以下是小编给大家收集的七年级英语语法:可数名词和不可数名词(共含8篇),欢迎大家前来参阅。同时,但愿您也能像本文投稿人“小黄黄”一样,积极向本站投稿分享好文章。
可数名词变复数规则变化
1、一般情况下,加s ;
读音规则:清读/s/ ,浊、元/z/
eg:book→books;desk→desks;pen→pens;car→cars
s遇t读[ts],遇d读[dz]
eg:friend→friends; cat→cats;
以s、x、ch、sh结尾的名词,加-es;
读音规则:读[iz];
eg:bus→buses; box→boxes; watch→watches; dish→dishes
以辅音字母+y结尾的名词,要把y变为i,再加-es;
读音规则:读[z]。
eg:library---libraries; baby→babies;
注意:元音字母加y结尾的单词直接加s;
eg:toy→toys;boy→boys;
以-f或-fe结尾的名词,要将-f或-fe变为-v,再加es;
读音规则:读[vz];eg:knife→knives;leaf→leaves;
以-o结尾的名词,有的加s,有的加es
读音规则:读[z]。
初中阶段只有4个单词要加-es,其余都加-s;
口诀:“黑人英雄爱吃土豆西红柿”
eg:tomato→tomatoes西红柿; potato→potatoes土豆; hero→heroes英雄; Negro—Negroes
其余eg:zoo→zoos; photo→photos;
可数名词变复数不规则变化:
1.单词内部发生变化:口诀:oo常常变ee,男人女人a变e
eg:foot→feet脚;tooth→teeth牙齿;man→men男人;woman→women女人;
2.单复数相同:羊鱼小鹿无变化,单数复数是一家
eg:sheep→sheep绵羊;fish→fish鱼;deer→deer鹿;
不规则变化:child→children孩子;mouse→mice老鼠;German→Germans德国人;
某国人的复数有三种类型:
口诀:中日不变,英法变,其它在后加s
Chinese, Japanese单数复数同形,不需加s;
Englishman, Frenchman,复数要把man 变为men;
其他各国人直接加s。如:Americans, Australian
名词变复数练习题
一、写出下列名词的复数形式
1、orange
2、class
3、text
4、monkey
5、piano
6、child
7、shelf
8、bed
9、country
10、family
11、toy
12、foot
13、Japanese
14、radio
15、photo
16、sheep
17、tomato
18、fox
19、woman
20、knife
二、选择填空
1. They come from different ______
A. country B. countries C. a country D. countrys
2. How many ______ do you see in the picture?
A. tomatos B. tomatoes C. tomato D. the tomato
3. They are______.
A . woman teachers B. women teachers
C. women teacher D. woman teacher
4. Would you like _______ ,please?
A. two glass of water B. two glasses of water
C. two glass of waters D. two glasses of waters
5. Most of ______ live in _______.
A. Germans, German B. German, Germen
C. Germen, Germany D. Germans, Germany
6. There are some ______ in these _______.
A.knifes…pencil-boxes B.knives…pencils-box
C.knives…pencil-box D.knives…pencils-boxes
7. ______ like ______ by air.
A. Greens, travelling B. The Green, traveling
C. The Greens, travel D. The Greens, traveling
8..How many_____do they have??
A.picture B.pictures C.a picture
9. There is no ______ in the plate.
A. apples B. oranges C. rice D. eggs
10. _______ are good for our health.
A. Tomatos B. Tomatoes C. Tomato
11. ______ and ______ are not friends.
A. Foxs…wolfs B. Foxes…wolfs C. Foxes…wolves
12. These are the ______ of our national ______.
A. photos … heroes
B. photoes … heroes
C. photos … heros
13. The ______ are running on the ______.
A. deer … grasses
B. deers … grass
C. deer … grass
14. I was so hungry and I ate two ______.
A. bowls of noodle
B. bowls of noodles
C. bowl of noodles
三、把1—10句变为复数句
1. This is my friend.
2. This is a bike.
3.That is her brother.
4.This is a book.
5.That is an eraser.
6.It is a red orange.
7.He is a teacher.
8. What’s this?
9.This is my mother.
10.He is a Chinese boy.
Some nouns in English are uncountable nouns.
英语中有些单词是不可数名词。
We do not use uncountable nouns in the plural and we do not use them with the indefinitearticle, a/an.
不可数名词没有复数形式,我们也不用不定冠词a/an修饰他们。
We ate a lot of foods >We ate a lot of food
We bought some new furnitures >We bought some new furniture.
That’s a useful information >That’s useful information
We can use some quantifiers with uncountable nouns:
我们可以用某些量词修饰不可数名词:
He gave me some useful advice.
They gave us a lot of information.
Uncountable nouns often refer to:
不可数名词有一下类别:
Substances: food; water; wine; salt; bread; iron
Human feelings or qualities: anger; cruelty; happiness; honesty; pride;
Activities: help; sleep; travel; work
Abstract ideas: beauty; death; fun; life
Common uncountable nouns
常见的不可数名词
There are some common nouns in English, like accommodation, which are uncountable nouns even though they have plurals in other languages:
英语中有许多名词,如accommodation,是不可数名词,但它在其他语言中有复数形式:
Let me give you some advice.
How much luggage have you got?
If we want to make these things countable, we use expressions like:
如果想让这些词变得可数,可以用下列短语:
Let me give you a piece of advice.
That’s a useful piece of equipment.
We bought a few bits of furniture for the new apartment.
She had six separate items of luggage.
but we do not use accommodation, money and traffic in this way.
Let me give you a piece of advice.
That’s a useful piece of equipment.
We bought a few bits of furniture for the new apartment.
She had six separate items of luggage.
but we do not use accommodation, money and traffic in this way.
We do not use uncountable nouns in the plural and we do not use them with the indefinite article, a/an.
不可数名词没有复数形式,我们也不用不定冠词a/an修饰他们。
We ate a lot of foods >We ate a lot of food
We bought some new furnitures >We bought some new furniture.
That’s a useful information >That’s useful information
We can use some quantifiers with uncountable nouns:
我们可以用某些量词修饰不可数名词:
He gave me some useful advice.
They gave us a lot of information.
Uncountable nouns often refer to:
不可数名词有一下类别:
Substances: food; water; wine; salt; bread; iron
Human feelings or qualities: anger; cruelty; happiness; honesty; pride;
Activities: help; sleep; travel; work
Abstract ideas: beauty; death; fun; life
Common uncountable nouns
常见的不可数名词
There are some common nouns in English, like accommodation, which are uncountable nouns even though they have plurals in other languages:
英语中有许多名词,如accommodation,是不可数名词,但它在其他语言中有复数形式:
Let me give you some advice.
How much luggage have you got?
If we want to make these things countable, we use expressions like:
如果想让这些词变得可数,可以用下列短语:
在职称英语考试中,可数名词与不可数名词是考察的语法知识点之一,如果考生不能熟练区别什么是可数名词,什么是不可数名词,那么在职称英语的考试中将会失去本不该丢失的分数。
1.定义
1) 可数名词: 一般来说个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算,称为可数名词。可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。
例如: a book, two books, a student, three students, a family, many families。
2) 不可数名词
不可数名词不能用数字计算包括物质名词( air, water等)及抽象名词(advice, hate)等。所以它通常只有单数形式。如:English, air, water, cotton, work...
不可数名词表示数量时,可以用量词来表达(量词有复数形式)其结构是数词+量词+OF+名词。
如:a bottle of water, two cups of tea, three pieces of paper
2.单复数变化
名词单数变复数变化如下
1).词尾直接加 s
如:cat--cats bag―bags day--days
2).以 s, sh, ch,x 结尾的词加es
如:class―classes match--matches box--boxes dish -dishes
3).以辅音加Y结尾的词变y为i, 加es. 元音加 y 结尾的词直接加 s,
如: party----parties city----cities story----stories
boy---- toys monkey----- monkeys key---- keys 等.
4).以f或fe结尾的词, 变 f 或fe为v, 加es
如: wife ---- wives half---- halves
注意特殊情况直接加“S”,要逐个记 chiefs, handkerchiefs, roofs.
5).以辅音加 o 结尾的词常加 es,
如: tomatoes, potatoes, heroes.
元音加 o结尾直接加s. 如:radios, zoos, pianos.
特殊情况: photos
6).名词单数变复数特殊变化也要逐个记得。
如: man-men, woman-women, tooth---teeth, goose---geese, foot---feet, child--children, mouse-mice
不可数名词没有复数变化
1. 不能用a,an,但可用the,或不用冠词,如:bread is the usual breakfast.
2.虽然不可数名词没有复数变化,但量词超过一时要加复数。
如:three cups of coffee, five bottles of water
实例1:
We have a large staff but there ______ in the office.
A. haven’t many furnitures
B. aren‘t many furnitures
C. hasn’t much furniture
D. isn‘t enough furniture
解题思路:根据名词数的概念A、B肯定错,不必考虑;C、D的主要差异是“hasn’t”与 “isn‘t”, 句子中有there,说明该句是there be句型,故正确答案为D.题中staff, office 等词与解题无关。
实例2:
The whole box of matches _____ wet; I couldn't light a simple one
A. was
B. is
C. were
D. are
解题思路:这道题如果没有后半句I couldn't light a simple one,是没办法解答的。这句话提示了两点:
1)时态为“过去时”,故B、D已不可能了;
2)“a simple one”说明是指盒子内的一根根火柴,故答案为C.试想,如果我们把后半句改为 “I had to throw it away”, 那么正确答案应是A.所以,看清题目的提示对于解题是非常重要的。
3.名词可数性的几个易错点
1)根据汉语习惯将英语的物质名词误认为是可数名词。如汉语中的“面包”,一般认为是可数的,可以说“一个面包”、“两个面包”等,但英语中的bread却通常是不可数的,不能相应地用 a bread,two breads 表示以上意思。不过有趣的是,loaf 表示“面包”却是可数的,可说 a loaf, two loaves。
2)想当然地判断名词的可数性。如有的学生认为 news(消息)和 paper(纸)都不可数,于是便想当然地认为 newspaper(报纸)就一定不可数,但事实上,newspaper 却是可数名词;又如有的同学认为 tear(眼泪)即“泪水”,并将其与 water(水)相联系,认为 tear 是不可数的,但事实上,tear 却是可数的。
3)受名词一词多义的影响。有的名词不只一个意思,且用于不同意思时,其可数性也有所不同。如aim表示“目的”时是可数名词,表示“瞄准”时是不可数名词;又如 experience 表示“经验”时不可数,表示“经历”时则可数;再如fortune,当它表示“运气”时,不可数(=luck),当它表示“命运”时,可数,当它表示“财产”时,不可数,但可与不定冠词连用。
不可数名词高中英语语法
want(any) advice or help.I want(some)information.
我不需要任何忠告或帮助。我想得到一些信息。
He has had no experience in this sort of work.
他干这种活没经验。
这些名词前往往加some(一些),any(任何),no(没有),a lit-tle(少许)等词,或加名词bit(一点儿),piece(片),slice(一部分)等+of结构:
a bit of news一件消息
a cake of soap一块肥皂
a drop of oil一滴油
a grain of sand一粒沙子
a pane of glass一块玻璃
a piece of advice一条忠告
a pot of jam一罐果酱
a sheet of paper一页纸
C. 以上几组词中的大部分在特殊情况下可用为可数名词,可在单数前加a/an,也可变为复数形式。例如,hair指一个人头上的全部头发时,是不可数名词;如果指每一根毛发时,就是可数的,可以说one hair(一根头发),two hairs(两根头发等):
Her hair is black.Whenever she finds a grey hair she pulls it out.
她的头发是黑的。她只要发现有一根白发就将它拔掉。
可以说喝beer(啤酒),coffee(咖啡),gin(杜松子酒),但要酒水的`时候说a(cup of)coffer(一杯啤酒),a gin(一杯杜松子酒),two gins(两杯杜松子酒)等。
可以说喝wine(葡萄酒),但必须说enjoy a good wine(品尝一种好酒),喝酒时用a glass或glasses(玻璃杯),也可以walk ina wood/woods(在小树林里散步)。
experience指某人的经历时是可数名词:
He had an exciting experience/some exciting experiences(=adventure/s)last week.
上星期他有一次/一些激动人心的经历。
work指职业/就业/工作时是不可数名词:
He is looking for work/for a job.
他在求职/找一份工作。
works(只有复数形式)可意为“工厂”或“机器的运转部分”。
works(通常用复数形式)指文学或音乐作品:
Shakespeare’s complete works莎士比亚全集
D. 一些抽象名词具有特殊意义时可带a/an。这些词有:
a help:
My children are a great help to me.
孩子们是我的得力帮手。
A good map would be a help.
一张好地图可能会有用处。
a relief:
It was a relief to sit down.
坐下来感到松了口气。
a knowledge+of:
He had a good knowledge of mathematics.
他深谙数学。
a dislike(讨厌)/dread(害怕)/hatred(仇恨)/horror(害怕)/love(热爱)+of结构也可这样使用:
a love of music对音乐的爱好
a hatred of violence对暴力的憎恨
a mercy(仁慈)/pity(怜悯)/shame(耻辱)/wonder(惊奇)可以和it引导的that从句一起使用:
It’s a pity you weren’t here.
你当时不在场太遗憾了。
It’s a shame he wasn’t paid.
他没拿到酬劳真丢人。
it+be+a pity/shame+动词不定式结构也是可能的:
It would be a pity to cut down these trees.
如果把这些树砍掉,那太可惜了。
E. a fear/fears(忧虑),a hope/hopes(希望),a suspicion/suspicions(猜疑)
这类词可与由there引导的that从句连用:
There is a fear/There are fears that he has been murdered.
恐怕他已经被谋杀了。
也可以用have a suspicion that…结构。
一件事可以arouse a fear/fears,a hope/hopes,a suspicion/suspi-cions等,意思是引起恐惧/希望/怀疑等。
英语当中可数名词和不可数名词,这是一个英语特有的概念,中文并没有所谓可数名词,我们表面上来看就说它数得清不可数名词给人感觉就数不清,大部分的名词都是符合这个规律的。比如说我们感觉苹果数得清,水给人感觉就数不清,那么这一些符合大的规律,但是我们要知道语言绝对不是那么的规则,自然而然会有一些看上去数得清的,其实是不可数名词,开上去数不清的,它偏偏就是可数名词,这绝对是有的,所以到底哪些名词是可数名词,哪些名词是不可数名词,我们不能一概而论,它有不规则的.地方,有历史决定的。
我们知道了以后,接下来我们看一下可数名词,不可数名词的用法上的特点。可数名词我们都可以加上数词,比如说apple,one,apple,two apples,它会有复数形式,one book,two books,many books。都这样,所以 book可数名词,复数就叫books,这些都是可数名词。当然还会有不可数名词,它就没有复数形式了,我们可以这么来联想,数不清,我们就不再加复数了。Water这些就是不可数名词,这里如果我要想表达一滴水,有同学说老师你看一两滴水,这个就叫量词,用来测量这些不可数名词的一个量,我们要加上量词,比如说 a drop of water,这就叫一滴水,那两滴水 two drops of water,two drops两滴,那么 water还是water不再加复数。
这里我们要注意不可数名词是需要加量词的。a drop of water,two drops of water。同样还可以说一杯水。 a cup of water,two cups of water。可数名词不可数名词的含义用法我都说完了。再来我们可以做一个和中文的比较。大家想中文的名词有可数不可数名词吗?如果没有的话,中文名词更加像可数名词,还是更加像音乐当中的不可数名词的?可以给大家一点时间来思考。
时间到了,我告诉大家正确答案,中文当中的名词更加像英语当中的不可数名词,为什么?因为我们的名词并没有复数形式,苹果在哪都叫苹果,不会叫说叫做一个苹果两个苹果4。
再接下来我们中文当中所有的名词都可以跟量词非常有特点,比如说苹果我们叫一个苹果,水可以叫一滴水,裤子我们可以叫一条裤子,车我们可以叫一辆车,所有的这些都有量词,当外国人理解中文的时候就会有问题,尤其是英美国家的人,他们会觉得一滴水好办,这个滴就是drop,对吧?他们也会觉得一杯水 a cup of water,杯好办,但是他们碰到一本书就不好办了。因为他们从来就觉得one book, two books为什么要叫一本书两本书,这个本它就不能够理解,这就是外国人学中文的时候也会遇上一些麻烦。