下面是小编给大家整理的大学英语四级英语考试模拟题《一》（共含8篇），欢迎大家借鉴与参考，希望对大家有所帮助。同时，但愿您也能像本文投稿人“葫芦”一样，积极向本站投稿分享好文章。
part i listening comprehension (略)
part ii reading comprehension (35 minutes)
directions: there are 4 reading passages in this part. each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. for each of them there are four choices marked a), b),c) and d). you should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single ling through the centre.
passage one
questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:
oceanography has been defined as “the application of all sciences to the study of the sea”. before the nineteenth century, scientists with an interest in the sea were few and far between.
certainly newton considered some theoretical aspects of it in his writings, but he was reluctant to go to sea to further his work.
for most people the sea was remote, and with the exception of early intercontinental travellers or others who earned a living from the sea, there was little reason to ask many questions about it , let alone to ask what lay beneath the surface. the first time that the question “what is at the bottom of the oceans?” had to be answered with any commercial consequence was when the laying of a telegraph cable from europe to america was proposed. the engineers had to know the depth profile of the route to estimate the length of cable that had to be manufactured.
it was to maury of the us navy that the atlantic telegraph company turned, in 1853, for information on this matter. in the 1840s, maury had been responsible for encouraging voyages during which soundings were taken to investigate the depths of the north atlantic and pacific oceans. later , some of his findings aroused much popular interest in his book the physical geography of the sea.
the cable was laid, but not until 1866 was the connection made permanent and reliable. at the early attempts, the cable failed and when it was taken out for repairs it was found to be covered in living growths, a fact which defied contemporary scientific opinion that there was no life in the deeper parts of the sea. within a few years oceanography was under way. in 1872 thomson led a scientific expedition , which lasted for four years and brought home thousands of samples from the sea. their classification and analysis occupied scientists for years and led to a five-volume report, the last volume being published in 1895.
21.the proposal to lay a telegraph cable from europe to america made oceanographic studies
take on _____.
a)an academic aspect
b)a military aspect
c)a business aspect
d)an international aspect
22. it was ________ that asked maury for help in oceanographic studies.
a)the american navy
b)some early intercontinental travellers
c)those who earned a living from the sea
d)the company which proposed to lay an undersea cable
23.the aim of the voyages maury was responsible for in the 1840 was _______.
a)to make some sounding experiments in the oceans
b) to collect samples of sea plants and animals
c) to estimate the length of cable that was needed
d) to measure the depths of the two oceans
24. “defied” in the 5th paragraph probably means “________”.
a)doubted
b)gave proof to
c)challenged
d)agreed to
25.this passage is mainly about _______.
a)the beginnings of oceanography
b)the laying of the first undersea cable
c)the investigation of ocean depths
d)the early intercontinental communications
passage two
questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:
normally a student must attend a certain number of courses in order to graduate, and each course which he attends gives him a credit which he may count towards a degree, in many american universities the total work for a degree consists of thirty-six courses each lasting for one semester. a typical course consists of three classes per week for fifteen weeks; while attending a university a student will probably attend four or five courses during each semester. normally a student . would expect to take four years attending two semesters each year. it is possible to spread the period of work for the degree over a longer period. it is also possible for a student to move between one university and another during his degree course, though this is not in fact done as a regular practice.
for very course that the follows a students is given a grade, which is recorded, and the record is available for the student to show to prospective employers. all this imposes a constant pressure and strain of work , but in spite of this some students still find time for great activity in student affairs. elections to positions in student organisations arouse much enthusiasm. the effective work of maintaining discipline is usually performed by students who advise the academic authorities. any student who is thought to have broken the rules, for example, by cheating his to appear before a student court, with the enormous numbers of students, the operation of the system does involve a certain amount of activity. a student who has held one of these positions of authority is much respected and it will be of benefit to him later in his career.
26. normally a student would at least attend ______ classes each week.
a)36
b)12
c)20
d)15
27. according to the first paragraph an american student is allowed ______.
a) to live in a different university
b) to take a particular course in a different university
c) to live a home and drive to classes.
d) to get two degrees from two different universities
28. america university students are usually under pressure of work because ______.
a)their academic performance will affect their future careers
b)they are heavily involved in student affairs
c)they have to observe university discipline
d)they want to run for positions of authority
29. some students are enthusiastic for positions in student organisations probably because ______.
a)they hate the constant pressure and strain of their study
b)they will then be able to stay longer in the university
c)such positions help them get better jobs
d)such positions are usually well paid
30 the student organisations seem to be effective in ________.
a)dealing with the academic affairs of the university
b)ensuring that the students observe university regulations
c)evaluating students' performance by bringing them before a court
d)keeping up the students' enthusiasm for social activities
passage three
questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:
do you find getting up in the morning so difficult that it's painful ? this might be called laziness, but dr. kleitman has a new explanation. he has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle.
during the hours when you labour through your work you may say that you're “hot”. that's true. the time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of bady temperature is at its peak . for some people the peak comes during the forenoon. for others it comes in the afternoon or evening no one has discovered why this is so , but it leads to such familiar monologues as : “get up, john! you'll be late for work again !” the possible explanation to the trouble is that john is at his temperature-and -energy peak in the evening. much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has.
you can't change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it better. habit can help, dr. kleitman believes . maybe you're sleepy in the evening but feel you must stay up late anyway . counteract your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to .if your energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day, rise before your usual hour. this won't change your cycle, but you'll get up steam and work better at your low point.
get off to a slow start which saves your energy. get up with a leisurely yawn and stretch . sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor . avoid the troublesome search for clean clothes by laying them out the night before. whenever possible, do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy or concentration for your sharper hours.
31. if a person finds getting up early a problem , most probably _______.
a)he is a lazy person
b)he refuses to follow his own energy cycle
c)he is not sure when his energy is low
d)he is at his peak in the afternoon or evening
32. which of the following may lead to family quarrels according to the passage?
a) unawareness of energy cycles.
b) familiar monologues.
c) a change in a family member's energy cycle.
d) attempts to control the energy cycle of other family members.
33.if one wants to work more efficiently at his how point in the morning, he should _____.
a)change his energy cycle
b)overcome his laziness
c)get up earlier than usual
d)go to bed earlier
34. you are advised to rise with a yawn and stretch because it will _____.
a)help to keep your energy for the day's work
b)help you to control your temper early in the day
c)enable you to concentrate on your routine work
d)keep your energy cycle under control all day
35. which of the following statements is not true?
a)getting off to work with a minimum effort helps save one's energy.
b)dr. kleitman explains why people reach their peaks at different hours of day.
c)habit helps a person adapt to his own energy cycle.
d)children have energy cycles, too.
passage four
questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:
we find that bright children are rarely held back by mixed-ability teaching. on the contrary, both their knowledge and experience are enriched. we feel that there are many disadvantages in streaming pupils. it does not take into account the fact that children develop at different rates. it can have a bad effect on both the bright and the not-so-bright child. after all, it can be quite discouraging to be at the bottom of the top grade!
besides, it is rather unreal to grade people just according to their intellectual ability. this is only one aspect of their total personality. we are concerned to develop the abilities of all our pupils to the full, not just their academic ability. we also value personal qualities and social skills, and we find that mixed-ability teaching contributes to all these aspects of learning.
in our classrooms, we work in various ways. the pupils often work in groups: this gives them the opportunity to learn to co-operate, to share, and to develop leadership skills. they also learn how to cope with personal problems as well as learning how to think, to make decisions, to analyse and evaluate, and to communicate effectively. the pupils learn from each other as well as from the teacher.
sometimes the pupils work in pairs; sometimes they work on individual tasks and assignments, and they can do this at their own speed. they also have some formal class teaching when this is appropriate. we encourage our pupils to use the library , and we teach them the skills they need in order to do this efficiently . an advanced pupil can do advanced work: it does not matter what age the child is . we expect our pupils to do their best, not their least , and we give them every encouragement to attain this goal.
36. in the passage the author's attitude towards “mixed-ability teaching” is _______.
a)critical
b)questioning
c)approving
d)objective
37. by “held back” (line 1) the author means “____________”.
a)made to remain in the same classes
b)forced to study in the lower classes
c)drawn to their studies
d)prevented from advancing
38. the author argues that a teacher's chief concern should be the development of the student's _______.
a)personal qualities and social skills
b)total personality
c)learning ability and communicative skills
d)intellectual ability
39. which of the following is not mentioned in the third paragraph ?
a)group work gives pupils the opportunity to learn to work together with others.
b)pupils also learn to develop their reasoning abilities.
c)group work provides pupils with the opportunity to learn to be capable organizers.
d)pupils also learn how to participate in teaching activities.
40. the author's purpose in writing this passage is to _________.
a)argue for teaching bright and not-so0bright pupils in the same class
b)recommend pair work and group work for classroom activities
c)offer advice on the proper use of the library
d)emphasize the importance of appropriate formal classroom teaching
part iii vocabulary and structure (20 minutes)
directions: there are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. for each sentence there are four
choices marked a), b), c) and d). choose the one answer that best completes the sentence. then
mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.
41. the bridge was named ______ the hero how gave his life for the cause of the people.
a)after
b)with
c)by
d)from
42.there were no tickets _______ for friday's performance.
a)preferable
b)considerable
c)possible
d)available
43.it wasn't such a good dinner ______ she had promised us.
a)that
b)which
c)as
d)what
44. they decided to chase the cow away ______ it did more damage.
a)unless
b)until
c)before
d)what
45. ________ student with a little common sense should be able to answer the question.
a)each
b)any
c)either
d)one
46.all _______ is a continuous supply of the basic necessities of life.
a)what is needed
b)for our needs
c)the thing needed
d) that is needed
47._______ with the size of the whole earth , the highest mountain does not seem high at all.
a)when compared
b)compare
c)while comparing
d)comparing
48._______ she first heard of the man referred to as a specialist.
a)that was from stephen
b)it was stephen whom
c)while comparing
d)it was stephen that
49.if these shoes are too big , ask the clerk to bring you a smaller _________.
a)suit
b)set
c)one
d)pair
50. many new ______ will be opened up in the future for those with a university education.
a)opportunities
b)necessities
c)realities
d)probabilities
51. he must have had an accident, or he _______ then.
a)would have been here
b)had to be here
c)should be here
d)would be here
52. it was essential that the application forms _______ back before the deadline.
a)must be sent
b)would be sent
c)be sent
d)were sent
53.we _______ our breakfast when an old man came to the door.
a)just have had
b)have just had
c)just had
d)had just had
54.the rain was heavy and _______ the land was flooded.
a)consequently
b)continuously
c)constantly
d)consistently
55.the children went there to watch the iron tower ______.
a)to erect
b)be erected
c)erecting
d)being erected
56.the engine ______ smoke and steam.
a)gives up
b)gives in
c)gives away
d)gives off
57. the manager promised to keep me ______ of how our business was going on .
a)to be informed
b)on informing
c)informed
d)informing
58. don't ________ this news to the public until we give you the go-ahead.
a)release
b)relieve
c)relate
d)retain
59. she never laughed, ______ lose her temper
a)or she ever did
b)nor did she ever
c)or did she ever
d)nor the ever did
60.the goals ________ he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him .
a)after which
b)for which
c)with which
d)at which
61. i should like to rent a house, modern , comfortable and _____ in a quiet neighbourhood.
a)all in all
b)above all
c)after all
d)over all
62. _________ we have finished the course , we shall start doing more revision work.
a)for now
b)now that
c)ever since
d)by now
63.what you have done is ______ the doctor's orders.
a)attached to
b)responsible to
c)resistant to
d)contrary to
64. john regretted _______ to the meeting last week.
a)not going
b)not to go
c)not having been going
d)not to be going
65. they _____ in spite of the extremely difficult conditions.
a)carried out
b)carried of
c)carried on
d)carried forward
66. mrs.brown is supposed ______ for italy last week.
a)to have left
b)to be leaving
c)to leave
d)to have been left
67. my camera can be _____ to take pictures in cloudy or sunny conditions .
a)treated
b)adjusted
c)adopted
d)remedied
68. a new technique ______ , the yields as a whole increased by 20 per cent.
a)working out
b) having worked out
c)having been worked out
d)to have been worked out
69. children who are over-protected by their parents may become_____
a)hurt
b)damaged
c)spoiled
d)harmed
70. when mr. jones gets old, he will______ over his business to his son.
a)take
b)hand
c)think
d)get
part iv cloze (15 minutes)
directions: there are 20 blanks in the following passage. for each blank there are four
choices marked a), b) , c) and d) on the right side of the paper. you should choose the one
that best fits into the passage. then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with
a single line through the centre.
the united states is well-known for its network of major highways designed to help a driver get from one place to another in the shortest possible time. _____ 71 these wide modern roads are generally _____72 sharp curves and many straight _______74, a direct route is not always the most _____75 one. large highways often pass _____76 scenic areas and interesting small towns. furthermore , these highways generally ______77 large urban centres which means that they become crowded with ______78 traffic during rush hours, _______79 the “fast direct” vay becomes a very slow route.
however, there is _______80 always another route to take ______ 81 you are not in a hurry. not far from the ______82 new “superhighways”, there are often older, ______83 heavily travelled roads which go through the countryside.______84 of these are good two-lane roads; others are uneven roads______85 through the country. these secondary routes may go up steep slopes, along high ______86 ,or down frightening hillsides to towns ________87 in deep valleys . through these less direct routes, longer and slower, they generally go to places _______88 the air is clean and the scenery is beautiful , and the driver may have a _______89 to get a fresh , clean ______90 of the world.
71.
a)although
b)since
c)because
d)therefore
72.
a)stable
b)smooth
c)splendid
d)complicated
73.
a)little
b)few
c)much
d)many
74.
a)selections
b)separations
c)series
d)sections
75.
a)terrible
b)possible
c)enjoyable
d)profitable
76.
a)to
b)into
c)over
d)by
77.
a)lead
b)connect
c)collect
d)communicate
78.
a)large
b)fast
c)light
d)heavy
79.
a)when
b)for
c)but
d)that
80.
a)yet
b)still
c)almost
d)quite
81.
a)unless
b)if
c)as
d)since
82.
a)relatively
b)regularly
c)respectively
d)reasonably
83.
a)and
b)less
c)more
d)or
84.
a)all
b)several
c)lots
d)some
85.
a)driving
b)crossing
c)curving
d)travelling
86.
a)rocks
b)cliffs
c)roads
d)paths
87.
a)lying
b)laying
c)laid
d)lied
88.
a)there
b)when
c)which
d)where
89.
a)space
b)period
c)chance
d)spot
90.
a)view
b)variety
c)visit
d) virtue
part i listening comprehension (20 minutes略)
part ii reading comprehension (35 minutes)
directions: there are 4 reading passage in this part. each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. for each of them there are four choices marked a),b),c) and d). you should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.
passage one
questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:
there is a popular belief among parents that schools are no longer interested in spelling. no school i have taught in has ever ignored spelling or considered it unimportant as a basic skill there are , however, vastly different deas about how to teach it , or how much priority it must be given over general language development and writing without holding him back with the complexities of spelling?
if spelling becomes the only focal point of his teacher's interest, clearly a bright child will be likely to “play safe”. he will tend to write only words within his spelling range , choosing to avoid adventurous language. that's why teachers often encourage the early use of dictionaries and pay attention to content rather than technical ability.
i was once shocked to read on the bottom of a sensitive piece of writing about a personal experience: “this work is terrible! there are far too many spelling errors and your writing is illegible .” it may have been a sharp criticism of the pupil's technical abilities in writing, but it was also a sad reflection on the teacher who had omitted to read the essay , which contained some beautiful expressions of the child's deep feelings. the teacher was not wrong to draw attention to the errors , but if his priorities had centred on the child's ideas, an expression of his disappointment with the presentation would have given the pupil more motivation to seek improvement.
21.teachers differ in their opinions about ________.
a)the difficulties in teaching spelling
b)the role of spelling in general language development
c)the complexities of the basic writing skills
d)the necessity of teaching spelling
22.the expression “play safe” probably means “_______”.
a)to write carefully
b)to do as teachers say
c)to use dictionaries frequently
d)to avoid using words one is not sure of
23.teachers encourage the use of dictionaries so that ______.
a)students will be able to express their ideas more freely
b)teachers will have less trouble in correcting mistakes
c)students will have more confidence in writing
d)students will learn to be independent of teachers
24. the writer seems to think that the teacher's judgement on that sensitive piece of writing is ______.
a)reasonable
b)unfair
c)foolish
d)careless
25.the major point discussed in the passage is ________
a)the importance of developing writhing skills
b)the complexities of spelling
c)the correct way of marking compositions
d)the relationship between spelling and the content of a composition
passage two
questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:
a breakthrough in the provision of energy from he sun for the european economic community (eec) could be brought forward by up the two decades, if a modest increase could be provided in the eec's research effort in this field, according to the senior eec scientists engaged in experiments in solar energy a eec's scientific laboratories at ispra, near milan.
the senior west german scientist in charge of the community's solar energy programme , mr. joachim gretz, told journalists that at present levels of research spending it was most unlikely that solar energy would provide as much as three per cent of the community's energy requirements even after the year . but he said that with a modest increase in the present sums, devoted by the eec to this work it was possible that the breakthrough could be achieved by the end of the next decade.
mr. gratz calculates that if solar energy only provided three per cent of the eec's needs, this could still produce a saving of about a billion pounds in the present bill for imported energy each year. and he believes that with the possibility of utilizing more advanced technology in this field it might be possible to satisfy a much bigger share of the community's future energy needs.
at present the eec spends about $2.6 millions a year on solar research at ispra, one of the eec's official joint research centres, and another $3 millions a year in indirect research with universities and other independent bodies.
26. the phrase “be brought forward” (lie 2, para. 1)most probably means “______”
a)be expected
b)be completed
c)be advanced
d)be introduced
27.some scientists believe that a breakthrough in the use of solar energy depends on _____.
a)sufficient funding
b)further experiments
c) advanced technology
d)well-equipped laboratories
28. according to mr. gretz, the present sum of money will enable the scientists to provide ______.
a)more than 3% of the eec's needs after the year 2000
b)only 3% of the eec's needs before the year 2000
c) lees than 3% of the eec's needs before the year 2000
d)3% of the eec's needs after the year 2000
29. which of the following is not true according to the passage?
a)the eec spends one billion pounds on imported energy each year.
b)at the present level of research spending, it is difficult to make any significant
progress in the provision of energy from the sun.
c) lees than 3% of the eec's needs before the year 2000.
d)3% of the eec's needs after the year2000.
30. the application of advanced technology to research in solar energy ______.
a)would lead to a big increase in research funding
b)would make it unnecessary to import oil
c)would make it possible to meet the future energy needs of the eec
d)would provide a much greater proportion of the community's future energy needs
passage three
questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:
just seven years age, the jarvik-7 artificial heart was being cheered as the model of human creativeness. the sight of barney clark-alive and conscious after trading his diseased heart for a metal -and -plastic pump -convinced the press, the public and many doctors that the future had arrived. it hadn't .after monitoring production of the jarvik-7 , and reviewing its effects on the 150 or so patients (most of whom got the device as a temporary measure) the u.s. food and drug administration concluded that the machine was doing more to endanger lives than to save them. last week the agency cancelled its earlier approval, effectively banning the device.
the recall may hurt symbion inc., maker of the jarvik-7, but it won't end the request for an artificial heart. one problem with the banned model is that the tubes connecting it to an external power source created a passage for infection . inventors are now working on new devices that would be fully placed, along with a tiny power pack, in the patient's chest. the first sample products aren't expected for another 10 or 20 years. but some people are already worrying that they'll work -and that america's overextended health-care programs will lose a precious $2.5 billion to $5 billion a year providing them for a relatively few dying patients. if such expenditures cut into funding for more basic care, the net effect could actually be a decline in the nation's health.
31. according to the passage the jarvik-7 artificial heart proved to be _______.
a)a technical failure
b)a technical wonder
c)a good life-saver
d)an effective means to treat heart disease
32.from the passage we know that symbion inc. _____.
a)has been banned by the government from producing artificial hearts
b)will review the effects of artificial hearts before designing new models
c)may continue to work on new models of reliable artificial hearts
d)can make new models of artificial hearts available on the market in 10 to 20 years
33.the new models of artificial hearts are expected ______.
a) to have a working life of 10 or 20 years
b) to be set fully in the patient's chest
c) to be equipped with an external power source
d) to create a new passage for infection
34.the word “them” in line 7, para. 2 refers to _______.
a)doctors who treat heart diseases
b)makers of artificial hearts
c)america's health - care programs
d)new models of artificial hearts
35.some people feel that _______.
a)artificial hearts are seldom effective
b)the country should not spend so much money on artificial hearts
c)the country is not spending enough money on artificial hearts
d)america's health-care programs are not doing enough for the nation's health
passage four
questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:
a rapid means of long-distance transportation became a necessity for the united states as settlement spread ever farther westward. the early trains were impractical curiosities, and for a long time the railroad companies met with troublesome mechanical problems. the most serious ones were the construction of rails able to bear the load, and the development of a safe, effective stopping system. once these were solved, the railroad was established as the best means of land transportation. by 1860 there were thousands of miles of railroads crossing the eastern mountain ranges and reaching westward to the mississippi. there were also regional southern and western lines.
the high point in railroad building came with the construction of the first transcontinental system. in 1862 congress authorized two western railroad companies to build lines from nebraska westward and from california eastward to a meeting point, so as to complete a transcontinental crossing linking the atlantic seaboard with the pacific. the government helped the railroads generously with money and land. actual work on this project began four years later. the central pacific company , starting from california, used chinese labor, while the union pacific employed crews of irish laborers .the two groups worked at remarkable speed, each trying to cover a greater
distance than the other. in 1869 they met at a place called promontory in what is now the state of utah , many visitors came there for the great occasion. there were joyous celebrations all over the country , with parades and the ringing of church bells to honor the great achievement.
the railroad was very important in encouraging westward movement. it also helped build up industry and farming by moving raw materials and by distributing products rapidly to distant markets. in linking towns and people to one another it helped unify the united states.
36.the major problems with america's railroad system in the mid 19th century lay in ______.
a)poor quality rails and unreliable stopping systems
b)lack of financial support for development
c)limited railroad lines
d)lack of a transcontinental railroad
37. the building of the first transcontinental system _________.
a)brought about a rapid growth of industry and farming in the west
b)attracted many visitors to the construction sites
c)attracted laborers from europe
d)encouraged people to travel all over the country
38. the best title for this passage would be _______.
a)settlements spread westward
b)the coast-to -coast railroad: a vital link
c)american railroad history
d)the importance of trains in the american economy
39.the construction of the transcontinental railroad took ______.
a)9 years
b)7 years
c)4 years
d)3 years
40 . what most likely made people think about a transcontinental railroad?
a) the possibility of government support for such a task.
b) the need to explore utah.
c) the need to connect the east coast with the west.
d)the need to develop the railroad industry in the west.
part iii vocabulary and structure (20 minutes)
directions: there are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. for each sentence there are four
choices marked a), b), c) and d). choose the one answer that best completes the sentence. then
mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.
41.we had a party last month, and it was a lot of fun , so let's have _____ one this month .
a)another
b)more
c)the other
d)other
42.it was difficult to guess what her ______ to the news would be.
a)impression
b)reaction
c)comment
d)opinion
43. i decided to go to the library as soon as i ______.
a)finish what i did
b)finished what i was doing
c)would finish what i was doing
d)finished what i was doing
44. there were some ______ flowers on the table
a)artificial
b)unnatural
c)false
d)unreal
45. we are interested in the weather because it ______us to directly - what the wear, what we wear,
what we do ,and even how we feel .
a)benefits
b)affects
c)guides
d)effects
46. will all those _______ the proposal raise their hands?
a)in relation to
b)in contrast to
c)in excess of
d)in favor of
47.chlidren are very curious ______.
a)at heart
b) in person
c)on purpose
d)by nature
48.the match was cancelled because most of the members _____ a match without a standard court.
a) objected to having
b) were objected to have
c)objected to have
d)were objected to having
49. the teacher doesn't permit _______ in class
a)smoke
b)to smoke
c)smoking
d)to have a smoke
50, i like watching tv______ to the cinema.
a)more than to go
b)than going
c)more than going
d)rather than to go
51. i appreciate _______ to your home.
a)to be invited
b)to have invited
c)having invited
d)being invited
52. i hope my teacher will take my recent illness into _______ when judging my examination.
a)regard
b)counting
c)account
d)observation
53.you ______ all those calculations ! we have a computer to do that sort of thing.
a)needn't have done
b)must not have done
c)shouldn't have done
d)can not have done
54. important people don't often have much free time as their work ________ all their time.
a)takes away
b)takes over
c)takes up
d) takes in
55. when i was very young, i was terribly frightened of school, but i soon ______ it.
a)got off
b)got across
c)got away
d)got over
56. many people complain of the rapid _______ of modern life.
a)rate
b)speed
c)pace
d)growth
57. san francisco is usually cool in the summer, but los angeles ______.
a)is rarely
b)rarely is
c)hardly is
d)is scarcely
58. the speaker, ______ for her splendid speeches, was warmly received by the audience.
a)having known
b)being known
c)knowing
d)known
59.american women were _____ the right to vote until 1920 after many years of hard struggle.
a)ignored
b)neglected
c)refused
d)denied
60. i couldn't find ______ , and so i took this one.
a) a large enough coat
b) an enough large coat
c)a large coat enough
d)a coat enough large
61. i always _____ what i have said.
a)get to
b)hold to
c)lead to
d)see to
62. no sooner had we reached the top of the hill ______ we all sat down to rest.
a)when
b)then
c)than
d)until
63.evidence came up _____ specific speech sounds are recognized by babies as young as 6 months old.
a)what
b)which
c)that
d)whose
64.he moved away from his parents, and missed them _____ enjoy the exciting life in new york.
a)too much to
b)enough to
c)very much to
d)much so as so
65.he was ______ of having asked such a silly question.
a)sorry .
b)guilty
c)ashamed
d)miserable
66.the last time we had a family reunion was ______ my brother's wedding ceremony four years ago.
a)in
b)at
c)during
d)over
67.what _____ would happen if the director knew you felt that way?
a) do you suppose
b) you suppose
c)will you suppose
d)you would suppose
68.________ the advances of science , the discomforts of old age will no doubt always be with us.
a) as for
b)besides
c)except
d)despite
69.how close parents are to their children ______a strong influence on the character of the children.
a)have
b)has
c)having
d)to have
70.he ______ when the bus came to a sudden stop.
a)was almost hurt
b)was hurt himself
c)was to hurt himself
d)was hurting himself
part iv cloze (15 minutes)
directions: there are 20 blanks in the following passage . for each bland there are four choices marked a), b), c) and d) on the right side of the paper. you should choose the one that best fits into the passage. then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.
geography is the study of the relationship between people and the land. geographers compare and contrast _____ 71 places on the earth . but they also ______ 72 beyond the individual places and consider the earth as a ______73 . the word geography _____74 from two greek words , ge, the greek word for “earth” and graphein, _____75 means “ to write.” the english word geography means “to describe the earth .” ______76 geography books focus on a small area _______77 a town or city. others deal with a state, a region, a nation, or an _____78 continent. many geography books deal with the whole earth . another ______79 to divide the study of ______80 is to distinguish between physical geography and cultural geography. the former focuses on the natural world ; the _______81 starts with human beings and______82 how human beings and their environment act ______83 each other. but when geography is considered as a single subject, ______84 branch can neglect the other. a geographer might be described ______85 one who observes, records, and explains the _____86 between places. if all places _______87 alike, there would be little need for geographers. we know , however, _______88 no two places are exactly the same. geography, _______89, is a point of view, a special way of ______90 at places.
71.
a)similar
b)various
c)distant
d)famous
72.
a)pass
b)go
c)reach
d)set
73.
a)whole
b)unit
c)part
d)total
74.
a)falls
b)removes
c)results
d)comes
75.
a)what
b)that
c)which
d)it
76.
a)some
b)many
c)most
d)few
77.
a)outside
b)except
c)as
d)like
78.
a)extensive
b)entire
c)overall
d)enormous
79.
a)way
b)means
c)habit
d)technique
80.
a)world
b)earth
c)geography
d)globe
81.
a)second
b)later
c)next
d)latter
82.
a)learns
b)studies
c) realises
d)understands
83.
a)upon
b)for
c)as
d)to
84.
a)neither
b)either
c)one
d)each
85.
a)for
b)to
c)as
d)by
86.
a)exceptions
b)sameness
c)differences
d)divisions
87.
a)being
b)are
c)be
d)were
88.
a)although
b)whether
c)since
d)since
89.
a)still
b)then
c)nevertheless
d)moreover
90.
a)working
b)looking
c)arriving
d)getting
Passage Two
Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.
There are people in Italy who can't stand soccer. Not all Canadians love hockey. A similar situation exists in America, where there are those individuals you may be one of them who yawn or even frown when somebody mentions baseball. Baseball to them means boring hours watching grown men in funny tight outfits standing around in a field staring away while very little of anything happens. They tell you it's a game better suited to the 19th century, slow, quiet, and gentlemanly. These are the same people you may be one of them who love football because there's the sport that glorifies “the hit”.
By contrast, baseball seems abstract, cool, silent, still.
On TV the game is fractured into a dozen perspectives, replays, close-ups. The geometry of the game, however, is essential to understanding it. You will contemplate the game from one point as a painter does his subject; you may, of course, project yourself into the game. It is in this projection that the game affords so much space and time for involvement. The TV won't do it for you.
Take, for example, the third baseman. You sit behind the third base dugout and you watch him watching home plate. His legs are apart, knees flexed. His arms hang loose. He does a lot of this. The skeptic still cannot think of any other sports so still, so passive. But watch what happens every time the pitcher throws: the third baseman goes up on his toes, flexes his arms or brings the glove to a point in front of him, takes a step right or left, backward or forward, perhaps he glances across the field to check his first baseman's position. Suppose the pitch is a ball. “Nothing happened,” you say. “I could have had my eyes closed.”
The skeptic and the innocent must play the game. And this involvement in the stands is no more intellectual than listening to music is. Watch the third baseman. Smooth the dirt in front of you with one foot; smooth the pocket in your glove; watch the eyes of the batter, the speed of the bat, the sound of horsehide on wood. If football is a symphony of movement and theatre, baseball is chamber music, a spacious interlocking of notes, chorus and responses.
62.The passage is mainly concerned with .
[A]the different tastes of people for sports
[B]the different characteristics of sports
[C]the attraction of football
[D]the attraction of baseball
63.Those who don't like baseball may complain that .
[A]it is only to the taste of the old
[B]it involves fewer players than football
[C]it is not exciting enough
[D]it is pretentious and looks funny
64.The author admits that .
[A]baseball is too peaceful for the young
[B]baseball may seem boring when watched on TV
[C]football is more attracting than baseball
[D]baseball is more interesting than football
65.By stating “I could have had my eyes closed.” the author means (4th paragraph last sentence) .
[A]the third baseman would rather sleep than play the game
[B]even if the third baseman closed his eyes a moment ago, it could make no difference to the result
[C]the third baseman is so good at baseball that he could finish the game with eyes closed all the time and do his work well
[D]the consequence was so bad that he could not bear to see it
66.We can safely conclude that the author .
[A]likes football[B]hates football
[C]hates baseball[D]likes baseballPart ⅤCloze (15 minutes)
Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C]and [D]on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Who won the World Cup 1994 football game? What happened at the United Nations? How did the critics like the new play? 67 an event takes place, newspapers are on the streets 68 the details. Wherever anything happens in the world, reports are on the spot to 69 the news. Newspapers have one basic 70 , to get the news as quickly as possible from its source, from those who make it to those who want to 71 it. Radio, telegraph, television, and 72 inventions brought competition for newspapers. So did the development of magazines and other means of communication. 73 , this competition merely spurred the newspapers on. They quickly made use of the newer and faster means of communication to improve the 74 and thus the efficiency of their own operations. Today more newspapers are 75 and read than ever before. Competition also led newspapers to branch out to many other fields. Besides keeping readers 76 of the latest news, today's newspapers 77 and influence readers about politics and other important and serious matters. Newspapers influence readers' economic choices 78 advertising. Most newspapers depend on advertising for their very 79 .News-papers are sold at a price that 80 even a small fraction of the cost of production. The main 81 of income for most newspapers is commercial advertising. The 82 in selling advertising depends on a newspaper's value to advertisers. This 83 in terms of circulation. How many people read the newspaper? Circulation depends 84 on the work of the circulation department and on the services or entertainment 85 in a newspaper's pages. But for the most part, circulation depends on a newspaper's value to readers as a source of information 86 the community, city, country, state, nation, and world-and even outer space.
67.[A]Just when[B]While
[C]Soon after[D]Before
68.[A]to give[B]giving
[C]given[D]being given
69.[A]gather[B]spread
[C]carry[D]bring
70.[A]reason[B]cause
[C]problem[D]purpose
71.[A]make[B]publish
[C]know[D]write
72.[A]another[B]other
[C]one another[D]the other
73.[A]However[B]And
[C]Therefore[D]So
74.[A]value[B]ratio
[C]rate[D]speed
75.[A]spread[B]passed
[C]printed[D]completed
76.[A]inform[B]be informed
[C]to informed[D]informed
77.[A]entertain[B]encourage
[C]educate[D]edit
78.[A]on[B]through
[C]with[D]of
79.[A]forms[B]existence
[C]contents[D]purpose
80.[A]tries to cover[B]manages to cover
[C]fails to cover[D]succeeds in
81.[A]source [B]origin
[C]course[D]finance
82.[A]way[B]means
[C]chance [D]success
83.[A]measures[B]measured
[C]is measured[D]was measured
84.[A]somewhat [B]little
[C]much[D]something
85.[A]offering[B]offered
[C]which offered[D]to be offered
86.[A]by [B]with
[C]at[D]about
Part Ⅵ Translation(5 minutes)
Direction: Complete the sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.
87.There's a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means(想找麻烦).
88.Why didn't you tell me you could lend me the money? I (本来不必从银行借钱的).
89. (正是由于她太没有经验) that she does not know how to deal with the situation.
90.I (将做实验) from three to five this afternoon.
91.If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be necessary to (诉诸武力).
Part I Writing
【写作思路】
本文是一篇关于择业的议论文。短文需要说明慎重择业相当重要，并提出多种指导择业的方法。
【参考范文】
Choosing an Occupation
One of the most important problems a young person faces is deciding what to do. There are some people, of course, who from the time are six years old “know” that they want to be doctors or pilots or fire fighters, but the majority of us do not get around to making a decision about an occupation or career until somebody or something forces us to face the problem.
Choosing an occupation takes time, and there are a lot of things you have to think about as you try to decide what you would like to do. You may find that you will have to take special courses to qualify for a particular kind of work, or you may find out that you will need to get actual work experience to gain enough knowledge to qualify for a particular job.
Fortunately, there are a lot of people you can turn to for advice and help in making your decision. At most schools, there are teachers who are professionally qualified to give you detailed information about job qualifications. And you can talk over your ideas with family members and friends who are always ready to listen and to offer suggestions.
Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)(15 minutes)
So long as teachers fail to distinguish between teaching and learning, they will continue to undertake to do for which only children can do for themselves. Teaching children to read is not passing reading on to them. It is certainly not endless hours spent in activities about reading. Douglas insists that“reading cannot be taught directly and schools should stop trying to do the impossible.”
Teaching and learning are two entirely different processes. They differ in kind and function. The function of teaching is to create the conditions and the climate that will make it possible for children to devise the most efficient system for teaching themselves to read. Teaching is also public activity: It can be seen and observed.
Learning to read involves all that each individual does not make sense of the world of printed language. Almost all of it is private, for learning is an occupation of the mind, and that process is not open to public scrutiny. If teacher and learner roles are not interchangeable, what then can be done through teaching that will aid the child in knowledge. Smith has one principal rule for all teaching instructions. “Make learning to read easily, which means making reading a meaningful, enjoyable and frequent experience for children.”
When the roles of teacher and learner are seen for what they are, and when both teacher and learner fulfill them appropriately, then much of the pressure and feeling of failure for both is eliminated. Learning to read is made easier when teachers create an environment where children are given the opportunity to solve the problem of learning to read by reading.
1. The problem with the reading course as mentioned in the first paragraph is that____.
A) it is one of the most difficult school courses
B) students spend endless hours in reading
C) reading tasks are assigned with little guidance
D) too much time is spent in teaching of reading
2. The teaching of reading will be successful if ____.
A) teachers can improve conditions at school for the students
B) teachers can enable students to develop their own way of reading
C) teachers can devise the most efficient system for reading
D) teachers can make their teaching activities observably
3. The word “scrutiny”(Para.3) most probably means____.
A) inquiry B) observation C) control D) suspicion
4. According to the passage, learning to read will no longer be a difficult task when ____.
A) children become highly motivated
B) teacher and learner roles are interchangeable
C) teaching helps children in the search for knowledge
D) reading enriches children’s experience
5. The main idea of the passage is that ____.
A) teachers should do as little as possible in helping students learn to read
B) teachers should encourage students to read as widely as possible
C) reading ability is something acquired rather than taught
D) reading is more complicated than generally believed
文章大意：
本文介绍了孩子如何学会阅读。虽然老师花了大量的时间教学生阅读，但显然这是徒劳无益的，因为阅读只有通过为学生创造合适的条件，让他们自己养成有效的阅读习惯，并通过阅读本身来解决有效阅读这一问题。
答案和解析：
1. D 细节题。通过题干回到第二段找相对应的地方可以得知答案。根据短文得知，第一段里提到的阅读课存在的问题是教学生阅读花的时间太多。见文章第一段里的第2-4句：Teaching children to read is not passing reading on to them. It is certainly not endless hours spent in activities about reading. Douglas insists that “reading cannot be taught directly and schools should stop trying to do the impossible.” 根据endless hours spent in activities about reading可以判断，“大量的时间花在阅读这一活动上”，再结合Teaching children to read，可以看出阅读活动是指“教小孩阅读”而不是“小孩自己阅读”，所以答案为D。
2. B 细节题。通过题干回到文章里找相对应的地方可以得知答案。根据短文得知，如果老师能够让学生培养起自己的阅读方法，那么阅读教学就成功了。见文章第二段里的第三句： The function of teaching is to create the conditions and the climate that will make it possible for children to devise the most efficient system for teaching themselves to read. 根据该句子的意思，“教阅读是否成功”在于for children to devise the most efficient system for teaching themselves to read，所以答案为B。
3. B 词义题。通过上下文可以得知答案。根据短文得知，scrutiny的意思是observation。见文章第二段里的Teaching is also public activity: It can be seen and observed.与teaching 相对应的是learning to read, 而Almost all of it(learning to read)is private, for learning is an occupation of the mind, and that processis not open to public scrutiny.因而teaching: public, can be seen/observed,那么learning to read 则是private, not open to public scrutiny, scrutiny一定与seen/observed近义，所以答案为B。
4. A 细节题。通过题干回到文章里找相对应的地方可以得知答案。根据短文得知，当学生有强烈的学习动机时，学会阅读就不再是一件难事。见文章最后一句Learning to read is made easier when teachers create an environment where children are given the opportunity to solve the problem of learning to read by reading。句中的when隐含条件，在when条件中，关键是孩子有机会“通过阅读来解决学会阅读这一问题(to solve the problem of learning to read by reading)，所以答案为A。
5. C 主旨大意题。通过文章的主题句可以得知答案。根据短文得知，阅读能力是后天习得，而不是老师教会的。见文章的主题句，即para.1第一句：So long as teachers fail to distinguish between teaching and learning, they will continue to undertake to do for children that which only children can do for themselves.根据句子的意思，老师教孩子阅读，而这种做法只不过是“为孩子们做了只有他们自己才能做的事(do that which only children can do for themselves)”，所以答案为C。
答案与解析：
1.B。?财政部长强调，促进国民经济的关键不是产量，而是产品的质量。短语辨析题，要求后面考生能辨析...than的差别，并能正确使用。other than 表示“不同于”，“除了”;more than 是“大于”，“多于”，而better than 常指“比……更好”，“胜于”;只有rather than指“不是……(而是……)”，符合本题语境。?
2.C。?如果人们不必为自己酒后的行为承担责任，那么我们还是原谅那些酒后驾车的司机为好。本题是考察几个与情态动词相关的习惯用语的使用。might/may as well 是比较常用但许多考生并不明确的习惯表达，表示have no better reason not to...(没理由不……还是……为好);没有may well as 这种说法，另外两个短语大多数考生比较熟悉：had better ――最好;would rather――宁可……也不，宁愿。?
3.A。? 要不是大夫赶来，他可能已经死了。本题测试重点是虚拟语气的使用。but for的意思是if not(要是没有，要不是)，要求后面跟虚拟语气的谓语。其他三个选项从意思上均说不通。?
4.D。? 这些地区矿产资源贫乏，工业发展滞后，几乎完全依赖农业，本题测试副词的用法。四个选项分别为respectively(分别地，各个地);undoubtedly(毋庸质疑地，的确地);incredibly(难以置信地);exclusively(排外地，专有地)。根据句意只能选D。?
5.B。?很奇怪，艾米长得特别像她姑妈。本题测试take的短语动词的使用。各选项的意思分别为：take down――拿下，记下，拆卸，病倒;take after――长得相似;take to――从事，喜欢，养成……习惯;take on――聘用，承担(工作，责任等)。显然本题正确答案是B。与take 相关的短语动词有许多，请考生多加注意。?
6.D。?实验接近尾声，即将获得最后的成功。每个人都明白谁都承担不起因一个小差错而毁掉全局的后果。词语辨析题，主要明确 can’t afford 的含义及用法。can’t afford 表示“承担不起……的责任/后果”;inflict 后常接on/upon，表示“使……受(痛苦)，给……以(打击/惩罚)”;endure也常与cannot等否定词连用，表示“不能容忍/忍受”;而 stand 表示“容忍”之意时与endure用法相同。?
7.D。? 老板强调指出，要做一名合格的服务员必须使自己的服务让顾客满意。本题考察介词的使用。do sth. to the satisfaction of sb. 的意思是“把某事做得使某人满意”，其他三个选项均不合题意。?
8.C。? 在经过多年的努力工作之后，我才意识到金钱本身并不能带来幸福和成功。?
本题考察考生对虚拟语气和倒装句的正确使用。only after 表示“在……之后”，要求后面跟虚拟语气，同时，如果把only after置于句首则要求用倒装语序，综合考虑只有C答案正确。?
9.D。?工厂引入自动控制之后，所有由手工进行的工作都将让位于装配线。本题是短语辨析题，主要考察考生对give way to 与take the place of 等短语/词汇的区别。give way to (让位于)既包含着take the place of / replace的意思，又不仅仅是take the place of / replace 的意思，它强调了被比较对象的关系，如 A gives way to B 表示“B 取代了A，A 因退步/落后等原因让位于B”。所以本题答案是D。?
10.A。? 游客们正要欣赏壮观的海啸，突然一阵浓雾出现了，整个景色变得一片模糊。词语辨析题，要求考生能够辨析blur等词语，并学会正确使用。blur―把视线、界限等弄得模糊不清;belittle―轻视，使……显得渺小;ban―禁止，取缔;collapse―倒塌，失败，崩溃。
11.D
associate vi.交往n.伙伴，同事 D
associate oneself with 加入
associate sth.with 把(某事物与其他事物)联系在一起
associate with 和……来往
人们总是把健康的生活与开阔的乡村和自家种的食物联系在一起。
12.D
available a.可利用的;通用的
经过加工随时可供烹调的方便食品在食杂店可以买到。
13.B
awkward a.笨拙的;尴尬的
当这个害羞的女孩回答不上来老师的提问时，她感到很窘迫和难受.
14.C
只有少数几个人有机会了解事件的全部真相。
access n.通道，入口;接近，进入;接近的机会 vt.存取(计算机文件)
注意与之搭配的介词必须是to, 如：have free access to the library 自由进入图书馆;注意相近词的区别：access, assess(评价，评估)和excess(超过，过度)。
15.D
没有确凿的证据表明人们可以控制他们的梦境，至少在实验室的实验条件下是这样的。
solid adj.结实的;实心的;固体的;可靠的;纯质的;连续的 n.固体
solid foundation 稳固的基础;a solid mass of matter 一连串众多的时间?
Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)?
Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.?
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:?
American Indians played a central role in the war known as the American Revolution. To them, however, the dispute between the colonists and England was peripheral. For American Indians the conflict was a war for American Indian independence, and whichever side they chose, they lost it. Mary Brant was a powerful influence among the Iroquois. She was a Mohawk, the leader of the society of all Iroquois matrons, and the widow of Sir William Johnson, Superintendent of Indian Affairs. Her brother, Joseph Brant, is the best?known American Indian warrior of the Revolution, yet she may have exerted even more influence in the confederacy than he did. She used her influence to keep the western tribes of Iroquois loyal to the English king, George Ⅲ. When the colonists won the war, she and her tribe had to abandon their lands and retreat to Canada. On the other side, Nancy Ward held positions of authority in the Cherokee nation. She had fought as a warrior in the war against the Creeks and as a reward for her heroism was made “Beloved Woman” of the tribe. This office made her chief of the women’s council and a member of the council of chiefs. She was friendly with the white settlers and supported the Patriots during the Revolution. Yet the Cherokees too lost their land.
?21.What is the main point the author makes in the passage?
?A.Siding with the English in the Revolution helped American Indians regain their land.
?B.At the time of the Revolution the Superintendent of Indian Affairs had little power.
?C.Regardless of whom they supported in the Revolution, American Indians lost their land.
?D.The outcome of the Revolution was largely determined by American Indian women.
?22.The word “it” in line 5 refers to ____.
?A.side B.revolution
?C.dispute D.independence
?23.How did Ward gain her position of authority?
?A.By bravery in battle.
B.By marriage to a chief.
?C.By joining the confederacy.
D.By being born into a powerful family.
?24.To which tribe did Nancy Ward belong?
?A.Mohawk. B.Iroquois. C.Cherokee. D.Creek.
?25.According to the passage, what did Mary Brant and Nancy Ward had in common?
?A.Each was called “Beloved Woman” by her tribe.
?B.Each influenced her tribe’s role in the American Revolution.
?C.Each lost a brother in the American Revolution.
?D.Each went to England after the American Revolution.
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.?
Born in 1830 in rural Amherst, Massachusetts, Emily Dickinson spent her entire life in the household of her parents. Between 1858 and 1862, it was later discovered, she wrote like a person possessed, often producing a poem a day. It was also during this period that her life was transformed into the myth of Amherst. Withdrawing more and more, keeping to her room, sometimes even refusing to see visitors who called, she began to dress only in white―a habit that added to her reputation as an eccentric.
?In their determination to read Dickinson’s life in terms of a traditional romantic plot, biographers have missed the unique pattern of her life―her struggle to create a female life not yet imagined by the culture in which she lived. Dickinson was not the innocent, lovelorn and emotionally fragile girl sentimentalized by the Dickinson myth and popularized by William Luce’s 1976 play, the Belle of Amherst. Her decision to shut the door on Amherst society in the 1850’s transformed her house into a kind of magical realm in which she was free to engage her poetic genius. Her seclusion was not the result of a failed love affair, but rather a part of a more general pattern of renunciation through which she, in her quest for self?sovereignty, carried on an argument with the puritan fathers, attacking with wit and irony their cheerless Calvinist doctrine, their stern patriarchal God, and their rigid notions of “true womanhood”.
?26.What’s the author’s main purpose in the passage?
?A.To interpret Emily Dickinson’s eccentric behavior.
?B.To promote the popular myth of Emily Dickinson.
?C.To discuss Emily Dickinson’s failed love affair.
?D.To describe the religious climate in Emily Dickinson’s time.
?27.Which of the following is not mentioned as being one of Emily Dickinson’s eccentricities?
?A.Refusing to eat. B.Wearing only white.
?C.Avoiding visitors. D.Staying in her room.
?28.According to the passage, biographers of Emily Dickinson have traditionally ____.
?A.criticized most of her poems
?B.ignored her innocence and emotional fragility
?C.seen her life in romantic terms
?D.blaming her parents for restricting her activities
?29.The author implies that many people attribute Emily Dickinson’s seclusion to ____.
?A.physical illness B.a failed love affair
?C.religious fervor D.her dislike of people
?30.It can be inferred from the passage that Emily Dickinson lived in a society that was characterized by ____.
?A.strong Puritan beliefs
?B.equality of men and women
?C.the encouragement of nonconformity
?D.the appreciation of poetic creativity
Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.?
The railroad industry could not have grown as large as it did without steel. The first rails were made of iron. But iron rails were not strong enough to support heavy trains running at high speeds. Railroad executives wanted to replace them with steel rails because steel was ten or fifteen times stronger and lasted twenty times longer. Before the 1870’s, however, steel was too expensive to be widely used. It was made by a slow and expensive process of heating, stirring and reheating iron ore.
?Then the inventor Henry Bessemer discovered that directing a blast of air at melted iron in a furnace would burn out the impurities that made the iron brittle. As the air shot through the furnace, the bubbling metal would erupt in showers of sparks. When the fire cooled, the metal had been changed, or converted to steel. The Bessemer converter made possible the mass production of steel. Now three to five tons of iron could be changed into steel in a matter of minutes.
Just when the demand for more and more steel developed, prospectors discovered huge new deposits of iron ore in the Mesabi Range, a 120?long region in Minnesota near Lake Superior. The Mesabi deposits were so near the surface that they could be mined with steam shovels.
?Barges and steamers carried the iron ore through Lake Superior to depots on the southern shores of Lake Michigan and Lake Erie. With dizzying speed Gary, Indiana, and Toledo, Youngstown, and Cleveland, Ohio, became major steel?manufacturing centers. Pittsburgh was the greatest steel city of all.
?Steel was the basic building material of the industrial age. Production skyrocketed from seventy?seven thousand tons in 1870 to over eleven million tons in 1900.
31.According to the passage, the railroad industry preferred steel to iron because steel was ____.
?A.cheaper and more plentiful
?B.lighter and easier to mold
?C.cleaner and easier to mine
?D.stronger and more durable
?32.According to the passage, how did Bessemer method make the mass production of steel possible?
?A.It directed air at melted iron in a furnace, removing all impurities.
?B.It slowly heated iron ore then stirred it and heated it again.
?C.It changed iron ore into iron which was a substitute for steel.
?D.It could quickly find deposits of iron ore under the ground.
?33.According to the passage, where were large deposits of iron uncovered?
?A.In Pittsburgh. ?B.In the Mesabi Range.
?C.Near Lake Michigan.?D.Near Lake Erie.
?34.The words “Barges and steamers” could best be replaced by which of the following?
?A.Trains.B.Planes.?C.Boats.?D.Trucks.
?35.It can be inferred from the passage that the mass production of steel caused ____.
?A.a decline in the railroad industry
?B.a revolution in the industrial world
?C.an increase in the price of steel
?D.a feeling of discontent among steel workers
Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:
There were two widely divergent influences on the early development of statistical methods. Statistics had a mother who was dedicated to keeping orderly records of governmental units (state and statistics come from the same Latin root, status) and a gentlemanly gambling father who relied on mathematics to increase his skill at playing the odds in games of chance. The influence of the mother on the offspring, statistics, is represented by counting, measuring, describing, tabulating, ordering, and the taking of censuses―all of which led to modern descriptive statistics. From the influence of the father came modern inferential statistics, which is based squarely on theories of probability.
?Descripitive statistics involves tabulating, depicting, and describing collections of data. These data may be either quantitative, such as measures of height, intelligence, or grand level―variables that are characterized by an underlying continuum―or the data may represent qualitative variables, such as sex, college major, or personality type. Large masses of data must generally undergo a process of summarization or reduction before they are comprehensible. Descriptive statistics is a tool for describing or summarizing or reducing to comprehensible from the properties of an otherwise unwieldy mass of data.
?Inferential statistics is a formalized body of methods for solving another class of problems that present great difficulties for the unaided human mind. This general class of problems characteristically involves attempts to make prediction using a sample of observations. For example, a school superintendent wishes to determine of the proportion of children in a large school system who come to school without breakfast, have been vaccinated for flu, or whatever. Having a little knowledge of statistics, the superintendent would know that it is unnecessary and inefficient to question each child; the proportion for the entire district could be estimated fairly accurately from a sample of as few as 100 children. Thus, the purpose of inferential statistics is to predict or estimate characteristics of a population from a knowledge of the characteristics of only a sample of the population.
?36.With what is the passage mainly concerned?
?A.The drawbacks of descriptive and inferential statistics.
?B.Applications of inferential statistics.
?C.The development and use of statistics.
?D.How to use descriptive statistics.
?37.Why does the author mention the “mother” and “father” in the first paragraph?
?A.To point out that parents can teach their children statistics.
?B.To introduce inferential statistics.
?C.To explain that there are different kinds of variables.
?D.To present the background of statistics in a humorous and understandable way.
?38.Which of the following is NOT given as an example of qualitative variable?
?A.Gender. B.Height.
?C.College major. D.Type of personality.
?39.Which of the following statements about descriptive statistics is best supported by the passage?
?A.It simplifies unwieldy masses of data.
?B.It leads to increased variability.
?C.It solves all numerical problems.
?D.It changes qualitative variables to quantitative variables.
?40.According to the passage which is the purpose of examining a sample of a population?
?A.To compare different groups.
?B.To predict characteristics of the entire population.
?C.To consider all the quantitative variables.
?D.To tabulate collections of data.
The Federal Bureau of Investigation is gatheringinformation about the two men who opened fireoutside an event last weekend in Garland, Texas. Asecurity officer shot and killed the gunmen. Theofficer was wounded in the attack.
The shooting took place near a building where aprivate group was holding a contest. The groupoffered a $10,000 prize for the best depiction ofIslam's Prophet Mohammad. For Muslims, any imageor representation of the prophet is considereddisrespectful.
The event was the idea of a group called the American Freedom Defense Initiative, also knownas Stop the Islamization of America.
Police investigators searched the area where the shooting took place through the night and intothe morning. Joe Harn is with the police department in Garland, Texas. He said police know whathappened on Sunday.
“Two men exited the dark-colored sedan. Both of them had assault rifles, came around theback of the car and started shooting at the police car. The police officer in that car beganreturning fire and struck both men, taking them down.”
Police used a robot to examine the suspects' car for explosives. They did not find any.
Later, investigators identified one of the dead men as 31-year-old Elton Simpson. He was bornin the United States. As a young man, he accepted Islam. Police say he shared an apartmentwith Nadir Soofi, the other gunman, in Phoenix, Arizona.
Court documents say that Elton Simpson had been under investigation since . They say hewas tried and jailed in for lying to agents of the Federal Bureau of Investigation. He wassuspected of wanting to join Islamic extremists in Somalia.
Federal agents and police searched the men's apartment home in Phoenix. Before carrying outthe attack, Simpson is said to have provided details of his plans on the social media siteTwitter.
The shooting has extended the debate about freedom of speech. Organizers of the contestdescribed it as a free speech event.
Debate about freedom of speech
Pamela Geller was the lead organizer of the event in Garland. She compared the attack to themurder of 12 people earlier this year at Paris offices of the French weekly Charlie Hebdo.
Her group has created public debate over its opinions of Muslims in America. Her supporterssay she speaks the truth about a topic people are too fearful to discuss. Her critics, however,call her a bigot. Oren Segal is with the Anti-Defamation League. The group describes itself onits website as dedicated to stopping the defamation of the Jewish people and to securejustice and fair treatment to all.
Mr. Segal said Ms. Geller “is one of the leading American anti-Muslim bigots, consistentlyvilifying Muslims and the Islamic faith under the guise of course of fighting radical Islamists.” Hesaid that she does not recognize a difference between Islamic extremists and all Muslims.
Ms. Geller answered criticism against her in an email to VOA.
She wrote that, “It is not bigotry to stand up for the freedom of speech and the freedom ofexpression against those who would violently suppress it,” she wrote. “The ADL apparentlyprefers submission in the face of violent threats to standing up for the liberty and dignity ofthe individual.”
The non-profit Southern Poverty Law Center has also condemned Ms. Geller's group.
In 2010, the American Freedom Defense Initiative campaigned against a proposed Islamiccommunity center near the former World Trade Center towers in New York City. Terrorists withties to al-Qaida destroyed the towers in . The community center was never built.
On Tuesday, the Islamic State militant group claimed responsibility for the attack Sunday. Therewas no immediate comment from U.S. officials on the group's claim.
U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry traveled toMogadishu, Somalia, Tuesday. He is the firstsecretary of state to visit the country while in office.U.S. officials did not announce the visit before ittook place.
Mr. Kerry met with Somalia's president and prime minister while in Mogadishu. A U.S. StateDepartment official said the secretary's visit showed support for the Somali government'sprogress. Mr. Kerry also wanted to give thanks to the nations that worked with the AfricanUnion peacekeeping mission in Somalia.
Somali President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud told Mr. Kerry that his visit was a great moment forthe country.
ISIS claims responsibility for shooting in Texas
The Islamic State militant group said it is responsible for an attack Sunday on a large meetingplace near Dallas, Texas. Gunmen shot and wounded a guard at the center. ISIS claimedresponsibility in a radio broadcast Tuesday.
A private group was holding a competition at the center for cartoons of Islam's prophetMuhammad. Police shot and killed the two attackers.
U.S. Homeland Security Secretary Jeh Johnson said in a statement that officials wereinvestigating the attack.
French lawmakers approve spy bill
France's lower house of Parliament has approved a measure would permit spying on terrorismsuspects.
If passed, intelligence services could place cameras and recording devices in suspects' homesand cars without approval from a judge.
The measure would also force communication companies to permit intelligence services touse electronic “lock boxes” to record data from all Internet users in France.
Civil liberties activists have criticized the bill.
Both Socialist majority and conservative opposition lawmakers supported the measure. TheFrench Senate will now begin debate on the bill.
Obama chooses Joe Dunford for Joint Chiefs of Staff chair
President Barack Obama has nominated Marine General Joseph Dunford, Jr. as the nextchairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff.
General Dunford led the Afghanistan war coalition in 2013 and 2014. He also supervised thechange of security leadership from NATO to Afghan forces.
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