下面是小编收集整理的高中英语单词词汇-第30期(共含3篇),供大家参考借鉴,欢迎大家分享。同时,但愿您也能像本文投稿人“bird1666”一样,积极向本站投稿分享好文章。
devote vt. 投入于,献身
[特征]
- the student devoted his time to his study.
这个学生把他的时间用在学习上。
[备考必背]
①重要词组
devote oneself to 献身于…… devote one's life to doing将一生贡献给……
- he has devoted his whole life to benefiting mankind.
他为全人类的利益献出了自己的一生。
②派生词:devotion n. 奉献,投入
- the devotion of too much time to sports leaves too little time for studying.
把过多的时间花在体育运动上就使花在学习上的时间太少了。
difficulty n. 困难,难点
[特征]
with difficulty 困难地,费尽地 in difficulty 处境困难
- this project is full of difficulties.
这个工程困难很多。
[贴心叮咛]
difficulty是difficult的名词形式。它既可作可数名词,也可作不可数名词。
[考点]
表示“在某方面有困难”可以用“difficulty+in+doing sth.(in可以省略)”,而不能用“difficulty+ to do sth.”形式。
(误)there was no difficulty to solve the problem.
(正)there was no difficulty (in) solving the problem.
解决这问题毫无困难。
direct vt. ①指路,指明方向 ②指导,指挥 ③导演(电影等) adj. 笔直的;直率的
[特征]
a direct road 一条直路
- could you direct me to the railway station?
请问道火车站怎么走?
- who is directing the workmen?
谁在指挥工人?
- who directed the movie?
谁执导的这部影片?
- he gave the boss a direct answer.
他给了老板一个直接的答案。
[贴心叮咛]
direct的基本含义是“指明方向”,其他意思都是由此引申而来,请注意参考上面的例句。
[练习与解答]
- once a decision has been made, all of us should it. [ 湖北]
a. direct to b. stick to c. lead to d. refer to
答案:b
(一旦做出了决定,我们大家都要遵守。本题考查动词词组的含义。direct to是“把……指向……”;stick to是“坚持”;lead to是“导致;通向”;refer to是“参考;提及”。)
disability n. ①无力,无能 ②残疾
[特征]
在英文中,在一些单词前面通常会加上前缀dis,表示和后面这个单词相反的含义。disability就是由前缀dis(表示否定)+ability(能力)构成。
- he has a disability pension from the government.
他领有一笔政府发的伤残抚恤金。
[备考必背]辨析disability和inability
这两个词都有“缺乏能力”的意思。disability多指身体残疾而引起的“缺乏能力”;而inability单纯指“不能”。
- he was disabled in the war and his disability prevented him from holding any job.
他在战争中残废了,这使他无法找到任何工作。
- the new secretary is still unable to work alone and this inability may cause her to lose the job.
新来的秘书至今仍不能独立工作,这很可能使她失去这份工作。
abilityn. ①能力 ②才能(常用复数)
[特征]
ability是able的名词形式,可以和able一起记忆。
- he is a man of ability. 他是个能干的人。
- he has the ability to read. 他有阅读的能力。
- he has great abilities as a writer. 他是个有本领的作家。
[考点]
ability后面可以接动词不定式、介词in或for,但不能接of doing形式。
-(×)you should improve the ability of drawing.
-(√)you should improve the ability to draw.
-(√)you should improve the ability in/for drawing.你应该提高你的绘画能力。
[备考必备]重要词组
have the ability to do sth. 有能力做某事 to the best of one's ability 尽力
- i will help you to the best of my ability. 我会尽我所能帮助你的。
[贴心叮咛]
上面[特征]中三个句子是最基础的,ability的基本用法都在这三个句子中。
abroadn. ①在国外,到国外 ②到处
[特征]
- one of my brothers lived abroad. 我有个哥哥住在国外。
- the manager went abroad for business. 经理出差去国外了。
- the poor granny has never been abroad. 这个贫穷的老奶奶从未出过国。
- the news spread abroad. 消息传得很广。
[贴心叮咛]
这个单词很简单,虽然历届高考也经常考到,但考点不是很多,只要记住上面几个基本用法即可。
absence n. ①不在,缺席 ②缺乏
[特征]
- nobody noticed his absence from school. 没人注意到他没来上学。
[备考必备]重要词组
in/during one's absence 在某人不在时
- please take care of my house during my absence. 我不在时,请照看我的房子。
absence of mind 心不在焉
- his absence of mind led to a lot of mistakes. 他由于心不在焉造成了很多错误。
[练习与解答]
- the evvironmentalists and wild goats' on the vast grasslands was a good indication of the better environment. [2004 上海]
a. escape b. absence c. attendance d. appearance
答案:d (环境保护者和野山羊在大草原上的出现时环境改善的一个很好的迹象。escape是“逃跑”;absence是“缺席”;attendance是“参加”;appearance是“出现”。)
absent adj. ①缺席的,不在场的 ②缺乏的
[备考必备]重要词组
be absent from 缺席
- the manager was absent from the meeting. 经理缺席会议。
[贴心叮咛]
absent考的频率很高,对这个词的考查基本都集中在词组be absent from上。
achevi. ①痛,疼痛 ②渴望 n. (连续固定的)疼痛
[特征]
- my head aches terribly. 我头痛得厉害。
- she ached for his friendship. 她渴望和他交朋友。
- he has an ache in the back. 他的背痛。
[备考必背]
ache是一种持续的隐隐之痛,常和表示身体部位的名词连用,例如下面两个词:
headache n. 头疼 stomachache n. 胃痛
achievev. ①完成,达到(目的、目标)②得到
[特征]
- we have achieved great success. 我们已取得了巨大的成就。
- you can't achieve much without hard work. 你若不努力,就不会有多少成就。
- all these can't be achieved overnight. 这些事情不可能在一夜之间都完成。
[贴心叮咛]
achieve是各非常地道的英文单词,这个单词中国的学生用的不多,他们更常用realize,get to这样简单的词汇。
actualadj. 实际的,现实的
[特征]
in actual life 在实际生活中 the actual state of affairs 目前的形势
- the actual cost of repairs was a lot less than we had expected.
实际的修理费用笔我们预期的要低得多。
[备考必背]派生词
actually adv. 实际地,现实地
[贴心叮咛]
actual考得不是很多,也许因为它比较简单吧,只要能掌握上边这几个词组和句子就可以了。
additionn. ①增加 ②(算术)加法
[特征]
- the new student is an addition to our class. 这名新来的学生使我们班多了一个人。
[考点]重要词组
in addition (常与to连用)此外
- in addition to hard work, he attributed his success to good opportunities.
除了工作努力外,他把他的成功归因于好的机遇。
[贴心叮咛]
addition除了有“加法”的意思,还可以表示“增加”。一定要注意有关addition的词组。
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