”、“幽默感”，sense of humour指“幽默感”：
He has a good/great sense of humour.
他很有幽默感。
George has no sense of humour.
乔治没有幽默感。
He is a man without humour.
他是个没有幽默感的人。
3．…everybody, that is, except his six-year-old daughter, Jenny.
……人人，就是说，除他6岁的女儿珍妮之外的每一个人。
（1）that is为插入语，表示“那就是说”、“亦即”，用于补充说明everybody。
He is coming home next Monday, that is, April 5th.
他将于下星期一也就是4月5号到家。
He is coming home next Monday, that is, if he does not change his plan.
他将于下星期一到家，就是说，如果他不改变计划的话。
（2）Jenny为his…daughter的同位语。
（3）数词加名词构成复合形容词可以用于表示年龄、时间、度量等，名词通常用单数：
a twenty-year-old man 一位20岁的男子
a four-hour meeting 历时4小时的会议
a six-foot hole 一个6英尺深的洞（也可以说a hole six feet deep,这时foot用复数）
a three-hour journey 一次3小时的旅程
4．This is the sort of thing that Jeremy loves.这正是杰里米喜欢做的事情。
sort表示“种类”、“类型”，常与of连用：
There are all sorts of flowers in his garden.
他家花园里有各种各样的花。
You mustn't mix with that sort of people.
你不得与那种人交往。
5．…he did as his daughter asked.……他还是按照女儿的要求做了。
as引导的是方式状语从句，其含义为“如同……那样”、“以……的方式”：
This fish isn't cooked as I like it.
这条鱼不是按我喜欢的那样做的。
6．to his surprise,令他吃惊的是。
to sb's surprise是固定短语：
To my surprise, they can't sell their flat.
使我惊讶的是，他们的那套房子居然卖不出去。
7．Jeremy asked her why this was so…杰里米问她为何不喜欢……
this was so代指前面提到的情况，即she hadn't enjoyed the speech, this指“上述之事”，so表示“如此的”。
语法 Grammar in use
间接引语：祈使句的转述
（1）在第15课与第39课的语法中，我们分别学习了陈述句和疑问句变为间接引语的情况，它们基本上都是引述词(say, tell 等)+（间接宾语）+从句：
He told me that the firm could not afford to pay such large salaries.
他告诉我，公司支付不起这么庞大的工资开支。（间接陈述句）
He asked if Mr. Gilbert's operation had been successful.
他问吉尔伯特先生的手术是否成功。（间接疑问句）
（2）祈使句的情况有所不同。表示命令、请求、建议的祈使句通常可用适当的动词后跟不定式来转述。常用的这类动词有
advise, ask, tell, order, command, warn, invite等，这些动词后往往有间接宾语：
“Remeber to turn off all the lights”she said.
她说:“记着把所有的灯关掉。”
She reminded / told me to turn off all the light.
她提醒/告诉我把所有的灯关掉。
转述这类祈使句的否定形式时，必须将not放在带to的不定式之前：
I advise you not to buy her anything.
我建议你别给她买任何东西。
（3）动词suggest和insist用于转述建议、要求时，其结构为suggest/insist+that从句（用should）：
Why don't they sell the flat?
他们为什么不把那套房子卖掉?
He suggests that they should sell the flat.I hope they won't sell the flat.
他建议他们把那套房子卖掉。我希望他们不把那套房子卖掉。(suggest后面的that可省略;不论suggest是现在时还是过去时，后面都用should)
词汇学习Word study
1．admire vt.
（1）钦佩，赞赏：
Everybody admires him for his great sense of humour.
大家都钦佩他那绝妙的幽默感。
I admire his music more than anyone else's.
比起其他人的音乐来我更赞赏他的。（表示喜好，不可用进行时）
（2）欣赏，观赏：
Frank is admiring your garden.
弗兰克正在欣赏你家的花园。
While admiring the new building, I heard someone calling my name.
正当我在观赏那座新建筑时，我听到有人叫我的名字。
（3）（口语）夸奖，称赞：
Don't forget to admire her new dress.
别忘了赞美她的新衣服。
She likes to hear her children admired.
她喜欢听到她的孩子们受到夸奖。
2．laugh vi.
（1）（大）笑：
You're very kind to laugh when I tell a funny story.
我很感激你在我讲一个逗人的故事时发笑。
Everybody laughed out loud when he said that.
他说那话时大家都放声大笑。
（2）嘲笑（介词用at）：
If you go round saying things like that, everyone will laugh at you.
如果你到处说那种话，所有的人都会嘲笑你的。
She did not like to see so many people laughing at him.
她不愿意看到那么多人嘲笑他。
如果 laugh at后面跟的是物，则表示“因……而发笑”：
You're very kind to laugh at my funny stories.
我很感激你因我讲的逗人的故事而发笑。
★ 新概念英语第二册第83课:After the elections
★ 新概念英语第二册第32课:shopping made easy
★ 新概念英语第二册第91课:Three men in a basket
