以下是小编精心整理的英语形容词翻译的小窍门（共含5篇），供大家阅读参考。同时，但愿您也能像本文投稿人“lovely860116”一样，积极向本站投稿分享好文章。
一些原义并没有否定意思的形容词和别的词搭配，有时可译成否定句。
1. These goods are in short supply.
这些货物供应不足。
2. This equation is far from being complicated.
这个方程一定也不复杂。
为了使译文自然流畅，读起来顺口，在一些形容词前面可根据上下文内容加上副词很、最等字。
1. It was as pleasant a day as I have ever spent.
这是我度过最愉快的一天。
2. It is easy to compress a gas.
气体很容易压缩。
有时可将英语的形容词+名词短语译成汉语的主谓结构。
1. She spoke in a high voice.
她讲话声音很尖。
2. This engine develops a high torque.
这台发动机产生的转矩很大。
如果一个名词前有几个形容词修饰，英译时应根据汉语习惯决定其顺序。
1. a large brick conference hall
一个用砖砌的大会议厅
2. a plastic garden chair
一把在花园里用的塑料椅子
英语中一些表示知觉、情感、欲望等心理状态的形容词，同连系动词构成复合谓语时，翻译时可将形容词译成动词。
1. You are ignorant of the duties you undertake in marrying.
你完全不懂你在婚姻方面承担的责任。
2. Such criticisms have become familiar in his later commentaries on America.
类似的批评在他后来写的评论美国的文章中屡见不鲜。
3. He is truly sorry for his past, and he has undertaken to give up motorcars entirely and for ever.
他诚恳地忏悔过去，并保证永远不再玩汽车。
由于语言习惯不同，英语里的形容词有时译成汉语副词。
1. I am going to be good and sweet and kind to every body.
我要对每一个人都亲切、温柔、甜蜜。
2. He asked me for a full account of myself and family.
他详尽地问起我自己和我家里的情况。
3. Another war will be the absolute end of our country.
再来一次战争将彻底毁灭我们这个国家。
一些原义并没有否定意思的形容词和别的词搭配，有时可译成否定句。
1. These goods are in short supply.
这些货物供应不足。
2. This equation is far from being complicated.
这个方程一定也不复杂。
为了使译文自然流畅，读起来顺口，在一些形容词前面可根据上下文内容加上副词很、最等字。
1. It was as pleasant a day as I have ever spent.
这是我度过最愉快的一天。
2. It is easy to compress a gas.
气体很容易压缩。
有时可将英语的形容词+名词短语译成汉语的主谓结构。
1. She spoke in a high voice.
她讲话声音很尖。
2. This engine develops a high torque.
这台发动机产生的转矩很大。
如果一个名词前有几个形容词修饰，英译时应根据汉语习惯决定其顺序。
1. a large brick conference hall
一个用砖砌的大会议厅
2. a plastic garden chair
一把在花园里用的塑料椅子
英语中一些表示知觉、情感、欲望等心理状态的形容词，同连系动词构成复合谓语时，翻译时可将形容词译成动词。
1. You are ignorant of the duties you undertake in marrying.
你完全不懂你在婚姻方面承担的责任。
2. Such criticisms have become familiar in his later commentaries on America.
类似的批评在他后来写的评论美国的文章中屡见不鲜。
3. He is truly sorry for his past, and he has undertaken to give up motorcars entirely and for ever.
他诚恳地忏悔过去，并保证永远不再玩汽车。
由于语言习惯不同，英语里的形容词有时译成汉语副词。
1. I am going to be good and sweet and kind to every body.
我要对每一个人都亲切、温柔、甜蜜。
2. He asked me for a full account of myself and family.
他详尽地问起我自己和我家里的情况。
3. Another war will be the absolute end of our country.
再来一次战争将彻底毁灭我们这个国家。
[高考英语形容词翻译小窍门]
英语和汉语语言结构和表达习惯有很多差异之处，翻译时往往能死扣原文逐词逐句译出。本文拟谈谈形容词的翻译问题。译好形容词是使译文通顺、流畅的一个环节。
一、一些原义并无否定意思的形容词和别的词搭配，有时可译成否定句。
1. These goods are in short supply.
这些货物供应不足。
2. This equation is far from being complicated.
这个方程一定也不复杂。
二、为了使译文自然流畅，读起来顺口，在一些形容词前可根据上下文内容加上副词“很”、“最”等字。
1. It was as pleasant a day as I have ever spent.
这是我度过最愉快的一天。
2. It is easy to compress a gas.
气体很容易压缩。
三、有时可将英语的“形容词+名词短语”译成汉语的主谓结构1到100的英语单词。
1. She spoke in a high voice.
她讲话声音很尖。
2. This engine develops a high torque.
这台发动机产生的转矩很大。
四、如果一个名词前有几个形容词修饰，英译时应根据汉语习惯决定其顺序。
1. a large brick conference hall
一个用砖砌的大会议厅
2. a plastic garden chair
一把在花园里用的塑料椅子
五、英语中一些表示知觉、情感、欲望等心理状态的形容词，同连系动词构成复合谓语时，翻译时可将形容词译成动词。
1. You are ignorant of the duties you undertake in marrying.
你完全不懂你在婚姻方面承担的责任。
2. Such criticisms have become familiar in his later commentaries on America.
类似的批评在他后来写的评论美国的文章中屡见不鲜。
3. He is truly sorry for his past, and he has undertaken to give up motorcars entirely and forever.
他诚恳地忏悔过去，并保证永远不再玩汽车。
六、由于语言习惯不同，英语里的形容词有时译成汉语副词。
1. I am going to be good and sweet and kind to every body.
我要对每一个人都亲切、温柔、甜蜜。
2. He asked me for a full account of myself and family.
他详尽地问起我自己和我家里的情况。
3. Another war will be the absolute end of our country.
再来一次战争将彻底毁灭我们这个国家
翻译技巧：英语形容词翻译的小窍门
一、一些原义并无否定意思的形容词和别的词搭配，有时可译成否定句。
1. These goods are in short supply.
这些货物供应不足。
2. This equation is far from being complicated.
这个方程一定也不复杂。
二、为了使译文自然流畅，读起来顺口，在一些形容词前可根据上下文内容加上副词“很”、“最”等字。
1. It was as pleasant a day as I have ever spent.
这是我度过最愉快的一天。
2. It is easy to compress a gas.
气体很容易压缩。
三、有时可将英语的“形容词+名词短语”译成汉语的主谓结构1到100的英语单词。
1. She spoke in a high voice.
她讲话声音很尖。
2. This engine develops a high torque.
这台发动机产生的转矩很大。
四、如果一个名词前有几个形容词修饰，英译时应根据汉语习惯决定其顺序。
1. a large brick conference hall
一个用砖砌的大会议厅
2. a plastic garden chair
一把在花园里用的塑料椅子
五、英语中一些表示知觉、情感、欲望等心理状态的形容词，同连系动词构成复合谓语时，翻译时可将形容词译成动词。
1. You are ignorant of the duties you undertake in marrying.
你完全不懂你在婚姻方面承担的责任。
2. Such criticisms have become familiar in his later commentaries on America.
类似的批评在他后来写的评论美国的文章中屡见不鲜。
3. He is truly sorry for his past, and he has undertaken to give up motorcars entirely and for ever.
他诚恳地忏悔过去，并保证永远不再玩汽车。
六、由于语言习惯不同，英语里的形容词有时译成汉语副词。
1. I am going to be good and sweet and kind to every body.
我要对每一个人都亲切、温柔、甜蜜。
2. He asked me for a full account of myself and family.
他详尽地问起我自己和我家里的情况。
3. Another war will be the absolute end of our country.
再来一次战争将彻底毁灭我们这个国家
上半年翻译资格考试一级笔译考试精选习题
How to Deal with a Changing Workplace: Worry Less, Prepare More
工作环境变化应如何应对?少担忧，多准备
“The only thing we have to fear is fear itself,” President Franklin Roosevelt told the country in 1933. His message came amid the epic unemployment of the Great Depression, but the same fear over jobs is very much alive today.
美国前总统富兰克林·罗斯福在1933年曾向国家宣布：“我们唯一值得恐惧的是恐惧本身。”他是在美国大萧条期间失业潮肆虐时发表的这番讲话。然而，人们如今又陷入了同样的失业恐惧当中。
More than 75% of U.S. households are anxious about job loss related to automation, artificial intelligence, and globalization, according to former U.S. Secretary of Commerce, Penny Pritzker. Speaking at Fortune’s Brainstorm Tech conference in Aspen, Colo., on last Monday, Pritzker said this fear is unhealthy and that the country has to do more to prepare Americans for a changing workplace.
美国商务部前任部长佩妮·普利茨克称，超过75%的美国家庭对自动化、人工智能和全球化引发的工作岗位消失感到担忧。普利茨克上周一在科罗拉多州阿斯彭市举办的《财富》科技头脑风暴大会上讲话时指出，这种恐惧是不健康的，而且美国应开展更多的工作，帮助美国人应对工作环境的变化。
“In the U.S., there’s a friction between education and being ready for work. We need to make it easier for people to get skills,” said Pritzker, who led a task force by the Council on Foreign Relations that recently issued a major report on the issue.
普利茨克说：“在美国，教育和职业培训之间存在摩擦。我们应提供更多的便利，帮助人们获取相关技能。”外交关系委员会的一个工作组最近围绕该议题发布了一篇重要报道，该工作组的负责人便是普利茨克。
She added that the U.S. should emulate the likes of Germany and Switzerland, and boost the amount of practical apprenticeships available to Americans. Pritzker also stressed that American families need to see a career path from the tenth grade into a workplace in which robots and machine learning will have a bigger and bigger place.
她还指出，美国应效仿德国和瑞士的做法，为美国民众提供更多实用的实习机会。普利茨克还强调，美国家庭应看到，孩子们从十年级开始便有一条直通职场的道路，而且在未来职场中，机器人和机器学习将发挥越来越大的作用。
This notion that the country must spend less time fearing automation, and more time preparing for it is shared by Bradley Tusk, who runs the venture capital firm Tusk Ventures. He cited the example of automated trucking, which will eliminate jobs but also give rise to new ones.
美国不应耗费过多的时间去恐惧自动化，而是应该投入更多的精力为现状做准备，这一观点也得到了布拉德利·塔斯克的首肯。布拉德利运营着风投资本公司Tusk Ventures。他列举了自动化卡车运输这个案例，虽然它导致了一些工作的消亡，但也催生出了一些新工作。
Pritzker and Tusk also identified immigration as another pain point in the U.S. workforce.
普利茨克和塔斯克还发现，移民是美国劳动力的另一个痛点。
“If you look at the polling, and get the politics out of it, you see Americans want legal immigration to work well,” said Tusk, who says immigration is among many controversial topics on which most of the country agrees. The trouble, he added, is the current political system, in which activist primary voters hold sway, thwarts compromise and consensus.
塔斯克表示：“如果看看民调，并剔除其中的政治因素，我们就会知道，美国民众希望这些合法移民能够很好地工作。”他还指出，移民是众多颇具争议的话题之一，这一点大多数国家都有同感。他表示，问题的源头在于当前的政治体系，其中，激进的初选民众处于统治地位，而反对者则不断妥协并与其达成共识。
Tusk said on stage at Brainstorm Tech on last Monday that the country needs a simpler voting system, in which citizens could cast ballots with their smartphones. He claimed this would increase voter participation and elect more politicians who would enact middle-of-the-road solutions on immigration and other issues.
塔斯克上周一在科技头脑风暴大会的演讲中指出，美国应简化其投票系统，从而让其民众可以通过其智能手机投票。他表示，此举将提升选民的参与度，同时选出更多能够围绕移民和其他问题，推出中间方案的政客。
Solving the immigration impasse may also be critical to the future health of the American workforce. According to Pritzker, immigration is driving growth in foreign cities like Toronto, while the U.S. is pursuing policies, including restrictions on spousal visas, that make it harder to attract talent.
解决移民僵局可能对于美国未来劳动力的健康度至关重要。普利茨克称，移民正在推动多伦多这类城市的增长，而美国奉行的政策，包括配偶签证限制，加大了美国吸引人才的难度。
“It’s crazy to say you get an H1-b visa but your spouse can’t work,” she said.
她说：“你拿到了H1-b签证，但你的配偶却不能工作，这一点听起来真的是不可思议。”
Both Pritzker and Tusk said, for now, the U.S. government may not be able to muster the political will to solve the hard questions over training and immigration. Instead, they said the best chance for reform may come from state and local politicians.
普利茨克和塔斯克都曾表示，如今，美国政府可能无法揽获足够的政治意愿，来解决职业培训和移民这类难题。然而，他们说，最有可能出现的改革可能会源于州或当地的政客。
2020上半年翻译资格考试一级笔译考试精选习题
Inside the Pop-up Economy
几千块就能开家小店?英国出现“快闪店”电商平台
In the dirge of news about retail failure, where once impregnable institutions like House of Fraser and Marks and Spencer are now husks of their former selves, the high street would seem to be in mortal danger. Right? Wrong, says Ross Bailey, a 26-year-old retail entrepreneur: “The problem is that most high-street stores are crap.”
零售企业纷纷倒下。曾经坚不可摧的House of Fraser和马莎百货(Marks and Spencer)如今都只剩下一具躯壳。挽歌唱响，高街零售业似乎走到了生死关头。难道不对吗?当然不对!在26岁的零售企业家罗斯·贝利(Ross Bailey)看来，“问题出在大多数高街百货商店品质堪忧。”
Lest we forget, 90 per cent of sales are still made in bricks-and-mortar buildings. But shorter leases, changing consumer loyalties and online stores have changed the way we shop. And traditional stores are increasingly being replaced by more short-term “pop-up” solutions.
先提醒一句，目前社会消费品销售总额的90%仍是在实体店完成的。但随着商铺租约的缩短，消费者忠诚度不断变化，加上电商的发展，我们的购物方式也在改变。此外，传统商店正逐步让位于经营期限更短的“快闪”(Pop-up)模式。
“The death of the high street is grossly exaggerated,” Bailey continues. “It dies when it’s homogenous and uninteresting. When it’s done right, it’s a totally different story.”
“高街的衰亡被过分夸大了。”贝利接着说道，“如果高街零售商继续同质化经营和无趣，消亡是不可避免的。但如果经营得当，情况会完全不同。”
In , Bailey founded Appear Here, an online marketplace for short-term retail designed to disrupt the commercial space. Brands go to the website to search for a space, book a time slot and earmark a budget and then Appear Here connects them with a landlord.
，贝利创建了零售商铺短租平台Appear Here，旨在颠覆商业地产市场。品牌可以通过该平台搜索场地，列出时间段和预算，而Appear Here则会为他们介绍房东。
If the brand and the landlord are a match, the deal goes ahead. Some shops pop up for only a week, others rent for years – either way, it’s a “pay as you go” business, where even the most powerful brands can test a new market without long-term commitment.
如果品牌与房东的要求匹配，就达成交易。一些商铺仅摆设一周时间，有些则会租上数年——无论哪种，都采取“现收现付”模式。就连那些最有影响力的品牌都可以通过这种模式来试水新市场，而不必签下长期合约。
Today, Bailey oversees a network that includes 160,000 brands and 6,000 retail spaces, throughout London, Paris and New York, and represents every kind of business, from the tiniest market-stall artisans to the most powerful brands in the world, such as Apple, Nike and Louis Vuitton. And the shops just keep popping.
如今，贝利的服务范围包括16万个品牌和6000个零售场地，覆盖了伦敦、巴黎和纽约全城，遍布每一个行业——从最微小的市场摆摊手艺人，到苹果、耐克和路易威登等全球最有影响力的品牌。且快闪商店还在持续增多。
This week, Appear Here launches its next innovation, a six-part collection of modular furniture designed for short-term retail. The pieces can be rented by the week, come in three different finishes, and include everything the modern shopkeeper might need, from a hanging rail to a fitting room to a shelving unit and a cash desk.
日前，Appear Here推出了又一项创新：由6部分组成的模块家具。这套家具专门为短租零售而设计。家具可以按周租赁，有三种不同漆面，包括了现代商店可能用到的一切：从衣架、试衣间，到货架和收银台。
The collection was designed by Richard Found, whose day job is tending to the look of luxury commercial spaces. He describes the fixtures as “ego-less”, with a focus on “pure design”. All can be adapted to any environment and it’s sleek, simple – and idiot-proof.
这套家具由理查德·方德(Richard Found)设计，他的正业是为奢侈品牌设计门店。在他眼中，这些固定装置做到了“无我”，专注于“纯设计”。所有装置都能适应各种环境，造型流线，简洁，且易于安装。
The incentives for such a collaboration are many. First, it will scale the business, increasing Appear Here’s profile as a one-stop pop-up platform through which you can also staff and service your store. Second, it will offer even the humblest of retailers a little more luxury gloss.
合作设计这样一套家具是出于多项考虑。首先，这样能促进规模化运营，提升Appear Here作为一站式快闪平台的形象——人们可以通过该平台为商店雇人和购买服务。其次，这能为哪怕是最不起眼的零售商增添一丝高级感。
Both are feeling bullish about the future of the high street. But they insist it must adapt. “Your store doesn’t need to be in one place anymore,” says Bailey. “Before, if you didn’t have your store, your business was over because where would the person find you? Now you’ve always got a presence that exists.”
对于高街零售业的未来，二人都持乐观态度。但他们坚称高街必须适应新形势。“你的商店没必要固守在一个地方。”贝利表示，“以前，倘若没有自己的店面，你的生意就完了，因为人们该去哪里找你?但现在你永远都有实体窗口。”
And he’s persuasive on the power of the pop-up as a marketing tool. “Digital direct-to-consumer brands are now paying so much for digital advertising.” With social-media reach and the right user-friendly experience, “one little shop can create something that builds a connection with millions of people that don’t even happen to walk past it. Experience is a currency that spreads.”
此外，他关于快闪店营销功能的看法也非常有说服力。“目前，直接面向消费者(DTC)的数字品牌在数字广告方面投入巨大。”有了社交媒体的宣传，再能提供友好的用户体验，“一家小店可以与数百万消费者建立联系，哪怕这些消费者并没有亲自路过。体验就是流通货币。”
Bailey’s hope is that the pop-up will help make the high street “a place of discovery” once more. “Anyone can have a shop,” he says.
贝利希望，快闪模式能帮助高街零售商店再一次成为“充满发现之地”。 “人人都能开店。”
Some of his favourite anecdotes concern the more unusual enterprises he’s helped bring to life – like the parents who, in lieu of an iPad, bought their son a ?600 birthday pop-up from which to launch his T-shirt brand for two weeks.
他最喜欢讲的一些趣事，就是他帮助实现的那些不寻常的店铺——例如，一对父母花费600英镑，给他们的儿子买了一个为期两周的快闪店作为生日礼物，而不是iPad，用来发布他的T恤品牌。
英语翻译
翻译技巧：英语形容词翻译窍门
一、一些原义并无否定意思的形容词和别的词搭配，有时可译成否定句。
1. These goods are in short supply.
这些货物供应不足。
2. This equation is far from being complicated.
这个方程一定也不复杂。
二、为了使译文自然流畅，读起来顺口，在一些形容词前可根据上下文内容加上副词“很”、“最”等字。
1. It was as pleasant a day as I have ever spent.
这是我度过最愉快的一天。
2. It is easy to compress a gas.
气体很容易压缩。
三、有时可将英语的“形容词+名词短语”译成汉语的主谓结构1到100的英语单词。
1. She spoke in a high voice.
她讲话声音很尖。
2. This engine develops a high torque.
这台发动机产生的转矩很大。
四、如果一个名词前有几个形容词修饰，英译时应根据汉语习惯决定其顺序。
1. a large brick conference hall
一个用砖砌的大会议厅
2. a plastic garden chair
一把在花园里用的塑料椅子
五、英语中一些表示知觉、情感、欲望等心理状态的形容词，同连系动词构成复合谓语时，翻译时可将形容词译成动词。
1. You are ignorant of the duties you undertake in marrying.
你完全不懂你在婚姻方面承担的责任。
2. Such criticisms have become familiar in his later commentaries on America.
类似的批评在他后来写的评论美国的文章中屡见不鲜。
3. He is truly sorry for his past, and he has undertaken to give up motorcars entirely and for ever.
他诚恳地忏悔过去，并保证永远不再玩汽车。
六、由于语言习惯不同，英语里的形容词有时译成汉语副词。
1. I am going to be good and sweet and kind to every body.
我要对每一个人都亲切、温柔、甜蜜。
2. He asked me for a full account of myself and family.
他详尽地问起我自己和我家里的情况。
3. Another war will be the absolute end of our country.
再来一次战争将彻底毁灭我们这个国家
2020年翻译资格考试(catti)一级笔译材料
Facebook: Imperial Ambitions
Facebook：帝国野心
Mark Zuckerberg prepares to fight for dominance of the next era of computing
马克·扎克伯格准备为争夺下一个计算时代的统治地位而战
Not since the era of imperial Rome has the “thumbs-up” sign been such a potent and public symbol of power. A mere 12 years after it was founded, Facebook is a great empire with a vast population, immense wealth, a charismatic leader, and mind-boggling reach and influence. The world’s largest social network has 1.6 billion users, a billion of whom use it every day for an average of over 20 minutes each. In the Western world, Facebook accounts for the largest share of the most popular activity (social networking) on the most widely used computing devices (smartphones); its various apps account for 30% of mobile internet use by Americans. And it is the sixth-most-valuable public company on Earth, worth some $325 billion.
自罗马帝国时代以来，“竖起大拇指”这一手势就成为了公开且有力的权力象征。成立仅十二年之后，Facebook已成为一个伟大的帝国，人口众多、财富无数、领袖魅力非凡，且影响力和影响范围令人难以想象。这一全球最大的社交网络拥有16亿用户，其中十亿每天平均使用时间超过20分钟。在西方世界，Facebook在最广泛使用的计算设备(智能手机)上的最受欢迎的活动(社交网络)中所占份额最大;它各种各样的应用占美国人移动互联网使用的30%。它是全球市值第六大的上市公司，价值3250亿美元。
Even so, Mark Zuckerberg, Facebook’s 31-year-old founder and chief executive, has even greater ambitions. He has plans to connect the digitally unconnected in poor countries by beaming internet signals from solar-powered drones, and is making big bets on artificial intelligence (AI), “chatbots” and virtual reality (VR). This bid for dominance will bring him into increasing conflict with the other great empires of the technology world, and Google in particular. The ensuing battle will shape the digital future for everyone.
即便如此，31岁的Facebook创始人及首席执行官马克·扎克伯格(Mark Zuckerberg)仍有更宏伟的志向。他计划用太阳能供电的无人机发送互联网信号，以连接贫困国家尚未连入数字世界的人，他在人工智能(AI)、聊天机器人和虚拟现实(VR)上押下重注。对统治地位的竞逐会令他和科技世界其他伟大帝国之间的冲突不断增加，尤其是同谷歌之间。今后的战斗将为每个人塑造数字化的未来。
Empires built on data
数据上的帝国
Facebook has prospered by building compelling services that attract large audiences, whose attention can then be sold to advertisers. The same is true of Google. The two play different roles in their users’ lives: Google has masses of data about the world, whereas Facebook knows about you and your friends; you go to Google to get things done, but turn to Facebook when you have time to kill. Yet their positions of dominance and their strategies are becoming remarkably similar. Unparalleled troves of data make both firms difficult to challenge and immensely profitable, giving them the wealth to make bold bets and to deal with potential competitors by buying them. And both firms crave more users and more data – which, for all the do-gooding rhetoric, explains why they are both so interested in extending internet access in the developing world, using drones or, in Google’s case, giant balloons.
Facebook打造多个引人瞩目的服务吸引大量用户，继而将用户的关注卖给广告商，以此取得成功。谷歌也是如此。这两大公司在其用户的生活中扮演着不同的角色：谷歌拥有关于这个世界的大量数据，而Facebook了解你和你的朋友;你用谷歌是为了完成任务，但要打发时间时你会找Facebook。然而它们的统治地位和战略正变得越来越相似。无与伦比的数据宝藏让两家公司都难有敌手，且获利颇丰，它们的财富足以掷下豪注并且通过收购解决潜在竞争者。这两家公司渴求更多用户、更多数据，用冠冕堂皇的说法，这解释了为何它们都对在发展中国家扩展互联网连接兴趣浓厚，Facebook使用无人机，谷歌则使用巨型气球。
The task is to harness data to offer new services and make money in new ways. Facebook’s bet on AI is a recognition that “machine learning” – in which software learns by crunching data, rather than having to be explicitly programmed – is a big part of the answer. It already uses AI techniques to identify people in photos, for example, and to decide which status updates and ads to show to each user. Facebook is also pushing into AI-powered digital assistants and chatbot programs which interact with users via short messages. Next week it is expected to open up its Messenger service (which can already be used to do things like order an Uber car), to broaden the range of chatbots. And Facebook’s investment in VR – it bought Oculus, the cheerleader of this emerging field, for $2 billion in 2014 – is a bold guess about where computing and communication will go after the smartphone.
现在的任务是利用数据提供新的服务，以新的方式赚钱。Facebook在人工智能方面的赌注是对“机器学习”的认可，即软件通过分析数据学习，而不需要精确编写程序。例如，它已经利用人工智能技术来辨识照片中的人像，也用这一技术确定向每个用户展示什么样的状态更新和广告。Facebook还在推动由人工智能支持的数字助手和聊天机器人程序，它们通过简短的信息与用户互动。下周它计划开放Messenger服务(它已经可以用来做一些事情，例如从优步叫车)，并且拓宽聊天机器人的适用范围。Facebook在虚拟现实上的投资是对计算和通信在智能手机之后将何去何从的大胆预测，它于2014年以20亿美元收购了这一新兴领域的领头羊Oculus。
But Facebook faces rivals in all these areas. Google is using AI techniques to improve its internet services and guide self-driving cars, and other industry giants are also investing heavily in AI – though with the deepest pockets and the most data to crunch, Facebook and Google can attract the best researchers and most promising startups. Facebook lags behind Amazon, Apple, Google and Microsoft when it comes to voice-driven personal assistants; when it comes to chatbots, it faces competition from Microsoft and a host of startups eager to prove that bots are the new apps. And its push into VR – which Mr Zuckerberg sees as a stepping stone to “augmented reality” (AR), where information is superimposed on the real world – pits it against formidable rivals, too. Microsoft has jumped straight to AR with its HoloLens headset, its most impressive product in years, and Google, already active in VR, has invested in Magic Leap, a little-known AR startup.
但是在所有这些领域Facebook都有对手。谷歌正利用人工智能技术提升其互联网服务、指引无人驾驶汽车，其他业界巨头也不惜重金投资人工智能，不过Facebook和谷歌钱袋最鼓、有最多数据可供分析，因此能吸引到最优秀的研究人员和最具潜力的创业公司。在由语音控制的个人助理领域，Facebook落后于亚马逊、苹果、谷歌和微软;而在聊天机器人领域，它的对手是微软以及诸多急于证明机器人是新应用的创业公司。虚拟现实领域被扎克伯格视作“增强现实”(AR)的踏脚石，AR即信息被叠加在真实世界上的技术。进军这一领域也让Facebook和强敌正面交锋。微软凭借其多年来最引人瞩目的产品HoloLens头盔直接挺进AR，而在VR领域已十分活跃的谷歌已经投资了Magic Leap，一家鲜为人知的AR创业公司。
The scale of Facebook’s ambition, and the rivalries it faces, reflect a consensus that these technologies will transform how people interact with each other, with data and with their surroundings. AI will help devices and services anticipate your needs (Google’s Inbox app already suggests replies to your e-mails). Conversational interfaces will let you look things up and get things done by chatting to a machine by voice or text. And intelligent services will spread into a plethora of products, such as wearable devices, cars and VR/AR goggles. In a decade’s time computing seems likely to take the form of AR interfaces mediated by AI, using gestures and speech for inputs and the whole world as its display. Information will be painted onto the world around you, making possible new forms of communication, creativity and collaboration.
Facebook的雄心壮志及其面临的竞争反映出一个共识，即这些技术将转变人与人之间、人与数据之间、人与周围环境之间的互动方式。人工智能会帮助设备和服务预测你的需求(谷歌的Inbox应用已经能对如何回复电子邮件提出建议)。会话接口能让你通过语音或文字与机器对话来查阅信息和完成任务。智能服务将扩展到太多产品中，如可穿戴设备、汽车和VR/AR眼镜等。十年之内，计算看似有可能采取增强现实界面，以人工智能为媒介，用手势和语音进行输入，将整个世界作为它的显示器。信息将被叠映在你周围的世界之上，让新形式的交流、创造与合作成为可能。
This is the ambitious vision that Facebook, Google, Microsoft and other technology giants are working towards. But along the way there are certain to be privacy and security concerns. Crunching all that information to provide personalised services looks a lot like surveillance, and will cause a backlash if consumers do not feel they are getting a good deal in return for handing over their personal details (as the advertising industry is discovering to its cost) – or if security is inadequate.
这是Facebook、谷歌、微软及其他科技巨头为之努力奋斗的恢弘愿景。但沿途必定会有隐私和安全问题。分析所有信息以提供个性化的服务看起来很像监控，并且如果消费者感觉在提交个人详细资料后并没有获得大量回报(广告业吃过苦头后正在明白这一点)，又或者安全性不足，会引发激烈反对。
Power from the people
人的力量
There will also be worries about concentration and monopoly, and the danger of closed ecosystems that make it hard for people to switch between services. Facebook’s plan to offer free access to a limited subset of websites was blocked by India’s telecoms regulator, which argued that it was “risky” to allow one company to act as a gatekeeper. And Germany’s competition authority is investigating the way Facebook handles personal data. As its dominance grows, Facebook can expect to face more such cases, as Microsoft and Google did before it.
也有人会担心集中、垄断以及封闭式生态系统的危险，让人很难在各种服务之间切换。Facebook提供免费接入一些指定网站的计划被印度电信监管部门阻拦，它们认为让一家公司来把关“太过危险”。德国的竞争主管机构正在调查Facebook处理个人信息的方式。随着其统治地位的不断加强，可以预见Facebook会遭遇更多此类情况，正如微软和谷歌所经历的那样。
Striking a balance between becoming ever more intimately entwined in billions of peoples’ lives, making huge profits as a result and avoiding a backlash will be one of the biggest business challenges of the century. Even in ancient Rome, emperors could find that the crowd suddenly turned against them. So applaud Mr Zuckerberg – and fear for him, too.
既能和数十亿人的生活更紧密地交织在一起，又可借此获得巨额利润并且避免强烈反对，如何在其间取得平衡将成为本世纪最大的商业挑战之一。即便是在古罗马，帝王们也会发现民众会突然转而反抗他们。所以为扎克伯格鼓掌，也为他担忧吧。
英语翻译
★ 学好英语的小窍门
★ 电热毯节电小窍门
★ 去除眼袋小窍门
