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结果状语从句的用法：
1.、so that可以引导目的状语从句， 也可以引导结果状语从句。
例如：
He worried so that he couldn’t sleep.
他急得睡不着。(so that引导结果状语从句)
It was very cold, so that the river froze.
天气寒冷， 河水都结冰了。(so that引导结果状语从句)
I came to the class early so that I could see the classmate beside me.
我赶早来上课， 以便早点看到我旁边的同学。(so that引导目的状语从句)
so+形容词+that
Some people were so moved by the sight that they began to cry.
一些人对此情景如此感动，以致开始哭了出来。
The wind was so strong that he could hardly move forward.
风刮得如此猛烈，以致他几乎是寸步难行。
so+副词+that
The ball struck him so hard that he nearly fell into the water.
球重重地打在了他身上，使他几乎落到水里去。
so+形容词+a+单数名词+that
It was so hot a day that they wanted to go swimming.
天那么热，他们想去游泳。
so+many/few(+复数名词)+that
There are so many picture-story books that the boy won't leave.
有那么多连环画书，小孩都不想离开了。
so+much/little+单数不可数名词)+that
There is so much contradictory advice about exercising that you become confused.
对于锻炼有那么多互相矛盾的意见，以致都把你给弄糊涂了。
He gave me so little time that it was impossible for me to finish the work on time.
他给我的时间如此少，要我按时完成任务是不可能的。[1]
2.、表示“如此……以致……”的“so...that...”和“such... that...”均可引导结果状语从句，其中的such 是形容词，修饰名词; so 是副词，修饰形容词或副词，具体的搭配形式是：
(1)“so+adj./adv.+that”， “so+adj.(+a/an)+n.+that”;
(2)“such(+a/an)(+adj.)+n.+that”。
例如： He speaks so fast that no one can catch him. 他说话太快， 无人听得明白。
There is so rapid an increase in population that a food shortage is caused. 人口增长如此迅速， 以致造成了粮食短缺。
Our country has so much coal that she can export large quantities. 我们国家的煤炭非常丰富， 可以大量出口。(so与表示数量的代词many， few， much， little等连用已经形成固定搭配， 这些场合下不能换用such的对应结构表示)
The shop sells so expensive goods that I want to buy nothing in it. 这家商店出售的货物价格昂贵， 以致我在里面不想购买任何东西。
He’s such a good person that we mustn’t blame him. 他是这样好的人， 我们不能怪他。
They are such fine teachers that we all hold them in great respect. 他们是非常好的老师， 我们对他们极为尊敬。
It is such nice weather that I would like to go to the beach. 天气如此之好， 我想去海滩。
如果结果状语从句的主语与主句的主语相同， 可用so (adj./adv.) as to取代该结果状语从句， 注意体会以下例句： The weather was bad, so as to make a good photo hard to take. 天气恶劣， 以致难以拍出来好照片。
He was so kind as to phone for a taxi for the patient. 他是如此热心， 以至于他为病人打电话叫了出租车。
How could you be so stupid as to believe him? 你怎么这么笨， 竟相信了他的话?
结果状语从句
结果状语从句常由so… that 或 such…that引导，掌握这两个句型，首先要了解so 和 such与其后的词的搭配规律。比较：so和 such
其规律由so与such的.不同词性决定。such 是形容词，修饰名词或名词词组，so 是副词，只能修饰形容词或副词。 so 还可与表示数量的形容词many, few, much, little连用，形成固定搭配。
so foolish such a fool
so nice a flower such a nice flower
so many / few flowers such nice flowers
so much / little money. such rapid progress
so many people such a lot of people
（ so many 已成固定搭配，a lot of 虽相当于 many，但 a lot of 为名词性的，只能用such搭配。）
so…that与such…that之间的转换既为 so与such之间的转换。
The boy is so young that he can't go to school.
He is such a young boy that he can't go to school
1 时间状语从句
(1)时间状语从句常用when, as, while, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as等连词来引导。例如：
It was raining hard when got to school yesterday.
While he was doing his homework, the telephone rang.
As he walked along the lake, he sang happily.
He had learned a little Chinese before he came to China.
After he finished middle school, he went to work in a factory.
(2)在时间状语从句里，通常不用将来时态，用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如：
I’ll ring you up as soon as I get to New York.
I will tell him everything when he comes back.
He won’t believe it until he sees it with his own eyes.
(3)在带有till或until引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句里，如果主句用肯定式，其含义是“一直到……时”，谓语动词只能用延续性动词。如果主句用否定式，其含义是“直到……才……”, “在……以前不……”, 谓语动词可用瞬间动词。例如：
The young man read till the light went out.
Let’s wait until the rain stops.
We won’t start until Bob comes.
Don’t get off until the bus stops.
2 条件状语从句
(1)条件状语从句通常由if, unless引导。例如：
What shall we do if it snows tomorrow?
Don’t leave the building unless I tell you to.
(2)在条件状语从句里，谓语动词通常用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如：
I’ll help you with your English if am free tomorrow.
He won’t be late unless he is ill.
(3)“祈使句 + and (or)+ 陈述句” 在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。例如：
Hurry up, or you’ll be late.
=If you don’t hurry up, you’ll be late.
Study hard and you will pass the exam.
=If you study hard, you will pass the exam.
3 原因状语从句
(1)原因状语从句通常由because, since, as引导。例如：
He didn’t come to school because he was ill.
As it is raining, we shall not go the zoo.
Since you can’t answer the question, I’ll ask someone else.
(2)because表示直接原因，语气最强。Because引导的原因状语从句多放在主句之后。回答由why提出的问题，只能用because。As和since语气较弱，一般用来表示明显的原因。由as和since引导的原因状语从居多放在句首。例如：
------Why aren’t going there?
------Because I don’t want to.
As he has no car, he can’t get there easily.
Since we have no money, we can’t buy it.
(3)because和so不能同用在一个句子里。
4 结果状语从句
(1)结果状语从句由so…that, such…that, so that引导。例如：
He is so poor that he can’t buy a bike for his son.
She is such a good teacher that everybody likes her.
My pencil fell under the desk, so that I couldn’t see it.
(2)so…that语such...that可以互换。例如：
在由so...that引导的结果状语从句中，so是副词，与形容词连用。其结构是: “...so + 形容词(副词)+ that + 从句”。例如：
He was so glad that he couldn’t say a word.
The hall is so big that it can hold 2,000 people.
Mother lives so far away that we hardly ever see her.
在由such…that引导的结果状语从句中，such是形容词，它修饰的可以是单数或复数可数名词，也可以是不可数名词;名词前面可以带形容词，也可不带。如果是单数可数名词，前面需加不定冠词a或an。例如：
It was such a hot day that nobody wanted to do anything.
He had such long arms that he could almost touch the ceiling.
He made such rapid progress that he did very well in the mid-term.
有时上述两种结构是可以互换的。例如：
It was such a wonderful film that all of us wanted to see it again.
=The film was so wonderful that all of us wanted to see it again.
It is such an important match that nobody wants to miss it.
=The match is so important that nobody wants to miss it.
(3)如果名词前由many, much, little, few等词修饰时，只能用so, 不用such。例如：
Soon there were so many deer that they ate up all the wild roses.
He has so little time that he can’t go to the cinema with you.
5 比较状语从句
比较状语从句通常由as…as, 比较级 + than…等连词引导。例如：
Tom runs faster than John does.
This classroom is as big as that one.
6 目的状语从句
(1)目的状语从句通常由 so that, in order that引导。例如：
We started early so that we could catch the first train.
He studies hard so that he could work better in the future.
We used the computer in order that we might save time.
(2)so that既可引导目的状语从句，又可引导结果状语从句。区别这两种从句的办法有两个：1)目的状语从句里往往带有情态动词can, could, may, might等。2)从意思上看，目的状语从句往往表示的目的很明确。例如：
Speak clearly so that they may understand you. (目的状语从句)
Jack is badly ill so that he has to rest. (结果状语从句)
7 让步状语从句
(1)让步状语从句通常由although, though等连词引导。例如：
Though he is young, he knows a lot.
Although I am tired, I must go on working.
(2)although(though)不能用在同一个句子中。例如：
我们不能说：Though it was raining hard, but he still went out.
应该说：Though it was raining hard, he still went out.或It was raining hard, but he still went out.
8 地点状语从句
地点状语从句常常由where来引导。例如：
Go where you like.
Where there is a will, there is a way.
延伸阅读：
1.初中状语从句常见考法
对于结果状语从句的考查，多以单选和完形填空的形式，从连词的意义角度让大家选择连词。
典型例题：
His plan was such a good one ____ we all agreed to accept it.
A. so B. and C. that D. as
解析：题干的意思是“他的计划如此好以至于我们都同意接受它”，that与前面的such呼应， 引导结果状语从句。
答案：A
2.初中状语从句误区提醒
结果状语从句中。除了要注意so… that和 such…that的区别外，还要注意它们和too...to do(太・・・而不能・・・・)和enough +形容词/副词+to do(足够的・・・可以・・・)的转换。
典型例题：
Ann is too young to go to school.(同义句转换)
Ann is go to school.
解析：原句的意思是“安太小了而不能去上学”。那也就是说“安是如此的小，以至于她不能去上学”，根据所给出的空数，可以用so… that句型.
答案：so young that she can't
(一)时间状语从句
表示时间的状语从句可由when, as, while, whenever, after, before, till (until), since, once, as soon as (或the moment ), by the time, no sooner … than, hardly (scarcely) … when, every time等引导。
e.g. When I came into the office, the teachers were having a meeting.
He started as soon as he received the news.
Once you see him, you will never forget him.
No sooner had I gone to bed than I went to sleep.
(二)原因状语从句
原因状语从句是表示原因或理由的，引导这类从句的最常用的连词是because, since, as , now that(既然)等，for 表示因果关系时(它引导的不是从句)为并列连词，语气不如because强。
e.g. He is disappointed because he didn't get the position.
As it is raining, I will not go out.
Now that you mention it, I do remember.
(三)地点状语从句
引导地点状语从句的连词是where 和wherever等。
e.g. Sit wherever you like.
Make a mark where you have a question.
(四)目的状语从句
引导目的状语从句最常用的词(组)是so, so that(从句谓语常有情态动词), in order that, in case(以防，以免)等。
e.g. Speak clearly, so that they may understand you.
She has bought the book in order that she could follow the TV lessons.
He left early in case he should miss the train.
(五)结果状语从句
结果状语从句是表示事态结果的从句，通常主句是原因，从句是结果。由so that (从句谓语一般没有情态动词), so … that, such … that等引导。
e.g. She was ill, so that she didn’t attend the meeting.
He was so excited that he could not say a word.
She is such a good teacher that everyone admires her.
(六)条件状语从句
条件状语从句分真实性(有可能实现的事情)与非真实性(条件与事实相反或者在说话者看来不大可能实现的事情)条件句。引导条件状语从句的词(组)主要有if, unless, so (as) long as, on condition that, so (as) far as, if only ( = if )。注意：条件从句中的if 不能用whether替换。
e.g. If he is not in the office, he must be out for lunch.
You may borrow the book so long as you keep it clean.
So far as I know(据我所知), he will be away for three months.
You can go swimming on condition that ( = if ) you don’t go too far away from the river bank.
If he had come a few minutes earlier, he could have seen her.
(七)让步状语从句
让步状语从句可由although, though, as, even if (though), however, whatever, whether … or, no matter who (when, what, …) 等引导。注意：as引导的让步状语从句一般是倒装的。
e.g. Though he is a child, he knows a lot.
Child as he is, he knows a lot.
Whatever ( = No matter what ) you say, I’ll never change my mind.
(八)方式状语从句
方式状语从句常由as, as if (though), the way, rather than等引导。
e.g. You must do the exercise as I show you.
He acted as if nothing had happened.
(九)比较状语从句
比较状语从句常用than, so (as) … as, the more … the more等引导。
e.g. I have made a lot more mistakes than you have.
He smokes cigarettes as expensive as he can afford.
The busier he is, the happier he feels.
(十)使用状语从句时要注意的几个问题
1、在时间和条件(有时也在方式、让步等)从句中，主句是一般将来时，从句通常用一般现在时表示将来。
e.g. We’ll go outing if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.
I’ll write to you as soon as I get to Shanghai.
2、有些时间、地点、条件、方式或让步从句，如果从句的主语与主句主语一致(或虽不一致，是it)，从句的谓语又包含动词be ，就可省略从句中的“主语 + be”部分。
e.g. When (he was) still a boy of ten, he had to work day and night.
If (you are) asked you may come in.
If (it is) necessary I’ll explain to you again.
3、注意区分不同从句：引导的是什么从句，不仅要根据连词，还要根据句子结构和句意来判别。以where为例，能引导多种从句。
e.g. You are to find it where you left it.(地点状语从句)
Tell me the address where he lives.(定语从句，句中有先行词)
I don’t know where he came from.(宾语从句)
Where he has gone is not known yet.(主语从句)
This place is where they once hid.(表语从句)
知识点总结
结果状语从句是补充说明主句中谓语动词发生的结果的，结果状语从句常由so that或 such that引导。要掌握这两个句型，我们首先来了解一下so 和 such与其后的词的搭配规律。
1、such 是形容词，修饰名词或名词词 组，such(+a/an)(+形容 词)+名词+that;例如：
such a good book, such nice girls.
2、so 是副词，只能修饰形容词或副词，so+形容词/副词+that。例如：
so nice, so slow ly
一般情况下，such+a+形容词+名=so+形容词+a/an+名 例如：
so nice a flower = such a nice flower
表达如此多/少时，常用so ，so与表示数量的形容词many, few, much, little连用，形成固定搭配。例如：so many people
so that和 suchthat都可译成如此的以至于，二者可以互换，(当s o修饰副词的时候，二者 往往不互换 ) 例句：
The boy is so young that he cant go to school.
He is such a young boy that he cant go to school
常见考法
对于结果状语从句的考查，多以单选和完形填空的形式，从连词的意义角度让大家选择连词。
典型例题：His plan was such a good one ____ we all agreed to accept it.
A. so B. and C. that D. as
解析：题干的意思是他的计划如此好以至于我们都同意接受它，that与前面的such呼应， 引导结果状语从句。
答案：A
误区提醒
结果状语从句中。除了要注意so that和 suchthat的区别外，还要注意它们和too...to do(太 而不能)和enough +形容词/副词+ to do(足够的可以)的转换。
典型例题：Ann is too young to g o to school.(同义句转换)
Ann is go to school.
解析：原句的意思是安太小了而不能去上学。那也就是说安是如此的小，以至于她不能去上学，根据所给出的空数，可以用so that句型.
答案：so young that she cant
[关于中考英语：结果状语从句]
一、教学目标
要求学生掌握状语从句的种类, 在句中的句法功能以及状语从句与其他从句的区别。
二、教学重点及难点
状语从句的引导词, where引导的地点状语从句, 时态一致性问题。
三、教学方法
1．状语从句在句中起副词作用, 所以又叫副词从句。
状语分为：时间、地点、条件、原因、让步、比较、方式、目的、结果, 既然有这么多种状语, 也就有这么多种状语从句, 请想出相应的例子来：
2．下面咱们分类讨论一下状语从句。先看时间状语从句的引导词。引导时间状语从句的有：when, while, as, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as, no sooner…than…, hardly…when…。
这里有几个要注意的问题。首先：while引导的从句中谓语动词必须是能够延续的动词。如：While I was sitting there, he told me an interesting story．其次, since引导的从句用过去时, 主句用现在完成时。第三, as soon as, no sooner…than, hardly…when引导的从句中谓语动词要用 had done。
3．“as”是什么意思？
4．时间状语从句还有几个特殊的引导词。
如：every time, each time, the moment
A．Every time I saw him, I would like to listen to his songs.
B．I came to the house the moment he was about to leave.
5．Yes, we can say it is an adverbial clause introduced by when or while. Some parts are omitted.“When looked into…”refers to“When I looked…”“While listening to…”refers to“While I was listening to…”
6．Now let's talk about the adverbial of place, “where, wherever”can introduce the clause. For instance. Where there is water, there are living things.
Wherever they went, they were warmly welcomed.
他们所到之处都受到了热烈的欢迎。
7．这道题只能选择A, where引导地点状语从句, 意思为：在有座山的地方两条河相遇。至于B项at the place可以做主句的状语, 但它与后半部分毫无关系。如果在place后加上where就可以了, 也就是at the place where, 这样where引导的为定语从句。
8．介词+which代替where只有是定语从句情况下才可以, 判断是否是定语从句, 要看从句前是否有先行词, 有先行词的是定语从句，这时可以用介词+which代替where。如果没有先行词的话，则不能用介词+ which代替，再看几个句子：
A．Shall we have a party where we met last Sunday?
B．Have you been to the island where there are many monkeys?
C．Please put all these books where they used to be.
D．We will go where we are needed most.
请你判断一下哪个是定语从句, 哪个是地点状语从句。
9．引导条件状语从句的词有哪些？
10．除去这两个词外, 还有：
so（as）long as（只要……）provided…providing…
supposing…on condition that…
如：
So long as we work hard, we are sure to make much progress.
Supposing we can't get him informed in advance, what should we do?
要是我们不能提前通知他，那该怎么办呢？
I'll come provided I am well enough.
只要我完全恢复，就来。
11．So much for the adverbial clause of condition. Now let's come to the adverbial clause of reason. What words can introduce this kind of clause?
12．for引导的句子不是原因状语从句，它连接的两句前后是并列关系, 不是主从关系, for所陈述的原因是间接的，常常是推测性的。如：
The electric current must have been turned off, for the light went out.
for不能放在句首, 只能放在句中。
请翻译下列各句：
A．他想必是从这条路过去的, 因为这里有脚印。
B．是因为他病了, 他才没来办公室吗？
13．你回答得很正确。since常用以述说推断的理由, 常放在句首。如：
Since his method doesn't work, let's try yours.
既然他的方法不行, 我们就试试你的吧。
as放在句首或句中, 口语里有时把as省掉。
Let's take a rest. I am tired = As I am tired, let's take a rest.
由于我累了, 咱们休息吧！
14．Now let's do some exercises.
Please fill in the blanks with because, since, as or for.
A．The light went out, ____ the electric current was turned off.
B． ____ everyone is here, let's begin our meeting.
C．I cannot go, ____ I am busy.
15．The adverbial clause of concession
让步状语从句
请说出引导让步状语从句的引导词。
16．even if与even though有区别：even if一般引导的是把握不大或假设的事情, even though引出的是事实。
如：Even if we achieve great success in our work, we should not be proud.
即使我们在工作中取得了巨大成绩，也不应该自满。
Even though he was late, he was not criticized by the teacher．虽然他晚了, 可他并没有受到老师的批评。
17．比较状语从句要记住几个句型：
A．…as…. as
B．…er than…
C．the more… the more….
比较状语从句, 既然它叫从句, that, as 之后就要有主谓成份, 只不过有时谓语动作与前文所述一致, 所以省略了, 但是主语需用主格, 虽然口语中偶尔有用宾格的情况。如：
He is taller than me.
18．目的状语从句和结果状语从句都由so that… 引导, 它们有什么区别吗？
19．引导结果状语从句的还有such…that…；引导目的状语从句的还有in order that…, 甚至有时so that（不分开）也可以引导结果状语从句。
如：He went early, so that he got a good seat.
值得注意的是 so that 前有一个“, ”。
20．Now let's discuss the last adverbial clause．方式状语从句, 引导方式状语从句的有as。如：
Let's study as Lenin did.
咱们像列宁那样学习。
as可以引导方式状语从句, 让步状语从句, 原因状语从句, 时间状语从句，比较状语从句, 还可引导定语从句, 请分别举出一例。
Students
1．
A．When we came we found they had left.
B．Where there is a will, there is a way.
C．If it is fine tomorrow, we'll go for a picnic.
D．Since everyone is here, let's begin our class.
E．Though it was very late, the workers were continuing their work.
F．The horse is not so weighty as the elephant.
G．The students reviewed the lessons as the teacher told them to.
H．Let's get up early so that we can arrive at the airport on time.
I．They worked there so carefully that they didn't notice I was passing by.
2．till和until的用法也不一般, 它有两种句型：A…. until（till）主句中用延续性动词, 意思是：（动作）一直到……
B…. not until… 主句中用非延续性动词, 意思是：直到……才……
例如：
The play went on until the candles went out.
剧一直演到蜡烛熄灭。
We didn't begin our meeting until the chairman came.
我们一直等到主席来才开会。
3．as的意思为：一边……一边……
如：
We talked as we walked.
我们边走边谈。
4．Let me say the Chinese meaning of these two sentences.
A．每当我看到他, 我就想听他唱歌。
B．他正要离开, 我到家了。
5．Sometimes I meet with such sentences as:
A．When looked into the room, I found no one.
B．While listening to the radio, I ate my breakfast.
Are these sentences compound sentences with an adverbial clause?
6．我在地点状语从句和where定语从句问题上有些模糊。比如：
The two rivers meet ____ there is a mount.
A．where
B．at the place
C．the place at which
D．at which
A、B、C、D选择哪一个呢？
选A为地点状语从句, 由where引导, 选B, at the place在主句中作地点状语, 选D at which代替where, 所以我想都有道理。
7．C项是否缺介词at, 如果缺少这个介词, 后半部分与前半部分脱离关系。D项which指代不清。
8．A是地点状语从句, party不是where 从句的先行词, 因为party与where毫无关系, where不能用at which代替。B中where从句是定语从句，island是where从句的先行词，where可以用on which代替，on the island there are many monkeys 意思很明确。C句中where从句是地点状语从句，books与where没有关系，不能用介词+ which代替where。D中where从句是地点状语从句，where 之前根本没有名词。
9．if和 unless。如：
If it is fine tomorrow, we'll go camping.
Unless he writes me back, I'll not write him again.
10．
这些词不能引导虚拟语气的条件从句, 在这些条件状语从句引导词中只有if可以引导虚拟语气的条件状语从句。
11．I think“because, since, as, now that”can.
Here are some sentences:
A．Because it was getting dark, we hurried.
B．As I knew he was ill, I didn't call.
C．Since his method doesn't work, let's try yours.
老师：for引导的句子是原因状语从句吗？
12．
A．He must have passed this way, for here are the footprints.
B．Was it because he was ill that he didn't come to office?
那么, as, since和because有什么区别呢？是不是要从它们表示原因的强弱程度上加以考虑？强弱程度是不是这样？because最强since次之, as最弱。
13．看来, as语气很弱, 甚至可以省掉, since表示前后推理关系, 与now that 意思相似。如：
Now that you are well again, you can go on with your work.
既然你已经恢复了, 你可以继续你的工作了。
because语气最强烈。在回答why问题或在强调结构中必须用because。
14．
A．because, 断电是灯灭的直接原因。
B．Since, 既然人都来了, 咱们就开会吧。前后是推理关系。
C．as, 我不能去, 由于太忙。
15．引导词有though, although, even though, even if, no matter what（who, whom, where, when, which）, whatever, whoever, as…even if和even though 有区别吗？
16．我想, whether…or 引导的也是让步状语从句。如：Whether he comes or not, we'll have a party tonight.
无论他是否来, 今晚我们将开个晚会。
17．as, than… 引导的都是从句, 原来我以为它们是介词, 后边跟名词或代词, 但现在我明白了, 它们后面跟的是省略了的句子。如：
He runs faster than I（do）.
比较状语从句是否要注意比较的两个事物或人应当对等, 否则就没有比较的意义了？
18．so that 引导目的状语从句与结果状语从句形式是不同的。引导目的状语从句so that不能分开, 而引导结果状语从句so与 that之间要插入形容词或副词。
如：We got up early so that we could arrive at the town on time．（目的状语）
We got up so early that we arrived at the town on time．（结果状语）
19．so that… 引导的究竟是目的状语从句还是结果状语从句要看“，”，有逗号的是结果状语从句, 没逗号的是目的状语从句。另外，结果状语从句中谓语动词一般是一个事实。如：He worked hard, so that he made much progress．而目的状语从句的谓语动词有can, may之类的词。
20．
A．Please fly the kite as the teacher does．（方式状语从句）
B．Child as he is, he knows a lot. （让步状语从句）
C．He didn't come to the meeting; as he didn't receive the note．（原因状语从句）
D．They talked and laughed as they ate their dinner．（时间状语从句）
E．This park is as large as that one．（比较状语从句）
F．As is known to everyone, the earth is bigger than the moon．（定语从句）
四、精选题
单项选择：
1．---- Is your camera like Bill's and Ann's? [ ]
---- No, but it's almost the same as ____ .
A．her B．yours
C．them D．their
2．---- Would you like to come to dinner tonight? [ ]
---- I'd like to, ____ I'm too busy.
A．and B．so
C．as D．but
3．Mother was worried because little Alice was ill, especially ____ father was away in France. [ ]
A．as B．that
C．during D．if
4．It is generally considered unwise to give a child ____ he or she wants. [ ]
A．howeverB．whatever
C．whichever D．whenever
5．After the war, a new school building was put up ____ there had once been a theatre. [ ]
A．that B．where
C．which D．when
6． ____ , Mother will wait for him to have dinner together. [ ]
A．However late is he
B．However he is late
C．However is he late
D．However late he is
7．It was about 600 years ago ____ the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made. [ ]
A．that B．until
C．before D．when
8．Why do you want a new job ____ you've got such a good one already? [ ]
A．that B．where
C．which D．when
9．---- I'm going to the post office. [ ]
---- you're there, can you get me some stamps?
A．As B．While
C．BecauseD．If
10． ____ you've got a chance, you might as well make full use of it. [ ]
A．Now that B．After
C．AlthoughD．As soon as
11．You should make it a rule to leave things ____ you can find them again. [ ]
A．when B．where
C．then D．there
12．We'll have to finish the job ____ . [ ]
A．long it takes however
B．it takes however long
C．long however it takes
D．however long it takes
13．The museum will have to close ____ the government agrees to give extra money. [ ]
A．until B．if
C．when D．unless
14． ____ you come today ____ tomorrow, I don't mind at all. [ ]
A．Neither; nor
B．Both; and
C．Either; or
D．Whether; or
15．The two boys look so much alike ____ no one can tell them apart. [ ]
A．and B．so
C．that D．so that
16．We had not gone far ____ we saw a great crowd of people. [ ]
A．before B．after
C．as soon as D．while
17．You can have these magazines ____ I finish reading them. [ ]
A．so that B．because
C．the moment D．unless
18． ____ the paper, it seems to write itself. [ ]
A．Starting B．After starting
C．Having started once D．Once I start
19．---- Is your engineering project ready? [ ]
---- No, and ____ today, I won't pass the course.
A．unless I get finishB．if I got finishing
C．unless I get finished D．if I'm not finished
20． ____ the day went on, the weather got worse. [ ]
A．With B．Since
C．While D．As
填空：
1．He won't believe it ____ he sees it with his own eyes.
2．Trees must be planted ____ there is a lot of sunlight.
3．____ Swede was not good at English, he could understand what you were saying.
4．Do what you think is right, ____ they say.
5．Go back ____ you come from.
6．How long is it ____ I saw you last?
7．You can go out, ____ you promise to be back before eleven.
8．The professor told the students to do ____ he did.
9．No one can be more fit for his office ____ he is.
10． ____ everyone has understood this one, let's change another.
答案：
单项选择：
1．B 比较的是 camera, yours = your camera
2．D 转折关系
3．A 在……期间
4．B 要什么给什么
5．B where引导地点状语从句
6．D 无论多晚
7．A 强调结构
8．D 当你已经得到了一份好工作（的时候）
9．B 时间状语从句, 在那儿期间
10．A 既然你已经得到了机会
11．B where 引导地点状语从句
12．D 无论它花费多长时间
13．D 除非政府同意多给资金
14．D whether…or… 引导让步状语从句
15．C that 引导结果状语从句
16．A 刚走不远就看到了一大群人
17．C the moment 引导时间状语从句
18．D 一旦开始……就似乎……
19．C 除非搞完否则就……
20．D 随着时间推移, 天气变坏
填空：
1．until
2．where 阳光充裕的地方
3．Though 前后为让步关系
4．whatever 无论他们说什么, 都要做你认为是正确的事。
5．where 回到你来的地方, where 引导地点状语从句
6．since 时间状语从句
7．as long as 只要你保证十一点以前回来……
8．as as 引导方式状语从句
9．than 比较状语从句
10．Since 前后为推理关系, 既然大家都懂这个, 那么咱们换一个。
状语从句在句中作状语，修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等。状语从句放在主句之前时，常用逗号分开；放在主句之后，一般不用逗号。状语从句按其意义和作用可分为时间、原因、条件、、让步、地点、目的、结果、方式、比较等九种。
1．时间状语从句
时间状语从句通常由when, while, as, before, after, (ever) since, till, until, as soon as等从属连词引导。
When he was skating round the lake, he suddenly fell.
I haven’t heard from him since he left school.
As soon as he appeared on the stage, the audience began to cheer.
注意：时间状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来意义。例如：
I will go on with the work when I come back tomorrow.
I will send you email as soon as I reach New York.
1）when, while, as引导时间状语从句时的异同
when引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词既可以是延续性动词，也可以是短暂性动词；从句的动作可以和主句的动作同时发生，也可以先于主句的动作发生，此时相当于after。当when从句谓语动词是延续性动词时，可与while互换。
I often missed my home a lot when I was abroad.. ( =while )
When they came home, I was cooking dinner. (不能用while)
When the film ended, people rushed out of the hall. ( =after )
when从句置于主句后面，同时从句中谓语动词又是短暂性动词时，常表示“此时突然……”。
I was walking along the street when I caught sight of a tailor’s shop.
He was enjoying his dinner when a loud noise came on the door.
while引导的动作必须是持续性的，强调主句和从句动作的同时发生，有时侧重主句和从句动作的对比。
He took a bath while I was preparing dinner.
as常可与when, while通用，但它较强调主句和从句动作的同时发生，常译作“边……边”也可用来说明两种正在发展和变化的情况，此时常译作“随着”。
He sang happily as he walked along the path.
The day gets longer and longer as summer comes.
2）until, till引导的时间状语从句
主句谓语动词为延续性动词时，主句和从句都用肯定句式，意为“一直到”，表示主句动作一直延续到until/till从句表示的时间才终止；主句谓语动词为短暂性动词时，主句用否定式，从句用肯定式，意思是“一直到才”，表示主句动作到until/till从句表示的时间才开始。
He worked until/till it was dark.
He didn’t work until/till it was dark.
until和till意义相同，通常可换用，但在强调结构、倒装句或句首，一般用until。例如：
I didn’t know about it until/till he told me.
It was not until he told me that I knew about it.
Not until he told me did I know about it.
3）since引导的时间状语从句和before引导的时间状语从句
since从句中的动词不同，其起算时间也不同。since + 瞬间动词过去时，从该动作发生时起算；since + 延续性动词过去时，从该动作结束时起算。试比较：
He has worked very hard since he entered the factory.
(enter为瞬间性动词，该句意为“从他入厂以来，他工作一直非常努力。”)
We haven’t seen each other since I worked in the factory.
(work为延续性动词，该句意为“从我不在工厂以来，我们没见过面。”可说成
We haven’t seen each other since I stopped working in the factory.）
since常用于It’s + some time + since sb. did sth.结构。试比较：
It’s two years since he joined the army. （他参军有两年了。）
It’s two years since he was a soldier. （他退役有两年了）
before有时可译为“还没……就”。如：
He had measured me before I could say a word. （我还没来得及说话他就给我量好了尺寸。）
I hadn’t waited long before he came. （我还没等多久他就来了。）
I slipped out before the lecture started. （还没等讲座开始我就溜了出去。）
before也可用于it结构，与since结构比较相似，注意它们所用时态的区别，其结构通常是
It will be + some time + before sb. does sth. 或It was + some time + before sb. did sth.. 可表示将来或过去两个概念。常译作“……才……”。例如：
He is leaving for Australia and it will be three years before he comes back.
(他要去澳大利亚了,三年后才会回来。)
(Duing the war he joined the army and it was three years before he came back.
（战争期间他参了军，三年后才回来了。）
4）as soon as等意为“一……就”的时间状语从句的几种不同表达
as soon as表示“一……就”，在表述已发生的动作时，hardly…when, no sooner…than也可表示同样的意思，但主句谓语动词要用过去完成时，从句用过去时，还可转换成倒装结构。
As soon as he saw the policeman, he ran away.
= He had hardly seen the policeman when he ran away.
= Hardly had he seen the policeman when he ran away.
= He had no sooner seen the policeman than he ran away.
= No sooner had he seen the policeman than he ran away.
immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the minute, the instant,也可引导时间状语从句，相当于as soon as的意思，用法也与as soon as基本相同。上述句子可转换成：
He ran away immediately/directly/instantly he saw the policeman.
He ran away the moment/the minute/the instant he saw the policeman.
5）the moment, the minute, the instant, the day, the year, the first time, last time, each/every time, next time, by the time等少数表示时间概念的短语也可引导时间状语从句。例如：
I recognized her the minute I saw her.
Her son was born the day Hongkong returned to its motherland.
He left Europe the year World War Ⅱ broke out.
He was attracted by the beauty of the city the first time he went there.
Last time I saw her, she was writing a book.
Don’t refer to the dictionary each/every time you come upon a new word.
I will go to the seaside next time I go to Dalian.
He had finished learning advanced mathematics by the time he was 14.
2．原因状语从句
1）原因状语从句通常由because, since, as引导。because引导的从句可以放在主句前，也可放在主句后面，表示直接的原因或理由，着重点在从句。回答why问句、用于强调结构都用because。如：
He had to do a part-time job after work because he needed money for his marriage.
---Why didn’t he come yesterday?
---Because he had something important to do.
It was because he lost it that he found it more valuable than ever.
since和as引导的原因从句更多见于句首，表示明显的、已知的事实，语气比because弱，分别可译作“既然”、“由于”，着重点在主句。
Since you have to stay at home, why don’t you do some shopping on computer?.
As the weather is fine, let’s go fishing.
for也可引导表示原因的句子，但它是个并列连词，通常表示一种推测的原因或附加的说明，语气最弱，一般不放在句首，前面常有逗号分隔。
It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.
2）now that, seeing that, considering that等也可以引导表示原因的从句, 语气相当于since，常译作“既然”，口语中that可省去。例如：
Now (that) my watch has been sold, what’s the use of the watch chain?
Seeing (that) you’re already at the door, I suppose I must invite you inside.
3．条件状语从句
条件句可分为真实条件句和非真实条件句，非真实条件句在虚拟语气中有详细表述，这里只讨论真实条件句。引导条件句常用的有if, unless, as(so) long as, in case等，when, once, suppose (that) 或supposing (that)，on condition that 也可引导表示条件的从句。条件状语从句和时间状语从句一样，表示将来要用一般现在时。例如：
The bell is rung if there is a fire.
We won’t let you in unless you show your pass.
You may use my bike as/so long as you return it before Friday.
In case anything important happens, please call me up.
Turn off the switch when anything goes wrong.
Once you taste the noodles, you’ll never forget their delicious flavour.
Suppose/Supposing (that) you fail again this time, what will you do?
He agreed to lend him the money on condition that he paid back three times more money in three months’ time.
4．让步状语从句
1）通常由though, although, even/though引导，主句中不能用but，但可用yet。如：
He didn’t light the fire though/although it was cold.
Although/though he is quite old, (yet) he still tries to learn more.
I’ll try to finish the work myself even if/though it takes me days.
3） whatever, whoever, whichever, whenever, wherever, however 引导状语从句时，分别相当于no matter what/who/which/when/where/how引导的从句，意为“无论……”。例如：
Whatever/No matter what he said, no one believed him.
Whoever/No matter who breaks the law, he will be punished.
Whichever/No matter which job you take, you should try to do well in it.
Whenever/No matter when I need his help, he comes immediately.
Wherever/No matter where you go, never forget your motherland.
However/No matter how busy he was, he would watch TV sports news every night.
注意whatever, whoever, whichever又可引导名词性从句，注意区别。可参阅本章第一节。
3）as引导让步状语从句要倒装，其结构通常是“noun/adj/adv + as + 主语+谓语(+其它成分)，主句”，可转换成though/although从句。
Child as he is, he knows a lot. （注意：名词前不用冠词）
=Although/Though he is a child, he knows a lot.
Difficult as the task was, they managed to finish it in time.
=Although/Though the task was difficult, they managed to finish it in time.
Much as I like it, I will not buy it.
=Although/Though I like it much, I will not buy it.
偶尔也可见用动词提前的让步状语从句。例如：
Try as he may, he can hardly do better than she.
=Although/Though he may try, he can hardly do better than she.
4）whether…or也可引导让步状语从句，相当于“no matter whether…or”。
Whether you come in winter or in summer, you will find it a nice place.
=No matter whether you come in winter or in summer, you will find it a nice place.
5．地点状语从句
1）地点状语从句常由where和wherever引导，通常可置于主句之前或之后。。
I found the books where I left them.
Make a mark where you have any questions.
We should go where(ver) we are most needed.
Where there is a will, there is a way.
Where there is water, there is life.
2）where引导的状语从句和where引导的定语从句常可转换，判断它属于哪类从句的关键是看where前面有没有被修饰的、表示地点的先行词。试比较：
Stand where you are! （状语从句）
Stand at the place where you are! （定语从句）
Bamboo grows best where it’s wet and rainy. （状语从句）
Bamboo grows best in places where it’s wet and rainy. （定语从句）
6．目的状语从句
1）目的状语从句通常由 (so) that, in order that引导,在口语或非正式文体中，有时也会用that或so引导。in order that 引导的目的从句可以放在主句后面，也可放在主句前面，而so that引导的从句通常放在主句后面。目的状语从句中的谓语常含有may(might), can(could), should, will等情态动词。例如：
He always takes a seat in the first row so that/in order that he can hear better.
（也可说成He always takes a seat in the first row so/that he can hear better.但用的较少。）
=In order that he can hear better, he always taked a seat in the first row.
The actress wore ordinary clothes in order that/so that she might not be recognized easily.
=In order that she might not be recognized easily, the actress wore ordinary clothes.
2）in case, for fear that, lest 等也可以引导目的状语从句，表示 “以防…、以免…” 。如：
He left early in case he should miss the train.
Take your raincoat in case it rains/should rain.
Mother hid the sweets and chocolates lest/for fear that her son should see them.
7．结果状语从句
1）结果状语从句常由so that, so… that, such… that等引导，放在主句之后，so…that与such…that句型在一定条件下可转换。例如：
The lift was out of order, so that we had to walk to the 18th floor.
He was so angry that he left the room without saying a word.
He made such an excellent speech that everyone admired him.
=He made so excellent a speech that everyone admired him.
在口语中也可用that引导结果从句。例如：
What have I said that he should be so angry with me?
2）so that引导结果状语从句和目的状语从句的辨别
so that从句之前有逗号的常为结果状语从句，因表示某一行为带来的结果，从句中的时态常为过去式；so that从句中有may(might), can(could), should, will等情态动词的通常是目的状语从句。例如：
I wrote as clearly as possible so that I might get high marks. （目的）
I wrote as clearly as possible, so that I got high marks. （结果）
He went to the lecture early so that he could get a good seat. （目的）
He went to the lecture early, so that he got a good seat. （结果）
8．方式状语从句
1）方式状语从句常由 (just) as, as if/though引导，表示动作的方式。
Do exactly as the doctor says.
He walked slowly as if/though he had hurt his leg.
注：在非正式文体中有时会用like代替as引导方式从句。
2）as if/though 引导的状语从句，若描述非事实情况，常用虚拟语气，若描述的是实际情况，用陈述语气。例如：
She treats the orphan as if/though he were her own child.
（他是孤儿，当然就不是她的亲生孩子，故用虚拟语气。）
It looks as if/though it’s going to rain.
（本句用的是陈述语气，说明天真象是要下雨了。）
3）the way 也可用来引导方式状语从句。例如：
Mary smiled the way (in which/that) her mother did at her age.
（马丽跟她母亲在她那个年纪时笑起来一个样。）
9．比较状语从句
1）比较状语从句常由as … as, not so (as) … as, than引导。比较从句部分常为省略句。例如：
His brother is as handsome as he (is)/him. （非正式英语中可用宾格him）
He swims faster than any other student in his class (does).
2）通常把the more…the more…结构也归为比较从句，意为“越……越”。如：
The harder you work, the greater progress you’ll make.
The less she worred, the better she worked.
典型例题分析
1．If we work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty, ____ great it is. (’95)
A what B how C however D whatever
解析：本题考查-ever类词引导让步状语从句的用法。根据句意“无论困难有多大”，排除答案A/B，whatever=no matter what，后面跟名词或直接跟从句，however=no matter how，后跟形容词或副词，再接主语和谓语，故答案为C。
2．Mother was worried because Alice was ill, especially ____ Father was away in France. (’94)
A as B that Cduring D if
解析：根据前半句“妈妈因为Alice病了很着急”，后面有表示递进意义的词especially，顺着句意推测，应该是“尤其是因为父亲远在法国”，表示原因，故答案为A。注意during是介词，不能引导从句。
3．Why do you want a new job ____ you’ve got such a good one already? (’98)
A that B where C which D when
解析：本题考查when引导原因状语从句的特殊用法。本句意为“既然你已经有了一个好工作，为什么还要找份新工作呢？”A/B/C都没有表示原因的意思，不符合句意，故答案为D。
4．---What was the party like?
---Wonderful! It’s years ____ I enjoyed myself so much. (’93)
A after B before C when D since
解析：本题考查学生对”“It’s some time since sb. did sth.”结构的掌握，因一A/C般不用于此类句型，因此干扰最强的是before，而before常用句型为“It will be some time before sb. does sth.”，根据句子的意思及句中所用的时态，D为最佳选择。
5．We won’t give up ____ we should fail ten times. (’93)
A even if B since C whether D until
解析：解本题的关键是弄清空格前后两部分的关系，最佳的连接关系应该是“即使失败十次，我们也不放弃。” 符合句意的只有答案A。
6．John shut everybody out of the kitchen ____he could prepare his grand surprise for the party.
A which B when C so that D as if
解析：分析句子意思，发现“John把每个人都关在厨房外”的目的就是为了“能够准备他那别出心裁的晚会”，从句中的could是目的状语从句的标志，因此答案为能够引导目的状语从句的so that ( C )。
7．After the war, a new school building was put up ____ there had once been a theatre. (’97)
A that B where C which D when
解析：分析题干和选项，不难发现句子要表达的意思，“战后，在过去的剧院旧址上，新建了一所学校。”从空格到句末应该是一个表示地点的状语从句，故答案为B。
8．It is generally considered unwise to give a child ____ he or she wants. (97’)
A however B whatever C whichever D whenever
解析：本题句中从空格处到句末为一宾语从句，作give的直接宾语，因此排除答案A和D，而whichever引导名词性从句时， 所指代的名词应是已知范围内的人或物，通常在上文已经提到过或者在whichever后有该名词或of结构。Whatever在引导名词性从句时意为“anything that”，用于不定范围的情况，本句意为“一般认为孩子要什么就给什么是不明智的”，不确指什么东西，因此答案为B。
摘自《新编名师导学》
苏州市苏苑中学 许凤编写
Unit13 状语从句
一、考点聚焦%
1、时间状语从句
（1）as、when、while用法一览表。
类别 作 用 例 句
as as表示“当……的时候”，往往和when/ while通用，但它着重强调主句与从句的动作或事情同时或几乎同时发生。 She came up as I was cooking.(同时)
The runners started as the gun went off.(几乎同时)
when (at or during the time that )既可以表示在某一点的时候，又可表示在某一段时间内，主句与从句的动作或事情可以同时发生也可以先后发生。 It was raining when we arrived.(指时间点)
When we were at school, we went to the library every day.(在一段时间内)
while while意思是“当……的时候”或“在某一段时间里”。主句中的动作或事情在从句中的动作或事情的进展过程中发生，从句中的动词一般要用延续性动词。在when表示a period of time时，两者可以互换。 Please don’t talk so loud while others are working.
He fell asleep while/when reading. Strike while the iron is hot.(用as或when不可，这里的while意思是“趁……”)
（2）引导时间状语从句的连接词除上述外还有：
①till, not … until …, until, before, since
Don’t get off the bus until it has stopped.
He waited for his father until(till)it was twelve o’clock.
It will be five years before he returns from England.
②hardly / scarcely … when, no sooner … than, as soon as once
表示“一……就”
As soon as I have finished it , I’ll give yu a call.
Once you show any fear, he will attack you.
We had hardly got / Hardly had we got into the country when it
began to rain.
No sooner had he arrived / He had no sooner arrived than she started complaining.
③directly, immediately, the moment, the minute that… 一……就
He made for the door directly he heard the knock.
④each time, every time, by the time
Each time he came to my city, he would call on me.
注意：表示未来情况，主句用将来时，从句用现在时。
2、让步状语从句
（1）although与though可以引导让步状语从句，不能与but连用，但可以与yet连用。
Although they are poor,(yet)they are warm-hearted.
（2）even if或even though引导让步状语从句，表示“即使”，“纵然”，用来使人注意下文所强调内容的性质。
I’ll get there even if(though)I have to sell my house to get enough money to go by air.
（3）no matter后接上who、what、where、how等疑问词，也可以在这类疑问词后面加上ever构成whoever、whatever、wherever、however等。
Don’t trust him, no matter what / whatever he says.
Whoever breaks the law will be published.
No matter how hard the work is, you’d better try to do it well.
（4）as也可以引导让步状语从句。要用倒装。
Child as(though)he is, he knows a lot.
Much as I like it, I won’t buy.
Try as he would, he couldn’t lift the heavy box.
3、原因状语从句：because, for, as, since, now that
（1）表示不知道的原因时用because,即说话人认为听话人不知道，因此because从句是全句最重要的部分，通常它被置于主句之后。
You want to know why I’m leaving? I’m leaving because I’m full.
for虽然表示不知道的原因，但其语气较because要弱得多，是可说可不说的话，它只能置于主句之后，这时，for是并列连词。如果不是因果关系，而是对前面主句的内容加以解释或推断时，只能用for。如：It’s morning now, for the birds are singing.（很显然，鸟叫不可能是“现在已是早上”的原因。）
（2）表示已经知道的原因时用as或since,即某种原因在说话人看来已经很明显，或已为听话人所熟悉，因此它是句中不很重要的部分。since要比as正式一些，它们通常被置于语句之前，但有时却相反。
Seeing all of the children already seated, he said,“Since everyone is here, let’s start.”
(3)下列情况下只能使用because:
①在回答why的问句时；
②在用于强调句型时；
③被not所否定时。
4、地点状语从句：where, wherever
Make a mark wherever you have any questions.
We will go where the Party directs us.
5、目的状语从句：that, so that, in order that
注意：目的状语从句的谓语动词常与情态动词连用，否则可能是结果状语从句。不可置于句首。
6、结果状语从句：that, so that, so … that, such … that …
注意：so + 形容词/副词 + that从句；such + 名词 + that从句。
7、方式状语从句：as, as if(though)
I’ll do as I am told to.
It looks as if it is going to rain.
8、比较状语从句：than, as
9、条件状语从句：if, unless, so (as) long as, in case, once, a far as, on condition that.
注意if与unless的区别：不能用and连接两个unless从句，即不能有… unless …,and unless … 。但if … not and if … not却不受此限。
You won’t lose your weight unless you eat less and unless you exercise more.(×)
但可以说 … unless you eat less and exercise more.
10、注意状语从句中从句的省略现象
（1）连接词 + 过去分词
Don’t speak until spoken to.
Pressure can be incrased when needed.
Unless repaired, the washing machine is no use.
（2）连词 + 现在分词
Look out while crossing the street.
（3）连词 + 形容词/其他
常见的有it necessary、if possible、when necessary、if any等。
二、精典名题导解'
选择填空
1. I don’t think I’ll need any money but I’ll bring some ____________.
(NMET )
A.as last B.in case C.once again D.in time
解析：答案为B。句意为“带些钱以防万一”，只能选择in case。引导的条件状语从句，后面省略了I should need it。
2. The WTO can’t live up to its name _________ it doesn’t include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind.（NMET 2000）
A.as long as B.while C.if D.even though
解析：答案为C。本题考查状语从句的用法。句意为“假如世贸组织不包括占世界人口五分之一的中国的话，那它就名不副实”。as long as语气过于强烈，while和even though不符合句意。
3、Someone called me up in the middle of the night, but they hung up_________I could answer the phone.(NMET 2000)
A.as B.since C.before D.until
解析：答案为C。题意为：半夜里有人打来电话，我没来得及就挂了。but暗示在接话前就挂了。
目的状语从句的一个特点:由于目的都是未来的行为，所以从句中一般用表示未来可能性时态，当然还可以用will,would,can等等。
1、由so...the...和 such...that...引导的目的状语从句，应该注意可能出现的以下结构，例如：
I am telling you that lest you should make a mistake.
我告诉你这一点，以免你搞错。
so nice a boy that…
such a nice boy that…
so beautiful/diligent/carefully … that…
such (fine weather/great improvement) that…
2、so that引导的结果状语从句是我们在英语学习中经常见到的一个词组，例如：
1)She worked hard so that everything would be ready by 5 o'clock.
她努力工作，以便在五点前是一切都就绪。
2)She looked down so that she should not see his eyes.
她垂下目光，使她看不到他的眼睛。
3)Everyone lend a hand, so that the sowing was done in time.
3、so much so that的用法，该结构用于形容词或副词之后，表示“到如此程度以致于”。例如：
He was very weak, so much so that he could not walk.
I long to visit Beijing, so much so that I dream about it every night.
4、in order(that)“以便” to the end that “为……起见，以便”例句:
1)He works hard in order that his family may be happy.
为了让家人幸福，他努力工作。
2)He shouted at the top of his voice,to the that(=in order that)he might be heard.
他高声呼喊，为的是让人们能听见他的说话。
5、含有情态动词的目的状语从句，例句:
1)I am punishing the child lest he should make the same mistake.
我惩罚那个孩子，以免他再犯同样的错误。
2)She took her umbrella lest it(should)rain.
他带了把雨伞，唯恐天要下雨。
3)Lest the wall(should)collapse,they evacuated the buliding.
他们撤离了大楼，以防墙壁倒塌。
6、in case既可引导目的状语从句，也可引导条件状语从句，主要视句意而定：
1)In case he comes, let me know.
如果他来，告诉我一声。
2)Tell me in case you get into difficulty.
遇到困难请告诉我。
in case引导目的状语从句，从句有时可用“should+动词原形”这样的形式：
Take your coat in case it rains (should rain). 带着雨衣以防下雨。
一、状语从句的用法
1、时间状语从句
常用引导词:when, as, while, as soon as, while, before, after, since , till, until
特殊引导词:the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day,the instant, immediately , directly, no sooner … than, hardly …when, scarcely … when
I didn't realize how special my mother was until I became an adult.
While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking.
The children ran away from the orchard(果园) the moment they saw the guard.
No sooner had I arrived home than it began to rain.
Every time I listen to your advice, I get into trouble.
2、地点状语从句
常用引导词:where
特殊引导词:wherever, anywhere, everywhere
Generally, air will be heavily polluted where there are factories.
Wherever you go, you should work hard.
3、原因状语从句
常用引导词:because, since, as, for
特殊引导词:seeing that, now that, in that, considering that, given that, considering that, as much as, so much as
My friends dislike me because I'm handsome and successful.
Now that everybody has come, let's begin our conference.
The higher income tax is harmful in that it may discourage people from trying to earn more.
Considering that he is no more than 12 years old, his height of 1.80 m is quite remarkable.
4、目的状语从句
常用引导词:so that, in order that
特殊引导词:lest, in case, for fear that,in the hope that, for the purpose that, to the end that
The boss asked the secretary to hurry up with the letters so that he could sign them.
The teacher raised his voice on purpose that the students in the back could hear more clearly.
5、结果状语从句
常用引导词:so that, so… that, such … that,
特殊引导词:such that, to the degree that, to the extent that, to such a degree that,
He got up so early that he caught the first bus.
It's such a good chance that we must not miss it.
To such an degree was he excited that he couldn't sleep last night.
6、条件状语从句
常用引导词:if, unless,
特殊引导词:as/so long as, only if, providing/provided that, suppose that, in case that, on condition that
We'll start our project if the president agrees.
You will certainly succeed so long as you keep on trying.
Provided that there is no opposition, we shall hold the meeting here.
7、让步状语从句
常用引导词:though, although, even if, even though
特殊引导词: as(用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装),while ( 一般用在句首 ),no matter …, in spite of the fact that, while, whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whichever
Much as I respect him, I can't agree to his proposal.
尽管我很尊敬他, 我却不同意他的建议。
The old man always enjoys swimming even though the weather is rough.
No matter how hard he tried, she could not change her mind.
He won't listen whatever you may say.
8、比较状语从句
常用引导词:as(同级比较), than(不同程度的比较)
特殊引导词:the more … the more … ; just as …, so…; A is to B what /as X is to Y; no … more than; not A so much as B
She is as bad-tempered as her mother.
The house is three times as big as ours.
The more you exercise, the healthier you will be.
Food is to men what oil is to machine. 食物之于人,犹如油之于机器。
9、方式状语从句
常用引导词:as, as if, how
特殊引导词:the way
When in Rome, do as the Roman do.
She behaved as if she were the boss.
Sometimes we teach our children the way our parents have taught us.
二、状语从句练习题
1. —What was the party like?
—Wonderful. It’s years __________I enjoyed myself so much.
A. after B. before C. when D. since
2. Mother was worried because little Alice was ill, especially _______Father was away in France.
A. as B. that C. during D. if
3. Why do you want a new job __________you got such a good one already?
A. that B. where C. which D. when
4. After the war, a new school building was put up ___________there had once been a theatre.
A. that B. where C. which D. when
5. You will be late ______________you leave immediately.
A. unless B. until C. if D. or
6. ___________, Mother will wait for him to have dinner together.
A. However late is he B. However he is late
C. However is he late D. However late he is
7. If we work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty, ______________great it is.
A. what B. how C. however D. whatever
8. We won’t give up ______________we should fail ten times.
A. even if B. since C. whether D. until
9. She doesn’t speak ____________her friend, but her written work is excellent.
A. as well as B. so often as C. so much as D. as good as
10. He’ll be happy ____________he may be.
A. when B. if C. because D. wherever
1—5 DADBA 6—10 DCAAD
11. The new secretary is supposed to report to the manager as soon as she ______________.
A. will arrive B. arrives C. is arriving D. is going to arrive
12. The volleyball match will be put off if it _______________.
A. will rain B. rains C. rained D. is raining
13. Remember to send me a photo of your son next time you ____________to me.
A. write B. will write C. are writing D. would write
14. If city noises __________from increasing, people ___________shout to be heard even at the
dinner table in 20 years from now.
A. are not kept; will have to B. are not kept; have to
C. do not deep; will have to D. do not deep; have to
15. I need one more stamp before my collection ____________.
A. has completed B. completes C. has been completed D. is completed
16. As she _________the newspaper, Granny _________asleep.
A. read, was falling B. was reading, fell
C. was reading, was falling D. read, fell
17. If it __________for the snow, we ___________the mountain yesterday.
A. were not; could have climbed B. were not; could climb
C. had not been; could have climbed D. had not been; could climb
18. —If he _________, he ___________tat food.
—Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.
A. was warned; would not take B. had been warned; would not have taken
C. would be warned; had not taken D. had driven; wouldn’t have got
19. It is 50 years _____________the People’s Republic of China was founded.
A. after B. before C. when D. since
20. ___________the sun rises, all the stars in the sky disappear.
A. The moment B. Before C. Till D. For
11—15 BBAAD 16—20 BCBDA
★ 状语从句的定义
★ 状语从句的时态
★ 宾语从句的用法
