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Passage Two
Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.
There are people in Italy who can't stand soccer. Not all Canadians love hockey. A similar situation exists in America, where there are those individuals you may be one of them who yawn or even frown when somebody mentions baseball. Baseball to them means boring hours watching grown men in funny tight outfits standing around in a field staring away while very little of anything happens. They tell you it's a game better suited to the 19th century, slow, quiet, and gentlemanly. These are the same people you may be one of them who love football because there's the sport that glorifies “the hit”.
By contrast, baseball seems abstract, cool, silent, still.
On TV the game is fractured into a dozen perspectives, replays, close-ups. The geometry of the game, however, is essential to understanding it. You will contemplate the game from one point as a painter does his subject; you may, of course, project yourself into the game. It is in this projection that the game affords so much space and time for involvement. The TV won't do it for you.
Take, for example, the third baseman. You sit behind the third base dugout and you watch him watching home plate. His legs are apart, knees flexed. His arms hang loose. He does a lot of this. The skeptic still cannot think of any other sports so still, so passive. But watch what happens every time the pitcher throws: the third baseman goes up on his toes, flexes his arms or brings the glove to a point in front of him, takes a step right or left, backward or forward, perhaps he glances across the field to check his first baseman's position. Suppose the pitch is a ball. “Nothing happened,” you say. “I could have had my eyes closed.”
The skeptic and the innocent must play the game. And this involvement in the stands is no more intellectual than listening to music is. Watch the third baseman. Smooth the dirt in front of you with one foot; smooth the pocket in your glove; watch the eyes of the batter, the speed of the bat, the sound of horsehide on wood. If football is a symphony of movement and theatre, baseball is chamber music, a spacious interlocking of notes, chorus and responses.
62.The passage is mainly concerned with .
[A]the different tastes of people for sports
[B]the different characteristics of sports
[C]the attraction of football
[D]the attraction of baseball
63.Those who don't like baseball may complain that .
[A]it is only to the taste of the old
[B]it involves fewer players than football
[C]it is not exciting enough
[D]it is pretentious and looks funny
64.The author admits that .
[A]baseball is too peaceful for the young
[B]baseball may seem boring when watched on TV
[C]football is more attracting than baseball
[D]baseball is more interesting than football
65.By stating “I could have had my eyes closed.” the author means (4th paragraph last sentence) .
[A]the third baseman would rather sleep than play the game
[B]even if the third baseman closed his eyes a moment ago, it could make no difference to the result
[C]the third baseman is so good at baseball that he could finish the game with eyes closed all the time and do his work well
[D]the consequence was so bad that he could not bear to see it
66.We can safely conclude that the author .
[A]likes football[B]hates football
[C]hates baseball[D]likes baseballPart ⅤCloze (15 minutes)
Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C]and [D]on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Who won the World Cup 1994 football game? What happened at the United Nations? How did the critics like the new play? 67 an event takes place, newspapers are on the streets 68 the details. Wherever anything happens in the world, reports are on the spot to 69 the news. Newspapers have one basic 70 , to get the news as quickly as possible from its source, from those who make it to those who want to 71 it. Radio, telegraph, television, and 72 inventions brought competition for newspapers. So did the development of magazines and other means of communication. 73 , this competition merely spurred the newspapers on. They quickly made use of the newer and faster means of communication to improve the 74 and thus the efficiency of their own operations. Today more newspapers are 75 and read than ever before. Competition also led newspapers to branch out to many other fields. Besides keeping readers 76 of the latest news, today's newspapers 77 and influence readers about politics and other important and serious matters. Newspapers influence readers' economic choices 78 advertising. Most newspapers depend on advertising for their very 79 .News-papers are sold at a price that 80 even a small fraction of the cost of production. The main 81 of income for most newspapers is commercial advertising. The 82 in selling advertising depends on a newspaper's value to advertisers. This 83 in terms of circulation. How many people read the newspaper? Circulation depends 84 on the work of the circulation department and on the services or entertainment 85 in a newspaper's pages. But for the most part, circulation depends on a newspaper's value to readers as a source of information 86 the community, city, country, state, nation, and world-and even outer space.
67.[A]Just when[B]While
[C]Soon after[D]Before
68.[A]to give[B]giving
[C]given[D]being given
69.[A]gather[B]spread
[C]carry[D]bring
70.[A]reason[B]cause
[C]problem[D]purpose
71.[A]make[B]publish
[C]know[D]write
72.[A]another[B]other
[C]one another[D]the other
73.[A]However[B]And
[C]Therefore[D]So
74.[A]value[B]ratio
[C]rate[D]speed
75.[A]spread[B]passed
[C]printed[D]completed
76.[A]inform[B]be informed
[C]to informed[D]informed
77.[A]entertain[B]encourage
[C]educate[D]edit
78.[A]on[B]through
[C]with[D]of
79.[A]forms[B]existence
[C]contents[D]purpose
80.[A]tries to cover[B]manages to cover
[C]fails to cover[D]succeeds in
81.[A]source [B]origin
[C]course[D]finance
82.[A]way[B]means
[C]chance [D]success
83.[A]measures[B]measured
[C]is measured[D]was measured
84.[A]somewhat [B]little
[C]much[D]something
85.[A]offering[B]offered
[C]which offered[D]to be offered
86.[A]by [B]with
[C]at[D]about
Part Ⅵ Translation(5 minutes)
Direction: Complete the sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.
87.There's a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means(想找麻烦).
88.Why didn't you tell me you could lend me the money? I (本来不必从银行借钱的).
89. (正是由于她太没有经验) that she does not know how to deal with the situation.
90.I (将做实验) from three to five this afternoon.
91.If this can't be settled reasonably, it may be necessary to (诉诸武力).
Part I Writing
【写作思路】
本文是一篇关于择业的议论文。短文需要说明慎重择业相当重要，并提出多种指导择业的方法。
【参考范文】
Choosing an Occupation
One of the most important problems a young person faces is deciding what to do. There are some people, of course, who from the time are six years old “know” that they want to be doctors or pilots or fire fighters, but the majority of us do not get around to making a decision about an occupation or career until somebody or something forces us to face the problem.
Choosing an occupation takes time, and there are a lot of things you have to think about as you try to decide what you would like to do. You may find that you will have to take special courses to qualify for a particular kind of work, or you may find out that you will need to get actual work experience to gain enough knowledge to qualify for a particular job.
Fortunately, there are a lot of people you can turn to for advice and help in making your decision. At most schools, there are teachers who are professionally qualified to give you detailed information about job qualifications. And you can talk over your ideas with family members and friends who are always ready to listen and to offer suggestions.
Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)(15 minutes)
Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)?
Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.?
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:?
American Indians played a central role in the war known as the American Revolution. To them, however, the dispute between the colonists and England was peripheral. For American Indians the conflict was a war for American Indian independence, and whichever side they chose, they lost it. Mary Brant was a powerful influence among the Iroquois. She was a Mohawk, the leader of the society of all Iroquois matrons, and the widow of Sir William Johnson, Superintendent of Indian Affairs. Her brother, Joseph Brant, is the best?known American Indian warrior of the Revolution, yet she may have exerted even more influence in the confederacy than he did. She used her influence to keep the western tribes of Iroquois loyal to the English king, George Ⅲ. When the colonists won the war, she and her tribe had to abandon their lands and retreat to Canada. On the other side, Nancy Ward held positions of authority in the Cherokee nation. She had fought as a warrior in the war against the Creeks and as a reward for her heroism was made “Beloved Woman” of the tribe. This office made her chief of the women’s council and a member of the council of chiefs. She was friendly with the white settlers and supported the Patriots during the Revolution. Yet the Cherokees too lost their land.
?21.What is the main point the author makes in the passage?
?A.Siding with the English in the Revolution helped American Indians regain their land.
?B.At the time of the Revolution the Superintendent of Indian Affairs had little power.
?C.Regardless of whom they supported in the Revolution, American Indians lost their land.
?D.The outcome of the Revolution was largely determined by American Indian women.
?22.The word “it” in line 5 refers to ____.
?A.side B.revolution
?C.dispute D.independence
?23.How did Ward gain her position of authority?
?A.By bravery in battle.
B.By marriage to a chief.
?C.By joining the confederacy.
D.By being born into a powerful family.
?24.To which tribe did Nancy Ward belong?
?A.Mohawk. B.Iroquois. C.Cherokee. D.Creek.
?25.According to the passage, what did Mary Brant and Nancy Ward had in common?
?A.Each was called “Beloved Woman” by her tribe.
?B.Each influenced her tribe’s role in the American Revolution.
?C.Each lost a brother in the American Revolution.
?D.Each went to England after the American Revolution.
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.?
Born in 1830 in rural Amherst, Massachusetts, Emily Dickinson spent her entire life in the household of her parents. Between 1858 and 1862, it was later discovered, she wrote like a person possessed, often producing a poem a day. It was also during this period that her life was transformed into the myth of Amherst. Withdrawing more and more, keeping to her room, sometimes even refusing to see visitors who called, she began to dress only in white―a habit that added to her reputation as an eccentric.
?In their determination to read Dickinson’s life in terms of a traditional romantic plot, biographers have missed the unique pattern of her life―her struggle to create a female life not yet imagined by the culture in which she lived. Dickinson was not the innocent, lovelorn and emotionally fragile girl sentimentalized by the Dickinson myth and popularized by William Luce’s 1976 play, the Belle of Amherst. Her decision to shut the door on Amherst society in the 1850’s transformed her house into a kind of magical realm in which she was free to engage her poetic genius. Her seclusion was not the result of a failed love affair, but rather a part of a more general pattern of renunciation through which she, in her quest for self?sovereignty, carried on an argument with the puritan fathers, attacking with wit and irony their cheerless Calvinist doctrine, their stern patriarchal God, and their rigid notions of “true womanhood”.
?26.What’s the author’s main purpose in the passage?
?A.To interpret Emily Dickinson’s eccentric behavior.
?B.To promote the popular myth of Emily Dickinson.
?C.To discuss Emily Dickinson’s failed love affair.
?D.To describe the religious climate in Emily Dickinson’s time.
?27.Which of the following is not mentioned as being one of Emily Dickinson’s eccentricities?
?A.Refusing to eat. B.Wearing only white.
?C.Avoiding visitors. D.Staying in her room.
?28.According to the passage, biographers of Emily Dickinson have traditionally ____.
?A.criticized most of her poems
?B.ignored her innocence and emotional fragility
?C.seen her life in romantic terms
?D.blaming her parents for restricting her activities
?29.The author implies that many people attribute Emily Dickinson’s seclusion to ____.
?A.physical illness B.a failed love affair
?C.religious fervor D.her dislike of people
?30.It can be inferred from the passage that Emily Dickinson lived in a society that was characterized by ____.
?A.strong Puritan beliefs
?B.equality of men and women
?C.the encouragement of nonconformity
?D.the appreciation of poetic creativity
Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.?
The railroad industry could not have grown as large as it did without steel. The first rails were made of iron. But iron rails were not strong enough to support heavy trains running at high speeds. Railroad executives wanted to replace them with steel rails because steel was ten or fifteen times stronger and lasted twenty times longer. Before the 1870’s, however, steel was too expensive to be widely used. It was made by a slow and expensive process of heating, stirring and reheating iron ore.
?Then the inventor Henry Bessemer discovered that directing a blast of air at melted iron in a furnace would burn out the impurities that made the iron brittle. As the air shot through the furnace, the bubbling metal would erupt in showers of sparks. When the fire cooled, the metal had been changed, or converted to steel. The Bessemer converter made possible the mass production of steel. Now three to five tons of iron could be changed into steel in a matter of minutes.
Just when the demand for more and more steel developed, prospectors discovered huge new deposits of iron ore in the Mesabi Range, a 120?long region in Minnesota near Lake Superior. The Mesabi deposits were so near the surface that they could be mined with steam shovels.
?Barges and steamers carried the iron ore through Lake Superior to depots on the southern shores of Lake Michigan and Lake Erie. With dizzying speed Gary, Indiana, and Toledo, Youngstown, and Cleveland, Ohio, became major steel?manufacturing centers. Pittsburgh was the greatest steel city of all.
?Steel was the basic building material of the industrial age. Production skyrocketed from seventy?seven thousand tons in 1870 to over eleven million tons in 1900.
31.According to the passage, the railroad industry preferred steel to iron because steel was ____.
?A.cheaper and more plentiful
?B.lighter and easier to mold
?C.cleaner and easier to mine
?D.stronger and more durable
?32.According to the passage, how did Bessemer method make the mass production of steel possible?
?A.It directed air at melted iron in a furnace, removing all impurities.
?B.It slowly heated iron ore then stirred it and heated it again.
?C.It changed iron ore into iron which was a substitute for steel.
?D.It could quickly find deposits of iron ore under the ground.
?33.According to the passage, where were large deposits of iron uncovered?
?A.In Pittsburgh. ?B.In the Mesabi Range.
?C.Near Lake Michigan.?D.Near Lake Erie.
?34.The words “Barges and steamers” could best be replaced by which of the following?
?A.Trains.B.Planes.?C.Boats.?D.Trucks.
?35.It can be inferred from the passage that the mass production of steel caused ____.
?A.a decline in the railroad industry
?B.a revolution in the industrial world
?C.an increase in the price of steel
?D.a feeling of discontent among steel workers
Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:
There were two widely divergent influences on the early development of statistical methods. Statistics had a mother who was dedicated to keeping orderly records of governmental units (state and statistics come from the same Latin root, status) and a gentlemanly gambling father who relied on mathematics to increase his skill at playing the odds in games of chance. The influence of the mother on the offspring, statistics, is represented by counting, measuring, describing, tabulating, ordering, and the taking of censuses―all of which led to modern descriptive statistics. From the influence of the father came modern inferential statistics, which is based squarely on theories of probability.
?Descripitive statistics involves tabulating, depicting, and describing collections of data. These data may be either quantitative, such as measures of height, intelligence, or grand level―variables that are characterized by an underlying continuum―or the data may represent qualitative variables, such as sex, college major, or personality type. Large masses of data must generally undergo a process of summarization or reduction before they are comprehensible. Descriptive statistics is a tool for describing or summarizing or reducing to comprehensible from the properties of an otherwise unwieldy mass of data.
?Inferential statistics is a formalized body of methods for solving another class of problems that present great difficulties for the unaided human mind. This general class of problems characteristically involves attempts to make prediction using a sample of observations. For example, a school superintendent wishes to determine of the proportion of children in a large school system who come to school without breakfast, have been vaccinated for flu, or whatever. Having a little knowledge of statistics, the superintendent would know that it is unnecessary and inefficient to question each child; the proportion for the entire district could be estimated fairly accurately from a sample of as few as 100 children. Thus, the purpose of inferential statistics is to predict or estimate characteristics of a population from a knowledge of the characteristics of only a sample of the population.
?36.With what is the passage mainly concerned?
?A.The drawbacks of descriptive and inferential statistics.
?B.Applications of inferential statistics.
?C.The development and use of statistics.
?D.How to use descriptive statistics.
?37.Why does the author mention the “mother” and “father” in the first paragraph?
?A.To point out that parents can teach their children statistics.
?B.To introduce inferential statistics.
?C.To explain that there are different kinds of variables.
?D.To present the background of statistics in a humorous and understandable way.
?38.Which of the following is NOT given as an example of qualitative variable?
?A.Gender. B.Height.
?C.College major. D.Type of personality.
?39.Which of the following statements about descriptive statistics is best supported by the passage?
?A.It simplifies unwieldy masses of data.
?B.It leads to increased variability.
?C.It solves all numerical problems.
?D.It changes qualitative variables to quantitative variables.
?40.According to the passage which is the purpose of examining a sample of a population?
?A.To compare different groups.
?B.To predict characteristics of the entire population.
?C.To consider all the quantitative variables.
?D.To tabulate collections of data.
The Federal Bureau of Investigation is gatheringinformation about the two men who opened fireoutside an event last weekend in Garland, Texas. Asecurity officer shot and killed the gunmen. Theofficer was wounded in the attack.
The shooting took place near a building where aprivate group was holding a contest. The groupoffered a $10,000 prize for the best depiction ofIslam's Prophet Mohammad. For Muslims, any imageor representation of the prophet is considereddisrespectful.
The event was the idea of a group called the American Freedom Defense Initiative, also knownas Stop the Islamization of America.
Police investigators searched the area where the shooting took place through the night and intothe morning. Joe Harn is with the police department in Garland, Texas. He said police know whathappened on Sunday.
“Two men exited the dark-colored sedan. Both of them had assault rifles, came around theback of the car and started shooting at the police car. The police officer in that car beganreturning fire and struck both men, taking them down.”
Police used a robot to examine the suspects' car for explosives. They did not find any.
Later, investigators identified one of the dead men as 31-year-old Elton Simpson. He was bornin the United States. As a young man, he accepted Islam. Police say he shared an apartmentwith Nadir Soofi, the other gunman, in Phoenix, Arizona.
Court documents say that Elton Simpson had been under investigation since . They say hewas tried and jailed in for lying to agents of the Federal Bureau of Investigation. He wassuspected of wanting to join Islamic extremists in Somalia.
Federal agents and police searched the men's apartment home in Phoenix. Before carrying outthe attack, Simpson is said to have provided details of his plans on the social media siteTwitter.
The shooting has extended the debate about freedom of speech. Organizers of the contestdescribed it as a free speech event.
Debate about freedom of speech
Pamela Geller was the lead organizer of the event in Garland. She compared the attack to themurder of 12 people earlier this year at Paris offices of the French weekly Charlie Hebdo.
Her group has created public debate over its opinions of Muslims in America. Her supporterssay she speaks the truth about a topic people are too fearful to discuss. Her critics, however,call her a bigot. Oren Segal is with the Anti-Defamation League. The group describes itself onits website as dedicated to stopping the defamation of the Jewish people and to securejustice and fair treatment to all.
Mr. Segal said Ms. Geller “is one of the leading American anti-Muslim bigots, consistentlyvilifying Muslims and the Islamic faith under the guise of course of fighting radical Islamists.” Hesaid that she does not recognize a difference between Islamic extremists and all Muslims.
Ms. Geller answered criticism against her in an email to VOA.
She wrote that, “It is not bigotry to stand up for the freedom of speech and the freedom ofexpression against those who would violently suppress it,” she wrote. “The ADL apparentlyprefers submission in the face of violent threats to standing up for the liberty and dignity ofthe individual.”
The non-profit Southern Poverty Law Center has also condemned Ms. Geller's group.
In 2010, the American Freedom Defense Initiative campaigned against a proposed Islamiccommunity center near the former World Trade Center towers in New York City. Terrorists withties to al-Qaida destroyed the towers in . The community center was never built.
On Tuesday, the Islamic State militant group claimed responsibility for the attack Sunday. Therewas no immediate comment from U.S. officials on the group's claim.
U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry traveled toMogadishu, Somalia, Tuesday. He is the firstsecretary of state to visit the country while in office.U.S. officials did not announce the visit before ittook place.
Mr. Kerry met with Somalia's president and prime minister while in Mogadishu. A U.S. StateDepartment official said the secretary's visit showed support for the Somali government'sprogress. Mr. Kerry also wanted to give thanks to the nations that worked with the AfricanUnion peacekeeping mission in Somalia.
Somali President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud told Mr. Kerry that his visit was a great moment forthe country.
ISIS claims responsibility for shooting in Texas
The Islamic State militant group said it is responsible for an attack Sunday on a large meetingplace near Dallas, Texas. Gunmen shot and wounded a guard at the center. ISIS claimedresponsibility in a radio broadcast Tuesday.
A private group was holding a competition at the center for cartoons of Islam's prophetMuhammad. Police shot and killed the two attackers.
U.S. Homeland Security Secretary Jeh Johnson said in a statement that officials wereinvestigating the attack.
French lawmakers approve spy bill
France's lower house of Parliament has approved a measure would permit spying on terrorismsuspects.
If passed, intelligence services could place cameras and recording devices in suspects' homesand cars without approval from a judge.
The measure would also force communication companies to permit intelligence services touse electronic “lock boxes” to record data from all Internet users in France.
Civil liberties activists have criticized the bill.
Both Socialist majority and conservative opposition lawmakers supported the measure. TheFrench Senate will now begin debate on the bill.
Obama chooses Joe Dunford for Joint Chiefs of Staff chair
President Barack Obama has nominated Marine General Joseph Dunford, Jr. as the nextchairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff.
General Dunford led the Afghanistan war coalition in and . He also supervised thechange of security leadership from NATO to Afghan forces.
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Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (35 minutes) ?
Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage: ?
Every year 100 million holiday―makers are drawn to the Mediterranean.
With one?third of the world's tourist trade, it is the most popular of all the holiday destinations; it is also the most polluted.
It has only 1 per cent of the world's sea surface, but carries more than half the oil and tar floating on the waters. Thousands of factories pour their poison into the Mediterranean, and almost every city, town and village on the coast sends its sewage, untreated, into the sea.
The result is that the Mediterranean, which nurtured so many civilizations, is gravely ill―the first of the seas to fall victim to the abilities and attitudes that evolved around it. And the pollution does not merely keep back life of the sea―it threatens the people who inhabit and visit its shores.
The mournful form of disease is caused by sewage. Eighty?five per centof the waste from the Mediterranean's 120 coastal cities is pushed out in to the waters where their people and visitors bathe and fish. What is more, most cities just drop it in straight off the beach; rare indeed are the places like Cannes and Tel Aviv which pipe it even half a mile offshore.
Not surprisingly, vast areas of the shallows are awash with bacteria and it doesn't take long for these to reach people. Professor William Brumfitt of the Royal Free Hospital once calculated that anyone who goes for a swim in the Mediterranean has a one in seven chance of getting some sort of disease. Other scientists say this is an overestimate; but almost all of them agree that bathers are at risk.
Industry adds its own poisons. Factories cluster round the coastline, and even the most modern rarely has proper waste?treatment plant. They do as much damage to the sea as sewage.
But the good news is that the countries of the Mediterranean have been coming together to work out how to save their common sea.
?21. The causes of the Mediterranean's pollution is ____.
?A) the oil and tar floating on the water
?B) many factories put their poison into the sea
?C) untreated sewage from the factories and coastal cities
?D) there are some sorts of diseases in the sea
?22. Which of following consequence of a polluted sea is not true according to the passage?
?A) Bring up so many civilizations.
?B) Various diseases in the sea.
?C) It threatens the inhabitants and travelers.
?D) One in seven chance of getting some sort of disease swimming in the sea.
?23. The word “sewage”refer to ____.
?A) poison ?
C) liquid material
?B) waste ?
D) solid material
?24. Why does industry do much damage to the sea?
?A) Because most factories have proper waste?treatment plants.
?B) Because many factories have not proper waste?treatment plants even the most modern one.
?C) Because just the modern factory has a waste treatment plant.
?D) Because neither ordinary factories nor most modern ones have proper waste?treatment plants.
?25. What is the passage mainly about?
?A) Save the world.
?B) How the people live in the Mediterranean sea.
?C) How the industry dangers the sea.
?D) Beware the dirty sea.
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:
THE CLASSROOM is a man's world, where boys get two?thirds of the teachers' attention ― even when they are in a minority― taunt (辱骂) the girls without punishment, and receive praise for sloppy work that would not be tolerated from girls. They are accustomed to being teachers' pets, and if girls get anything like equal treatment, they will protest eagerly and even wreck lessons. ?
These claims are made in a book out this week, written by Dale Spender, a lecturer at the London University Institute of Education. She argues that discrimination against girls is so deeply in co?educational schools that single sex classes are the only answer.
Her case is based on tape?recordings of her own and other teachers' lessons. Many of them, like Spender, had deliberately set out to give girls a fair chance. “Sometimes,” says Spender, “I have even thought I have gone too far and have spent more time with the girls than the boys.”?
The tapes proved otherwise. In 10 taped lessons (in secondary school and college), Spender never gave the girls more than 42 per cent of her attention (the average was 38 percent) and never gave the boys less than 58 percent. There were similar results for other teachers, both male and female.
In other words, when teachers give girls more than a third of their time, they feel that they are cheating the boys of their rightful share. And so do the boys themselves. “She always asks the girls all the questions,” said one boy in a classroom where 34 per cent of the teachers' time was allocated to girls. “She doesn't like boys, and just listens to the girls.” said a boy in another class, where his sex got 63 per cent of teacher attention.?
Boys regarded two?thirds of the teacher's time as a fair deal ― and when they got less they caused trouble in class and even complained to higher authority. “It's important to keep their attention,” said one teacher, “Otherwise, they play you up something awful.” ?
Spender concludes that, in mixed classes, if the girls are as boisterous and pushy as the boys, they are considered “unladylike”, if they are docile and quiet, they are ignored.
?26. If boys are better treated in class, ____ would be better.
?A) single?sex classes and co?educational classes
?B) co?educational classes
?C) single?sex classes
?D) None of the above
?27. Dale Spender obtained the evidence for her claims by ____.
?A) her own lessons in secondary school and college
?B) the other teachers' tape?recordings
?C) both male and female teachers
?D) tape?recordings of her own and other teachers' lessons
?28. What are the boy's reactions when girls are given more attention?
?A) They will keep the teachers' attention again.
?B) They will make some trouble and complain to the headmaster.
?C) They will play up the teacher something awful.
?D) They will feel they are cheated by teachers.
?29. The word “boisterous” in the last paragraph probably means ____.
?A) rough B) brave ?
C)troublesome D) emotional
?30. The best title for this passage would be ____.
?A) boys are teachers' pets
?B) boys do better in co?educational classes
?C) single?sex classes are better than co?eduationed classes
?D) girls do better than boys?
Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:
Gestures aren't the only area in which the unwary traveler can get tripped up. Foreign cultures adhere to different business customs and behavior.
For example:
Caffeine junkies should restrain themselves in the Middle East.“Three cups of tea or coffee is usually the polite limit in offices and during socialcalls,” counsels “Travel Pak, ” a free publication of Alia, the Royal Jordanian Airline. “But if your host keeps going, you also may continue sipping. If you've had your fill, give your empty cup a quick twist ? a sort of wiggle―as you hand it back. That means “No more, thank you.”
Middle East visitors also should not be surprised “if others barge right into the office in the middle of your conversation with the person you are seeing,” notes “Travel Pak.” An old Arab custom calls for keeping an “open office.”
The British, however, consider it impolite to interrupt a visitor, even after all business has been transacted. The commercial caller is expected to be sensitive to this point, know when to stop, and initiate his or her own departure.
In Japan certain guests at evening business gatherings will leave early. They should be allowed to leave without effusive good?byes. The Japanese consider formal departures to be disruptive in such cases and disturbing to remaining guests.?
In Scandinavia and Finland business guests may be asked to shed their clothes and join their hosts in a sauna. The invitation is a sign that a good working relationship has been established.
In the Arab world, the word “no” must be mentioned three times before it is accepted. In contrast, it is considered good business manners to make many and long efforts to pick up the check.
In the People's Republic of China, gift giving is considered an insult, says Patrick J. Lewis, President of Club Universe, a Los Angeles tour operator. “If you want to give someone a gift, make sure it's modest in value.
This will not be considered offensive, but it may be declined, ” The Chinese manner of expressing friendship and welcome is to clap. Lewis adds. “You may be greeted with clapping when entering a factory, hospital, commune, or school.
Politeness dictates that you respond with applause, even though it may seem like you're clapping for yourself.”
?31. In the Middle East, it is considered ____.
?A) impolite to drink at least 3 cups of coffee
?B) impolite to drink more than 3 cups of coffee unless your host drinks more
?C) polite to ask the host to give you as more as he can
?D) polite to leave a party as early as you want
?32. In Japan, the guest at an evening party will ____.
?A) leave early without saying good?bye
?B) stay as long as he can
?C) stay to have a swimming with the host
?D) present their business cards immediately
?33. In Finland, business guests may ____.
?A) take flowers to the host
?B) send an expensive gift to the host
?C) have a swimming or sauna with the host
?D) present a business card
?34. In China, a gift to the host means ____.
?A) attemption to praise the host
?B) a modest manner
C) a respondence of applause
?D) offended action to the host's dignity
?35. Which of the following statement is NOT true according to the passage?
?A) Uninvited visitors are welcome in Middle Eastern office.
?B) In Britain, business visitors can stay as long as they like.
? C) In China, people may greet a foreigner's entering a school with clapping.
?D) In the Arab world, saying “No” for 3 times until it is accepted.
Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:
W hat is the importance of the Afro?American history to all Americans? How could Afro?Americans contribute anything to American history when they were just slaves and servants? This is the image which many of us are taught when we go to school. This is the image many Afro?Americans have of themselves also.
The Afro?Americans need to remake their real historical image so that it is known and accepted in its truthfulness by themselves and the rest of the world. Men and women of darker color are human beings entitled to respect and acceptance in history.
When we think of famous scientists and inventors we immediately think of men such as Alexander Graham Bell, Thomas Edison and Jonas E.Salk. This is because we associate famous people with the Anglo?Saxon race. But what about the Afro?American inventors and scientists? How many men during World War Ⅰ owe their lives to Garrett Morgan who invented the gas mask? Garrett Morgan also invented the traffic light which saves numerous lives on our streets. Daniel Hale Williams was the first successful heart surgeon. Charles Drew saved hundreds of thousands of lives during World War II by his discovery of the ways and means of preserving blood plasma. Percy Julian has helped millions suffering from the excruciating pain of arthritis. These men and others should be as easily recognized as Bell, Edison and Salk.
America is made up of many different blends of cultures. These many cultures have come to enrich and diversify the American way of life. We should not think, because history has neglected to include the background of a particular culture, that these people have an inferior history. We should search for the truth and set the record straight against the slanders, the stereotyping and false images which have identified these people. We should understand each of the cultures and learn of their specific contribution to America's life story.
Only after we are taught the complete and accurate history of our great country and learn that the blending of cultures and backgrounds gives us ourstrength, can we go forward on the path to peace.
?36. The function of the first paragraph is to ____.
?A) present the main idea or the summary of the essay
?B) present an introduction to the topic
?C) provide background to the main theme
?D) present many cultures have contributed to American history
?37. Which of the following statements is true?
?A) Graham Bell, T.Edison and J.E.Salk are not very important people.
?B) Black people who contribute to society should have equal recognition with their white colleagues.
?C) We should not associate famous people with the Anglo?Saxonrace only.
?D) G.Morgan, D.H.Williams and Charles Drew were not Afro?Americans.
?38. Paragraph three tells us that ____.
?A) we should oppose slander and stereotyping
?B) the American way of life is richer because it is made up of many cultures
?C) some cultures have been completely neglected
?D) Afro?Americans have an inferior history
?39. The word “image” refers to ____.
?A) picture B) portray C) impression D) similar
?40. The main idea of the passage is ____.
?A) There are many Afro?Americans who are famous as scientists and inventors
?B) Many Afro?Americans have devoted to American history
?C) Afro?American experience to American history
?D) Afro?American history must be recognized as an important part of American history
Part Ⅲ Vocabulary and Structure(20 minutes)
Directions:There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D). Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
? 41.____ allow the vegetable to go bad, he sold them at half price.
? A) More than C) Other than
? B) Rather than D) Better than
? 42.Today, housework has been made much easier by electrical ____.
? A) facilities C) instruments
?B) appliances D) equipment
? 43.He ____ him what he asked.
? A) denied C) ignored
? B) refuted D) deprived
? 44.The book does not ____ children.
? A) submit to C) confess to
? B) appeal to D) consent to
? 45.We have every size of shoe in ____.
? A) storing C) sale
? B) stock D) shop
? 46.I ____ this man with receiving stolen goods.
? A) accuse C) scold
? B) charge D) blame
? 47.You've made a mistake―you've ____ the word.
? A) left out C) left behind
? B) left off D) left for
? 48.Scientists first ____ the idea of the atomic bomb in the 1930s.
? A) competed C) consumed
? B) conceived D) concealed
? 49.You may take an oral or written exam ____ what you prefer.
? A) according as C) accordingly
? B) according to D) in accord
? 50.The desks and seats can be ____ to the height of any child.
? A) adopted C) adjusted
? B) shifted D) corrected
? 51.No further discussion ____ , the meeting was brought to a close.
? A) arising C) arousing
? B) raising D) rising
? 52. ____ , the British working class is better off today than it was a generation ago.
? A) By and large C) By no means
? B) In detail D) By and by
? 53.Every man has the right to live where he wants to, ____ the colour of his skin.
? A) regardless of C) in case of
? B) prior to D) for the sake of
? 54.The potato crop of 1946 was ____ that of 1945.
? A) superior than C) more superior to
? B) superior to D) more superior than
? 55.Books are ____ to scholars.
? A) indispensable C) bound to
? B) indifferent D) accustomed to
? 56. ____ such a difficult task, we must redouble our efforts.
? A) To face with C) Faced with
? B) We are facing D) Facing with
? 57.Either of these young ladies ____ perfectly qualified to teach Greek, Latin and French.
? A) were C) is
? B) are D) have been
? 58.Your hair needed ____ ;I am glad you had it cut.
? A) cut C) to cut
? B) cutting D) being cut
? 59.Studying hard is more rewarding ____.
? A) than to be lazy C) than to be like a lazy person
? B) than being lazy D) than it is to be lazy
? 60.The Latin class had twenty students, ____ had had much better language training than I.
? A) most of which C) most of them
? B) which D) most of whom
? 61.I wish that he ____ to the movies with me yesterday.
? A) went C) was gone
? B) could go D) could have gone
? 62. ____ , the more necessary it is to break it up into a number of parts which the reader can visualize.
? A) The more complex a subject becomes
? B) The more becomes a subject complex
? C) A subject becomes the more complex
? D) The more subjects become essential
? 63.Close the door, ____ ?
? A) will you C) shall you
? B) do you D) don't you
? 64. ____ at the railway station when it began to rain.
? A) Hardly had he arrived C) No sooner did he arrive
? B) Hardly he had arrived D) No sooner arrived he
? 65.The storm ____ , they had to live in a cave.
? A) has destroyed their hut C) having destroyed their hut
? B) to destroy their hut D) being destroyed
? 66. ____ the number of paid holidays enjoyed by most employees in the company, three weeks of vacation seems generous.
? A) Compared with C) Comparing with
? B) Compared D) Comparing
? 67.It was going to be some time ____ he would see his father again.
? A) since C) until
? B) when D) before
? 68.He is younger than ____.
? A) any other boy in the class
? B) any boy in the class
? C) all boys in the class
? D) you and me as well as the class
? 69.The establishment of the company shall start from the day____ the business license of the company is issued.
? A) which C) in which ? B) on which D) whenever
70.You ____ me because I didn't say that.
? A) must misunderstand C) must have misunderstood
? B) must be misunderstanding D) had to misunderstand?
Part Ⅳ Translation from English into Chinese (15 minutes)
Directions:
In this part, there are five items which you should translate into Chinese, each item consisting of one or two sentences. These sentences are all taken from the Reading Passages you have just read in the Reading Comprehension of the Test Paper. You can refer back to the passages so as to identify their meanings in the context.
? 71. You do not remain at this deep fourth stage all night long, but instead about 80 minutes after you fall into slumber, your brain activity level will increase again slightly.(Passage 2, Para.2, the First Sentence)
? 72. In creating a lens a lens designer attempts to “trap” light by forcing all the rays arising from a single point in the subject to focus on a single point in the image, as a consequence of their passing through a series of transparent (透明的) elements with precisely curved surfaces.(Passage 3, Para.1, the Third Sentence)
? 73. The number of possible consequences flowing from any one decision is so large, however, as to be virtually, if not actually, infinite.(Passage 3, Para.1,the Fifth Sentence)
? 74. We have also expanded the treatment of technical articles ― recognizing the potential contribution of article writing to the career of the writer and the value of the article to science and technology.(Passage 4,Para.2,the Last Sentence)
? 75.Though a study of this chapter is no substitute for training in public speaking, we believe that its recommendations can nevertheless be of substantial assistance to those who use this book on the numerous occasions when they will be called upon to present their ideas in person before a small group or a large audience.(Passage 4, Para.4,the Last Sentence)
Part Ⅴ Writing (30 minutes)
Directions:In this section you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition entitled “Lay?offs(下岗) in State?owned Enterprises”. The first sentence is given to you. Your composition should be no less than 100 words. Remember that the contents of the outline should be included in your composition. You should write your composition on the Answer Sheet.
? Lay?offs in State?owned Enterprises
?1. 下岗是改革的需要;
?2. 下岗会带来的问题;
?3. 如何对待下岗所带来的问题;
★ 大学英语四级试题
★ 大学英语四级考试
★ 大学英语四级作文
