以下是小编整理的八年级下英语课件(共含12篇),希望能够帮助到大家。同时,但愿您也能像本文投稿人“leavemealone”一样,积极向本站投稿分享好文章。
教学目标:
1语言目标:掌握本单元词汇,听懂、掌握谈论读书的语言材料。
2 技能目标:能听懂语言材料,掌握听的技巧;能就阅读方法提建议,掌握阅读策略;能读懂介绍名著的文章。
3 情感目标:通过开展角色表演等活动,培养学生阅读兴趣。通过本单元的阅读,培养学生的文学鉴赏能力,陶冶思想情操。
教学重点
(1) 短语: hear of, be like ,go out ,full of, finish doing sth., be about, grow up,put down, hurry up, arrive on this island, make a boat, bring back, give up, wait for, cut down, build a house, kill…for food ,the marks of another man’s feet, who else, see sb. doing sth., run towards, help sb. do sth., name sb.…,teach sb. sth., be interested in ,can’t wait to do sth., used to, fight over, return home ,on the radio, make sb. do sth., think about, come to realize ,ever since, the home of, such as, belong to, be kind to sb., trust one another, remind sb. that…,have been to, do research on ,hope to do sth. introduce …to
(2) 句子:Have you ever read Little Women yet?
What’s it like?
Oliver Twist is about a boy who goes out to sea and finds an island full of
treasures.
Steve, have you decided yet which book to write about for English class?
Although I have lost everything, I have not lost my life.
How long have they been here?
So I will not give up and I will wait for another ship.
Not long after that, I saw some cannibals trying to kill two men from a broken ship.
One of them died, but the other ran towards my house.
I named him Friday because that was the day I met him.
Every time she is in the library, Sally looks at the many books she hasn’t read yet and can’t wait to read them.
When Sarah was a teenager, she fought over almost everything with her family.
Ever since then, she has been a fan of American country music.
It reminds us that the best thing in life is free….
Sarah hasn’t been to Nashville yet, but it is her dream to go there one day.
He’s sold more than 120 million records.
Have you introduced the singer to others?
(3)语法:现在完成时
教学难点:现在完成时与一般过去时的区别.
课时划分
Section A1 1a – 2d
Section A2 3a-3c
Section A 3 Grammar Focus 4a-4c
Section B1 1a-2e
Section B2 3a-3b Self check Summary
Section A1 (1a – 2d)
Step1 Presentation
1a Look at the picture. Have you read these books? Check (√) the ones you know.
___ Alice in Wonderland ___ Little Woman
___ Treasure Island ___ Olive Twist
___ Robinson Crusoe ___ Tom Sawyer
Step 2 Learn the new words
treasure, island, classic, page, hurry, due
Step 3 Listening
1. 1b Listen and complete the chart.
Book
Title Name Have they
read it? What do they think of it?
Treasure Island Nick ×
Judy √ exciting
Robinson Crusoe Sandy ×
Alan √ wonderful
Little women Kate √ fantastic
Harry ×
Step 4 Speaking
1c Practice the conversation. Then talk about the other books in 1a.
Examples
A: Have you read Little Women yet?
B: No, I haven’t. Have you?
A: Yes, I have already read it.
B: What’s it like?
A: It’s fantastic.
Step 5 Listening
2a Listen. Who has read these books? Circle the names.
1. Treasure Island Mark / Tina
2. Olive Twist Mark / Tina
3. Robinson Crusoe Mark / Tina
4. Tom Sawyer Mark / Tina
Keys: 1. Tina 2. Mark Tina 3. Mark Tina 4. Tina
2b Listen again. Write T for true and F for false.
1. Oliver Twist is about a boy who goes out to sea and finds an island full of treasures. ( )
2. Robinson Crusoe is a classic. ( )
3. Tina thinks that Treasure Island is a fantastic book. ( )
4. Tom Sawyer is about a boy who lives in the United Kingdom. ( )
Keys: FTTF
Step 6 Speaking
2c Use the information in 2a and 2b to talk about the books.
A: Has Tina read Treasure Island?
B: Yes, she has. She thinks it’s fantastic.
A: What’s it about?
B: It’s about….
2d Role –play the conversation
Step 7 Language points and summary
1. Oliver Twist is about a boy who goes out to sea and finds an island full of treasures.
《雾都孤儿》是一个男孩去海边发现一个充满珍宝的岛的故事。
full of 满是……的;(有)大量的
e.g. The area is full of beautiful lakes and rivers.
这个区域有大量美丽的湖泊和河流。
2. Have you at least read the back of the book to see what it’s about?
至少你已经读过书的背面,了解了它的大致内容吧?
此句中的动词see表示“(通过查看、打听等)弄清、了解;查看、发现(信息或事实)”。作这种用法时,see常接how, what, when等引导的宾语从句。
e.g. He agreed to go with me to see what was wrong.
他同意跟我去了解一下毛病出在哪里。
First of all, we need to take some time to see how it works.
首先,我们需要花些时间了解一下它是如何运作的。
3. You should hurry up. 你需要加快速度。
hurry up 赶快;(急忙)做某事
e.g. Hurry up, or we cannot get to the railway station on time.
快些,否则我们不能按时赶到火车站了。
4. Steve: …The book report is due in two weeks. 读书报告两周后必须交。
Amy: Yes, I know… 是的,我知道…
1) due adj. 预定;预期;预计
后边引出预期的时间、地点等,还常常构成短语be due (to do something)或be due (for something)。
e.g. Our plane is due at Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport at 12:30.
我们的飞机预计于12:30降落在上海虹桥国际机场。
Rose is due to start school in January.
罗丝一月份就要开始上学了。
You are due for a medical examination next month.
你的身体检查预定在下个月。
2) I know表示说话人对所谈的观点、内容已了解,无需多说,相当于汉语中“我早知道了;我全都了解”这样的意思,区别于许多日常交际场合中表示“我明白了;我知道了;我懂了”的用法。
e.g. A: It’s already very late. You should get some rest.
已经很晚了,你应该休息了。
B: Well, I know. Thanks.
对,我是知道的。谢谢。
注意,当我们获知对方提供的信息后,常用I see. 表示“我知道了;我明白了;我懂了”。
e.g. A: He lives in the countryside but works in the city during the week.
他住在乡下,但工作日在城里上班。
B: Oh, I see.
哦,我知道了。
有效教学的关键是在教学中抓好每一个环节,每一个环节都要做到务真务实,正所谓:扎实方能有效。在教学中,我们要以有效备课为先导,以有效课堂教学为核心,以有效课堂训练为考核,以有效教学反思为切入点,以有效辅导为保障,将这些环节有机的结合起来,形成一个系统的教学模式,做到环环紧扣、节节验收,这样才能使教学真的有效起来。
1、以有效备课为先导
备课是整个教学活动的先导,是上好每一节课的关键和引领,是上好每节课的起点和基石,所以教师必须做好有效备课。备课通常分为两种,一是个人备课,一是集体备课。个人备课能体现一个老师的个性化特点,它体现的是一名教师的文化素养、艺术魅力、驾驭教学的功底,是针对自己所教班级的特点而设计出的完美流程,但个人备课具有一定的局限性和片面性。这就要通过集体备课来补充、完善。集体备课是教师们互相学习、互相讨论、互相享受的过程。它能帮助教师解决教学中遇到的难题,完善备课过程中的疏漏,激发上课教师的思维火花,从而形成一节尽善尽美的教学。集体备课必须针对个人备课进行,是对上课教师在备课中的学习目标、学习方法、学习活动等方面进行点拨与完善。要做到个人备课与集体备课的完美统一。在整个备课活动中一定要扎实、有效,不能走形势、摆花样、看热闹,所有参与集体备课的每一名教师都必须高度认真负责。也许你的一个不经意的想法,会给上课教师一个意想不到的启发。只有这样,我们的备课才能有效,从而备出一节最佳教案,为下一步的课堂教学打下一个坚实而又有效的基础。
2、以有效课堂教学为核心
课堂教学是我们整个教学活动的核心,是体现有效教学活动最直接、最明确的环节。我们已经具备了一节完美的`教案,那么如何在课堂上将这节蕴含许多教师辛劳的成果完美的演绎出来,就显得格外重要了。课堂教学是整个教学活动的重中之重,是能否达到有效教学的关键所在。所以在课堂教学中要时刻以有效教学理念为指导,确保学生在预定的时间内学会该学会的知识、方法、技能并受到情感的熏陶。课堂是师生进行沟通交流的主渠道,是学生学会学习的主阵地,是取得有效教学成果的主战场,我们要坚决不二地向40分钟要质量。如果在这40分钟里要不到质量,那你就可能要花费若干个40分钟来挽回。这样,我们的教学还有“有效性”可言吗?在课堂教学中,教师要根据实际的情况,学生的发展动力,适时调整教学方法,不可对备课按部就班,要适时而动、适时而变。正所谓“将在外,军令有所不受”。一切要以有效为核心,一切要以有效为目的,从而使我们的课堂真正有效起来。
3、以有效课堂检测为考核
课堂检测是小学课堂上必不可少的一个重要环节,可有许多教师都忽略了它。课堂检测的作用主要体现在以下几个方面:第一,课堂检测可以巩固我们当堂所学的概念知识等;第二,可以提高学生的学习能力;第三,可以让学生获得学有所用的成就感;第四,是检验本节课教学是否达到“有效性”的最佳方法。只有通过课堂检测,才能知道学生是否学会本节课的知识。这样,我们教师才能做到心中有数。课堂检测并不是盲目的做题,而是教师要根据本节课的教学目标,精心设计出符合本节课内容的练习题,必须做到题题有意义。通过检测,教师可以掌握学生的学会程度和存在的问题,为课后辅导有了针对性的准备。
4、以有效的教学反思为切入点
教学反思是一种寻找不足、发现闪光,从而再总结、再分析、再学习、再提高的思维活动过程。它是有效教学的切入点,是有效教学的生长剂,它可以再一次地促进、推动有效教学活动。所以,每一位教师都应该认真、谨慎地对待教学反思。教学反思可以不断地丰富我们的教学经验、改进我们的教学策略。著名教育家叶澜教授曾经说过:“一个教师写一辈子教案不一定成为名师,如果写三年教学反思,则可能成为名师。”可见,教学反思在我们教学活动中有着非常重要的作用。我们可以反思点睛之笔,在今后的教学中加以运用;我们可以反思意外收获,丰富我们的教学经验;我们可以反思失败之处,避免在今后的教学中犯同样的错误。教学反思是一个循环再生的过程,可以弃其糟粕、取其精华,完善自我、超越自我,使我们在今后的教学活动中做到游刃有余、胸有成竹。
5、以有效的课后辅导为保障
教师的“教”可以做到百分之百,而学生的“学”绝达不到百分之百。在一节课中,总会有个别学生学不会或某个知识没弄懂,这时教师可根据存在的问题做到有效辅导。课后辅导是保障有效教学的最为有效的方法。在教学中,某一环节出现了问题,我们可以通过辅导来弥补和完善,从而使教学活动的有效性延续下去,而不至于中断。辅导的方式教师可根据具体情况制定切实有效的辅导方案,可通过集中辅导、个别辅导、学生捆绑等方式有效地解决课堂上出现的问题,从而使学生得到更进一步的发展。要想真正做到教学的有效性,“教”与“辅”必须有机的结合起来,“教”是“辅”的引领,“辅”是“教”的保障,教辅结合才能使教学活动的有效性持续不断地发展下去。
八年级下英语写作课件
写作思维的训练可以在很大程度上改善一个人的口语表达能力(发音练习除外),一个英语写作好的人,口语相应来说也不会差到哪里去,下面为大家分享了八年级下英语写作的课件,一起来看看吧!
一、教学目标
通过练习写作,让学生进一步学习巩固写日记的格式和时态,并掌握关于日记的写作方法及策略。拓展学生的知识面,充分挖掘学生的潜能,培养学生学英语的兴趣。便于学生全方位地了解英语国家的文化背景,提高他们的学习水平。培养学生欣赏英语国家文化的能力和创新能力;培养学生良好的道德品质和人文素养;培养学生的国际参与意识和跨文化交际能力;发展学生的个性,提高他们的基本素质。
二、教学内容 书面表达
请根据以下图片的内容以及所提示词,假如你是康康(kangkang),写一篇日记。字数在 80个左右,并注意日记的格式。
三、教学方法
讨论、示范、练习、同学之间互改、教师反馈。通过练习写作,让学生进一步巩固写日记的格式和时态,从而培养学生形成正确的写作方法及策略。通过写作,让学生进一步巩固写日记的格式和时态。 培养学生正确的.日记写作方法及策略
四、教学环节
step1 . review
1. ask the students to read michael’s diary of his trip to the ming tombs in 1a , section d ,topic 2 , unit 6 , grade 8.
2. ask the students to pay attention to the form of the diary. 3. ask the students to talk about the forms of the diary. 4. leading:
do you know how to write a diary ? when we write our diaries , what should we pay attention to ? we should pay attention to the forms of the diary. we should use the past tense , except that , we should pay attention to what we mainly write . we usually write the following: what we saw ; what we did ; who we met ; how we felt and so on .
step2. presentation
1.show the pictures to the students and ask the students to talk about the pictures.
2. ask the students to say some sentences about the pictures.
3. ask the students to write some sentences by using the words and expressions given.
4. go camping
1) run after a goat
2) get lost
3) help him get back
5. teach something about the diary.
march 17th,thursday rainy
today, i still went to my mother’s office. my mother was very busy, so was my father. they always live in beijing. they work hard every day. so i should save my money. and i can help them with housework because i am one of my family. in the future, i will take a job and work. but now i should study hard.
讲解:
1)日记格式。一般是在左上角记上当天的日期(月、日、年或者日、月、年)、星期的排列顺序,星期写在日期之后;右上角写上当天的天气情况,表示天气情况的形容词,如:fine(晴朗的),cold (寒冷的),snowy(下雪的),sunny(晴朗的),rainy(多雨的),cloudy(阴天的)等。
2)人称。写日记时,人称通常是用第一人称。
3)日记常用的时态。日记中所记述的事情通常发生在过去,常用一般过去时。但文章中如果要描述未来的一些情况时,可以用一般将来时。
step3. practice
1ask the students to say some sentences about the pictures.
2. ask the students to write some sentences by using the words and expressions given.
3. write down the diary and check the mistakes in your own diary .
4. read the other students’ diary, and find out its mistakes and then correct them.
5. show the good passage to the students.
step4. sum-up
6.ask one or two students to sum up the important points in this lesson.
1).the forms of a diary
2).the tense we should use
3).what should we write when we write a diary ?
2. let the students discuss the following question: what should we do when we are lost?
step5. project
1. read another one student’s diary, and find out its mistakes, and then correct them.
2. write a diary. pay attention to the forms of the diary.
五、教学评价方式
包括自身评价和学生评价。初中英语写作的目的是让学生能够根据所提示的相关信息,充分发挥学生自身的想象力,表述与表达事实、自己的观点,同时能够让学生根据相关信息进行交流,并培养学生良好的写作习惯。所以本人在设计这节课目的是为了让学生进一步学习巩固写日记的格式和时态,并掌握关于日记的写作方法及策略。为了实现这一教学目的,本人使用了讨论、示范、练习、同学之间互改、教师反馈等一系列教学方法,并设计了一些比较实用的教学任务活动,如:让学生针对图片进行讨论图片中的信息,并根据所给词汇加以造句,使学生能够针对所给信息进行交流,从而提高学生的语言表达能力;通过展示范文并让学生讨论一些写日记的格式和时态,最后由老师加以总结,以进一步突破本节课的知识重点、难点;并设计了让学生讨论一些我们迷路的时候我们应该怎么做这一活动,以培养良好的解决一些日常生活问题的能力。在导入新课的时候,本人是借助于学生讨论的基础上,采用了问题式、设问的方式,过渡衔接极为的自然。通过学生之间的互改,能够充分发挥学生的主观能动性,并培养学生良好的合作精神。在对学生的写作进行反馈时,本人适当地运用了一些简单的表扬式和鼓励式的评价策略,对学生优秀句子充分给予肯定,并加以推广,以提高学生学英语的积极性和主动性。在布置作业时,本人设计了让同学们去改一篇其他同学的日记和写一篇关于自己的日记,以进一步培养学生良好的写作习惯,进一步学习巩固写日记的格式和时态。
当然,这一节课也出现了一些不足的地方。比如,由于学生英语基础不一样,在互改活动中出现一部分学生没办法完成活动项目;同时在时间的安排上还有一定的欠缺,所以没有时间展示学生的一些优秀文章。
教学设计
1.整体设计思路、指导依据说明
本节课的设计主要依据教材内容及五年级学生的年龄特点,充分体现新课标下倡导:让学生在教师指导下,通过感知、体验、参与和做等方式实现任务型目标,感受“成功”的理念。
2.教学背景分析
教学内容分析:本科位于五年级下册第二单元,第二部分,在掌握了四个季节,并初步学会了表达自己最喜欢的季节及原因的基础上,完成本篇阅读理解,回答相关问题,进一步提升至写作,谈论自己最喜欢的季节。
3.学生情况分析
五年级学生已学习两年多的英语,在听说读写方面具有一定能力,但让学生将本单元所学的简单表达连贯的完成一篇写作,对学生来说有一定难度,需在本课中进一步引导、练习。
4.教学目标分析
本单元知识和能力目标:要求学生能够用英文表达四个季节以及每个季节可以做的事情,按照正确的意群及语音、语调朗读相应对话及短文,并能将所学内容应用于实际生活。本节课的教学目标为:学生能够在图片的帮助下读懂短文并能完成短文下面所给题目;能够理解lots of,everywhere的意思,能够按照意群朗读短文;最后用写作的方式来介绍自己最喜欢的季节。
情感态度、文化意识目标:要求通过本单元内容的设计,能够拉近学生与自然界的距离,培养学生热爱大自然,增强环保意识。
学习策略目标:学生能够在教师的引导下再次谈论最喜欢的季节,并应用于写作。
5.教学重点、难点分析
教学重点:体现在能读懂“Read and write”部分及选择和填空任务,复习本单元的主要词汇和句型。
教学难点:综合运用本单元的核心词汇和句型进行写作
6.教学方法选取 :任务型教学和PWP阅读教学模式
7.教学过程设计
步骤1:Warm up: Sing the song:four seasons
设计意图:在愉悦的氛围中复习核心句型,导入新课并做阅读前的铺垫。
步骤2:Revision
Free talk:
T:What can you do in spring/summer/autumn/winter?
S:I can ...
设计意图:复习本单元涉及到的短语,为本节课做准备。
步骤3:Presentation.
Listen and answer the question:Which season do Robin like?
设计意图:初步感知文章大意,也是对听力的一个练习。
步骤4: Answer the question according to the passage.One picture by one picture.
设计意图:通过分段阅读,并回答每段预设的问题,来获取更多的信息,更进一步理解短文。
步骤5:Fill in the blanks together.
设计意图:考查对本篇短文的理解,同时通过改写填空的方式初步感知对四个季节的总体描述。
步骤6:Listen and repeat.
设计意图:练习对本篇短文的朗读。
步骤7:带学生说自编chant.
设计意图:既是课堂氛围的一个调节,又对本篇阅读做一个总体描述。
步骤8:两人一组讨论自己最喜欢的季节。
设计意图:为写作做准备。
步骤9:记者采访。
设计意图:对讨论结果的`一个展示,并为写作做准备。
步骤10:写作:My favourite season.
设计意图:写作练习。
Homework:
Talk about your favourite season.
8.教学评价设计
评价内容:对学生课堂回答问题,学生的总体课堂表现,学生上课期间合作学习的效果进行评价。
评价方法: 教师对学生进行语言鼓励,奖励Sticker;
学生互相评价,用手势语言赞扬或鼓励彼此 ;
课后让学生选取优秀作文,老师做最后的精选,粘贴在学习园地,供大家交流学习。
8.板书设计
Unit2 B Read and write.
I like sping Because beautiful flowers
summer paint a picture
autumn lots of snow
winter white everywhere
教学设计
一、教学目标
语言知识:掌握本课的单词及植物四个重要组成部分的作用。
语言技能:在听录音时有目的的获取所需关键信息。
语言运用:能阅读有关这篇植物的短文,进行简单的阅读技能训练。
情感态度:能通过谈论植物,让学生掌握植物各部分的作用,并且对植物的重要性有所了解。
二、教学方法: 任务教学法,学生中心教学法,多媒体教学 ,学案
三、教学重点及难点:掌握植物各部分的作用。
四、教学手段:录音机、卡片、多媒体。
五、时间:45分钟
六、教学过程:
Step1: 组织教学
Step2: 导入新课Ask the students: How many plants can yo name?
(让学生尽可能多的说出植物名称)
Then ask: How many parts do plants have? (引出新课)
Say: In lesson 10 we can find the answer.(2分钟)
Step3: Task1:(3分钟) Listen to the tape and fill in the blanks.(听力材料见学案)
Task2: Reading:(10分钟)
Read passage1-passage5 and answer the following questions.
(问题见学案。在讲解问题答案时边看屏幕上的画面边讲解,
同时讲解一些学生不懂的句型,另外在讲解第二个问题时,
展现另一个画面,说明below和under及above和over的区别。)
Task3: Ask two students to read passage1-passage5. Correct the prounciation.
(2分钟)
Task4:Read passage1-passage5 again. Fill in the form.(表格见学案)(5分钟)
Task5:Ask the students to draw a plant and tell the plant parts and what they are for. Ask two students to say theirs.(6分钟)
Step4: T: 1. Today we have learnt plant parts and what they are for. Every day we eat many plants, such as: vegetables, rice wheat and so on. But we eat different parts of these plants. For example, a carrot is a root, we eat the leaves of cabbage.(展现胡萝卜和洋白菜的图片。)
Now work in pairs and fill in the form.(表格见学案。)
2. Ask a student to read the last passage . Explain the use of “billion”.
(屏幕上出现两个句子,让学生说出它的用法。)
There are 60 billion people in the world.
Billions of people eat rice. (5分钟)
Step5: Summary: Ask the students to say what they have learnt in lesson 10.(4分钟)
Step6: Close your books and do the exercises.(7分钟)
Step7: Homework:1.Write a passage to introduce a kind of plant.
2. Prepare Lesson11.(1分钟)
Step8: Class is over.
板书
above over
below under
billions of
八年级下英语unit1课件
一. 用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. They have a lot of tall since 3 years ago.(build)
2. It’s (possibly) to finish such a difficult task in a very short time.
3. Tom seems ( go skating) tomorrow. But he is very of the life.(bore)
4. My cousins both want to be great (science) so that they can make those
(predict) clear. They will try to stop people from making ( 更少污染)
5. That astronaut was not with that truth..(pleasant)
那个宇航员对那个令人不快的事实感到很不满意。
6. Tom takes five days (teach) that parrot==Tom spends five days (teach) that parrots
7.Many scientists are trying to make robots (walk), it’s difficult for them (finish)this
8.We all know that (predict) the future can be diffficult and many (predict) never came true.
9. Tom (is) a computer programmer in 7 years.
10. We should try our best to use people and money to do more work.(few/ little)
二.写出下列短语
1. 三只电动牙刷three 2。 太空站
3。 好几百只鹦鹉 of 4。在未来 the
4. 形状不同的巨大的机器人 robots different
5. 实现梦想 realize the dream===make the dream
6. 驾飞船到月球 to the moon. 7. fall in love with
8. 穿戴更随意些 more 9。Be the same as 反义be different
10. 活到200岁 live two hundred years old.
11. 通过电脑在家学习study at home
三.重点句型1have fun doing sth.
【句型介绍】 意为“做某事有乐趣”,其中have fun 相当于enjoy oneself,表示过得愉快。【句式比较】 have a good / nice / wonderful time doing sth. / with sth.
Did you have a good / nice / wonderful time visiting that country?访问那国家你们快乐吗?
另表“做某事费力”have trouble/ difficulty/ problems/ a hard time doing sth./ with sth.
【特别提醒】 句中fun及trouble 为不可数名词,前不能用冠词。可用great、much、a lot of,lots of等修饰。
习题 1.it’s fun (swim)in the sea, we had great fun (go swimming)there.
2. what fun they had (visit) that amusement park.
3. Noneknows what great trouble we had (find)your house.
4. We had fun playing computer games. 我们玩电脑游戏很愉快。
2 英语中集体名词,如family, class,team等作主语时,若作为一个整体看,其后的谓语动词用单数;若强调其组成成员,谓语动词用复数。类似还有police和the+形容词表一类人时
My family is a happy one. My family are all watching TV.
3 在比较级中,要注意than后面人称代词的格。
1)当句中的谓语动词是不及物动词时,than后代词用主格还是宾格,意思上通常没有区别。如: He runs faster than I / me. 他跑得比我快。
They get to school earlier than we / us every day. 他们每天都比我们到校早。
2)句中谓语动词是及物动词时,than后面人称代词用主格还是宾格在意思上就有差别了。试比较: I like you more than he. (=I like you more than he likes you.) 我比他更喜欢你。
I like you more than him. (=I like you more than I like him.) 你和他相比,我更喜欢你。
在比较句型中,than后面的谓语动词常常省略。也可以用相应的助动词来代替与前面相同的谓语动词,以避免重复。如:
Tom does better at the lessons than I (do). 汤姆功课比我好。
She ate less than I (did) for breakfast. 她早饭吃得比我少。
4. 不定式作定语时,应放在被修饰词的后面,一般指一个还没有发生的动作。
如: Do you have anything to say about this? 有关这件事你有没有什么要说的?
5. You'd better ... 是You had better ... 的缩写形式。 had better 为固定短语,意为“最好......”,后接动词原形,常用来提出建议或劝告,其否定形式是“had better not + 动词原形”。You'd better not stay there too long. 你最好别在那里呆得太久。
6. Such作形容词,意思是“如此的”“这样的”,修饰各种名词。
Such这样的。如It is such bad weather.天气如此恶劣。
Such常和表示结果的that从句搭配,表示“如此….以至于…”如
It was such a hot day that we all had to stay at home.
Such…that…和so…that…都可用来引出一个结果状语从句。由于such是形容词,所以that从句前有一个受such修饰的名词;而so 是副词,用以修饰形容词或副词,因此that从句前一般不出现名词。如
They are such kind-hearted teachers that people in the village all respect them.
The exam was so difficult that many students failed to pass it.
a)如名词是可数名词的单数形式,such和so位置不同:
such+a/an+形容词+单数名词=so+形容词+a/an+单数名词即such a nice girl=so nice a girl
b) 如果名词是不可数名词或名词复数,只可用such,不能用so.:
such+形容词+不可数名词或复数名词,如:such good weather, such clever kids
c)如果被修饰的不可数名词被much, little, 或复数名词被many, few等表示量的形容词修饰时,用so,不用such.
语法要点一般将来时的用法:1)表示将要发生的动作或情况;2) 不以人的意志为转移,肯定要发生的事情。The day after tomorrow will be National Day.后天是国庆日。
3. in/after:in是指以现在时间为起点的“在一段时间以后”。也可以表示“在将来多少时间之内”,句子中的谓语动词要用一般将来时态,对此提问用how soon
after常指以过去时间为起点的“一段时间之后”,所以它与过去时态连用。当after指某个特定的未来时刻或日期之后,或指以将来某一时间为起点的.若干时间之后时,它可以与将来时态连用。用”be going to +动词原形”也可表示将来时,表示将要发生的事,打算或决定要做的事。
4.more, less, fewer的用法区别:more为many, much的比较级,意为“更多”,可修饰可数与不可数名词。Less是little的比较级,意为“更好,较少”,修饰不可数名词。Fewer是few的比较级,意为“更少”,修饰可数名词复数。
【注意】few, little表示否定“几乎没有”==hardly any或not many/not much。
a few==several a little表示肯定“一点,几个”= a bit of ……。
5.would like sth意思为“想要某物“; would like to do意思为“想要做某事”。回答would like句型的一般疑问句时,其肯定回答为 “Yes, please.”;否定回答“No, thanks”或 “I’d like /love to, but….”
d) 当little表示“年纪小的”时,可用such+little+名词。
单选题( ) 1. It ________ us nearly a whole day to finish the work.
A. used B. cost C. took D. spent
( ) 2. There is ________ water in the jar, is there?
A. few B. little C. a few D. a little
( ) 3. This basket is ________ than that one. You can carry the light one.
A. more heavier B. much heavy C. much heavier D. very heavier
( ) 4. It’s polite ________ the old. We should learn from you.
A. of you to help B. for you to help C. of you helping D. for you helping
( ) 5. There are three ________ students in their school.
A. thousands of B. thousand of C. thousands D. thousand
( ) 6. There ________ an important meeting this afternoon. All of you should attend it.
A. will have B. will be C. will hold D. has
( ) 7. —________ will you come back from your work, Dad?
—In about half an hour, dear.
A. How long B. How often C. What time D. How soon
( ) 8. The boss makes the workers ________ long hours every day.
A. work B. to work C. works D. working
( ) 9. We had fun ________ the robots do many different kinds of things.
A. to watch B. watched C. watching D. watches
( ) 10. —Will you please ________ do that?
—OK, I won’t.
A. won’t B. not C. don’t D. can
11. 凯蒂不能参加运动会了。
Kitty ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ take part in the sports meeting.
12. 昨天有好几百人来我们学校参观。
___________ ___________ people came to visit our school yesterday.
13. 彼得在上海找到了一份工作,他不得不在那里独自生活。
Peter finds a job in Shanghai, so he has to ___________ there___________.
14. 我们家乡的污染没有以前严重了。There is _______ _______ in our hometown than before.
15. 十年后你会是什么样子?
What ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ in ten years? 根据要求完成句子(5分)
61. There will be a sports meeting this weekend. (改为同义句)
There ___________ ___________ ___________ be a sports meeting this week.
62. I think Sally will be a doctor in five years.(对画线部分提问)
___________ ___________ you think Sally ___________ ___________ in five years?
63. There will be fewer people in 100 years. (改为一般疑问句)
___________ there ___________ fewer people in 100 years?
64. There won’t be any paper money. (改为同义句)
There will be ___________ ___________ money.
65. My classmates often help me learn English. (改为同义句)
My classmates often ___________ me ___________ my English. 从方框中选择合适的句子完成对话。(有两项多余)(10分)
David (D) and Tina (T) are talking about what they are going to do in the future.
T: What are you going to do after leaving school?
D: I like to visit different places. (71) __________
T: (72) __________
D: Of course I do.
T: That’s good. You are good at spoken English. (73) __________
D: Really? I’m trying to learn it better. (74) __________
T: Maybe I’ll be a PE teacher. I feel like playing all kinds of games with children.
D: (75) __________
T: Yes. I hope my students will like me.
D: Good luck!
A. What do you want to be?
B. Do you like traveling?
C. Is that right?
D. It seems that you’ll enjoy your work.
E. Are you going to be a teacher?
F. I am thinking about becoming a guide.
G. Great. I will be proud(自豪的) to be a teacher.
书面表达(10分)
假如你是Jack,你有一个梦想,希望将来你家能有一个叫Superman的机器人帮你做很多事情,还可以和你一起玩。请展开想象,以My dream为题写一篇80词左右的短文。
My dream
I’m Jack. I’m dreaming of a more relaxing life in the future.I will buy a large apartment for my family, I hope I can have a robot called Superman. It will help me clean the room, cook the meal and feed my pet dog. It will be able to play soccer with me. If I am hurt or ill, it can look after me well. The robot will be one of my best friends. I also want to be an astronaut and fly a rocket to the moon,and if possible I will live on a space station. I think my dream will come true some day.
过去进行时
a)过去进行时由“was/were+动词ing形式”构成。以动词work为列,
b)其肯定式,
c)否定式,
d)疑问式以及简略答语见下表:
肯定式:I/He/She/Itwasworking.We/You/Theywereworking.
否定式:I/He/She/Itwasnotworking.We/You/Theywerenotworking.
疑问式和简略答语:WasIworking?Yes,youwere.
Washeworking?No,hewasn’t.
【注意】wasnot常简略为wasn’t;werenot常简略为weren’t
e)过去进行时的用法:过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。这一特定的过去时间
f)除有上,
g)下文暗示以外,
h)一般用时间状语来表示
not…until直到…才。
表示动作在某时之前尚未开始,直到此时动作才开始。not…until可以用after或when来代替,但主句谓语动词要用肯定形式。Until为连词时后接时间状语从句,until作介词时,后面接表示时间的名词。Until用于肯定句多表示动作或状态一直延续到until所表示的时间为止,意思为“直到…”from..till…中till往往表示不太具体的时间。From…to…或from…until常用来表示具体的时间。
findit…todo,it在此句中为形式宾语代表动词不定式,动词不定式为真正的宾语,常用于这种用法的.动词有find,feel,think,make等。
“疑问词+不定式“结构相当于一个名词性从句,常常可用同等成分的从句代替。
改写时,只需在疑问词后面加一个适当的主语(这个主语一般与主句的主语一致),并将不定式改成适当形式的谓语即可。
如,Wheretogoisstillaquestion.=Whereweshouldgoisstillaquestion.
when与while:when连接的状语从句是个特殊句型,“前一个分句(谓语动词用过去进行时)+when(作并列连词,意思为“这时,突然”)+后一个分句(谓语动词用一般过去时)”表示在前一个动作正在进行的过程中突然发生后一个动作,when强调动作的突然性,when后面的动词为非延续性动词;while表示“在….过程中”,强调在一段时间内,所以while引导的从句中的谓语动词必须为延续性动词。在状语从句中,若从句放在句首时,应用逗号与主句隔开。
感叹句的构成:What+a/an+形容词+单数名词+主语+谓语!Whatagoodbookitis!
What+形容词+复数可数名词+主语+谓语!Whateasyquestionstheyare!
What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语!Whatcoldweatheritis!
How+形容词+主语+be动词!Hownicethewatchis!
How+副词+主语+谓语!Howhardtheyareworking!
takeplace,happen“发生”:takeplace指“发生事先计划或预想到的事物”;happen指“一切客观事情或情况的偶然或未能预见地发生”。两者都是不及物动词或短语,后面不能跟宾语,也不能用于被动语态;happen的意义很广泛,而takeplace仅用于历史上的事件,集会等,是先行布置而后发生或举行的事件,它不用于地震等自然界的现象。
happentodo巧遇sthhappenstosb某人遭遇某事
不定代词all,both,each,every与not连用时,只表示部分否定,在否定句中用and连接两个宾语,表语,定语,状语时,只表示部分否定,并且否定and后面的部分;如用or连接句中两个部分,则表示全部否定。
如,Sheisn’tabrightandbeautifulgirl.她并不是一个既聪明又漂亮的女孩。(部分否定)Sheisn’tabrightorbeautifulgirl.她是一个既不聪明又不漂亮的女孩。(全部否定)。
八年级下英语语法课件
语法专题
Module 1
简单句:由一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)构成。
一. 五种基本句型:
1. 主语+系动词+表语 (S+V+P)He is happy.
2. 主语+不及物动词+(状语) ( S+V ) He is swimming.
3. 主语+及物动词+宾语+(状语) ( S+V+O ) I saw him just now.
4. 主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 ( S+V+IO+DO ) She lent me a bike,
主语+及物动词+直接宾语+间接宾语 ( S+V+DO+IO ) She lent a bike to me.
5. 主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语 ( S+V+O+OC) The good news made us happy.
二. 练习:写出下列句子的基本成分。
1. He likes music very much.
2. The soup tastes salty.
3. She works very hard.
4. My teacher asked me to come a little earlier next time.
5. My father bought me a computer.
Module 2
宾语从句:以一个句子作为宾语的复合句。
一. 宾语从句的时态:
主句 从句
一般现在时 要根据具体情况选择所需要的时态
一般过去时 相应的过去时态
一般过去时 客观真理或自然现象时,从句用一般现在时态
e.g. He says that he is going to the cinema.
He said that he couldn’t finish the work on time.
The teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun.
二. 宾语从句的语序:陈述句的语序。
三. 宾语从句的引导词:
陈述句 that (在口语中可省去)
一般疑问句 if / whether
特殊疑问句 疑问词 (what, when, where, who, why, which, how)
e.g. He says. He likes painting.---- He says (that) he likes painting.
Is he American? He asked ---- He asked if / whether he was American.
Where is the cinema? I don’t know ---- I don’t know where the cinema is.
四. 练习:把下列句子改为宾语从句。
1. The story is very interesting. (he said)
2. What did you say? ( I didn’t hear)
3. Where does he come from. (I want to know)
4. Is your father a doctor? (my teacher asked)
5. Has she seen the film? (I don’t know)
6. How can I get to the hospital. (Can you tell me)
7. He is playing computer games. (he says)
8. They will have a meeting tomorrow. (I know)
Module 3
动词不定式(to do)和动名词(v-ing)
有些动词后面需加to do或-ing来把意思补充完整。接to do的单词多为 “打算”、“计划”、“希望”之类的动词,而这些动词都表示未来。接-ing形式的动词要么表示是正在进行,要么表示一般性或经常性行为。有的动词既可以接to do,也可以接-ving。
一. 接to do的动词有:want, would like, agree, refuse, decide, learn, need, offer, afford, wish, hope, ask等。
二. 接-ing的`动词有:feel like, keep, enjoy, finish, practice等。
三. 既可以接to do,也可以接-ving的动词有:hate, like, love, begin, start(意思一样),remember, forget, continue, stop, try, go on(意思不一样)等。
四. 练习:用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. Would you like _____________ (have) a cup of tea?
2. I’m very tired, let’s stop _____________ (have) a rest.
3. I asked why he smiled, but he couldn’t remember _________________ (smile) at me.
4. He wants _____________ (buy) a new bike.
5. You must keep _______________ (practice) ______________ (speak) English every day.
6. Have you finished _____________ (read) the book?
7. I decide ______________ (visit) the Great Wall this holiday.
8. My sister enjoys _______________ (listen) to music.
9. He learnt ______________ (swim) all by himself.
10. My father agreed ____________ (buy) me a computer.
11. I forgot _____________ (close) the door yesterday.
12. I hate ______________ (lose).
13. The teacher is coming, we stop _____________. (talk)
14. We tried ______________ (finish) the work on time.
15. Sally refused ______________ (play) during the final practice.
16. He offers ____________ (help) me with the work.
17. She can’t afford ______________ (buy) a dictionary.
18. I hope _____________ (go) abroad.
19. Da Wei asked ____________ (play) the computer game on my father’s computer.
20. He started _______________ (make) his own radio programmer at the age of fifteen.
Module 4-5
一. 由if引导的条件状语从句 (如果...)
1. 句子结构
主句 + if从句. If从句, 主句.
2. 时态变化
主句 从句
一般将来时
will won’t 一般现在时
v. don’t + v.
v.-s doesn’t + v.
启使句
v. Don’t + v.
e.g.:
If you (want) to say something, (hand) up, please.
=
If Lily (receive) the gift, she (be) very happy.
=
If she (get) up late, she (not catch) the bus.
=
=She should , or
二. 感叹句 (多......啊!)
1. What + a/an/... + adj. + n. (+ 主语 + be)!
(+ 从句)
e.g.: clean classroom it !
honest kid Tom !
terrible news this !
fantastic concerts they !
funny place we went yesterday!
2. How + adj. + 主语 (the + n. /人名/代词) + be!
How + adv. + 主语 + v.!
How + adj./adv. + 从句!
e.g.: 改写上面的句子.
八年级英语人教版课件
学习目标:
知识目标:fishing, rent, famous, take a vacation, Greece, Spain, Europe, leave, countryside, nature, forget, finish, tourist, be famous for
He thought about going to Greece or Spain, but decide on Canada.
I just finished making my last movie.
能力目标:提高用现在进行时态谈论将来的计划的能力。
情感目标:培养合作意识及计划意识。
学习重难点:感知现在进行时表达将来意味:
学习过程:
一、预习导学
1.完成下列单词或短语。
___________观光;旅游___________著名的;出名的__________ 欧洲 __________ 农村;乡村_____________大自然__________忘记________结束____________游客
2.试译下列句子。
他原想去希腊或西班牙,但最后决定去加拿大。
__________________________________________________________________________.这次我想做些不同的事情。
_________________________________________________________________.
我知道那儿有许多说法语的人。
_________________________________________________________________.
二、自主学习
1. leave
动词,“离去;出发;忘带;把……留给;使……处于(某种)状态”。如:
He left home in a hurry.
He left his son a lot of money when he died.
Please leave the door open.
【归纳拓展】
leave for 动身去……
leave sb by oneself 把某人单独留下
leave…behind 忘带;留下;把……落在后面
【辨析活用】
leave / forget
两者都和“忘记”有关,但含义和用法有所不同。
leave:意为“把某物遗忘在某处”,其后一般要接具体的地点。如:
He left his homework at home.
forget:意为“遗忘某物或忘记做某事”,是指忘记一件具体的东西,其后一般不可以有具体的地点。常用短语为forget to do/ doing sth. 如:
Don’t forget to turn off the lights when you leave.
【即景活用】
(河北模拟)这个孩子太小了不应该把他单独留在家里。
The child is so young that you can’t ________ him _________ ________ at home.
2. different
形容词,“不同的;有区别的”。如:
My coat is different from yours.
【归纳拓展】
派生词:difference n. 差异;差别;不同 differently adv. 不同地
短语:be different from 与……不同 be different in 在……(方面)不同
make no difference to 对……不起作用;对……没有影响
【即景活用】
These coats are different _________ size.
A.from B. of C. to D. in
3. famous
形容词,“著名的';出名的”,同义词为well-known. 如: The city is famous for its silk.
【辨析活用】
be famous for +出名的原因
be famous as + 出名时的身份、产地
Jackie Chan is famous for his action movies.
Jackie Chan is famous as a movie star.
三、合作探究
1.2c Pairwork
2.3a Read the magazine article. What are Ben Lambert’s vacation plans? Write the number of each picture next to the correct activity.
四、拓展创新
1.3c. Write an article.
2.4. Survey.
五、达标检测
(一)单项选择
( ) 1. They’re going to San Francisco ______ July 7 _____ next month.
A. on, in B. in, on C. in, / D. on, /
( ) 2. —______ is he doing for vacation? —He is going to Hawaii to surf.
A. What B. Where C. When D. How
( ) 3. What’s it ______ there?
A. like B. look like C. likes D. liking
( ) 4. Can I ask you ______ questions ______ your vacation plans?
A. any, about B. some, with C. any, with D. some, about
( ) 5. I want to spend time ______ my grandfather ______ the countryside.
A. with, in B. on, in C. in, in D. on, with
( ) 6. Today is my son’s birthday. I’m making _____ for him.
A. anything nice ; B. something nice C. nice anything D. nice something
( ) 7. She ______ 8,000 yuan on the computer yesterday.
A. spent B. cost C. take D. paid
( ) 8. What should we ______ us when we go hiking?
A. bring with B. take to C. take with D. bring to
( ) 9. Do you have ______ to tell us?
A. something new B. new something C. anything new D. new anything
( ) 10. —______ do you watch TV every week? —About three hours.
A. How often B. How long C. What time D. How many
( ) 11. —What’s your brother like? —_______.
A. He likes playing soccer B. He likes all of us
C. He’s short but fat D. He’s very well
( ) 12. All of us are ______ in the ______ film.
A. interesting, interested B. interested, interesting
C. interesting, interesting D. interested, interested
(二)用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. Dalian is a beautiful place __________ ( go ) sightseeing.
2. It’s twelve o’clock. The children ___________ ( have ) lunch in the cafeteria.
3. This Sunday we are going bike r__________ in the park. How about you?
4. Yao Ming is a f_______ basketball player. Lots of people like ______ ( watch ) him play.
5. My sister thought about __________ ( babysit ) her pet dog.
6. He didn’t leave u_________ his mother came back.
7. Do you plan __________ ( take ) a vacation in Hawaii?
8. The book is so good, I can’t wait __________ ( read ) it at the moment.
9. You should finish _________ ( make ) these kites this afternoon.
(三)完成句子
1. 假期你打算做什么? _________ _________ you _________ _________ vacation?
2. 我听说泰国是个观光旅游的好地方。
I hear Tailand is a good place ________ ________ ________.
3. 明天他要动身前往意大利。 He ________ ________ _________ Italy tomorrow.
4. 昨天你们什么时间打扫完教室的?
When ________ you ________ ________ the classroom yesterday?
5. 你有什么重要的事要告诉我吗? Do you have _________ __________ to tell me?
6. 明天是星期天,去钓鱼怎么样?
It’s Sunday tomorrow. _________ _________ _________ ________?
7. 我迫不及待地打开妈妈送的礼物。
I _________ __________ __________ __________ the present Mum gave me.
Unit4 What’s the best theater?
(Period 1形容词和副词的`最高级)
一、教学目标
1. 知识目标:形容词和副词的最高级的意义和用法
2. 能力目标:通过个人活动与小组活动,使学生熟练掌握形容词和副词的最高级用法。
3. 情感目标:通过自主学习和合作学习,使学生形成学习英语语法的兴趣,并获得一定的学习成就感。
二、教学重点、难点:
形容词和副词的最高级用法。
教学流程(Teaching process)
Step1:让学生观察三个苹果,引导学生描述这三个苹果。
This apple is big.
This apple is bigger than that one.
This apple is the biggest of all..
Step2:[利用课件]总结The Superlative forms of Adjectives and Adverbs (重点为Adjectives)。
1、This apple is the biggest of all (big)
2、This computer is the most expensive of all. (expensive)
3、The weather is the worst. (bad)
4、This car is the best of the three.(good)
5、Blue Moon Cinema is the closest to my home.(close)
6、Red star Cinema is the cheapest. (cheap)
7、Super Cinema is the most popular.(popular)
8、Blue Moon Cinema has the most comfortable seats.(comfortable)
Step3:归纳形容词最高级变化规律(副词的变化随后会触类旁通) ①原级 ②原级 ③原级 ④原级 tall large big outgoing calm late thin beautiful short fine fat difficult wild nice hot athletic quiet serious small interesting high important
popular
Step4用最高级描述班级之最:
eg1:Wen Gang is the tallest and Wang Fei is the nicest .
eg2: Li Ping studies best and Pan Fei runs fastest.
Step5:(小组协作)运用动画图片描述中国之最和世界之最:
The Chang jiang River(the longest ),Qumulangma(the highest ).Taiwan Island.( the biggest ), Xing Jiang province(the largest population).
小结:
作业布置:
用最高级描述你的家人之最。
八年级下物理浮力课件
1、浮力的定义:一切浸入液体(气体)的物体都受到液体(气体)对它竖直向上的力 叫浮力。
2、浮力方向:竖直向上,施力物体:液(气)体
3、浮力产生的原因(实质):液(气)体对物体向上的压力大于向下的压力,向上、向下的压力差 即浮力。
4、物体的浮沉条件:
(1)前提条件:物体浸没在液体中,且只受浮力和重力。
(2)请根据示意图完成下空。
下沉 悬浮 上浮 漂浮
F浮 G F浮 = G F浮 G F浮 = G
物 液 物
(3)、说明:
① 密度均匀的物体悬浮(或漂浮)在某液体中,若把物体切成大小不等的两块,则大块、小块都悬浮(或漂浮)。
②一物体漂浮在密度为的液体中,若露出体积为物体总体积的1/3,则物体密度为(2/3)
分析:F浮 = G 则:液V排g =物Vg
物=( V排/V)?液= 2 3液
③ 悬浮与漂浮的比较
相同: F浮 = G
不同:悬浮液 =V排=V物
漂浮液 物;v排④判断物体浮沉(状态)有两种方法:比较F浮 与G或比较液与物 。
⑤ 物体吊在测力计上,在空中重力为G,浸在密度为的液体中,示数为F则物体密度为:物= G/ (G-F)
⑥冰或冰中含有木块、蜡块、等密度小于水的物体,冰化为水后液面不变,冰中含有铁块、石块等密大于水的物体,冰化为水后液面下降。
5、阿基米德原理:
(1)、内容:浸入液体里的物体受到向上的浮力,浮力的大小等于它排开的液体受到的重力。
(2)、公式表示:F浮 = G排 =液V排g 从公式中可以看出:液体对物体的浮力与液体的密度和物体排开液体的体积有关,而与物体的质量、体积、重力、形状 、浸没的深度等均无关。
(3)、适用条件:液体(或气体)
6、漂浮问题五规律:(历年中考频率较高,)
规律一:物体漂浮在液体中,所受的浮力等于它受的重力;
规律二:同一物体在不同液体里,所受浮力相同;
规律三:同一物体在不同液体里漂浮,在密度大的液体里浸入的体积小;
规律四:漂浮物体浸入液体的体积是它总体积的几分之几,物体密度就是液体密度的几分之几;
规律五:将漂浮物体全部浸入液体里,需加的竖直向下的外力等于液体对物体增大的浮力。
7、浮力的利用:
(1)、轮船:
工作原理:要使密度大于水的材料制成能够漂浮在水面上的'物体必须把它做成空心的,使它能够排开更多的水。
排水量:轮船满载时排开水的质量。单位 t 由排水量m 可计算出:排开液体的体积V排= ;排开液体的重力G排 = m g ;轮船受到的浮力F浮 = m g 轮船和货物共重G=m g 。
(2)、潜水艇:
工作原理:潜水艇的下潜和上浮是靠改变自身重力来实现的。
(3)、气球和飞艇:
工作原理:气球是利用空气的浮力升空的。气球里充的是密度小于空气的气体如:氢气、氦气或热空气。为了能定向航行而不随风飘荡,人们把气球发展成为飞艇。
(4)、密度计:
原理:利用物体的漂浮条件来进行工作。
构造:下面的铝粒能使密度计直立在液体中。
刻度:刻度线从上到下,对应的液体密度越来越大
8、浮力计算题方法总结:
(1)、确定研究对象,认准要研究的物体。
(2)、分析物体受力情况画出受力示意图,判断物体在液体中所处的状态(看是否静止或做匀速直线运动)。
(3)、选择合适的方法列出等式(一般考虑平衡条件)。
计算浮力方法:
①称量法:F浮= G-F(用弹簧测力计测浮力)。
②压力差法:F浮= F向上 - F向下(用浮力产生的原因求浮力)
③漂浮、悬浮时,F浮=G (二力平衡求浮力;)
④F浮=G排 或F浮=液V排g (阿基米德原理求浮力,知道物体排开液体的质量或体积时常用)
⑤根据浮沉条件比较浮力(知道物体质量时常用)
★ 八年级英语课件
★ 初二英语下课件