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高一第一单元Good friends要点综述
加入日期：-3-2 点击次数： 130
Unit 1 Good Friends
I.Teaching aims and demands
1.topic: 1>talk about friends and friendship
2>discuss problems occuring in a friendship and suggest solutions
3>write an e-mail to find an e-pal
2.function: 1>likes and dislikes
2>making apologies
3.vocabulary: honest;brave;loyal;wise;hansome;smart;argue;classical;
fond;match;mirror;fry;gun;hammer;saw;rope;movie;cast;
deserted;hunt;share;sorrow;feeling;airplane;lie(n.);
speech;adventure;notebook;error
be fond of;hunt for;in order to;care about;such as;drop ab a line
4.grammar: direct and indirect speech
1>statements
2>questions
II.Key points
1.listening and speaking
1>Learn to make apologies.
make apologies
[用法]道歉
[注意]因某事向某人道歉 make an apology(or apologies) to sb for sth
[联想]apologize vi. 道歉;认错,赔不是(+to/for)
[举例]I owe you an apology for my rudeness last night.
昨天晚上我太粗暴,应该向你道歉。
He apologized to her for not going to her party.
他因为没有出席她举行的宴会而向她表示歉意。
2>What qualities should a good friend have?
quality
[用法]n.1. 质量[U] 2. 特性[C] 3. 品质
[举例]Quality often matters more than quantity.
质量往往比数量更重要。
3>What are they arguing about?
argue
[用法]vi.1. 争论,辩论;争吵(+with/over/about) 2. 提出理由(+for/against)
vt.1. 辩论;议论 2. 主张,认为[+that]
[举例]I m not going to argue with you tonight.
我今晚不想与你争辩。
He argued against the plan.
他据理反对这个计划。
4>I don t enjoy singsing,nor do I like computers.
nor
[用法]conj. 1. (用在neither之后)也不 2. (用在not,no,never之后)也不 3. (用在句首,句子须倒装)也不
[举例]I have never spoken nor written to her.
我跟她从来没说过话,也没写过信。
You do not like him, nor do I.
你不喜欢他,我也不喜欢。
5>I hate hiking and I m not into classical music.
be into
[用法]【口】对...(极)有兴趣,热衷于,入迷
[举例]She s really into pop music.
她很迷流行音乐。
He is very deep into computers.
他对电脑兴趣很浓。
6>I m fond of singing.
be fond of
[用法]喜欢...;爱好...
[举例]Tom is fond of music.
汤姆喜爱音乐。
She is very fond of ballet.
她很喜欢芭蕾。
7>I surf the Internet all the time.
surf the Internet
[用法]上网(冲浪)
[联想]上网的其他说法:go on the Internet;
8>Rock music is OK,and so is skiing.
so is skiing
[用法](so后用倒装结构)也如此,也一样
[举例]I was tired, and so were the others.
我累了,其他人也一样。
I like dancing; so does my sister.
我喜欢跳舞,我姐姐也喜欢。
[注意](so置于句首,后面不倒装)确是如此,正是那样
2.reading
1>Imagine you are alone on an island.You have to survive without friends..
alone
[用法]a. 单独的,独自的 ad. 单独地
[举例]She watches TV when she is alone.
独自一人时,她便看电视。
For years Mary lived alone in New York.
玛丽孤身一人在纽约生活了好几年。
[联想]lonely
[用法]a.1. 孤独的,孤寂的 2. 偏僻的,人迹罕至的
survive
[用法]vt. 在...之后仍然生存,从...中逃生 vi. 活下来,幸存;
[举例]Only two passengers survived the air-crash.
这次飞机失事只有两名乘客幸免于死。
Few survived after the flood.
洪水后极少有人生还。
2>Tom Hanks plays a man named Chuck Noland
play
[用法]扮演(角色) (此处意同act)
[举例]I am to play Juliet.
我将演朱丽叶。
3>Chuck is a businessman who is always so busy that he has little time for his friends.
so...that...
[用法]如此...以至于...,that在此引导结果状语从句(有时可能省略)
[注意]1.这里的so后接形容词或副词或形容词加冠词加名次,另有固定搭配so few/many/much/little/等.
2.so加形容词或副词置于句首引起倒装
4>He is a successful manager that sends mail all over the world.
successful
[用法]a. 成功的
[联想]相关词形succeed/successfully/success
that
[用法]关系代词,引导定语从句,指代先行词(人或物),在从句中做主语或宾语或标语
[注意]定语从句将在后面的单元正式学习,相关句型在近几个单元里会多次出现,请留意.
5>Chuck is survive the crash and lands on a deserted island.
crash
[用法]vi.1. (发出猛烈声音地)碰撞,坠落 2. (飞机等)坠毁,撞坏 3.【电脑】死机
n.[C] 相撞(事故);(飞机的)坠毁,迫降
[举例]The motorcycle crashed into the fence.
摩托车猛地撞在围栏上。
An airliner crashed west of Denver last night.
昨夜一架客机在丹佛西边坠毁。
desert
[用法]n. 沙漠;荒野
a.1. 沙漠的 2. 荒芜的;无人居住的
vt. 抛弃;遗弃;离弃
[举例]All his friends have deserted him!
他所有的朋友都抛弃了他!
Nobody likes to live in that desert region.
没有人喜欢生活在那个沙漠地区。
6>He has to learn to collect water,hunt for food,and make fire.
hunt
[用法]vt.1. 追猎,猎取 2.搜索;寻找 3. 追捕
vi.1. 打猎 2. 搜寻(+for/after)
[举例]November is a good time to hunt deer.
十一月正是猎鹿的好时节。
I m hunting a job.
我在找工作。
7>In order to survive ,Chuck develops a friendship with an unusual friend.
in order to
[用法]为了...
[举例]We started early in order to arrive before dark.
为了在天黑前到达,我们很早就动身了
[联想]1.so as to...,和in order to...同义,但前者一般不用于句首
2.否定式在to前加not
3.相应的目的状语从句由so that...或in order that...引导.
8>He talks to him and treats him as a friend.
treat
[用法](此处)vt. 对待;看待,把...看作[O][(+as/like)]
[举例]Do not treat this serious matter as a joke.
不要把这件严肃的事情当作笑料。
She treated me all right.
她对我还不错。
9>Chucks learns that we need friends to share happiness and sorrow,and it is important to have someone to care about.
share
[用法]vt.1. 均分;分配(+out/among/between) 2. 分享;分担;共同使用(+with/among/between)
vi.分享;分担[(+in)]
[举例]He shared with his friends in distress.
他和朋友共患难。
We shared in his joy.
我们分享了他的喜悦。
care about
[用法]关心;担心;在乎,介意
[联想]care for,除具有care about的意思外还可表示“对...感兴趣”,“喜欢”之意.
[说明]对这两个短语,很多词典解释不一,界限比较模糊.
10>When he makes friends with Wilson,he understands that friendship is about feelings.
makes friends with
[用法]和...交朋友
[联想]make enemies with 与...为敌
11>Most of our friends are human beings.
human
[用法]a.1. 人的;人类的 n. 人[pl.humans]; human being 人;人类
[举例]This meat is not fit for human consumption.
这种肉不适合人食用。
It s only human nature to want a comfortable life.
人的本性就是要过舒服的生活。
Wolves will not usually attack humans.
狼通常不会袭击人。
12>The lesson we can learn from Chuck and all the others who have unusual friends is that friends are teachers.
[讲解]本句包含三个从句:
we can learn from Chuck为定语从句,修饰the lesson,关系代词that或which在从句中做宾语,可以省略.
who have unusual friends为定语从句,修饰all the others,关系代词做主语不可省略.
that friends are teachers,此为that引导的表语从句,其构成和大家比较熟悉的宾语从句基本相似.
13>My friend is honest.He never tells lies.
tell lies
[用法]撒谎,为固定搭配
[比较]tell/say/speak/talk,其用法各有侧重,也有各自的一些搭配,学习重要注意区分和积累.
高一第一单元Good friends要点综述
加入日期：2004-3-2 点击次数： 131
3.integrating skills
1>I like to have fun.If you re interested in being friends,drop me a line.
fun
[用法]n.[U]1. 娱乐,乐趣 2. 玩笑,嬉戏 3. 有趣的人(或事物)
[举例]What fun we had!
我们玩得多开心!
His uncle is fond of fun.
他的叔父喜欢开玩笑。
Mr. Smith is great fun.
史密斯先生是一个很有趣的人。
drop me a line
[用法]给某人写短信
[联想]drop in/by
[举例]Would you drop by when you are in town?
I d like to drop in and see you sometime next week.
我想在下周什么时候顺便来看看你。
2>An e-mail is less formal than a letter,but there are still a few things to keep in mind.
keep...in mind
[用法]记住
[举例]Keep in mind that you ll have to practice economy.
记住要厉行节约。
These are the very duties we should keep in mind.
这些责任正是我们要记在心上的.
4.workbook
1>My telepone wasn t working.
work
[用法]vi.1. 工作(+at/on) 2. (机器等)运转,活动 3. 起作用;行得通
[举例]She works in a restaurant.
她在一家饭店工作。
The machine won t work.
机器不转了。
Your suggestion works well.
你的建议很有效。
2>My bike had a flat tire but I had no time to fix it.
flat
[用法]a.1.平的,平坦的 2.(轮胎)泄了气的 ad.平直地,仰卧地
[举例]Of course, no one now believes that the earth is flat.
当然如今无人相信地球是平的。
Our car had a flat tire.
我们那辆汽车有一只轮胎漏了气。
Lie down flat and breathe deeply.
平躺下,作深呼吸。
fix
[用法]vt.1. 使固定;牢记 2. 确定;决定[(+up)][+wh-][+to-v] 3. 修理;整理;
[举例]Her image was fixed in his mind.
她的形象深深印在他的脑海里。
[搭配]fix one s eyes/attention upon...注意力集中在...
3>When I arrived at school,I ran into my friend Jonna.
ran into
[用法]1. 撞到 2. 偶遇
[举例]The bus got out of control and ran into a wall.
公共汽车失去控制,撞上了墙。
I ran into an old girlfriend yesterday. It brought back memories.
昨天我无意中遇见旧时女友,唤起一些昔时的记忆。
4>They told me they were proud of me.
proud
[用法]a.1. 骄傲的,有自尊心的 2. 傲慢的,自负的 3. 自豪的,得意的(+of)/+to-v/+(that)
[举例]He s too proud to speak to poor people like us.
他太骄傲了,从不与我们这样的穷人说话。
5>Sometimes we have to skip classes to keep an eye on the restaurant.
skip
[用法]此处为vt. skip classes意为逃课,逃学
keep an eye on
[用法] 照看;注意
[举例]Would you keep an eye on my baby for a while?
请你照看一下我的婴儿好吗?
6>When Sarah was in the third grade,some of the other students were making fun of her.
make fun of
[用法]取笑某人
[联想]laugh at...,基本同义
7>She helped Sarah overcome her shyness.
overcome
[用法]vt.战胜;克服
[举例]The learner of a second language has many obstacles to overcome.
第二语言学习者有许多障碍要克服。
8>Despite the fact that they have never met each other,Michel and Xiaoli are best friends.
Despite
[用法]prep.不管,尽管;意同in spite of
[举例]He went to work despite his illness.
尽管生病,他还是去工作。
Despite advanced years, she is learning to drive.
尽管年事已高,她还在学开车。
that they have never met each other
[讲解]此为同位语从句,表示fact的内容.模样酷似定语从句,试着比较一下?
9>Xiao Li is also curious about life in France.
curious
[用法]a.1. 好奇的,渴望知道的;(+as to/about)/+to-v/+wh-
2. 奇怪的;稀奇古怪的,难以理解的
[举例]The boy was curious about everything he saw.
那男孩对所见的一切都感到好奇。
I heard a curious noise last night.
昨晚我听见一个奇怪的响声。
10>We go to different schools,but we always get together after school to talk and have fun.
get together
[用法]聚集;聚会
[举例]When can we get together?
我们何时相聚?
高一第二单元English around the world要点综述
加入日期：2004-3-4 点击次数： 228
Unit 2 English around the world
I.Teaching aims and demands
1.Topics
1>.interview the headmaster and other teacher about the school rules
and the ways to learn all the subjects
2>.make a world map of English-speaking countries
3>.collect words different in spelling,pronunciation,or meaning between
British English and American English,to make a list
2.Function: language difficulties in communication
Can you spell that?
Could you repeat that,please?
What do you mean by...?
Could you speak a bit slowly,please?
Sorry,I didn t follow you.
I beg your pardon?
How do you say...in English?
How do you pronounce...?
What does...mean?
Can you say that in a different way?
3.Vocabulary
bathroom;towel;closet;pronounce;broad;repeat;majority;native;total;tongue;
equal;government;situation;international;organization;trade;tourism;global;
communicate;communication;exchange;service;signal;movement;commander;tidy;
stand;independent;fall;expression;typhoon;publish;southern;president;European;
hhowl;cookbook;compare;replace
make oneself at home;in total;except for;stay up;come about;end up with;
bring in;a great many;at the same time
4.Grammar direct and indirect speech:imperative(requests and demands)
II.Key points
1.listening and speaking
1>Write a passage comparing American and British English.
compare
[用法]vt.1. 和...比较,对照(+with/to) 2. 比喻为,把...比作(+to)
[举例]Compared with him, I am a bungler.
与他相比,我只能算是一个笨拙的人。
2>What is it that Joe can t find in the bathroom?
[解析]本句为特殊疑问词开头的强调句型.强调句型的基本构成如下:
It + is(was) + 被强调部分 + that(who) + 句子剩余部分.
[举例]It was in the street that I found the purse.
It is I who should be responsible for the incident.
Why was it that you used to skip classes?
3>Oh,there you are.
there you are
[用法]行了.好了.这是一句表示一种事情告一段落或有了最终结果的用语.
还可以表示“瞧!”“对吧(果然如此)!”等语气.
[举例]There you are!Then let s have some coffee.
好了,那我们来点咖啡吧.
There you are!I knew we should find iot at last.
对吧!我就知道我们一定能找到的.
4>You must be very tired.
[用法]这是一种推测,表示“一准是”,“一定是”
[注意]否定式为can t be
5>We flew all the way direct from Seattle to London.
all the way
[用法]从远道;一路上
[举例]He was so happy that he sang all the way home.
6>You don t need to ask,just make yourself at home.
need
[用法]n. 需要;要求(+of/for)/+to-v
vt. 需要,有...必要
v.aux. (多用于疑问句和否定句)需要,必须
[举例]We have no need to be afraid of them.
我们不必怕他们。
The garden needs watering.
花园该浇水了。(说明:该用法相当于need to be done)
7>Is there anything that isn t clear to you?
[解释]本句中包含定语从句的一种特别情况,即当先行词为不定代词时,关系代词最好使用that.
8>Make up another dialogue for three students and act it out in class.
Make up
[用法]1. 补足 2. 编造 3. 组成
[举例]The whole story is made up.
整个故事完全是虚构出来的。
The medical team was made up of twelve doctors.
医疗队由十二名医生组成。
act ... out
[用法]1. 把...表演出来 2. 把...付诸行动
[举例]We roared when Mary acted out the episode.
当玛丽绘声绘色地描述那件事时,我们哄然大笑起来。
They are determined to act out their ideal.
她们决心把自己的理想变成行动。
9>What do you mean by...?
[解释]本句意为“你说(做)...什么意思?”这里的介词需要注意.
2.reading
1>There are more than 42 countries where the majority of the people speak English.
majority
[用法]n. 多数,过半数,大多数
[举例]The majority were on Ben s side.
大多数人都站在本的一边。
The majority of boys like football and basketball.
2>An equal number of people learn English as a second language.
a number of
[用法] 很多,后接复数名词,谓语动词亦为复数.
[比较]The number of students absent is five.
有五名学生缺席。
3>The number of people who learn English as a foreign language is more than 750 million.
the number of
[用法]后接复数名词,谓语动词为单数
4>In China students learn English at school as a foreign language,except for those in Hong Kong.
except for
[用法]1.除了...以外 2. 要不是由于
[举例]The composition is quite good except for the spelling.
这篇文章除了拼写以外,其他都不错。
I would go to the party with you except for my broken leg.
要不是因为我腿断了,我想与你一起去参加聚会。
[说明]关于except for和except的用法区别,本栏目有详细解答.搜索可得.
5>English has developed into the language most widely spoken and used in the world.
develop
[用法]vt.1. 使成长;使发展 2. 开发 3. 逐渐产生;逐渐养成; 5.使显影,冲洗(底片)
vi.1. 生长;成长;形成 2. 进步;进化 3. 发展
[举例]Swimming develops the muscles.
游泳能使肌肉发达。
The builders are developing that part of the city.
建筑商正在开发这座城市的那个地区。
6>You can use English to communicate with people around the world through the Internet.
communicate
[用法]vt.1. 传达;传递;传播(+to)
vi.1. 交流思想(或感情,信息等);交际,交往(+with) 2. 通讯,通话(+with)
[举例]Did she communicate my wishes to you?
她有没有把我的祝福转告你?
We learn a language in order to communicate.
我们学习语言是为了交流思想。
He had no way to communicate with his brother.
他没有办法与他兄弟联系。
7>With so many people communicating in English every day,it will become more and more important to have a good knowledge of English.
With so many people communicating
[用法]此为with的复合结构,现在分词(宾补)和people之间有逻辑上的主谓关系.
关于with复合结构,论坛有详解,欢迎前往查看.
have a knowledge of
[用法]对...有所了解
8>In which countries do we find most native speakers of English?
native
[用法]a.1. 天生的 2. 出生地的,祖国的,家乡的 3. 本土的,本国的,土生的 4. (某地)特有的,原产的
n.1. 本地人,本国人 2. (某地)原有的动(植)物
[举例]They are native speakers of English.
他们的母语是英语。
He has been away from his native Poland for three years.
他离开故土波兰已有三年了。
9>The young father told his children to stand still.
stand still
[用法]站在那儿一动不动,stand意为处于某种状态,也有人认为这是一种双重谓语结构.
10>Mother told me to not to leave the door open after midnight.
leave...open
[用法]leave意为听任,使处于某种状态
[举例]He left the windows open.
他让窗子开着。
He will never leave a job unfinished.
他干什么事从来没有不干完的.
11>turn down the radio.
turn down
[用法]关小(音量等);拒绝
[举例]You d better turn down the radio,for the baby is sleeping.
His proposal was turned down.
他的提议被拒绝了。
12>Don t stay up too late.
stay up
[用法]熬夜,不去睡觉
[举例]She stayed up reading until midnight.
她看书看到半夜才睡。
高一第二单元English around the world要点综述
加入日期：2004-3-4 点击次数： 229
3.integrating skills
1>How did the difference come about?
come about
[用法]发生
[举例]How did this come about?
这事是怎么发生的?
2>There is no quick answer to the question.
[注意]问题的答案,介词常用to
3>In 1776 America became an independent country.
independent
[用法]a.1. 独立的,自治的,自主的(+of) 2. 有独立心的;自立的(+of)
[举例]Many colonies in Africa became independent nations in the 1950 s.
非洲许多殖民地在二十世纪五十年代成了独立国家。
My elder sisters and brothers have moved away from home and are now independent.
我的哥哥姐姐已从家里搬了出去,现在都自立了。
4>For a long time the language in America stayed the same.
stay the same
[用法]stay意为“继续,保持”,连系动词
[举例]I hope the weather will stay fine.
我希望天气能持续放晴。
5>British and American English started borrowing words from other language,ending up with fifferent words.
end up with
[用法]以...为结局;结果会...
[举例]It is not right to laugh at the disabled.Maybe some day you will end up with disabilities.
嘲笑残疾人是不对的.也许有一天你也会成为有残疾的人.
6>Except for these difference in spelling,written English is more or less the same.
more or less
[用法]或多或少,有点儿;大约
[举例]His explanation was more or less helpful.
他的解释多少有些帮助。
7>However,most of the time people from the tow countries don t have difficulty in understaning each other.
have difficulty in understaning
[用法]做什么有困难,difficulty可用trouble替代,这里均用作不可数名词
[举例]I had no difficulty in getting in touch with him.
我和他取得联系没有什么困难。
8>American English has changed over the centuries.
over
[用法]在...期间
[举例]My grandchildren will stay over Christmas.
我的孙儿孙女们圣诞节期间将呆在这儿。
9>They started to use English,but they also brought in some words from their own language.
bring in
[用法]产生(利润、进息、收入);进口;引进
[举例]In America,pop singers may bring in millions of dollars each year.
在美国,流行歌手每年可以有数百万的收入.
When we bring in new technology,we also bring in new ideas.
我们在引进新技术的同时,同样引入了新的观念.
4>workbook
1>Hi,long time no see.
[用法]好久不见了.口语用法.
2>It s been nice talking to you.Bye.
[用法]also It s nice talking to you or It s nice to talk to you
[注意]前者多见于分手时使用.后者见面也可以使用.
3>She tole him to shut up.
shut up
[用法]】(使)住口
[举例]Will you children shut up?! I can t concentrate on my work.
孩子们可以请你们闭嘴吗?我没法子专心工作。
Can t you shut your friend up?
你不能叫你朋友闭嘴吗?
4>He told me to move my chair a little bit closer to his bed.
a little bit
[用法]有点;有几分
[举例]You d better speak a little bit slowlier so that you can make yourself understood.
你最好说慢点,这样别人可以听懂你的意思.
你的建议很有效。
5>He has married a Chinese girl.
marry
[用法]vt. 娶;嫁,和...结婚 vi. 结婚
[举例]He is going to marry Jane.
他将与简结婚。
[注意]和某人结婚多长时间了,即表示状态要用be married (to)
6>I wish we could see each other more often,but that s too difficult.
wish
[用法]wish后面的从句应使用虚拟语气,其构成取决于时间
[举例]I wish (that) I had never met her.
我要是没遇见过她就好了。(对过去而言)
7>Not only did Xiaohua learn a lot of English from her Canadian teacher,she also became very interested in Canadian.
not only...but also...
[用法]not only...but also...在连接句子时,not only后面的句子要使用倒装结构.
另外,but also有时仅用but或also或but...too或but...also或but...as well
8>I try to read as many books as I can find about Canadian.
as many as
[用法]和...一样多(复数相关)
[举例]You may take as many as you want.
你要多少就可拿多少。
9>Write a letter in the name of Wang Ning to Mr Smith,who works for the newspaper 21st Century.
in the name of
[用法] 以...的名义
[举例]Stop doing that, in the name of God!
看在上帝的分上,别干了!
高一第二单元English around the world要点综述
加入日期：2004-3-4 点击次数： 229
Unit 2 English around the world
I.Teaching aims and demands
1.Topics
1>.interview the headmaster and other teacher about the school rules
and the ways to learn all the subjects
2>.make a world map of English-speaking countries
3>.collect words different in spelling,pronunciation,or meaning between
British English and American English,to make a list
2.Function: language difficulties in communication
Can you spell that?
Could you repeat that,please?
What do you mean by...?
Could you speak a bit slowly,please?
Sorry,I didn t follow you.
I beg your pardon?
How do you say...in English?
How do you pronounce...?
What does...mean?
Can you say that in a different way?
3.Vocabulary
bathroom;towel;closet;pronounce;broad;repeat;majority;native;total;tongue;
equal;government;situation;international;organization;trade;tourism;global;
communicate;communication;exchange;service;signal;movement;commander;tidy;
stand;independent;fall;expression;typhoon;publish;southern;president;European;
hhowl;cookbook;compare;replace
make oneself at home;in total;except for;stay up;come about;end up with;
bring in;a great many;at the same time
4.Grammar direct and indirect speech:imperative(requests and demands)
II.Key points
1.listening and speaking
1>Write a passage comparing American and British English.
compare
[用法]vt.1. 和...比较,对照(+with/to) 2. 比喻为,把...比作(+to)
[举例]Compared with him, I am a bungler.
与他相比,我只能算是一个笨拙的人。
2>What is it that Joe can t find in the bathroom?
[解析]本句为特殊疑问词开头的强调句型.强调句型的基本构成如下:
It + is(was) + 被强调部分 + that(who) + 句子剩余部分.
[举例]It was in the street that I found the purse.
It is I who should be responsible for the incident.
Why was it that you used to skip classes?
3>Oh,there you are.
there you are
[用法]行了.好了.这是一句表示一种事情告一段落或有了最终结果的用语.
还可以表示“瞧!”“对吧(果然如此)!”等语气.
[举例]There you are!Then let s have some coffee.
好了,那我们来点咖啡吧.
There you are!I knew we should find iot at last.
对吧!我就知道我们一定能找到的.
4>You must be very tired.
[用法]这是一种推测,表示“一准是”,“一定是”
[注意]否定式为can t be
5>We flew all the way direct from Seattle to London.
all the way
[用法]从远道;一路上
[举例]He was so happy that he sang all the way home.
6>You don t need to ask,just make yourself at home.
need
[用法]n. 需要;要求(+of/for)/+to-v
vt. 需要,有...必要
v.aux. (多用于疑问句和否定句)需要,必须
[举例]We have no need to be afraid of them.
我们不必怕他们。
The garden needs watering.
花园该浇水了。(说明:该用法相当于need to be done)
7>Is there anything that isn t clear to you?
[解释]本句中包含定语从句的一种特别情况,即当先行词为不定代词时,关系代词最好使用that.
8>Make up another dialogue for three students and act it out in class.
Make up
[用法]1. 补足 2. 编造 3. 组成
[举例]The whole story is made up.
整个故事完全是虚构出来的。
The medical team was made up of twelve doctors.
医疗队由十二名医生组成。
act ... out
[用法]1. 把...表演出来 2. 把...付诸行动
[举例]We roared when Mary acted out the episode.
当玛丽绘声绘色地描述那件事时,我们哄然大笑起来。
They are determined to act out their ideal.
她们决心把自己的理想变成行动。
9>What do you mean by...?
[解释]本句意为“你说(做)...什么意思?”这里的介词需要注意.
2.reading
1>There are more than 42 countries where the majority of the people speak English.
majority
[用法]n. 多数,过半数,大多数
[举例]The majority were on Ben s side.
大多数人都站在本的一边。
The majority of boys like football and basketball.
2>An equal number of people learn English as a second language.
a number of
[用法] 很多,后接复数名词,谓语动词亦为复数.
[比较]The number of students absent is five.
有五名学生缺席。
3>The number of people who learn English as a foreign language is more than 750 million.
the number of
[用法]后接复数名词,谓语动词为单数
4>In China students learn English at school as a foreign language,except for those in Hong Kong.
except for
[用法]1.除了...以外 2. 要不是由于
[举例]The composition is quite good except for the spelling.
这篇文章除了拼写以外,其他都不错。
I would go to the party with you except for my broken leg.
要不是因为我腿断了,我想与你一起去参加聚会。
[说明]关于except for和except的用法区别,本栏目有详细解答.搜索可得.
5>English has developed into the language most widely spoken and used in the world.
develop
[用法]vt.1. 使成长;使发展 2. 开发 3. 逐渐产生;逐渐养成; 5.使显影,冲洗(底片)
vi.1. 生长;成长;形成 2. 进步;进化 3. 发展
[举例]Swimming develops the muscles.
游泳能使肌肉发达。
The builders are developing that part of the city.
建筑商正在开发这座城市的那个地区。
6>You can use English to communicate with people around the world through the Internet.
communicate
[用法]vt.1. 传达;传递;传播(+to)
vi.1. 交流思想(或感情,信息等);交际,交往(+with) 2. 通讯,通话(+with)
[举例]Did she communicate my wishes to you?
她有没有把我的祝福转告你?
We learn a language in order to communicate.
我们学习语言是为了交流思想。
He had no way to communicate with his brother.
他没有办法与他兄弟联系。
7>With so many people communicating in English every day,it will become more and more important to have a good knowledge of English.
With so many people communicating
[用法]此为with的复合结构,现在分词(宾补)和people之间有逻辑上的主谓关系.
关于with复合结构,论坛有详解,欢迎前往查看.
have a knowledge of
[用法]对...有所了解
8>In which countries do we find most native speakers of English?
native
[用法]a.1. 天生的 2. 出生地的,祖国的,家乡的 3. 本土的,本国的,土生的 4. (某地)特有的,原产的
n.1. 本地人,本国人 2. (某地)原有的动(植)物
[举例]They are native speakers of English.
他们的母语是英语。
He has been away from his native Poland for three years.
他离开故土波兰已有三年了。
9>The young father told his children to stand still.
stand still
[用法]站在那儿一动不动,stand意为处于某种状态,也有人认为这是一种双重谓语结构.
10>Mother told me to not to leave the door open after midnight.
leave...open
[用法]leave意为听任,使处于某种状态
[举例]He left the windows open.
他让窗子开着。
He will never leave a job unfinished.
他干什么事从来没有不干完的.
11>turn down the radio.
turn down
[用法]关小(音量等);拒绝
[举例]You d better turn down the radio,for the baby is sleeping.
His proposal was turned down.
他的提议被拒绝了。
12>Don t stay up too late.
stay up
[用法]熬夜,不去睡觉
[举例]She stayed up reading until midnight.
她看书看到半夜才睡。
高一第二单元English around the world要点综述
加入日期：2004-3-4 点击次数： 230
3.integrating skills
1>How did the difference come about?
come about
[用法]发生
[举例]How did this come about?
这事是怎么发生的?
2>There is no quick answer to the question.
[注意]问题的答案,介词常用to
3>In 1776 America became an independent country.
independent
[用法]a.1. 独立的,自治的,自主的(+of) 2. 有独立心的;自立的(+of)
[举例]Many colonies in Africa became independent nations in the 1950 s.
非洲许多殖民地在二十世纪五十年代成了独立国家。
My elder sisters and brothers have moved away from home and are now independent.
我的哥哥姐姐已从家里搬了出去,现在都自立了。
4>For a long time the language in America stayed the same.
stay the same
[用法]stay意为“继续,保持”,连系动词
[举例]I hope the weather will stay fine.
我希望天气能持续放晴。
5>British and American English started borrowing words from other language,ending up with fifferent words.
end up with
[用法]以...为结局;结果会...
[举例]It is not right to laugh at the disabled.Maybe some day you will end up with disabilities.
嘲笑残疾人是不对的.也许有一天你也会成为有残疾的人.
6>Except for these difference in spelling,written English is more or less the same.
more or less
[用法]或多或少,有点儿;大约
[举例]His explanation was more or less helpful.
他的解释多少有些帮助。
7>However,most of the time people from the tow countries don t have difficulty in understaning each other.
have difficulty in understaning
[用法]做什么有困难,difficulty可用trouble替代,这里均用作不可数名词
[举例]I had no difficulty in getting in touch with him.
我和他取得联系没有什么困难。
8>American English has changed over the centuries.
over
[用法]在...期间
[举例]My grandchildren will stay over Christmas.
我的孙儿孙女们圣诞节期间将呆在这儿。
9>They started to use English,but they also brought in some words from their own language.
bring in
[用法]产生(利润、进息、收入);进口;引进
[举例]In America,pop singers may bring in millions of dollars each year.
在美国,流行歌手每年可以有数百万的收入.
When we bring in new technology,we also bring in new ideas.
我们在引进新技术的同时,同样引入了新的观念.
4>workbook
1>Hi,long time no see.
[用法]好久不见了.口语用法.
2>It s been nice talking to you.Bye.
[用法]also It s nice talking to you or It s nice to talk to you
[注意]前者多见于分手时使用.后者见面也可以使用.
3>She tole him to shut up.
shut up
[用法]】(使)住口
[举例]Will you children shut up?! I can t concentrate on my work.
孩子们可以请你们闭嘴吗?我没法子专心工作。
Can t you shut your friend up?
你不能叫你朋友闭嘴吗?
4>He told me to move my chair a little bit closer to his bed.
a little bit
[用法]有点;有几分
[举例]You d better speak a little bit slowlier so that you can make yourself understood.
你最好说慢点,这样别人可以听懂你的意思.
你的建议很有效。
5>He has married a Chinese girl.
marry
[用法]vt. 娶;嫁,和...结婚 vi. 结婚
[举例]He is going to marry Jane.
他将与简结婚。
[注意]和某人结婚多长时间了,即表示状态要用be married (to)
6>I wish we could see each other more often,but that s too difficult.
wish
[用法]wish后面的从句应使用虚拟语气,其构成取决于时间
[举例]I wish (that) I had never met her.
我要是没遇见过她就好了。(对过去而言)
7>Not only did Xiaohua learn a lot of English from her Canadian teacher,she also became very interested in Canadian.
not only...but also...
[用法]not only...but also...在连接句子时,not only后面的句子要使用倒装结构.
另外,but also有时仅用but或also或but...too或but...also或but...as well
8>I try to read as many books as I can find about Canadian.
as many as
[用法]和...一样多(复数相关)
[举例]You may take as many as you want.
你要多少就可拿多少。
9>Write a letter in the name of Wang Ning to Mr Smith,who works for the newspaper 21st Century.
in the name of
[用法] 以...的名义
[举例]Stop doing that, in the name of God!
看在上帝的分上,别干了!
高一第三单元Going places要点综述
加入日期：2004-3-4 点击次数： 140
Unit 3 Going Places
I.Teaching aims and demands
1.Topics
1>.make a plan for a trip
2>.tips on a trip
3>.design an eco-travel for local tourism
4>.travel on holiday and write postcards or travel notes
2.Function:
1>intensions and plans
Where would you prefer going...? Where are you going off to...?
How would you like to go to...? How are you going to...?
2>wishes
Have a good/nice/pleasant trip!
3.Vocabulary
consider;means;transportation;board;experience;simply;vacation;nature;basic;
equipment;simple;tip;poisonous;paddle;stream;normal;excitement;adventurous;
handle;similarity;particular;poison;separate;combine;task
get away from;watch out;protect ab/sth from;see sb off;on the other hand;
as well as
4.Grammar:present continuous tense
1>describe actions happening now
2>describe actions in the near future
II.Key points
1.listening and speaking
1>What do you have to consider before you decide which means of transportation you will use?
means
[用法]n. 手段,方法;工具(单复数相同)
[举例]It is all a means to an end.
这只是达到目的的一种手段。
Every possible means has been tried,but none proved successful.
所有可能的方法都已经试过了,没有成功的.
2>Listen to the following boarding calls and write down the correct flight number and destination.
board
[用法]n.1. 木板;板 2. 牌子;布告牌;黑板;(棋)盘 3. 膳食;伙食[U]
vt.上(船、车、飞机等)
vi. 搭伙,包饭;膳宿
[举例]We will provide room and board for them.
我们将提供他们的食宿。
The passengers boarded the plane at 9 a.m.
旅客们上午九时登上飞机。
destination
[用法]目的地,终点;目标,目的
[举例]We reached our destination, tired and hungry.
到达目的地时,我们又累又饿。
The destination of her study is medicine.
她打算学医。
2.reading
1>People travel to meet friends,to experience life or simply to get away from cold weather.
experience
[用法]n.1. 经验,体验[U] 2. 经历,阅历[C]
vt.1. 经历;体验
[举例]She had no experience of life at all.
她毫无生活经验。
get away from
[用法]侥幸逃脱;逃离
[举例]Do you think you can get away with it?
你认为你能逃避责罚吗?
How did she get away with cheating?
她是怎么作弊成功的?
2>Instead of spending your vacation on a bus or in a hotel,you may try hiking.
Instead
[用法]ad.1. 作为替代 2. 反而,却
[举例]He is too busy, let me go instead.
他太忙了,让我去吧。
try hiking
[用法]尝试,试行[+v-ing]
[举例]Let s try knocking at the back door.
咱们敲后边的门试试。
2>You will get close to nature and take exercise at the same time.
close
[用法]a.1.近的,接近的(+to) 2. (关系)密切的,亲密的 3. (尤指比赛)势均力敌的
ad.1. 接近,靠近地(+to) 2. 紧密地,紧紧地
[举例]His house is close to the factory.
他家靠近该厂。
She is a close friend of theirs.
她是他们的挚友。
3>The basic equipment for hiking is simple.
equipment
[用法]n.[U]1. 配备,装备 2. 设备;器械;用具
[举例]The complete equipment of the new hospital will take a year.
把这个新医院的设备配齐要化一年时间。
The store sells tents and other camping equipment.
这家商店出售帐篷和其他野营用具。
4>Here are some tips for successful hiking....Watch out for dangers...Wear a hat to protect yourself from the sun.
Watch out
[用法]当心;密切注意(+for)
[举例]Watch out -- There s a car coming.
小心!有车来了。
protect
[用法]vt.1. 保护,防护(+against/from)
[举例]May God protect you from harm.
愿上帝保佑你免受伤害。
Wearing dark glasses can protect your eyes from the sun.
戴墨镜可以保护眼睛不受阳光刺激。
5>Another exciting adventure is rafting.
exciting
[用法]令人兴奋的;令人激动的
[举例]We went to an exciting football game last week.
我们上周看了场激动人心的足球比赛。
That is an exciting book.
那是本有趣的书。
[联想]excite vt./excited a./excitedly adv./excitement n.
adventure
[用法]n.1. 冒险[U] 2. 冒险活动(或经历)[C]
vt.1. 冒险去做;使冒险 vi. 冒险(+to-v)
[举例]He is a man full of adventure.
他是一个充满冒险精神的人。
6>As with hiking,you should always think about your safety.
as with
[用法]正如...一样
7>You need to learn how to handle the raft.
handle
[用法]vt.1. 触,摸;拿;弄;搬动 2. 操作;操纵;指挥;管理 3. 对待,处理 4. 经营,经销
[举例]Do not handle the exhibits.
请勿触摸展品。
He knows how to handle the machine.
他会操作这台机器。
8>How are you getting to the airport?Is anybody seeing you off?
[解释]本单元语法重点是进行时表示将来,还有不少类似例句,请大家注意体会.
高一第三单元Going places要点综述
加入日期：2004-3-4 点击次数： 141
3.integrating skills
1>Eco-travel is a form of travel that combines normal tourism with learning.
eco-
[用法]表示“生态(的)”,“环境(的)”
combine
[用法]vt. 使结合;使联合(+with) vi.
[举例]Some films combine education with recreation.
有些电影把教育与娱乐结合起来。
We are going to combine the three departments soon.
我们很快就要合并这三个部门了。
The two old schools are to combine to form one big new school.
这两所旧学校将合并组成一所新的大学校。
2>Normal travel is often bad for the environment.Eco-travel,on the other hand,is a way to travel responsibily.
be bad for
[注意]对...有害
[举例]Reading in a dim light is bad for the eyes.
在暗淡的光线下看书有损视力。
on the other hand
[用法]另一方面
responsibily
[用法]ad. 负责地;有责任感地
[联想]responsible a.1. 负责任的,承担责任的(+for/to) 2. 认真负责的;可信赖的
[举例]Politicians are responsible to the voters.
政治家应对选民负责。
We should learn to be responsible for the society.
我们应该学会对社会负责。
3>Eco-tourists want to learn about the world so that they can make it better.
so that
[用法]1.为了(表示原因,多带有情态动词);2.结果是(表示结果)
4>Eco-travel is a way to help animals and plants as well as people.
as well as
[用法]1. 不但...而且(强调重点为as well as前的内容) 2. 和...一样;和;也
[注意]这种结构在主语位置时,动词的数取决于前面的词.
5>By staying at hotels,tourists can help the villagers make money.
by doing
[用法]通过做什么
[举例]He used to make a living by selling newspapers.
他以前靠卖报纸为生.
4>workbook
1>Try to get the other student to agree with you.
get..to do
[用法]让...做,四个“使”动词中唯一用to do做补语的,很值得关注.
[举例]I got him to stay for the night.
我说服他留下过夜。
the other student
[用法]the other+单数名词,表示两个当中的另外一个
[比较]the other students 所有其余的同学;another student 另一个同学(总数在三个以上);other students 其余同学(泛指)
agree with
[用法]1. 同意某人(观点,说的话等) 2. 适合;相宜 3. 和...一致(相符)
[比较]agree to 同意计划,建议等;agree on(about) 在...问题上意见一致
[举例]I don t agree with Phil on many things.
我和菲尔在许多事情上意见不一致。
This bill does not agree with your original estimate.
这张帐单与你当初的估计不符。
2>You can also exchange role cards with another pair.
exchange
[用法]vt. 交换;调换;兑换(+for/with)
vi. 交换;兑换;调换职务(或位置)
n. 交换;交流;交易
[举例]I d like to exchange some pounds for dollars.
我想把一些英镑兑换成美金。
3>I want to get up early,but my alarm clock didn t go off.
go off
[用法]1. 响起 2. 变质 3. 入睡 4. 进行
[举例]The alarm went off.
警铃骤然响起。
This milk has gone off.
牛奶变坏了。
4>Swimming with dolphins changed the way I think about myself.
I think about myself
[用法]此为定语从句.当way为先行词并在从句中做状语时,关系词可以用in which或that或省略
[举例]I did not like the way he talked to me.
我不喜欢他跟我讲话的方式。
5>If a dolphin comes near you,don t reach out and try to touch it.
reach out
[用法]伸出
[举例]The monkey reached out a hand through the bars and took the banana.
猴子从栏杆里伸出手拿走了香蕉。
6>Pay attention to how dolphins use body language to communicate.
pay attention to
[用法]关心;注意
[举例]You should pay attention to your spelling.
你要注意拼写。
[注意]该句的被动态.
7>Add any other ideas that you may come up with.
come up with
[用法]1. 赶上 2. (针对问题等)想出;提供
[举例]We came up with a group of tourists.
我们赶上了一群旅游者。
9>Present your ideas to the class.
present
[用法]vt.1. 赠送,呈献(+to/with) 2. 引起(问题),造成(困难)(+to/with) 3. 提出,提交,呈递(+to)
[举例]They presented him with a bunch of flowers.
他们献给他一束鲜花。
All this presented new safety problems.
所有这些都造成了新的安全问题。
Some 300 papers were presented at the conference.
会上提出了大约三百篇论文。
高一第四单元Unforgettable experiences要点综述
加入日期：2004-3-6 点击次数： 112
Unit 4 Unforgettable Experiences
I.Teaching aims and demands
1.Topics
1>.Talk about unforgettable experiences
2>.Describe people,things and events
3>.Talk about natural disasters
2.Function:
1>describing emotions
Help! Don t worry. Well done. Come on!
I m afraid to... Don t be afraid. You can do it. That s better./Keep trying.
I m afraid. It scares me. It s all right. I ll be OK/all right.
2>describing sequences
First...;next....;then....;finally.
3.Vocabulary
unforgettable;king;host;scare;disaster;finally;rescue;advance;upon;seize;
swallow;drag;struggle;fight;flow;fright;shake;strike;destroy;tower;national;
deadling;fear;opportunity;article;agent;temple;touch;naughty;peanut;note
take place;on fire;pull sb up;get on one s feet;go through;on holiday;travel agency
4.Grammar:the Attributive Clause(1)
1>能够用英语描述人物的特征,行为等---由who/whom/that/whose引导
2>能够用英语描述事物,事件的性质,内容等---由which/that引导
II.Key points
1.listening and speaking
1>Describe people,things,events and people s feelings.
event
[用法]n.1. 事件,大事[C] 2. (比赛)项目[C]
[举例]Winning the scholarship was a great event in the boy s life.
赢得这项奖学金是这个男孩一生中的一件大事。
Which events have you entered for?
你参加了哪些比赛项目?
2>get the chance to host the Olympic Games
host
[解析]n.[C]主人,东道主;旅馆老板;(广播,电视的)节目主持人
vt.1. 作...主人(或东道主),主办,主持 2. 以主人身份招待
[举例]Yesterday we were hosts to a few friends.
昨天我们接待了几位朋友。
We attended a dinner party hosted by the president of the company.
我们出席了公司总裁举办的宴会。.
3>A strong earthquake took place.Hank was caught in the earthquake.
take place
[用法] 发生;举行
[举例]When will the basketball game take place?
篮球赛何时举行?
be caught in
[用法]被困住;被卡住;遭遇
[举例]淋雨 be caught in the rain
4>Look at the pictures and create a dialogue.
create
[用法]vt.1. 创造;创作;设计 2. 引起,产生
[举例]An artist should create beautiful things.
一个艺术家应该创造美丽的东西。
2.reading
1>Flora heard somebody shouting.She saw Jeff running.
[解释]这两句中都含有现在分词做宾语补语,和宾语之间有逻辑上的主谓关系.而且,谓语动词皆为感官动词.
现在分词的出现将越来越多,是高中重点和难点之一,应注意积累和体会.
2>Before she could move,she heard a noise,which grew to a terrible roar.
before
[用法]在...之前;还没来得及数.
[解释]前面有逗号隔开的定语从句为非限制性从句,which可以指某个词或前面整个句子,并起补充说明作用.
that不能做非限制性定语从句关系词.尚有其他情况,请留意观察.
3>Before she could think twice,the water was upon her.
think twice
[用法]重新考虑;三思
[举例]You need to think twice of the matter.
这事你要三思。
4>The next moment the first wave swept her down,swallowing the garden.
sweep
[用法](风等)刮起;(浪等)冲走;席卷(+off/along/away/down)
[举例]The wind swept the leaves away.
风把树叶刮走。
5>Jeff pulled her up.He was standing,holding onto a tree.
pull up
[用法]1. 向上拉;拔 2. (使)停下来
[举例]Don t try to pull up the plant!
别拔那棵植物!
The driver pulled up at the gate.
司机在大门前停下车子。
6>She struggled,but could not get on her feet.
struggle
[用法]vi.1. 奋斗;斗争(+for/against/with)(+to-v) 2. 努力;使劲;挣扎(+for)(+to-v) 3. 竞争;对抗
[举例]They struggled for peace.
他们为和平而战。
The old man has been struggling with illness.
这位老人一直在与病魔斗争。
get on one s feet
[用法] 起立发言;站起来;病后身体复原
7>Jeff and Flora looked into each other s face with a look of fright.
look into
[用法]朝...里面看; 在...里查资料;调查
8>Another wave struck the house,and a strange cracking noise began.
strike
[用法]vt. 打, 撞击, 冲击, 罢工, 打动, 划燃, 敲钟点, 侵袭
vi. 打, 打击, 罢工, 抓, 敲, 搏动, 打动, 穿透
crack
[用法]vt.1. 使爆裂,使破裂 2. 砸开,砰地一声打开;强行进入
vi.1. 发出爆裂声 2. 裂开,爆裂;断裂
n.[C]1. 裂缝,裂痕 2. 爆裂声
9>Trees were cut down by the water,which must have been three metres deep.
must have been
[用法]must加完成式表示对过去发生事情的比较肯定的推测.否定式为can t have done
10>Can you work out what the underlined words refer to?
refer to
[用法]提到;查阅;涉及
[举例]Don t refer to this matter again, please.
请别再提这件事。
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高一第四单元Unforgettable experiences要点综述
加入日期：2004-3-6 点击次数： 113
3.integrating skills
1>During the first week of May I went on a holiday to Sichuan.
go on
[用法]举行;为...而去
[举例]go on strike 举行罢工;go on a picnic 去野餐; go on a trip 去旅行
2>Try to put your sentence in the order in which you want to tell your story.
in which you want to tell your story
[解释]本定语从句是由介词加关系词构成的.有时候,关系词不能在从句中做主语或宾语,又不能直接做状语,那么可以加上适当的介词,
使结构成立,介词的来源可能是和从句动词的某种搭配,也可能是和先行词构成的某种搭配.介词后的关系词一般为which或whom.
4>workbook
1>Many people were killed in their cars,but a few lucky ones were not hurt.
one
[用法]代替上文中的单数名词(带不定冠词)
[举例]I need a pen. Can you lend me one?
我需要笔。你能借我一支吗?
[比较]the one 代替上文中的单数名词(带定冠词)
2>As a result of the movement of these plates,west America has always been a bad place for earthquakes.
as a result of
[用法]由于
[举例]He was late as a result of the snow.
由于大雪他迟到了。
3>The population in and around San Francisco is ten times larger than it was in 1906.
population
[用法]人口
[举例]The population of this country rose by 10 percent.
这个国家的人口增长了百分之十.
Eight percent of the population of the country are farmers.
4>How many people were injured?
injure
[用法]vt. 伤害;损害;毁坏
[举例]I hope I didn t injure her feelings.
我希望我没有伤害她的感情。
His back was injured.
他背部受伤了。
[联想]injury n.1. (对人,动物的)伤害;(对健康的)损害 2. (精神上的)伤害;损人的事
[举例]He escaped from the train wreck without injury.
他在这次火车事故中没有受伤。
Most people protect themselves from injury to their self-esteem.
大多数人保护自己使自尊心不受伤害。
高一第五单元The silver screen要点综述
加入日期：2004-3-6 点击次数： 120
Unit 5 The Silver Screen
I.Teaching aims and demands
1.Topics
1>.Talk about films:famous actors and directors
2>.Make comments and give opinions on film
2.Function:
1>提出看法或作出评价(Giving oipinions and making comments)
I think...
The actors/actress are...
How do you like...?/what do you think of...?
Wahat do you feel about...?
We think highly of...
2>时序(Sequence)
First...,and then...
What did you do next?
Finally...
Later on...
How long have you been working as...?
3.Vocabulary
silver;hero;scene;law;career;drama;role;actress;award;prize;choice;degree;
director;speed;script;actor;academy;studio;creature;outer;adult;follow-up;
crulty;peace;industry;owe;happiness;accept;icy;primary;leader;determine;
live(a.);boss;comment;action
silver screen;take off;go wrong;owe sth to sb;in all;stay away;primary school;
lock sb up;run after;bring sb back;on the air;think highly of
4.Grammar:the Attributive Clause(2)
1>描述特定的时间特征---由when或介词+which引导
2>描述特定的地点特征---由where或介词+which引导
3>描述特定的原因或理由的内容---由why或介词+which引导
II.Key points
1.listening and speaking
1>Practise making comments and giving opinions.
practise
[注意]also practice,后接非谓语动词用-ing形式.
[举例]He practises speaking English every day.
他每天练习说英语.
comment
[用法]n.1. 注释,评注(+on/about) 2. 批评,意见,评论(+on/about)
vi.1. 做注解,做评注(+on/upon) 2. 发表意见,评论(+on/upon)
vt. 注释,解释;评论[+(that)]
[举例]He made no comments on our proposal.
他对我们的建议没有作评论。
He did not comment on what I said.
他对我的话未作评论。
2>Interview each other using the information in the short biographies.
interview
[解析]n.[C]1. 接见,会见 2. (记者的)采访,访谈; 3. 面谈,面试
vt.1. 接见,会见;访问,采访 2. 对...进行面谈,面试
[举例]We are now going to interview the Minister of Education.
我们现在就去采访教育部长。
She has interviewed most of the applicants for the job.
她已和大部分申请这份工作的人面谈过。
3>While still a student,she played roles in many plays.
While still a student
[解释]在英语中有些表示时间,方式,条件,让步的从句有时可以省略一些成分:
如果主从句主语一致或从句主语为it,而且从句谓语含有be动词,那么,
从句得主语和be动词可以省略.
4>After graduating,she started working as an actress and won the Theatre World Award.
graduate
[用法]vt.1. 准予...毕业;授予...学位 vi.1. 大学毕业;毕业(+from)
[举例]Mary was graduated from Oxford.
玛丽毕业于牛津大学。
[联想]graduation (from...)
award
[用法]vt. 授予,给予(+to)
n.[C] 奖,奖品;奖状
[举例]Phil was awarded the top prize.
菲尔获得头奖。
The novel earned him a literary award.
这部长篇小说为他赢得文学奖。
5>She won many prizes while acting in some famous films.
while acting
[解释]现在分词前加上while或when,强调动作同时发生.前提是,分词的逻辑主语和句子主语一致.
6>He left high school without a degree when he was 17.
degree
[用法]n.1. 度,度数[C] 2. 程度;等级[C][U] 3. 学位;学衔[C](+in)
[举例]Water freezes at zero degrees Centigrade.
水在摄氏零度结冰。
Our teacher has a high degree of responsibility.
我们老师有高度的责任感。
7>He took many small jobs to make money.
take many jobs
[解释]此处take意为“就职”
2.reading
1>The reason why he could not go there was that his grades were too low.
The reason why...is that...
[用法]这是特定句型,why引导定语从句,is后的用词为that,一般不用because.
[举例]The reason why she did it is that she wouldn t let her parents feel disappointed.
她为什么做那件事是因为她不想让父母失望。
2>Here he worked on a short film.
work on
[用法]从事某工作
[举例]She has been working on her novel since she came to the city.
自从来到这个城市,她一直在写小说.
3>This was the moment when Spielberg s career really took off.
take off
[用法]1. 脱下; 2. 起飞 3. 休假 4.(此处)成名
[举例]The plane will take off soon.
飞机马上就要起飞了。
He took two weeks off in August.
他在八月份休假了两个星期。
4>When the park is hit by a storm,things started going wrong.
go wrong
[用法]弄错;出问题了
[举例]The sum is wrong, but I can t see where I went wrong.
总数错了,可是我看不出哪里算错了。
5>Spielberg is one of the top directors in the film industry.
top
[用法]最高的;最优良的;最重要的;居首位的
[举例]We pay top prices for used cars.
我们出最高价收购旧汽车。
They agreed to give the matter top priority.
他们同意优先考虑这件事
6>When asked about the secret of his success,Spielberg said that he owes much of his success to his wife and children.
When asked about...
[用法]连词加过去分词结构,注意,这是分词和句子主语有逻辑上的动宾关系.
[举例]Even if invited,I won t go to her party.
即使受到邀请,我也不会参加她的聚会.
owe
[用法]vt.1. 欠(债等)(+to/for) 2. (应)感激(+to) 3. 应该把...归功于(+to)
[举例]I owe the landlord one hundred dollars./I owe one hundred dollars to the landlord.
我欠房东一百美元。
We owe a great deal to our parents.
我们深受父母之恩。
We owe to Newton the principle of gravitation.
我们全靠牛顿才知道引力的原理。
7>While watching Titanic,most people couldn t help crying when it came to the scene.
couldn t help doing
[用法]情不自禁做...;忍不住做...
[举例]On hearing the news,she couldn t help bursting into tears.
听到这个消息,她忍不住放声大哭.
高一第五单元The silver screen要点综述
加入日期：2004-3-6 点击次数： 121
3.integrating skills
1>Mr Gao has to stay away for a month to take care of his sick mother.
stay away (from)
[用法]1. 离开 2. 缺席 3. 不在家
2>The village leader asks Minzhi to take his place until he comes back.
take one s place
[注意]准备好;各就各位;取代某人
[举例]Take your place for the next dance.
各就各位,准备跳下一只舞。
3>She tries to keep the students in the classroom by locking them up and running after those who escape.
run after
[用法]追赶,追踪;追逐(对象等)
[举例]The dog is always running after children.
这条狗总是在追小孩.
escape
[用法]vi.1. 逃跑;逃脱(+from) 2. 避免(+from/out of) 3. 漏出;流出(+from/out of)
vt.1. 逃避;逃脱;避免[+v-ing] 2. 没有被...注意到;被...忘掉
[举例]The soldier escaped from the enemy s prison.
这个士兵从敌人的监狱里逃了出来。
He escaped the trials after the war.
战后他逃过了审判。
Her name escapes me.
我记不起她的名字了。
4>She becomes worried and determines to bring him back safely.
determine
[用法]vt.1. 决定[+to-v][+(that)] 2. 使决定,使下决心
[举例]She determined to go that very afternoon.
她决定就在那天下午走。
My mom s encouragement determined me to go on with my study.
我母亲的鼓励使我决心继续学业。
They have determined where the new school will be built.
他们已确定这所新的学校将建造在什么地方。
5>Minzhi wants to go to town,but she can t afford to buy a bus ticket.
afford
[用法]vt.1. (常与can,could,be able to连用)买得起;有足够的...(去做...)[+to-v]
[举例]They did not consider whether they could afford the time or not.
他们没有考虑是否抽得出时间。
We can t afford to pay such a price.
我们付不起这个价钱。
6>She wants them to let her appear live on the air.
live
[用法]此处意为 实况播送的 (a./adv.)
[举例]We watched a live television show.
我们观看了一场电视现场直播的表演。
The football game was televised live.
足球比赛由电视现场直播。
7>If you think highly of the film you may enourage other people to go and see it.
think highly of
[用法]高度赞扬;高度评价
[联想]类似意思的短语还有think well of;sing high praise of等等.
4>workbook
1>Fast Internet connections and computers lead to people downloading and watching films on line.
lead to
[用法]1. 通到 2. 导致
[举例]This road leads to the hotel.
这条路通到旅馆。
Smoking can lead to lung cancer.
抽烟可能导致肺癌。
2>Those people forget that in that way pop singers,films stars and directors cannot make a living.
make a living
[用法]谋生,同earn one s living
3>Things were not the same when it became known that she was a princess.
[注意]这里,the same后不接as,因为这里不存在定语从句问题.千万不要“过敏”啊.
4>Before coming to America,Chan made his career in Hong Kong..
career
[解释]n.1. (终身的)职业[C] 2. 经历;生涯;历程[C]
[举例]He wasn t interested in her stage career.
他对她的演戏职业不感兴趣。
He found it both interesting and instructive to learn about the careers of great men.
他觉得了解伟人的生平既很有趣又有教益。
5>Chan prefer his Hong Kong films.
prefer
[用法]vt.1. 宁可,宁愿(选择);更喜欢[+v-ing][+to-v][+(that)]
[举例]I prefer the quiet countryside to the noisy cities.
我喜欢安静的乡村胜过喧闹的城市。
So you prefer living abroad?
那么你是宁愿旅居海外啦?
高一第六单元Good manners要点综述
加入日期：2004-3-6 点击次数： 143
Unit 6 Good manners
I.Teaching aims and demands
1.Topics
1>learn about good table manners
2>learn to make apology
3>learn to express your gratitude
4>make a contrast study on table manners in Chinese and Western cultures
5>be a student with good manners
2.Function:
道歉和致谢(Apologising and Expressing thanks)
Excuse me. Forgive me.
I m (very/so/terribly) sorry. That s all right./That s OK./No problem.
I apologize for... Oh, well that s life.
I m sorry. I didn t meanto...
Oops. Sorry about that.
Thank you. It s beautiful.
3.Vocabulary
interrupt;apologise;fault;introduce;apology;forgive;culture;
manner(s);impression;toast; behave;napkin;roll;dessert;unfold;lap;
damp;cloth;custom;starter;pray;course;breast;flesh;
bone;raise;advice;spirit;impolite;mix;wing;extra;childhood;stare;disabled
4.Grammar:the Attributive Clause(3)
1>能够用英语描述人物,事件,时间,地点,原因等--使用限制性从句
2>能够用英语对特定的人物,事件,时间,地点等作补充说明--使用非限制性从句
II.Key points
1.listening and speaking
1>Express your gratitude.
gratitude
[用法]n. 感激之情;感恩图报之心
[举例]My heart is full of ~ to him.
[联想]gratefulness感激; ingratitude忘恩负义
2>The man who greeted me is my teacher.
greet
[用法]vt. 和某人打招呼;迎接;祝贺
[举例]She ~ed us with a smile.
We re going to the airport to ~ our distinguished guests.
We sincerely ~ed our chairman s successful visit.
3>Write a than-you letter
[联想]a letter of thanks 感谢信
4>make use of the expressions
make use of
[用法]利用
[举例]You should make good use of your spare time.
The result depends on the use we make of the energy.
5>May I interrupt you for a moment?
interrupt
[用法]vt/vi 打断;打扰;中断
[举例]I m sorry to ~ you.Can I ask you a question?
Traffic was ~ed by a severe flood.
I m sorry to ~ but I wonder whether you want some coffee.
6>I am terribly sorry.
terribly
[用法]adv 非常地;可怕地
[举例]They stood in the dark,trembling ~.
7>What does Bill say to apologize for taking the bike without telling Cliff?
apologize
[用法]~ to sb for (doing) sth 因(做)某事向某人道歉
[联想]make an zpology to sb for sth
7>It was you who took the bike.
It was...who...
[用法]此为强调句型.对人强调时可以用who
8>Just ask me next t
Unit 1
Teaching Aims：
1.Learn and master the following words and phrases
Survive, item, hunt for, make a fire on board,hammer,mirror, saw,care about,parachute
2.Important Ss’reading ability
3.Enable Ss to value the friendship between friends by learning the reading text
Teaching Important Points:
1.Important Ss’reading ability
2. Master the following phrases
Hunt for,make a fire,care about, on board
Teaching Difficult points:
How to make Ss understand the reading text better
Teaching Methods:
1.Discussion before reading to make Ss interested in what they will learn
2. Discussion after reading to make Ss understand what they’ve learned better
3. Fast reading to get a general idea of the text
4. Careful reading to get the detailed information in the text
Teaching Aids:
1.a recorder 2. the blackboard
Teaching Procedures:
Step 1 Greetings and Revision
Yesterday we learned some self-introduction . We know how to describe yourself and your friends in English . Now who can give us self-introduction in English?
Step 2 Pre-reading
Ok. Thank you for your self-introduction . We all know that we have lived with our parents, since we were born. We have never been left on a plane without your parents , brother or sister, friends and all the things we use in our daily life . Yes or No ?
Step 3 Fast reading
First I’ll give five minutes to read the text and then summrize the main idea of each para.
Par. 1 : Chuck’s plane lands on a deserted island
Par.2: Chuck has to learn to how to survive on the island
Par.3: Chuck learns a lot about himself when he is alone on the island
Par.4 Chuck has made an unusual friend on the island
Step 4 Careful reading
Read the text again in three minutes and then answer the following questions and choose the best answer
Questions:
1.Does Chuck Noland always have time to get together with his friends?why?
2. Where does he land after the crash?
3. What things must he learn to survive?
4. What is the most difficult for him.
5.Who is Wilson?
6. What does Chuck learn about himself when he is alone on the island?
7. What does Chuck learn from his experience on the deserted island?
8. What can we learn from Chuck’s experience?
9.If you were alone on a deserted island,what would you do in order to survive?
10. Imagine that four people are in an airplane that is going to crash. One is a policeman, one is a doctor, one is a teacher, and one is a scientist . There is only one parachute. Decide who should get the parachute and explain why.
Choose the best answer
1.Tom Hanks _____________ . C
A.is a successful businessman B. doesn’t have much free time
C. is the main actor in the movie Cast Away D. had a plane accident over the Pacific
2．A deserted island __________ . C
A. has no post office on it B. lies in the middle of the Pacific Ocean
C. is an empty place where nobody lives D. is a plane crashes are most likely to happen
3.. To be short of _______ is what makes it most difficultfor chuck to live on the island. C
A. volleyball B. fresh water C. friendship D. enough food
4. After 5 years alone on the island , chuck would probably disagree that _______ . A
A. a good friend should never think about himself
B. people can make friends with some unusual things like animals
C. friends are the people who can share your happiness and sorrow
D. as a good friend ,you must give as much as you take
5. which can be learned from the last paragraph of the passage ? B
A. Everyone need an unusual friends
B. Friends can learn from each other
C. A friend in need is a friend indeed
D. Animals and things can make better friends than human beings
Step 5 Repeat the story according to the following.：
plane crashed deserted island make friends with（Key words: learn to realise the lesson from Chuck friendship an unusual friend）
Step 6 Language points
1. ① manager n. 经理,管理者,经营者
这家公司的经理 the manager of the company
manage v. 控制, 管理, 经营 (口语:应付得来,做得来
Manage a business 管理商务 I can’t manage it alone.我一个人办不来.
2 crash n. 坠毁,碰撞,碰坏,哗啦啦地倒塌
他于飞机失事中丧生 He was killed in an air crash
v. 撞击, 坠毁, 冲入 公共汽车撞在树上了 The bus crashed into a tree
那架飞机坠毁了 The aircraft crashed
3. deserted adj. 无人居住的 , 荒废了的, 被抛弃了的
a deserted village/island 荒废的村庄/荒岛
4. develop v. 发展, 开发,(使)成长;(使)发育
植物由种子发育而成. eg.Plants develop from seeds
工农业飞速发展. Agriculture and industry develop very quickly
A developing country 发展中国家
A developed country 发达国家
With the development of 随着…….的发展
5.On the island,Chuck has to learn to survive all alone.
Alone与lonely的区别:
Alone adj,adv.作为adj时,只能用作表语,不能做定语. 意为”独自一人” 作为adv时,表示”独自,单独” 用在名词,代词之后,意为”只有”
lonely adj. 表示人 “孤独的, 寂寞的”.也可表示地方”荒凉的:, “人烟稀少的”,既可以做定语,也可以做表语.
虽然我独自一人,但是我并不寂寞 I am alone, but I don’t feel lonely.
他独自一人在荒岛上呆了四年 He lived alone on the lonely island for four years
6.In order to survive, Chuck developed
In order to 引导表示目的的状语,意为”为了”
他早起为了赶第一班车 He got up early in order to catch the first bus.
Unit 2
Teaching Aims：
1.Learn the text “English around the world”
2. Get Ss to master the useful expressions in the text
3. Train ss to read the text with correct pronunciation and intonation
Teaching Important Points:
1. How to improve Ss’ ability to read an article
2. How to get Ss to masterr the useful expressions
Teaching Difficult points:
The use of some useful expressions
Teaching Methods:
1. Fast-reading to train Ss’ reading speed
2.Reading comprehension to help Ss grasp the main idea of the text
3. Preactise getting Ss to master what they’ve learned
Teaching Aids:
1. a recorder 2. the blackboard
Teaching Procedures:
Step 1 Lead-in
From the text we learned yesterday, we know that English is used widely around the world. People in many countries speak English as their first language, and among those countries are America and Britain. Then let’s look at two pictures. Can you tell me which one belongs to America and which one belongs to Britain?
The sceneries were so beautiful
But do you know that American English and British English are not the same. Then let’s have a revision of some differences between British English and American English.
e.g. a. Meaning: bathroom b. Spelling: color & colour
c. Pronunciation: hot d. Words: fall & autumn
I think most of our students are interested in the differences between American English and British English. Do you want to know more about it? Today we will learn the text named
Step 2 Reading Comprehension
ⅠFast Reading
Read the text quickly and answer the following question, then summarize the main idea of each para.
Question: Are the differences greater in the written language or the spoken language?
Answer: The differences are greater in the spoken language.
the main idea of each para.
Para.1 English is spoken as mother tongue and as a second language
Para.2 Many people learn English as a foreign language
Para.3 Many people communicate in English every day
ⅡCareful Reading
Questions:
1. When did American become independent?
2. When did the language begin to change?
3. Which country did the British take “Typhoon” from?
Which country did the Americans take “Tornado” from?
4. Who wrote the first American dictionary?
5. What was his purpose?
6. What are the main three reasons for the differences?
Step 3 Practice
ⅠRead aloud the text
ⅡGo through the text and deal with some language points
1.come about: happen e.g. How did the accident come about?
2. at first e.g. At first she was afraid of water,but she soon learned to swim.
3. while e.g. Some people are rich while others are poor.
4. just as e.g. Just as you say, he is a honest boy.
5. end up with e.g. At the dinner w usually begin with soup and end up with fruit.
6. except for e.g. You composition is good except for some spelling mistakes.
Ⅲ Answer the following questions by choosing the best answer.
1. America stopped being a part of England in _______. C
A 1707 B 1828 C 1776 D 1911
2. Which of the following statements is true? D
A After 1828 American English and British English stayed the same.
B After 1828 British English changed but British English stayed the same.
C After 1828 British English changed but American English stayed the same.
D After 1828 both British English and American English changed.
3. British English is different from American English because________. C
A British decided to change the spelling of many American words
B American English changed but British English stayed the same
C the Americans and British took different words from other languages
D America is a bigger country
4. Noah Webster was_______. D
A an American president B a Spanish farmmer C a British teacher D an American writer
5. Which of the following statements is true?D
A In the future both American English and British English will stay the same.
B In the future American English will change but British English will not.
C In the future British English will change but American English will not.
D In the future both British English and American English will change.
Step 4 Consolidation
Retell the text according to key words:
differences, come about, change, borrow, Noah Webster, spelling, pronunciation
Step 5 Homework
Write a short passage about the differences between British and American English, mainly the reason and some examples of the differences.
The Design of the Blackboard
American English & British English
ⅠDifferences Ⅱ Keywords
a.Meaning: bathroom differences
b. Spelling: color & colour come about
c. Pronunciation: hot change
d. Words: fall & autumn borrow
Noah Webster
spelling
pronunciation
Unit 3
Teaching Aims：
1. Learn and master the following words and expressions:
Adventure simply rafting equipment paddle get away from get close to
2. Train Ss’ reading ability
Teaching Important Points:
1.Improve Ss’ reading ability
2.Enable ss to understand the text better
3.Master the following phrases:
get away from get close to instead of be careful (not )to do sth
Teaching Difficult points:
Master sentence structures
1. Yet there are other reasons why people trave
2.It is done rives and streams where the waster moves quickly
Teaching Methods:
1.Discussion before reading to make Ss interested in travel and adventure travel
2. Fast reading to get a general idea of the text
3. Careful reading toanswerthe detailed questions in the text
Teaching Aids:
1. a recorder 2. the blackboard
Teaching Procedures:
Step 1 Discussion:
1.Do you like traveling? Why or why not?
2.Where would you most like to travel? Why?
3.What is adventure(冒险) travel?
Step 2 Reading
Today we’ll read a text “adventure travel”and know something about it Read the passage quickly to get the general idea
Para.1 adventure travel
Para2 Hiking
Para3 Rafting
Answer the following questions
1.Why do many people travel?
see other countries visit places that are famous, interesting or beautiful. meet new friends try new kinds of food experience life in other parts of the world get away from cold weather
2.Why do people enjoy hiking?
…get close to nature and take exercise at the same time.
…is easy to do and doesn’t have to be very expensive.
The basic equipment you need for hiking is simple.
…anywhere you like.
3.Why do people enjoy rafting?
…exciting adventure?
…a good way to experience nature?
4.If you want a normal rafting, what should you do?
If you are looking for more excitement, …try whitewater rafting.
5.What should you think about if you want to go for a rafting?
…safety; …good clothes; …learn the basic skills of rafting; such as how to handle the raft, how to paddle and how to…
You should also know how to swim.
…wear a life jacket.
HIKING
1).What is hiking?
2).Why is hiking a kind of adventure travel?
3).Where can you go hiking?
RAFTING
1).What is rafting?
2).Where is rafting done?
3).Why is rafting a kind of adventure travel?
Step 3 Careful reading
Read the text again and fill in the below form
Safety tips for hiking:
1.tell someone your destination 2.Bring some necessities
3.Watch out for possible dangers 4.Take some protectors
Benefits of hiking
1.Fun and exciting 2.Get close to nature 3.Take exercise
Safety tips for rafting
1.Learn some basic rafting skills 2.Know how to swim
3.Wear good and strong clothes 4.Wear a life jacket
Benefits of rafting
1.Give excitement 2.Experience nature 3.Take adventure
Compare hiking and rafting.
Similarities: Both are examples of adventure travel.
*Both take place outdoors.
*Both are fun and exciting.
*Both make people get close to nature.
*Both have safety tips.
Difference:
Places: Hiking : In the mountains,in a forest,along a river,in a city
Rafting : On rivers and streams
Equipment: Hiking : good shoes, clothes,backpack map, water, sunscreen, cell phone, hat, etc.
Rafting: Boat,paddle,good clothes,lifejacket
Cost: Hiking : Inexpensive
Rafting: Somewhat expensive
Skills needed: Hiking: Good walking skills
Rafting :Good rafting and swimming skills
Possible dangers: Hiking: Getting lost,sunburn,poisonous animals or plants,hunger and thirst
Rafting: Hitting rocks, trees,falling into water
Step 4 POST-READING
Choose the correct answers.
1 Adventure travellers want to ______ A
A experience fun and excitement B meet new friends
C try new kinds of food D visit famous sites or beautiful places
2 Hiking is a kind of adventure travel because ______ B
A it is not expensive B it is exciting
C you need a lot of equipment for it D you will often put yourself in danger
3 While hiking or rafting, it is important to think about ______D
A cost B excitement C fun D safety
4 Before you go to rafting, you do not have to _____ D
A learn rafting skills B know how to swim C put on a life jacket D wear leather shoes
5 Which of the following is the most difficult? _____ C
A Normal rafting B Stream rafting C Whitewater rafting D Rock rafting
Unit 4
Teaching Aims：
1.Improve Ss’ reading ability
2.Learn how to organize ideas in a text using “First” “ Next ” “Then ” “Finally ”
3. Master some important words and expressions
Teaching Important Points:
Help ss to understand the passage better
Teaching Difficult points:
How to improve ss’reading ability
Teaching Methods:
1.Discussion to let Ss know something about natural disasters
2.Fast reading to get the general idea
3. Careful reading to help ss understand some detailed information
Teaching Aids:
1. a recorder 2. the blackboard
Teaching Procedures:
Step 1 Pre-reading
1.What natural disasters do you know? Flood drought typhoon earthquake volcano fire
2.Have you ever experienced a natural disaster?
Can you describe what it was like and how you feel?
Step 2 Fast reading:
1.What were Flora’s first two feelings when she turned around and saw the water coming?
She felt surprised and wondered/frightened
2.Why was Jeff looking for the chimney? Because chimney is the strongest part of the house and he thought it would stand in the flood
Step 3 Careful reading
1.Jeff was waving his arms___________. D
A.to ask flora to look around B.to make Flora think twice
C.to make Flora t hear a loud noise D.to warn Flora of the advancing water
2.Put the following things in right order. B
a.Flora turned around and saw Jeff waving his arms. b.Jeff dragged Flora toward the house.
c.Flora climbed the stairs. d.Flora started crying. e.Jeff opened the hall door.
f.Jeff seized Flora’s arm and told her to run.
g.Flora struggle in the water and managed to get on her feet
A.a,b,g,d,e,f,c B.a,f,b,g,e,c,d C.a,g,e,b,f,c,d D.a,e,c,f,b,g,d
In the garden
Flood: roar/a wall of water/swept down/swallow / wave/cold as ice/ flow
Reaction: Jeff: wave arms/seize/dragged ..towards /pull her up/hold onto a tree /
Flora: struggle / get on her feet / hold hands / fought for life / pull…up
Feelings: surprised / wondering/frightened
On the way to the house
Flood: go down / great roar / flowed around their legs
Reaction: Jeff: shouted / ran to the steps / opened the hall door
Flora: couldn’t move/ran / got to the steps
Feelings: anxious / frightened
Inside the house
Flood: water: wave/like a sea/swept past/wild/ cut down trees /deep / swept away
House: cracking noise /strange sounds/ moved / falling down
Tree: went down / cut down by water
Garden: completely destroyed/swept away
Reaction: Jeff: looked for the chimney
Flora: climbed the stairs / ran upstairs/ listened / started crying.
Feelings: scared / panic / anxious
Next to the chimney
Flood: house: noise/gone down/moved up and down
Chimney: stand like a tower
Reaction: Jeff: found the chimney / saved themselves
Flora:
Feelings: relieved
Step 4 Pairs work:
1.Find out the words and expressions that the writer used to describe the terrible flood.
She heard a loud noise,which……..
There she saw a wall of water……..
The next moment the first wave swept her…….
The water moved up like a sea.
Below,the water swept past the house……
A terrible noise went through the house.
2.Find out the words and expressions that the writer used to describe their struggle.
Step 5 Pro-reading
Work out what the underlined words refer to(指代）
1.Before she could move, she heard a loud noise, which grow to a terrible roar. A loud noise.
2.There she saw a wall of water that was quickly advancing towards her. Behind her
3.She wanted to watch it. A wall of water that was advancing towards her.
4.Flora, whose beautiful hair and dress were all cold and wet, started crying. Flora’s.
5.For some moments both were silent. Jeff and Flora.
Step 6 Discussion
1.Who do you think is braver, Jeff or Flora? Why?
2. How can we rescue ourselves in a flood?
3. How will the disaster change
Jeff and Flora’s future life?
Step 7 Retell the story in your own words with your partner,
using the following words: First…… Next……. Then……. Finally……..
Unit 5
Teaching Aims：
1.Train Ss’reading ability
2.Learn the following words and phrases:
Creat, acript,academy, work on ,take off, cut…in pieces go wrong follow-up win over in the end
Teaching Important Points:
1.How to make Ss understand the reading text better
2.Learn and master the following phrases:
work on ,take off, cut…in pieces ,go wrong ,follow-up, win over, in the end ,owe to
Teaching Difficult points:
1. The differences between the following pairs of words or phrases:
2.be afraid of doing sth / be afraid to do sth ,high/highly
Teaching Methods:
1.Fast reading to get a general idea of the text
2.Question-and-answer activity to get the detailed information in the text
3. Explanation
Teaching Aids: 1. a recorder 2. the blackboard
Teaching Procedures:
Meryl Streep
1.When and where was Meryl Streep born?
2.How did he begin to act in plays?
3.When did she began to act in her first film?
4. What about his family?
Keanu Reeves
1.When and where was Keanu Reeves born?
2.Where did Keanu Reeves grow up?
3.What about the time when he was young?
4. What did make him famous?
INTERVIEWING
Useful expressions
You studied/worked/acted at different…
First…and then… What did you do next?
Finally you found a job as … Later on…
What roles did you act? How long have you been working as…?
Four parts of the text
1.The first part (the first paragraph)
Steven Spielberg is a passionate about film from a very early age.
2.The second part (the second paragraph) –
He could not go to the Film Academy but later his career began to take off.
3.The third part (the next four paragraph) it is about several of Steven Spielberg’s successful films.
4.The forth part (the last paragraph) What Steven Spielberg has said and written.
Reading
Step 1 Lead-in
Do you know who is the director of the two film? Steven Spielberg
Talk about Spielberg.
Do you know the director ?
Do you know something about Spielberg?
Step 2 Read and fill in the chart.
Name Steven Spielberg
Age 57
Gender(性别) male
Year of birth 1946
Place of birth A small town in America
Name of his first film Firelight
Why are these years important for Spielberg?
1946--------- He was born in this year
1958--------- He made his first real film
1959--------- He won a prize for a short film
1962--------- He made a film called Firelight.
1975--------- He made a real blockbuster , Jaws
1982--------- He made another blockbuster, ET.
1993--------- He made the movie , Jurassic Park.
What are the movies about?
1. Jaws(1975) is about a big shark that attacks and eats swimmers.
2. ET(1982) is about a little creature that comes from outer space and wants to go home.
3. Jurassic Park(1993) is about an island where a very rich man keeps all kinds of dinosaurs.
4. Schindler’s List(1993) is about the cruelty of war/a German who saved thousands of Jewish people from being killed in the war.
5. Saving Private Ryan is also about the cruelty of war/an American captain who led his team to search for a soldier named Ryan.
Step 3 Read the text again and then summarize the main idea of each part
Three parts:
Part 1. (1-2) Talking about Spielberg’s earlier works and his live.
Part 2. (3-6) Talking about some of his films. Such as Jaws (1975), Jurassic Park (1993), Saving Private Ryan (1998) and so on.
Part 3. (7) Talking about Spielberg’s career and happy family.
Details for part 1
Childhood:
1946 born in a small town in American
1958 made his first real film
1959 won a prize for a short film
1962 Made his first film named FIRELIGHT
Youth Got a small job at a film and began his career
Details for part 2 & 3
Works: Jaws (1975) E. T. (1982) Jurassic Park(1993) Schindler’s List (1993)
Saving Private Ryan(1198)
Career: now is one of the top directors in the film industry
Family; met his wife when he was working and got married with her after seven years. Now they have seven children and live a very happy life.
Step 4 Ask and answer
1.Why did Spielberg study English instead of film?
Because his grades were not enough to go to the Film Academy.
2.why were people who saw the film Jaws afraid to swim in the sea?
Because they are afraid of the big shark in the sea
3.How important is his family to Spielberg’s career.
Spielberg says that he owes much of his career to his family.
4.What was Spielberg’s dream?
When he was young , his dream was to go to the Film Academy.
5.What is his wife’s name? Cate Capshaw ,a famous actress
6.What have you learnt from reading about Spielberg?
Working hard and believing in your dream will make your dreams come true.
Step 5 Multiple-choice:
1. How old is Steven Spielberg? ( A )
A 57 B 12 C 16 D 49
2. Why couldn’t Steven Spielberg go to the Film Academy as he wished? ( C )
A Because his family was too poor B Because he was too young to be accepted
C Because his grades were too poor D Because he hadn’t got enough experience
3. Which of the following are Steven’s war films? ( B )
A Fire&Jaws B Schindler’s List&Saving Private Ryan
C Jurassic Park&Schindler’s List D Jaws&Jurassic Park
4. This passage mainly tells about______ . ( A )
A Steven Spielberg’s life as a film director B Steven Spielberg’s life as an actor
C Steven Spielberg’s successful films D Steven Spielberg’s family life
Not One Less
Characters: Mr. Gao, Mr. Tian, Minzhi, Huike Some other pupils
Story: This film is about a 13-year-old girl, called Wei Minzhi, who takes care of the village school when the teacher, Mr. Gao, is away for a month. She has to make sure that all the students stay in the school. When one of them – Huike runs away to the city, she follows him and bring him back, together with the people from the TV station.
Comments: Many people like this film not only because the story itself is moving, but also because most of the people in the film use their real names and play themselves
Unit 6
Teaching Aims：
1.Learn some useful words and expressions
2.Train Ss’ reading ability
3. Get Ss to learn about table manners in western countries
Teaching Important Points:
1.Learn and master the folowing useful expressions:
Make a good impression, be close to a little bit ,start with ,keep silent ,ask for ,at table ,all the time ,drink to , too much
2.Help Ss understand the passage better
Teaching Difficult points:
How to help Ss understand the passage exactly ,especially the following sentences;
Teaching Methods:
1.Discussion to compare table manners in China with that in western countries
2.Fast reading and careful reading to understand the passage exactly
Teaching Aids: 1. a recorder 2. the blackboard
Teaching Procedures:
Step 1 Lead-in
Please tranlate this sentence “ Do in Rome as Romans do”into Chinese Today we are going to read a passage about table manners at a dinner party.
Read the text fast and silently, find the answer to the question,
“Which of the following can be found in the text?”
how to place those things./ how to lay the table
Chinese table manners
how some Chinese start eating
the order of dishes
how to cook western food
how to use a napkin
things to pay attention to at dinner table
Step 2 Fast reading
Read the text quickly and summarize the main idea of each part
Part1 (Para1) laying the table and good table manners
Part2 (Para2-5) the order of dishes and good table manners
Part3 (Para6) table manners changing over time and places
Step 3 Careful reading
Read Para.carefully and answer the questions.
1.what can be found on a Western dinner table? What about on a Chinese one?
Is laying the table for a dinner party in Western countries and in China the same?
2. How is the table laid in Western dinner party?
Things found on a Western dinner table
a small plate; a large plate; a napkin; a small basket with a roll of bread; a glass for red wine;
a glass for white wine; a glass for water; two pairs of knives and forks of different sizes; a soup spoon; a dessert spoon
Things found on a Chinese dinner table
a bowl; a Chinese spoon; a pair of chopsticks; a small ornament to rest the chopsticks on; a small tray with a damp cloth; a napkin; a small glass fot spirits, a glass for beer of soft drinks.
How is the table laid ? a small,bread roll,glasses,knivesForks, plate, two spoons, napkin )
How to use the napkin at a western dinner party?
You can take your napkin , unfold it and put it on your lap when you sit down at the table .
Step 4 Read Para2-5 carefully and answer the questions.
1.Please number the follow dishes be served at a dinner party with the right order.
dessert 4 drinks 5 main course 3 starter 1 soup 2
What are good table manners ?
Pray and keep silent for a moment .Then say
“enjoy your meal”to each other and start eating .
Keep the knife in your right hand and the fork
in your left .
Never ask for a second bowl of soup.
Use your fingers when eating chicken or other birds.
Finish eating everything on your plate .
Speak quietly and smile a lot .
Raise your glasses and take only a sip.
Step 5 Read Para6 carefully and answer the questions.
1. What will you do if you are not sure what to do? You can always follow your hosts.
2. Why is it difficult for people to follow good table manners?
Table manners change over Time and places.
Competition
1)You eat with little noise and movement. ( )
2)Use the napkin to wipe the silver or china. ( F )
3)Wait until all dishes are served. ( F )
4)Try every kind of new dish and appear to enjoy it. (F )
5)Bread is taken by a fork. ( F )
6)A soup spoon should be left on the table. ( F )
7)Do not put much food in your mouth at a time. ( )
8)Try not to get your lips greasy when drinking. ( )
9)Do not drop any food on the table cloth. ( )
10)Do not make any noise when you eat. ( )
11)Talk when there is food in your mouth. ( F )
Step 6 Discussion
A friend from Britain named Jack invites you to have a dinner at his home at 7:00 pm.
What will you do if you want to leave a good impression?
Arrive on time . Say thanks and goodbye Follow table manners Knowing the manners will help you make a good impression
Step 7 Summary
1.How do you use forks and knives at the table in Western countries ?
We keep the knife in our right hands and the fork in our left.
2. What table manners does the text tell about ?
How to lay the table How to use forks and knives etc. How to behave to the table.
How to eat. How to toast and drink
Step 8 Useful Expressions:
pay a visit to sb./sth.=Pay sb./sth. a visit 拜访某人/某地
2. make /leave a …impression on sb. 给某人留下……印象
3. be/sit at the table 坐在桌边 at table 在吃饭
be at table 正在吃饭 sit at table 入席,坐下吃饭
4. start with = begin with
5. drink to…=drink a toast to… 为……祝酒,为……干杯
drink (to) one’s health 为某人的健康干杯
e.g. Let’s drink to our friendship. We drank (to) each other’s health.
6. too much much too
e.g. I’m afraid I’ve put you too much trouble. I’m afraid the gift may be much too expensive.
Unit 7
Teaching Aims：
1. Master the following words and expressions:
Restore,replace,recreate, in ruins, under attack, give ,in pieces,bring…back to life ,come true
2.Learn the following sentence patterns:
It is true that…
3. Improve Ss’reading ability
4. Enable ss to be aware of the significance of protecting cultural relics
Teaching Important Points:
How to improve ss’reading ability
Teaching Difficult points:
1.How to grasp the main idea of a paragraph
2.How to help the Ss masterthe use of some useful words and expressions
3. How to enable the Ss to use the sentence patterns correctly.
Teaching Methods:
1. Discussion method to make the Ss understand what they’ve learned in class
2. Pair work or group work to get every student to take part in the teaching-and-learning activities
Teaching Aids:
1.a recoeder 2. the blackboard
Teaching Procedures:
Step 1 Study the title and guess
What is the difference between “A City of Heroes” and “Heroes of a City”?
“A City of Heroes” focuses on (着重；强调)a city, and there are many heroes; while “Heroes of a city” focuses on heroes, who live in a city.
Step 2 Read the text fast and answer:
What makes the city very great?
A. the people of the city. B. the location(位置）of the city. C. the cultural relics of the city.
Step 3 Read the passage again, and find the topic of each paragraph.
Para1: the building of the city.
Para2: the destroying of the city.
Para3: the rebuilding of the city
Para4: the present situation of the city.
Step 4 True or false(P46 Ex.2)
1.The city of St Petersburg was rebuilt by Peter the Great. F
2. The Germans attack St Petersburg a hundred years ago. F
3.A portrait of Peter the Great was destroyed by Germans.
4.It was difficult for the people to rebuild the palaces.
5.Workers and painters used old photographs to help them rebuild the city.
6. St Petersburg will never be as beautiful as it was before. F
Step 5 Answer the following questions:
1.Who built the city? When and where ? Peter the Great Three hundred years ago
2. Who wanted to destroy the city? When? The Germans. In 1941.
3. What damage did they do to the city?
They burned many of the palaces and St Petersburg was almost in ruins: building were destroyed, and paintings and statues lay in pieces on the ground.
4. How long did the attack last? What did the people of the city do?
900 days They never gave up; they tried their best to protect the city
5. After the attack, what did the people of the city do? They rebuilt the city.
6. Was it very hard to finish the work? How did they do it?
Yes. They did it with the help of old paintings and photographs.
Step 6 Read the text carefully and answer the questions of each Paragraph
Paragraph 1
1.By whom was St Petersburg built? The Russian Czar, Peter the Great.
Where and when was St Petersburg built?
In 1703,St Petersburg was built on the banks of the Neva River.
Paragraph 2
Why has the city become an important part of Russian culture and history?
St Petersburg has been the centre of many important events in history. The events is the reason.
Paragraph 3
What is the paragraph about?
Rebuilding the great city was difficult, but the people of St Petersburg succeeded
Paragraph 4
The people of St Petersburg are heroes of the city, why?
Why is the city a city of heroes? (多选题）
A: the events. B: the people of the city C: Czar peter D: the building
Step 7 Summary
St Petersburg:: was builded over 300 years ago on the bank of Nave River
Builder: Peter the Great
Destroyer: the Germans
Protectors: the people of the city
The people of St Petersburg are the modern heroes of Russia.
Peter the Great: 1. the Russian Czar 2. strong, proud, built a new capital city
3. Many new beautiful palaces like something out of a fairytale were built during his lifetime.
the Germans: 1. Tried to destroy the city in 1941 2. Burned many of the palaces as they left
3. St Petersburg was almost in ruins when they left.
the people of the city: 1. never gave in facing the attack by Germans for 900 days.
2. not gave up restoring the city and its cultural relics though it seemed impossible.
3. A lot of work was done on rebuilding the city and its culture though it was very difficul.
Unit 8
Teaching Aims：
1. Imporove the Ss’reading ability fast-reading and reading
2.Enable the Ss to master the new words and expressions , as well as the language points
3. Train the Ss to love and take an active part in the sports
Teaching Important Points:
1. How to improve the Ss’ reading ability
2.How to write a summary
Teaching Difficult points:
1.How to grasp the main idea of a paragraph
2.How to use some useful words and expressions
Teaching Methods:
1.Discussion method to make the Ss understand what they’ve learned better
2.Pair work or group work to get every Ss to take an active part in the teaching-and-learning activities
Teaching Aids:
1.a recorder 2. the blackboard
Teaching Procedures:
Step 1 Lead-in
What do the five rings stand for?” Europe Africa America Asia Oceania
1.What is the themes (主题）of the Olympic Games?
The themes of the Olympic Games is the international friendship and world peace.
2.Which team enters the main stadium first, and which team enters last?
The Greek team enters first and the team of the host country enters last.
3. Where is the torch lit? It is lit in Olympia, Greece
Step 2 Fast Reading
When and where were the first Olympic Games in modern times?
Step 4 True or False
1.Both the summer and winter Olympics are held every four years. T
2. The modern Olympic Games began around the year 776 BC.
3. In the old times both men and women were allowed to take part in the Olympics Games.
4. The 27th Olympics were held in Los Angeles.
5. In Barcelona the Chinese team won 16 medals.
6.The 28th Olympic Games will be held in Beijing.
7、The first modern Olympic Games happened in the year 383 AD.( )
8、The Olympic Games were born in Greece.( T )
9、The 24th Summer Olympics were held in Barcelona in Spain.( )
10、Horse-riding is one of the unusual sports in the Olympic Games.( T )
Step 5 Careful Reading
Both the Summer and Winter Olympics are held every four years.
Time City
Atlanta
Sydney, Australia
(Winter Olympics) Salt Lake
2004 Athens
2008 Beijing
Step 6 Reading carefully and fill in the below form
Para2---4 Time Place Competitors Sports
the 1st old Olympics 776 BC Greece Olympia young men
women x (why?) (one item, one day)
the old Olympics running jumping wrestling….
393 AD stopped when Greece came under the rule of the Roman Empire (罗马帝国)
the 1st modern Olympics 1896 Greece Athens 311 (13 countries) many items
the 25th Summer Olympics 1992 Barcelona 8000 (150 countries) 250 (sailing,horse-
riding,shooting)
Step 7 Read Para5 and Listen to the tape
The Olympic motto : “Swifter, Higher, Stronger” “A nation(国家,民族）with a strong body
is the base(基础) upon which a society (社会) can be built into prosperity (繁荣) ”
Para 6: To hold the Olympic Games is a rich prize for a country.
Every country wants to be the sponsor(主办)of the Olympic Games. Why?
much richer ,stronger show national power(国力) famous
carry forward( 弘扬）the spirit of the Olympic Games
Step 8 Read the text again and Summary the main idea of each paragraph
What’s important Olympic events happened/will happen in the following years?
In 776BC: The ancient Olympic Games began
After about the year 393AD: the Olympic Games stopped.
In 1896: The first Olympic Games in modern times happened.
In 2000: The 27th Olympic Games was held in Sydney
In 2008: The 29th Olympic Games will will be held in Beijing
Summary the main idea of each paragraph
The 1st: The Olympic Games are held every four years.
The 2nd: Something about the old Olympic Games.
The 3rd: Something about the Olympics in modern times and the 27th Olympic Games.
The 4th: The Olympic motto and something about the track star: Carl Lewis and the Chinese team in Sydney Olympics.
The 5th: Beijing will host and is making preparations for the 29th Olympic Games.
Step 9 Discussion:
The 29th Olympic Games will be held in Beijing in 2008. What shall we Chinese do for the city? What will Beijing look like at that time?
Integrating skills
Fast reading:
Q1. What does Yao Ming do?
Q2. Why is he so famous?
Detail Reading:
Name : Yao Ming Sex : male Nationality: Chinese
Birthplace: Shanghai, China Date of birth: Sept.12.1980 Weight: 134Kg Height: 2.26m
Job: basketball player Position: centre Club: the Houston Rockets
His parents’ job: famous basketball players
His interest as a young boy: learn to play the world’s most popular games
Unit 9
Teaching Aims：
1. Train the Ss’reading ability
2.Learn and master the following words and phrases
Teenager, press, function ,image ,feature, throughout the world ,more than,add…to, remind sb.about sth,obey the rules,stay in touch with,in case of, at least,according to
Teaching Important Points:
1.Learn and master the following phrases
throughout the world ,more than,add…to, remind sb.about sth,obey the rules,stay in touch with,in case of, at least,according to
2.How to make the Ss understand the text better
Teaching Difficult points:
1.Master the difference between the following phrases: no matter wh-/wh-ever ,in case of/ in case
2.Understand the following sentences
(1) Having a cell phone also makes us feel safer , since we can for help in case of an emergency
(2) Wang Mei is one of many Chinese teenagers who live life on the go and use cell phones
Teaching Methods:
1.Discussion to arouse the Ss’interest in the text
2. Fast reading to let the Ss get the general idea of the text
3. Question-and-answer activity to let the Ss get the detailed information in the text
4. Making sentences to have the Ss master some language points
Teaching Aids:
1. a recorder 2. the blackboard
Teaching Procedures:
Step 1 Lead-in
(Show a mobile phone to the students) Answer the following questions
1.Have you ever used a cell phone? Do any of your classmates have cell phones?
Step 2 Read the passage again ,and try to find the main idea of each paragraph
1.Wang Mei is an example of Chinese teenagers who have cell phones.
2.Cell phones can be used for many things.
3.Cell phones also cause problems
4.There are several reasons why teenager like cell phones
5.Wang Mei explains why she likes her cell phone and what she used if for.
Paragraph 1 Enjoy the life on the go
Paragraph 2 New functions are being added
Paragraph 3 Cellphones can not be used in school.
Paragraph 4 Several reasons why teenagers like cellphones.
Paragraph 5 We enjoy the life with cellphones.
The main idea
It discusses the increasing popularity of cellphone in Chinese society. Cellphones are everywhere and have positive and negative effects on our life.
Step 3 Look at the outline of paragraph 2,3 and 4 and try to fill in the blanks
2.Cell phones can be used for many things.
For example: Cell phones are used as cameras, Radios and electronic calendars, and to send E-mail,surf the Internet,play games and enjoy music.
Step 4 Answer the following questions:
1.What does the title “Life on the go” mean?
It means the high pace of modern life and to the fact that portable devices, like cellphones and laptops, are becoming popular.
2. Why do some schools not let students use cellphones?
Cellphones can distract students in class; cellphones may make students spend more time talking on the phone than doing homework
3. Why do teenagers like cellphones so much?
Safety and the cool factor; the desire to be liked by others.etc.
4.Wang Mei says that cellphones are the most useful? Why?
Step 5 Read the text once again, fill in the blanks below:
1. Tell us some functions of cellphones:
Talking to people
Sending messages and images(pictures)
Playing games
Taking photos
Listening to radios and music
Sending e-mail or surfing the Internet
Reminding you about appointments
(3G cellphone)talking to people face to face
2.Cellphones may cause problems,such as:
In school,cellphones may disturb lessons.
Students may spend too much time and money on phone calls.
3. Teenagers like cellphones because …
1. Cellphones help us stay in touch with friends and family.
2. They can call for help in case of an emergency.
3. They think the cellphone is a way to have fun and be cool.
Step 6 Read through the text and tell if the following statements are true or false:
Wang Mei will be back home 10 minutes later. T
We may talk to anyone who also has a cell phone in his pocket. T
Now cell phones can be used as cameras, but not to send email or surf the internet.
Some important days can be reminded about by the earliest cell phones.
Some students disobey the rules and using their phones in the classroom.
John’s parents gave him a cell phone as a Christmas gift, but don’t let him use it in school
Wand Mei calls her best friend at least once a day. T
Unit 10
Teaching Aims：
1. Do some reading to improve the Ss’ reading ability
2.Help the Ss to know that we mustdo what we can to protect the animals and plants around us
3.Learn some useful words and expressions
Teaching Important Points:
1. Improve the Ss’ reading ability
2.Master the use of some important words and expressions
Teaching Difficult points:
How to help the Ss improve their reading ability and help them to know the importance of environmental protection
Teaching Methods:
1. Fast reading and careful reading to get the general idea and detailed information of the passage
2. Discussion and explanation to help the students understand the passage better
3. Listening and reading to improve the Ss’ pronunciation
4．Pairwork and individual work to make every student work in class
Teaching Aids:
1. a recorder 2. the blackboard
Teaching Procedures:
Step 1 Listening
What kind of pollution is it? air pollution
What are the causes? Causes: cars, factories, burning coal and oil
What are the effects? Effect: Human beings and animals can not breathe fresh air any more and may be poisoned.
water pollution
Causes: factories and drainage
Effect: Dead fish everywhere. We can not use and drink the water.
waste pollution
Causes: tourists
Effect: The world around us will be ugly, dirty. We will have a really bad environment.
Step 2 Scanning ( T or F )
1.Human beings always do as they say.
2.It’s late for us to take measures to keep animals and plants from dying out.
3.A species may die out if humans or other animals use too much of a plant or kill too many animals.T
4.Planting a tree is a way to create more space for animals.T
5. We often take good care of ourselves and planet .
6.Since many living things have already died out,we must do something to protect other living things.T
7.Plants and animals will be endangered when they can’t adapt to the change of their habitat.T
8.Plants or animals don’t have to change when a new species comes.
Step 3 Intensive reading
1.Why do animals & plants become endangered?
2.What can we do to protect animals & plants that are being endangered?
Main reasons:
Destruction of human beings.
Introduction of a new species.
Overuse of a plant and over-hunt for animals.
Lack of food.
Pollution.
Main idea of the text.
It’s about why a species becomes endangered and what we can do to protect plants & animals from becoming endangered.
Para 1. Many animals and plants have died out and some others are in danger
Para 2. Why do animals and plants become endangered?
Para.3. What can we do to keep animals and plants from being endangered?
Step 4 Listen to Para 1, answer questions:
1. Who is Steve Jones?
2. What does an environmental expert do?
3. Why should we take care of the planet and ourselves?
Listen to Para2, answer questions:
1. Can you explain what the habitat is like?
2. What will happen if the habitat is changed?
3. Why do some original species become endangered if a new species arrives?
Listen to Para 3, answer questions
1. What can we do to protect the animals and the environment?
2. Is it possible that people would be endangered?
Why do animals and plants become endangered?
Habitats are changed
New species arrive
Resources are overused
Animals are are over killed
Environment is polluted
1. Why is it important to make sure that animals do not die out?
If animals die out, our ecosystems will be destroyed and we human beings will die out, too
2.What can we do to help endangered animals?
We can stop people cutting too many trees, killing animals and polluting rivers. We can tell people to protect from now on.
Step 5 Choose the best answers
1.Steve Jones talks to the group ______. B
A. in a lecture hall of a university B. when he ‘s showing them around a park
C. In a zoo in Birmingham D. In a green park in London
2. The environment in which certain animals or plants are used to living is known as their ______. D
A. land B.species C. Park D. habitat
3. How many reasons does Steve Jones list to show how a species become endangered? A
A.3 B.2 C. 4 D.1
4. In what way nature seems to be cleverer than human beings? A
A. it does not drink. B. it always stays calm. C. it is a better recycler D. it never makes mistakes
5. What does “reduce” means? C
A. we must reduce the amount of food we eat. B. we must smoke less.
C. we must throw away less rubbish. D. we must control the world’s population
6. Which of the following is a way of “respond”?B
A Reply when asked a question B Show others how to protect the environment.
C try not to use harmful things. D Repair things and use them longer.
7. Which can be used as another title for passage 1? C
A. a lecture on the Tour B. Steve Jones
C. The Green park on Birmingham D. Action speak louder than words
8. Which is the best title for passage 2? C
A. Ecosystems B.Air , water and Energy
C.Four ways to care about nature D.Reduce the amount rubbish
Step 6 Discussion:
Think of things you could do to protect the environment. Write a list like Jennifer
Unit 11
Teaching Aims：
1.Train the Ss’ reading ability
2.Improve the Ss’communicating ability
3. Let the Ss know about the different styles of music in the world
Teaching Important Points:
1.Learn and master the following words and phrases
On the radio,in common, combine,variety
2. Improve the Ss’ reading ability and help the Ss understand the passage exactly
Teaching Difficult points:
How to help the Ss further understand the passage and finish the relevant tasks correctly
Teaching Methods:
1.Fast reading and careful reading to train the Ss’reading ability and understand the passage better
2.Discussion to improve the Ss’ability to communicate with each other
Teaching Aids:
1. a recorder 2.the blackboard
Teaching Procedures:
Step 1 Skimming
What is the passage about ? It’s a brief look at some of the exciting musical styles from around the world.
Step 2 Read the passage quickly and answer the following questions
1.How many styles of music does the author write about ? What are they?
Six They are blues, jazz, rock, hip-hop, rap, Latin music
2.Why does the author write this passage?
Because he wants to introduce some of the exciting music styles from around the world.
Step 3 Fast reading
3.Who are the two stars of Latin music mentioned in the passage?
Santana and Ricky Martin.
Step 4 Scanning
Read the passage slowly to get some details and then do the following :
I True or False questions and correcting the error
1.( ) There are only a few styles of music in the world.
2.( ) Blues is a new style of music.
3. ( ) Hip-hop and rap are completely different from blues and rock.
4. ( T ) Santana is a well-known Latin music artist.
5. ( ) Rappers sing the words to their music.
6. ( T ) There are many Spanish-speaking people in both North and South America.
Step 5 Intensive reading
kind Where is it from? Where is it popular?What are their characteristics?Famous singers/stars
Blues African songs US A way for…
Jazz Blues music US
Rock Blues music US
Hip- hop US fast/slow, combine
Rap US speak/“rap”
Latin music South/Latin America US/Spanish-speaking countries SantanaRicky Martin
Step 6 Choose the best answer
1. From Paragraph1 we can infer that___. A
A.There are many more kinds of music all over the world than we can hear on the radio or on TV.
B.There are not many kinds of music all over the world.
c.It is probable that few people like pop music.
D.Most of us probably have our favorite performers,stars or bands
2 .What is the most important characteristic of rap music?____ B
A.It combines other styles of music. B.The way it is sung is very special.
C.It can be fast or slow. D.It has something in common with blues and rock.
3.What do we know about Ricky Martin from the text?_______ D
A.He is popular in Spanish-speaking countries.
B.He is an American but speaks Spanish.
C.He is a rap singer.
D.He is not only well-known in Spanish-speaking countries but all over the world.
4.Where do you think Latin Music will be very much liked according to the text?______ B
A.Where there are many young people.
B.Where there are many Spanish-speaking people live.
C.Where there are many English-speaking people.
D.Where many Africans live.
5. Blues music comes from ________ . C
A. Latin America B. North America C. Africa D. Spain
6. The blues was brought to the US by _______ . B
A. African singers B. African artists C. African Musicians D. African slaves
7. The word “rap” in Paragraph 3 means “_______” . C
A. to sing and dance along with the beat. B. to peak the song words and dance along with the beat.
C. to sing and rap along with the beat. D. to speak the song words and rap along with the beat.
8. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true? D
A.Jazz, rock ,hip - hop , rap and Latin music are new musical styles.
B.Now blues is not popular in the US any more.
C.Hip - hop , rap and Latin music are very popular in the US.
D.Hip - hop and rap are completely the same as blues and rock.
9. In the US, where there are many Spanish – speaking , Latin music is a big part of the culture. The culture here refers to ______. B
A.African culture B. Spanish-speaking people’s culture C. Latin culture D. Spanish culture
Step 7 Post-reading
Listen to the tape and then have a discussion of the following questions:
1.Where does blues music come from?
Blues music came from Africa music that was brought to the United States by slaves.
2. What does the word “rap” mean?
To rap is to speak the words of a song along with the beat.
3. Why is Latin music so popular in the Us? Is it popular in China?
Latin music is popular in America partly because of the fact that the US has a large Spanish-speaking population, but also because of the success of such artists as Santana and Ricky Martin. No, it is not very popular in China.
4. What have you learned from the passage?
Different styles of music make the world more colorful.
Step 8 Find out the topic sentence of each paragraph.
Paragraph1: There is a world of music out there.
Paragraph2 Blues music has a long history
Paragraph3: Today’s American music culture contains many different styles.
Paragraph4: Latin music has spread all over the world
Paragraph5 There is a wide variety of new music to be discovered in every corner of the world.
Unit 12
Teaching Aims：
1.Train the Ss’reading ability
2. Learn and master the following phrases
In trouble, come across, fight against, succeed , share ,believe in
Teaching Important Points:
1. Let the Ss understand the text better
2. Tell the differences among the following phrases
Used to do/be used to do/ be used to doing
Teaching Difficult points:
1. Master the following sentence patterns
(1) make sb./sth +adj.
(2) It is +adj.+to do sth
2.Master sentence pattern
Teaching Methods:
1. Question-and-answer activity to help the students to go through with the whole passage
2. Careful reading to find out the detailed information about the passage
3.Pair work or group work to make every student work in class
Teaching Aids:
1.a recorder 2. the blackboard
Teaching Procedures:
Step 1 Lead-in
Have you seen the film”Harry Potter”? Can you tell us something about the film?
Step 2 Fast reading
Write the letter “T” if the sentence is true. Write “F” if the sentence is false, and then give the right information
1 ( ) Harry Potter is a world-famous writer.
2 ( T ) Harry is a boy with a scar on his forehead.
3 ( ) Harry is very happy before he goes to Hogwarts.
4 ( ) Harry goes to an ordianry school.
5 ( T ) Harry learns a lot about the real world at Hogwarts.
6 ( ) Rowling’s books are about magic and strange creatures, they don’t tell us something about the real world.
Step 3 Read the text again and summary the main idea of each paragraph
Para.1 It is a world of magic and wonders, a world where anything can happen
Para.2 Harry seems like a normal boy , but his life is miserable
Para.3 Hogwarts is an unusual school
Para.4 Harry has to fight against bad wizards and do the right thing
Step 4 Find out the key word of each paragraph as fast as you can. (team match)
JK Rowling , the author of the book and her books
Harry Potter, the hero in the books
Hogwarts , the place where the story happens
Harry’s feeling , which readers share
Step 5 Answer the following questions
1.Why is Harry Potter’s life miserable before he goes to Hogwarts?
Because his parents are dead and the family which he is living with treats him badly.
2.What does Harry learn about himself at Hogwarts?
At Hogwarts, Harry learns the truth about his past, a dark secret that will make his life and his choices more difficult.
3.Why does Rowling use strange creatures in her books?
Rowling uses strange creatures in her books to add to the magic effect of the story.
By Yin Qingguo
一、Goals & Contents
1. Knowledge
A. words (basic)
honest, brave, loyal, wise, handsome, smart, classical, fond of, match, mirror, fry, gun, hammer, saw, rope, movie, cast, deserted, hunt, hunt for, in order to, share, sorrow, care about, feeling, such as, airplane, lie, speech, adventure, notebook, drop a line, error ,survive, be into
B. words (optional)
solution, compass, , parachute, scared, formal, hike
C. Sentences
I don’t enjoy singing, nor do I like computers.
I hate hiking and I’m not into classical music.
Chuck is a businessman who is always so busy that he has little time for his friends.
Chuck is on a flight across the Pacific when suddenly his plane crashes.
He realizes that he hasn’t been a very good friend because he has always been thinking about himself.
He also learns that he should have cared more about his friends.
D. Phrases
have little time, surf the Internet, all the time, on a flight, survive the crash, a deserted island, all alone, collect water, hunt for food, make fire, develop a friendship, share happiness and sorrow, have someone to care about, to give as much as to take
E. Grammar
Direct speech and Indirect speech.
2. Ability & Function
① Learn how to describe friends.
② Learn how to express your likes and dislikes
③ Learn how to make / offer apologies
④ Learn how to change the direct speech into indirect speech and vice visa.
⑤ Learn how to compose an e-mail.
二、Schedule and Procedures
1. Time Allotment
Period 1---Warming up & Speaking
Period 2---Listening & Talking
Period 3&4---Reading (plus“Pre-”&“Post-”& language study)
Period 5&6---Language study& Practicing
Period 7&8---Integrating skills &Assessing
2. Procedures
Period 1
Warming up & Speaking
Step One：Warming up
Teaching aims: how to describe a good friend
talking about likes and dislikes
1. Words to be studied
honest, brave, loyal, wise, handsome, smart, classical, be fond of, be into, classical, hobby
2. Making sentences using the words above, for example,
I think a friend should be honest. He or she never tells lies.
A good friend is someone who is brave. He or she is not afraid of difficulties.
………………
How to carry it out:
1. Greetings to the Ss:
Good morning, everyone! Stand up! Sit down, please! Class is over!
How are you today?
2. Do you have a good friend?/ what do you think should a good friend be like?/ what qualities should a good friend have? The students are asked to describe one of their good friends. Let them use as many adjective words as possible. At the same time I will write these words on the blackboard.
Then I will explain some new adjective words. And ask Ss. to make sentences using them.
Step Two: Speaking
Teaching aims: learn how to express your hobbies: likes and dislikes
1. Words and phrases to be studied
be into, fond (of), classical, all the time, surf the internet
not……nor/neither……
2. Useful expressions
love sth./ to do / doing doesn’t/don’t like/ love sth
like sth. /to do / doing I think that……is terrible or boring.
enjoy sth./ doing sth. hate to do/doing sth.
be into sth. be not into sth.
be fond of sth./ doing sth. I can’t stand……
be crazy about sth. don’t/doesn’t enjoy sth./doing sth.
How to carry it out:
1. Ask them to make a self-introduction
Hi, my name is……. I am ……years old. And I like ……, I don’t like……, etc.
2. How to introduce their friends
Hi, everybody. …… is my good friend. He is ……. He likes ……. He doesn’t like ……. We’re friends because we have the same interests.
3. First ask the Ss. to read the text themselves. And then fill in the chart on page three. After that I will check the answers together. Then I will divide them into several groups and let them discuss the question who can be good friends. After about 5 minutes, I will ask them to answer it trying to use the useful expressions and tell the reasons. ( A group survey )
Name Terry
Gender Male
Age 24
Quality Optimistic
Honest
Likes Basketball
Traveling
Music
Dislikes Swimming
Telling lies
Period 2
Listening & Talking
Step One: Listening
Teaching aims: how to deal with the problems or misunderstandings happened among good friends.
How to carry it out:
1. Ask the Ss. to listen and find out what they (two friends) are arguing about and give suggestions to them in oral or written form.
2. Go on listening on WB on page 85.
3. Ask the Ss. if they have some other ways/methods to solve such problems. First divide them into several groups and then give them 5 minutes to discuss it. Let them decide what the most effective way to solve such problems is.
Keys to textbook on page 2
1. Peter is often late for football practice. I think that he should try to be on time in the future.
2. Mary usually borrows things without asking and she doesn’t return things on time. She should ask the owner is she wants to borrow something and try to return it on time in the future.
3. Adam borrowed John’s CD player yesterday and now it is broken. Adam can ask his uncle to fix it.
Keys to workbook on page 85
1. Solution: Try to understand your friend/Try to talk about the problem in a different way.
2. Solution: Start by telling each other that you are sorry and take it from there. A simple apology is often enough.
3. Solution: Keep your secrets to yourself.
Step two: Talking
Friends often help each other. But sometimes there are some misunderstandings or unpleasant things occurring among them. To learn the skills or strategies is very important to keep good friendship. Under such circumstances, a simple apology is enough and works well. But how to make apologies?
Teaching aims: how to make apologies between friends when some unhappy/unpleasant things or misunderstandings occur.
Words and useful expressions:
work vi. 工作，起作用，行得通
a. She works in a restaurant.
b. The machine won’t work.
c. Your suggestion works well.
why did/didn’t you……？
You promised to ……
I am very sorry……
Please forgive me.
I forgot.
It won’t happen again.
You said that you would……
How to carry it out:
1. Study the example on page 85.
First, hand out cards. Divide the Ss. into several groups, and let them choose their cards and make a short conversation using the expressions on page 86. Then I will check it one by one.
2. Finish the exercises 2 on page 86.
3. Think of some other situations and let the Ss. discuss and find out the solutions and then act them out.
Homework:
a. copy some words
b. make a name card.(full name, age, likes, dislikes……)
Period 3&4
Reading
How to carry it out:
Pre-reading:
1. Ask the Ss. to read the questions of pre-reading. First I will explain some new words.
Match: a piece of short wood which can be used to make fire.
Some phrases: strike a match; put a match to sth; matchbox (box for holding matches). Mirror: a piece of glass which can be used to reflect images.
Some phrases: a driving-mirror; a hand mirror; look at yourself in the mirror.
Fry: to cook or be cooked in boiling fat or oil.
Gun: a kind of small weapon, which can be used to kill both persons and animals and of course you may use it to protect yourself.
Hammer: you may use a hammer to hammer a nail into the wood.
Saw: this is a kind of tool that can be used to cut the wood into two or pieces, but it is not a knife.
Rope: 绳子
Compass: the instruments that can be used to distinguish the directions.
2. Then let them make up sentences using the new words.
3. I have to divide the class into seven groups, in each group there will be eight students. And I will make them discuss the questions and illustrate their reasons. I will make the students elect one captain for each group and report their reasons. The captain of each group can have a same idea or a different one. Then if the other groups don’t agree with the speaking group, they can debate.
I think a knife is the most useful, because I could use it to cut things, to fight animals, and to …….
Andy thinks that a box of matches is the most useful, because ……
Reading the whole text:
1. Brief introduction to Tom Hanks
2. Some background knowledge to this famous film Cast Away
3. List some simple questions on this passage to let the Ss. find the answers while reading the text. And then make them answer them.
Who is Chuck Noland?
Why did he land on a deserted island?
How many years had he stay there?
Is he alone?
…………
4. Finish the first two questions of post-reading on page 4.
5. Divide the whole class into several groups to discuss Question 4 of post-reading on page 4 or hold a debate among them.( Divide them into four groups. Each group represents one view of points.)
6. Explain the language points in the text one by one. At the same time, make them make up sentences using what they have learnt.
Homework:
a. Try to memorize the new words & expressions.
b. Try to recite the third paragraph.
c. Write a composition: words limits: 100
If you were alone on an island, what would you do in order to survive?
7. Some knowledge points:
a. In the movie Cast Away, Tom Hanks played a man named Chuck Noland.
Cast: cast, cast. To throw sth. on purpose or with force.
Cast sb. away: usually used in the passive voice. It means that leaving sb somewhere because of the wreck.
Play: to act the role of sb. e.g. he is playing Hamlet on the stage
b. Chuck is a businessman who is always so busy that he has little time for his friends.
So +adjective / adv. + that + a sentence 如此. ……. 以至于……..
e.g. That shirt is so nice that I have to buy it even if I have to borrow some money from my friends.
He did so well that he was praised by the boss.
c . (phrase) a successful manager
all over the world / country
d. One day Chuck is on a flight across the Pacific Ocean when suddenly his plane crashes.
“When” means “just at that time”. It is usually used in the following structures:
a. be + prep. Phrase + when
e.g. we were at work that afternoon when suddenly a fire broke out.
b. be doing sth. + when…
e.g. we were having a meeting when someone broke in angrily.
c. be about to do sth. + when …..
e.g. I was about to go out when someone knocked at the door.
e. Chuck survives the crash and lands on a deserted island.
Survive: continue to live or exist in spite of nearly being killed or destroyed.
Survive an earthquake, accident, etc.
幸存的人或物+survive+事故 / 事件
e.g. the plants may not survive the frost.
Deserted: with no one present. A deserted street, area, etc.
Desert n. 沙漠
d. all alone: all by himself or it means that only by himself.
e. He has to learn how to collect water, hunt for food, and make fire.
f. challenge: N. invitation or call to take part in a game, contest, fight, etc. to prove who is better or stronger, etc.
challenge (to sb)(to do sth.)
to issue / accept a challenge.
Challenge V. challenge sb (to sth.) e.g. challenge sb to a game of tennis.
Challenging adj. 具有挑战性的，激励的 e.g. a challenging job, test.
g. In order to survive, Chuck develops a friendship with an unusual friend---a volleyball he calls Wilson.
In order to do sth. means “ so as to” but “so as to” could not be used in a negative sentence.
Develop a friendship with sb.
h. He realizes that he hasn’t been a very good friend because he has always been thinking about himself.
Realize(se): understand e.g. I realized that they had told the secret the others before they told it to us.
Have / has been doing sth. 现在完成进行时
Think about and think of:
作“考虑”和“想起”解时两者同意，可以互换使用。但是作“对……有看法”或“评价”时则只能使用think of.
e.g. do you ever think about your childhood?
What do you think of the film?
i. even if is equal to even though. 让步状语从句
j. He talks to him and treats him as a friend.
Treat……. as(pre.)….. e.g. I decided to treat his words as jokes.
k. share happiness and sorrow
share: to have or use sth. with others.
share sth. (with sb.) e.g. there is only one bedroom, so we have to share. I mean I have to share the bedroom with you.
Sorrow: great sadness
l. it is important to have someone to care about
it is +adj. +to / for sb to do something
e.g. it is difficult for us to pass CET 4
it is very kind of you to help me with my homework.
m. Care about: be worried, concerned or interested. 忧虑，关心，惦念
e.g. People all over the world are caring about the future of Iraq.
They don’t care about what will happen to the family.
Care for: （一般用于疑问句和否定句） 喜欢或爱某人；照看，照顾某人；（否定句）对某人或某事物爱好或喜爱
e.g. he cares for her deeply.
Who will care for him if his wife dies?
I don’t care much for opera.
n. He also learns that he should have cared more about his friends.
Should have cared: should have done, this is the subjunctive mood. It means that you should do something, but really you didn’t do that.
o. We must give as much as we take.
As + adj. / adv. +as + noun. / a sentence
e.g. You should finish the work as early as possible.
We will do the work as well as we can.
Can you give me the apple as big as yours?
p. human being: man, woman or child; person
q. The lesson we can learn from Chuck and all the others who have unusual friends is that friends are teachers.
此句的基本结构是the lesson is……..that……..
Who 引导的是定语从句修饰的是all the others, 但that 引导的是表语从句，在表语从句中必须使用陈述语序。
e.g. the trouble is that I have lost his address.
r. such as and for example: such as + noun. For example, +noun or sentence and the phrase for example can be used at the end of a sentence.
e.g. many people, such as children and old men, lost their lives in the war.
Many soldiers, for example, Lei Feng, have done very great deeds in their lives.
s. friendship helps us understand who we are.
help sb +to do / do sth.
You may help me to finish the job.
Period 5&6
Language study& Practicing
Teaching aims: Learn the rules of transformation of the Direct and Indirect Speeches and transform them fluently and correctly.
How to carry it out:
1. Greetings to the Ss.
2. Dictation of words & phrases.
3. “Word study” on Page 4. Fill in and then translate them.
4. “Vocabulary” on page 87 in WB.
5. Give instructions on the translation work and do “Vocabulary 3”. Let the Ss. hand it in.
Grammar Study
当我们引用别人的话时。如果我们引用别人的原话，那么被引用的部分就叫直接引语，一般用“ ”引起来。如果我们用自己把意思转述出来，那么这样的话称为间接引语。间接引语在多数情况下都构成一个宾语从句。由直接引语转化成间接引语可以分成下面几种情况：
1、如果直接引语是一个陈述句，在变成间接引语时一是要用连词把主句和从句连接起来，that可省略。二是根据意思改变人称，三是直接引语的动词的时态要作相应的变动。四是根据意思将指示代词、地点及时间状语等作必要的变动。
⑴Lin Tao said, “I am ready.”
Lin Tao said (that) he was ready.
⑵He said (to me), “I have left my book at home”
He told me that he had left his book at home.
⑶She said, “I will come here again tonight.”
She said (that) she would come there again that night.
2、在引用一个疑问句时，要用连词whether或if连接起来，不能省略。此外还要把人称、时态，时间和地点状语作相应的变化，从句一定要用陈述语序。
He asked, “Can you come here tomorrow.”
He asked (me) if I could go there the next day.
He asked, “ are you a teacher?”
He asked me whether / if I was a teacher.
3、如果直接引语是特殊疑问句，那么特殊疑问句作连词，连词不能省略，然后人称、时态、时间状语等仍需适当的变化，引语的语序为陈述语序。
⑴.He asked, “How are you getting along with your studies.”
He said me how I was getting along with my studies.
⑵.She asked, “Where will you have lunch ,Tom.”
She asked Tom where he would have lunch.
(3) She said, “ what are you doing?”
She asked me what I was doing.
时间改变可以用下表表示：
直接引语 间接引语
一般现在时 一般过去时
现在进行时 过去进行时
一般将来时 过去将来时
一般过去时 过去完成时
现在完成时 过去完成时
过去完成时 过去完成时
现在完成进行时 过去完成进行时
注意：如果直接引语表达的是客观事实，或当时直接转述，时态不用变。如：
The teacher told us that the earth turns around the sun.
4、一些常用词改变规律表：
在直接引语中 在间接引语中
指示代词 This That
These Those
表时间的词 Now Then
Today that day
This week(month ,etc) that week(month)
Yesterday the day before
Last week(month) The week (month etc) before
Three days (a year, etc) ago three days (a year etc) before
Tomorrow the next (following)day
Next week(month) the next (following)week
地点 Here There
动词 Come Go
5、如果直接引语是祈使句，将say变为ask或tell等，直接在动词前加“to” 。否定式加not to，这个请求或命令由一个复合宾语表示出来。
He said, “Come in, please.”
He asked me to come in.
He said, “Don’t do that again ,Peter.”
He told Peter not to do that again.
Grammar exercises 1:
Ask someone to answer.
1. Do “Grammar” 1 on Page 5 in SB, paying enough attention to the students’ common errors.
2. Do “Grammar” 1 on Page 87 in WB.
3. Do “Grammar” 2 & 3 individually, in pairs, or in groups. Of course, this part can be assigned for the students’ homework.
4. “Grammar” 2 on Page 5-6 in SB is optional. You may do it by way of pair work or group work, or even simply omit it. But in this part, I should emphasize some words and phrases:
be angry with sb.
miss sth / sb.
reef: 焦，焦脉.
not any longer=not any much
take care of =look after
I am scared.
Homework:
Finish Question 2 on page 87 after class. And check it next period.
Period 7 & 8
Integrating skills &Assessing
Teaching aims: how to compose an E-mail
How to carry it out:
1. Greetings to the Ss.
2. Homework checkup/analysis
Point out some common problems coming forth in Ss.’ homework.
3. Reading and Writing on page 6 & 7 on the Ss.’ Book.
Study the instruction and read the two quoted messages to decide whom of the two to make friends with.
Pay special attention to the following words and phrases:
e-pal, click it away, drop sb. line
4. “E-mail” writing formula
To:
Subject:
Attachments:
The body: Date
Hi/Dear……
………………
………………
………………
Your signature
5. Get the Ss. finish writing on page 7 & 90.
6. Finish “Reading” on page 88 & 89.
7. Assessing
Handouts for Ss. to self assess. Add some other items.
Homework:
1. Ask the Ss. to write an E-mail to me.
2. Preview the new unit especial the new words.
（浙江省淳安中学 邵一平）
(1) 语法讲解：同步教材重难点语法讲解
1. 不同时态的问句形式（Revision of question forms in different tenses）
疑问句就是提出问题的句子。有四种：a. 一般疑问句（General Questions）； b. 特殊疑问句（Wh-Questions）；c. 选择疑问句（Alternative Questions）； d. 反意疑问句（Tag-Questions）。
可用于各种时态。 如：
Who is that boy over there?
What do you know about Bob White ?
Which school did he go to last year?
Which school does he go to now?
Which subject is he going to study this term?
What was he doing at this time last week?
How many Chinese words has he learnt?
2.直接引语和间接引语 (Direct and indirect speech)
当说话人引用别人的话时，可以用别人的原话，也可以用自己的话把别人意思转述出来，引用原话，称为直接引语（Direct Speech），否则称为间接引语（Indirect Speech）。直接引语通常用引号（“”）括起来，间接引语在多数情况下都构成一个宾语从句。
1. 如果引用的句子原来是一个陈述句，在间接引语中要注意下面几点：
（1）在引语的开头用连词that，有时可以省略
He said: “mother, the boy is very naughty.”
He told his mother that the boy was very naughty.
（2）根据意思改变人称
She said: “your pronunciation is better than mine.”
She said that my pronunciation was better than hers.
（3）注意间接引语中的谓语与句子主要谓语时态一致
“Frank, I came to return you the book,” Henry said.
Henry told Frank that he had come to return the book.
（4）根据意思将指示代词，地点及时间状语作必要的更动
She said: “I will come here again tonight.”
She said she would go there again that night.
2. 直接引语是一个疑问句变间接引语时，除了注意人称、状语等的变更和时态一致之外，还要注意：
（1）把疑问句语序变为陈述句语序，也就是说要把主语放在谓语的前面。
He asked: “ How are you getting along?”
He asked us how we were getting along?
（2）在这种引语前“that”是永远也不能用的。如果是一个一般疑问句、选择疑问句或反意问句，在引语前要用连词whether或if。
He asked: “Are you a Party member or a League member?”
He asked me whether I was a party member or a League member.
（whether…or…搭配，一般不用if）
“You’ve already got well , haven’t you ?” she asked.
She asked whether（if）he had already got well .
3. 现在进行时表示将来动作（the present continuous tense-future use;）
现在进行时是由助动词am，is或are加行为动词的现在分词构成。 基本用法是表示说话时正在进行的动作,可与now, at present, right now等时间状语连用, 现在进行时与always, often, all the time等连用可表示反复性、一贯性的动作,且常带有赞扬或厌恶的感情色彩。除了表示现阶段正在进行的动作和表示一贯性的动作之外，还表示即将发生的动作。
考点说明: come, go, leave, arrive, start, fly, drive等动词可用现在进行时表示一个按计划或安排好将要发生的动作即将发生的动作。
典型例题1:I want to know when he _____ for New York.
A. has left B. is leaving C. had left D. would leave
解析:由句意“我想知道他什么时候动身去纽约”可知此处表示将来, D项为过去将来时,与主句时态不一致。故答案选B。
典型例题2: Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belts. The plane_______. (06福建卷24).
A. takes off B. is taking off C. has taken off D. took off
解析: 这里用现在进行时表示将来的动作。是口头通知的常用语，“女士们，先生们，清系好安全带，飞机就要起飞了。” 故答案为B。
典型例题:
1.“Where does your chemistry teacher live, Karen?” the young man asked.
The young man asked Karen where her chemistry teacher lived.
简析:一般说来,直接引语是疑问句,将其变为间接引语时,原来的疑问语序要改为陈述语序。
2.“I have gained the first place in the mathematics competition,” the little boy said happily.
The little boy said happily that he had gained the first place in the mathematics competition.
简析:直接引语变为间接引语时,若主句的谓语动词是一般过去时,从句的谓语动词一般要用相应的某种过去时态, 所以本句中的现在完成时应改为过去完成时。
3.“Light travels faster than sound,” the physics teacher said to the boys and girls.
The physics teacher told the boys and girls that light travels faster than sound.
简析:直接引语为客观真理、格言时,变为间接引语,时态无需改变。
4.“Will you go to the concert with me this evening?” Mary asked me.
Mary asked me if / whether I would go to the concert with her that evening.
简析:直接引语如果是一般疑问句,变为间接引语时,要用连词whether或if引导,而不用that。
5.“What did you do here yesterday?” the old man asked my brother.
The old man asked my brother what he had done there the day before.
简析:直接引语变为间接引语时, 指示代词、时间状语、地点状语一般也要作相应改变,如
this, these, here, now, today, tomorrow, yesterday等分别改为that, those, there, then, that day, the next day, the day before等。
6.“Speak English more often in and out of class,” our English teacher said to us.
Our English teacher told /asked us to speak English more often in and out of class.
Our English teacher suggested that we (should)speak English more often in and out of class.
简析:直接引语是祈使句,变为间接引语时,要将祈使句的动词原形变为带to的不定式,并在不定式的前面根据语气需要使用ask, tell, order等动词,其句型是:ask/tell/order someone to do sth.,但是suggest不能接不定式作宾补,只能接-ing形式或从句(从句用虚拟语气)作宾语。
7.“Don’t play football on the street, little boys,” the policeman said.
The policeman told the little boys not to play football on the street.
简析:如果直接引语是祈使句的否定式,变为间接引语时,要将其改为不定式的否定形式作宾补,不定式的否定形式是在不定式前面加not,而不是加do not, does not, did not等。
8.“Would you please do me the favor to carry the box upstairs?” the young woman said to me.
The young woman asked me to carry the box upstairs for her.
简析:直接引语是一些表示请求、建议的疑问句,变为间接引语时, 也变为不定式作宾语补足语。需要注意的是应根据原句的语气选用恰当的动词。因为此处原来的疑问句用的是很客气的语气,改写后不宜用order。
9.“You clean the classroom after class today, Tom,” said the monitor.
The monitor told Tom to clean the classroom after class that day.
简析:一般而言,祈使句是以动词原形开头的,但是如果说话人有意强调动作执行者,也可以在句首加上主语。我们在将其变为间接引语时不能将带有主语的祈使句与陈述句混淆起来。
10.“It’s a fine day. Let’s go to the country for a picnic,” Peter said to me.
Peter said that it was a fine day and asked me to go to the country for a picnic with him.
简析:当直接引语中有多种句子形式如陈述句、祈使句、疑问句等时,我们就要用不同的方式将各种句子进行转述。因为原句中直接引语前面部分是陈述句,故变为由that引导的宾语从句,后面部分是祈使句所以变为不定式作宾补。
(2)相关高考试题诠释
[经典句1]：1) I don’t enjoy singing, nor do I like computers.
2) Rock music is OK, and so is skiing. (Unit1, Speaking)
[考点透视]
句1)是“neither/nor+系动词/助动词/情态动词+主语+动词”的倒装结构,表示两个句子主语一致,但否定不同的内容;若两个句子主语不同,但否定相同的内容,则用“neither/nor+系动词/助动词/情态动词+主语”结构。
句2)是“so +系动词/助动词/情态动词+主语”结构,表上句的情况也同样适用于后者,其主语与上句的主语不同;而 “so +主语+系动词/助动词/情态动词”结构表示上句提到的情形的确如此,对其进一步强调,两句的主语相同。
[高考题1]---Do you know Jim quarreled with his brother?
---I don’t know, _______. (MET 1991)
A. nor don’t I care B. nor do I care
C. I don’t care neither D. I don’t care also
[诠释] 这里是“neither/nor+系动词/助动词/情态动词+主语+动词”的句型。答案为 B.
[高考题2] --- David has made great progress recently.
--- _______, and _______.(上海)
A. So he has; so you have B. So he has; so have you
C. So has he; so have you D. So has he; so you have
[诠释] 这是肯定语气中的句型“so +系动词/助动词/情态动词+主语”结构，答案为 B.
[高考题3]---It’s burning hot today, isn’t it?
---Yes. ________yesterday（06福建卷）
A. So was it B. So it was C. So it is D. So is it
[诠释] 这里是句型“so +系动词/助动词/情态动词+主语”结构，表示“昨天与今天一样都天气热”，故答案为 A.
[经典句2]：One day Chuck is on a flight across the Pacific Ocean when suddenly his plane crashes. (Unit1, Reading)
[考点透视] 连词when引起时间状语从句时,通常意为“当……时候”。此处的when相当于and then, and just at that time,可意为“就在那时,突然”。主句多用过去进行时或be about to 结构,when 引起的从句则多用一般过去时。
[高考题1] We were swimming in the lake ____ suddenly the storm started. (04北京春)
A. when B. while C. until D. before
[诠释] 此处的when意为“就在那时,突然”。与后面的“suddenly”呼应，故答案为 A.
[高考题2] He was about halfway through his meal a familiar voice came to his ears.（06辽宁卷）
A. why B. where C. when D. while
[诠释] 主句用了be about to 结构,意思是“正准备做…”,与when 引起的从句连用。故答案为 C.
[高考题3].I along the street looking for a place to park when the accident __ ．(安徽高考)
A．went; was occurring B. went; occurred
C．was going; occurred D．was going; had occurred
[诠释] 这里的主句要用过去进行时,因从句中有when 引起的从句，而且从句多用一般过去时。答案为 C.
[经典句3]：Chuck learns that we need friends to share happiness and sorrow. (Unit1, Reading)
[考点透视] share作动词,表示“分享,共同使用;共同具有,有同样的……”,share out表示“分给(一些人)”;share with表示“与……合用”。
[高考题] Let Harry play with your toys as well, Clare? you must learn to _____. (NMET )
A. support B. care C. spare D. share
[诠释] 这里考查 “share with sb. sth.”结构，答案为D.
[经典句4]： ..., it will become more and more important to have a good knowledge of English.( Unit 2, Reading)
[考点透视] knowledge通常为不可数名词,但表“对…懂, 对…有某种程度的了解”时,通常前面可加不定冠词。
[高考题1] .They have a good knowledge of English but little ____ they know about German. （05 天津高考卷）
A. have B. did C. had D. do
[诠释] 这里“have a good knowledge of English” ,意思为“对英语有某种程度的了解”，与后面的 “know”意思相同。答案为D.
[经典句5]：For a long time the language in America stayed the same, while the language in England changed. (Unit 2, Integrating Skills)
[考点透视1] stay在句中是连系动词,也就是说stayed the same是系表结构,所以此时stay不可以用于进行时态和被动语态。
[高考题] Why don’t you put the meat in the fridge? It will ______ fresh for several days. (NMET )
A. be stayed B. stay C. be staying D. have stayed
[诠释] stay fresh是系表结构, 故stay是连系动词，答案是B.
[考点透视2] 连词while在句中的意思是“但是、然而”,表示转折或对比关系。
[高考题1] She thought I was talking about her daughter, ______, in fact, I was talking about my daughter.(NMET 1995)
A. whom B. where C. which D. while
[诠释] 这里考查while连词。在句中的意思是“但是、然而”,表示转折或对比关系。所以选D.
[高考题2] We thought there were 35 students in the dining hall, ____, in fact, there were 40. (06全国卷II, 13)
A. while B. whether C. what D. which
[诠释] 此处while在句中的意思是“但是、然而”, 表示转折或对比关系。答案 A.
[高考题3] The cost of living in Glasgow is among the lowest in Britain, the quality of life is probably one of the highest. (06天津卷,).
A. since B. when C. as D. while
[诠释] 此处while表示对比关系，“然而”，答案 D.
[经典句6]： That’s why the words color, centre and traveler are spelt color, center and traveler in American English.( Unit 2, Integrating Skills)
[考点透视]why的意思是“为什么、……的理由”,在句中是连接副词,引导表语从句,从句的内容表示结果。
[高考题] You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is _______I disagree.(NMET 31)
A. why B. where C. what D. how
[诠释] 检查考生对名词性从句的掌握和运用能力。意思为“你说人人应该平等，在这一点上我不敢苟同。”where 在表语从句里充当状语，有“在…地方”的含义。B最佳。
[经典句7]： However, most of the time people from the two countries do not have any difficulty in understanding each other. (Unit 2, Integrating Skills)
[考点透视] 表示“做某事有(无)困难”可用句型have (no)difficulty (in)doing sth.,其中的difficulty是不可数名词,也可以用trouble,句型中的介词in可省掉;如表示“在某方面有(无)困难”,则用have (no) difficulty with sth.
[高考题] .There ____ be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practised a lot in the driving school. （ 上海卷）
A. mustn’t B. shan’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t
[诠释] 这里是考句型, “there be no difficulty about (in) doing sth. =have (no) trouble in doing sth”, 表示“做某事有困难”, difficulty 和trouble 都是抽象名词，故答案为C.
[经典句8]：...or simply to get away from cold weather. ( Unit3, Reading)
[考点透视] get away from除表示 “逃离”外, 还可意为 “走开, 离开;拿走,(使)离开”。
[高考题] His mother had thought it would be good for his character to _____ from home and earn some money on his own. (北京)
A. run away B. take away C. keep away D. get away
[诠释] 这里考词组短语的区别。run away from从……逃跑;挣脱……;take away from 从……拿走;keep away from “(使)不靠近”。根据题意,应选D。get away from意为 “走开,离开;”
[经典句9]：You should not go rafting unless you know how to swim, and you should always wear a life jacket. ( Unit3, Reading)
[考点透视] 连词unless的意思是“除非、如果不”,常可以与if...not互换。引导条件状语从句时,从句的谓语动词经常用一般现在时表将来。
[高考题1] The men will have to wait all day ______ the doctor works faster. (北京春)
A. if B. unless C. whether D. that
[诠释] 这里连词unless是“除非、如果不” 的意思，故选B.
[高考题2] You will succeed in the end ______ you give up halfway. (2001上海春)
A. even if B. as though C. as long as D. unless
[诠释] 用unless引导假设关系, 对比“succeed”与“give up”两者关系，意为 “除非你中途放弃，你会最终成功的。”
[高考题3]. ________ you have tried it, you can’t imagine how pleasant it is. (06北京卷，33)
A. Unless B. Because C. Although D. When
[诠释] 这里unless意思是“如果不”,可以与if...not互换。答案: A
[考例4] We don’t keep winning games _______ we keep playing well. (06浙江卷，2)
A. because B. unless C. when D. while
[诠释] 这里连词unless是“除非”的意思。强调条件。答案: B
[经典句10]： By staying at hotels in Red River Village, tourists can help the villagers make money so that they can take care of the river and the birds. (Unit3, Integrating Skills)
[考点透视1] by用作介词,表示“用……方式,凭借……手段”,后接动词时用其-ing 形式。
[高考题1] One learns a language by making mistakes and _______ them. (北京2001春)
A. correct B. correcting C. corrects D. to correct
[诠释] 由句意及连词and可知,空缺处应与making mistakes并列作介词by的宾语,故选B。
[考点透视2] so that通常用来引导目的状语从句,意思是“为了……、以便于”,从句的谓语动词通常与情态动词连用。此外，so/ such a… that 还可表示结果。结果状语从句中一般不与情态动词连用。
[高考题2] Roses need special care _____ they can live through winter. (NMET 2004)
A. because B. so that C. even if D. as
[诠释] 根据题意 “玫瑰需要特别的关照以便它们能够越冬”,可知此处表示目的,故选B。
[高考题3].His plan was such a good one ______ we all agreed to accept it.（06陕西高考卷）
A. as B. that C. so D. after which
[诠释] 这里such a… that 连接结果状语从句。答案B.
(3)专项练习题: (30道)
1. Mary was about to go to bed ___________ someone knocked at the door.
A. when B. while C. as D. since
2.---Why are you so tired?
--- I have been cleaning the room _______ this morning.
A. all time B. all the time C. all times D. the all time
3、Because the climbers _____a heavy rain, they had to stop climbing the high mountain.
A. caught B. caught in
C. were caught D. were caught in
4. We ________ visiting the Great Wall next week.
A. thought B. wanted C. considered D. expected
5. He told me that he better .
A. was, that day B. is, today C. was, this day D. is, the day
6. I did wrong to him. Please ____sorry to him _____ me.
A. say; to B. say; for C. tell; for D. tell; to
7. Would you like _________ some coffee?
A. drink B. drinking C. to drink D. to drinking
8. I _______ back tomorrow unless it______
A. will; rains B. will be; rains
C. am; rains D. will be; is going to rain
9. He ________ a week in finishing the experiment.
A. took B. cost C. spent D. paid
10. Jane ______ have kept her word. I wonder why she changed her mind.
A. must B. should C. need D. would
11. It is said that the earth is becoming warmer and warmer, How does this ?
A. come from B. come back C. think about D. come back
12. They went on a travel on foot _________by bus.
A. instead B. take the place of
C. in the place of D. instead of
13. --- Take a short rest, will you?
--- Ok, I’m tired after a long walk.
A. more or less B. more and more
C. as a result D. for example
14. I know that gentleman like you ____ only large notes.
A. take B. fetch C. bring D. carry
15. You must do _______ I tell you.
A. that B. as C. like D. which
16. It didn't take long before the wooden building ______by the fire.
A. swallowed up B. was swallowing up
C. was swallowed up D. has swallowed up
17. Another wave _____the house, and a strange cracking noise began.
A. struck B. beat C. felt D. dragged
18. I ________ he will visit the United States with me.
A. am hoping B. hope C. have hoped D. am hoped
19. George _____the good chance to hand his suggestions to the director, and at last, it was accepted.
A. covered B. seized C. advance D. thought
20. I prefer coffee _____ milk. But they prefer _____ juice ______ soup.
A. to; to drink; drinking B. to; drinking; to drinking
C. at; drinking; to drinking D. at; to drink; to drink
21. We had to pay the rent two weeks in_______.
A. advance B. trouble C. ahead D. total
22. The slaves were fighting _____the slaver owners _____ their freedom.
A. for; with B. for; against C. with; against D. against; for
23. Paper __________ easily.
A. is catch fire B. catches fire
C. is caught fire D. is on fire
24. The old lady, _____ had been killed in the war, was given help by the local government.
A. all her children B. all of her children
C. all of whose children D. whose all children
25. When Lucy came back from work, she found her husband _____ in the kitchen and all the housework ____.
A. cooking; done B. cook; done
C. cooking; do D. cooking doing
26. The box is _______ what I saw in the shop.
A. same as B. the same like
C. the same that D. the same as
27. The name sounds like a stranger, _______ I think I have never heard.
A. whom B. of which C. to which D. which
28. You should make it a rule to leave things ______ you can find them again.
A. when B. where C. then D. there
29. The students ______ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she _____ in the office.
A. had written; left B. were writing; has left
C. had written; had left D. were writing; had left
30. It ________last night, for the ground is wet.
A. must rain B. must have rained
C. must to rain D. must have rain
(4)专项练习题答案详解:
1. 与主句be about to 结构联系起来考虑,此处的when相当于and just at that time,意为“就在那时,突然”。答案为A.
2. 从谓语“have been cleaning”可知是现在完成进行时，所以是“all the time”，意思是“一直”，答案为B.
3. 表示“受困，受阻”意思的短语是“be caught in”. 这里要注意用被动结构， 还要不忘记接介词in, 在雨中是“in the rain”. 所以答案是D.
4． 这里要看动词与宾语的搭配，宾语是动名词visiting 只有consider后直接跟动名词。 Want 和 expect 要跟动词不定式， think 要加介词 of / about 再接动名词。所以答案是C。
5. 考查间接引语的用法。 动词told过去式时，后面跟的宾语从句也应时态一致。相应的时间状语也要改变。所以答案是A.
6．考查短语搭配。 “say sth．to sb. for sb”意思是“替某人向某人说……”。所以答案是B.
7．would like后跟不定式，不跟动词-ing形式。所以答案为C。
8．在条件状语从句中，主句是将来时的，从句要用一般现在时代替一般将来时。这里是unless引导的条件状语。所以选B。
9．考查近义词的区别。都是“花费”之意。Take 主语通常是it; spend指花费时间和金钱，主语通常是人; cost主语通常是物； pay主语通常是人,但要注意搭配“pay sb. Sth. 或pay for sth.”。所以要选C.
10．这里考情态动词的用法。 must have done“想必或一定已经做……”。Should have done “本应该做… 而没做”.would have done“本来会做而没做”，need have done“原来需要做…”. 所以从文中 “kept her word”与“changed her mind”，可推出答案是B.
11. 考查动词短语的区别。come from “来自”；come back“返回” ; .think about “思考，考虑” ； come about“产生，带来”。 根据句子意思，是“全球变暖是怎么产生的。”答案为D.
12．instead of介词短语，表示“舍去”的动作，即不去做； instead 放句尾，表示“取”的动作，即去做某事；in the place of= take the place of 都表示“代替，替代”。 所以答案为D。
13. 此题考查副词短语的不同意思和用法。这里副词短语都做状语，但意思不同：more and more“越来越多”；
as a result“结果是”；for example“举例”；more or less “或多或少”，表示程度，所以选A.
14．这里考查动词的近义词的区别。都有“携带，拿，取”的意思。 Take “带来”； bring“拿去”；fetch“去取回来”；都有方向性。“carry作“带”讲，没有方向性。这里是“随身携带”的意思。 所以答案是D.
15．as用作连接代词，“按照，正如”的意思。引导宾语从句。 故选B。如果加个名词/代词作宾语（作先行词），再跟个定语从句，那么就选A 或C了。Like 是介词。故不对。
16. 这里考查动词短语的被动式用法。句子意思“木屋被大火所吞没”， 从时态语态上考虑，答案是C.
17. 这里是动词近义词的区别。Beat “鞭打，毒打”；feel “触摸，感觉”；drag “拖，拽”； strike “敲打，冲击”, 所以选A.
18．这里考查hope 动词的用法，一般状态动词没有进行时态。从后文的will 可知宾语是将来时，所以选一般现在时，答案B。
19． 这里与chance 的搭配只有seize, 表示“抓住机会”的意思，其他的动词都没有这样的搭配，所以答案B.
20．这里考查prefer的两个结构“prefer sth．to sth．和prefer doing．．to doing…的区别。句子为 “I prefer coffee to milk. But they prefer drinking juice to drinking soup.” 意思是“咖啡与牛奶我更喜欢咖啡，但他们喜欢喝果子汁胜过喝汤。” 所以答案选B。
21. 这里考介词短语的含义区别, in trouble “陷入困境”; in total “总共,总计”; in advance “事先”; ahead “在前,超出”(不需加介词). 从句子意思看, 应选A.
22.本题考查的是与fight搭配的介词的用法，“为……而和某人作斗争”应为fight against/with sb. for sth.。 答案：D
23.本题考查的是词组catch fire 和on fire的用法及区别。我们可以看出出题人想表达的句意思为“纸张很容易着火”，强调的应该是“着火”的瞬间动作，而不是“(火）正在烧”的状态，故要选择catch fire，而A选项结构错的，C的语态不对，不应用被动态。答案：B
24. 本题考查的是定语从句的关系代词的选择，首先从句子的结构可以看出“___ had been killed in the war”是“the old lady”的定语从句，先排除A和B项，而D项的语序显然是错的，应为all whose children。答案：C
25.本题考查的是find和一些感官动词后的复合宾语的各种形式。首先判断句意为“露西下班回到家时，发现她的丈夫正在厨房做饭而且所有的家务都已经被做完了。”所以，我们可以先排除C和D项，因为第二空之前的宾语“all the housework”和宾语补足语动词“do”之间是被动关系，应用过去分词表示被动，而第一空之前的宾语“her husband”和其宾语补足语动词“cook”之间是主动关系，并强调“cook”这一动作在“露西下班回到家时”正在进行，故用现在分词来表示。答案：A
26.形容词same之前，一般要有定冠词the，而且same 应与as连用。答案：D
27. 本句是一个含有介词加关系代词引导的定语从句的复合句。作“听说”讲时，应用hear of sth. / sb.，故关系代词which之前应用of。答案：B
28．本题考查的是地点状语从句。这句话的意思是“你应给让把东西放在能够再找到的地方成为一条规矩。where在该句中作连词，该地点状语从句相当于“in the place where you can find them again”的关系副词where引导的定语从句。答案：B
29.从busily一词和when引导的时间状语从句可知，“学生们正在忙于写字”，又因为“把书忘在办公室”这件事发生在“拿书之前”，所以要用过去完成时，这句话的意思是：“当布朗小姐去办公室拿她忘在那儿的书时，学生们正在忙于写字。”答案：D
30. 这里是考查情态动词的猜测语气用法，这里的时间是last night,对过去的猜测用“must have Vpp”, 后面for 引导的句子是根据，“因地上是湿的”。答案为B.
Unit 1 That must be a record!
1. settle an argument about…
2. a best-seller
3. send in
4. set down the records
5. keep track of
6. a length of 1.6 metres
7. an area of about 40 hectares
8. set a world record
9. celebrate Hong Kong’s return to China
10. stand out
11. in a row
12. in the first place
13. apply for
14. win the bid for the 29th Olympic Games in
15. over the past two decades
16. be fascinated to do sth.
17. burst into cheers
18. get a better understanding of China
19. try new tricks on …
20. capture the hearts and minds of people
21. be willing to do sth.
22. centre on
23. concentrate on
24. everything/ all goes well
Unit 2 Crossing limits
1. in the name of
2. take possession of
3. masses of fuel
4. do research on a state project
5. in exchange for
6. be taken prisoner
7. under the command of
8. set sail to / from / for
9. in return
10. in darkness
11. a large sum of money
12. bring up
13. in all
14. show respect for sb.
15. do observations
16. apart from
17. adjust to these extreme conditions
18. a couple of days
19. at such a great height
20. refer to
21. run out
22. have no chance of surviving
Unit 3 The land down under
1. a 10-day trip to Australia
2. stand for
3. a highly-developed country
4. as a consequence
5. have a strong influence on
6. transform… into
7. benefit from
8. differ from
9. heal its racial wounds
10. be forced to do sth.
11. sense of responsibility
12. be connected to
13. feed … on
14. give birth to
15. cover an entire continent
16. a wealthy country
17. round up
18. all the year round
19. be delighted to do sth.
20. on an open fire
21. off the northeast coast
22. have access to water
Unit 4 Green world
1. a bunch of flowers
2. classify … into …
3. base on
4. at first sight
5. develop a lifelong friendship
6. lead a cosy life
7. have / show an appetite for
8. look out for
9. on a large scale
10. make two more voyages
11. be involved in
12. year after year
13. pass away
14. name … after
15. lead sb. to do sth.
16. calculate the distance between
17. pass on from on generation to the next
18. form the belief
19. in view
20. adapt to the new environment
21. in detail
22. be involved in
Unit 5 Getting the message
1. hand in hand
2. accuse… of
3. large amounts of money
4. appeal to their emotions
5. take sth. into consideration
6. get the messages across
7. keep an eye out for
8. make good choices
9. 9 out of ten
10. take a critical attitude towards advertisements
11. with the purpose of
12. a series of
13. point out
14. make sense
15. at a loss
16. profit by / from
Unit 6 Going West
1. be more of a leader than a follower
2. be honest with
3. lose heart
4. take it easy
5. keep up
6. common sense
7. leave behind
8. by day / by night
9. pass through
10. be on one’s feet
11. be accustomed to
12. in anxiety of
13. reach the promised land
14. come to an end
15. a relay of dog teams
16. take up to 13 days
17. tie … up
18. at stake
19. go for
Unit 7 A Christmas Carol
1. care for
2. want all day off
3. leave alone
4. bring in profits
5. open one’s hearts freely
6. this very night
7. in want of
8. be badly off
9. be concerned with
10. display one’s deep sympathy
11. have no eye for the need
12. an immediate success
13. comment on everything
14. as follows
15. take one’s place
16. twice the size of
17. toast to the New Year
18. harmony with others
Unit 8 Learning a foreign language
1. come across
2. make progress
3. mother tongue
4. communicate with
5. make sense of
6. be equipped with
7. regardless of
8. in other words
9. self-confident
10. experiment with
11. everyday use
12. pile of homework
13. thanks to
14. be familiar with
15. in my teens
16. put an end to
17. all of a sudden
18. knock down
19. at various academic levels
20. stay in touch
21. broaden one’s horizons
22. fall behind
23. be concerned about
Unit 9 Health care
1. take measures to do sth.
2. a laid-off worker
3. have an income of
4. to make matters worse
5. take a bank loan
6. put extra pressure on the family
7. keep a healthy diet
8. live in poverty
9. make ends meet
10. look forward to
11. ready-made clothes
12. cure many diseases
13. a story of hard work
14. search for
15. clean up
16. in a good mood
17. set a goal
18. be effective in
Unit 10 American literature
1. at a time
2. attend to
3. worthy of the honour
4. take pride in
5. do up
6. a tear or two / one or two tears
7. works of art
8. come into being
9. side by side
10. be burdened with
11. fix one’s eyes on / upon
12. live through
13. be good to sb.
14. make mistake about
15. be upset
16. in tears
17. at length
18. put away
19. recommend … to
Unit 11 Key to success
1. stick with
2. on one’s own
3. have a part-time job
4. take evening classes
5. for the sake of
6. in reality
7. accomplish a task
8. a long period of time
9. attach to
10. be aware of
11. as with sports team
12. keep an eye on
13. guard against
14. take … into account
15. as a matter of fact
16. work on self-improvement
17. as a whole
18. be of great importance / value
19. carry out a survey
20. by means of
21. look back
22. congratulate … on
23. do make-up
24. in demand
25. live up to
26. hand-on experience
27. take a few deep breaths
Unit 12 Education
1. make a commitment
2. to begin with
3. drop out
4. take in many more students
5. a shortage of teachers
6. result in
7. attend school
8. be of benefit
9. in other aspects
10. take a hands-on approach to education
11. concentrate on
Unit 13 The mystery of the Moonstone
1. be set in …
2. live a sad, lonely life
3. in an act of revenge
4. fasten … to
5. the loss of such a valuable jewel
6. a wedding banquet
7. be shocked to do sth.
8. have no choice but to do sth.
9. pay a high price for …
10. lack of sleep
Unit 14 Zoology
1. again and again
2. go on
3. tell … apart
4. over and over again
5. a far-away place
6. in a straight line
7. come to light
8. be awarded a Nobel Prize
9. divide … into
10. be up to 1.2 metres tall
11. feast on sth.
Unit 15 Popular youth culture
1. give a short presentation about
2. a bad side to youth culture
3. graduate from
4. get a lot of satisfaction
5. open up
6. raise money for a good cause
7. sever the local or national community
8. fit in with
9. make the adjustment to
10. a great loss to all
11. out of fashion
12. have a reputation for
13. add … to
14. a symbol of
Unit 16 Finding jobs
1. a professional football player
2. a famous mid-field player
3. have good team spirit
4. as a paid member of staff
5. up to date
6. apply to
7. take responsibility for
8. a response to a specific question
9. a addition to the company
10. make a good impression
11. create a positive effect
12. hold back
13. be careful with
14. get on well with
15. set off
I. Speaking
1 need,dare作为情态动词常用于疑问句，否定句和条件句。肯定句用实意动词表示。实义动词可用于各种句式
He need to buy a new bike. 错 He doesn’t need buy a new bike.错 He need a new bike. 错
He needs to buy a new bike. 对 He doesn’t need to buy/needn’t buy对 He needs a new bike. 对
情态动词need后不能有to, 否定直接+not, 疑问句need提前。
need作实义动词时后面的不定式必须带to，而dare作实义动词用时, 后面的to可被省略,否定和疑问使用助动词do.
实义动词： need（需要, 要求） need + n. / to do sth
need 的被动含义：need, want, require, worth后面接doing表示被动：need doing = need to be done
名词：We in great need of help. There is no need for money.
2 consist of= be made up of由…组成/构成（后面接成分，成员） consist in在于，存在于
make up组成/构成；编造，捏造，虚构；弥补，把…补上；和解，和好；化装，打扮
3 be made of由…制成（后面接看得出的原材料） 主动语态 make…of用…制成…
be made from由…制成（后面接看不出的原材料） 主动语态 make…from用…制成…
be made into被制成… (后面接成品) 主动语态 make…into将…制成…
be made out of由…制成 （后面接原材料） 主动语态 make… out of用…制成…
be made in在某地被制造 be made by被某人或某厂制造
make use of利用，使用 make good/ better/ best use of好好使用/更好地使用/最大限度地使用
make full/ right/ proper/ poor/ little use of充分使用/正确地使用/适当地使用/没怎么使用
make the most/ best of充分利用/展示
4 have/ gain/ win an advantage over sb. have the advantage of sb.比某人有优势,胜过/优于某人
take advantage of利用/ 欺骗
5 have a chance to do sth. have a chance of doing sth.有机会做某事
II. Reading
1 lie/ be off the west coast of Europe位于欧洲西海岸附近/近海
2 a lot, a great/ good deal ①可起名词作用作主语，宾语 ②可起副词作用修饰动词作状语 ③可修饰比较级
主要用于肯定句，否定句用much I have a lot/ a great/ good deal to tell you. I don’t have much to tell you.
It snowed a lot/ a great/ good deal last year. She is a lot/ a great/ good deal better today
3 as much as多达，后面接不可数名词和表示度量衡等的复数名词。as many as多达，后面接可数名词
4 start/ begin with以/用…开始 end (up) with以/用…结束/告终 end up还有“有某种结局＂的意思
5注意 “ not ... until ” 强调句型的变化。见Unit1 Integrating skills
6 as well副词短语“也，还”用于肯定句，相当于too,一般放在句末。
as well as 既…又; 和…一样也; 不但......而且......(as well as 侧重前项，not only…but also…侧重后项)
He knows French, and he knows English as well. He gave me money as well as advice(建议).
Lily as well as the boys is from America. (as well as连接两个主语时，谓语动词跟前一个主语一致)
= The boys are from America. Lily is from America as well/ too.
= The boys are from America. Lily is also from America. 或. So is Lily.
= Not only The boys but also Lily is from America (not only…but also…采取就近原则)
The boys aren’t from America. Lily isn’t from America, either. 或 Neither/ nor is Lily.
7 of + 抽象名词=形容词 of importance = important of value= valuable of interest= interesting
of + great/much + 抽象名词 = very + 形容词 of great/ much help = be very helpful
of + no + 抽象名词 = not + 形容词 或-less It is of no use . = It is useless.
8 Don’t judge a person only on the basis of first impression.
Judging from/ by从…来判断 his accent, he must be from the South.
其他短语：stand for代表 as it is事实上, 实际上, 实际情况是, 按原来的/现在的样子 hold together 使结合在一起；使团结 in general一般地，大体地 generally speaking一般说来 have (an) influence on/ upon/ over对…有影响
throughtout the year=all through the year= all the year round一整年，一年到头 in modern/ ancient times在现/古代
base… on 将……建立在的……基础上 be based on以…为基础 on a… basis / on the basis of以…为基础
consider doing sth.=think about/ ofdoing sth.考虑做某事 consider… (as/ to be)…认为…是 ，被动be considered to…
go on/ make/ take a four-week trip进行一次为期四周的旅行 go on/ pay a two- day visit to进行二日游
make a travel plan制定旅游计划pass the exam考试及格/通过考试 fail (in) the exam考试不及格
III. Integrating skills
1定语从句与状语从句。关系副词where引导的定语从句有先行词， 地点状语从句前面没有。
Where引导的地点状语从句可以换成in/ at/ to the place+ where引导的定语从句。
I will go where I am most needed by my motherland.(地点状语从句) 我要去祖国最需要我的地方。
I will go to the place where I am most needed by my motherland.( 定语从句) 我要去祖国最需要我的地方。
Leave the book where it is. (地点状语从句) 把书留在它所在的地方。（别动那本书）
Leave the book at the place where it is. ( 定语从句) 把书留在它所在的地方。（别动那本书）
Put the book where it was. ( 地点状从) 把书放在它原来的地方。Put the book at the place where it was. ( 定从)
Where引导的名词性从句可以换成 the place+ where引导的定语从句
He lives ten miles from where I live.（宾语从句）他住的地方离我住的地方有十英里。
= He lives ten miles from the place where I live. ( 定语从句)
This is where he lives.(表语从句) 这就是他的住处。= This is the place where he lives.( 定语从句)
The station is a long way ____we are. A. in which B. from that C. from where D. from there
Plants of this kind grow best____ it is neither hot nor cold. A in which B where C in places D which
Where there is work, there is success.那里有汗水，哪里就有成果。Where在…的地方
Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者事竟成。
Where there is smoke, there is fire. 那里有烟，那里就有火。（无风不起浪）
He is such a good teacher as all of us love and respect.(as 引导定语从句)
He is such a good teacher that we all like him.(that引导结果状语从句,such…that… “如此…以致…”
2 如状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致(或从句的主语是it)，而且从句谓语中又包含be，主语和be动词可省略。
He looked around the room as if (he was) looking for something. Don’t talk while (you are) eating.
When (he was) asked how he gained first place, he suddenly became cheerful.
(You) Don’t come in unless/ until (you are) asked to( come in). 改错I saw the accident when waited for the bus.
(You) Don’t speak unless/ until (you are) spoken to. （主动 (You) Don’t speak unless/ until others speak to you.）whenever (it is) possible. 如果可能 if (it is) necessary如有必要whenever (it is) possible一有可能就
(类似的有: 现在分词或过去分词短语作定语，可以理解为是定语从句中将关系代词作的主语和be动词省略)
Do you know the man (who is) sitting under the tree. Is there anything (that has been) planned for tonight?
3在时间，条件状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时, 现在完成时代替将来完成时
(宾语从句该用将来时仍用将来时)
时间状语的引导词有when, while, after, before, as soon as, not…until, once, by；条件状语的引导词有if, unless
I don’t know if/ when he will come back. If/ when he comes back, I’ll tell him. 我不知道他是否/什么时候回来
I will go to bed as soon as the work has been finished. 如果/当他回来的时候，我会告诉他。
）1 We will go to the park____ tomorrow. A if it not rains B if it won’t rain C unless it rains D unless it will rain
）2 What will you do while your parents____ for the holiday ? A. will be away B. are away C. leave D. will leave
4修饰可数名词的量词few及a few , only/just a few (= very few) not/ quite a few (=many), many, a great/ good many
a number of及 a small/ large/huge/ big/ vast/great/good number of，large/huge/ big/ vast/great/good numbers of
修饰不可数名词的量词little及a little, only/ just (=very little) , not/ quite a little(=much), much, a great/ good deal of
a small/ large/huge/ big/ vast/great/good amount of，large/huge/ big/ vast/great/ good amounts of
既可修饰可数名词也可修饰不可数名词的量词有：some, any, lots of, a lot of, plenty of,
a small/ large/huge/ big/ vast/great/ good quantity of，large/huge/ big/ vast/great/ good quantities of
a great/ good many of them
5 feed vi. The sheep are feeding（吃东西） in the fields. feed/ live on以…为主食
vt. feed sb. on/upon/ with sth.= feed sth. to sb.用某物喂（养） 某人
其他短语：raise/keep sheep养羊 without doubt毫无疑问can’t bear doing/ to do sth.不能忍受做某事
employ oneself in/ be employed in/ engage (oneself) in/ be engaged in从事，忙于
be easy to approach(vt.), be easy of approach(n.)（地方）容易到达，（人）容易接近
He is easy to approach.他平易近人 approach sb. on/ about sth.为某事同某人打交道
the approach to通往…的途径; …的方法 think… to be= think of…as认为…是
(一)如何使用marry一词
(1)marry在大多数情况下是及物动词，需要宾语或用被动语态。
e.g.When did she get married?
她是什么时候结婚的？
(2)在有副词修饰时，marry可作不及物动词用。
e.g.She married very early.
她结婚很早。
(3)“和某人结婚”不能说“marry with sb.”，应该说“marry to sb.”也可以不与介词搭配，将marry用作及物动词。
e.g.She married a doctor.
or:She was married to a doctor.
她和一个医生结了婚。
(4)marry和get married都是非延续性动词，因此不能与表示一段时间的状语连用，表示结婚已有一段时间应该用be married。
e.g.They have been married for ten years.
他们结婚已经了。
(5)问现在的婚姻状态时，可以说“Is she married (or single)?”但不能说“Has she married?”
(二)keep一词用法小结
keep是高考常考词汇之一，其含义丰富，与其搭配的短语也很多，其主要用法如下：
用作及物动词
(1)保留，保存，保持，留下
e.g.We’d better keep a seat for him.
我们最好给他留个座位。
He kept all the money in the bank.
他把所有的钱都存入了银行。
(2)履行(诺言)，遵守
e.g.One should keep one’s promise.
一个人应当遵守自己的诺言。
Everyone must keep the law.
人人都必须守法。
(3)赡养，养活，饲养
e.g.He has a large family to keep.
他有一大家人要养活。
The old man kept many animals like dogs，pigs and cats.
这位老人养了许多动物，像狗、猪、还有猫等。
(4)经营，管理
e.g.He kept a hotel in this city.
在这座城市里，他开了一家旅店。
She is good at keeping house.
她擅长管理家务。
(5)保守(秘密)，记(日记、账)
e.g.Can you keep a secret?
你能保守秘密吗？
The boy keeps a diary every day.
这个男孩每天记日记。
(6)使……处于某种状态(情况)
在这种情况下，keep常跟复合结构(keep+宾语+补语)。用作宾语补足语的词有现在分词、过去分词、形容词、副词以及介词短语。
e.g.He kept me waiting for half an hour.
他让我等了半个小时。
Keep your mouth shut and your eyes open.
少说话，多观察。
The doctor kept me in for a week.
医生一周没让我出去。
He always keeps his books in good order.
他总是把书放得整整齐齐。
用作不及物动词
(1)保持，继续(处于某种状态)(keep为系动词)
e.g.Please keep quiet.
请保持安静。
We’re keeping in very good health.
我们身体非常好。
(2)(食物)保持良好状态。
e.g.Will this fish keep till tomorrow?
这鱼能放到明天吗？
keep构成的一些短语
keep(sb.)away(from sth.)(使)离开(某物)
keep sb.from doing sth.阻止某人做某事
keep sth.in mind记住某事
keep sb./sth. out(of sth.)不让……入内
keep back忍住(眼泪)，扣下，隐瞒
keep in touch with 与……保持联系
keep(on)doing sth.继续做某事
keep off远离，避开
keep up 保持(不低落)，继续
keep up with 跟上，不落在后面
(三)afford的用法
及物动词，其主要用法如下：
(1)“担负得起(……的费用、时间)”，常与can，could，be able to连用，表示“有足够的(时间、金钱等)条件(做某事)”。
afford +n./pron.
e.g.Now many people can’t afford the medical treatment in the country.
现在在农村许多人看不起病。
I can’t afford the time for it.
这时间我花不起。
afford to do sth.
e.g.Before liberation many people couldn’t afford to go to school.
解放前，许多人上不起学。
We can’t afford to buy this new house.
我们买不起这新房子。
(2)提供，供给，给予(正式用语)
afford sth.
e.g.The trees afford a pleasant shake.
这些树提供阴凉。
afford sb.sth./afford sth.to sb.
e.g.Reading affords us pleasure.
阅读使我们快乐。
History affords lessons to us.
历史给我们提供经验教训。
(四)关系副词when/where不能替代“介词+which”的场合归纳。
在定语从句中，when/where往往可以代替某些“介词+which”。
e.g.Tell me the time when/at which the train leaves.
告诉我火车发车的时间。
You’ll have some spare time when/during which you can learn English at home.
你会有些在家你可以学习英语的业余时间。
This is the school where/at which I used to study.
这就是我过去上学的那所学校。
Think of a place where/to which we can go for dinner.
想出一个我们可以去吃晚饭的地方。
但在下列情况下，when/where不能代替“介词+which”。
(1)当since，until，after，before+which时，不能被when代替。
e.g.I met Jack in 1980，since which I have never seen him.
我是在1980年见过杰克的，自从那时以来再也没见他。
He came back at ten，until which we worked.
他十点钟回来的，直到那时我们还在劳动。
He went to school at 8，before which he read English.
他八点钟上学，这之前他读了英语。
(2)当on，behind，in front of，through，from，beside，around+which时，不能被where代替。
e.g.I saw a desk on which was a book.
我看见一张桌子上有本书。
The house，in front of which there is a tree，is my home.
那所房子是我的家，其前有棵树。
This is the window through which the thief came in.
这就是贼从那进来的那个窗户。
I Teaching Aims and Demands
1.Words and expressions
1)words
honest; brave; loyal; wise; handsome ;smart; argue; solution; classical; Joe; match;mirror;gun;hammer;saw;rope;compass;movie;cast;TomHanks;ChuckNoland;survive;
deserted;hare;sorrow;feeling;boardjairplane;parachute;lie;speech;adventure; notebook; scared; e-pal ;Carolina; admit ;opinion
2）useful expressions
be fond of ;treat…as…; make friends with ;hunt for; in order to; share…with
2.Oral demand
Talk about friend and friendship in English
3. Grammar
1）the indirect speech led by if/what /who/where/how…
2）review the usage of nouns and articles
4. Written demand
write an E-mail about friendship
5.Moral demand
Teach the Ss how to get on well with friends and treasure friendship.
II Teaching method
Co-orperating teachong
III Study method
Self-study guided by the teacher
IV Teaching aids
Computer,tape recorder,slide shoe,etc.
V Teaching steps
Period 1
Step 1 1. Ask the Ss the following questions to review some
Warming up words they know to describe their friends:
1) Do you have good friends?
2) What do you think of them? / Why do you think he / she is your good friend?
3) What kind of people do you want them to be your friends ?
4) Are there any other words we can use to describe a friend?
2. Review and learn some useful words:
Appearance:
tall short thin fat strong slim beautiful pretty handsome(attractive, fair) smart (quick, bright)
Qualities:
kind kind-hearted / warm-hearted polite
helpful gentle noble
honest trustworthy frank openhearted
brave great full of courage / courageous
loyal true faithful to a friend dependable
wise clever bright learned
3. Ask the Ss to use the following sentences to describe themselves or their friends, first practise in pairs, then the whole class.
1) I think I am ______, ______ and _______.
I think I am ________ because I ________. So when you ______, you can _______.
2) I think he / she is _______, _______ and ________.
I think he / she is _______ because __________.
4. Go over Part 2 on Page 87. Ask the Ss to make sentences as the example.
Step 2 1. Listen to the tape and finish the three situations one
Listening by one. Then ask the Ss to check the answers with
their partners.
2. Go over Part 1 in Listening on Page 85.
3. Go over Part 2 in Listening on Page 85.
Step 3 Written work: Part 2 on Page 87 in the exercise book.
Homework Reading: Go over Speaking Part on Page 2 and finish
the table on Page 3.
Summary
Period 2
Step1 1. Ask the Ss to tell what they learned in the last period
Revision and their opinions about what a good friend should be.
2. Ask the Ss to tell if there was anything unhappy that once happened between them and their friends and how did they solved it.
Step 2 1. Ask the Ss to go over Part 1 in Talking on Page 85, Talking first in pairs, then in class.
2. Let the Ss say what patterns we can use to make
apologies.
You said that you would … Why did / didn’t you …?
You promised to … Why didn’t you …?
Please forgive me.
I’m very sorry. …It won’t happen again.
I’m sorry I forgot.
3. Go over Part 2 on Page 86, first in pairs and then
with the whole class.
4. Go over Part 3. First ask the Ss to complete the role
cards in pairs. Then check some cards in class. And then ask the Ss to work in pairs to act out.
Step 3 1. Go over Speaking part on Page 2 by checking the
Speaking list. First ask some Ss to read this part. Then check
The answers to the list.
2. Ask the Ss which of the six students they want to
make friends with and why.
3. Ask the Ss to discuss in groups of four: Are friends
very important in our life? Why?
Ask some groups to report the result of their discussion.
Step 4 Written work: Part 3 on Page 87.
Homework Reading: Many-flavoured friends on Pages 88-89, and answer the questions.
Summary
Period 3
Step 1 1. Suppose you are alone on a deserted (empty, no one
Pre-reading lives there) island. You have to survive (remain alive, try not to die) without friends and all the things you use in your everyday life. Which of the items (things, articles) in the box would be the most useful to you on the island? List three most useful items and explain why you think they would be useful.
2. Ask the Ss to discuss their answers in groups of four and then ask some of them to report their answers.
3. Talk about the movie post of CAST AWAY.
Step 2 Ask the Ss to read the passage and find the answers
Reading to the questions:
1) What is the movie about?
2) Who is Chuck?
3) What happens to Chuck one day when he is flying across the Pacific Ocean?
4) How many years has he spent on the deserted island?
5) What becomes his best friend there? Why?
Step 3 1. Ask the Ss to find the answers to the first three
Post-reading questions in Post-reading part.
2. Ask the Ss to discuss the fourth one in groups of four, and then report to the whole class.
Step 4 Check the answers to the reading material on pages Workbook 88~89.
Step 5 1. Listen to and read the text again and again.
Homework 2. Find out the difficult sentences and go over the
notes to this text.
3. Look up the word learn in the dictionary and try to
find out different meanings of it.
Summary
Period 4
Step 1 1. Ask the Ss to tell what they have learned from the
Review text.
2. Ask some of the Ss to read the text paragraph by
paragraph and paragraph. And at the same time ask them to point out the sentences they don’t understand.
Step 2 1. Ask the Ss to find out the following phrases in the Paraphrasing text:
on a deserted island, hunt for food, make a fire,
be alone on the island, become / be fond of …, treat sb as…, share happiness and sorrow, make friends with …
2. Ask the Ss to make sentences with hunt for, be fond of, treat ab as …
3. Ask the Ss to put the follow sentences into Chinese.
1) Chuck is a businessman who is always so busy that he has little time for his friends.
2) One day Chuck is on a flight across the Pacific Ocean when suddenly his plane crashes.
3) Perhaps the most difficult challenge is how to survive without friends.
4) In order to survive, Chuck develops a friendship with an unusual friend - a volleyball he calls Wilson.
5) … it is important to have someone to care about.
6) He also learns that he should have cared more about his friends.
7)… we must give as much as we take.
8) The lesson we can learn from Chuck and all the others who have unusual friends is that friends are teachers.
Step 3 Ask the Ss to think over and answer the question:
Discussing 1) How can a volleyball become Chuck’s friend?
2) The text talks about giving and taking. How do you and your friends give and take?
3) Does a successful man or woman need friends? Why or why not?
4) What do friends teach us?
5) Is it better to have a human friend or an unusual friend such as a volleyball, a pen or a dog?
Step 4 The usage of learn:
Word study 1. To gain knowledge or skill by study, experience or
being taught
learn a foreign language
We’re learning English now.
Have you learned how to drive a car?
One can learn from his mistakes.
2. fix in the mind or memory; memorize
Let’s try to learn the poem by heart.
3. realize; become aware
They learned that it was no use arguing with him.
4. know, get to know
They offered help as soon as they learned that we were in great trouble.
I learned of the accident only yesterday.
learn one’s lesson; learn a lesson from sb
learned a learned teacher
Step 5 Go over Part 1 in Vocabulary on Page 87.
Listening First go over all the words and ask some students to tell what these words mean and when we’ll use these words. Then listen to the tape and finish this exercise.
Step 6 1. Finish Word Study on Pages 4~5.
Homework 2. Go over the Grammar part on Page 5. Try to find out the difference between Direct Speech and Indirect Speech in statements and questions.
Summary
Period 5
Step 1 Go over this part by asking some Ss to read the ten Word study sentences one by one to check the answers.
Step 2 1. Ask the Ss to discuss the difference between Direct
Grammar Speech and Indirect Speech in pairs.
2. Summary:
In Statements
“I like reading adventure stories,” said John.
John said (that) he liked reading adventure stories.
“I don’t like computers,” Sarah said to her friends.
Sarah told her friends (that) she didn’t like computers.
In General Questions:
“Ann, have you see my blue notebook?” Peter asked.
Peter asked Ann if she had seen his blue notebook.
In Special Questions:
“How can you do that?” Mary asked Ann.
Mary asked Ann how she could do that.
“What difference does it make?” Peter asked Jim.
Peter asked Jim what difference it made.
3. Go over Part 1 on Page 5.
4. Go over Part 2 on Page 6.
Step 3 1. Go over Part 2 on Page 88.
Workbook 2. Go over Part 3 on Page 88 first in pairs, and then
check with the whole class.
3. Go over Part 1 by asking some Ss to write down
their sentences on the Bb.
Step 4 1. Review the reading material.
Homework 2. Finish all the exercises about the Grammar in this unit. And go over Parts 1 and 2 on Pages 177~180.
3. Ask the Ss to think about in what ways we can make friends with others.
Summary
Period 6
Step 1 Ask the Ss some questions and let some Ss report Revision these questions:
1) Do you want to study English? Why?
2) Why do you think English is very important?
3) What do you think a good friend should be?
4) Do you have any good friends?
5) How can we make friends with others?
6) Would you like to say something about one of your friends?
7) What do you often do together with your friends?
8) What do you think are good ways to make friends with a stranger?
9) Do you know how to make a pen friend or a pen pal?
10) Can we use the Internet to make friends? How to use it to make friends?
Step 2 1. Read the short passage on Page 6 and tell the main
Reading and idea of it.
Writing Questions:
1) What is a pen friend or pen pal?
2) What is an e-pal or key pal?
3) What is the advantage of e-mail?
2. Read the two e-pal ads and tell what kinds of
people do you think they are.
Jane: funny, humour, frank, openhearted, friendly
Jack: friendly, funny, humour, openhearted, honest
3. Go over the tips and then write an e-mail message.
And then check each other’s message with the
partner.
Step 3 1. Read the e-mail on Page 90 and tell what it is about.
Workbook 2. Talk about how to write a response.
Step 4 1. Go over Checkpoint 1.
Checkpoint 2. Ask the Ss to think about what they have learned in
this unit.
Step 5 1. Go over Learner Log on Page 90 to make sure that Assessing the Ss know what it means and how to fill in the
table correctly.
2. Go over Reflection and ask the Ss to finish the
sentences.
Step 6 1. Review the whole unit.
Homework 2. Write an e-mail to introduce yourself to an e-pal and send it to the teacher’s e-mail box.
Summary
Period 7
Step 1 1. Dictate the following passage and then choose a
Dictation title for it.
Pal Restaurant is one of the many restaurants where people come to eat, drink, talk and enjoy music. It is different from other restaurants because its owners are a group of college students.
1. ….
But 2. …. “We can’t stop them but we want them to put study in the first place.” Teachers do not support them, either. 3. ….
4. …. 5. …. 6. ….
But Lin Tao says they are doing OK.
Title: Students Running Bar
Study First or BUSINESS First?
2. Some words and phrases in the listening text:
solve a problem / problems, common problem,
get mad, communicate, in a different way,
deal with, apologize, apology, keep a secret,
in a difficult situation,
rumour 谣[流]言, 传闻
The rumo(u)r has turned out to be true.
这谣传结果是真的。
Step 2 Review the whole unit.
Summary
1 advantage n.优势, 有利条件, 利益.
(1)优势；长处
Mary speaks good English, but she has an advantage because her mother is English.
玛丽英语说得好，因为她有一个有利条件，她妈妈是英国人。
Many women think this is an advantage for men.许多妇女认为这是男人的优越之处。
(2)利益；便利
Is there any advantage in getting there early?早到那里是否值得?
常用短语：take advantage of利用很好地使用；利用：占…的便宜自私地获利；剥削：
take advantage of all educational opportunities.利用一切教育机会
took advantage of the customer.欺骗消费者
to advantage有利产生良好效果；有利于：
The roses were displayed to advantage in a blue vase.玫瑰插在蓝色的花瓶中，产生了良好的效果。
be of advantage to对...有利 to sb.'s advantage(=to the advantage sb.)
gain\have an\the advantage over胜过, 优于
give sb. an advantage over使某人处于更有利的地位
turn out to sb.'s advantage变得对某人有利
turn sth. to advantage使转化为有利, 利用某事物
with advantage有利地, 有效地
2 disadvantage n.不利；不利条件
His inability to speak English puts him at a disadvantage when he attends international conferences.他不会说英语，这使他在参加国际会议时于不利的地位。
His bad health is a great disadvantage for him to get a good paid job.
他体弱多病对他求得一个薪水很高的工作很不利。
(be) at a disadvantage处于不利地位
put sb. at a disadvantage使某人处于不利地位
to sb.'s disadvantage对某人不利, 使某人吃亏
3 conduct n.行为；举止；举动；品行
His conduct disagrees with his words.他言行不一。
vt., vi.行为；举止；为人；表现；处理； 经营；引导；实施
Your children conduct themselves well.你的孩子们表现甚佳。
My aunt conducts her business very successfully.我的婶婶把企业经营得很成功。
conduct an experiment做实验
conduct a survey进行侦察 conduct an opera指挥乐曲
常用短语：under the conduct of在...指导［管理］下
4 chargevt., vi.要价；索价；要人支付；收费
The fruit seller charged me too much money.这个水果商要了我很多的钱。
How much did he charge you for repairing the bicycle?他修理自行车收了你多少钱?
（与to, up to连用）记账；在帐册等上记入…
Don't forget to charge the money of the shoes to my account.别忘了把鞋钱记在我帐上。
（常与with连用）责令；公开指责；控诉
He was charged with stealing a car.他被指控偷了一辆汽车。
命令；使负责
She charged me to look after her daughter.她要我负责看管她的女儿。
（与with连用） 使负责
装满；充满：
charge a furnace with coal.往壁炉里装炭
（常与up连用）使充电Does your car battery charged easily?你那辆汽车的蓄电池容易充电吗?
常用短语：in charge of负责
The chief engineer was in charge of directing the building of the subway.
主任工程师负责指挥地铁的建造工程。
in the charge of sb.由某人负责, 由某人照料[管理]
at one's own charge(s)自费, 用自己的钱
take charge of负责, 看管
under the charge of在...看管[负责]之下
charge with控告(某人)犯(某罪)；[通常用被动态]给(枪、炮等)装上(弹药)；使承担
5 prove
vt.证明,证实prove sth.
prove that Facts have proved that the creative power of the people knows no limits.事实证明人民的创造力是无穷的。
prove oneself (to be) +adj./n.
He proved himself to be a great scientist.
link-v. prove (to be)+adj\n.
He proved a successful manager
The method / drug proved (to be) highly effective.这个方法/这种药证明是非常有效的。
The article has proved most useful.这篇文章证明非常有用。
He proved (to be) a doctor.他原来是个医生。
6 control
7 pick out挑选，选出：分辨从环境中辩认出；分辨出
picked out the best piece of silk.挑出最好的一匹丝绸
picked out their cousins from the crowd.从人群中认出他们的堂兄弟
pick on选择;（作挨骂或受罚对象）挑中（某人）
Why pick on me?为什么偏偏挑中我？
pick up捡起;获得;收听; 承载（客人，货物等）; 学得通过学习或经历获得（知识）：购买：染上（病）：不经意得到随便或偶然地获得：
pick up speed加速
My radio can pick up France.我的收音机可收听法国广播。
The bus picks up commuters at three stops.公共汽车在三个站载送通勤者
picked up French very quickly.很快地学起法语来
8 sense n.
官能, 感觉, 判断力, 见识, ...感, 意义, 理性
vt.感到, 理解, 认识
He has a good sense of smell.他的嗅觉很灵敏。
A sense of humour is a great asset for a person. (喻)幽默感是一个人的宝贵资产。
He sensed that his proposals were unwelcome.他觉得他的建议不受欢迎。
常用短语：in a sense在某一方面；就某种意义来说
in no sense决不是, 决非
make sense有 意义；意思清楚；有道理
make sense of理解；懂；明白
bring to one's senses使头脑正常[清醒过来], 开导某人, 使醒悟
there is no [some] sense in doing...做...是没有[有一些]道理的[意义的]
9 doubt n.怀疑；疑虑；未确定 [常用复]疑虑, 疑惧
There is no doubt that he is guilty.毫无疑问，他是有罪的。
I have (my) doubts about whether he is the best man for the job.
我怀疑他是否做这项工作的最好人选。
Please dismiss all doubts about it.请打消对此事的一切顾虑。
不信任；不相信We have no doubt of his ability.我们相信他的能力。
vt., vi.不确定；疑惑;不信任；怀疑看来…不会；不相信
I doubt that he'll come.我不相信他会来。
常用短语：beyond doubt[常作插入语]毫无疑问
throw doubt on对...产生怀疑, 使人对...产生怀疑
make no doubt(of) (对...)毫不怀疑;that)一定要设法确定
no doubt无疑地; [口]很可能
without (a) doubt无疑地
Unit 17
1 inspire 鼓励；激励
inspire sb. with hope激起某人的希望
I was inspired to work harder than ever before
.我受激励比以往任何时候都更加努力地工作。
inspire sth. in sb.使某人产生某种感情; 激发某人的某种感情
inspire sb. with sth.使某人产生某种感情; 激发某人的某种感情
inspire sth. into sb.把某种思想灌输给某人
2 mean adj.低劣的, 卑鄙的, 普通的, 吝啬的, 简陋的,不舒服的
vt.意谓, 想要, 预定 vi.用意, 有意义
I meant to give you this book today, but I forgot.
我本来打算今天给你这本书的，可是我忘了。
Peter's father was very mean; he never gave Peter any new clothes.
彼得的父亲很小气，他从不给彼得添新衣服。
He means this house for his daughter.他预定把这栋房子给女儿。
He was meant for [to be] a doctor.本来是准备把他培养成为医生的。
习惯用语：（1）be meant to do照道理[照规矩]应该必须；得要；
（2）Do you mean to say ...?你的意思是说...吗? 难道...吗?
（3）What do you mean by ...?你这是什么意思?
(=What on earth do you mean by ...?) 你怎么胆敢...? 你怎么竟然...?
（4）mean much [a great deal] to sb.对某人很重要; 对某人很可贵
（5）mean sb. for准备让某人干某工作
3 just in the corner
4 threaten vt., vi.恫吓；威胁
His father threatened to beat the boy if he stole again.
男孩的父亲威胁说如果他再偷东西的话，就要揍他。
预示…的恶兆；使有…的危险
The river of liquid rock threatened to surround him completely, but Tazieff managed to escape just in time.这股岩浆威胁着要将他团团围住,但泰哲夫还是设法及时躲开了。
5 die down渐弱，消退没劲了；平静了：
The winds died down.风渐渐平息了
die off相继死亡种群突然急剧的衰减：
Rabbits were dying off in that county.在那个地区的兔子相继死亡了，直至灭绝
die out灭绝完全的灭亡；灭绝：
tribes and tribal customs that died out centuries ago.部落和部落文化在几个世纪前就消灭了
6 regret n.遗憾, 悔恨, 抱歉, 歉意 vt.为...感到遗憾, 后悔, 惋惜, 哀悼, 懊悔 vi.感到抱歉
I regret spending so much money on a car.我后悔在一辆小汽车上花这么多钱。
I regret to say I cannot come.很抱歉，我不能来了。
He told me with regret that he could not come to the party.他很抱歉地对我说他不能来参加这个聚会了。
Much to my regret , I'm unable to accept your kind invitation.我不能接受你盛情的邀请, 非常遗憾。
express regret at [for, over]对...表示可惜[遗憾], 为...表示抱歉
7 value n 价值, 估价, 评价, 价格, [数]值, 确切涵义
vt.估价, 评价, 重视;尊重；珍视
What is the value of your house?你的房子值多少钱？
Your help has been of great value.你的帮助很有价值。
He valued the ring at $80.他估计这枚戒指值80美元。
I value your advice.我尊重你的劝告。
of no value没有价值的
value at估(某物的)价为
8 term n.学期, 期限, 期间, 条款, 条件, 术语
a term of office任期
to get a term of seven years in prison被判7年徒刑
He was made captain of the football team for a term of one year.
他被推选为足球队队长，任期一年。
(pl) 合同或协议书的条件、条款、细则
come to terms with与…达成协议
If you agree to my terms -- free meals and good wages - I will work for you.
如果你同意我的条件，免费用餐并给高薪，我就为你工作。
习惯用语：come to terms屈服; 妥协; 达成协议; 接受条件, 对...采取将就态度
during one's term of office在任职期间
in terms of依..., 据...; 从...方面; 从...角度来讲; 关于, 在...方面, 就...来说
in the long term从长远观点来看
in the short term就眼前来说
keep terms with sb.和...继续谈判, 与某人保持友好关系
9 promise
break [go back] one's [a] promise违背诺言, 违约
give [show] promise有希望, 有前途
keep one's [a] promise遵守诺言, 守约
make [give] a promise答应, 许诺
of great [high] promise大有希望的, 前程远大的
promise well很有希望, 前景很好
10 bear vt., vi.bore, borne, bearing
载运；带走负荷；负重;生（孩子）生产（农作物或水果）;忍受
Different trees bear different fruits.什么样的树结什么样的果。
He bears a grudge against me because I took his place in the office.
他对我怀恨在心,因为我取代了他在办公室里的位置。
to bear pain忍痛
bear with容忍；忍耐
We have to bear with his bad temper because he is a bit frustrated these days.
我们不得不容忍他的坏脾气因为这些日子他有点灰心丧气。
11 hang vt., vi.hung; hanging悬挂
to hang a picture on the wall把画挂在墙上
I hung my coat (up) on a hook.我把外套挂在挂钩上。
吊死hanged
12 fame n.名声, 名望 vt.(常用被动语态)使闻名, 使有名望, 盛传
ill fame丑名, 恶名
The city is famed for its scenic spots.该市以风景优美著称。
Famed adj.闻名的, 有名的, 出名的; 负有盛名的
be famed for以...出名
come to fame成名
Unit 18
1 settle vt., vi定居；使定居
My son has settled happily in America.我儿子已在美国愉快地定居了。
安置；安顿We are settled in our new home.我们住入新居。
落下；栖息The insect settled on a leaf.一只昆虫落在一片树叶上。
使平静，使安静，使镇静
Wait until the excitement has settled down.等到兴奋的情绪镇静下来再说。
决定，确定；解决
We have settled who will pay for the meal.我们已经定了由谁来付饭钱。
They settled the dispute among themselves.他们自己把这个争论解决了。
〈法〉和解
偿清，付还Please settle your account immediately.请立刻结清你的欠帐。
常用短语：settle one's affairs最后一次安排好自己的事
settle down安顿下来过稳定有序的生活：
He settled down as a farmer with a family.他与一家人安顿下来务农
平静变得不紧张或安静
settle for勉强接受尽管不完全满意也能接受：
had to settle for a lower wage than the one requested.不得不接受一个比所需低的工资
2 voyage n.航程, 航空, 航海记, 旅行记 vi.航海, 航行 vt.渡过, 飞过
journey trip tour voyage expedition都含“旅行”的意思。
journey 应用范围很广, 指“有预定地点的陆上、水上或空中的单程长、短途旅行”, 一般来说, 它着重指“长距离的陆上的旅行”, 如:
He decided to make a journey to New York by air.他决定乘飞机去纽约。
trip 为一般用语, 指“任何方式的, 从事业务或游览的旅行”, 往往着重于“短途旅行”, 在口语中, 可与journey 互换, 如:
He made a trip to the Great Wall yesterday.昨天他游览了长城。
tour 指“以游览、视察、购物等为目的的旅行”, 常含有“最后回到原出发点”的意思, 如:
He is going to make a round-the-world tour.他要周游全球。
voyage 主要指“乘船作水上旅行”, 也可指”空中旅行”, 如:
He got seasick during the voyage.在航行中他晕船。
excursion 指“娱乐性的短途旅行”, 如:
She went on excursion to the West Lake.她到西湖去游玩了。
expedition指“有特定目的的远征或探险”, 如:
They're going to make an expedition to the South Pole.他们要去南极探险。
3 possession
Un.有, 所有, 拥有; 占有
[pl. ]所有物; 财产, 财富;
a man of great possessions富人
personal possessions个人财产
How did you get possession of it?你是怎样得到它的?
He gave up possession of the house.他放弃了这房子的所有权。
常用短语：in possession of sth.占有某物
in one's [sb.'s] possession (=in the possession of sb.)(某物)为某人所占有[持有]
take possession of获得, 占有; 购得；占据, 占领
3 make up弥补, 虚构, 缝制, 整理, 包装, 和解,化妆；补足；组成
She made up her face to look prettier.她把脸化了妆以便看上去漂亮些。
The boy made up a story; it was not true.男孩编了个故事，这故事不是真的。
make up a bed整理床铺
make up for补偿
How can we make up to you for what you have suffered?我们如何补偿你所遭受的损害？
make up for lost time补回失去的时间
make over更改；修改〈法〉转让财产
Can you make over this old shirt?你能修改这件旧衬衫吗？
His wealth was made over to his children.他的财产已移交他的孩子们了。
make out勉强了解；开出，写（支票、账目等）成功；有（友好）关系；理解, 懂得
辨认出；声称；伪装；把…说成
He immediately sat down and made out a check.他立刻坐下来开了一张支票。
How did you make out with your classmates?你和同班同学关系如何？
He makes out he's younger than me.他声称比我年轻。
make of懂得；了解；解释
I can't make of what he wants.
make it及时到达；成功
make one's way前去；去
make into制成, 做成; 使转变为
make from [make up from]用...制成, 用...做成
4 relation n.关系, 联系, 叙述, 故事, 亲戚
Some of my relations, my mother's aunt and uncle, live in America.我有些亲戚，如我母亲的姑姑和叔叔，住在美国。
关系；联系the relation between wages and prices工资和物价的关系
in [with] relation to关于...,就...而论
have relations with和...有(某种)关系
make relation to提及..., 读到...
relationship n.亲戚关系
‘Do you know her relationship to that girl?’ ‘She's her sister.’
“你知道她和那个女孩有什么亲戚关系吗？”“她是她的妹妹。”
关系；联系The teacher has a very good relationship with her students.
这位老师和学生们关系很好。
5 beyond prep.在(到)...较远的一边, 超过, 那一边 adv.在远处
prep.在（到）…较远的一边
What lies beyond the mountains?山的那一边有什么？
晚于；超过This work is beyond my grasp.这件工作非我力所能及。
Don't stay there beyond midnight.不要过了午夜还留在那儿。
为…所不能及；多于；超出
Understanding this article is beyond my capacity.我看不懂这篇文章。
The fruit is beyond my reach.那个果子我够不着
It is beyond me.[口]我能力所不及; 我不能理解。
beyond sb.为某人所不能理解
6 off adv.离开, 在远方, 离去, 分离, 中断, 完成
prep.从...离开, 脱离
to drive off开走 cut off the gas关上煤气 Turn the light off.把灯关掉。
相距，隔着12 nautical miles off12海里以外 several years off隔好几年
不工作，休息 have Sunday off星期日休息
Keep off the grass.勿践踏草坪。
The ship was blown off course.船被吹离了航道。
We are going off the subject.我们离题了。
在离…海的附近an island off the coast of southeast东南沿海的一个岛屿
7 sign n.标记, 符号, 记号, 征兆, 迹象, 征候
v.签名(于), 署名(于)～, 签署
身势，姿势；信号He made a sign for me to follow him.他向我示意跟着他（走）。
告示；标语； 牌示，牌子The sign by the road said ‘No Parking'.路边的牌子上写着“禁止停车”。
迹象；征兆；征候There are no signs of life about the house.这房子没有有人住的迹象。
Sign mark都含“标记”、“征兆”的意思。
sign 系常用词, 指“具有一定含义的任何有形或无形的符号或标志, 它的表示可以是实物、表情、动作、文字、语言及任何痕迹或征兆”, 如:
There is a stop sign at an intersection .在交叉路口处有停车标志。
mark 指“为某一目的有意作的标记”, 也指“无意留下或自然形成的痕迹”, 如:
Suffering left its mark on his face.苦难的经历在 他脸上留下了痕迹。
补充
Unit 16-
10 recognize：用作动词，有以下义项：认出；承认；分辨出。
Eg. Though she changed so much, I recognized her at first sight.
They recognized him to be a great leader.
Do you recognize (=make out) his handwriting?
注意：recognize, realize和know的区别：recognize=know again; make out“认出；分辨出”；realize=come to know“意识到”；know“认识”
11 comfort：表示“舒适；安慰”时为抽象名词，表示“令人感到安慰的人或事”时为可数名词。Eg. He lives in great comfort. 他生活极为舒适。
It is a comfort to know that she is safe.得知她平安无事，是一个安慰。
comfortable adj. 舒服的。Eg. The chair is comfortable to sit in.
12 pick out：精心挑选；辨别出；
Eg. She picked out the shoes that match the dress.
Can you pick out your brother in the crowd? I managed to pick out the passage.
相关归纳：（1）pick at申诉；指责；吃一点点
Eg. His mother picked at him for being lazy.
The sick woman just picked at the food he brought.
（2）pick on选择某人
Eg. The teacher always picked on me to answer a hard question.
（3）pick up拾起；让乘客上车；驾车接某人；恢复；偶然得到；接收广播
Eg. I picked up the book on the ground.
I’ll pick you up at your home.
After staying in hospital for long, the patient was advised to go to the seaside to pick up his health.
It’s easy for my radio to pick up VOA English.
He picked up some French while he was away on a business trip in Paris.
（4）pick over慎重地调查；仔细地检查
Eg. He picked over a basket of apples.
13 bring out：使显示, 出版, 生产, 说出
Eg. Difficulties can bring out a person’s best qualities.困难可以显现一个人的最佳品质。
She has brought out two new books at the same time.
The company is bringing out a new kind of soap.
相关归纳：（1）bring up抚养；提出；呕吐
Eg. He has brought up five children.
He was ill and brought up his dinner.
（2）bring down使价格降低
Eg. I don’t know what brought down the price of clothing.
（3）bring about引起；导致=cause to happen
Eg. What brought about the forest fire?
（4）bring in引进；赚取
Eg. The new policy brings in a lot of new fashion.
The sale brought us in over $1000.那笔买卖使我们赚了一千多美元。
We have brought in a good grain harvest for three years on end.我们已经连续三年获得了粮食丰收。
(5）bring forward提出；提议;把…提前(= put forward)
We'll bring the party forward.我们要把晚会提前
Eg. Now I’d like to bring forward the question of funds.我现在提出资金的问题。
（6）bring back带回；使忆起
Eg. The landscape brought back my hometown which I had left five years before.
注意：bring out在表示“出版”的意思时，相当于publish，
为及物动词短语。而短语come out表示“出版”的意思时，为不及物动词，不能用于被动语态。Eg. When does John’s new book come out.
bring out生产；制造to bring out a new kind of soap生产一种新肥皂
使显露to bring out the worst in sb.使（某人）显露其最丑恶的一面
(7) bring off办成功
Though it was a very difficult job, Helen was able to bring it off successfully ahead of schedule.
尽管那项工作很艰巨,海伦还是成功地提前完成了任务。
(8) bring up教育；养育;提出；引出;呕吐
to bring up the question提出问题
(9) bring on引起；导致
Working out in the rain for a long time may bring on a fever.
在雨中工作很长时间可能使人发高烧。
The use of natural fertilizer can bring the crops on nicer than the use of chemical fertilizer.
使用天然肥料比使用化肥使庄稼长得更好。
14 “花费”的句型还有：sb. +spend +money/time +on sth./(in) doing sth.; sb. +pay money +for sth.; It takes sb. some time to do sth.; pay money for sth.; buy sth. for money
15 go on doing, go on to do, go on with, continue
go on doing sth.指继续做同一件事。
go on to do sth.指接着做另外一件事。
go on with sth.指继续同一件事，此时with后能接名词、代词，不能跟v.-ing形式。
continue继续同一件事，也可以是另一件事。该词有以下用法：a. continue +n; b. continue doing/to do; c. continue (to be) +adj.
Unit 17--18
13 admire：用作及物动词，主要义项有：赞赏；佩服；称赞等。
Eg. I admire him for his sincerity. 我钦佩他的诚实。
Don’t forget to admire the baby.不要忘了夸奖那婴儿。
其名词为admirer赞美者； admiration感叹；钦佩；赞美
注意：admire和envy的区别：envy的侧重点在于强调“羡慕和嫉妒”
14 turn to：转向, 变成, 求助于
Eg. He turned to me and said hello to me.
If you are in trouble, please turn to me.
相关归纳：（1）turn on/off开/关（电器、煤气等）
（2）turn up开大；调高（音量、煤气等）；露面
Eg. He hasn’t turned up yet. Will you turn up the radio?
（3）turn down关小；调低（音量、煤气等）；拒绝
Eg. Our request for a pay rise was turned down again.
（4）turn out关掉；熄灭；结果是；证明；生产
Eg. The day turned out fine.
It turned out that he had never been there.
The factory can turn out 1,000 cars a day.
（5）turn over翻地；翻身；翻倒；仔细考虑
Eg. The farmers turned over the soil with a fork to destroy the weeds.
He turned over in the bed and couldn’t fall asleep.
He turned it over in his mind.
（6）turn against背叛；反抗
Eg. For this many of his former friends turned against him.
注意：turn to短语中的to为介词，后面不能使用动词原形。相似的还有：devote…to…；pay attention to；refer to等。但是，He turned to go out.的意思为“他转身走了出去。
15 so far, as far as, so far as
so far“到目前为止”，常跟现在完成时连用。可置于句首，句中或句末。
as far as=so far as“直到；同样运的距离”，as far as既可用于肯定句，亦可用于不定句，而so far as仅用于肯定句，也可表示“就……而言，至于”，两者可互换。
Exercises:
(1). _____ we have learned English for six years.
(2). Your work has been good _____ this year.
(3). We didn’t go _____ the others.
(4). _____ I know he will be away for three months.
(5). He will help you _____ he can.
16 deal with, do with, do without
do with为及物动词短语。用于特殊疑问句时一般用what引导。含有“处理；处置”“对待（不用被动语态）”“以……将就（不用被动语态）”“放置（常用过去时或完成时态，不用被动语态）”“忍受（与cannot连用，不用被动语态）”等意思。
do without的意思为“没有……也行；将就”“用不着”。
deal with为及物动词短语。用于特殊疑问句时一般用how引导。主要义项有：对付；处理；论及……（和do with同义，主要区别在于特殊疑问词）；相处；与……交易（不用于被动语态）
Exercises:
(1). Your clothes are worn out. What did you _____ them?
(2). He didn’t know what to _____ the property his father had left.
(3). The new teacher didn’t know what to _____ the class.
(4). Butter was so expensive that we had to _____ margarine(人造奶油) in those days.
(5). What have you _____ papers for the meeting?
(6). I cannot _____ the loud noise.
(7). We cannot _____ a telephone in our business.
(8). There wasn’t any coffee left, so we had to _____.
(9). He knows well how to _____ children.
(10). I think the problem should be _____ quickly.
(11). This book _____ ancient history of China.
Unit 13
1 fever n.发烧；热度;狂热；兴奋
in a fever of excitement大为兴奋
be in a fever在发烧
send sb. into a fever of excitement使某人感到极度兴奋
2 energy n.精力, 活力; [pl. ]干劲, 劲头, 力气, 能力【物】能, 能量
be full of energy精力充沛, 精力旺盛
the sources of energy能源
an energy crisis能源危机
energy budget能源预算
force strength power energy都含“力”的意思。
force强调“力所产生的实际效果”, 如:
The law should remain in force.法律应当有效力。
strength 指“体力”、“力量”、“强度”, 如:
He is a man of great strength。他是 个大力士。
power 指“能力”、“权力”, 着重“行动所根据的能力或职权”, 如:
It's beyond my power.它超出了我的职权。
energy 原是物理学上的术语“能量”, 用于人时则指“精力”, 如:
He worked with great energy.他以巨大的精力工作。
3 choice n.挑选；选择；抉择
She had to make a choice between the two dresses.她得在两件衣服中选择一件。
She is the people's choice for Prime Minister.她是人民选出来的首相。
常用短语：a great choice of大量可供选择的 (物品等)
at one's own choice随意挑选, 自由选择
for choice凭喜爱, 根据选择
have no choice but[后跟动词不定式]非...不可, 除...之外别无他法
make a choice选择
without choice无选择地, 不分好歹地
choose vt., vi.chose, chosen, choosing
挑选；选择
Who did you choose as the new member of the construction committee?
你选谁当建设委员会的新委员?
She chose to study chemistry.她选择了学化学。
choose three from [among, out of] these books从这些书中选三本书
C-me a good hoe.替我选一把好锄头。
决定；拿定主意；愿意, 宁愿 [后跟不定式]
He chose not to go home.他决定不回家了。
His uncle chose to settle in the countryside.他叔父决意在乡下定居。
chose to fly rather than drive.决定乘飞机去而不是开车去
常用短语：as you choose随你喜欢; 听你的便
cannot choose but不得不,只好
4 fit adj.（与for连用）合适的，适宜的
a fit food for men对人合适的食物
This food is not fit for your visitors.这食物对你的客人来说不合适。
“After the interview, the employer concluded that she was fit for the job.”
面试后老板下结论说她能胜任这项工作。
健康的；结实的
Do you feel fit?你觉得身体好吗？
He runs to keep fit.他跑步为了保持健康。
vt., vi.-tt-合适；合身
Her new shoes didn't fit so she took them back to the shop and changed them for another pair.
“她那双新鞋不合穿,所以她去商店换了一双。”
Your clothes fit well.你的衣服很合身。
This coat's a beautiful fit to you.这件外衣对你非常合身。
安装；装备 fit。。。on。。。
to fit new locks on the doors给门装上新锁
使适合
Her height fitted her for basketball.她身材高适合打篮球。
辨析：match 多指大小,色调,形状,性质方面的搭配
fit 多指大小,形状合适
suit 多指合乎需要,口味,性格,条件,地位等
1)We must find carpets that’ll _________the curtains.
2)The new coat ________me well.
3) No one can ________her in knowledge of classical music.
4) He ________his speech to his audience
5 gain vt., vi.获得，得到
He quickly gained experience.他很快就有经验了。
Only after ten years in the country did she gain her citizenship.
她在这个国家住了十年后才取得了公民身份。
（常与in连用）获益，增加
He gained weight after his illness.病后他的体重增加了。
6 painun.痛苦；悲痛
His bad behaviour caused his parents a great deal of pain.
他的不良行为使他的父母感到非常痛苦。
cn痛；疼痛He had a pain in his head.他头疼。
He has pains / a pain / pain in the shoulders.他两肩痛疼。
cn苦恼；烦闷； 讨厌的人；讨厌的物；厌恶(只用单数)
She's a real pain.她真是一个令人讨厌的人。
(pl) 辛苦；努力“No pains, no gains.; No gains without pains.(谚)”不劳则无获。
We must give him sth. for his pains.我们必须给他点什么以便酬报他的辛劳。
常用短语：give sb. a pain[美]令人讨厌, 惹人生气, 使人感到不舒服
No pains, no gains[谚]不劳无获。
spare no pains不遗余力, 不辞劳苦, 全力以赴
take pains费尽力气, 煞费苦心, 尽力设法 with great pain煞费苦心地
7 bit n.小块；少许
There's a little bit of time left.只剩一点儿时间了。
He dug the garden bit by bit.他一点一点地挖园子。
片刻Wait a bit!稍等片刻！
I was just going out for a bit when my uncle came.我正打算出去一会儿,可我舅舅来了。
习惯用语：a bit (of)
有点；稍微The modern opera was a bit of a disappointment; we expected it to be much better.
这部现代歌剧有点令人失望,比我们想象中的差得多。
I'm a little bit tired. Let's take a short rest.我有点累了。让我们休息一会儿。
a bit (of) 一点儿也（不）I'm not a bit tired now.我现在一点儿也不累。
A: Sorry to have bothered you. B: Not a bit (of it).
甲:对不起,打扰你啦。乙:哪儿的话!
Really, David is not a bit like his brother as far as generosity is concerned.
的确,就慷慨大方这一点来说,大卫确实一点也不象他哥哥。
bit by bit一点一点地；逐渐地
8 advise
9 lie
10 base n.
底部, 基础, 根据地, 基地, 本部, 基数, (运动)出发点
vt.以...作基础, 基于...
adj.卑鄙的, 低级的，伪造的 a base coin伪造的硬币
That company has offices all over the world, but their base is in Paris.
这个公司的办事处遍布全世界，但本部在巴黎。
vt.based, basing（与on, upon连用）根据；基于
This news report is based entirely on fact.这篇新闻报导是完全根据实际情况写成的。
11 probable adj.
（常与that连用）很可能的；可能发生的；或然的
A storm is probable today.今天可能会有暴风雨。
It is probable that he has forgotten our appointment.很可能他是忘了我们的约会了。
likely possible probable意思都含“可能的”。
likely 系常用词, 指“从表面迹象来看很有可能”, 如:
a likely young man一个有希望的青年
She is not likely to come next month.她下月很可能不来。
possible 指“由于有适当的条件和方法, 某事可能发生或做到”, 强调“客观上有可能”, 但常含有“实际希望很小”的意思, 如:
It is possible to go to the moon now.现在有可能登上月球。
probable 语气比 possible 强, 指“有根据、合情理、值得相信的事物, 带有‘大概’、‘很可能’”的意思, 如:
l don't think the story is probable.我觉得那故事不大可能。
12 similar adj.相像的，相似的；近似的
My new dress is similar to the one you have.我的新衣服和你的那件相似。
All big cities are quite similar.所有的大城市差不多大同小异。
13 respect n.
（与of, for连用）尊敬；尊重
to show respect to those who are older尊敬长者
The students have great respect for their history teacher.
学生们非常尊敬他们的历史老师。
关心；注意to pay (have) respect to关心
(pl) 敬意；问候
Give my respects to your wife.请代我向你太太问好。
常用短语：in all respects无论从哪方面来看
in respect of关于；就…来说
pay one's respects拜访
without respect to不管；不考虑
with respect to谈到
give one's respects to向...致候
have respect for尊敬[重], 重视
have respect to牵 涉到, 关系到；注意到, 考虑到
out of respect for sb.出于对某人的尊敬
Unit 14
1 custom n.习俗；风俗;习惯
His custom was to get up early and have a cold bath.
他的习惯是早起，然后洗个冷水澡。
(pl)（用作sing.）关税
(pl)（用作sing.）海关
At the airport; the customs officers searched his case.在机场，海关人员检查了他的箱子。
Habit custom都含“习惯”的意思。
habit 指 “个人由于自然条件、社会环境、爱好或经常接触而导致习以为常的行为或特性”, 如:Smoking is a bad habit.抽烟是种坏习惯。
Habit n.（常与of和动名词连用）习惯；习性
to have habit of smoking during meals有吃饭时吸烟的习惯
It is not easy to break off a bad habit.要改掉一个坏习惯不容易。
custom 指“经过一段时期在某人、一国、一地区或一个社会中形成的传统的习惯或风俗”, 如:In China the custom prevails in eating dumplings on New Year's Eve.
在中国, 除夕晚上吃饺子的风俗很盛行。
2 allow vt., vi.允许，准许
Smoking is not allowed here.此处不准吸烟。
Allow me to introduce Miss Mary.请允许我介绍一下玛丽小姐。
The government servants aren't allowed to accept rewards.公务员不得接受酬谢。
给予；使得到
allowed him ￡1000 for expenses给他每年1000 英镑的开销
We must allow that he is a good teacher. (We must allow him to be a good teacher.)
我们应当承认他是位好老师。
allow for考虑；顾及
We must allow for his inexperience.我们必须考虑到他缺乏经验。
It takes about two hours to get to their office building, allowing for possible traffic delays.
考虑到路上可能遇到的交通耽搁,到他们的办公大楼大约要花费两小时。
allow of容许; 许可
The situations allow of no excuse.形势不容许拖延; 形势刻不容缓。
allow of no excuse不容辩解
3 opinion n.意见；看法
He asked his father's opinion about his plans.他征求爸爸对他的计划的意见。
In my opinion, you're wrong.依我看，你错了。
What's your opinion?你的看法如何?
常用短语：in one's opinion按某人的意见, 据某人看来
in the opinion of照...的意见
4 the common people老百姓 common knowledge常识
common characteristic共同特点 common beam标准天平； 标准
a common saying俗话
in common共同， 共同享有的， 共同使用的
in common with和…一样
out of (the) common不寻常的， 特殊的
common ordinary general都含“普通的”意思。
common强调“常见的”、“ 不足为奇的”， 如：Colds are common in winter.感冒在冬天很常见。ordinary强调“平常的”、“平淡无奇的”， 如：His ordinary supper consists of only bread and milk. 他通常的晚餐不过是面包和牛奶。general意为“普遍的”、“一般的”， 如：This book is intended for the general reader, not for the specialist. 这本书是为一般读者写的， 不是为专家写的。normal指“正常的”、“正规的”、“常态的”,
如:the normal temperature of the human body 人的正常体温
5 alive adj.活的，活着的
The fish we caught is still alive.我们捉的鱼还活着。
In most cases, both parents were still alive and still married to each other.
大多数情况下,他们的父母都还活着,而且仍然保持着婚姻关系。
活跃的
Although old she is still very much alive.她虽已年迈，但仍很活跃。
仍然存在的；仍然进行着的
The argument was kept alive by the politicians.政治家们还在继续争论那件事
alive with充满…的
The dead tree is alive with insects.这棵枯树上爬满了昆虫。
Living alive live意思都含“活的”。
living 用于生物时, 指“活着的”, 如:
Shelly was still living when Keats died.济慈死时, 雪莱还在世。
alive 指“活着的”、“在世的”, 着重于状态, 它用作表语, 或放有名词或代词后作定语, 如:
The spy was caught alive though he died from wounds the next day.
特务被活捉, 不过第二天便因重伤而死。
live 只用于物, 指“活的”, 如:
a live rat一只活鼠。
6 trick n.戏法；把戏；花样
窍门； 诀窍to learn the tricks of the trade
圈套； 诡计He got the money from me by a trick.他用诡计骗走了我的钱。
恶作剧 The children played a trick on their teacher.孩子们捉弄了他们的老师。
vt.（常与into连用）欺骗；坑人
He tricked me into giving him the money.他哄骗我给了他钱。
（常与out of连用）骗走
play a trick on a sb.诈骗某人; 开某人玩笑
trick sb. into [out of]骗人去...[骗取 ...]
7 give away背弃, 出买;泄露(秘密), 暴露; 赠送, 分送; 颁发
give off发出，放出(蒸汽、气味等)
give out分发;用完，用尽;精疲力竭; 公布，宣布；发表
Give the money out to the children.把钱分给孩子们。
Our food supply at last give out.我们的食物终于用完了。
His strength gave out.他已精疲力竭。
It was given out that he was dead.他的死讯已经公布。
give over交给，交付，交出
We gave him over to the police.我们把他交给了警方。
give in屈服, 投降, 退让(to);交[呈]上
give up放弃, 停[中]止;投降, 认输, 泄气
8 take in收留，收容（某人）；包括；囊括；包含；改短（衣服）；缩减尺寸；了解领悟；欺骗；蒙骗You can also take in some of the notable architectural monuments.
你也可以将一些著名的纪念性建筑包括在参观的项目中。
to take in a doctrine了解一种主义
take after相似She takes after her mother.她长得像她妈妈。
take back撤销；同意收回；同意回来
take for当作；误认为
We must not take it for granted that the board of the directors will approve of the investment plan.我们决不可想当然地认为董事会一定会批准这个投资计划的。
take off脱掉（衣服）
（飞机）起飞
The plane took off at three o'clock.飞机三点钟起飞了。
take on雇用；聘用；开始显现；变得有
Why don't you take on sb. your own size?你怎么不跟和你一样高的人较量？
Unit 15
1 missing adj.失去的, 不见了的, 下落不明的, 失踪的, 错过的
a couple of words missing缺的两三个字
There is a page missing.缺少一页。
2 would rather
3 after all in all above all at all
above all； after all； at all
above all意为“尤其是”、“首先”、“最重要的是”，常位于句首或句中，作插入语，起强调作用。如： But above all tell me quickly what I have to do．可首先快些告诉我该做什么。
A clock must above all keeps good time．时钟最重要的是必须走得准。
after all意为“毕竟”、“终究”、“终归”、“到底”，在句中位置较灵活。可位于句首、句中或句末。如： After all，your birthday is only two weeks away．毕竟，两周后就是你的生日。
He is，after all，a small child．他毕竟还是个小孩子。
He failed after all．他终于失败了。
at all用于否定句时，意为“丝毫；根本”，用于疑问句时意为“究竟；到底”，用于条件句时，常译为“当真；实在”。用于肯定句中，表示说话人的某种情绪或情感（如怀疑或惊奇等），意为“竟然”等。如：
He doesn’t like you at all．他根本不喜欢你。
Are you going to do it at all？你究竟做不做这件事？
If you do it at all，do it well．若你真要做这件事，就得做好。
I was surprised at his coming at all．他竟然来了，我很惊讶。
4 matter n.
事件, 问题, 物质, 内容, 实质, 原因, (印刷或书写的)文件, (文章或讲话等的)素材
vi. 有关系, 要紧
It doesn't matter if you are late.你如果迟到也没关系。
What does it matter ?那有什么关系?
It does not matter (if ...)(即使...也)不要紧
It doesn't matter about the price; buy it, whatever it costs.
价钱没什么关系; 不论多少钱都买。
常用短语：as a matter of fact实际上, 不瞒你说, 确实, 事实是
it is no matter that ...是无关紧要的
no matter不要紧, 没关系
the matter有问题, 有毛病
what matter if即使...又何妨
5 spend\cost\take 表“花费”的辨析
6 on one’s /the way to (doing) sth. 正在做某事的过程中
表示时间”临近”的短语: be approaching；be coming；be on the way
be around the corner；be at hand
by the way 顺便问一下 in the way 防碍，挡道 under way在进行中, 发生; 在航行中
in this/that way以这/那种方式 in many ways在许多方面
by way of途经by way of London途经伦敦 out of the way反常的；异常的
all the way一路上, 沿路从远处, 特地；自始至终
feel one's way谨慎小心地进行 fight one's way奋斗前进, 打开一条道路
force one's way挤(出去), 冲(出去) give way (to)让步; 退让；让位于
make one's (own) way前进, 繁荣, 兴隆; 发迹, 飞黄腾达
in a way有几分, 稍微; 在某一方面; 在某种意义上; 在某种程度上
in any way无论如何, 在任何情况下 in no way决不, 无论如何不
7 cost 1) n. 成本，费用
reduce the production cost降低生产成本
the cost of living生活费用
2) n. 代价
at all costs任何代价
at the cost of…不惜以…为代价
3) vt. 使失去(生命,健康等)
His carelessness cost him his life
costly : adj. expensive: 昂贵的
8 for this once (=for once, just for once)就这一次; 破例一回
once again再一次 once and again一再, 再三
once in a while有时, 间或, 偶而
9 call on号召；呼吁；邀请；拜访；请求I'll call on him tomorrow.明天我去拜访他。
call for需要；要求；值得：取; 接;
My chauffeur will call for you at seven.我的汽车司机七点钟会到你那儿去取
The occasion calls for a cool head.这种场合需要冷静的头脑。
call off取消
The meeting has been called off.会议取消了。
call up召集；动员；使人想起 (= call upon)传人到法庭; 应征入伍; 打电话;
call in 回收使退出流通：邀请
calling in silver dollars.回收银币 call in a specialist.邀请一个专家
call out召唤：大声喊叫; 召集; 命令(工人)罢工;
call out the guard.将卫兵集合起来
call by[口]顺便到...去一下; 顺路访问
call over点名
10 pay off还清；偿清；结清工资解雇（某人）；成功
Our plan certainly paid off; it was a great idea.
“我们的计划当然成功了,那是个很好的主意。”
pay back报复 (= pay off, pay out, serve out)
I'll certainly pay you back for what you did to me!
“你那样对待我,我一定要回敬你的!”
偿还；偿付
How can I pay you back for all your kindness?你的这番好意我该怎么报答呢?
11 attend vi., vt.注意；留意出席；到场
attend school上学
attend a lecture听讲课
attend church去教堂
attend (at) a wedding出席婚礼
attend on护理, 侍候, 陪伴, 伴随
attend to倾听, 注意, 留心；关心, 照顾, 护理; 办理
Phrases:
1. the then director of the Guiness Brewery
2. settle an argument
3. conclude that-clause
make/draw a conclusion
4. be popular with
5. hire sb to do sth
=employ sb to do sth
6. ever since
7. send in
8. set down the records
9. keep track of
10. in other ways
11. sth be put into different categories
12. amazing feats
13. live to be 100 years
14. reach a length of 10 meters
15. 10 meters long
16. blance a thing weighing 100 kilogrammes on his head
17. with an area of about 10 hectares
18. the most remote city
19. celebrate Hong Kong’s return to China
20. stand out
stand for
21.a moving life story
22.the fastest average speed
23.Impressive as the record is, it fades next to the story of Armstrong’s struggle against disease.
24.the then No.1 cyclist in the world
25.be diagnosed with cancer
26.mean the end of one’s career
27.go on to do sth
28.six years in a row
three times in a row
29.the same … that…
the same … as…
eg. This is the same pen as I lost.这只笔跟我丢的那只一样。
This is the same pen that I lost.这是我丢的那只笔。
30.lead sb to do sth导致/带领/使某人做某事
31.in the first place
32.be entertained by…
33.deeds and facts
34.be out to do sth 决心/企图做
35.make for interesting reading算的上是有趣的读物
make for good health对健康有好处
36.set a record创下一个记录
37.be dangerous to sb
38.contact sb
39.if all goes well,…
40.apply for the record
apply to sb for the job
41.inspect your attempt
42.a world record holder
43.try new tricks 尝试新的花样滑板
44.on the park’s skating ramp 在公园溜冰场
45.head down to sp 朝某地方走去
head for sp 前往某地方
46.hang ten玩滑板
47.a skilful skateboarder
48.give sb one’s permission
49.hold a grand opening 举行一个盛大的开幕式
50.see what it was all about 看个究竟
51.be around
52.sb be familiar with sth
sth be familiar to sb
53.be willing to do sth
54.overcome one’s fears
55.certer on
56.have fun
It is fun for sb to do sth 对于某人来说做某事是有趣的
57.fly through the air 在空中穿梭
58.wear helmet
59.enjor every minute 每分钟都很开心
60.a strong feeling of friendship
61.start a club 创办一个俱乐部
62.a new generation of sports 新一代的运动项目
Unit 1
1. 胡须；络腮胡子(n) 44.首先；第一；原先(p)
2. 钢丝(n) 45.突然猛烈地发出(p)
3. 八字胡(n) 46.将某人当中心(p)
4. 结束时说；达成；结束(v) 47.专心致志于(p)
5. 运动员的；体格健壮的(a)
6. 叙述；帐目；帐户(n)
7. 合适的；恰当的(a)
8. 长度；长(n)
9. 检查；视察(v)
10. 证实，确认(v)
11. 证明书(n)
12. 逐渐的；渐变的(a)
13. 空白；空隙(n)
14. 吸引；俘获；占领(v)
15. 熟悉的(a)
16. 因素；要素(n)
17. 头盔；安全帽(n)
18. 精力充沛的；充满活力的(a)
19. 外向的；爽直的(a)
20. 小心的；谨慎的(a)
21. 登记；注册；记录(v)
22. 航行者(n)
23. 峡谷(n)
24. 版本；版次(n)
25. 啤酒厂(n)
26. 租用；雇佣(v)
27. 技艺；功绩；伟业(n)
28. 公顷(n)
29. 凋谢；褪色；变弱(v)
30. 尝试；努力；试图(v)
31. 热情的；热心的(a)
32. 十年(n)
33. 委员会(n)
34. 迷住；使神魂颠倒(v)
35. 地球仪；球体(n)
36. 斜坡弯道(n)
37. 熟练的(a)
38. 滑板(n)
39. 管理；行政（机关）；经营(n)
40. 许可；同意(n)
41. 寄送某处进行处理(p)
42. 记下，写下；让某人下车(p)
43. 一个接一个地；连续不断地(p)
Period 1 Listening and speaking
仁化二中 王雪琼
Teaching Aims
1. To train the students’ ability of listening and improve their spoken English .
2. Talk about different kinds of music .
3. Practice giving advice and making suggestion .
Teaching important points :
1. How to improve the students’ ability of listening and their spoken English .
Teaching difficult points :
1. How to grasp the words of the song .
2. How to talk about different kinds of music .
3. How to give advice and make suggestions .
Teaching Aids
A media computer
Teaching methods
1. Individual work , pair work and team work .
2. Feeling and setting happily blended method .
Teaching Time 45 minutes
Teaching procedures
Step 1. Lead in
1. Greet the students .
T : Good morning boys and girls .I am happy to be your English teacher today. I’m Miss Wang . I hope we can get on well with each other in this class.
T :What is the weather like today ?
S :It’s raining .
T :It’s really cold .You should put on more coats.
T :When is Christmas? Do you like Christmas?
S :December the 25th is Christmas .We all like it .
T :Me too .Because we can receive a lot of presents.
2.Play the song YESTERDAY ONCE MORE and COUNTYR ROADS TAKE ME HOME to the students. Introduce some information about the songs to the students.
3.Tell the students that we are going to talk something about music. Ask them some questions.
T : Do you like music?
S : Yes .I like it.
T : Which song do you like best?
S : I like YESTERDAY ONCE MORE best.
T : There are many kinds of music. Different places have different music.
Step 2 . Warming up
1. Look at the map in the textbook and talk about different continents and different countries in the world.
Show the Ss. more maps and pictures and let them know the diversity of the world.
2. Listen to the music on the tape. Where do you think the music comes from？Ask the student one by one.
music: 1 Russia music: 2 South America music:3 Asia
music: 4 Africa
3. Discussion
⑴ Which piece of music do you like best why ？
⑵What makes you think this music comes from ？
characteristics
（3）What are the differences between the songs you have heard？
Styles , rhythm ,instruments.
⑷Can you guess what the songs are about？
Step 3. Listening
1. Introduce the songs to the students. They are different kinds of music.
2. After listening let the Ss. do the team work and ask one of each group to report after their discussion.
1).what would be a good title for the song？
Music 1:Happy Christmas Music 2:Father and son
Music 3: Dedicated follower of fashion
2).What is the song about ？
Music 1 is about Christmas . Music2 is about a father and a son . Music3 is about fashion .
3).How does the song make you feel？Happy /soft /exciting
4).Do you like the song？I like it very much .
（1=not at all 10=very much）
5).How would you describe the song？
Step 4. Speaking :
1. Create a dialogue to go over the sentences we have learned about asking for and giving advice in unit 7.
T : I have some problems these days. I really need your advice. Would you like to help me？
S1 : Sure
T : Thanks. Christmas is coming .I want to send a gift to my friend. Can you help me decide what to buy for her？
S1 : Maybe you could buy….. ？
T : That’s a good idea. But what advice can you give me, S2？
S2 : How about ……？
T : My friend likes music very much .Especially folk songs .
S3 : Why not buy her a John Denver’s CD？
T : A good suggestions. Thank you .
2. Revision
Making suggestions and giving advice
Maybe we could.....？
Can I ask for some advice ？
How about …. ？
Why not .....？
3. Play the tape to the students. Answer the questions after listening.
1).How many people are there in the dialogue ?Who are they ?
Three . They are Joe ,Susan and Peter.
2).what kind of music does Peter love?
He loves Rock music
3).what is Joe going to buy for Peter ?
He loves Rock music
3. Pay attention to some sentences.
Can you help me decide what to buy for Peter’s birthday？
That’s a great idea.
I’m not sure.
4. Let the students practice the dialogue for three minutes and act it out .
Step 5 Exercise
1.Finish the following dialogue.
John： Hi Lily! Tomorrow is the Teacher's Day. We'd better buy some gifts for our teacher.
Lily ：That's a good idea . What do you want to buy?
John：I'm not sure .Oh, yes, Mr. Wu loves music. Maybe we could buy him a new CD.
Lily： What kind of music does he love ? Popular or classical?
John ： He loves folk songs.
Lily ： How about buying him a CD ?
John ： Yes, That's a good suggestion ! .He will love it .
1.I'm not sure. 2.That's a good suggestion ! 3.How about buying him CD?
4 .That's a good idea . 5.Maybe we could buy him a new CD.
2.If time is enough , let the students act the dialogue out .
Step 6 Summary
1. Talk about different kinds of music
2 .How to give advice and make suggestions
Making suggestions and giving advice
Maybe we could.....？
Can I ask for some advice ？
How about …..？
Why not .....？
Step 7 Homework
1. Use the following situation to create a dialogue
Student A
Your classmate needs your advice. Please help him or her to decide what to do.
Student B
You have been asked to select songs for a radio program on Children's Day in your school. You need help to decide which three songs you should choose.
2.Review and preview the lesson.
附 幻灯片说明
1． Unit 11 The sounds of the world 课 题
2． Goals 学习目标
3． Singers’ pictures and songs 歌星图片和两首歌 《昨日重现》和《乡村路带我回家》
4． Maps and answers 五大洲地图及答案
5． Discussion 讨论三首歌的四个问题
6． Listen and answer 听和说
7． Making suggestions and giving advice征求意见
8． Answer after listening .听后回答
9． Speaking 说
10． Practice the dialogue 练习对话
11． Exercise练习
12． Summary小结
13． Homework作业
14． 谢谢观看
二零零三年十二月
