下面是小编精心整理的英语六级仔细阅读答题技巧(共含9篇),仅供参考,大家一起来看看吧。同时,但愿您也能像本文投稿人“Toothless”一样,积极向本站投稿分享好文章。
一、关注题干的因果词、主体词、时间词
题干中需要注意的词
Why, lead to, result in/from, cause, reason
author 其他人名
traditional, used to, current, nowadays
most + adj.最高级, major + n.
二、易考定位句特征:转折、因果、强调
文章出题点
1、转折词,如however
2、因果词,如therefore
3、强调总结词,如all, very, only
4、并列递进关系, 如and,moreover
三、正确答案的特征:同义替换
同义替换的类型
1、解释型(n./v.换成同义词)
2、总结型(一个单词总结原文若干词/句)
四、错误答案特征:换词与不换词
错误答案特征
1、换词与添词;
2、答非所问与因果颠倒;
3、时态与假戏真做
一、关注题干的因果词、主体词、时间词
题干中需要注意的词
Why, lead to, result in/from, cause, reason
author 其他人名
traditional, used to, current, nowadays
most + adj.最高级, major + n.
二、易考定位句特征:转折、因果、强调
文章出题点
1、转折词,如however
2、因果词,如therefore
3、强调总结词,如all, very, only
4、并列递进关系, 如and,moreover
三、正确答案的特征:同义替换
同义替换的类型
1、解释型(n./v.换成同义词)
2、总结型(一个单词总结原文若干词/句)
四、错误答案特征:换词与不换词
错误答案特征
1、换词与添词;
2、答非所问与因果颠倒;
3、时态与假戏真做
1.英语六级阅读答题要点
2.英语六级仔细阅读答题技巧
3.20英语六级仔细阅读解题方法
4.英语六级仔细阅读附答案
5.英语六级仔细阅读技巧
6.六级仔细阅读题答题技巧
7.英语六级听力部分答题技巧
8.年英语六级题型仔细阅读解题方法
9.2016年英语六级仔细阅读练习题及解析
10.2016年12月英语六级《仔细阅读》答案
(一)答案项中有绝对语气词的一般不是正确答案项。
这些语气词有:must,always,never,the most,all,only,have to,any,no,very,completely,none,hardly等。
例(1)One of the great changes brought about by the knowledge society is that _____ .
A. the difference between the employee and the employer has become insignificant.
B. people‘s traditional concepts about work no longer hold true.
C. most people have to take part-time jobs.
D. people have to change their jobs from time to time.
(分析:四个选项中,C、D两项中都含有“have to”,语气太绝对化,一般被排除。考生在剩下两项中进行选择,就大大降低了难度。)
例(2)The main idea of this passage is that _____ .
A. better use of green space facilities should be made so as to improve the quality of our life.
B. attention must be directed to the improvement of recreative possibilities.
C. the urban environment is providing more recreation activities than it did many years ago.
D. priority must be given to the development of obligatory activities.
(分析:B、D两项中均有must be,语气太绝对化,故一般被排除。考生结合短文内容在剩下两项中进行选择,命中率就极高了。)
(二)选项中含有不十分肯定的语气词一般是正确答案项。
这些语气词有:can,could,may,should,usually,might,most(大多数),more or less,relatively,be likely to,possible,whether or,not necessarily 等。
例(1)It can be inferred from the passage that the author believes . A. Americans are more ambitious than people in other countries
B. in many countries success often depends on one‘s social status
C. American businesses are more democratic than those in other countries
D. businesses in other countries are not as competitive as those in America
(分析:选项B中often 一词,语气委婉,不十分肯定,故为答案。而其它三项中所表达出的语气都明显绝对化。)
例(2)According to the passage the problems of college education partly arise from the fact that ――。
A. society can‘t provide enough jobs for properly trained college graduates
B. high school graduates do not fit the pattern of college education?
C. too many students have to earn their own living
D. college administrators encourage students to drop out
(分析:答案项C中有have to, 语气太绝对化,故被排除。而A项中can‘t 的语气则不十分绝对化,故为答案。)
(三)选项中照抄原文的一般不是答案项,而同义替换的一般是选项。
例(1)According to Dr. David,Americans .
A. are ideally vigorous even under the pressure of life
B. often neglect the unsequences of sleep deficit
C. do not know how to relax themselves properly
D. can get by on 6.5 hours of sleep
(分析:答案项中A、D两项基本上是原文中句子的原现,故被排除。B项中有often 一词,语气委婉,不十肯定,故为答案。)
例(2)According to the passage,which of the following statements is true?
A. Future man will be made of silicon instead of flesh and blood
B. Someday it will be difficult to tell a computer from a man
C. The reasoning power of computers has already surpassed that of man
D. Future intelligent life may not necessarily be made of organic matter.
(分析:A项句子基本上是原文词句,C项中有already一词,语气太绝对化,故A、C两项被排除。剩下B、D两项,而D项中有不十分肯定语气词may not,故选D.)
(四)较全面、有针对性地表达文章中心思想的,选项一般是答案项。
例(1)which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the passage?
A. Musical uments developed through the years will sooner or later be replaced by computers.
B. Music can‘t be passed on to future generations unless it’s recorded.
C. Folk songs can‘t be spread for unless they are printed on music sheet.
D. the development of music culture is highly dependent on its material aspect.
(分析:根据短文内容可以看出,A、B、C三项的内容都只是从某一个方面阐述了一种观点,而D项句子所表达的意思就较全面,高度囊括了全篇短文的主旨。)
例(2)The first paragraph is mainly about .
A. the teenagers‘criticism of their parents
B. misunderstandings between teenagers and their parents
C. the dominance of the parents over their children
D. the teenagers‘ability to deal with crisis
(分析:短文意思是讲年青人有时批评、责备其父母,认为父母对他们间误解负大部分责任是自然的事。而B项意思是年青人和父母间的误解;C项意思是父母对他们孩子的统治;D项指年轻人处理危机的能力。根据短文内容,可以明确看出,B、C、D三项内容都是从三个方面来论述短文观点的,而A项则较全面地、有针对性地表达了文章的中心意思,故为答案。)
(五)选项中表达意义较具体的、肤浅的(字面意思)一般不是答案项,而概括性的、抽象的、含义深刻的是答案项。
例(1)The population in the 21st century,according to the writer .
A. will be smaller than a few years ago
B. will not be as small as people expect
C. will prove to be a threat to the world
D. will not constitute as serious a problem as expected
(分析:选项A、B中都有small一词,该词在文中出现过,因而总觉肤浅,是字面之意。C项明显与文章不符,而D项表达的意义比small要深刻得多。)
例(2)From the passage it can be seen that employee ship helps one .
A.to be more successful in his career
B. to solve technical problems
C. to be more specialized in his field
D. to develop his professional skill
(分析:题意是“从文中看出员工素质有助于人们 ……。”B项题即“解决技术问题”;C项意即“深化专业”;D项“发展职业技能”。这三项表达的意思都比较具体,而A项则概括地有深度,包括了B、C、D三项内容。)
1.2016年英语六级仔细阅读答题技巧
2.英语六级仔细阅读技巧
3.英语六级阅读答题技巧
4.2016年英语六级题型仔细阅读解题方法
5.12月大学英语六级仔细阅读技巧
6.大学英语六级考试仔细阅读方法技巧
7.大学英语六级仔细阅读技巧
8.大学英语六级长篇阅读题答题技巧
9.英语六级阅读做题技巧
10.英语六级阅读题技巧
听力
有三种题型,听力篇章,长对话,词汇理解。
对于长对话,只要记住一个超级技巧即可:对话所述事情总是向不好的方面发展。
举几个例子:比如对话里问教授的讲座lecture难不难,记住一定难,老师的作业assignment多不多,一定多,男士发出的邀请,女士会答应吗,永远不会,永远是一个傻哥们发出邀请,邀请的对象是Mary,问我们游泳好吗,滑冰好吗,跳舞好吗,吃饭好吗,Mary的回答永远是,我非常的想去,but不去,四级考了十几年了,Mary从来没有去过,今年照样不会。所以大家记住,只要是对话,必然会发生意外的事情。
再举个例子,两个选项,A火车准时,B火车晚点如果你是出题老师,你怎么设置对话,当然是晚点了,准时有什么好说的,总不能两个神经病,或者是两人刚谈恋爱,来到车站,没话找话,男的说,哇,火车准时了,女的说,咿!还真准时了耶!所以准时是不可能的,不好的事情一般都是最后的答案!
对于词汇理解,我觉得这种题确实比较难,只能竖直耳朵专心听了,即使听不懂,也要根据上下文瞎猜一个,空着肯定没分!
阅读
这是我们应考的重点,阅读题得分的高低直接影响到你是否能过,在这里我针对每种题型谈一谈
(一)事实细节题
据观察,每年必考地方是列举处,即有first,sceond,in addition……的地方,还有举例与打比方的地方,即有as,such ,for instance等出现的地方,有几个应考规律,大家记住。
1)选项中照抄或似乎照抄原文的一般不是答案,而同义词替换的是正确答案
2)选项中表达意义较具体,也就是句子较长的一般不是答案而概括性的,抽象的是答案
3)选项中有绝对语气词的比如must,never,merely等不是答案而有不十分肯定语气词的是正确答案,比如could,might,possible等。
(二)词义及语义判断题
常考有指代上下问语义功能的名词和一词多义的词组,另外复杂句由于其句子之间的关系复杂,也常成为考查理解能力的一种手段,大家只要记住一个规律即可,那就是选项含义与被考单词在含义上肤浅相近的一般不是答案。
(三)推理判断题,有如下几个技巧:
1)若要求对某段内容进行推论,那么就只看题干要求作答的那一段,
2)选项中采用试探性,不十分绝对语气词的比如tend to ,offten等一般是答案,
3)符合常识逻辑的一般是答案,比方说为什么中国比较穷,是因为人口众多,为什么美国人很胖,是因为他们吃的肯德基和麦当劳太多了。
(四)主旨大意题和观点态度题
这两种相对都比较难,大家的得分都不是很高,所以即使你做的不好也别太介意。
还有阅读题的一些干扰项的特点:
细节题干扰项特点
①与原句内容相反;
②与原文内容一半相同一半不同;
③与原句内容相似但过于绝对化。
④原文中根本没提到
主旨大意题干扰项特点
①虽覆盖全文意思,但显得太笼统;
②其内容太窄,不能覆盖全文内容,只是文章内容的一部分,或只是文章内容的一个细枝未节;
③与文章内容毫不相干,或与文章内容相悖。
逻辑推理题干扰项特点
①不是在文章事实或上下文(句)逻辑基础上进行推理而得出了观点。
②虽然可以以文章提供的事实或内在逻辑为基础进行推理,但推理过头,概括过度。
翻译
翻译长句子时候首先要把握整个句子的整体框架,先把整个句子的主谓语写出,然后再一个个的插入,一定不要用汉语拼音,不然改卷老师会认为我们很水的,从而得不到高分,翻译时还要注意语气,尽量要用虚拟语气,这样会让老师觉得句子比较委婉。
单个词的翻译要注意词性,有些汉语不是那么直接说明,而是属于被动说明,此时我们就要注意翻译时要按照英语的语法,判断该用ing形势还是动词的被动语态还是动词的过去试。
有一种比较好的技巧就是比如你遇到某个单词不会拼,你就可以多写几个你会的单词来形容它,同理,一种说法你遇到了不会拼写或者不会表达的地方,你就及时换一种说法,只要把意思表达到位,分数自然会上来。
写作
这是最容易应对而且也是最容得分的题!
只需考前花9秒种,即有可能取得很好的成绩。建议在考前熟记了两个比较有难度的经典句型,考试时想办法在在首句和结尾处各用了一个,然后剩余部分,或者自由发挥,或者写几段喜欢的英文歌词(注意不是汉语拼音的),或者写一下李阳疯狂英语里的搞笑句子。
你不要怀疑这种的做法,现在我给大家分析一下此法可行的原因:判卷时,每个老师桌子上都会有一大叠卷子,远远超过你高考时的复习资料,你想,只要是个人,谁会有耐心仔细看那么多的英语文章,再加上心情烦躁,每天关在小屋里看偶们这些无聊低级的文章,不许上网,好人也会被折磨疯的。
所以他们判卷时,一般只看开头和收尾句,再大体看一下字数够不够,有的正在谈恋爱的老师,心情比较好,还会看有没有错误的单词,为了防止这种情况,我提醒大家,我们的目标不是写一篇惊世骇俗的文章,而是尽量在三十分种内不说一句错话,不写一个错单词。一句话,我们的目标就是――没有错误!!
再有,写短文时,最好用黑色钢笔,而不要用其他颜色的,特别是圆珠笔,另外,千万要注意书面整齐,据说,判卷老师大都是近世眼,对于黑色他们更为敏感,更习惯。书写也是,越整洁,他看得越清晰,心情就越好,分也就越高!
如果题干提示写解释现象,即用这个模板。
The picture captures a very special scene: ____________(描图图片). Simple as it is, what the picture conveys to us is thought-provoking. _____(图片含义).
Strikingly, in contemporary society, this sort of phenomenon is becoming increasingly common and eye-catching. Two fundamental factors could account for this social phenomenon. First and foremost, this problem stems from ________(原因1名词). _______(具体阐述). Moreover, this situation can be seen as a consequence of ________(原因2名词). _______(具体阐述).
The following ways can be adopted to advocate(好现象)/curb(坏现象) this social phenomenon. On the micro level, I believe it is every individual’s duty and it is high time that we should take action. Since my own voice is too weak to be heard, I hope the authority and mass media should be held accountable. Only by this means can we lead to a better life.
如果题干提示写正反观点,即用这个模板。
The picture captures a very special scene: ____________(描图图片). Simple as it is, what the picture conveys to us is thought-provoking. _____(图片含义).
Opinions vary when it comes to _________(主题). Some argue that ________(正方观点). However, those who strongly oppose are not among the minority. They hold that _____(反方观点).
Given the factors I have just outlined, it can be concluded that the question quite depends on personal choice. However, I am fully convinced that _______(自我观点).
认真阅读文章首段首句
文章首段首句往往会告知文章的背景或是主题,掌握首段首句可以帮助我们确定文章接下来要谈论的内容,做到心中有数,不至于理解错误。如果大家通过首段首句不能确定文章主题,可以看一下首段全部内容或是各个自然段的首尾句。
结合空格前后内容,寻找线索
注意空格前后的结构和搭配,在选词时,要保证所选的词的词性、单复数、时态和意义均符合文章上下文要求,从而保证文章前后通顺、流畅。同时在做题过程中可以先确定自己比较有把握的单词,这样通过排除法逐渐减少备选词汇。
重读全文,查漏补缺,核实答案
选择完成后,考生如果有时间可以核查全文,重点看不确定的单词是否选择合理。如果没有时间,大家就只需看自己做题时把握不大的单词,并根据文章进行推敲核实。
答题技巧一: 详略得当
对于大学英语四六级阅读来说,根据题目的“题眼”快速在文章中找到答案是最关键的,这样我们就要在阅读时注意详略得当。克服精读精益求精的习惯,做到有信息处精读,无信息处略读,略读处一扫而过。
题目中数字、人名等信息(题眼)在原文中对应的部分必须详读。而对所要解释或证明的观点的细节举例处或者通常有数个名词的并列项,它们不是完整的主谓宾的句子,因此无法与问题对应的详细列举处,都可以略读。
答题技巧二:显性信息
查读的信息通常是显性信息,只要将问题在原文中进行准确定位就能得到正确答案,一般不需要做推理。
特别提示:考生对于以下一些显性信息也应注意
(1) 表示因果关系的词或词组:because, reason, due to, since, so that, therefore等
(2) 表示目的关系的词或词组:in order to, so as to, by等
(3) 表示转折关系的词或词组:but, however, yet等
(4) 表示对比关系的词或词组:contrary to, unlike, like等
答题技巧三:题文同序
英语四六级考试的阅读部分,问题顺序与原文顺序一致(有时顺序不一致),这就要求考生应该按照题目的顺序依次做题。
答题技巧四:分解对应
分解对应四分法:快速将问题分解成4个部分(主A 谓B宾C+其他D),与原文进行对比。
答题技巧五:选小不选大
四六级阅读中,问题的范围必须小于原文范围,反之则不选。
不能选的选项为:
(1) 选项的信息与原文内容相反
(2) 选项将原文的意思张冠李戴
(3) 将原文中的不确定因素转化为确定因素
(4) 改变原文中的条件、范围等
答题技巧六: 主宾判定
四六级阅读中,将题干的句子进行简单分解后,问题中的主语、宾语在原文未出现或被偷换概念,则不选。
不选的选项:
(1) 选项表述无中生有
(2) 原文中作者的目的、意图、愿望等内容在选项作为客观事实陈述
(3) 将原文中的特殊情况推广为普遍现象
(4) 将原文的内容具体化
(5) 随意比较原文中的两个事物
答题技巧七:相关信息准确合并
考生遇到问题时,不能只局限在某一段里面找答案,可以先做后面的题目,在后面的阅读中发现还有该题的答案时,将相关信息合并后再确定答案。
六级阅读做题时,由于时间的限制,快速阅读就没有必要一个单词一个单词去通读全文,而是需要详略有别的去扫读。以下整理了一些答题技巧,大家可以参考一下。
第一、我们要扫读全文,确定文章的大概结构。
如何扫读全文呢重点去读文章的第一段,如果各部分有小标题,还要读一下各部分的小标题,如果无小标题,则扫读每段的首句,这样做的目的就是为了把握文章的大意和总体结构,同时也能快速的得出后面主旨题的答案。
第二、要将考查题目与原文相对应。
六级考试与考研英语一样,在题目的设置上呈现出出题顺序与行文顺序一致的规律。最后一题的答案定位信息点一般不可能在第一段或前面几段出现。所以我们按顺序把每一道题目题干中的定位词先划出来,再按段落顺序依次去定位。
那么,何为定位词呢?通常分为两类:第一类是表时间、数字及首字母大写的人名地名等专有名词;第二类是比较长,比较复杂的名词;这里切记,不能用表达中心思想的主题词去定位,因为文章通篇讲的都是它。由于问题顺序和文章行文顺序一致,所以先做第一小题,然后做第二小题,看一道,做一道。千万不要把文章全部看完后再做题,或者全部题目看完后再读文章。
在将题目和文章比对的同时,要善于学会精读重点信息。比如,文中举例处,引语及多个名词并列而不是完整句子的内容,均可略读。此外,要多关注文中的逻辑关系词,对于这些词的把握,有助于我们精确把握重要信息。通常要注意下面三种逻辑关系:
(1)并列、递进关系:and,or,besides,furthermore,what’s more,then,in addition,moreover,in other words;
(2)因果关系:as a result of,on account of ,as a result ,thanks to,therefore,hence,consequently,because,for,due to,owing to;
(3)转折关系:whereas,however,but,nevertheless,yet,in fact;
最后,要学会运用特殊的标点符号,比如冒号,破折号,小括号。这些标点符号的出现就是对前面的内容作进一步的说明。所以,在阅读文章时,可以跳读这些标点符号后面的信息,从而帮助我们节省更多宝贵的时间并且更加快速地把握文章的主旨。
第三、精炼原文,学会概括。
快速阅读除了选择题之外,还会有两到三个填空题。对于填空题,我们所要做的是首先确定所缺内容是句子的什么成分,然后根据具体定位信息回到原文去确定所缺内容。要学会去照抄原文或者对原文内容进行概括总结,以确保所填内容信息的完整性和准确性。
【冲刺1:结合真题适量复习词汇】
首先,考试时间紧迫,考生必须放弃之前每天海量做题海量背诵新单词的方式。
其次,考前冲刺需每个环节都要顾及,此时每天无需花大量时间和精力在单词上,每天保证一个小时左右即可。
最后,这个时候应全身投入真题练习,并且重点复习考试中的高频词汇,真题阅读是记忆单词非常好的材料,毕竟六六级对单词量的考察很大部分集中在阅读上,因此集中火力攻克核心部分,将阅读真题作为巩固单词记忆的重要工具,每天做一套真题,标出自己不会的单词,并重点掌握循环记忆。
【冲刺2:放弃模拟题,集中攻克真题】
在时间充裕的情况下,我们可以通过做模拟题和预测题来找感觉,提升做题速度。当时进入考前倒计时状态时,重点需转移到真题,尤其时间很紧的考生可以集中攻克真题,选择至少近流年的真题,安排好每天练习的数量和时间,严格控制好时间并做好做题标记,了解详细解析直到真正明白理解。
【冲刺3:找partner多进行模拟训练,消除紧张感】
口语部分是新增的内容,也是考生拉分较大的一部分。这里会着重考察考生口语表达流利程度,语音语调的准确性,语言反应能力等。考生首先要了解考试题型问答,发言和讨论,再进行问答,要做到沉着冷静,不要紧张,给它想成是在跟partner聊天。首先,在考试前需找partner多进行口语模拟练习,做到熟能生巧。其次,考场中药专心,考试中三个人一组,做到倾听每一个partner的发言,所谓有备无患,免得图绕叫到你,你却手足无措。考试的问答有一定顺序,不过老师让你针对别人的发言作出评论也是可能的,一切皆有可能,考试的时候不要分心。考前建议查看英语六六级口语突击训练,这个是在线直播课,对英语口语学习很是专业,无论是现在应试,还是以后英语口语训练都有很大帮助。
【冲刺4:确保正确率的基础上, 提升做题速度】
很多考生在六六级考试中都感叹时间不够用,阅读的时候回占据大量时间,对于这个问题在考前复习的时候大家就应该要注意。考生需养成快读浏览文章的习惯,将之前一字一句翻译文章的习惯改变,都说15天可以养成一个新习惯,距离考试还有16天,相信你绝对可以。
注意,一开始不要急于追求速度,在确保正确率的前提下再提高自己的阅读速度。其实,英文阅读和中文阅读理解是一个道理,重点在于找出中心思想,其次确定考试要考的重点,忽略多余的信息,这样对提高阅读速度帮助不少。
【冲刺5:掌握近几年作文结构,创造自己的作文模板】
对于作文的复习,很多考生都会说背范文,但是考前时间这么紧张,背范文难道每一篇都要全文一字不落地背下来吗?
其实如果时间充足的话背诵当然越多越好,能一字不漏的背下来当然牛了,但是关键在于这个阶段已经没有足够的时间了,所以考生可以把近几年的范文看看,了解范文的写作结构,根据范文作文类型的特点自己总结出一篇比较有特点的模板,考试的时候既不会重复,又省时省力。
1.英语六级考试答题技巧
2.英语六级听力部分答题技巧
3.英语六级听力答题技巧
4.英语六级考试听力技巧
5.英语六级考试阅读技巧
6.英语六级考试技巧
7.英语六级考试小技巧
8.2017英语六级考试听力技巧总结
9.英语六级考试实战应考技巧
10.英语六级考试技巧大全
一、仔细阅读题型简介
要求考生阅读三篇短文。两篇为单项选择题型的短文理解测试,一篇为选词填空或简答题。但从6月以来的考试全部考查的是选词填空而没有考查简答题。仔细阅读理解部分测试考生在不同层面上的阅读能力,包括理解主旨大意和重要细节、综合分析、推理判断及根据上下文推测词义等。
本题型要求考生在阅读完一篇300~350个单词左右的文章后解答5个以单项选择题形式进行考查的题目。其所考查的内容一般不会是从文章能直接找到答案的,而需要考生运用自己的语言知识、逻辑知识等进行推敲和加深理解。这种题型可以考查任何层次、全局性、细节性的内容。虽然提供4个答案供考生进行选择,但干扰项大多具有迷惑性,这就要求考生对所读文章内容达到真正的理解。
二、解题步骤
第一步,读问题,划出标志词或关键词
快速浏览题目,对5个题目有大概印象以便阅读时有侧重点。一般来说,对于本身已经明确其考查内容的题目,标志词和关键词是比较容易找到的,只看一下题干即可,而对于那些并没有出现标志词和关键词的题目,如:The author suggests that,可以在解答试题时浏览选项作出解答
第二步,略读文章
在略读中,首先阅读第一段,因为第一段通常会告诉我们作者将要讨论的话题。然后阅读下面各段的第一句话,以对每个段落的内容有大概的了解,然后再阅读最后一段,以帮助我们对文章内容进行概括,或了解作者的评价、态度等。
第三步,解答试题
根据试题中的标志词和关键词,找到试题在文章中对应的句子,并对其进行仔细阅读,然后对比四个选项,选出正确答案。
三、题型分类及解题技巧
根据大学英语阅读理解测试能力的要求,阅读理解的试题类型可以分为以下五大类:主旨题、细节题、语义题、推理题和观点态度题。通过对历年大学英语四级试题的分析,阅读理解部分五类题型所占比重分别为:细节题占60%左右,主旨题和推理题各占15%左右,语义题和观点态度题各占5%左右。
在近年的四级考试中,阅读理解题型不断变化,较难的主旨类和推理类比重加大。尽管所选材料题材广泛,包罗万象,但其体裁选用和题型设置相对稳定,提问方式大同小异,因而考生可通过熟悉各种题型及其应试策略,提高阅读理解部分的做题正确率。
(一)细节题
细节题即客观事实题,在大学英语四级考试中所占比例最大,目的是考查学生对重要事实和细节的辨认与记忆能力。事实或细节是文章中用来论证或说明主题的依据。这类试题主要考查考生是否掌握了作者用来阐述主题的有关事实和细节,对文章的理解是否全面,是否透彻。这类问题不掺杂主观内容而是针对文章的某个具体细节如:时间、地点、人物、原因、结果、条件、现象等的提问。
细节题主要对文中具体事实和细节(facts and details)进行提问。有时候,这类题目会进一步演化为是非判断题(true or false),考查我们的辨别和排除能力。提问方式一般为:
When (Where, Who, Why, What, How)…?
All of the following are mentioned in the passage except…
According to the passage, the best answer to…is…
The author says…because…
Which of the following may be the best reason for…
【解题技巧】
在做细节题时,首先应当仔细阅读题目,弄清题目的具体要求,以及所给4个选项,然后在题目或选项中确定关键词,再利用关键词回文章中定位,找出文章中相对应的细节性句子,与4个选项进行对照,以确定正确答案。 通常细节题的答案在文章中都会找到,但是答案的表述和原文会有所差别,常常不是文章中的原话,而是词语或句子的同义表达。
关键词的确定也有技巧。如果题目或选项中有专有名词(人名、地名等)、数字(年代、时间等)要将此定位为关键词。因为这些词有特点,在文章中很容易找到,所以很快就可以定位相应的细节,从而找到正确答案。如 果题目或选项中没有明显的词,可以定位主要的名词或动词为关键词。
在所给的选项中有3个属于干扰项,有的是片面性的,有的是部分正确,有的虽属文章相关内容,但不切合问题,有的用同义词、近义词或形似词进行干扰。因此,核对4个选项时,务必慎重,千万不要粗心大意,千万不要想当然。无论从数量还是分值上看,细节类问题都是至关重要的。因此,平时要多读多练,熟悉并掌握细节类问题的解题步骤和技巧
2 . 主旨题
对文章中心思想的提问,主要考查对文章进行概括或总结的能力,要求在阅读短文时,能够提炼文章的中心思想,体会作者的主要写作意图,充分运用逻辑概括能力,透过字里行间获取文章最具代表性的观点、论点及作者的情感倾向。
提问方式 :
What’s the main idea of…?
What’s the topic of…?
What’s the purpose of…?
What’s the point of…?
What’s the best title of…?
解题步骤
首先要确定文章有无主题句,以及主题句在文章中的位置。文章的主题句通常位于首段或尾段,有时也出现在文章的中间段落。段落的主题句通常位于段首或段尾,有时也在段落的中间。
如有主题句,就能很容易确定文章或段落的主题。
如果没有明显的主题句,就带着问题细读文章的首段和尾段找出其中心,抓住每个段落的主题句,明确文章的中心思想。 注意:如果文章主旨题出现在第一题,先不要做这道题,把后面的题做完后再回头做第一题,这样可 以节省很多时间。
3 . 推理题
与细节性问题相似,推理题也是对文章具体内容的判断。但推理不但要求掌握文章所表达的字面含义,还要从表面推出更深层含义,这部分往往出题分量大,难度大,出错也最多。包括
(1)针对文章中的某个细节进行推断;
(2)根据文章推测作者的观点、目的、态度和思路。
(3)推断文章中没出现的前一段或下一段的内容。
这类题常见的提问方式有:
Passage One
Questions 56 to 60 are based on the followingpassage.
They're still kids, and although there's a lot thatthe experts don't yet know about them, one thingthey do agree on is that what kids use and expectfrom their world has changed rapidly. And it's allbecause of technology.
To the psychologists, sociologists, and generational and media experts who study them,their digital gear sets this new group apart, even from their tech-savvy (懂技术的) Millennialelders. They want to be constantly connected and available in a way even their older siblingsdon't quite get. These differences may appear slight, but they signal an all-encompassingsensibility that some say marks the dawning of a new generation.
The contrast between Millennials and this younger group was so evident to psychologistLarry Rosen of California State University that he has declared the birth of a new generation in anew book, Rewired: Understanding the ingeneration and the Way They Learn, out next month.Rosen says the tech-dominated life experience of those born since the early 1990s is sodifferent from the Millennials he wrote about in his 2007 book, Me, MySpace and I: Parenting theNet Generation, that they warrant the distinction of a new generation, which he has dubbedthe “ingeneration”.
“The technology is the easiest way to see it, but it's also a mind-set, and the mind-set goeswith the little ‘i', which I'm talking to stand for 'individualized',” Rosen says. “Everything isdefined and individualized to ‘me'. My music choices are defined to ' me'. What I watch onTV any instant is defined to ‘me'. ” He says the iGeneration includes today's teens and middle-school ers, but it's too soon to tell about elementary-school ages and younger.
Rosen says the iGeneration believes anything is possible. “If they can think of it, somebodyprobably has or will invent it,” he says. “They expect innovation.”
They have high expectations that whatever they want or can use “will be able to be tailoredto their own needs and wishes and desires.”
Rosen says portability is key. They are inseparable from their wireless devices, which allowthem to text as well as talk, so they can be constantly connected-even in class, where cellphones are supposedly banned.
Many researchers are trying t6 determine whether technology somehow causes the brainsof young people to be wired differently. “They should be distracted and should perform morepoorly than they do,” Rosen says. “But findings show teens survive distractions much betterthan we would predict by their age and their brain development. ”
Because these kids are more immersed and at younger ages, Rosen says, the educationalsystem has to change significantly.
“The growth curve on the use of technology with children is exponential(指数的), and werun the risk of being out of step with this generation as far as how they learn and how theythink,” Rosen says.
“We have to give them options because they want their world individualized. ”
56. Compared with their Millennial elders, the iGeneration kids
A.communicate with others by high-tech methods continually
B.prefer to live a virtual life than a real one
C.are equipped with more modem digital techniques
D.know more on technology than their elders
57. Why did Larry Rosen name the new generation as iGeneration?
A.Because this generation is featured by the use of personal high-tech devices.
B.Because this generation stresses on an individualized style of life.
C.Because it is the author himself who has discovered the new generation.
D.Because it's a mind-set generation instead of an age-set one.
58. Which of the following is true about the iGeneration according to Rosen?
A.This generation is crazy about inventing and creating new things.
B.Everything must be adapted to the peculiar need of the generation.
C.This generation catches up with the development of technology.
D.High-tech such as wireless devices goes with the generation.
59. Rosen's findings suggest that technology
A.has an obvious effect on the function of iGeneration's brain development
B.has greatly affected the iGeneration's behaviors and academic performance
C.has no significantly negative effect on iGeneration's mental and intellectualdevelopment
D.has caused distraction problems on iGeneration which affect their daily performance
60. According to the passage, education has to __
A.adapt its system to the need of the new generation
B.use more technologies to cater for the iGeneration
C.risk its system to certain extent for the iGeneration
D.be conducted online for iGeneration's individualized need
Passage Two
Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.
Small increases in temperature found to add power to storms in the Atlantic.
Hurricanes that form in the Atlantic Ocean are expected to gain considerable strength asthe global temperature continues to rise, a new study has found.
Using modeling data focused on the conditions in which hurricanes form, a group ofinternational researchers based at Beijing Normal University found that for every 1.8°F ( 1℃ )rise of the Earth's temperature, the number of hurricanes in the Atlantic that are as strong orstronger than Hurricane Katrina will increase twofold to sevenfold.
Hurricane strength is directly related to the heat of the water where the storm forms. Morewater vapor in the air from evaporating ocean water adds fuel to hurricanes that build strengthand head toward land.
Hurricane Katrina is widely considered the measure for a destructive storm, holding themaximum Category 5 designation for a full 24 hours in late August 2005. It lost strength as itpassed over the Florida peninsula, but gained destructive power fight before colliding withNew Orleans, killing more than 200 people and causing $ 80 billion in damage.
The study points to a gradual increase of Katrina-like events. The warming experiencedover the 20th century doubled the number of such debilitating(将人类摧垮的)storms. But theongoing warming of the planet into the 21st century could increase the frequency of theworst kinds of storms by 700 percent, threatening coastlines along the Atlantic Ocean withmuitiple Category 5 storms every year.
“Our results support the idea that changes in regional sea surface temperatures is theprimary cause of hurricane variability,” said Aslak Girnstead, a researcher with the Center forIce and Climate at the University of Copenhagen. The large impact of small sea-surfacetemperature increases was more than Girustead and his colleagues had anticipated. Theentire study was published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
Global temperatures have steadily increased, making the past decade the warmest onrecord. Earlier this year, climate researchers reported that the Earth's temperatures have risenfaster in the last century than at any point since the last ice age, 11,300 years ago. Theprimary cause, a couseusus of scientists has said, is the rising emissions of greenhousegases like carbon dioxide and methane.
Past hurricanes have supported the study's finding that global temperature rise is linkedto more destructive storms. According to the National Center for Atmospheric Research, whilethe frequency of storms doesn't appear to have increased, the percentage of strong ones hasrisen sharply over the past few decades. The trend may be similar further back in time, butcomprehensive hurricane data doesn't exist.
61. According to the team of international researchers based at Beijing Normal University,the rise of the Earth's temperature is likely to cause
A.the coming of ice age
C.more Katrina-like or worse hurricanes
B.less intense hurricanes
D.more greenhouse gases in the atmosphere
62. The ocean water in the region where the storm forms
A.is heating the hurricanes
B.evaporates and becomes fuel
C.heads toward land
D.turns into water vapor that makes hurricanes stronger
63. Which of the following statement is TRUE about Hurricane Katrina?
A.It did not lose its strength as it moved.
B.It claimed over 200 people's lives.
C.It caused 80 billion dollars loss for Florida peninsula.
D.It lasted for full 24 hours.
64. What result can regional sea surface temperature changes produce?
A.Hurricane changes.
C.Global warming.
B.Increasing greenhouse gas emissions.
D.Destructive hurricanes.
65. It can be inferred from the passage that
A.there is no link between greenhouse gas emissions and destructive storms
B.reduction of greenhouse gas emissions may reduce destructive storms
C.the higher percentage of strong ones rose as more hurricanes appeared
D.past records on hurricanes included everything needed
★ 英语六级翻译技巧
★ 考试答题技巧