这次小编给大家整理了9大雅思阅读考试技巧(共含8篇),供大家阅读参考。同时,但愿您也能像本文投稿人“一闪一闪”一样,积极向本站投稿分享好文章。
1. 模拟考试环境
考过雅思的同学都知道, 四科里面时间最紧的当属阅读, 很多人初次去考试都会答不完卷子。如果想在时间上做更好的掌控,计时练习就变得相当有必要了。大家给自己限定一小时时间,之后核对答案,看下最终分数。
另外友情提示下各位,一小时的时间还包括把答案转移到题纸的时间。 转移答案的时候大概会消耗两分钟左右, 如此看来时间就变得更加紧迫了!
2. 不计时完成三篇文章阅读
此方法为了提高大家的精读能力,不要为了做题而做题, 而是为了把题目读懂、吃透。 每个词、每个短语、每个句式的功能都分析清楚再去答题。
此方法适合备考时间较长的,同时对阅读期望分值比较高的同学。
3. 20分钟完成一篇文章
初期做阅读练习学生,整个阅读三篇文章一起读下来会有种大脑被掏空的感觉。适度练习起码不会起到逆反心理。
此方法适合不喜欢阅读的同学, 最前期适应练习。
4. 没有时间限制完成一篇文章
依旧还是一篇文章, 如果20分钟的计时导致时间紧迫造成错误率过高, 可采用此种方法。没有时间限制的阅读也是为了阅读而阅读, 提升总体阅读实力。
5. 一次只做一个题型
题刷多了之后他家会发现, 不同题型他对文章不同部分的考察点是不一样的。比如list of headings考察是段落理解能力,True/ False / Not given考察的是句子理解能力。有针对性的答题往往会总结出适合自己的答题规律。
此方法适合多次刷题, 但毫无题感的同学。
6. 在字典的帮助下答题
此方法可检测出阅读失分的原因, 究竟是因为生词? 句式复杂? 还是逻辑是的问题? 如果有了字典的帮助还是得不到高分,就和生词没有关系了
7. 只读文章不做题
没有压力的阅读, 会让你的阅读分数提升。 其实也是鼓励各位培养良好的阅读习惯。
8. 核对答案后分析答案
如果做题中一味只是为了核对答案而做题, 实际这题方法没有多大意义。很多阅读8分的学生在做题中更多的会思考出题者出题的角度是什么,得出规律。甚至有些学生在阅读完文章后,都会猜到部分题目考官考什么,或者他会挖什么陷阱。这其实就是我们所强调的,从考官角度思考问题。
9. 整理词汇表格及关键词表格
其实整个雅思考试就是一套同义替换的体系,阅读听力口语写作皆是如此。 阅读中的同义替换放到写作中当然也适用。毕竟都是学术用语。
如果你已经厌倦了按部就班的做题, 如果你的雅思阅读万年6分得不到改观,不妨试试以上9大雅思阅读考试技巧。根据自己实际情况选择部分方法加以练习!
[9大雅思阅读考试技巧]
雅思口语技巧1:转折用though替换but
当你想说but来转折语气,不妨忍一下,然后在句子后面加个though,立马瞬间洋气了许多!例如:
例如exactly, basically, really这些副词可以加强或者缓和语气,更准确的表达我们的真实想法。例如:
雅思口语技巧3:使用从句增色语言
使用简单不易出错的同位语从句,例如:
People are now aware of the fact that many restaurants are not that hygienic.
Despite the fact that she was wearing a seat belt, she was thrown sharply forward.
雅思口语技巧4:多用强调句式,增加语法的广度
例如礼物类话题的万年句式:
It doesn't matter how expensive the gift is, it's the thought that matters.
雅思口语技巧5:用tend to替换most of
当你想说most of… 的时候,不妨改口成tend to,词汇量有没有显得多一些!例如:
Most Chinese people cook at home instead of dining out. 就可以说成Chinese people tend to cook at home.
雅思口语技巧6:避免过多使用very
口语答案里面呢,要有意识的尽可能抛弃very,一种方法是用pretty替代,另一种就直接用个更高级的形容词。例如:
That performance was pretty impressive.
I'm pretty sure about that.
还有instead of saying “very angry”, you can use the word “furious”.
那同理,如果我们想表达a little + adj.,也可以找到相应的更传神的形容词,例如:tipsy = a little drunk
雅思口语技巧7:形容词前加副词
这也是不错的应急措施哦,如果实在想不到高大上的形容词了,就用一个副词来加强一下情感,例如:
She's shockingly beautiful.
It's an outrageously expensive meal.
雅思口语技巧8:避免生硬地说NO
同学们在回答考官问题的时候,其实自己也觉得说个No很伤感情,那怎么能用比较不伤感情的语言表达同样的意思呢,下面的几句可以记一下:
-Does your school have diving classes?
-Not that I'm aware of, no.
(至少)我不知道。(潜台词:可能有,不过我不知道。)
-Have you ever had the experience when you watched the sky for a long time?
-Not that I can think of, no.
我想不到。(潜台词:可能有,不过我暂时想不到,暂时记不起来。)
-Do you love nature?
-Well, not really. I'm more of an indoor person.
注意,每一个yes or no之后,一定要加原因哦!
“I mean”可以用来解释刚刚自己抛出去的话,比如,在解释自己最不喜欢的电影的时候可以说:
That movie was so boring, I mean, nothing happened for the first hour!
这个也可以有很灵活的变体:and by… I mean…,比如:
He has a gorgeous wife, and by wife I mean mistress. (此例子完全为了解释用法…)
“You mean…?”该句式是为了跟考官check information,如果你不想用“I'm sorry?”来让考官重复问题,你完全可以用它来确定一下自己的理解是否跟考官的问题吻合。
注意:一般这样问,是已经理解了八九不离十,如果真的完全没听懂问题,请用以下句式:
Sorry, I didn't quite catch it. 不好意思没听清,能在重复一下子不?
Sorry, could you slow down, please? 不好意思您能把语速放慢点儿不?
Sorry, can you rephrase the question, please? 不好意思您能解释一下刚才的问题不?(就是问题里面有生词,此时无论考官repeat几遍问题,你也不可能懂,所以需要麻烦他rephrase改述一下问题)
雅思口语答案参考:关于重要决定帮助人的话题
Describe an important decision made with the help of other people (new )
You should say:
When it happened?
Who helped you to make the decision?
And how you felt about it?
雅思口语第二部分答案参考
I have made a decision that let my friend give up piano lessons. When I was in high school, my friend had to choose piano lessons because his parents were piano teachers. They spent a lot of time and money to help my friends learn piano in order to pass the family honor. However, I clearly know that my friend does not like playing the piano.
我曾经做过让好朋友放弃学钢琴的决定。在高中的时候,我朋友不得不选择学钢琴因为他的父母是钢琴老师。他们花了大量的时间和金钱辅导我朋友学习钢琴是为了传递家族的荣誉。然而,我很清楚的知道我朋友并不喜欢弹钢琴。
He hated boring piano lessons. He always skips classes and joins in my math lessons. When I found out that he was particularly interested in mathematics, I persuaded him to talk to his parents about his ideas and real interests. Later, he asked me whether he needed to give up the piano lessons. The decision I gave is to give up the piano and choose what you want.
他讨厌无聊的钢琴课,总是逃课和我一起上数学课。当我发现他对数学特别感兴趣之后,我劝他跟父母聊聊自己的想法和真正的兴趣。后来,他问我需不需要放弃钢琴而选择数学。我给出来的决定就是放弃钢琴,选择你想要的。
Finally, he won the first prize in math class. Besides, he has won many mathematical competitions in our city. He later told me that he was very grateful to choose mathematics and let him learn a lot of different knowledge.
最后,他获得了第一名的数学成绩在我们班。而且,他还获得了很多数学比赛的奖在我们城市。他后来跟我说非常感谢能够选择数学,让他学会了很多不一样的知识。
雅思口语第三部分答案参考
When young people are to make a decision, should they listen to some advice?
Young people need to listen. First, some ideas can help us avoid losses and enable ourselves to achieve goals better and faster. Second, some of the tips are experience. Some useful experiences can improve the accuracy of decision making and save time.
我觉得需要听取意见。第一,有些意见能够帮助我们避免损失,让自己能够更好更快的实现目标。第二,有些意见是过去的经验。一些有用的经验能够提高我们做决定的准确度,还能节约时间。
Who will be helpful when making decision in your country?
First, our parents, who have many experiences, can provide very good suggestions. Moreover, their aims are kindness and non-selfishness. Second, our teachers, who have a lot of professional knowledge, can help us make decisions more scientifically and objectively.
第一,我们的父母,他们有很多经验可以提供很好的建议。而且他们的目的都是善良和不夹杂私利的。第二,我们的老师,他们有很多专业的知识,能够更科学和客观的帮助我们做出决定。
Should we trust the advice given by strangers for making decisions?
No,we should more time to think about these advices. Because we do not know what the purpose of strangers is to help us. Most of the time, strangers have private gains to offer advice. And sometimes stranger’s advices is not what we want, and their advice is always weakness.
我觉得需要花时间认真思考。因为我们不知道陌生人帮助我们的目的是什么。很多时候陌生人都会带有私利去提供建议。而且有时候陌生提供的建议不是我们想要的,他们的建议总是比较空洞无力的。
Do you think it is advisable listening to others’ advice when making decisions?
Yes. Before we make a decision, we need a lot of experience and knowledge. So other people's suggestions can fill some experience and knowledge that I don't know. At the same time, you can check whether your background is correct through others' suggestions. These can effectively improve our accuracy.
是的。当我们做决定之前,我们需要借助很多经验和知识。因此其他人的建议能够弥补一些我不知道的经验和知识。同时,通过别人的建议,可以检查自己了解的背景是否正确。这些能够有效提高我们的准确度。
雅思口语高难度话题:描述美食
1. Do you like chocolate?
Yeah I love chocolate! I think it tastes great, and I have to control myself when I start eating it coz it’s just so difficult to stop, if you know what I mean! So yeah, you could say I’m a bit of a chocoholic!
是的,我喜欢巧克力!我觉得味道很棒,而且当我开始吃它的时候我必须控制自己,因为很难停止,如果你明白我的意思的话!所以,你可以说我有点巧克力味!
2. How often do you eat chocolate?
If I’m gonna be truthful with you I’d say pretty much every day, which I know is not the most healthy of habits, but I just can’t help it! You know, I always keep a stock of chocolate at home, and I’ll normally have some after lunch or dinner, cos it’s just a really nice way to finish off a meal.
如果我对你说实话,我几乎每天都会说,我知道这不是最健康的习惯,但我就是忍不住!你知道,我总是在家里储备一些巧克力,我通常在午餐或晚餐后吃一些,因为这是吃完一顿饭的好方法。
3. What’s your favourite flavor?
I guess it would have to be milk chocolate, simply because for me it tastes the best! I know that dark chocolate’s meant to be, like, the healthiest and all that, but it has a kind of bitter taste to it. And white chocolate’s a little bit too creamy for me, so I normally always go for milk chocolate.
我想那一定是牛奶巧克力,因为对我来说味道最好!我知道黑巧克力的意思是,像是最健康的和所有的,但是它有一种苦味。而白巧克力对我来说有点太奶油了,所以我通常都会吃牛奶巧克力。
4. Is chocolate expensive in China?
I think it really kind of depends on what chocolate you’re talking about, because there’s a lot which is made here in China that’s pretty cheap. For example, you can get a small bar of chocolate for only a few RMB, which I think’s pretty reasonable.
我想这要看你说的是什么巧克力,因为中国有很多便宜的巧克力。举个例子,你只需要几块人民币就能买到一小块巧克力,我认为这很合理。
But if you want really nice chocolate imported from places like Belgium and Switzerland, then it’s pretty expensive. I mean, you’re looking at, like, a hundred RMB for a box, something like that.
但是如果你想从比利时和瑞士等地方进口巧克力,那就太贵了。我的意思是,你看,比如说,一百元一个盒子,诸如此类。
5. When was the first time you ate chocolate?
Geez, I honestly can’t remember. I imagine it must have been when I was a small child, but I honestly have no idea what age I was. Let me see…um… If I was to hazard a guess, I’d say I was probably, like, 4 or 5, cos my parents were always really good to me as a child and I’m sure I must have persuaded them at some stage to let me try some!
哎呀,老实说我记不起来了。我想这一定是我小时候的事,但我真的不知道我是什么年纪。让我想想……嗯……如果我冒险猜一猜,我会说我可能是,比如4或5,因为我的父母在我小时候总是对我很好,我肯定在某个阶段说服他们让我试试!
6. Is chocolate popular in China?
Yeah it is, especially in the last few years. I mean, if you go into any supermarket now, you’ll see shelves of it! And if I think about all my friends and family here, just about all of them are big chocolate fans. So yeah, I think it’s pretty fair to say that a lot of people here in China enjoy eating chocolate.
是的,尤其是最近几年。我的意思是,如果你现在进入任何超市,你会看到它的架子!如果我想到我所有的朋友和家人,几乎所有的人都是大巧克力迷。所以,我认为很公平地说中国很多人喜欢吃巧克力。
雅思口语高分词组:
Shelf - 架子
just about all – almost all
I think it’s pretty fair to say that– 我觉得可以说…
If I was to hazard a guess– 如果我得猜测的话
at some stage - at some time
Chocolate bar - 巧克力棒
And all that - 如此等等
Normally always – 一般总是
Pretty much every day= almost every day
Stock – 贮存;储备 (If you have a stock of things, you have a supply of them stored in a place ready to be used.)
Chocoholic – someone who loves chocolate; 嗜食巧克力的人
分类题(Categorizing)
§ 在分类题中,一般有三个类别(我们可以称之为甲、乙、丙)以及一些项目,要求是将这些项目分别归入这三个类别之中。在文章中,一般会讲述两种不同的事物,我们姑且称它们为A和B. 类别甲中归入与A类事物有关的项目,类别乙中归入与B类事物有关的项目,而类别丙中归入与A和B都有关的项目。
§ 在文章中,作者会对A和B 两类事物进行分别探讨和互相比较,因此我们在阅读时就必须注意作者在谈论和比较A和B 的时候是否提到这些项目,并把这些项目归入到适当的类别中去。一般来说,作者会在不同的段落中讲述A和B 两类事物,不过有时A和B 会在同一段落中被提到,因为作者要把它们作一个详细的比较。
T: Desktop publishing
3 The first stage in the old method of preparing INFO was the gathering together of all text, photographs and graphics which would make up the bulk of the magazine. The next step was marking the text for the printer---a rather laborious, and occasionally hit-and-miss affair! In essence, this meant judging the approximate length of the articles and choosing appropriate print sizes and styles (fonts). The appropriately marked pages were then sent to the printer for type-setting. The end-product of this type-setting phase is called a galley and takes the form of continuous columns on long sheets of paper.
4 At this stage the fun begins! All the columns of text have to be cut and manually pasted onto sheets of paper marked out in columns, to give the layout for each page of the magazine. If one had misjudged the length of text at the type-setting phase, then screams of agony would mingle the pervading smell of glue in the editorial offices as a very stressed editor wrangles bits of text and photographs. The flexibility of this old system was very limited, page layout was largely pre-determined and type-setting errors meant long and time-consuming proof-reading, both at the galley stage and at the final page proof stage. An additional problem with the old method is the length of time between the copy date (stage 1) and the publication of the magazine (about six weeks for INFO).
5 Desktop publishing made our life a lot easier. Now with our new system, we first type the text of the article on an ordinary word-processing package (MultiMate Advantage II is used but any other package is usable) or we ask our contributors to send us their article on a disk, typed with almost any word processor on an IBM or compatible PC computer. The second stage is to design the page frame, i.e. size, number of columns and margins. We then place the text in the page with an easy command called “Autoflow”.
6 The third stage is the design of the layout: placing illustrations and choosing the most suitable typeface. At the last stage, we print the articles on the laser printer and pass them on to colleagues to be proof-read. After making all corrections, the files containing our next INFO are copied on to a disk and sent to our printers for publication.
Q: Below are headings showing the sages involved in printing any document. According to the
information in the passage:
write T if the stage is necessary in traditional printing;
write D if the stage is necessary with desktop publishing;
write TD if the stage is necessary in both methods.
I1 gathering input
I2 designing page frame
I3 marking text
I4 type-setting
I5 page design
I6 cutting and pasting
I7 proof-reading
解题:这里选取的是文章的第三到第六段,其中三、四两段谈论traditional printing(T),而五、六两段探讨desktop publishing(D)。在traditional printing中,首先是the gathering together of all text, photographs and graphics,其次是marking the text for theprinter,再其次then sent to the printer for type-setting,然后是have to be cut and manually pasted onto sheets of paper marked out in columns, to give the layout for each page of the magazine,最后是long and time-consuming proof-reading;而在desktop publishing中,首先是ask our contributors to send us their article on a disk,其次是design the page frame,然后是the design of the layout,最后we print the articles on the laser printer and pass them on to colleagues to be proof-read. 根据这些列出的两种印刷方法的各个步骤,我们可以准确地将上述的项目进行归类:I1 gathering input --- TD;I2 designing page frame --- D;I3 marking text --- T;I4 type-setting --- T;I5 page design --- TD;I6 cutting and pasting --- T;I7 proof-reading --- TD.
多选题是雅思阅读考试里一项比较难而且比较另类的题型,因为其他任何题型只会有一个答案与之对应,而多选题往往会要从选项中选出2-3个答案。很多同学会觉得多选题不知道从何下手,在别的题目中使用的关键词定位技巧在这类题目中有点茫然。
其实多选题并没有想象的那么难,用一句话来介绍我喜欢用的方法是:把多选题的每一个选项都转化为一个True/False/Not Given题来做。做完之后,所有选True的选项便是应该选择的正确答案。
比如剑4-94页的20-21题:
The list below gives some statements about anthropology.
Which TWO statements are mentioned by the writer of the text?
A It is important for government planners.
B It is a continually growing field of study.
C It often involves long period of fieldwork.
D It is subdivided for study purpose.
E It studies human evolutionary patterns.
那么我们可以把5个选项看做5个TFNG题,然后去解答这些TFNG题。因为TFNG往往是大家练习得很多,现存的技巧很多,特别具有“定位+做题”特色的题,所以大家做起来会觉得轻车熟路。直接划出每个选项中的关键词,如government planners, growing field, filedwork, subdivide, evolutionary patterns. 接下来用这些词去定位,会发现只有D和E是true,其他的都是NG,所以正确答案就是DE。
在剑4-95上还有一道题,大家可以马上尝试自己做这个题目,实践一下上述方法。
雅思备考高效阅读技巧一:掌握文章结构
如果我们掌握了雅思阅读的三大类文章结构——介绍说明类、问题解决类和实验研究类,那么在考试中遇到结构相似的文章就可以判断出自己需要的信息大概在文章的哪个位置,提高大家的做题速度。
介绍说明类的文章一般都是先引出主题,然后就按照事物发展顺序来介绍,所用语言多是客观性的描述,最后通常是总结一下这个现象或事件的意义。比如说,剑桥真题中的what do whales feel?、alternative medicine in australia、Johnson's dictionary等都是这类文章。
问题解决类的文章同样是先引出主题,然后就对问题产生的原因和影响进行分析,最后就是提出一些合适的应对措施或者目前没有合适的办法,需要寄希望于未来。这类文章多是对于一些社会、环保自然等一些消极方面的现象的分析,比如说剑桥真题中的the truth about the environment、endless harvest、disappearing delta等。
实验研究类的文章更为固定,一般先介绍实验目的、实验对象和实验条件,然后就是实验过程和实验的关键部分,最后就是分析数据,得出结论。剑桥真题中的类似的文章有visual symbols and the blind、nature or nurture、the effects of light on plant and animal species等。更为具体的对三类文章结构的讲解大家可以参考雅思阅读文章的三个精品结构
雅思备考高效阅读技巧二:熟悉文章背景知识
大家生活中肯定都有这样的经验,看自己熟悉领域的文章会比较快,比较容易理解;遇到不熟悉的文章,就会降低阅读速度,以求能理解文章。雅思阅读备考也是一样。如果我们能够熟悉积累众多不同题材文章的背景知识,那自己面对不同类型的文章都能阅读的很快。比如说,你经常看太空方面的科技知识,那在考试中遇到同样题材的文章,由于对背景知识的熟悉、对专业术语的熟悉,那阅读的速度就可以既快又准确。
我们通常都是通过雅思阅读的题源来学习积累相关的背景知识。常见的题源有:New Scientist、The Economist、American Scientist、Scientific American和National Geographic。更为具体的雅思阅读题源的备考方法大家可以参考雅思阅读文章有哪些来源
雅思备考高效阅读技巧三:标记重点内容
雅思阅读浏览文章的过程中,还有一个非常重要的技巧需要给大家分享,那就是——学会做笔记。我们知道,雅思阅读文章会有一些常见的考点,比如说段落大意、人名配对、对长难句的理解、文章主题、一些事件流程等。如果我们在略读文章的时候,就将这些重点信息标记出来,那做题的时候不仅方便定位,甚至可以直接做题。比如说,你划出了各段的主题句,那就可以直接和小标题进行匹配,是不是感觉做题速度大大提高了呢?具体的做笔记的方法大家可以参考雅思阅读做题记笔记的重要性
雅思备考之通读文章策略
1浏览文章的必要性
浏览文章是雅思阅读的必备策略。做题时,通常先阅读题目,然后通过题目中的关键词到文章中定位,最后找到答案。但是若遇到某些题型,单纯依靠定位就不合时宜了,即使侥幸做对,那也是自欺欺人。
例如目前颇有大展其鼓之势的段落细节配对题。简而言之,此题型就是出题者给出一个细节,然后要求答题者找出细节所在的相应段落。若用定位法,势必整段逐行搜寻,耗时耗力,效率等同于通读全文,更何况有时还未必能找到题干中的相同词语,而是需要靠做题者自己去归纳。
例如“剑四”52页30题题干“a description of the mental activities which are exercised and developed during play”,在文章相关段落中很难甄别出上述信息。还有T/F/NG题中,虽然题目顺序与原文答案出现顺序一般保持一致,但也不能完全排除顺序打乱的情况出现,例如“剑五”19页8-13题。要做出这些题,那就非读文章不可了。
2结构阅读法
那么雅思文章该怎么读呢?首先,我们来看看雅思权威考官Vanessa Jakeman和Clare McDowell两位专家是怎么说的:“When you go to university or college you may be overwhelmed by the amount of reading you are expected to do. You will have to do a lot of this reading on your own and you will need to be able to read discriminatingly. This means you will need to have the skills required to focus in on the information that is important to you and to skim through the information that isn’t.”按照他们的说法,雅思阅读就是考察学生在读长文章时筛选信息的能力,即read discriminately,知道哪些是重要信息必须细读,哪些是无用的,可以忽略。
雅思考题的设计思路不仅是为了测试考生的语言水平,更在于帮助考生培养起一套适合英联邦大学教学观念的学习方法。
在英国念文科的同学都会有这样一种共识,那就是一学期要看很多书,写很多essay,有的同学虽然很刻苦,整日地泡在图书馆里做书虫,但还是读不完reading list中的必读书。再对比周围英国同学,他们不见得比我们刻苦,却很能掉书袋,写出的essay理论功底更深。
学习效率的高低正是由阅读方法的差异造成的。中国学生从小接受英语精读教学,咬文嚼字,看书喜欢一页页地细嚼慢咽。就个人阅读习惯而言,这种读法无可厚非,但若是做学问,这就不是正确的方法了。而英国学生读书,总是先浏览目次、摘要等信息,然后阅读索引,找寻需要的信息,所以他们一本书通常读一天甚至于几小时就够了。同样雅思的文章,也没必要逐字逐句的读,而是要了解作者行文时的构思以及写文章要达到的目的。如果做题前就能对文章的思路了如指掌,那就好比站在了作者的高度,定位时也就不会出现无的放矢的碰运气了。
有的同学也许会有这样的疑问,雅思文章题材五花八门,行文艰深晦涩,要看懂都不容易,怎样能在几分钟内,梳理出作者的写作思路呢?对于这个问题我们知道,雅思文章的学术性虽然决定了它的深度,但另一方面也决定了相对固定的文章结构。
因为学术是严谨的,在形式上它有一套严格的规范(the established academic caliber)。就学术范畴的文章而言,其观点可以犀利独到,但论证必须缜密,所以文章层次结构相比起他体裁是稳定的。换言之,学术文章有点八股文的味道。那么我们就可以利用这点迅速掌握文章结构继而掌握思路了。
文章的性质决定了文章的结构。在《剑桥雅思》的前言中,关于阅读有这样一段话: “The passages are on topics of general interest. At least one text contains detailed logical argument.” 据笔者观察,所有雅思文章都可以分为两大类:介绍性的学术说明文和论辩性的学术论文。
雅思阅读考试技巧
摘要题(Summary Completion)是雅思考试一大主力题型。按照07年、08年的统计数据,全年所有考试的题型出现比例,摘要题高居前四。如果考虑到统计的一些误差(网络上的考试回忆并非都是专业的雅思教师所做的,一些考生会仅仅因为记得“填空”这一Summary和其他几种题型――Sentence Completion,Notes Completion,Table Completion,Flow-chart Completion,Labeling a Diagram――所共有的答案填写方式而混为一谈,统统将其称作填空),摘要题的实际出现比例可能还会更高。
对于这样一种高频的题型,众多考生的心情是很复杂的,因为对其考察方式的不了解和误解,Summary在不少考生心目中式一种具有相当难度的题型。那么到底Summary在雅思考试中式怎样考察我们的?外在特征和内在属性有哪些?考点设计和所需技能是什么?
从广义的角度来看,笔者对于雅思阅读所有现存题型的分析基于一种“三要素内在属性分析体系”,从本文开始,我们将一直沿用这样一套方法来对各种题型逐一进行解析。Summary是这其中的第一站。笔者所指的三要素分别是:
主旨考察or细节考察(Gist/Detail)
有序考察or乱序考察(In/Out of order)
全文考察or局部考察(Global/Local)
雅思考试不同题型在三要素的表现各不相同,但总体上有一些倾向性。比如对于第一要素主旨或细节,大部分题目都只考察或把重点放在细节方面;对于第二要素有序或无序来说,无序的是绝对少数;而对于第三要素全文或局部,多数题目的共性却是事前无法确知――只有当我们完成该题型之后,一般才会知道它是global 还是local的。也就是说,多数题型在第三要素的这一共性反映了一点:即它们都既有Global类型的,也有Local类型的。
如何掌握定义、举例、复述三个雅思阅读考试技巧
1. 根据定义猜测词义
如果生词是句子或段落所解释的定义,理解句子或段落本身就是推断词义。
例如: anthropology is the scientific study of man. 由定义可知,anthropology就是“研究人类的科学”。
In slang the term “jam” constitutes a state of being in which a person finds himself or herself in a difficult situation. 同样,从上下文的定义可知jam一词在俚语中的意思是“困境”。 定义句的谓语动词多为:be, mean, deal with, be considered, to be, refer to, be called, be known as, define, represent, signify, constitute等。
2根据复述猜测词义
虽然复述不如定义那样严谨、详细,但是提供的信息足以使阅读者猜出生词词义。 复述部分可以适当词、短语或是从句。
同位语 Semantics, the study of the meaning of words, is necessary if you are to speak and read intelligently.
此例逗号中短语意为“对词意义进行研究的学科”。该短语与前面生词semanties式同位关系,因此我们不难猜出semanties指“语义学”。
在复述中构成同位关系的两部分之间多用逗号连接,有时也使用破折号,冒号,分 号,引号,和括号等。
Capacitance, or the ability to store electric charge, is one of the most common characteristics of electronic circuits.
由同位语我们很快猜出生词capacitance词义---电容量。
需要注意的是:同位语前 还常有or, similarly, that is to say, in other words, namely, or other, say i. e. 等副词或短语出现。
定语从句 Krabacber suffers from SAD, which is short for seasonal affective disorder, a syndrome characterized by severe seasonal mood swings.
根据生词SAD后面定语从句which is short for seasonal affective disorder和同位语a syndrome characterized by severe seasonal mood swings, 我们可以推断出 SAD含义,即“季节性情绪紊乱症”。
3根据举例猜测词义
恰当的举例能够提供猜测生词的重要线索,例如:
The consequences of epochal events such as wars and great scientific discoveries are not confined to a small geographical area as they were in the past. 句中“战争”和“重大科学发现”是生词的实例,通过它们我们可以猜出epochal的大致词义“重要的”,这与其确切含义“划时代的”十分接近。
★ 雅思考试写作范文
★ 雅思考试总分多少