复习资料的收集及获取

2023-01-15 08:05:57| 收藏本文下载本文作者：今天也是疯狂的

下面是小编整理的复习资料的收集及获取（共含3篇），欢迎您阅读分享借鉴，希望对您有所帮助。同时，但愿您也能像本文投稿人“今天也是疯狂的”一样，积极向本站投稿分享好文章。

复习资料的收集及获取

篇1：考研复习资料的收集及获取办法

考研复习资料的收集及获取办法

研究生入学考试报名工作结束后，下一步就是考研冲刺复习了。“凡事预则立，不预则废”，因此，考研之前必须要认真制定一个比较完善的准备方案。一般来说，准备考研无外乎包括以下几个方面：复习资料的选择，学习计划的制定，辅导班的选择，备考关键时期最新相关信息的收集，备考关键时期情绪心理方面的调节。

(一)考研复习资料的确定

考研目标确定以后，接下来要做的就是根据所要报考学校的要求去准备一些相关资料。但是现在考研难度越来越大，复习也越来越专，因此离开考研资料，复习几乎是寸步难行了。不过考研资料林林总总，五花八门，哪一本才是最好的呢?

考研复习资料的分类

要准确的选择，首先要有深入的了解。一般来说，考研复习资料根据内容、用途和针对性的不同，可以分为以下几大类：全真试题、考试大纲、专业教材以及各种考研辅导书和内部资料。

全真试题包括历年考研政治、英语、数学试题和所报考专业的专业试题。这些试题对于考生体会出题思路、强化答题技巧、了解命题重点等意义重大。属考研必看资料之一。提醒一点就是专业课试题，专业课试题一般可先向报考学校咨询，部分学校在网上会公布历年专业课试题，也有学校还可提供邮购服务。

考试大纲是规定研究生入学考试公共科目考查知识点及考试题型等重要信息的纲领性文件，由国家教育部考试中心每年4、5月份组织专家会议进行修订后由高等教育出版社公开出版发行。政治大纲每年变动较大;英语、数学大纲则相对稳定。

专业教材一般需要向招生院系获得，可先参考学校公布的参考书目，然后按照书目去购买即可，一般书店都有卖。

考研辅导书是指考研政治、英语、数学、日语、俄语、中医、西医等全国统考科目的复习指导书，品种多，数量大，每年市面上大概有上百种之多，其中不乏精品，如政治方面著名的“任汝芬序列之一、之二、之三”，像这样口碑较好的书籍，它的质量是相对可靠的。当然，与此相反也有一批东拼西凑、挂名出书的误人之作。

内部资料是指比较权威的专业考研辅导机构用于配合授课辅导、课后练习、模拟冲刺训练的全套内部资料。

全真试题、考试大纲、专业教材质量都有保证，比较乱的是一些考研机构的辅导书和内部资料。考研复习辅导书是针对考研政治理论、英语、数学、中西医综合科目等全国统考科目的复习而编写的正式出版物，是考研资料中最重要也最庞杂的一个体系。现在北京市面上仅公开出版的考研公共课程(政治、英语、数学等)考研用书就不下200种，再加上专业课程辅导资料和其他一些用书，总计可能在300种左右。这些辅导书籍给了广大考生更多的选择和帮助，但不可否认，其中一些资料是草草编撰而成的，因而逻辑混乱质量很差。至于内部资料就更加混乱，尽管几乎每家辅导机构多少都有几册，但从编写质量到印刷包装质量，却有天壤之别。

(二)鉴别资料优劣的四大标准

1，是否按最新大纲编写

每年公共科目的考试大纲都要作一些变动，有时变动大，有时变动小，有些科目变动大，有些科目变动小。通常考研政治大纲变动较大，例如变动考点120多处，更是变动192处，也变动数百处，变化更甚。如此剧烈变动使得大纲出台前出版的政治资料没有任何价值，因此强烈建议大纲修订完成后(6、7月左右)一、两个月再选购政治资料，因为资料相应的修订、出版也还需要一个周期。凡此前市面上出现的政治资料，往往是根据前一年旧大纲编写的，一律不能买。

2，是否符合复习规律

每一科的复习都具有明显的轮次，一般是三轮，每一轮又各有特点，资料也应具有相应的针对性。因此，第一轮复习不要轻易购买什么“冲刺”、“模拟”之类的辅导书;最后一轮复习也不要回头去买什么“大全”。最好是能按照复习进度选购相应的一套资料，效果会比较好。

3，时效性

最典型的就是时事政治。每年要到9月份等党和国家重大会议结束以后，时政内容才能大体确定，再花上一段时间整理编纂，最快也要到10月才成熟。9、10月份就迫不及待摆上市场的往往内容不全、重点混乱或粗制滥造。

4，编写质量

这是判断一本考研资料好坏标准的核心。鉴别方法之一是考生根据自己最为熟悉的内容对同类书进行比较，方法之二是对当年考研试题和当年的`复习资料进行比较，看资料对重点的把握程度。比较省事的办法是看出版社，权威出版社因为要顾及长期效益和招牌，对所出的书籍把关严格，质量较高。

(三)选购资料应避免的四个误区

1，追求数量

不管质量如何，是否适合自己，见资料就买，买来就做，把复习等同于做资料。实践证明，这种做法效果很不好，关键还是应该有重点的去做一些自己薄弱方面的题，以使它们得到巩固和提高，也就是说做题不在于多多益善，更主要的还是要有针对性。

2，过于性急

许多同学惟恐资料买晚了来不及复习，特别是看到别人有了几本以后，心里更不踏实，于是匆忙买一本再说。这种方式往往很难买到真正有用的辅导资料，因此要有耐心，等到有一部分资料出版后，经过比较，再根据自身情况和具体需求，选择一本适合自己的复习辅导资料。

3，过于轻信

一些同学对于一些如雷贯耳的名师往往崇拜得五体投地，只要书店里有他们的新资料出现，不管真正需要与否，照单买断不误。虽然一些名师主编的资料非常出色，但也不排除有一些是为了挣钱而应付的粗劣之作。因此，买书之前，一定要好好鉴别一下。

4，忽视印刷质量

印刷质量其实是全书质量的一个重要组成部分，非常重要。例如数学辅导资料印错一个数字或字母，都可能让你白费半天劲而毫无结果;政治多项选择题的“标准答案”要是印错了，问题就更大了;另外印刷清晰程度和纸张质量也会对你的视觉甚至是学习的情绪都有影响，毕竟备考复习阶段，平均每天都要花很多时间和这些资料打交道。质量很精美的一本书，看着可能心里也会觉得很舒服，这样多少会有助于提高复习的效果。

()

篇2：托福综合写作如何顺利收集获取写作素材

托福综合写作如何顺利收集获取写作素材?听读环节你需要做好这些事

托福综合写作阅读部分：多找核心句式和关键词

在托福综合写作的考试中，考生首先要面对的就是阅读部分，这个部分由于会直接给出文本内容，因此考生想要获取信息的难度相对听力来说是比较低的。但这种看似较低的难度也存在明显陷阱，那就是考生不清楚这些给出的文字信息中自己到底需要记录哪些关键内容。在小编看来，考生想要从综合写作的阅读部分获取充足信息，就需要对给出材料的文章结构有明确了解，简单来说，就是找到文章的核心句式以及关键性词汇。

托福综合写作的阅读文章是具有明确结构的，按照老外一般的写作习惯，阅读文章基本上都是按照总分结构来写作的，也就是一个开头段加上之后三个段落的展开，大家可以想象成独立写作常见的文章结构去掉一个结尾段，基本上综合写作的文章就是这样的构造。

在了解了文章结构之后，考生想要找到核心句式和关键性词汇难度就会比较低了。大家看阅读首段的目标很简单，就是找到代表观点或者论点的核心句，一般多为首段的最后一句，同时明确一下这篇文章的主要话题内容，因为之后的听力基本上也是围绕着这个观点或话题展开的。

看完首段之后大家就可以从之后的三个段落中来提炼出围绕观点展开的3个分论点论据了。一般各个段落的第一句话基本上就涵盖了这一段的核心内容，考生整理起来是相当快的，甚至不需要读完整个段落就能迅速找对核心句式以及关键词。大家把这些信息都整理好，列出一个提纲性质的框架在草稿纸上，托福综合写作阅读部分的任务就基本完成了。

托福综合写作听力部分：记录听力反对观点及论据

比起综合写作的阅读部分，接下来到来的听力部分难度显然要更高一些，因为缺乏文本内容，考生获取信息完全要依赖于自己的听力水平和速记能力，而且所有信息都是一遍过，不同于阅读还有反复看几眼的机会，这对于考生抓取关键信息的能力有相当高的要求。很多同学综合写作部分出现较大幅度的扣分，也往往是因为听力部分出现了大量关键信息的遗漏所造成的。因此，做好听力笔记至关重要。而这里小编希望大家练好的基本技能之一就是做笔记的能力了。当然，这个能力对考生综合口语以及听力本身也有很大价值，希望大家能够重点训练一下。

对托福综合写作来说，考生听力部分要做的是明确自己需要记住的信息。和阅读类似，听力材料在结构上也是按照基本的总分顺序来展开的，同样是先给论点再分开阐述，也是标准的四段结构。因此，大家在听力刚开始阶段要记住的同样是说话者的观点和态度，由于之前已经在阅读部分了解了这个话题，因此面对听力考生应该有了一定的心理准备，听懂观点难度不会太高。

在听完手段的观点(大概率是反驳阅读观点)之后，接下来大家也需要把听力观点的三个展开分论点给听清楚记下来，这里有个小技巧，一般来说阅读和听力材料中给出的三个分论点是一一对应的，也就是会把阅读的三个分论点逐个反驳或者反过来说，所以分论点方面大家可以取个巧。但分论点涉及到的论据信息考生无法判断，所以这才是需要大家集中精神认真记录好的东西，特别是论据中的一些关键信息核心词汇，大家一定要认记录仔细，确保自己之后回顾记录内容能够回想得起来。这样一来听力部分的任务也算完成了。而在此之后，考生就可以根据自己在阅读和听力两部分中记录下来的详细信息内容，写出一篇干货满满细节一个不漏的高分综合写作文章了。

以上就是小编为大家介绍的考生在托福综合写作的阅读和听力部分中需要做好的工作，希望各位同学能够认真学习，掌握应对综合写作题的基本技巧和思路，写出高分好文章。

托福独立写作难点话题思路解读和高分范文赏析：should people make important decisions alone

托福写作难点话题一览

Should people make important decisions alone?

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? A person should never make an important decision alone. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

写作思路展开结构分析

不能同意这个观点。因为题目中出现了never这个绝对修饰词。确实，很多的时候独自做出的决定是错误的。因为做出正确的决定需要完整的信息。然而，也有些时候必须独自做出决定。比如，在没有别人能够给出参考意见时。并且，很多独自做出的决定并不是错误的。所以，只能说one can not be more careful to make an important decision。

本话题高分范文赏析

Important decisions are those that will have a significant or lasting impact on a person's life. Oftentimes such a decision is difficult to make because the consequences are considerable or because the decision's circumstances and implications are complex. As a result, people will consult friends and family for their opinions to get a better understanding of the situation. Seeking advice is helpful because it helps to avoid pitfalls and precludes carelessness, but in the end the person who has to live with the decision should make it by himself/herself. Discussing important decisions with others can be beneficial, especially if the person one is conferring with has experience with the problem at hand. For example, in order to be able to decide between continuing one's education after finishing four years of university studies and finding a job, it is helpful to talk to people who have made this decision. A person who decided to find gainful employment will probably give different advice than a person who decided to stay in school. Listening attentively to both will allow a person to make the best assessment of his/her own situation as he/she will be able to learn from others' experiences. At the same time, one should consider the opinions and feelings of the people who will be impacted by his/her decision. For example, husband and wife should confer with each other before making up their mind to quit or change a job. After all, the change of a job can impact many aspects of their life together, such as the household income or the amount of time they can spend together. However, one should not allow or even ask others to make an important decision on one's behalf. After all, he/she will be the one with all the information at his/her disposal, especially after seeking advice from others. Ultimately, the person who has to live with the decision (in so far as it is a personal decision that does not affect others directly in a significant way) should take complete responsibility and make it himself/herself.

托福独立写作难点话题思路解读和高分范文赏析：support the arts or protect the environment

托福写作难点话题一览

Support the arts or protect the environment?

A company is going to give some money either to support the arts or to protect the environment. Which do you think the company should choose? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

写作思路展开结构分析

两个方向都可以充分展开，没有优劣，考生可以根据自己的喜好来选择，选择哪一个都可以。只要列举出两三个sound reasons能够逻辑自洽就可以了。并且大家要注意在作文中提及另外一个选择的好处，以显示“考虑周全”。需要考虑的至少有两点：企业花钱，当然要考虑input-output ratio。投入哪一个活动中，公众效应更加明显?社会作为受体，哪一个活动将对社会有更多的实际好处?这些都可以成为大家展开的点。

本话题高分范文赏析

Nowadays companies contribute money to many worthy causes. In fact many cultural events only become possible through corporate sponsorship and financial support. The choice between supporting the arts and protecting the environment is not an easy one. However, the company should give money to protect the environment because a healthy environment is necessary in order to produce and enjoy the arts and also because every company has an obligation to secure the environment which it pollutes either directly or indirectly.

A healthy environment has served as inspiration to artists over the centuries and millennia. On all continents creative people have drawn from the positive effects of natural beauty to produce landmark pieces of art, and painters, writers, and musicians alike talk about the stimulating effects that nature has on their work. Furthermore, nature is the focal point of many works of art, for example, landscape painting. Therefore, a healthy environment becomes a prerequisite for art. Protecting the environment will also ensure that people will be able to enjoy the arts in the future. After all, environmental pollution causes and contributes to many diseases and illnesses. Naturally, sick people are not very concerned with high culture but are more worried about getting healthy or staying alive. Thus, money spend on environmental protection will make it possible for people to continue to enjoy art because they will live healthier lives.

Lastly, every company contributes in some way to environmental degradation. Even the companies that don't cause pollution by means of manufacturing or production still ship products or use great amounts of electricity in their line of work. Since air pollution is a serious problem, much of which is caused by industrial transport, and because electricity is a scarce commodity, the production of which also causes environmental damage, businesses should invest in this area. Not only will the company fulfill its ethical obligation but it will benefit from the investment.

托福独立写作难点话题思路解读和高分范文赏析：work for a large company or a small one

托福写作难点话题一览

A large company or a small one, which do you want to work for?

Some people prefer to work for a large company. Others prefer to work for a small company. Which would you prefer? Use specific reasons and details to support your choice.

写作思路展开结构分析

很中立的一道题目，不存在明显的偏向性。因此考生只要能做到论述合理符合逻辑即可。所以选择哪一个都无所谓，关键还是在于按照标准写法列出三个理由。当然，在证明的过程中也不要忘了提及另外一种选择也有一些好处，也就是适当的让步写法，比较常用的可以说不同的情况下可以做出不同的选择等等。选择大公司可以说公司流程更为规范，待遇更有保证，选择小公司则可以说更有发展前途，可以学到更多东西等等。

本话题高分范文赏析

While some people enjoy the relative comfort, stability, and prestige of working at a large company, I prefer to live life on the edge. Given the choice, I would much prefer to work at small company where I could have more responsibility, more excitement, closer relationships with my coworkers, and a greater sense of accomplishment than I could have at a big company. If I worked at a large company, my role at the company would be highly specialized and narrowly defined. At a smaller company everyone has to take on extra responsibilities to make the business work. For instance, if I worked at a small computer software company as a programmer, I might not only program, but also have to make trips to potential clients for sales. At a large company, the sales department would talk to clients, and I would be stuck in the same boring routine every day with less responsibility. I might less in touch with what the clients wanted if my responsibilities were limited to programming. I crave excitement, so the idea of working for a small company particularly suits me. While working at a large company can offer more job security, workers don't usually get any of the annual profits. But if you work for a small company, profits are more likely to be shared at the end of the year. This means that the harder you work, the more potential there is to make a large amount of money. It is also especially gratifying when you can see how your hard work helped to build or save the company, a feeling of accomplishment that is difficult to attain when working in a large company. Finally, working together in a small company creates a sense of special closeness between colleagues. You have to both trust and depend on each other for everything. This closeness is not only between people within the company but can also extend to your clients and suppliers, all of whom you can get to know on a first name basis. Business deals become less impersonal and more pleasurable when you work with people you trust and like. This trust is both deeper and easier to build when you work for a smaller company.