以下是小编精心整理的虚拟语气: 虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的应用（共含9篇），仅供参考，希望能够帮助到大家。同时，但愿您也能像本文投稿人“cicizhong20”一样，积极向本站投稿分享好文章。
时态：可以表示过去，现在和将来的情况。它的基本特点是时态退后。
a. 同现在事实相反的假设。
句型 ： 条件从句 主句
一般过去时 should( would) +动词原形
If they were here, they would help you.
If places _____ alike, there would be little need for geographers.
A. being B. are C. be D. were
如果各地方都一样，就不需要地理学家了。（D）
b. 表示于过去事实相反的假设。
句型： 条件从句主句
过去完成时 should(would) have+ 过去分词
If she had worked harder, she would have succeeded.
The rice would not have been burnt if you had been more careful.
If my lawyer had been here last Saturday, he would have prevented me from going.
If he had come yesterday, I should / would have told him about it.
含义：He did not come yesterday, so I did not tell him about it.
If he had not been ill and missed many classes, he would have made greater progress.
含义： He was ill and missed many lessons, so he did not make greater progress.
If the policeman had arrived earlier, he would have seen the accident.
If better material had been used, the efficiency of the machine would have been much increased.
如果使用更好的材料，机器的效率会大大提高。
c. 表示对将来的假想
句型： 条件从句 主句
were+ 不定式 would + 动词原形
should+ 动词原形
If you should succeed, everything would be all right.
If you were to succeed, everything would be all right.
If it should rain tomorrow, we should have to put off the picnic.
Jean doesn't want to work right away because she thinks that if she ____ a job, she probably wouldn't be able to see her friends very often.
A) has to get B) were to get
C) had got D) could have got
吉不想立刻工作，因为她想：如果她得到一份工作，她就不能经常去看她的朋友了。(B)
2.2 混合条件句
主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间，这时主，从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同，这叫做混合条件句。
If you had asked him yesterday, you would know what to do now.
（从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反。）
If it had rained last night (过去), it would be very cold today (现在).
If I hadn't stood under the ladder to catch you when you fell , you ____ now.
A) wouldn't be smiling B) couldn't have smiled
C) won't smile D) didn't smile
你掉下来的时候，如果我没有站在梯子下面看着你，你现在就不会笑了。 (A)
2.3 虚拟条件句的倒装
虚拟条件句的从句部分如果含有were, should, 或had, 可将if省略，再把were, should或had 移到从句句首，实行倒装。
Were they here now, they could help us. =If they were here now, they could help us.
Had you come earlier, you would have met him =If you had come earlier, you would have met him.
Should it rain, the crops would be saved. =Were it to rain, the crops would be saved.
注意：
在虚拟语气的从句中，动词'be'的过去时态一律用“were”，不用was， 即在从句中be用were代替。
If I were you, I would go to look for him. 如果我是你，就会去找他。
If he were here, everything would be all right. 如果他在这儿，一切都会好的。
_____ to do the work, I should do it some other day.
A. If were I B. I were C. Were I D. Was I
答案C. 在虚拟条件状语中如果有were, should, had这三个词，通常将if省略，主语提前, 变成 were, should, had +主语的形式。但要注意，在虚拟条件状语从句中，省略连词的倒装形式的句首不能用动词的缩略形式。如我们可说 Were I not to do., 而不能说 Weren't I to do.
练习
My cat wouldn't have bitten the toy fish _____ it was made of rubber.
A) if she has known B) if she knew
C) she should have know D) had she known
如果我那只猫知道那条玩具鱼是用橡胶制作的，她就不会去咬它了。 (D）
____ for my illness I would have lent him a helping hand.
A) Not being B) Had it not been
C. Without being D) Not having been
如果不是我病了,我本来是会帮助他的。（B)
____ before we depart the day after tomorrow, we should have a wonderful dinner party.
A) Had they arrived B) Would they arrive
C) Were they arriving D) Were they to arrive
如果我们后天走之前他们到达的话，我们就举行一次丰盛的宴会。 (D）
____ right now, she would get there on Sunday.
A) Would she leave B) If she leave
C) Were she to leave C) If she had left
如果她立刻就走,她就能在星期天到达那里。(C)
Had he worked harder, he ____ the exams.
A) must have got through B) would have got through
C) would get though D) could get through
如果他学习更努力些，本来是可以通过考试的。(B)
2.5 与表示命令、建议、要求的动词连用的虚拟语气
在表示命令、建议、要求的动词(如move, intend, order, request, require, suggest, propose, command , desire, prefer, insist, urge, recommend, beg, ask, advise, decide)之后的宾语从句，或名词（如suggestion, motion， proposal, order, recommendation）之后的表语从句和同位语从句，以及it is desired, it is suggested, it is ordered 等结构之后的主语从句，谓语用动词原形或“should＋动词原形”，前者在新闻文字、外交文件、提案及口语中更为常见，美国人也较爱用前一种形式。注意这种句型中的虚拟语气形式不受主句动词时态的影响。如：
Our teacher recommends that we _____ as attentive as possible when visit the museum.
A. are B. shall C. were D. be
老师劝我们在参观博物馆时尽可能地聚精会神。 (D)
We desire that the tour leader us immediately of any change in plans.
A. inform B. informs C. informed D. has informed
如果计划有变动，希望导游立即通知我们。（A）
He suggested to tomorrow's exhibition together.
A. us go B. we went C. we shall D. we go
他建议我们明天一起去参观展览。（D）
My father didn't go to New York, the doctor suggested that he ____ there.
A. not to go B. not go
B. C. hadn't gone D. wouldn’t go
我父亲没去纽约，医生建议他不要去那儿。(B)
We are all for your proposal that the discussion ____.
A) be put off B) was put off
C) should put off D) is to put off
我们都赞成你的建议，把讨论推迟。(A)
It was proposed that the matter discussed at the next meeting.
A. will be B. was C. would D. be
有人建议这个问题在下一次会议上讨论。（D）
It is recommended that the project ____ until all the preparations have been made.
A) is not started B) will not be started
C) not be started D) is not to be started
有人提议：让所有的准备工作做好后该工程才动工。(C)
2.6 在important等形容词之后的that从句
在important, vital, essential, necessary, strange , incredible，advisable, preferable, urgent 等形容词之后的that从句，谓语用动词原形或“ should＋动词原形”：
It was essential that the application forms back before the deadline.
A. must be sent B. would be sent
C. be sent D. were sent
申请表务请在截止日期前送回。（C)
It is necessary the dictionary immediately.
A. that he will return B. that he returned
C. that he return D. that he had to return
他必须立即还那本词典。（C）
I don't think it advisable that Tim ___ to the job since he has no experience.
A) in assigned B) will be assigned
C) be assigned D) has been assigned
我认为把这工作分配给Tim是不明智的，因为他没有经验。(C)
It is vital that enough money ____ to fund the subject.
A) be collected B) must be collected
C) is collected D) can be collected
筹集足够的钱为该项目提供资金，这点至关重要。(A)
2.7 would rather, would prefer, would sooner, would (just) as soon 也用来表达主观愿望，它们之后的宾语从句，谓语用过去式
would rather, would sooner 也用来表达主观愿望，它们之后的宾语从句，谓语用过去式：
I'd rather you those important documents with you.
A. didn't take B. won't take
C. didn't take D. not take
我宁愿你身上不带那些重要文件。(C)
I'd sooner you didn't hurt Jim so much. He is still very depressed.
吉姆还很沮丧，你就不要那样伤他的心了。
To be frank, I'd rather you ____ in the case.
A) will not be involved B. not involved
c) not to be involved D. were not involved
坦诚地说,我宁愿你不要卷入这个案子。(D)
You don't have to be in such a hurry, I would rather you ___on business first.
A) would go B) will go
C) went D) have gone
你不必如此匆忙，我宁愿你先做生意。(C)
I'd rather you ___ make any comment on the issue for the time being。
A) don't B) wouldn't C) didn't D) shouldn't
我宁愿你对这个问题暂时不要发表意见。(C)
Frankly speaking, I'd rather you ____ anything about it for the time being.
A) didn't do B) haven't done
C) don't do D) have done
坦诚地说，关于这，我宁愿你目前不要做任何事情。(A)
特别需要注意的是，如果would rather, would (just) as soon 后面不接宾语从句，而是直接和动词连用，则后面接动词原型。
I would rather go there tomorrow.
He would rather not stay at home tonight.
另，It is (high) time that It is (high) time that 后面的从句谓语动词要用过去式或用should加动词原形，但should不可省略。
It is time that the children went to bed.
It is high time that the children should go to bed.
2.8 在wish之后的宾语从句，if only 引起的状语从句中，谓语动词要用虚拟语气
在wish之后的宾语从句，if only 引起的状语从句中，谓语动词要用虚拟语气。如：
He didn't go to the party, but he does wish he _____there.
A) had been B) has been
C) would have been D) would be
他没有去参加聚会，但他的确希望他去了那里。（A)
I wish I ___ longer this morning, but I had to get up and come to class.
A) could have slept B) slept
C) might have slept D) have slept
今天早上我能睡得更久些就好了，可惜我得起床去上课。(A)
Look at the situation I'm in! If only I ___ your advice.
A) follow B) had followed
C) would follow D) have followed
瞧！我的处境多么糟糕，要是我听了你的忠告就好了。(B)
If only the committee ____ the regulations and put them into effect as soon as possible.
A) approve B) will approve
C) can approve D) would approve
要是委员会能通过这些规定并使之尽快生效就好了。（D）
2.9 在as if/though引导的状语从句中，谓语可用虚拟语气，也可用陈述语气，要看句子的意义而定
（1）在as if引导的状语从句中，谓语可用虚拟语气，也可用陈述语气，要看句子的意义而定。如：
That tree looked as if it _____ for a long time.
A) hasn't watered B) didn't water
C) hadn't been watered D) wasn't watered
（C,那棵树看上去好像很久没人给它浇水了。（虚拟语气）
It looks as if it is going to rain.
好象要下雨了。（陈述语气）
（2）表示与现在事实相反或对现在事实有所怀疑，谓语用过去时；表示与过去事实相反，谓语用过去完成时。
He talks to me as if he were my brother.
He told us his early experience in New York as if he had really been a millionaire there.
They talked (are talking) as if they had been friends for years.
It seems as if it was (were) spring today.
He acts (acted) as if (though) he were (was) an expert.
1． 虚拟语气用在由as if, as though 引导的方式或让步状语从句中，一般情况下，如果主谓语动词为现在时，从句谓语多用过去时；如果主句谓语为过去时，从句谓语多用过去完成时。
虚拟语气用在 even if, even though, whatever引导的状语从句中，从句谓语可参照由if引导的.虚拟条件从句的谓语，一般用过去时或过去完成时。例如：
This old machine runs as if it were a new one.
The old worker works as though he were a young man.
Even though she had been here very soon, she would not catch the train.
Example:
He has just arrived, but he talks as if he ______ all about that.
a. know b. knows c. known d. knew
I can’t stand him. He always talks as though he _____ everything.
a. knew b. knows c. has known d. had known
______ I used a lot of examples I still could not get my idea across.
a. Since b. But that c. Now that d. Even though
2. 虚拟语气用在so that, lest （唯恐）, in case （万一）, unless, in order that（为了，以便）, that（为了，以至于）, for fear that （生怕，以免）, on condition that （如果）等引导的目的，条件状语从句中，从句谓语 may 或 might+原形动词，也有用 should, can, could+原形动词构成的。例如：
The teacher explained the law once more in order that we might understand it better.
Some people eat so that they may live. Others seem to live in order that they may eat.
一些人吃是为了生存，而另一些人似乎是活着就是为了吃。
I left him a note with my address on for fear that he should not know where to see me.
The heroes gave their lives that we might live a happy life.
为了我们过上幸福生活，英雄们献出了自己的生命。
Example:
In case I ______, I would try again.
a. will fail b. would miss c. should fail d. shall miss
You should exercise vigilance _____ you should be killed.
a. so that b. lest c. therefore d. that
3. 虚拟语气用在由 “whether” 引导的让步状语从句中，从句谓语用原形动词。例如：
All engines work on this principle, whether they be large or small.
所有发动机都按这一原理工作，无论它们是大还是小。
We must finish the work before we go home, whether it be early or late.
无论时间早晚，我们必须在回家前干完工作。
All matter, whether it be gas, liquid or solid, is made up of atoms.
所有物质，不论是气体，液体，或固体，都是由原子构成。
在此句型中，可省去 whether ，而将be放在主语前。例如：
Be it so, we must continue to do the test.
We must do our best to fulfil the task, be it ever so hard.
Example:
______ I’ll marry him all the same.
a. Were he rich or poor b. Be he rich or poor
c. Whether rich or poor d. Being rich or poor
EXERCISE
1. ______, I must do another experiment.
a. It is ever so late b. Ever so late it
c. Be it ever so late d. Whether be it ever so late
2. The young driver looked over the engine carefully lest it ______ on the way.
a. goes wrong b. would go wrong c. went wrong d. should go wrong
3. Machines are often oiled so that they ______ well.
a. ran b. runs c. should run d. running
4. Even if he ______ very busy, he would have kept on learning English.
a. had been b. was c. were d. had being
5. Supposing the weather ______ bad, where would you go?
a. is b. will be c. was d. were
6. ______, he could not succeed.
a. However, he tried that b. He tried however hard
c. However he could try d. However hard he tried
7. Even though the enemy ______ wings, they couldn’t escape from our encirclement.
a. had b. had had c. have d. has
8. She described the accident as if she ______ it herself.
a. saw b. has seen c. had seen d. sees
9. He came to meet us at the station for fear that we ______ the wrong way.
a. take b. should take c. took d. had taken
10. The car looked very dirty, as though it ______ hundreds of miles.
a. run b. runs c. has run d. had run
11. The teacher spoke slowly in order that we ______ no difficulty in following him.
a. should have b. had c. will have d. didn’t have
12. All magnets behave the same, ______ they large or small.
a. how b. are c. be d. were
13. At the beginning he didn’t want to speak English lest he _____ mistakes.
a. will make b. should make c. would make d. can
14. I remember the whole thing as if it ______ yesterday.
a. happen b. happens c. happened d. happening
15. She stayed at home for a few days so that she _____ her mother.
a. takes care of b. took care of c. might took care of d. might take care of
16. She took up the meter with care for fear that it _____ .
a. is damaged b. to be damaged c. should be damaged d. was damaged
17. In many cases the heating effect is neglected as if there ______ no flow of current along the wire.
a. are b. were c. is d. being
18. I’ll put the money on the table just in case you ______ it.
a. might need b. would need c. needed d. may have needed
19. Providing you ______ the opportunity to go abroad, which country would you want to visit first?
a. have b. will have c. had d. have had
20. The business of each day, ______ selling goods or shipping them, went quite smoothly.
a. it being b. was it c. it was d. be it
作者：王宫敏 刘石才
虚拟语气在非真实条件句中可表示与现在或客观事实相反、与过去事实相反以及与将来事实可能相反的情况。不同时态的非真实条件句采用不同的谓语形式。
1. 表示与现在或客观事实相反的非真实条件句，主句的谓语动词用“would（should， could， might）＋动词原形”，从句的谓语动词用过去式（be 的过去式一般用 were）。例如：
If he were here, I would explain to him myself. 要是他在这里我就亲自向他解释了。
If there were no water on the earth, there would be no life. 如果地球上没有水，就不会有生命。
2. 表示与过去事实相反的非真实条件句，主句的谓语动词用“would（should， could， might）＋have＋过去分词”构成，从句用“had＋过去分词”构成。例如：
I wouldn't have believed it, if I hadn't seen it happen. 要不是亲眼目睹，我决不会相信有这种事。
If I had seen him yesterday, I would have asked him for help. 如果我昨天看见他，我就向他求助了。
3. 表示与将来事实可能相反的非真实条件句，从句的谓语动词用一般过去式或用“should＋动词原形”或用“were to＋动词原形”均可，主句的谓语动词则用“would（should, might， could）+动词原形”。例如：
If we had time tomorrow, we would go with you. 如果我们明天有时间，我们就跟你去。
If I knew his address, I would tell you. 我要是知道他的地址，我就会告诉你。
4. 有时主句和从句的时态不一致，这种条件句叫做混合条件句，又叫错综时间条件句。使用错综时间条件句时要注意主句和从句的谓语动词要与它们各自的时态保持一致。例如：
If he had spoken to me just now, I would know what to do now. 假如他刚才对我说了，现在我就知道该怎么办了。
If you had followed the doctor's advice the day before yesterday, you wouldn't be ill so seriously today. 要是前天听了医生的劝告，今天你就不会病得这么厉害了。
5. 在书面语中，如果条件从句含有 were, had, should，可将连词 if 省略，再将 were, had 或 should 移至句首，构成非真实条件句的倒装语序。例如：
Had you been here just now, you would have met her. 你要是刚才在这儿，就见到她了。
Were I not busy, I would have come. 假如我不忙，我就会来了。
虚拟语气2--在 wish 后的宾语从句中
II. 虚拟语气用在 wish 后的宾语从句中虚拟语气用在wish后的宾语从句中，（常常省去连词that），表示不可能实现的`愿望。
1． 表示与现在事实相反的愿望
构成：主语 + wish (that) + 从句主语 + 动词过去式 （be 一律用were）
例如：
I wish I knew everything in the world.
I wish that the experiment were a success.
We wish we had wings. 我们希望有翅膀。
Example:
I wish it ______ not so cold outside.
A. shall be B. be C. were D. is
I wish I ______ you better.
A. know B. knew C. will know D. have known
2． 表示与过去事实相反的愿望
构成：主语 + wish (that) + 从句主语 + would/could + have + 过去分词或had + 过去分词
例如：
I wish that you had called yesterday.
I wish that I could have gone with you last night.
I didn’t go to the party, but I do wish I had been there.
Example:
I wish you ______ such a great deal of fuss.
A. were not caused B. had not caused
C. have not caused D. are not caused
I wish that you ______ such a bad headache because I’m sure that you would have enjoyed the concert.
A. hadn’t had B. hadn’t C. didn’t have D. hadn’t have
3． 表示将来不大可能实现的愿望
构成：主语 + wish (that) + 从句主语 + would/should/could/might + 原形动词
例如：
I wish that he could try again.
I wish that someday I should live on the moon.
We wish that they would come soon.
Example:
I wish that we ______ with my brother when he flies to England next week.
A. could go B. had gone C. will go D. are going
EXERCISE
1. I wish you ______ like that.
a. don’t talk b. wouldn’t talk c. won’t talk d. not to talk
2. I wish I _____ how to operate the machine.
a. have known b. know c. can know d. knew
3. He is not a millionaire but he _____ he were.
a. wishes b. hopes c. longs d. believes
4. I wish that I ______ visit my uncle the day after tomorrow.
a. shall b. have c. would d. am going to
5. I wish it ______ spring all the year round.
a. will be b. were c. be d. is
6. I wish I _____ to that university with you yesterday.
a. would go b. went c. did go d. had gone
7. I left very early last night, but I wish I ______ so early.
a. didn’t leave b. hadn’t left c. haven’t left d. couldn’t leave
8. Nancy sometimes wishes that she ______ in the big city.
a. was not living b. did not lived c. were not living d. does not live
9. James wishes he ______ the football game instead of the film.
a. had seen b. saw c. had been seen d. see
10. While you’re here, I wish ______ have a look around the house.
a. you’ll b. you’ve c. you’d d. you better
11. Looking back on it, I wish you ______ me first.
a. asked b. have asked c. ask d. had asked
12. “Do you want me to lend you some money?”
“I wish you ______. I would pay you back next week.”
a. should b. would c. did d. might
13. I wished it ______ but it did.
a. had not occurred b. would not occur
c. was not occurred d. did not occur
14. He didn’t go to her birthday party, but he does wish he ______ there.
a. has been b. would be c. had been d. would have been
15. “These typewritten papers are very neat.”
“I wish I ______ type too, but I don’t know how.”
a. can b. may c. will d. could
补充资料 宾语从句中的虚拟语气
补充资料：虚拟语气(should)+动词原形
that宾语从句需用(should)+动词原形表示虚拟的动词；
advise, recommend, propose, suggest, insist, command, mandate, direct, order, ask, demand, request, require, insist, maintain, move, refer, desire, urge, vote
that不可以省略；should可以省略；
以上动词的同词根名词在that同位语从句和表语从句需用(should)+动词原形，如： insistence, reference, recommendation, suggestion, proposal, motion, desire, requirement, request, order, necessity, regulation, rule, resolution, understanding
以上动词的同词根形容词及分词在that主语从句需用(should)+动词原形，如： advisable, desirable, insistent, referable, urgent, appropriate, compulsory, crucial, essential, imperative, important, natural, necessary, obligatory, possible, probable, proper, strange, vital, advised, arranged, commanded, demanded, desired, ordered, proposed, recommended, requested, required, suggested
举例：insist的用法
1. 表示“坚持说；坚决认为(多与别人的观点不同)”，接that从句(从句的'动作为已发生之事)，从句使用陈述语气。
(1)She insisted that he was wrong. 她坚持认为他错了
(2)He insisted that he had done right. 他坚决认为自己做对了
2. 表示“坚决主张；坚持要求”，接that从句(从句的动作为将要发生之事)，谓语多为 should型的虚拟语气，即：主语+ should(可省略)+动词原形。如： He insisted that we (should) accept these gifts. 他一定要我们收下这些礼物。 Jane insisted that he be present. 简坚持要他出席。
区别主要还是在于“insist”在句中所表达的意思。
练一练：
1．I insisted he ___ back the wallet to the lady, but he insisted he ___it.
A. handed; didn’t steal B. hand; hadn’t stolen
C. hand; not steal C. handed; hadn’t stolen
2． He insisted that the earth _补充资料 宾语从句中的虚拟语气_______ around the sun.
A．went B．goes C．go D．should go
3． Little Tony insisted that his mother _____ him to school.
A．send B．sent
C．sends D．send in
4．He insisted that his plan _______ carried out at once.
A．would be B．could be
C．was D．should be
5． I insisted that he_______ at once.
A．leave B．left C．leaves D．leaving
6．. She insisted that she ______ somebody in the house.
A．should hear B．heard
C．hear D．was heard
虚拟语气3--虚拟语气用在其它名词从句中
III. 虚拟语气用在其它名词从句中1． 虚拟语气用在 suggest, demand, insist, ask, move, advise. desire, order, propose, require, recommend, request, maintain, vote 等表示建议，命令，请求的动词后的宾语从句中，从句的'谓语用 should + 原形动词，但美国英语中常要省去 should 。例如：
I suggest we start at once.
They propose that you (should) read the rules carefully.
The commander ordered that the soldier fire at the enemy.
He insisted that he go there on foot.
I move that the meeting be adjourned. 我提议休会. move:(在会议上)提议，动议
Example:
He insisted that we all ______ in his office at one o’clock.
a. be b. to be c. would be d. shall be
He asked that it ______ done right away.
a. is b. be c. shall be d. must be
He recommended that John ______ with him.
a. must go b. went c. will go d. go
2． 虚拟语气用在 It is + 形容词（或过去分词）+ that... .的主语从句中，表示要求，建议，提议，命令，请求等，英国英语中从句的谓语用“should + 原形动词（或完成式）构成”，而美国英语中则要求用原形动词。该句型中常用的形容词或过去分词有：
advisable, desirable, essential, important, better, keen, natural, necessary, probable, possible, strange, vital, desired, demanded, requested, suggested, recommended, required 等。例如：
It is necessary that the machine (should) be oiled once a week.
It is important that everyone (should) obey the law.
It is suggested that you take a walk after supper.
Example:
It is necessary that he ______ in time to attend the meeting.
a. come b. came c. would come d. need come
It was proposed that the matter ______ discussed at the next meeting.
a. would be c. will be c. was d. be
It is strange that she ______ in the last examination.
a. should have failed b. have failed c. would fail d. failed
3． 虚拟语气用在与表示建议，要求，提议，命令，请求等意思有关的同位语从句和表语从句中，英国英语中要求从句谓语用“ should + 原形动词”，而美国英语中则要求用原形动词， 但在 as if, as though引导的表语从句中，从句中谓语用动词过去式或过去完成式，表示对现在或过去的虚拟。例如：
He complied with the requirement that the experiment (should) be done tomorrow.
他同意明天再做实验的要求。
He looks as if he were tired.他面带倦容。
We agree to the suggestion that they (should) work on night shifts in turn.
我们同意轮流值夜班的建议。
His order is that you (should) send the materials to the work site at once.
他的命令是你们要把材料立即送到工地。
Example:
Your advice that she ______ till next week is reasonable.
a. will wait b. is going to wait c. waits d. wait
Jane appears as though she ______ the secret.
a. knows b. has known c. had known d. knew
He looked as if he______ ill for a long time.
a. was b. were c. has been d. had been
4． 虚拟语气用在 It is (high, about) time (that) 句型中，定语从句中谓语用动词过去式，意指将来。例如：
It is time (that) we went home.
It is high time we had the meeting.
It is time you left.
It is time that I was off.
注：如果主语是单数第一，三人称，动词 be常用 was 。
Example:
We’ve been sitting here doing nothing about it for days. It’s time we ______ the problem.
a. shook hands with b. got to brass tacks with
c. got to grips with d. reached the bottom of
词组 get (or come) to grips with 为“开始努力对付”。
It is high time we _______ off.
a. are b. were c. be d. will be
It is ______ we did something about redecorating the sitting room.
a. high time b. long time c. good time d. full-time
EXERCISE
1. The doctor suggested that he ______ a short leave of absence.
a. will take b. would take c. take d. took
2. We demand that atomic weapons ____ .
a. be prohibited b. will be prohibited c. are prohibited d. ought to be prohibited
3. It was suggested that transistors _____ in such devices.
a. should be used b. should use c. can be used d. were using
4. The tutor recommended that she _______ this book.
a. must buy b. buy c. should have bought d. buys
5. The housemaster was strict. He requested that we ______ television on week nights.
a. not watch b. must not to watch c. not be watching d. have not watched
6. My father did not go to New York, the doctor suggested that he ______ there.
a. not to go b. won’t be c. not go d. not go to
7. I demanded that the students each ______ a plan for the summer vacation.
a. would make b. will make c. make d. made
8. It is surprising enough that such a horrible thing ____ there.
a. happened b. will happen c. should happen d. has happened
9. It was urgent that she ______ the master immediately.
a. call b. calls c. called d. would call
10. He looks as if he _____ nothing about it before.
a. knows b. had known c. has known d. wouldn’t know
11. My idea is that we ______ the challenge.
a. ought accept b. will accept c. accept d. are accepted
12. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west, so it seems as if the sun ______ round the earth.
a. is circling b. has circled c. should circle d. were circling
13. It was suggested at the meeting that effective measures _______ to solve the problem.
a. be taken b. must be taken c. were taken d. take
14. It’s advisable that he ______ with a clearly defined goal in mind.
a. must go b. go c. will go d. goes
15. It seemed as if all of sudden the animal _____ danger in the air.
a. has smelt b. had smelt c. smelt d. would smell
16. It is better that the book ______ on the low stool.
a. put b. puts c. should be put d. be put
17. He moved that the
Ⅲ 虚拟语气
that从句中:
wish, would rather (sooner), had better:
i wish i were as strong as you.
i wish i had paid more attention to our pronunciation.
i wish i remembered the address.
i would rather they came tomorrow (you had gone there too).
i had rather (that) you told him than i did.
suggest, order, demand, propose, command, request, desire, insist 等动词后的宾语从句:
the commander ordered that all civilians (should) be evacuated.
he asked that he be given an opportunity to try.
she urged that he write and accept the post.
it is desired, it is suggested, it is requested, it was ordered, it was proposed, it is necessary, it is important, it has been decided 等结构后的主语从句中.
it was arranged that they leave the following week
it will be better that we meet some other time.
suggestion, motion, proposal, order, recommendations, plan, idea等后面的表语从句和同位语从句:
his sole requirement is (was) that thy system be adjusted.
一、情态动词的过去式用于现在时态时，表示说话人的谦虚、客气、有礼貌、或委婉的语气，常用于日常会话中（即两个人面对面讲话，用的不是现在时态而是过去式）。如：
⑴.Would you be kind enough to show me the way to the post office?请你告诉我去邮局的路好吗？
⑵.It would be better for you not to stay up too late.你最好别熬夜到很晚。
二、表祝愿。
1、常用“may+动词原形”表示祝愿、但愿，此时may须置于句首（多用于正式文体中）。
⑴、May good luck be yours!祝你好运！
⑵、May you be happy!祝你快乐！
⑶、May you do even better!祝你取得更大成就！
⑷、May you have a good time. 祝愿你玩的痛快。
⑸、May the friendship between us last long. 祝愿我们的友情天长地久。
⑹、May you be happy. (注意那个be ) 祝你幸福。
2、用动词原形。例如：
(1).Long live the people! 人民万岁！
(2).“God bless you,”said the priest.牧师说：“愿上帝保佑你！”
(3).Have a good journey! 祝愿你旅途愉快！
三、表示强烈愿望。（该类型虚拟语气谓语仅用动词原形，第三人称单数也不加“s”）
(1).God save me．
(2).Heaven help us．
四、表命令
1.命令虚拟语气只能用在第二人称(you)，而且通常省略主语(也就是you)。
2.句子尾通常加上感叹号：！
3.虚拟语气动词用一般现在时态(Simple Present)，如：work, be , go
4.否定形式的命令语气，可用助动词do，加上not。
(1). Work !
(2). Work harder !
(3). Be more alert ! (虚拟语气动词Be)
(4). You go out !
(5). Do not work so hard. (do not 表示否定的虚拟语气)
(6). Don't be afraid. (口语中常用don't 代替do not)
五、在一些习惯表达中。如：
(1).You’d better set off now.你最好现在就出发。
(2).I’d rather not tell you the secret.我情愿不告诉你这个秘密。
名词性从句中的虚拟语气
第一部分：宾语从句(Subordinate Clasue)中的虚拟语气
一、在动词wish后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气
在动词wish后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气，常省去宾语从句的引导词that。
一）、对现在情况的虚拟（与现在的事实相反）：
从句用过去式或过去进行式(时间上是同时的)。其句子结构为：宾语从句的谓语be和were(was)，实义动词用过去式。例：
1. I wish (that可省略,下同)I knew the answer to the question.
(wish, 动词过去式knew)我希望知道这个答案。(事实上是不知道)
2. I wish it were spring in my hometown all the year around.
(wish, were)但愿我的家乡四季如春。(事实上不可能)
3. I wish I were a bird.(wish, were)但愿我是只小鸟。(事实上不可能)
4. When she was at the party,she wished she were at home.
(wished,过去虚拟动词were)(事实上并不在家)
5. Now that he is in China, he wishes he understood Chinese.(wishes,过去虚拟动词understood)
现在他在中国，他希望能懂得中文。(事实上并不懂)
6. When we begin the trip, they will wish they were with us.(will wish,过去虚拟动词were)(事实上并不和我们在一起)
二）、对过去情况的虚拟（和过去的事实相反）：
用wish表示对过去事情的遗憾。其句子结构为：宾语从句的谓语用过去完成时，或would, could, might+现在完成时。注意：wish这个单词的时态是很灵活的。例：
1. I wish (that可省略，下同)I hadn't wasted so much time.
我后悔不该浪费这么多时间。(事实上已浪费了)
2. He wishes he hadn't lost the chance. 他真希望没有失去机会。(其实已失去)
3. We wished he had spoken to us. (wished，had + spoken)(事实上他并没同我们讲)
4. I wish you had called earlier. (wish, had + called)(事实上已迟了)
5. They will wish they had listened to us sooner.
(will wish,had + listened)(事实上并不如此)
例题分析：I wish I ______ longer this morning, but I had to get up and come to class.
A. could have slept B. slept C. might have slept D. have slept
解析：动词wish后面接从句，表达不可能实现或与事实相反的情况时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气，即用过去式（表示现在发生的动作）或过去完成式（表示过去发生的动作）。本题后半句谓语动词have用的是过去时had to get up and come, 所以前面要用过去完成时表示过去发生的动作。所以, 选项A)could have slept是答案。
三）、对将来情况的虚拟(表示将来的主观愿望)：
从句动词“would/should/could/might + 动词原形”(时间上较后)
(请注意：主句和从句的主语不相同)。用wish表示对将来事情的愿望。例：
1. I wish it would stop raining.(虚拟动词would+动词原形stop)
我希望雨能停止。(事实上雨还在下着呢)
2. I wish you would be quiet.(would + be)
我希望你安静一些。(事实上那家伙还在吵着呢)
3. You wished she would arrive the next day.(would + arrive)
你希望她第二天会到。(事实上她还没到)
4. I wish she would change her mind.(would + change)
我希望她会改变主意。(呵呵，女孩子可没那么容易就改变主意)
5. He will wish we would join him the following week.(would + join)
(只是希望我们和他在一起，实际上还没在一起)
四）、注意：
1.如果将wish改为过去式wished, 其后that 从句中的动词形式不变。例如：
I wished I hadn't spent so much money.
我要是那时没有花掉那么多钱就好了。
2. 如果that 从句中用would , 一般表示对现状不满或希望未来有所改变或请求
I wish he would answer my letter.
I wish prices would come down.
I wish you would help me.
I wish you would stop asking silly questions.
练习一：
1.The boy acted ____ he had never lived in Canada before.
A. as though B. even if C. as D. since
2. ____ to the doctor right away, he might have been alive.
A. If he went B. Were he gone C. Should he have gone D. Had he gone
3. If you were older, I ____ you to go there yesterday.
A. will allow B. should allow C. would have allowed D. had allowed
4. The secretary suggested that they ____ the men in at once.
A. had brought B. should have brought C. brought D. bring
5. I wish I ____ able to tell him all about it last night.
A. was B. were C. had been D. should be
6. If we ____ here ten minutes earlier, we ___ the bus.
A. arrived/would catch B. arrived/would have caught
C. had arrived/had caught D. had arrived/would have caught
7. If I ____ more time, I would have gone with him.
A. had B. had had C. have had D. would have
8. He was very busy yesterday, otherwise he ____ to the meeting.
A. would come B. came C. would have come D. had come
9. The Jade Emperor ordered that the Monkey King _____ right away.
A. would be arrested B. must be arrested C. be arrested D. had to be arrested
10. Jane’s uncle insisted ____ in this hotel any longer.
A. not staying B. not to stay C. that he not stay D. staying not
11. Don’t touch the sleeping tiger. If he woke up, he _____ you.
A. would come to B. would come at C. would have come toward D. will come to
12. Without electricity human life _____ quite different today.
A. is B. will be C. would have been D. would be
13. How I wish I ____ to repair the watch! I only made it worse.
A. had tried B. hadn’t tried C. have tried D. didn’t try
14. He demanded that the laboratory report ___ immediately after the experiment was done.
A. was written B. be written C. must be written D. would be written
15. The man insisted that he _____ there.
A. should send B. would be sent C. sent D. be sent
16. If he had not gone out in the storm _____.
A. he will be alive now B. he would be alive now
C. he would have been alive now
17. If it ___ tomorrow, what would we do?
A. rains B. were to rain C. would rain D. rain
18. It is required that you ____ at six.
A. will arrive B. arrive C. arrived D. would arrive
19. If only I _____ how to operate an electronic computer as you do.
A. had known B. would know C. should know D. knew
20. He spoke in a quiet, distinct voice, as though his thought _____.
A. was far away B. had been far away C. were far away D. went far away.
21. If it ___ rain, we ___ get wet.
A. is to, should B. were to, would
C. were going to, would D. was going to, should
22. If he ___ to the teacher attentively, he ___ the answer to the problem now.
A. had listened, would have known B. listened, would know
C. listened, would have known D. had listened, would know
23. But for the party, he ___ of hunger 30 years ago.
A. would have died B. would die C. must have died D. must die
24. ___ today, he would get there for holiday.
A. Was he leaving B. Were he to leave C. Would he leave D. If he leaves
25. I would have come earlier, but I ___ that you were waiting for me.
A. didn’t know B. hadn’t know C. would have known D. haven’t known
26. It’s high time that we ___ to school.
A. would to B. went C. go D. will go
27. It seems as if it ___ rain.
A. will to B. is going to C. is to D. were going to
28. I’d rather you ___ right away.
A. leave B. left C. will leave D. to leave
29. He is working hard for fear that he ___.
A. fails B. failed C. would fail D. fail
30. It is really strange that the girl ___ so early.
A. has been married B. has married C. be married D. would marry
31. Supposing I ___ this gift, what would he say?
A. accept B. accepted C. should accept D. would accept
32. The teacher agreed to the suggestion that the students ___ two weeks to prepare for the exam.
A. give B. should give C. be given D. would be given
33. I was busy yesterday, otherwise I ___ your birthday party.
A. attended B. had attended C. would attend D. would have attended
34. He insisted that he ___ me before.
A. see B. should see C. had seen D. saw
35. The two strangers talked as if they ___ friends for years.
A. were B. would be C. have been D. had been
36. We ___ our lives had it not been for the policeman.
A. would have lost B. should lose C. might lose D. could have lost
37. ---- I thought you would come back tomorrow.
---- I would if I ___ to attend a meeting.
A. don’t have B. didn’t have C. will not have D. would not have
38. He wishes ___ mistakes.
A. he doesn’t always make B. he isn’t always making
C. he didn’t always make D. he wouldn’t always making
39. It ___ very nice if only it were possible.
A. will be B. would be C. is D. were
40. Without your help, our team ___ the last match.
A. won’t win B. will lose C. wouldn’t have won D. can’t win
41. I wish I ___ what to do.
A. knew B. have known C. know D. would know
42. ___, I would take an umbrella with me.
A. Had I been you B. I were you C. Were I you D. I had been you
43. If I had hurried, I ___ the train.
A. would catch B. could catch C. would have caught D. had caught
44. He insisted that John ___ it.
A. do B. does C. did D. would do
45. It is high time we ___ off.
A. are B. were C. be D. will be
46. He felt as if he ___ more time to study for the test.
A. needs B. were needed C. needed D. need
47. It is important that I ___ with Mr. Williams immediately.
A. speak B. spoke C. will speak D. to speak
48. James wishes he ___ the football game instead of the film.
A. saw B. see C. had been seen D. had seen
49. I wish ___.
A. he left B. he leaves me alone C. he be left D. he would leave me alone
50. If I had known that, I ___ so.
A. wouldn’t do B. wouldn’t have done C. won’t do D. have not done
51. The doctor suggested that she ___.
A. will not smoke B. not smoke C. would not smoke D. did not smoke
52. If I ___ you, I wouldn’t return the call.
A. be B. am C. was D. were
53. You talk as if you ___ there.
A. were really B. has really been C. had really been D. would really be
54. He suggested that the work ___ at once.
A. would started B.would be started C.should started D. should be started
55. It is strange that such a thing ___ in your school.
A. will happen B. happens C. should happen D. happened
56. It is imperative that you ___ on time.
A. are B. will be C. be D. would be
57. I didn’t go to the party, but I do wish I ___ there.
A. was B. were C. had been D. went
58. It is time we ___ up our results.
A. sum B. summed C. will sum D. would sum
59. If the doctor had been available, the child ___.
A. would not die B. would not have died C. could not die D. could not have died
60. Dr. Bethune worked hard as if he ___.
A. never had felt tired B. had never felt tired
C. never felt tired D. was tired never
虚拟语气专项练习一参考答案
1.A 2. D 3. C 4. D 5. C 6. D 7. B 8. C 9. C 10. C
11. B 12. D 13. B 14. B 15. D 16. B 17. B 18. B 19. D 20. B
21.B 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. A 26. B 27. B 28. B 29. D 30. C
31. B 32. C 33. D 34. C 35. D 36. A 37. B 38. C 39. B 40. C
41. A 42. C 43. C 44. A 45. B 46. C 47. A 48. D 49. D 50. B
51. B 52. D 53. C 54. D 55. C 56. C 57. C 58. B 59. B 60.B
Unit 1 Art
一、短语集锦
1) 详细地 in detail
2) 集中精力 concentrate on
3) 对……的看法 attitude to/towards
4) 拥有 take possession of
5) 使某人信服 convince sb of/that
6) 巧合 by coincidence
7) 大量 a great deal (of)
8) 脱离、摆脱 break away from
9) 渴望 be eager for sth/ to do sth
10) 接受……为 accept … as…
11) 也就是说 that is (to say)
12) 尝试、企图 attempt to do
13) 本人 in the flesh
14) 一束鲜花 a bunch of flowers
15) 宁愿…而不愿…would rather do…than do…; prefer to do… rather than do…
16) 偏爱 have a preference for
17) 吸引、恳求 appeal to
18) 各种各样的 a variety of
二、句型汇集
1) 显然，这是我最不想做的一件事情。(evident)
It is evident that this is the last thing I want to do.
2）我相信我将会拥有灿烂的未来。(convince)
I’m convinced that I will embrace a bright future.
3）我宁愿亲自送她去上海浦东国际机场。(would rather)
I would rather walk her to Shanghai Pudong International Airport myself.
4）他一直在努力着让世界变得更美好，真实太了不起了。(amazing)
It is amazing that he is always trying to make the world a better place to live.
Unit 2 Poems
一、短语集锦
1) 列举 make a list of
2) 给某人留下印象 leave/make an impression on sb
3) 传递某种感情 convey certain emotions
4) 表达自己的思想 express oneself
5) 有道理、有意义 make sense
6) 放松，不要紧张 take it easy
7) 用完，消耗光 run out (of sth)
8) 由……组成 be made up of/ consist of
9) 受……欢迎 be popular with
10) 把A翻译成B translate A into B
11) 尤其、特别 in particular
12) 从……中挑选 choose from
13) 值得 be worth + n / doing sth
14) 碰巧 by chance/ accident
15) 在……底端 at the bottom of
16) 测试；试验 try out
17) 发出；释放 let out
二、句型汇集
1）明星受年轻人的欢迎有各种各样的原因。(why)
There are various reasons why pop stars are popular with young people.
2）杭州西湖的美景给我留下了非常深刻的印象。(impression)
The beauty of the West Lake in Hangzhou has left a good impression on me.
3）如果你要买字典的话，有很多可供挑选。(choose)
If you want to buy a dictionary, there are many to choose from.
Unit 3 A healthy life
一、词汇集锦
1) 在压力下 under stress
2) 与……分享 share … with…
3) 对……挑剔 be particular about
4) 在两周之后 in two weeks time
5) 由于 due to
6) 放弃 give up
7) 对……上瘾 be addicted to sth/ doing
8)习惯于 be accustomed to sth/ doing
9) 脾气暴躁的 bad-tempered
10) 重复；一再 over and over again
11) 对……产生影响 have effect on
12) 损坏；破坏 do damage to
13) 停止做某事 quit doing
14) 决定；选定 decide on
15) 从……中获益 benefit from
16) 扔掉 throw away
17) 想要（做） feel like sth/ doing
18) 提醒某人做 remind sb of sth/ to do/that
19) 代替 instead of
20) 不管；不顾 in spite of
21) 冒险 take risks
22) 养成做某事的习惯 get into the habit of
23) 与病魔作斗争 fight disease
24) 患上艾滋病 develop AIDS
25) 感染 get infected with
26) 可能…… It is likely that; be likely to do
27) 对……紧张 be nervous about
二、句型汇集
1） 感到惊奇吧，像我这样的年龄感到仍然很健康。(amazing)
It seems amazing that at my age I am still fit.
2） 你发现要放弃吸烟很困难。(find it …)
You find it difficult to give up smoking.
3） 我不知道你是谁，我也不在乎。(neither do I…)
I don’t know who you are and neither do I care.
4） 我想让你和我一样过上幸福美满的生活。(as…as)
I want you to live as happy a life as I have.
5） 每次你想放弃的时候，提醒你自己你周围的人们都在关心着你。(every time…)
Every time you feel like giving up, remind yourself that the people around you are concerned about you.
6） 覆水难收。(It is no good/use…)
It is no good crying over spilt milk.
7） 如果你感染了HIV，你很有可能会死。(…likely…)
It’s likely that you will die if you get infected with HIV.
Unit 4 Global warming
一、短语集锦
1) 全球气候变暖 global warming
2) 依赖 depend on
3) 比作/比较 compare…to…
4) 发生 come about
5) 人类活动 human activity
6) 赞同；订购 subscribe to
7) 温室效应 greenhouse effect
8) 大量的 a quantity of/quantities of
9) 上升 go up
10) 导致 result in
11) 反对 be opposed to
12) 积累；建立 build up
13) 即使 even if
14) 继续做 keep on doing
15) 扫视；撇一下 glance at
16) 大体上 on the whole
17) 代表 on behalf of
18) 提倡（做……） advocate + n/doing/that
19) 产生影响；起作用make a difference to…
20) 容忍 put up with
21) ……的结果 as a result of
22) 开始做某事 get started with
23) 电气设备 electrical appliances
24) 只要 so/as long as
25) 对……随意 be casual about
26) 等等 and so on
27) 使某人精神振作 refresh one’s spirit
28) 你的贡献很有价值 Your contribution counts.
二、句型汇集
1） 和他的工作相比较，她的要好得多。(compare…)
Compared to/with his work, hers is much better.
2） 毫不疑问，引起全球变暖的是人类的活动。(it is … that…)
There is no doubt that it is human activity that has caused the global warming.
3） 我代表我的学校向从欧洲远道而来的各位表示热烈的欢迎。(on behalf of)
On behalf of my school, I’d like to extend my warm welcome to all of you coming all the way from Europe.
4） 每个人都可以对这个世界产生巨大的影响。(make a difference)
Every individual can make a big difference to the whole world.
5） 每一秒钟都很重要（争分夺秒）。(count)
Every second counts.
Unit 5 The power of nature
一、短语集锦
1) 考虑做……；被认为……consider doing; be considered to be/ to have done
2) 保护……免受…… protect … from…
3) 想象做…… imagine doing
4) 适合 be suitable for
5) 也；和 as well as
6) 组成make up
7) 遍及全世界 all over the world
8) 科学设备 scientific equipment
9) 被任命为…… be appointed as
10) 被……覆盖 be covered with
11) 全部焚毁 burn…to the ground
12) 睡得很熟 be fast asleep
13) 正要做…这时…be about to do…when…
14) 亮如白昼 as bright as day
15) 在远处 in the distance
16) 前往 make one’s way to …
17) 对……怀着热情 be enthusiastic about
18) 对……感到惊讶 be amazed at
19) 使某人大吃一惊 take sb by surprise
20) 匆匆看一遍glance through
21) 自然保护区 nature reserve
22) 由……到……不等 vary from…to…
23) 是……的家乡/发源地be home to
24) 多种多样的 a great diversity of
25) 生小孩；引起 give birth to
26) 有……的天赋 have a gift for sth
二、句型汇集
1） 他被认为发明了第一台计算机。(consider)
He is considered to have invented the first computer.
2） 在完成了我的家庭作业之后，我前往了当地的自然保护区。(Having done…)
Having finished my homework, I made my way to the local nature reserve.
3） 昨天我正要送女儿去幼儿园，这时我的一个朋友顺道来看我了。(be about to…when…)
Yesterday I was about to walk my daughter to the kindergarten when my friend dropped in on me.
4） 他们肯定会同意我的观点。(certain)
It’s certain that they will subscribe to my view.
They will certain to subscribe to my view.
5） 感到很疲倦，他一回家就上床睡觉了。(V+ing)
Feeling exhausted, he went to bed as soon as he got home.
一、虚拟语气用于定语从句中
在It is (high, about)time(that)…句型中，that引导的定语从句中的谓语常用一般过去时来构成虚拟语气。
例：It’s about time that we put an end to this controversy.
现在该是我们停止这场争论的时候了。
例：It is time we went to bed.
我们该去睡觉了。
二、虚拟语气用于if only 引导的从句中
在if only引导的从句中，谓语动词须采用虚拟语气，其用法与wish后宾语从句的用法基本相同，表示“但愿”，“要是…就好了”的意思。
例：If only I knew what you wanted.
要是我知道你需要什么就好了。
例：If only he had arrived in time,he would not have been punished.
他要是准时到达就好了。
经典练习：
1、It’s already six o’clock now. Don’t you think it’s about time____?
A)we are going home
B)we go home
C)we went home
D)we can go home
2、If only the committee____the regulations and put them into effect as soon as possible.
A)approve
B)will approve
C)can approve
D)would approve
3、It’s necessary____the dictionary immediately.
A)that he will return
B)that he returned
C)that he return
D)that he has to return
4、She must have had an accident, or he____then.
A)would have been here
B)had to be here
C)should be here
D)would be here
5、I apologize if I ____you, but I assure you it was unintentional.
A)offended
B)had offended
C)should have offended
D)might have offended
解析：
1、答案选C)。在it’s about time that…..句型中，定语从句的谓语动词应用过去时来表示虚拟语气。所以C项是正确的。
2、答案选D)。if only表示一种愿望，谓语用“would+动词原形”表示对将来事实的愿望，所以D是正确的。
3、答案选C)。在由it is necessary 等引导的主语从句要使用虚拟语气，虚拟语气的谓语动词用“should+动词原形”或动词原形。
4、答案选A)。由or引出的是与事实相反的假设条件，因此空缺处应填入表示虚拟语气的谓语动词。前一个分句中表示的是过去的时间，所以后一分句要用would have done的形式。所以A是正确的。
5、答案选B)。本题中but分句中的it was 表明事情发生在过去，因此条件句应用过去完成时，表示与过去事实相反，所以B是正确的。
★ 虚拟语气课件
★ 虚拟语气讲解
★ 虚拟语气语法
