下面是小编为大家整理的understanding可数吗（共含7篇），欢迎阅读与收藏。同时，但愿您也能像本文投稿人“hkdz755”一样，积极向本站投稿分享好文章。
There was complete understanding between Wilson and myself.
威尔逊和我彼此完全理解与信任。
We must tackle the problem with sympathy and understanding.
我们必须带着同情和谅解来处理这个问题。
The committee has little or no understanding of the problem.
委员会对这个问题了解不多或根本不了解。
I think understanding is very important for us. One day, when I was playing on the playground, suddenly a tall boy knocked me down. He hurried to get his basketball back.
我认为理解对我们很重要。有一天，我正在操场玩，突然一个大个子男孩把我撞到，他是急着去取回篮球。
Though I felt painful, I didn't say anything bad to him. He said sorry again and again to me, and helped me up. From then on, we got to know each other, and became good friends.
尽管我觉得很疼痛，我并没有向他说什么不好听的话。他一次次地向我道歉，并帮我站起来。从那以后我们逐渐互相了解，成了好朋友。
Understanding is a bridge between each other. With understanding, the world will become warmer and warmer.
理解是人与人之间的桥梁。有了理解，这个世界会变得越来越温暖。
词义解析：
1.understanding：理解
2.important：重要的
3.suddenly：突然地
4.knock：敲
5.hurry：匆忙
6.though：尽管
7.painful：痛苦的
8.bridge：桥梁
The Understanding and Translation of Animal Analogies In the English and Chinese Languages
The English and Chinese peoples are two ancient natires on the earth.They have rich and various cul-tural heritage. Analogies and idioms in connection with animals is among them.Sometimes,the same animal anal-ogy contains similar association.However,due to different manners and customs,different religion and geogra-phy,and different aesthetic standards in the two natives,even the same animal analogy has different association in the English and Chinese languages.This paper,starting from association,aims to discuss and understand the connotative meanings of the animal analogies in the English and Chinese languages through examples of 12common animals.The author tries to find out the similarities and differences.
作 者：郭群英 作者单位：湖南长沙中南大学附属铁道中学英语组,湖南,长沙,410004 刊 名：读与写（教育教学刊） 英文刊名：READ AND WRITE PERIODICAL 年，卷(期)： 5(2) 分类号：H315.9 关键词：animal analogy association connotative meaning translationby Tiina Matikainen and Carolyn B. Duffy
Being aware of the differences that exist between cultures and knowing how to act when we are faced with puzzling cross-cultural situations are important skills for harmonious intercultural relations.
Cross-cultural research shows that we can examine all cultures by using a basic taxonomy of cultural behaviors which allows us to see the differences and similarities among cultures.
This article provides students with knowledge and activities to enhance their awareness of cultural patterns among the different cultures of the world.
In the following lesson students will learn about basic attitudes different cultures have toward three cultural value dimensions: the role of the individual in a society, power distance, and time orientation. Students will then apply this knowledge in activities that require them to decide how to act in cross-cultural situations based on the information they have learned about that cultures values.
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Our recentadvisorydescribes an ASP.NET vulnerability which was recently publicly disclosed. This blog post will give you more information about the vulnerability and the workaround. It will also provide a script. which will help you detect ASP.NET applications on your server that are in a vulnerable configuration.
The Impact of the Vulnerability
ASP.Net uses encryption to hide sensitive data and protect it from tampering by the client. However, a vulnerability in the ASP.Net encryption implementation can allow an attacker to decrypt and tamper with this data.
But what can the attacker do with this capability? Part of the answer depends on the ASP.Net application being attacked. For example, if the ASP.Net application stores sensitive information, such as passwords or database connection strings, in the ViewState object this data could be compromised. The ViewState object is encrypted and sent to the client in a hidden form. variable, so it is a possible target of this attack.
If the ASP.Net application is using ASP.Net 3.5 SP1 or above, the attacker could use this encryption vulnerability to request the contents of an arbitrary file within the ASP.Net application. The public disclosure demonstrated using this technique to retrieve the contents of web.config. Any file in the ASP.Net application which the worker process has access to will be returned to the attacker.
How the Vulnerability Works
To understand how this vulnerability works, you need to know about cryptographic oracles. An oracle in the context of cryptography is a system which provides hints as you ask it questions. In this case, there is a vulnerability in ASP.Net which acts as a padding oracle. This allows an attacker to send chosen cipher text to the server and learn if it was decrypted properly by examining which error code was returned by the server.
By making many requests the attacker can learn enough to successfully decrypt the rest of the cipher text. The attacker can then alter the plain text and re-encrypt it as well.
The Workaround - Silencing the Oracle
The workaround for this vulnerability is to use the customErrors feature of ASP.NET to configure applications to return the same error page regardless of the error encountered on the server.
By following the steps in theadvisoryto map all error messages to a single error page, you make it difficult for the attacker to distinguish between the different types of errors, effectively limiting access to the oracle.
How to Detect Vulnerable ASP.Net Applications
Some ASP.Net applications may already be configured to return the same error page for all server errors. To detect ASP.Net applications that are not configured this way and need to have the workaround applied to them, use the following script.:
'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' DetectCustomErrorsDisabled.vbs Script' Version 3.1' ' This script. will help detect vulnerable configuration for the Padding Oracle ' ASP.Net vulnerability documented in MS advisory 2416728.' ' www.microsoft.com/technet/security/advisory/2416728.mspx' ' Usage: 'cscript. DetectCustomErrorsDisabled.vbs [RemoteServerName] '' NOTE: THIS SCRIPT. USES THE FILESYSTEM AND SHELL OBJECT AND SHOULD BE' RUN AS AN ADMINISTRATOR'' The script. works by enumerating all web.config and assessing if the ' side-channel leak for the padding oracle vulnerability is mitigated by the ' use of homogenizing custom error responses from ASP.Net applications. ' ' Note: On IIS 7 servers, this script. requires IIS6 compatibility mode to be' installed.' ' More information on: blogs.technet.com/b/srd/archive//09/17
/understanding-the-asp-net-vulnerability.aspx' ' Version History:' 1.0 - Initial version' 2.0 - Added additional checks for app/site root config' 3.0 - Added error validation for XML parsing and path checks' 3.1 - Added check for missing root web.config' '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''OPTION EXPLICITON ERROR RESUME NEXTDIM strServerDIM objWebService, objWebServer, objDir, objFileSysDIM physicalPath, dir, xmlDoc, nodeList, node, retDIM configFile, configFilePath, configLineDIM childNodes, ErrPage500, ErrPage404, errFoundDIM index, errCountstrServer = “localhost”' Parse command line input'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''IF WScript.Arguments.Length=1 THEN strServer = WScript.Arguments( 0 )END IFIF WScript.Arguments.Length>1 THEN WScript.Echo “Illegal number of arguments” WScript.Echo “Usage: cscript.exe DetectCustomErrorsDisabled.vbs
[RemoteServerName]” WScript.Quit( 1 )END IF' Initializations'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''SET bjFileSys = CreateObject(“Scripting.FileSystemObject”)SET bjWebService = GetObject( “IIS://” & strServer & “/W3SVC” )IF Err 0 THEN WScript.Echo “Could not find IIS ADSI object.
Make sure you have IIS and IIS6 management compatibility installed.” WScript.Quit (1)END IFSET xmlDoc = CreateObject(“Microsoft.XMLDOM”)IF IsNull(objFileSys) THEN WScript.Echo “Failed to create FileSystemObject. Please run script. as Admin.” WScript.Quit (1)END IFIF IsNull(objWebService) THEN WScript.Echo “Failed to connect to IIS ADSI provider. Make sure you have IIS6 ”_ + “management compatibility role service installed.” WScript.Quit (1)END IFWScript.Echo(“Enumerating possible paths with ASP.Net configuration that have” _ +“ custom errors turned off.”) WScript.Echo (“”) ' Search web server for unsafe configuration'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''FindASPNetConfig(objWebService)' Search all paths on web server for possible web.config files.'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''SUB FindASPNetConfig(WebService) FOR EACH objWebServer IN WebService IF objWebserver.Class = “IIsWebServer” THENEnumDirectories(objWebServer) END IF NEXT END SUB' Recursively go through vdirs and webdirs'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''SUB EnumDirectories(objDir) DIM objSubDir ' The first call to this is from IIsWebServer, so we can skip that FOR EACH objSubDir IN objDir IF (objSubDir.Class = “IIsWebVirtualDir”) THENGetPhysicalPaths(objSubDir)EnumDirectories(objSubDir)END IF NEXT END SUB' Get physical paths for web and virtual directories'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''SUB GetPhysicalPaths(objDir) physicalPath = objDir.Path CALL EnumWebConfig(physicalPath,1)END SUB' Recursively search for web.config files.'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''SUB EnumWebConfig(Path,IsRoot) IF NOT objFileSys.FolderExists(Path) THEN IF IsRoot THEN' WScript.Echo Path & “: Site's disk path is incorrect
and root web.config does not exist”WScript.Echo Path & “: ** Vulnerable configuration found **” END IF EXIT SUB END IF configFilePath = Path & “web.config” IF objFileSys.FileExists(configFilePath) THEN CALL ProcessWebConfig(configFilePath,IsRoot) ELSEIF IsRoot = 1 THEN ' WScript.Echo Path & “: Site or app root web.config does not exist” WScript.Echo Path & “: ** Vulnerable configuration found **” END IF FOR EACH dir IN objFileSys.GetFolder(Path).SubFolders CALL EnumWebConfig(dir.Path,0) NEXTEND SUB' Skip known identities that will have Write access by default'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''SUB ProcessWebConfig(Path,IsRoot) xmlDoc.async=“false” xmlDoc.load(Path) errFound = 0 SET nodeList = xmlDoc.getElementsByTagName(“customErrors”) IF IsRoot = 1 AND nodeList.length = 0 THEN ' Root web.config does not set defaultRedirect, so this config should ' have a customErrors section present with customErrors turned on and a ' defaultRedirect present. Else this is a vulnerable configuration. ' WScript.Echo path & “: Root web.config must have customErrors
with defaultRedirect defined” errFound = errFound + 1 ELSEIF IsRoot = 1 THEN ret = CheckRootCustomErrorsSection(nodeList, Path) errFound = errFound + ret END IF DIM count FOR count=0 TO nodeList.length-1 ret = CheckCustomErrorsDisabled(nodeList.Item(count), Path) errFound = errFound + ret ret = CheckCustomErrorsAreHomogenous(nodeList.Item(count), Path) errFound = errFound + ret NEXT IF errFound > 0 THEN WScript.Echo Path & “: ** Vulnerable configuration found **” ELSE WScript.Echo Path & “: ok” END IFEND SUBFUNCTION CheckRootCustomErrorsSection(xmlnodelist, path) errCount = 0 FOR index=0 TO xmlnodeList.length-1 ret = CheckRootCustomErrorsDisabled(nodeList.Item(index), Path) errCount = errCount + ret NEXT CheckRootCustomErrorsSection = errCountEND FUNCTIONFUNCTION CheckRootCustomErrorsDisabled(xmlnode, path) IF StrComp (LCase(xmlnode.getAttribute(“mode”)), “off”) = 0 THEN ' WScript.Echo path & “: Custom Error disabled: ” & xmlnode.xml CheckRootCustomErrorsDisabled = 1 EXIT FUNCTION ELSEIF IsNull(xmlnode.getAttribute(“defaultRedirect”)) THEN ' WScript.Echo path & “: defaultRedirect not set: ” & xmlnode.xml CheckRootCustomErrorsDisabled = 1 EXIT FUNCTION ELSE CheckRootCustomErrorsDisabled = 0 END IF END FUNCTIONFUNCTION CheckCustomErrorsDisabled(xmlnode, path) IF StrComp (LCase(xmlnode.getAttribute(“mode”)), “off”) = 0 THEN ' Unsafe config ' WScript.Echo path & “: Custom Error disabled: ” & xmlnode.xml CheckCustomErrorsDisabled = 1 ELSE CheckCustomErrorsDisabled = 0 END IF END FUNCTIONFUNCTION CheckCustomErrorsAreHomogenous(xmlnode, path) IF xmlnode.childNodes.length=0 AND len(xmlNode.getAttribute
(“defaultRedirect”))>0 THEN CheckCustomErrorsAreHomogenous = 0 EXIT FUNCTION END IF SET childNodes = xmlnode.childNodes ErrPage404 = “” ErrPage500 = “” DIM count FOR count=0 TO childNodes.length-1 CALL GetErrorPage(childNodes.Item(count)) NEXT IF StrComp(ErrPage404,“”) = 0 AND StrComp(ErrPage500,“”) = 0 AND IsNull
(xmlNode.getAttribute(“defaultRedirect”)) THEN ' Missing defaultRedirect in this case will cause config to be vulnerable 'WScript.Echo path & “: missing defaulRedirect URL: ” & xmlnode.xml CheckCustomErrorsAreHomogenous = 1 EXIT FUNCTION ELSEIF StrComp(ErrPage404,“”) = 0 AND StrComp(ErrPage500,“”) 0 AND StrComp
(ErrPage500, xmlNode.getAttribute(“defaultRedirect”)) 0 THEN 'WScript.Echo path & “: 500 and default error pages differ: ” & xmlnode.xml CheckCustomErrorsAreHomogenous = 1 EXIT FUNCTION ELSEIF StrComp(ErrPage500,“”) = 0 AND StrComp(ErrPage404,“”)
0 AND StrComp(ErrPage404, xmlNode.getAttribute(“defaultRedirect”)) 0 THEN 'WScript.Echo path & “: 404 and default error pages differ: ” & xmlnode.xml CheckCustomErrorsAreHomogenous = 1 EXIT FUNCTION ELSEIF StrComp(ErrPage404, ErrPage500) 0 THEN 'WScript.Echo path & “: 404 and 500 error pages differ: ” & xmlnode.xml CheckCustomErrorsAreHomogenous = 1 EXIT FUNCTION ELSE CheckCustomErrorsAreHomogenous = 0 END IFEND FUNCTIONSUB GetErrorPage(xmlnode) IF xmlnode.nodeType 1 THEN EXIT SUB ELSEIF IsNull(xmlnode.getAttribute(“statusCode”)) THEN 'Do nothing. ELSEIF StrComp(xmlnode.getAttribute(“statusCode”), “500”) = 0 THEN ErrPage500 = xmlnode.getAttribute(“redirect”) ELSEIF StrComp(xmlnode.getAttribute(“statusCode”), “404”) = 0 THEN ErrPage404 = xmlnode.getAttribute(“redirect”) END IFEND SUB
Acknowledgements
Many thanks to Levi Broderick, Nazim Lala, and Stefan Schackow for their contributions to this post.
-Kevin Brown, MSRC Engineering
Updated September 18, 2010
Made several improvements to the included script. to catch additional corner cases and provide additional error handling. Clarified that an attacker can only retrieve files from within the ASP.Net application.
Updated September 21, 2010
Updated the script. to add a check for missing root web.config files, and attached a zip of the script. to the post so it can be downloaded directly.
Attachment:DetectCustomErrorsDisabled.zip
Understanding Stream of Consciousness in To the Lighthouse
The paper aims to make the abstract and even profound writing techniques of stream-of-consciousness concrete and easy-under-standing as well as to demonstrate its functions in novel writing with illustration of the famous work To the Lighthouse by Virginia Woolf who Success-fully employs this writing technique.The writing techniques involved are indirect interior monologue montage.free association and multiple-point-of view.The application of these approaches attributes greatly to better exposing the inner world of the characters and uncovering the motif of the novel.
作 者：李芬芬 作者单位：浙江台州广播电视大学 刊 名：中国校外教育（理论） 英文刊名：CHINA AFTER SCHOOL EDUCATION 年，卷(期)： “”(2) 分类号： 关键词：stream of consciousness To the Lighthouse interior monologue free association montage multiple-point-of-viewDeveloping Cultural Understanding
by Tiina Matikainen and Carolyn B. Duffy
Being aware of the differences that exist between cultures and knowing how to act when we are faced with puzzling cross-cultural situations are important skills for harmonious intercultural relations.
Cross-cultural research shows that we can examine all cultures by using a basic taxonomy of cultural behaviors which allows us to see the differences and similarities among cultures.
This article provides students with knowledge and activities to enhance their awareness of cultural patterns among the different cultures of the world.
In the following lesson students will learn about basic attitudes different cultures have toward three cultural value dimensions: the role of the individual in a society, power distance, and time orientation. Students will then apply this knowledge in activities that require them to decide how to act in cross-cultural situations based on the information they have learned about that cultures values.
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★ 面包可数吗
★ rain可数吗
