下面是小编帮大家整理的职称英语综合类根据大意练习（共含7篇），希望对大家的学习与工作有所帮助。同时，但愿您也能像本文投稿人“星宝源陈振南”一样，积极向本站投稿分享好文章。
Museums in the modern world
Museums have changed. They are no longer places for the privileged few or for bored vacationers to visit on rainy days. Action and democracy are words used in descriptions of museums now.
At a science museum in Ontario, Canada, you can feel your hair stand on end as harmless electricity passes through your body. At the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City, you can look at 17th century instruments while listening to their music. At the Modern Museum in Sweden, you can put on costumes provided by the Stockholm Opera. As these examples show, museums are reaching out to new audiences, particularly the young, the poor, and the less educated members of the population. As a result, attendance is increasing.
More and more, museums directors are realizing that people learn best when they can somehow become part of what they are seeing. In many science museums, for example, there are no guided tours. The visitor is encouraged to touch, listen, operate, and experiment so as to discover scientific principles for himself. He can have the experience of operating a spaceship or a computer. He can experiment with glass blowing and papermaking. The purpose is not only to provide fun but also to help people feel at home in the world of science. The theory is that people who do not understand science will probably fear it, and those who fear science will not use it to the best advantage. Many museums now provide educational services and children's departments. In addition to the usual displays, they also offer film showings and dance programs. Instead of being places that one should visit, they are places to enjoy.
One cause of all these changes is the increase in wealth and leisure time. Another cause is the rising percentage of young population. Many of these young people are college students or college graduates, they are better educated than their parents. They see things in a new and different way. They are not content to stand and look at works of art; they want art they can participate in. The same is true of science and history. In the US., certain groups who formerly were too poor to care about anything beyond the basic needs of daily life are now becoming curious about the world around them. The young people in these groups, like young people in general, have benefited from a better education than their parents received. All these groups, and the rest of the population as well, have been influenced by television, which has taught them about places and other times.
The effect of all this has been to change existing museums and to encourage the building of new ones. In the US. and Canada alone, there are now more than 6,000 museums, almost twice as many as there were 25 years ago. About half of them are devoted to history, and the rest are evenly divided between the arts and sciences. The number of visitors, according to the American Association of museums, has risen to more than 700 million a year.
In fact, the crowds of visitors at some museums are creating a major problem, admission to museums has always been either free or very inexpensive, but now some museums are charging entrance fees for the first time or raising their prices. Even when raised, however, entrance fees are generally too low to support a museum, with its usually large building and its highly trained staff.
1. paragraph 2 _________.
2. paragraph 3 _________.
3. paragraph 4 _________.
4. paragraph 5 _________.
A. causes of changes
B. increasing number of museums and visitors
C. museums getting closer to more spectators
D. movies shown in museums
E. new notions about the management of museums
F. places to visit
5. Now museums are no longer restricted to the privileged few, but_______.
6. With the development of society, people, especially the young people, _____.
7. To meet the needs of society, more museums _____.
Hurricanes
1. Did you know that before 1950，hurricanes had no names?They were simply given numbers. The first names were simply Alpha，Bravo，Charlie，etc. But in 1953，female names were given because of the unpredictability(不可预知的)factor of the storms. In 1979，realizing the sexist(性别歧视的)nature of such names，the lists were expanded to include both men and women.
2. Hurricanes and typhoons(台风)are the same things. If they form in the Atlantic，we call these strong storms hurricanes，from the West Indian word hurricane，meaning “big wind.” And if they are Pacific storms，they are called typhoons from the Chinese taifun，meaning “great wind.” To be classified as a hurricane，the storm must have maximum winds of at least 75 mph. These storms are big，many hundreds of miles in diameter.
3. Hurricanes get their power from water vapor as it gives out its stored-up energy. All water vapor gives out heat as it condenses(凝结)from a gaseous state to a liquid state over fixed points on the equator(赤道).To make a hurricane，you must have extremely wet，warm air，the kind of air that can only be found in tropical regions.
4. Scientists have determined that the heat given out in the process of water condensation can be as high as 95 billion kilowatts per hour. In just one day alone，the storm can produce more energy than many industrialized nations need in an entire year! The problem is that we don't know how to make such great energy work for us.
5. Predicting the path of a hurricane is one of the most difficult tasks for forecasters. It moves at a typical speed of 15 mph. But not always. Some storms may race along at twice this speed，then suddenly stop and remain in the same location in the ocean for several days. It can be maddening(发疯的)if you live in a coastal area that may be hit.
6. The biggest advance in early detection is continuous watch from weather satellites. With these，we can see the storms form and track them fully，from birth to death. While they can still kill people and destroy property，hurricanes will never surprise any nation again.
23.Paragraph 1
24.Paragraph 2
25.Paragraph 3
26.Paragraph 4
A.A Short History of Naming Hurricanes
B.Harnessing the Hurricane Energy
C.Difficulty in Forecasting the Course of a Hurricane
D.Huge Energy Stored in a Hurricane
E.Forecasting a Hurricane Through Satellite Watching
F.Different Names for the Same Things
27.Both male and female names are used for hurricanes in consideration of________.
28.Using weather satellites can ensure________of hurricanes.
29.Energy specialists may be interested in________of hurricanes.
30.Scientists cannot accurately predict the course of a hurricane due to________.
A.the timely(及时的)discovery
B.convenience
C.sex equality
D.its connection with humans，
E.the huge power
F.its uncertainly
答案：
23. A 24. F 25. D 26. C
27. C 28. A 29. E 30. F
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Recreation and Sports “All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy” is a popular saying in the United States. Other countries have similar sayings. It is true that all of us need recreation. We cannot work all the time if we are going to maintain good health and enjoy life. Good physical and mental health in fact enables us to work more efficiently. Everyone has his own way of relaxing .Perhaps the most popular way is to participate in sports. There are team sports, such as baseball, basketball, and football.
There are individual sports, also, such as golf and swimming. In addition, hiking, fishing, siding and mountain climbing have a great attraction for people who like to be outdoors. Chess, card-playing , and dancing are forms of indoor recreation enjoyed by many people. Not everyone who enjoys sporting events likes to participate in them. Many people prefer to be spectators, either by attending the games in person, watching them on television, or listening to them on the radio. When there is an important baseball game or boxing match, it is almost impossible to get tickets; everyone wants to attend. It doesn t matter whether we play a fast game of ping-pong, concentrate over the bridge table, or go walking through the woods on a brisk autumn afternoon. It is important for everyone to relax from time to time and enjoy some form of recreation.
练习：
1． Paragraph 2____________.
2． Paragraph3____________.
3． Paragraph4____________.
A) The important of having recreation
B) The recreation centers
C) Type of sports
D) Fun of being spectators
4． To keep fit and enjoy life , all of us must have____________.
5． Participating in door sports or outdoor sports is a good way___________.
6． Many people prefer watching games to__________.
7． It is generally believed that those who work all the time and do not know how to relax_______.
A) must be very boring
B) some kind of recreati
C) participating in them
D) to relax oneself
E) to choose one s own way of relaxing
Keys: CDABDCA
1.职称英语综合类概括大意练习(1)
2.20职称英语综合类概括大意练习(4)
3.年职称英语综合类概括大意练习(5)
4.职称英语综合类概括大意练习参考题
5.职称英语综合类学习资料概括大意练习3
6.职称英语综合类学习资料概括大意练习9
7.职称英语综合类学习资料概括大意练习10
8.2014年职称英语综合类概括大意练习(2)
9.2014年职称英语综合类概括大意练习(3)
10.职称英语综合类学习资料概括大意练习1
Transport and Trade
Transport is one of the aids to trade.By moving goods from places where they are plentiful to places where they are scarce,transport adds to their value.The more easily goods can be brought over the distance that separates producer and consumer,the better for trade.When there were no railways,no good roads,no canals,and only small sailing ships,trade was on a small scale.
The great advances made in transport during the last two hundred years were accompanied by a big increase in trade.Bigger and faster ships enabled a trade in meat to develop between Britain and New Zealand,for instance.Quicker transport makes possible mass-production and big business,drawing supplies from,and selling goods to,all parts of the globe.Big factories could not exist without transport to carry the large number of workers they need to and from their homes.Big city stores could not have developed unless customers could travel easily from the suburbs and goods delivered to their homes.Big cities could not survive unless food could be brought from a distance.
Transport also prevents waste.Much of the fish landed at the ports would be wasted if it could not be taken quickly to inland towns.Transport has given us a much greater variety of foods and goods since we no longer have to live on what is produced locally.Foods which at one time could be obtained only during a part of the year can now be obtained all through the year.Transport has raised the standard of living.
By moving fuel,raw materials,and even power,as,for example,through electric cables,transport has led to the establishment of industries and trade in areas where they would have been impossible before.Districts and countries can concentrate on making things which they can do better and more cheaply than others and can then exchange them with one another.The cheaper and quicker transport becomes,the longer the distance over which goods can profitably be carried.Countries with poor transport have a lower standard of living.
Commerce requires not only the moving of goods and people but also the carrying of messages and information.Means of communication,like telephones,cables and radio,send information about prices,supplies,and changing conditions in different parts of the world.In this way,advanced communication systems also help to develop trade.
练习：
1.Paragraph 2 _________
2.Paragraph 3 _________
3.Paragraph 4 _________
4.Paragraph 5 _________
A.Higher living standard
B.Importance of transport in trade
C.Various means of transport
D.Birth of transport-related industries and trade
E.Role of information in trade
F.Public transportation
5.The development of modern means of transport _________.
6.Only when goods can be carried to all parts of the world quickly ___________.
7.Transport has made it possible for people to eat whatever food they want _________.
8.In the trade of modern society the transmission of information plays as important a role as ________.
A.to send goods to various parts of the world
B.at any time during the year
C.has greatly promoted trade
D.is it possible to produce on a large scale
E.the transport of goods
F.it is possible to produce on a large scale
答案：B A D E C D B E
1.职称英语综合类概括大意A级专项练习
2.2014年职称英语综合类概括大意练习(2)
3.2014年职称英语综合类概括大意练习(3)
4.职称英语综合类学习资料概括大意练习1
5.职称英语综合类概括大意练习参考题
6.职称英语综合类学习资料概括大意练习6
7.职称英语综合类学习资料概括大意练习10
8.职称英语综合类学习资料概括大意练习9
9.2014年职称英语综合类概括大意练习(1)
10.2014年职称英语综合类概括大意练习(5)
PASSAGE 12 ?
Adult Education
?Voluntary learning in organized courses by mature men and women is called adult education. Such education is offered to make people able to enlarge and interpret their experience as adults. Adults may want to study something which they missed in earlier schooling, get new skills or job training, find out about new technological developments, seek better self-understanding, or develop new talents and skills.
This kind of education may be in the form of self-study with proper guidance through the use of libraries, correspondence course, or broadcasting. It may also be acquired collectively in schools and colleges, study groups, workshops, clubs, and professional associations.
Modern adult education for large numbers of people started in the 18th and 19th centuries with the rise of the Industrial Revolution. Great economic and social changes were taking place: people were moving from rural areas to cities; new types of work were being created in an expanding factory system. These and other factors produced a need for further education and re-education of adults.
The earliest programs of organized adult education arose in Great Britain in the 1790s, with the founding of an adult school in Nottingham and a mechanics#39; institute in Glasgow. The earliest adult education institution in the United States was founded by Benjamin Franklin and some friends in Philadelphia in 1727.
People recognize that continued learning is necessary for most forms of employment today. For example, parts of the adult population in many countries find it necessary to take part in retraining programs at work of even to learn completely new jobs. Adult education programs are springing up constantly to meet these and other needs.
练习：
1． Paragraph 2__________.
2． Paragraph 3__________.
3． Paragraph 4__________.
4． Paragraph 5__________.
A Necessity for developing adult education
B Early days of adult education
C Ways of receiving adult education
D Growth of adult education
E Institutions of adult education
F Definition of adult education
5． Some adults want to learn _______________.
6． There are various forms of adult education, including ____________.
7． Adult education has been made necessary ___________.
8． The earliest organized adult education _______________.
A by social and economic changes
B guided self-study and correspondence courses
C by studying together with children
D what they did not manage to learn earlier
E dates back to the eighteenth century
F mass production
Key:CABDDBAE
PASSAGE 13?
Air Transportation
Airplanes are used to carry passengers, cargo and mail. Air transport companies operate scheduled airlines and non-scheduled services over local, regional, national, and international routes. The aircraft operated by these companies range from small single-engine planes to large multiengine jet transports.
The first air passenger services began in 1910, when dirigibles began operation between several German cities. The first scheduled airplane service to carry passengers began in the U.S in 1914. Several experimental airmail flights took place in India, Europe, and the United States before World War I, but air transport service did not become a true business until after the war.
During World War Two, intercontinental air transport became firmly established. After the war the new long-distance transports with advanced facilities were increasingly able to avoid storms and strong wind and make flights more economical and consistent. A new generation of “jumbo-jet” transports began operations in 1970, and the supersonic transport entered passenger service in 1976.
During the 1970s the number of domestic passengers on U.S airlines increased about 78%, and during the 1980s the figure was up about 58%. In 1990 there were 41.8 million international passengers, the figure was a 75% increase over 1980. The total cargo flown by U.S airlines almost doubled during the 1980s, from 5.7 billion to 10.6 billion ton-miles in 1990.
Major airports provide a wide range of facilities for the convenience of millions of travelers. These range from such basic services as ticket-sales counters and restaurants to luxury hotels, shopping centers and play areas for children. International airports must also have customs areas and currency-exchange counters and so on.
EXERCISE:
1. Paragraph 2 _____.
2. Paragraph 3 _____.
3. Paragraph 4 _____.
4. Paragraph 5 _____.
A Airport services
B Training of pilots
C Beginning period
D Rapid growth in the U.S.
E Development
F Competition
5. Air transport companies use different plans ____.
6. The United States was the country where ____.
7. The forty years from the 1930s to the 1970s was an important period ___.
8. Nowadays airports provide all kinds of services ____.
A in the development of air transportation
B the earliest passenger flights were successfully operated
C to make travel easy and pleasant for the passengers
D to provide different services
E the shortage of qualified pilots
F traveling by air was very cheap
KEY: C E D A D B A C
PASSAGE 18
Volts from the Sky
?Lightning has caused awe and wonder since old times. Although Benjamin Franklin demonstrated lightning as enormous electrical discharge more than 200 years ago, many puzzles still surround this powerful phenomenon.
Lightning is generated when electrical charges separate in rain clouds, though processes are still not fully understood. Typically, positive charges build at the cloud top, while the bottom becomes negatively charged. In most instances of cloud-to-ground lightning, the negatively charged lower portion of the cloud repels negatively charged particles on the ground#39;s surfaces, making it become positively charged. The positive charge on the ground gathers at elevated points.
A flow of electrons begins between the cloud and earth. When the voltage charge becomes large enough, it breaks through the insulating barrier of air, and electrons zigzag earthward. We see the discharge as lightning.
Lightning can occur within a cloud, between clouds, or between clouds and the ground. The first variety, intra-cloud lightning, is the most frequent but is often hidden from our view. Cloud-to-ground lightning, making up about 20 percent of lightning discharges, is what we usually see. Lightning comes in several forms, including sheet, ribbon, and ball. Intra-cloud lightning can illuminate a cloud so it looks like a white sheet, hence its name. When cloud-to-ground lightning occurs during strong winds, they can shift the lightning channel sideways, so it looks like a ribbon. The average lightning strike is more than 3 miles long and can travel at a tenth of the speed of light. Ball lightning, the rarest and most mysterious form, derives its name from the small luminous ball that appears near the impact point, moves horizontally, and lasts for several seconds.
Thunder is generated by the tremendous heat released in a lightning discharge. Temperatures near the discharge can reach as high as 50,000°F within thousandths of a second. This sudden heating acts as an explosion, generating shock waves we hear as thunder.
About 2,000 thunderstorms are occurring in the world at any time, generating about 100 lighting strikes every second, or 8 million daily. Within the United States, lightning strikes are estimated at 20 million a year, or about 22,000 per day. You have a 1-in-600,000 chance of bring struck by lightning during your lifetime. Lightning can strike twice or more in the same spot. The Empire State Building in New York is struck by lightning about two dozen times annually.
You can measure how far you are from a lightning strike by counting the seconds between viewing the flash and hearing the bang, and then dividing by five. This approximates the mileage.
练习：1-4题的要求是，从第一个方框的六个选项A、B、C、D、E、F中选出四个选项为注明的段落各配一个合适的小标题。5-8题的要求是，从第二个方框的六个选项A、B、C、D、E、F中选出四个选项完成每个句子。
1. Paragraphs 2 and 3
2. Paragraph 4
3. Paragraph 5
4. Paragraph 6
A Cloud-to-ground lightning occurring in the U.S.
B Types of lightning
C Cause of lightning
D Differences between thunder and thunderstorm
E Frequencies of thunderstorms occurring in the world and the U.S.
F Shock waves as thunder
5. In most cases of cloud-to-ground lightning, the ground#39;s surface …
6. One form of lightning that … is ball lightning …
7. Cloud lightning looks like a ribbon when its lighting channel …
8. Although not fully understanding processes of lightning, man …
A occurs most infrequently.
B is shifted sideways by strong winds.
C is often hidden from our view.
D is equipped with a good knowledge of various forms of lightning .
E is estimated at 20 millions a year.
F is positively charged.
KEYS: CBFE FABD
PASSAGE 19
Geology and Health
The importance of particular metals in the human diet has been realized within the past few decades, and the idea that geology might be related to health has been recognized for a number of elements such as iodine, zinc and selenium. For example, soils with low iodine contents produce crops, and animals deficient in iodine. A lack of iodine in the human diet leads to some serious diseases.
The ultimate source of metals within the human body is rocks, which weather into soil, gaining or losing some of their chemical constituents. The crops we eat selectively remove from the soil the elements that they require for growth. The water we drink contains trace elements leached from rock and soil. Thus the geology and geochemistry of the environments have effects on the chemistry and health of plants, animals and people.
So far there is no data to suggest that people living on metal-rich soils experience a potential health hazard. The levels of metals within naturally contaminated soils are generally not high enough to cause serious health problems. Living on metal-rich soils does not represent a health risk unless large quantities of soil are digested or metal-rich dust is inhaled. However, small children are particularly exposed to metal-rich topsoil in playgrounds and gardens. They are also the most likely ones to eat potentially dangerous metal-rich soil.
Heavy metals are persistent; they do not break down to other chemicals in the environment. Industrially polluted sites usually undergo intensive clean-up and rehabilitation because heavy metals are a health concern once they enter the food chain. Some trace metals are alleged to cause cancer and are also known to cause poisoning.
In contrast, naturally contaminated soils have not been subject to risk assessment studies and rehabilitation measures, despite the fact that they frequently possess metal concentrations well above those of such polluted by humans and above environmental quality criteria.
There is a vital need to understand the potential risks and long-term health effects of living on naturally contaminated soils. Future environmental investigations of naturally polluted soils should concentrate on the potential pathways of metals into the food chain and human body. Geologists should be part of such studies as they can provide the essential background information on rock and soil chemistry as well as the chemical forms of heavy metal pollution.
A. No evidence to indicate bad effects of naturally contaminated soil
B. Potential hazards of human contaminated soils
C. Research on channels of heavy metals getting into human food chain
D. Geology and health problems
E. Rocks-the ultimate source of soil pollution
F. Long- term health effects on children
1. Paragraph 1
2. Paragraph 3
3. Paragraph 4
4. Paragraph 6
A. industrially polluted soils
B. rock and soil chemistry
C. naturally polluted soils
D. the pathways of metals into the food chain
E. the element of iodine
F. the persistence of heavy metals
5. Some serious diseases is connected with deficiency of ……
6. It is extremely necessary to study the long-term effects caused by living on ……
7. Geologists are indispensable in the research project on geology and health due to their knowledge on……
8. Industrially contaminated sites usually require a thorough clean-up due to ……
Key: DABCECBF
PASSAGE 5 ?
Recreation and Sports
“All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy” is a popular saying in the United States. Other countries have similar sayings. It is true that all of us need recreation. We cannot work all the time if we are going to maintain good health and enjoy life. Good physical and mental health in fact enables us to work more efficiently.
Everyone has his own way of relaxing .Perhaps the most popular way is to participate in sports. There are team sports, such as baseball, basketball, and football. There are individual sports, also, such as golf and swimming. In addition, hiking, fishing, siding and mountain climbing have a great attraction for people who like to be outdoors. Chess, card-playing , and dancing are forms of indoor recreation enjoyed by many people.
Not everyone who enjoys sporting events likes to participate in them. Many people prefer to be spectators, either by attending the games in person, watching them on television, or listening to them on the radio. When there is an important baseball game or boxing match, it is almost impossible to get tickets; everyone wants to attend.
It doesn#39;t matter whether we play a fast game of ping-pong, concentrate over the bridge table, or go walking through the woods on a brisk autumn afternoon. It is important for everyone to relax from time to time and enjoy some form of recreation.
练习：
1． Paragraph 2____________.
2． Paragraph3____________.
3． Paragraph4____________.
A) The important of having recreation
B) The recreation centers
C) Type of sports
D) Fun of being spectators
4． To keep fit and enjoy life , all of us must have____________.
5． Participating in door sports or outdoor sports is a good way___________.
6． Many people prefer watching games to__________.
7． It is generally believed that those who work all the time and do not know how to relax_______.
A) must be very boring
B) some kind of recreation
C) participating in them
D) to relax oneself
E) to choose one#39;s own way of relaxing
Keys: CDABDCA
PASSAGE 6 ?
Work and Careers
?Sometimes we say that someone we know is a “square peg in a round hole”(1). This simply means that the person we are talking about is not suited for the job he is doing. He may be a bookkeeper who really wants to be an actor or a mechanic who likes cooking. Unfortunately, many people in the world are “square pegs”; they are not doing the kind of work they should be doing, for one reason or another. As a result they probably are not doing a very good job and certainly they are not happy.
Choosing the right career is very important. Most of us spend a great part of our lives at our jobs. For that reason we should try to find out what our talents are and how we can use them. We can do this through aptitude test, interview with specialists, and study of books in our field of interest.
There are many careers open to each of us. Perhaps we like science. Then we might prepare ourselves to be chemists, physicists, or biologists. Maybe our interests take us into the business world and such work as accounting, personnel management or public relations. Many persons find their place in government service. Teaching, newspaper work, medicine, engineering---these and many other fields offer fascinating careers to persons with talent and training.
练习：
1. Paragraph 1____________.
2. Paragraph 2____________.
3. Paragraph 3____________.
A) Job choices for the talented
B) Importance of finding the right job
C) Result of taking the wrong job
D) Variety of jobs open to all
4. A person who is not doing the right job cannot expect to _______________.
5. To find the job most suitable for yourself, you should first of all ____________.
6. There are actually various kinds of jobs we all can _______________.
7. There are numerous ways to find out ______________.
A) spend more time in school
B) what job suit you best
C) choose from
D) do it well and feel comfortable in it
E) find out what your talents are
Keys:
C B D D E C B
PASSAGE 7 ?
Schools and Education
Life in the twentieth century demands preparation. Today, all individuals in a country must have adequate schooling to prepare them for their work as well as for their responsibilities as citizens. With this in mind, national leaders everywhere are placing more emphasis on the education of the young. In the United States, government officials, parents, and teachers are working hard to give their children - tomorrow#39;s decision makers - the best preparation available.
There is no national school policy in the United States. Each of the fifty states makes its own rules and regulations for its school, but there are many similarities among the fifty school systems. Public schools in all states are supported by taxes paid by the citizens of the individual state. In most states the children are required to attend school until they reach the age of sixteen.
When they become six years old, children begin elementary school. After six years in elementary school, they go into junior high school and remain there for three years. The last three years of their public school education are spent in senior high school, from which they graduate at the age of eighteen.
A great number of high school graduates continue their education in one of the many colleges or universities in the country. After four years, they receive a bachelor#39;s degree. Some continue studying for a master#39;s degree and perhaps a doctor#39;s degree.
练习：
A. Family education in the United States
B. Primary and secondary schooling
C. The importance of education
D. The similar school system throughout the US
1. Paragraph 1 _________
2. Paragraph 2 _________
3. Paragraph 3 _________
A. go on to study in colleges or universities
B. emphasized today
C. the taxes paid by the citizens of each state
D. to go abroad to do further study
E. attend school
4. Education is being _________
5. In most states children, before they are 16, must _________.
6. Public schools are financed by _________.
7. After one finishes secondary school, he may or may not _________.
答案：CDBBECA
★ 《华严经》大意
