下面是小编给各位读者分享的高考英语插入语及插入句的用法(共含6篇），欢迎大家分享。同时，但愿您也能像本文投稿人“鹿鹿”一样，积极向本站投稿分享好文章。
在NMET中，插入语屡见不鲜，由于插入语通常与句中其它成分没有语法上的关系，因此给考生的理解带来一定困难。插入语多半用逗号与句子隔开，用来表示说话者对句子所表达的意思的态度。插入语可能是一个词、一个短语或一个句子。
一、常用做插入语的副词
indeed的确， surely无疑， however然而， obviously显然， frankly坦率地说， naturally自然， luckily (或happily) for sb.算某人幸运， fortunately幸好， strangely奇怪， hone stly真的， briefly简单地说等。
1. Surely， she won餿 go to China Telecom with you.
当然她不会和你一起去中国电信。
2. Strangely， he has not been to China Unicom. Still more strangely， he has not called me.
奇怪，他未来过中国联通。更奇怪，他没给我打电话。
3. Fortunately， I found the book that I餯 lost.
幸亏我找到了已丢失的那本书。
二、常见的作插入语的形容词或其短语
true真的， funny真可笑， strange to say说也奇怪， needless to say不用说， most impor tant of all最为重要， worse still更糟糕的等。
1. Strange to say (或True)， he should have done such a thing.
说也奇怪(或真的)，他竟然做出这样的事。
2. Most important of all， you each over瞗ulfilled your own task.
更为重要的，你们各自超额完成了自己的任务。
三、常用作插入语的介词短语
in a few words(或in sum， in short)简而言之， in other words换句话说， in a sense在某种意义上， in general一般说来， in my view在我看来， in his opinion(judgment)按照他的意见(判断)， in conclusion总之， in summary概括地说， in fact事实上， in the first place首先， in addition此外， of course当然， to our knowledge据我们所知， to my joy(delight， satisfaction)使我欣慰(高兴、满意)的， to their surprise(astonis hment， amazement)使他们惊奇的， to her regret (disappointment)使她遗憾(失望)的， for instance(或example)例如， as a matter of fact事实上等。
1. Of course， he did not succeed for the lack of experience.
当然，他由于缺乏经验而未成功。
2. She knows much more about computer science than the other students do， for in stance.
例如，她在计算机科学方面就比其他同学懂得多。
四、常用作插入语的分词短语
strictly speaking严格地说， generally speaking一般地说， judging from…根据……判断等。
Judging from his letter， a campaign against“white pollution”has been underta ken in his hometown.
根据他的来信做出判断，一场抵制“白色污染”的运动已经在他的故乡展开了。
注意:不要理解为现在分词短语作状语，因为上两句中speaking和judging的动作不是句中主语发出的。
五、常用作插入语的不定式短语
to be sure无疑地， to sum up概括地说， to tell the truth老实说等。
1. To be sure， community service can aid re瞖mployment.
毫无疑问，社区服务能有助于再就业。
2. To start with， China is ready strengthen scientific and technological coopera tion with many countries.
首先，中国准备和许多国家加强科学技术合作。
六、插入句
I am sure我可以肯定地说， I believe我相信， I wonder我不知道， you know你知道， you see你明白， that is也就是说， it seems看来是， as I see it照我看来， what is impor tant (serious)重要(严重)的是， I餸 afraid恐怕， it is said据说等。
1. It will result in success， I suppose.
我想，这件事终于会成功的。
2. One day， it is said， Newton saw an apple fall from a tree.
据说，有一天牛顿见到一个苹果从树上掉下来。
3. What is more important， information superhighways can carry great amounts of information around the country quickly and cheaply.
更重要的是，信息高速公路能把大量信息迅速、便宜地传遍全国。
高考英语素材：常用插入语
1. however 然而
2. obviously 显然
3. frankly 坦率地说
4. briefly 简单地说
5. indeed 的.确
6. honestly 真的
7. fortunately/luckily 幸好
8. I believe 我相信
9. I wonder 我不知道
10. in the first place 首先
11. in addition 此外
12. of course 当然
13. for instance/example 例如
14. strictly speaking 严格地说
15. generally speaking 一般来说
16. judging from... 根据……判断
17. that is 也就是说
18. it seems 看来是
19. in fact // as a matter of fact 事实上
20. needless to say 不用说
21. strange to say 说也奇怪
22. to tell the truth 老实说
23. to be sure 无疑
24. to sum up 概括地说
25. I am sure 我可以肯定地说
26. luckily/happily for sb. 算某人幸运
27. most important of all 最为重要的是
28. what is important/serious 重要/严重的是
29. in general 一般而言
30. in other words 换句话说
31. in a sense 在某种意义上
32. in my view // as I see it 在我看来
33. from my point of view // from my perspective/viewpoint我认为
34. in conclusion 总之
35. in summary 概括地说
2010高考二轮复习英语教案
专题十四 强调句、省略句、插入语
【专题要点】强调句、省略句、插入语要点概览：1.强调句型“It is/was----that----”的用法。强调句型的特殊疑问句；2.it强调句型与定语从句、状语从句的区别；3.动词不定式的省略；4.状语从句中的省略，“连词+分词”的省略现象；5.常用插入语：by the way 顺便说，顺便问一下；so far 到目前为止；and so on 等等；on the contrary 相反； no wonder 不足为奇；as a matter of fact 事实上；come along 快点，来吧；in other words 换句话说；as usual 如同以往；as a result 因此，结果。
【考纲要求】按照考纲要求，考生应能够恰当地使用词语和强调句式对表达的内容进行强调，近几年的高考试题主要考查考生对谓语动词的强调的理解和强调句型的灵活使用，考查复合句中的强调句式；按照考试大纲的要求，考生应掌握英语省略的一些基本原则，在行文中正确地使用省略；而近几年的高考试题主要考查定语从句、宾语从句、状语从句、简单句中和交际语境中的省略；按照考纲要求依据不同语境能正确使用插入语，分析近几年的高考题多以考查短语的形式，在交际用语中或句中进行辨析。
【教法指引】仔细研究近年高考题，我们不难发现强调句、省略句、插入语倍受出题者的青睐。在近五年的高考试卷中强调句、省略句已经成为高考热点。命题者加大了对句子结构复杂程度和知识面的考查，同时注重考查知识之间的交叉和语法知识的力度。这就要求教师在平时引导考生在复习和备考中注意总结，全面把握，深入研究。
具体说把握强调句以下四大考点：
（1）考查强调句式的基本结构
（2）考查含有“not…until…”句型的强调句式
（3）考查强调句式的疑问句
（4）考查强调句式的正确判断
省略是高考英语考试大纲要求掌握的的语法项目之一，虽然不是每年必考项目，但不少省份有所涉及省略这一语法项目。从命题的趋势来看，更侧重考查省略在交际中的功能，考查语法知识间的交叉使用。因此教师在引导考生复习备考中要注意以下几个方面：
1. 状语从句中的省略。当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，或从句的主语是it，且有系动词be的任何形式时，可以省略状语从句的主语和系动词be。常见的连词有：as，if, as if, once, though, whether, when, while, unless等等。
2. 有关to的省略。
（1）在can’t but，can’t not help but, can not choose but之后的动词不定式一般不带to，but之前有实义动词do的某种形式do，does，did，done时，也不带to；
（2）当主语或修饰主语的定语从句中有动词do的某种形式时，用作表语的不定式可以省略。如：All I did is（to）give him a lesson.
（3）由why，why not引导的特殊疑问句，后跟省略to的动词不定式。
（4）have，make，see，hear， notice，observe等后接不带to的动词不定式 ；
（5）为避免句子重复，承前省略动词原形，而保留不定式符号to，但是有助动词be或have时，则要保留be或have。
3. 在if引导的虚拟条件句中
在if引导的虚拟条件句中含有had，were，should时，可以把had，were，should放在句首且省略if。
4.在限制性定语从句中的省略
在限制性定语从句中作宾语的关系代词that、which、whom可以省略；在以the same ... as和such ... as引导的定语从句中，可以省略与主句相同的部分；the way后面的定语从句中，可以省略that或in which。
教师在引导考生复习备考中按照大纲中要求熟练掌握的常用作插入语的词语
在英语学习中，插入语是一个比较重要的知识点。由于插入语是一种独立成分，通常与句中其他成分没有语法上的关系，许多同学在学习过程中会有一定的困难。其实，插入语大都是对一句话进行附加说明或解释，通常由一个词、一个短语或一个句子构成，常置于句首、句中或句末，一般用逗号或破折号与句子隔开，按照大纲要求熟练记忆一下常用短语和用法如：
by the way 顺便说，顺便问一下；so far 到目前为止；and so on 等等；on the contrary 相反； no wonder 不足为奇；as a matter of fact 事实上；come along 快点，来吧；in other words 换句话说；as usual 如同以往；as a result 因此，结果。
【知识网络】 强调句的用法
（一）强调句句型
1、陈述句的强调句型：It is/ was + 被强调部分（通常是主语、宾语或状语）+ that/ who（当强调主语且主语指人）+ 其它部分。
It was yesterday that he met Li Ping.
2、一般疑问句的强调句型：同上，只是把is/ was提到it前面。
Was it yesterday that he met Li Ping?
3、特殊疑问句的强调句型：被强调部分（通常是疑问代词或疑问副词）+ is/ was + it + that/ who + 其它部分？
When and where was it that you were born?
4、强调句例句：针对I met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.句子进行强调。
强调主语：It was I that (who) met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.
强调宾语：It was Li Ming that I met at the railway station yesterday.
强调地点状语：It was at the railway station that I met Li Ming yesterday.
强调时间状语：It was yesterday that I met Li Ming at the railway station.
5、注意：构成强调句的it本身没有词义；强调句中的连接词一般只用that, who，即使在强调时间状语和地点状语时也如此，that, who不可省略；强调句中的时态只用两种，一般现在时和一般过去时。原句谓语动词是一般过去时、过去完成时和过去进行时，用It was … ，其余的时态用It is … 。
（二）not … until … 句型的强调句
1、句型为：It is/ was not until + 被强调部分 + that + 其它部分
普通句：He didn’t go to bed until/ till his wife came back.
强调句：It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed.
2、注意：此句型只用until，不用till。但如果不是强调句型，till, until可通用；因为句型中It is/ was not … 已经是否定句了，that后面的从句要用肯定句，切勿再用否定句了。
（三）谓语动词的强调
1、It is/ was … that … 结构不能强调谓语，如果需要强调谓语时，用助动词do/ does或did。
Do sit down. 务必请坐。
He did write to you last week. 上周他确实给你写了信。
Do be careful when you cross the street. 过马路时，务必（千万）要小心啊！
2、注意：此种强调只用do/ does和did ，没有别的形式；过去时用did ，后面的谓语动词用原形。
省略句用法
为了使讲话和行文简洁，句中某些成分有时可省略。省略可分以下几种情况：
（一）简单句中的省略
1、省略主语：祈使句中主语通常省略。其它省略主语多限于少数现成的说法。
(I) Thank you for your help.（括号内为省略的词语，下同）
(I) see you tomorrow.(It) Doesn’t matter.
2、省略主谓语或主谓语的一部分。
(There is) No smoking. (Is there) Anything wrong? Why (do you) not say hello to him?
3、省略作宾语的不定式短语，只保留to。
---- Are you going there? ---- I’d like to (go there).
He did not give me the chance, though he had promised to (give me the chance).
注意：如果该宾语是be动词或完成时态，则须在to之后加上be或have。
---- Are you an engineer? ---- No, but I want to be.
---- He hasn’t finished the task yet. ---- Well, he ought to have.
4、省略表语。
---- Are you thirsty? ---- Yes, I am (thirsty).
5、同时省略几个成分。
Let’s meet at the same place as (we met) yesterday.
---- Have you finished your work? ---- (I have) Not (finished my work) yet.
（二）并列句中的省略
两个并列分句中，后一个分句常省略与前一分句中相同的部分。
My father is a doctor and my mother (is) a nurse.
I study at college and my sister (studies) at high school.
（三）主从复合句中的省略
1、主句中有一些成分被省略。
(I’m) Sorry to hear that you are ill.
(It is a) Pity that he missed such a good chance.
2、省略了一个从句或从句的一部分，用so或not（切不可用it或that）代替。
---- Is he coming back tonight? ---- I think so.
---- Is he feeling better today? ---- I’m afraid not.
这种用法常见的有：How so? Why so? Is that so? I hope so. He said so 及I suppose not. I believed not. I hope not等。（但I don’t think so比I think not更常用）。
（四）其它省略
1、连词that的省略：
①、宾语从句中常省略连词that，但也有不能省略的情况（参看“名词性从句”等有关部分）。
②、在定语从句中，that在从句中作宾语时可省略。
③、引导主语从句、同位语从句等的连词that一般不可省略。在表语从句中偶尔可省略。
2、不定式符号to的省略
①、并列的不定式可省去后面的to。
I told him to sit down and wait for a moment.
②、某些使役动词（如let, make, have）及感官动词（如see, watch, notice, hear, feel, look at和listen to等）后面作宾语补足的不定式一定要省去to，但在被动语态中须把to复原。
---- I saw the boy fall from the tree.---- The boy was seen to fall from the tree.
③、介词but前若有动词do，后面的不定式不带to。
The boy did nothing but play.
3、在某些状语从句中，从句的主语与主句主语一致时，可省去“主语 + be”部分。（参看“状语从句”有关部分）
4、连词if在部分虚拟条件句中可省略，但后面的语序有变化（参见“倒装句”有关部分）
5、主句与从句各有一些成分省略。
The sooner (you do it), the better (it will be).
插入语的用法
英语句子中（尤其在口语中）常插入一些单词、短语或者句子，用来补充某些含义。语法上称他们为“插入语”。
（一）插入语的类型：
1、单词（多是副词），如：besides, however, otherwise, therefore, though等。
She is looking fit, though. 他看起来倒是健康。
I can, however, discuss this when I see you.
2、短语
China and India, for example, are neighbours.
By the way, where are you from?
3、句子
He is an honest man, I believe.
Jack, as far as I know, isn’t clever.
（二）插入语的位置
通常插入语位于句中，并用逗号隔开。但有时，也可位于句首或句末（见上面例句）。也有时，并不用逗号隔开。
You know that I think you are wrong. 我认为，你明白你错了。
What on earth do you mean? 你究竟是什么意思？
（三）插入语在句中的作用
一般来说，插入语在句中不起主要作用。如果把插入语抽去，句子的含义不大受影响。但是，有的插入语却是句子不可缺少的一部分。
He got the news from nobody knows where. 他这消息谁也不知道是从哪儿得来的。
（四）插入语的特殊用法
下面这种复杂的特殊疑问句，也可认为包含有“插入语”。这种疑问句（有的语法书也称为“混合疑问句”或“连锁疑问句”）常用来征询对方对某一疑问点的看法、判断、认识、猜度或请求对方重复一遍说过的话。口语中出现频率极高。常用动词有say, suppose, guess, believe, consider, think, imagine 等。
How long did you say she would stay here?
When do you suppose they’ll be back?
How old did you think she was
（五）插入语的几种典型用法
1.许多分词短语可以用作插入语，这样的分词短语有：strictly speaking（严格地说），generally considering（一般认为）， judging from……（根据……判断）等。
2.常用作插入语的副词或副词短语有：indeed（的确），surely（无疑），however（然而），frankly（坦率地说），obviously（显然），naturally（天然地），luckily （happily） for sb.（算某人幸运），fortunately（幸好），strangely（奇怪），briefly（简单地说）等。
3.常用作插入语的介词短语有：in conclusion（总之），in a word（简而言之），in short（简而言之），in general（一般说来），in a sense（在某种意义上），in my view（在我看来），in his opinion（按照他的看法），in fact（事实上），at first（首先）， in addition（此外），of course（当然），to my surprise（使我惊奇的），to her regret（使她遗憾的），for example（例如）等。
4.用简短的句子结构作插入语，它们常置于句中或句末。这类简短的句子有：I am sure（我可以肯定地说），I believe（我相信），do you know（你知道吗），you see（你明白），I’m afraid（恐怕），it is said（据说），I suppose（我想），what’s more（而且），what’s worse（更糟糕的是），that is（也就是说），what is important（重要的是）等。
常用作插入语的不定式短语有：to be sure（无疑地），to sum up（概括地说），to tell the truth（老实说）等。
5.常用作插入语的形容词或其短语有：true（真的），funny（真可笑），needless to say（不用说），most important of all（最为重要），worse still（更糟糕的），even better（更好）等。
语法复习五：强调句、It的用法、省略和插入语
一、强调句（一）强调句句型
1、陈述句的强调句型：It is/ was + 被强调部分（通常是主语、宾语或状语）+ that/ who（当强调主语且主语指人）+ 其它部分。
e.g. It was yesterday that he met Li Ping.
2、一般疑问句的强调句型：同上，只是把is/ was提到it前面。
e.g. Was it yesterday that he met Li Ping?
3、特殊疑问句的强调句型：被强调部分（通常是疑问代词或疑问副词）+ is/ was + it + that/ who + 其它部分？
e.g. When and where was it that you were born?
4、强调句例句：针对I met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.句子进行强调。
强调主语：It was I that (who) met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.
强调宾语：It was Li Ming that I met at the railway station yesterday.
强调地点状语：It was at the railway station that I met Li Ming yesterday.
强调时间状语：It was yesterday that I met Li Ming at the railway station.
5、注意：构成强调句的it本身没有词义；强调句中的连接词一般只用that, who，即使在强调时间状语和地点状语时也如此，that, who不可省略；强调句中的时态只用两种，一般现在时和一般过去时。原句谓语动词是一般过去时、过去完成时和过去进行时，用It was … ，其余的时态用It is … 。
（二）not … until … 句型的强调句
1、句型为：It is/ was not until + 被强调部分 + that + 其它部分
e.g. 普通句：He didn't go to bed until/ till his wife came back.
强调句：It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed.
2、注意：此句型只用until，不用till。但如果不是强调句型，till, until可通用；因为句型中It is/ was not … 已经是否定句了，that后面的从句要用肯定句，切勿再用否定句了。
（三）谓语动词的强调
1、It is/ was … that … 结构不能强调谓语，如果需要强调谓语时，用助动词do/ does或did。
e.g. Do sit down. 务必请坐。
He did write to you last week. 上周他确实给你写了信。
Do be careful when you cross the street. 过马路时，务必（千万）要小心啊！
2、注意：此种强调只用do/ does和did ，没有别的形式；过去时用did ，后面的谓语动词用原形。
二、It的用法
（一）作人称代词
1、it代替前面（或后面）的单数名词或分句等所表示的事物。
e.g. You cannot eat your cake but have it.（it代替前面的cake）
Although we cannot see it, there is air all around us. （it代替后面的air）
They say he has left town, but I don't believe it. （it代替前面They…town分句中的情况）
2、代替有生命但不能或不必分阴阳性的东西（包括婴儿）。
e.g. Yesterday we saw a big tree. It was fully twenty metres high. （it代替前面的tree）
The baby cried because it was hungry. （it代替前面的baby）
3、在某些习惯说法中，可以代替人。
e.g. ---- Someone is knocking at the door, Peter. ---- Who is it? ---- It's me.
---- Who are singing? ---- It is the children.
---- The light is still on in the lab. It must be the third-year students doing the experiment.
4、it与one的'区别：这两个词都可以代表前面说过的名词，但it用于同名同物的场合；one则用于同名异物的场合。
e.g. ---- Do you still have the bicycle? ---- No, I have sold it.
---- Is this knife yours? ---- No. It is Xiao Zhang's. Mine is the one on the desk.
5、it与that的区别：两词都可代替某一特定名词，但that指同一类，并非同一个。
e.g. The climate of South China is mild（温和的）; I like it very much.（it指the climate of South China）
The climate of South China is much better than that of Japan.（that指the climate）
（二）作无人称代词
it作无人称代词时，除了句中找不到它所代表的词语外，另一个特点是它后面的内容都是表示天气、时间、距离、度量衡及情况等。
It is fine (rainy, windy, etc.).
It is noon.
It is a half hour's walk to the factory.
It is eighteen square metres in area.
What does it matter?
（三）作强调词，构成强调结构
用以帮助改变句子结构，使句子的某一成分受到强调。“It is (was) + 所强调的成分 + that (who) + 其它成分。”在这个句型中，it本身没有词义。详见“一、强调句”。
（四）引导词it作形式主语（宾语）
为了使句子平衡，常采用形式主语（或宾语）it ，而把真正的主语（或宾语）置于句子后面。通常引导词it与它所代替的句子成分中间要夹有某些词。
e.g. It takes half an hour to go there on foot.（It与to go there on foot之间夹有takes half an hour四个词）
We thought it strange that Mr Smith did not come last night. （it与that从句中间夹有 strange）
但有时it与所替代部分之间并不夹有其它词。
e.g. You may depend on it that they will support you.（因为介词on之后一般不直接接that引导的宾语从句。注意：it不是多余的，不能当作错句）
练习一、强调句、It的用法
1. My bike is missing. I can't find ____ anywhere.
A. one B. ones C. it D. that
2. ---- Who's that? ---- ____ Professor Li.
A. That's B. It's C. He's D. This's
3. ____ was Jane that I saw in the library this morning.
A. It B. He C. She D. That
4. ---- Have you ever seen a whale alive? ---- Yes, I've seen ____.
A. that B. it C. such D. one
5. The color of my coat is different from ____ of yours.
A. this B. that C. it D. one
6. ____ will do you good to do some exercise every morning.
A. It B. There C. Those D. You
7. We think ____ our duty to pay taxes to our government.
A. that B. this C. its D. it
8. The climate of Shanghai is better than ____ of Nanjing.
A. that B. it C. which D. what
9. ____ four years since I joined the Army.
A. There was B. There is C. It was D. It is
10. How long ____ to finish the work?
A. you'll take B. you'll take it C. will it take you D. will take you
11. It was through Xiao Li ____ I got to know Xiao Wang.
A. who B. whom C. how D. that
12. It was in the rice fields ____ we had our league meeting.
A. where B. that C. in which D. on which
13. It was on October 1st ____ new China was founded.
A. which B. when C. as D. that
14. Was it because he was ill ____ he asked for leave?
A. and B. that C. that's D. so
15. Mary speaks in a low voice; ____ is difficult to know what she is saying.
A. it B. that C. so D. she
16. It was ____ I met Mr Green in Shanghai.
A. many years that B. many years before C. many years ago that D. many years when
17. ____ is not everybody ____ can draw so well.
A. It, all B. It, that C.
一、强调句
（一）强调句句型
1、陈述句的强调句型：It is/ was + 被强调部分（通常是主语、宾语或状语）+ that/ who（当强调主语且主语指人）+ 其它部分。
e.g. It was yesterday that he met Li Ping.
2、一般疑问句的强调句型：同上，只是把is/ was提到it前面。
e.g. Was it yesterday that he met Li Ping?
3、特殊疑问句的强调句型：被强调部分（通常是疑问代词或疑问副词）+ is/ was + it + that/ who + 其它部分？
e.g. When and where was it that you were born?
4、强调句例句：针对I met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.句子进行强调。
强调主语：It was I that (who) met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.
强调宾语：It was Li Ming that I met at the railway station yesterday.
强调地点状语：It was at the railway station that I met Li Ming yesterday.
强调时间状语：It was yesterday that I met Li Ming at the railway station.
5、注意：构成强调句的it本身没有词义；强调句中的连接词一般只用that, who，即使在强调时间状语和地点状语时也如此，that, who不可省略；强调句中的时态只用两种，一般现在时和一般过去时。原句谓语动词是一般过去时、过去完成时和过去进行时，用It was … ，其余的时态用It is … 。
（二）not … until … 句型的强调句
1、句型为：It is/ was not until + 被强调部分 + that + 其它部分
e.g. 普通句：He didn’t go to bed until/ till his wife came back.
强调句：It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed.
2、注意：此句型只用until，不用till。但如果不是强调句型，till, until可通用；因为句型中It is/ was not … 已经是否定句了，that后面的从句要用肯定句，切勿再用否定句了。
（三）谓语动词的强调
1、It is/ was … that … 结构不能强调谓语，如果需要强调谓语时，用助动词do/ does或did。
e.g. Do sit down. 务必请坐。
He did write to you last week. 上周他确实给你写了信。
Do be careful when you cross the street. 过马路时，务必（千万）要小心啊！
2、注意：此种强调只用do/ does和did ，没有别的形式；过去时用did ，后面的谓语动词用原形。
二、It的用法
（一）作人称代词
1、it代替前面（或后面）的单数名词或分句等所表示的事物。
e.g. You cannot eat your cake but have it.（it代替前面的cake）
Although we cannot see it, there is air all around us. （it代替后面的air）
They say he has left town, but I don’t believe it. （it代替前面They…town分句中的情况）
2、代替有生命但不能或不必分阴阳性的东西（包括婴儿）。
e.g. Yesterday we saw a big tree. It was fully twenty metres high. （it代替前面的tree）
The baby cried because it was hungry. （it代替前面的baby）
3、在某些习惯说法中，可以代替人。
e.g. ---- Someone is knocking at the door, Peter. ---- Who is it? ---- It’s me.
---- Who are singing? ---- It is the children.
---- The light is still on in the lab. It must be the third-year students doing the experiment.
4、it与one的区别：这两个词都可以代表前面说过的名词，但it用于同名同物的场合；one则用于同名异物的场合。
e.g. ---- Do you still have the bicycle? ---- No, I have sold it.
---- Is this knife yours? ---- No. It is Xiao Zhang’s. Mine is the one on the desk.
5、it与that的区别：两词都可代替某一特定名词，但that指同一类，并非同一个。
e.g. The climate of South China is mild（温和的）; I like it very much.（it指the climate of South China）
The climate of South China is much better than that of Japan.（that指the climate）
（二）作无人称代词
it作无人称代词时，除了句中找不到它所代表的词语外，另一个特点是它后面的内容都是表示天气、时间、距离、度量衡及情况等。
It is fine (rainy, windy, etc.).
It is noon.
It is a half hour’s walk to the factory.
It is eighteen square metres in area.
What does it matter?
（三）作强调词，构成强调结构
用以帮助改变句子结构，使句子的某一成分受到强调。“It is (was) + 所强调的成分 + that (who) + 其它成分。”在这个句型中，it本身没有词义。详见“一、强调句”。
（四）引导词it作形式主语（宾语）
为了使句子平衡，常采用形式主语（或宾语）it ，而把真正的主语（或宾语）置于句子后面。通常引导词it与它所代替的句子成分中间要夹有某些词。
e.g. It takes half an hour to go there on foot.（It与to go there on foot之间夹有takes half an hour四个词）
We thought it strange that Mr Smith did not come last night. （it与that从句中间夹有 strange）
但有时it与所替代部分之间并不夹有其它词。
e.g. You may depend on it that they will support you.（因为介词on之后一般不直接接that引导的宾语从句。注意：it不是多余的，不能当作错句）
练习一、强调句、It的用法
1. My bike is missing. I can’t find ____ anywhere.
A. one B. ones C. it D. that
2. ---- Who’s that? ---- ____ Professor Li.
A. That’s B. It’s C. He’s D. This’s
3. ____ was Jane that I saw in the library this morning.
A. It B. He C. She D. That
4. ---- Have you ever seen a whale alive? ---- Yes, I’ve seen ____.
A. that B. it C. such D. one
5. The color of my coat is different from ____ of yours.
A. this B. that C. it D. one
6. ____ will do you good to do some exercise every morning.
A. It B. There C. Those D. You
7. We think ____ our duty to pay taxes to our government.
A. that B. this C. its D. it
8. The climate of Shanghai is better than ____ of Nanjing.
A. that B. it C. which D. what
9. ____ four years since I joined the Army.
A. There was B. There is C. It was D. It is
10. How long ____ to finish the work?
A. you’ll take B. you’ll take it C. will it take you D. will take you
11. It was through Xiao Li ____ I got to know Xiao Wang.
A. who B. whom C. how D. that
12. It was in the rice fields ____ we had our league meeting.
A. where B. that C. in which D. on which
13. It was on October 1st ____ new China was founded.
A. which B. when C. as D. that
14. Was it because he was ill ____ he asked for leave?
A. and B. that C. that’s D. so
15. Mary speaks in a low voice; ____ is difficult to know what she is saying.
A. it B. that C. so D. she
16. It was ____ I met Mr Green in Shanghai.
A. many years that B. many years before C. many years ago that D. many years when
17. ____ is not everybody ____ can draw so well.
A. It, all B. It, that C. There, who D. There, that
18. So ____ that no fish can live in it.
A. shallow is the lake B. the lake is shallow C. shallow the lake is D. is the lake shallow
三、省略
为了使讲话和行文简洁，句中某些成分有时可省略。省略可分以下几种情况：
（一）简单句中的省略
1、省略主语：祈使句中主语通常省略。其它省略主语多限于少数现成的说法。
e.g. (I) Thank you for your help.（括号内为省略的词语，下同）
(I) see you tomorrow. (It) Doesn’t matter.
2、省略主谓语或主谓语的一部分。
e.g. (There is) No smoking. (Is there) Anything wrong? Why (do you) not say hello to him?
3、省略作宾语的不定式短语，只保留to。
e.g. ---- Are you going there? ---- I’d like to (go there).
He did not give me the chance, though he had promised to (give me the chance).
注意：如果该宾语是be动词或完成时态，则须在to之后加上be或have。
e.g. ---- Are you an engineer? ---- No, but I want to be.
---- He hasn’t finished the task yet. ---- Well, he ought to have.
4、省略表语。
e.g. ---- Are you thirsty? ---- Yes, I am (thirsty).
5、同时省略几个成分。
e.g. Let’s meet at the same place as (we met) yesterday.
---- Have you finished your work? ---- (I have) Not (finished my work) yet.
（二）并列句中的省略
两个并列分句中，后一个分句常省略与前一分句中相同的部分。
e.g. My father is a doctor and my mother (is) a nurse.
I study at college and my sister (studies) at high school.
（三）主从复合句中的省略
1、主句中有一些成分被省略。
e.g. (I’m) Sorry to hear that you are ill.
(It is a) Pity that he missed such a good chance.
2、省略了一个从句或从句的一部分，用so或not（切不可用it或that）代替。
e.g. ---- Is he coming back tonight? ---- I think so.
---- Is he feeling better today? ---- I’m afraid not.
这种用法常见的有：How so? Why so? Is that so? I hope so. He said so 及I suppose not. I believed not. I hope not等。（但I don’t think so比I think not更常用）。
（四）其它省略
1、连词that的省略：
①、宾语从句中常省略连词that，但也有不能省略的情况（参看“名词性从句”等有关部分）。
②、在定语从句中，that在从句中作宾语时可省略。
③、引导主语从句、同位语从句等的连词that一般不可省略。在表语从句中偶尔可省略。
2、不定式符号to的省略
①、并列的不定式可省去后面的to。
e.g. I told him to sit down and wait for a moment.
②、某些使役动词（如let, make, have）及感官动词（如see, watch, notice, hear, feel, look at和listen to等）后面作宾语补足的不定式一定要省去to，但在被动语态中须把to复原。
e.g. ---- I saw the boy fall from the tree. ---- The boy was seen to fall from the tree.
③、介词but前若有动词do，后面的不定式不带to。
e.g. The boy did nothing but play.
3、在某些状语从句中，从句的主语与主句主语一致时，可省去“主语 + be”部分。（参看“状语从句”有关部分）
4、连词if在部分虚拟条件句中可省略，但后面的语序有变化（参见“倒装句”有关部分）
5、主句与从句各有一些成分省略。
e.g. The sooner (you do it), the better (it will be).
四、插入语
英语句子中（尤其在口语中）常插入一些单词、短语或者句子，用来补充某些含义。语法上称他们为“插入语”。
（一）插入语的类型：
1、单词（多是副词），如：besides, however, otherwise, therefore, though等。
e.g. She is looking fit, though. 他看起来倒是健康。
I can, however, discuss this when I see you.
2、短语
e.g. China and India, for example, are neighbours.
By the way, where are you from?
3、句子
e.g. He is an honest man, I believe.
Jack, as far as I know, isn’t clever.
（二）插入语的位置
通常插入语位于句中，并用逗号隔开。但有时，也可位于句首或句末（见上面例句）。也有时，并不用逗号隔开。
e.g. You know that I think you are wrong. 我认为，你明白你错了。
What on earth do you mean? 你究竟是什么意思？
（三）插入语在句中的作用
一般来说，插入语在句中不起主要作用。如果把插入语抽去，句子的含义不大受影响。但是，有的插入语却是句子不可缺少的一部分。
e.g. He got the news from nobody knows where. 他这消息谁也不知道是从哪儿得来的。
（四）插入语的特殊用法
下面这种复杂的特殊疑问句，也可认为包含有“插入语”。这种疑问句（有的语法书也称为“混合疑问句”或“连锁疑问句”）常用来征询对方对某一疑问点的看法、判断、认识、猜度或请求对方重复一遍说过的话。口语中出现频率极高。常用动词有say, suppose, guess, believe, consider, think, imagine 等。
e.g. How long did you say she would stay here?
When do you suppose they’ll be back?
How old did you think she was
（五）大纲中要求掌握的常用作插入语的词语
by the way 顺便说，顺便问一下；so far 到目前为止；and so on 等等；on the contrary 相反； no wonder 不足为奇；as a matter of fact 事实上；come along 快点，来吧；in other words 换句话说；as usual 如同以往；as a result 因此，结果。
练习二、省略和插入语
1. ---- Won’t you have another try? ---- ____.
A. Yes, I will B. Yes, I won’t C. Yes, I will have D. Yes, I won’t have
2. ---- I won’t do it any more. ---- ____?
A. Why don’t B. Why don’t do it any more C. Why not D. Why not do
3. ---- Do you think it will snow tomorrow? ---- ____.
A. No, I don’t think B. I don’t think C. No, I don’t so D. I don’t think so
4. ---- Will he fail in the exam? ---- ____.
A. Don’t hope to B. Let’s hope not C. Not hope so D. Let’s hope not to
5. ____ usual, I have forgotten something.
A. As B. As it is C. It’s D. That is
6. ____ she a man, she might be elected president.
A. If B. Unless C. Was D. Were
7. ____ I had time, I would have played it again.
A. If B. Unless C. Had D. When
8. ____ it rain tomorrow, I’d stay at home.
A. Should B. Would C. When D. If
9. I like sports and ____ my brother.
A. so B. so does C. so is D. so likes
10. Francis, ____ born in Kentucky, lived and practised law in Missouri.
A. was B. He was C. who is D. although
11. ---- Aren’t you the manager? ---- No, and I ____.
A. don’t want B. don’t want to C. don’t want to be D. don’t
12. ---- Have you fed the dog? ---- No, but ____.
A. I am B. I’m just going to C. I’m D. I’m just going
13. Your performance in the driving test didn’t reach the required standard（标准） - ____, you failed.
A. in the end B. after all C. in other words D. at the same time
14. How long ____ she would stay here?
A. did she say B. she said C. did D. /
15. ____ could do such thing?
A. Whom do you think B. Who do you think C. Do you think whom D. Did you think who
练习三、综合训练
1. John was ill. Have you heard about ____?
A. this B. he C. it D. the one
2. Hurry up! ____ getting darker and darker.
A. The sky is B. It’s C. Weather is D. Time is
3. It’s the third time ____ I have been here.
A. that B. when C. after D. who
4. It was simply for that reason ____ I wouldn’t tell him the truth.
A. why B. which C. so D. that
5. Was it in the place ____ the last emperor died?
A. where B. that C. which D. in which
6. ____ is no difference between A and B.
A. It B. Where C. There D. What
7. It ____ Mike and Mary who helped the old man several days ago.
A. was B. were C. are D. had been
8. He said, “ ____ a long way to school. ____ a long way to go yet before we arrive.”
A. It is, It is B. There is, There is C. There is, It is D. It is, There is
9. I don’t like ____ you speak to her.
A. the way B. the way in that C. the way which D. the way of which
10. If you go to Xi’an, you’ll find the palaces there more magnificent than commonly ____.
A. supposing B. suppose C. to suppose D. supposed
11. ____ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.
A. There B. This C. That D. It
12. It was about 600 years ago ____ the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.
A. that B. until C. before D. when
13. It was not until 1920 ____ regular radio broadcast began.
A. while B. which C. that D. since
14. ---- Do you mind my taking this seat? ---- ____. A. Yes, sit down please B. No, of course not C. Yes, take it please D. No, you can’t take it
15. ---- I’ll be away on a business trip. Would you mind looking after my cat? --- Not at all. ____.
A. I’ve no time B. I’d rather not C. I’d like it D. I’d be happy to
16. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _____.
A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not to
17. It was not until she came to see us ____ her mother was ill in bed.
A. when we knew B. that did we knew C. that we knew D. that did we know
18. ---- This store has such high prices. ---- I agree. Never again ____ here.
A. I will shop B. will I shop C. I do shop D. shop I
19. ____ was his kindness that everyone praised him.
A. It B. What C. So D. Such
20. ____, he would have passed the exam.
A. If he were to study B. If he studied hard C. Had he studied hard D. Should he study hard
21. ---- David has made great progress recently. ---- ____, and ____. A. So he has, so have you B. So he has, so you have C. So has he, so have you D. So has he, so you have
22. No sooner ____ they rushed out into the street. A. did they hear the news than
B. did they hear the news when C. had they heard the news than D. had they heard the news when
23. He was unable to make such progress, ____.
A. hard as he tried B. as hard he tried C. hard he has tried D. tried hard as he
一.高考英语结尾万能句
1. It is hoped that we should place much emphasis on/pay more attention to...
例句：It is hoped that we should pay more attention to the problems of unemployment.
2. Only in this way/only when/only through..., will/can we...
例句：It is only if all sides of society take their roles fully that we will achieve the society we want.
3. As long as..., we will be able to.../the problems is bound to...
例句：As long as we persist in spreading scientific knowledge among the masses, all the superstitions are bound to go out of our life.
4. In the course of time/In a long run/In the long term, sth. is more likely/bound/sure to...
例句：In a long run, the practice of birth control is believed to do a great benefit to the future of China.
5. In a word, there is every/little chance/probability/possibility that...in time to come.
例句：In a word, there is every chance that this wise move in economic construction will acquire a broader significance in time to come.
6. Anything/anyone that/who...will have to...
例句：Anyone who has a strong bias against China will have to threat her with increased respect.
7. It is high time that...
例句：It is high time that the issue were to be solved so as to promote the economic development.
8. We should do our best in eliminating...
例句：We should do our best in eliminating air pollution.
9. The problem is not...; the problem is...
例句：The problem is not that we cannot do it; the problem is that we hate to do such nasty things.
10.In order to..., we must...
例句：In order to make our world a better place in which to live, we must learn to live in harmony with all wildlife species.
11.All the above evidence/experience/ facts goes to show that...
例句：All the above evidence goes to show that the birth of computer has benefited our life greatly.
12.No surprising/ It is apparent that the task of...demands/requires/deserves immediate/serious/considerable attention/consideration.
例句：It is, therefore, apparent that the task of fighting against corruption requires considerable consideration now.
13.We can come to the conclusion that...
例句：We can come to the conclusion that living on campus is the best way of learning independence, and of understanding other people and society at large.
14.We then have reasons to be confident that in the near future...
例句：We then have reasons to be confident that in the near future, no child is forced out of school because of poverty.
15.My suggestion is that...; otherwise...
例句：My suggestion is that effective measures should be taken to check population growth; otherwise, the potential consequences are unimaginable.
16.As for me, I have always been taking care to... So, I...
例句：As for me, I have always been taking care to choose a goal and a right path before doing anything important. Then I will work hard and perseveringly. So, I have made some achievements and I will do better.
17.So I believe a...tomorrow...will be achieved through efforts of every person.
例句：So I believe a safe tomorrow of less car accidents will be achieved through efforts of every person.
18.Therefore, we should not only...but...as well.
例句：Therefore, we should not only realize that competition and cooperation, like two sides of the coin, have to go hand in hand, but fix more attention on how to make full use of cooperation as well.
19.In short, ...are the major problems to be solved to...
例句：In short, shortage of water, decrease of fertile fields and environmental pollution are the major problems to be solved to increase grain production.
20.Who is to say that...?
例句：Who is to say that our scientists may not provide a better theory?
二.英语作文结尾段落万能句子
1. 至于我，在某种程度上我同意后面的观点，我认为……
As far as I am concerned, I agree with the latter opinion to some extent. I think that ____.
2. 总而言之，整个社会应该密切关注……这个问题。只有这样，我们才能在将来……。
In a word, the whole society should pay close attention to the problem of ______.Only in this way can ______in the future.
3. 但是，……和……都有它们各自的优势(好处)。例如，……，而……。然而，把这两者相比较，我更倾向于(喜欢)……
But ______and ______have their own advantages. For example, _____, while_____. Comparing this with that, however, I prefer to______.
4. 就我个人而言，我相信……，因此，我坚信美好的未来正等着我们。因为……
Personally, I believe that_____. Consequently, I'm confident that a bright future is awaiting us because______.
5. 随着社会的发展，……。因此，迫切需要……。如果每个人都愿为社会贡献自已的一份力量，这个社会将要变得越来越好。
With the development of society, ______.So it"s urgent and necessary to ____.If every member is willing to contribute himself to the society, it will be better and better.
6. 至于我(对我来说，就我而言)，我认为……更合理。只有这样，我们才能……
For my part, I think it reasonable to_____. Only in this way can you _____.
7. 对我来说，我认为有必要……。原因如下：第一，……; 第二，……;最后……但同样重要的是……
In my opinion, I think it necessary to____. The reasons are as follows. First _____.Second ______. Last but not least,______.
8. 在总体上很难说……是好还是坏，因为它在很大程度上取决于……的形势。然而，就我个人而言，我发现……。
It is difficult to say whether _____is good or not in general as it depends very much on the situation of______. However, from a personal point of view find______.
9. 综上所述，我们可以清楚地得出结论……
From what has been discussed above, we may reasonably arrive at the conclusion that____.
10. 如果我们不采取有效的方法，就可能控制不了这种趋势，就会出现一些意想不到的不良后果，所以，我们应该做的是……
If we can not take useful means, we may not control this trend, and some undesirable result may come out unexpectedly, so what we should do is_____.
三.BEC作文常用结尾句
1. Taking into account of all these factors , we may reach the conclusion that_____ .
2. All reliable evidences point to one saying , that is _____ .
3. For the reasons presented above , I strongly commit to the notion that _____ .
4. While it is true that _____ , I think that _____ .
5. Given the factors I have just outlined , I can only say that _____ .
6. This is not to say that _____ . But in terms of _____ , it is _____ .
7. Therefore , it is easy to draw the conclusion that _____ .
8. Recognizing the fact that _____ should drive us to conclude that _____ .
9. To put all into a nutshell , I _____ .
10. In a word , I support the statement that it is better to _____ because Good stuff! Wonder why there are so few hits.
