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Tourists friends:
Everybody is good! Zhaoling, because in the north suburb of shenyang city, also known as Zhao Mausoleum, so is the second generation of the qing dynasty emperor of the qing emperor taizong huang taiji and filial piety end wen queen bor is target's tomb, is the largest in the qing dynasty “commissioner of three ling”, the most magnificent momentum is a, and I had one of the most complete existing ancient imperial mausoleum complex.
Huang taiji is the eighth son qing MAO nuerhachi, wing ling was born in fushun city of liaoning province XinBin now county town. He is in the history of the famous statesman, strategist, life and politics and war, in 17 years, completed the northeast reunification, establish the kanto unify the qing empire. Chong DE eight years, that is, the Gregorian calendar in 1643 on August 9th in the middle of the night, in the clear coagulation miya higashi house south of shenyang imperial palace “sitting dropped” kang, at age 52. After the death of catalpa coffin to the mausoleum of short duration. Shunzhi also six years on April 17, in 1649 AD, filial piety end wen queen bor dhi corp's four, in the second year of catalpa coffin moved to zhaoling and huang taiji buried together.
Zhaoling mausoleum built in chong DE eight years in 1643, completed in shunzhi eight years or 1651 years, after repeated after rebuilding and Labour market and the size of the form now. On the architectural style, zhaoling already learned the Ming tombs building strength, and has the characteristics of the mausoleum building, is a model of han &matrimonial blend. Zhaoling covers an area of 450000 square meters, plane layout and follow the principle of “bed” after the power, from south to north is made up of before, during and after the three parts, the main buildings are built on a central axis, on both sides of the architectural form of symmetrical distribution, central axis of the back is the main part of the entire construction. Now we are in the order from south to north to carry on the tour, the first is the first part.
The ancient tomb has its own name, the number of sources, or reflect on accomplishments and praise, the end of the emperor's life or the meaning of with auspicious and blessing.
In the qing dynasty emperor ling name generally by heir king James. Secondly, there is also a system in the qing dynasty, if meet with ling name and place name repeated clear zhaoling, place names must be change, this is called taboo. It is clear that DiWangLing name is extremely sacred.
Zhaoling mausoleum is one of the first year of shunzhi emperor taizong died on August 9th anniversary cremated when school palace. Zhaoling mausoleum of the origin of our predecessors have two different explanation, an explanation is imitated the zhaoling taizong account, another explained related to ancient zhao jose system. Put forward clear zhaoling imitation of zhao mausoleum is the qianlong emperor. When he in east tour shengjing martyrs zhaoling expressed this opinion. In fact, it is just the qianlong lines, zhaoling when name is qing peasant rebel army had just defeated li in Beijing, at this time of the Ming dynasty and li still has a strong power, whether it is difficult to clear, and it is hard to imagine the qing emperor taizong emperor taizong phase coordinate necessary. And so the qing emperor qianlong emperor taizong emperor taizong tied for is his political needs, its height was ruled by successive one as a model for the emperor, he in the twenty-third year of the reign honour worthy men of letters, coachable and listen, prosperous, known at the time to “dynasty”, as the tang period, the height of the development of economy and culture laid a foundation. Qianlong equate the today face with its aim to comfort the world, qing jiangshan also can appear like han and tang dynasties, a generation of new millennium.
Second, speaking of zhaoling from zhao jose system is inaccurate. Zhao mu is the ancient patriarchal clan system, this system used in the order of the tomb and temple of 9 to fathers in the middle of the method, the arrangement of other various degress in ZuoZhao right jose order so on. Shengjing have three wing, fu, zhao mausoleum, one never play for ZuLing, the highest status, fu ling times, zhaoling rank third. If zhao mu system arrangement, yong ling should be in the middle, fu ling in the left (east), called zhao, zhao ling in its right is called the “mu”. And current for zhao three ling, ling forever in the east, fu ling in the zhaoling mausoleum in the west, three tomb no zhao jose relationship at all.
Zhaoling name may be due to the choice of meaning “, ”the word itself. The ancients to zhao word “clear” and “spreads” solution. Zhaoling mausoleum of emperor taizong weld is the meaning of martial arts are clear. And after spreads the meaning, to just so so.
Zhao Mausoleum also called clear zhaoling mausoleum, is the second generation of the founding of the qing dynasty emperor, emperor taizong huang taiji and filial piety end the queen's tomb, covers an area of 180000 square meters, is located in the ancient city of shenyang NATO ten li, so also known as “Zhao Mausoleum”, “commissioner of three ling” at the beginning of the qing dynasty is the largest, imposing manner, the most magnificent one. Is the qing dynasty royal mausoleum and the resort of the unity of modern garden.
Zhaoling from south to north, followed by points before, during and after the three parts.
At the front behind the wall sheet. Went on both sides have huabiao pavilion, stone lions, change clothes, etc., and the middle is arched. Archway is the front of the subject construction, it is built by bluestone, four pillars three layers, carving exquisite, elegant, is a rare art treasures.
Central, from is red door to mahjong layout, is red door for sheet wall is the south gate, storeys tall, very solemn, and its two wings adornment coloured glaze is panlong wall, vivid, striking. Pavilion and was relatively red door, to celebrate were built, inside the vertical tablet called “zhaoling god, gong SAN DE tablet”.
Back, is a mahjong layout, crescent city and city, this is the body of the mausoleum. As it has built the city, is located in the sheet wall, asing if is a city within a city. Long temple in mahjong layout center, and have long before the door, after the Ming building, about peidian peidian, four corner has turrets, like month, so it was extremely ambitious. Long temple carved granite steps as base, with golden yellow glazed tile roof, coupled with the painted carved beams, jinbian red walls, appear abnormal. Long stay behind after Ming building to the city. Treasure city in the northern end of the mahjong layout, as crescent. Treasure city is also called the treasure. , looking on treasure top, looked round, green trees and cyclization, beautiful scenery, like the trees in the city, a ease feeling arises spontaneously.
Cemetery in ancient pine trees towering, grass green, lake water ripples, the floor of the temple, watts, beautiful natural scenery, colorful, including aromatic show is the YuanZhongYuan Zhao Mausoleum park, garden planted nearly 200 kinds of plants, four points are, each has its own characteristics. Early spring cherry blossom in full bloom, garden fragrance; A new summer lotus, the willows; Late autumn full mountain red leaves, CengLinJinRan; Winter snow mountains, pine and forceful. Across the garden, spring flowers, summer has Yin, autumn fruit, winter green, strange flowers, stone Bridges, there is quite a show of jiangnan.
Zhao Mausoleum also has 300000 square meters of lake water, rippling in summer, life in suzhou as the shadow, a pedal boat for sight-seeing, boat, and boating on the lake, don't have a taste.
Another feature of Zhao Mausoleum is boundless example in several groups. Existing ancient pine trees more than two thousand, more than three hundred years old, tall and straight, swaying towering our day. These green ling loose in its golden tiles zhaoling and composed a magnificent landscape, one of the “making”, “flame”, “husband and wife tree”, “sisters” trees, “turtle tree” is distinctive, etc.
Shenyang Zhao Mausoleum (zhaoling) the history of the ancient and mysterious tomb, various natural landscape, as tens of thousands of Chinese and foreign visitors find the scenery pleasing to both the eye and the mind, linger for browsing resort.
游客朋友们：
大家好!昭陵，因为位于沈阳市的北郊，所以又称为北陵，是清朝第二代皇帝清太宗皇太极和孝端文皇后博尔挤吉特氏的陵墓，是清朝“关外三陵”中规模最大、气势最宏伟的一座，也是我过现存最完整的古代帝王陵墓建筑群之一。
皇太极是清太祖努尔哈赤的第八个儿子，出生于现在的辽宁省抚顺市新宾县永陵镇。他是历史上著名的政治家、军事家，一生勤于政事，勇于战阵，在位20_年，完成了东北统一大业，建立起关东一统的大清帝国。崇德八年，也就是公历1643年的八月初九深夜，在沈阳故宫的清凝宫东屋南炕上“端坐无疾而终”，享年52岁。死后的梓棺移至陵寝暂安。顺治六年也就的公元1649年四月十七日，孝端文皇后博尔济吉特氏四去，第二年梓棺移至昭陵与皇太极合葬。
昭陵建于崇德八年即1643年，竣工于顺治八年即1651年，以后历经多次改建和增修而形成现在的规模。在建筑风格上，昭陵既吸取了明陵的建筑长处，又具有满足陵寝建筑的特点，是汉满文化交融的典范。昭陵占地面积45万平方米，平面布局遵循“前朝后寝”的原则，自南向北由前、中、后三部分组成，其主要建筑都建在一条中轴线上，两侧建筑采取对称形式分布，中轴线的最后面是全部建筑的主体。现在我们就按照由南向北的顺序进行参观游览，首先是第一部分。
盛京之陵，规模最大保存最完整的就是昭陵。
沈阳昭陵陵区建筑布局大致是这样的：陵区四周设有红、白、青三种颜色界桩，其南面还备有挡众木(又叫“拒马木”)四百四十二架。陵区南北狭长，东西偏窄。陵区最南端是下马碑，其次，为华表和石狮。计有下马碑四座，华表一对，石狮一对，它们分别立在道路的两旁。石狮之北建有神桥。神桥之西原有涤品井一眼。神桥往北为石牌坊。石牌坊东西两侧各有一座小跨院。东跨院是皇帝更衣亭和静房(厕所)。西跨院是省牲亭和馔造房。石牌坊以北是陵寝正门——正红门，此门周围是环绕陵区的朱红围墙，又叫“风水墙’”。正红门内有一条南北笔直的石路叫“神道”，神道两侧由南往北依次立有擎天柱柱一对，石狮子一对，石獬豸一对，石麒麟一对，石马一对，石骆驼一对，石象一对。这些石兽统称“石象生”。再往北，在神道正中有神功圣德碑亭一座。碑亭两侧有“朝房”，东朝房是存放仪仗及制奶茶之地，西朝房是备制膳食和果品之所。碑亭之北是方城，方城正门曰“隆恩门”，城门上有楼，俗称“五凤楼”。方城正中是隆恩殿，两侧有配殿和配楼。配楼俗名“晾果楼”，晾晒祭祀用果品之处。隆恩殿后有二柱门和石祭台，再后是券门，券门顶端有大明楼，步入券门是月牙城，月牙城正面有琉璃影壁，两侧有“蹬道”可上下方城，月牙城之后是宝城、宝顶，宝顶之内为地宫。宝城之后是人工堆起的陵山——“隆业山”。
另在陵寝西侧、与宝顶遥遥相对还有一组建筑叫“懿靖大贵妃、康惠淑妃园寝”，是安葬太宗众妃的莹地。除此之外，在陵寝东西两翼各三里许有陪葬墓，左侧有武勋王杨古里墓及奶妈坟，右侧有贞臣敦达里及安达里殉葬墓。这种以功臣陪葬的形式是古代陵寝制度，体现了封建君王“事死如事生”的愿望，也体现了忠君思想和严格的封建等级制度。
另在陵区之外还有藏经楼、关帝庙、点将台等建筑。昭陵建筑布局严格遵循“中轴线”及“前朝后寝”等陵寝规制，陵寝主体建筑全部建在南北中轴线上，其它附属建筑则均衡地安排在它的两侧。这样的设计思想主要是体现皇权至高无上，同时，达到使建筑群稳重、平衡及统一等美学效应。
昭陵的管理有文武两大衙门。一个叫总管衙门，一个叫关防衙门，管衙门主要负责陵区的防卫，关防衙门负责祭祀和陵寝建筑的一般修缮。
清朝逊国之后，昭陵虽然仍由三陵守护大臣负责管理，但由于连年战乱，国库入不敷出，对昭陵无力做大的修缮，以至陵园建筑残破凋零。当时有位文人写过这样一首《游北陵》诗：“涉足昭陵户与庭，辉煌眩目未曾经。莓苔满径无人管，杨柳山中犹自清”。写出了当时昭陵的真实面貌。清代“陪京(沈阳)八景”里有“北陵(昭陵)红叶”。金梁在《奉天古迹考》中说：“北陵多枫柳，西风黄叶红满秋林，故名北陵红叶。”
总的来看，沈阳昭陵主体建筑仍保存至今，地下基础完好，规划、布局依然完整，古建筑与遗址未受后人过多的干预与改变，自然环境也基本保持原始状态，真实性与完整性程度很高。
北陵又称清昭陵，是清朝第二代开国君主，太宗皇太极以及孝端文皇后的陵墓，占地面积18万平方米，位于沈阳古城北约十华里，因此也称“北陵”，是清初“关外三陵”中规模最大、气势最宏伟的一座。是清代皇家陵寝和现代园林合一的游览胜地。
昭陵由南至北，依次为分前、中、后三个部分组成。
前部在缭墙外。参道两侧有华表、石狮、更衣亭等，而正中是牌楼。牌楼是前部主体建筑，是由青石建成，四柱三层，雕刻得玲珑剔透，精美无双，为罕见的艺术珍品。
中部，从正红门到方城，正红门为缭墙的正南门，层楼高耸，十分庄严，而其两翼所装饰的五色琉璃蟠龙壁，造形生动，引人注目。碑亭与正红门相对，为颂扬墓主而建，里面所竖碑称“昭陵神、功圣德碑”。
后部，是方城、月牙城和宝城，这是陵寝的主体。它建造得如同城池一般，位于缭墙，仿佛是城中之城。隆恩殿居于方城中心，前有隆恩门，后有明楼，左右有配殿，四隅有角楼，犹如众星拱月一般，故显得异常雄伟。隆恩殿以雕刻精美的花岗岩台阶为底座，以金光闪闪的黄琉璃瓦为屋顶，再加上画栋雕梁、金匾红墙，显得异常华丽。隆恩殿后经过明楼，到达宝城。宝城在方城北端，为月牙形。宝城又称宝顶。登上宝顶，向四下一望，绿树环合，景色清幽，宛若置身于城市山林中，一种恬适之感油然而生。
陵园内古松参天，草木葱茏，湖水荡漾，楼殿威严，金瓦夺目，自然景观千姿百态，五彩缤纷，其中芳秀园是北陵公园的园中园，种植了近200种植物，四季分呈，各具特色。初春樱花盛开，满园飘香;盛夏荷花竞放，柳浪闻莺;深秋满山红叶，层林尽染;寒冬银装素裹，苍松挺拔。纵观整个园林，春有花，夏有阴，秋有果，冬有青，奇花异石，小桥流水，颇有江南之秀。
北陵还拥有30万平方米的人工湖水面，夏天碧波荡漾，柳岸成荫，乘坐脚踏船、快艇观光游玩，泛舟湖上，别有一番情趣。
北陵的另一特色是漫漫数里的古松群。现存古松二千余棵，松龄达三百多年，摇曳挺拔，参天敝日。这些苍翠的陵松在金瓦红墙中构成昭陵又一壮丽景观，其中的“神树”、“凤凰树”、“夫妻树”、“姐妹树”、“龟树”等更是别具特色。
沈阳北陵(昭陵)古老的历史、神秘的皇陵、千姿百态的自然景观，成为数以万计的中外游客为之心旷神怡、流连忘返的浏览胜地。
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